Let's Do Mathematics 2 – Worktext B

n ca t Wo r k t e xt x

2B

for le arne arners 7 - 8 year s o l d

Let’s Do Mathematics

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Do Mathematics is a series covering levels K-6 and is fully aligned to o the United States Common Core State Standards (USCCSS). Each level consists of two books boo (Book A and Book B) and combines textbook-style presentation of concepts oncepts pts as well as workbook practice.

Central to the USCCSS is the promotion of problem-solving skills ls and reasoning.

Let’s Do Mathematics achieves this by teaching and presenting ng g concepts through throu a problem-solving based pedagogy and using the concrete-pictorial-abstract pictorial-abstract torial-abstract ((CPA) approach. Learners acquire knowledge and understanding a ng off concepts through thr th guided progression beginning with concrete examples and experiences which then w flow into pictorial representations and finally mastery at the and symbolic level. e abstract an a This approach ensures that learners develop a fundamental understanding of concepts damental ental understa underst rather than answering questions by learned procedures edures es and algorithms. algorit

Key features of the series include:

Anchor Task

3

Numbers to 1000

sk Anchor Task

Open-ended activities serve as the starting point for understanding new vities concepts. Learners engage in activities e and discussions to form concrete experiences before the conceptt is formalized.

141

Let’s Learn n

Concepts are presented sented in a clear and a colorful manner.. Worked rked problems problem provide learners step-by-step ers with ith guided step-by ste progression through Series gh examples. Ser mascots provide rovide de guidance through throug throu helpful comments new nts and nd observations when w concepts pts are e introduced. introduce

2-Step Word Prob lems Let’s Learn

Blake has 12 toy cars.

Dominic has 3 more How many toy cars toy cars than Blake. do they have altoge ther?

In January, Jorda n saves $36.

In February, he saves $15 more than in January.

How much mone y did he save in total?

First, let’s find how many cars I have.

Step 1

12

3

Step 1 Find the amount of money Jordan saves in $36

Blake’s cars

February.

$15

January

13

Dominic’s cars

February

+

?

To find the numb er of cars that Domin ic has, we add.

12 + 3 = 15 Dominic has 15 toy cars.

Now we can find the total number of toy cars.

Step 2

?

ry.

Step 2 Add the amounts togeth

er to find the total.

$36

12

$51

15

Blake’s cars

Dominic’s cars

January

February

?

?

12 + 15 = 27 Blake and Domin ic have 27 toy cars altogether.

122

6 1 5 5 1

36 + 15 = 51 Jordan saves $51 in Februa

36 + 51 = 87 Jordan saved $87 in total.

3 6 + 5 1 8 7

123

ii

Let’s Practice

2.

Let’s Practice 1.

clarinet 60 cm

violin

ed uc ati on

36 cm

trumpet

88 cm

(a) The trumpet is

cm longer than the

clarinet.

cm longer than the

violin. vi

(b) The trumpet is

cm. has a length of (a) The toothpaste cm. length of (b) The comb has a cm. a length of has ush toothbr (c) The toothpaste. cm shorter than the (d) The comb is comb. cm longer than the is ush toothbr The (e) is the longest. (f) The is the shortest.

Th (g) The

210

1.

cm shorter than the

(c) The violin iss

is the longest.

(d) The

is the shortest.

(e) The

(f) Arrange the objects

from the longest to

shortest.

21 1

At Home

Halle asked her friend s their favorite fruit.

She made a table from the data she collected.

What’s your favorite fruit?

Apples!

Mangoes!

2.

Make a bar graph aph from the tabl table.

Answer the questi ons ns and use tthe space to show Class 2A’s Favor Cl

Water

Milk

10

My Friend ds’ ss’ Favor

Apple juice

8

1

3

ite Drink

ite Fruits

Mango

Apple

Banana

8

Peach

3

7

6

bar graph from m the

table.

My Friend ends’ s’ Favorite Fr Fruits

Fruit

Help Halle make a

your working.

ite Drink

Orange juice

Class 2A’s Favor

Further practice designed to be completed without the guidance of a teacher. Exercises and problems in this section follow on from those completed under Let’s Practice.

clarinet.

Numb ber er of people

At Home

of the objects.

of the objects.

Compare the lengths Fill in the blanks.

Learners demonstrate their understanding of concepts through a range of exercises and problems to be completed in a classroom environment.

Questions provide a varying degree of guidance and scaffolding as learners progress to mastery of the concepts.

Compare the lengths Fill in the blanks.

Type of drink

Friends

296

Hands On

Play this game in groups of

Hands On

Learners are encouraged to ‘learn by doing’ through the use of group activities and the use of mathematical manipulatives.

3 or 4.

297

o on your table.

Place different 3-D shapes by saying the number of faces, One player describes a shape edges and vertices.

Th This 3-D shape has 2 faces.

1.

2.

3.

shape is the winner he first player to pick the correct The ribess the next shape. describe

and

It’s a cylinder!

Solve it!

1.

Solve It!

Re g

C

80

3m

A B

Activities that require learners earners ers to apply logical lo reasoning and problem-solving. are often em-solving. solving. Problems Proble posed which do not for solving ot have e a routine strategy strate s them. Learners are encouraged ncouraged to think creatively and apply a range of problem-solving roblem-solving heuristics. heu

Looking king Back

A beetle is crawling around a garden.

It starts at position A and crawls for 36 m.

At which position does the beetle stop?

D 9m

The beetle stops at position 2.

.

Jordan is running around the soccer field.

He starts at position A and runs for 400 m.

At which position does he stop?

D

100 m

D

50 m

A B Jordan stops at position

.

215

(b)

Looking Back Write the number in numerals and words.

1.

(a)

+

Consolidated olidated practice w where learners demonstrate on a monstrate their understanding underst und range nge of concepts taught taugh within a unit.

+

=

Fill in the blanks.

Write the number in numerals and words.

3.

Tens

Hundreds

Ones

(b)

2.

Fill in the blanks.

tens

hundreds

ones

(a) +

4.

500 +

+9=

+

=

Write the number.

The digit 9 is in the ones place.

The digit 8 is in the hundreds place.

The digit 2 is in the tens place.

243

242

iii

Re ga le du ca tio n

Contents 5 Subtraction Within 1,000

Subtracting 100s and 10s Subtraction Without Regrouping Subtraction With Regrouping

6 Word Problems

1-Step Word Problems 2-Step Word Problems

7 Shapes

2-Dimensional Shapess es 3-Dimensional Shapes Area of Shapes nd Quarters Halves, Thirds and

8 Time

e to 5 Minutes M te Telling Time me in a.m. and an a p.m.

Telling Time

9 Length

stomary mary Unit Units of Length Customary Measuring asuring Length Leng Lengt in Inches Measuring easuring Length Len in Feet and Yards Comparing Length Comparin L – Inches, Feet and Yards Metric Units of Length M Measurin Measuring Length in Centimeters Me Measur Measuring Length in Meters mp Comparing Length (Centimeters and Meters)

iv

2 4 12 26

44 44 50 58 58 74 82 90

106 108 130

144 144 146 186 176 186 188 200 208

10 Money

11 Data and Graphs Drawing Picture Graphs Reading Picture Graphs Bar Graphs Line Plots

n a ti

Coins and Notes Exchanging Money Counting Money Comparing Money Money Word Problems

226 227 233 2 24 242 250 256

266 268 278 288 300

v

Subtraction Within 1,000

Re ga le du ca to n

5

Anchor Task

Hundreds

2

Tens

Re ga l Ones

–

du ca tio n –

–

–

–

3

Subtracting 100s and 10s

tio n

Let’s Learn Find 500 – 200.

Re ga le du c

5–2=3 500 – 20 200 = 300

Subtract the hundreds.

500 – 200 = 300

H

T

O

5 – 2 3

0 0 0

0 0 0

H

T

O

4 – 3 1

4 0 4

3 0 3

Find 443 – 300.

Subtract hundreds. tract ract the hund hundred 443 – 300 = 14 143

4

Find 253 – 10.

on

5–1=4 50 – 10 = 40 0

Subtract the tens.

T

O

2

5 1 4

3 0 3

– 2

Re ga le du c

253 – 10 = 243

H

Find 553 – 30.

ens.

Subtract the tens.

H

T

O

5

5 3 2

3 0 3

–

5

513 523 533 543 553 563 573

553 – 30 = 52 523

5

Let’s Practice Subtract the hundreds.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

0 0

0 0

(b)

–

4 2

0 0

0 0

(d)

–

5 4

0 0

0 0

(f) (

–

9 5

(c)

(e)

(g) 700 – 400 =

500 00 – 300 =

–

6

0 0

0 0

–

8 1

0 0

0 0

–

7 5

0 0

0 0

(h) 800 – 700 =

–

–

(i)

–

6 3

(j)

900 – 700 =

–

Subtract the tens. (a)

3

2 1

0 0

(b)

9 6

5 0

(d)

5 2

9 0

(f)

7

6 5

0 0

8

8 3

7 0

9

9 7

9 0

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

–

(c)

2

–

(e)

6

–

(g) 372 – 20 =

–

–

–

(h) 866 – 60 =

–

(i)

747 – 30 =

–

–

(j)

977 – 50 =

–

7

3.

Fill in the missing numbers.

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a)

400

–

800

–

100

=

(b)

=

600

(c)

–

300

=

400

–

200

=

700

(d)

8

Fill in the missing numbers. (a)

Re ga le du ca tio n

4.

=

558

–

397

–

=

337

688

–

=

608

789 78

–

=

769

10

(b)

(c)

(d)

9

Solve It!

Re ga le du ca tio n

Fill in the blanks.

What is the rule?

(a)

800

600

500

The rule is

(b)

65 655

7727 277

10

4 00 400

.

777

The rule is

500 0 500

700

182

605

.

541

At Home Complete the equation.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

2.

(a) 500 – 300 =

(b) 300 – 300 =

(c) 700 – 100 =

(d) 900 – 500 =

(e) 600 – 400 =

(f) 800 00 0 – 600 =

Fill in the missing numbers. = 800

(a) 900 – (c)

– 400 = 100

= 400

(e) 600 –

(g)

3.

4.

– 300 = 300

(b) b) 800 – (d)

= 200

– 400 = 500

(f) 300 3 – (h) (

= 100

– 700 = 200

Complete the equations. tions. s.

(a) 534 – 10 =

(b) 542 – 30 =

(c) 861 – 50 =

(d) 984 – 80 =

(e) 663 – 30 =

(f) 788 – 40 =

Fill in the missing numbers. numb nu 85 – (a) 285 (c)

(e) 771 –

(g))

= 22 225

– 10 = 6 632

= 721

– 90 = 909

(b) 356 –

(d)

(f) 465 – (h)

= 306

– 50 = 510

= 445

– 70 = 622

11

Subtraction Without Regrouping

Re ga le du ca tio n

Remember This!

Subtract 25 from 48.

Subtract the ones.

8 ones – 5 ones = 3 ones.

Tens

Ones

Tens One Ones On

–

4 2

8 5

3

Subtract the tens.

Tens

Ones

Tens Ones

–

4 2

8 5

2

3

4 tens – 2 tens = 2 tens.

48 – 25 = 23

Find 87 – 76.

Subtract the ones.

S

Subtract the tens.

Te Tens Ones

–

8 7

7 6 1

87 – 76 = 111 12

Tens Ones

–

8 7

7 6

1

1

Have a Go!

Re ga le du ca tio n

Fill in the blanks. (a) 19 – 11 =

–

(c) 64 – 53 =

–

(e) 94 – 52 =

–

(g) 75 – 43 =

–

(b) 28 – 22 =

–

(d) 87 – 35 3 =

–

(f) 63 – 33 =

–

(h) 99 – 87 =

–

13

Let’s Learn

Re ga le du ca tio n

Mrs Jenkins baked 265 pies. She sold 42 pies.

How many pies does Mrs Jenkins have left?

Let’s subtract 42 from 265.

Hundreds

Tens

Ones

H

T

O

2

6 4

5 2

–

Subtract the ones.

Subtract the tens tens.

H

T

O

H

T

O

H

T

O

2

6 4

5 2 3

2

6 4 2

5 2 3

2

6 4 2

5 2 3

–

Hundreds

–

Tens Ten

265 – 42 = 223 Mrs Jenkins ns has 223 pies left.

14

Subtract the hundreds.

Ones

–

2

Subtract 265 from 597.

Tens

Ones

Re ga le du ca tio n

Hundreds

Subtract the ones.

Subtract the tens.

Subtract the hundreds.

H

T

O

H

T

O

H

T

O

5 – 2

9 6

7 5 2

5 – 2

9 6 3

7 5 2

5 – 2 3

9 6 3

7 5 2

Hundreds

Tens

Ones

597 – 265 5 = 332 3

15

Let’s Practice Cross out and subtract.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

Hundreds

Tens

Ones

4

5 1

6 2

–

5 1

8 5

8 4

–

3 2

9 6

7 7

–

(b)

(c)

16

Hundreds

Hundreds ds

Tens

Tens

Ones

Ones

Hundreds

Tens

Ones

Re ga le du ca tio n

(d)

(e)

(f)

Hundreds

Hundreds ds

Tenss

Tens T

–

7 5

4 2

5 1

–

4 3

3 3

9 2

–

6 5

8 7

4 4

Ones

Ones

17

2.

Subtract. (a)

7 6

(b)

5 3

8 5

(d)

8 5

6 4

(f)

–

4 2

0 0

9 8

(h)

–

8 3

8 3

5 4

(j)

–

8 8

1 0

8 5

(l)

–

9 6

7

2

9 1

6 3

–

4 1

9 5

3 2

–

1 1

4 1

9 3

–

7 3

2 1

6 3

–

9 3

8 2

4 3

–

4 3

6 3

8 8

Re ga le du ca tio n

1

–

(c)

5

–

(e)

(g)

(i)

(k) k)

18

–

Subtract. (a) 153 – 12 =

(b) 358 – 36 =

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

1

–

5 1

3 2

(c) 448 – 122 = –

4 1

–

4 2

8 2

–

(i)

8 2

–

–

7 4

7 1

6 4

5 4

–

6 3

0 0

9 5

5 4

7 2

5 5

9 5

(h) 557 – 542 =

9 5

2 2

824 – 614 = 8 6

8 6

(f) 609 6 – 305 =

(g) 992 – 852 52 = 9 8

–

5 3

(d) 765 5 – 144 =

(e) 887 – 424 = 8 4

3

–

(j)

2 1

4 4

5 5

959 – 355 = –

9 3

19

Hands On

ca tio n

Work in pairs.

Use place value disks and base-ten blocks to help you ou subtract. ubtra

R

100 00 0

20

10

1

1.

Place number disks in the chart to show 176.

Tens

Ones es

Re ga le du ca tio n

Hundreds

2.

Take away 2 tens and remains? nd 3 ones. What Wh W

3.

qua quati 76 – Complete the equation 176

4.

Now continue e the he process proces tto complete the following.

=

(a) 125 – 5 =

(b) 166 – 14 =

35 – 21 = (c) 235

(d) 363 – 101 =

69 – 55 = (e) 469

(f) 785 – 325 =

(g) 888 – 456 =

(h) 682 – 431 =

21

At Home Fill in the blanks. Subtract.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a) 432 – 11 =

–

(c) 605 – 103 =

–

(e) 818 – 508 =

–

(g) g) 668 68 – 461 =

–

22

(b) 768 – 55 =

–

(d) d) 758 8 – 644 =

–

(f) 983 – 911 =

–

(h) 579 – 227 =

–

Subtract. Show your working. (a) 133 – 22 =

(b) 468 – 53 =

–

–

(c) 726 – 315 =

(d) d) 783 – 161 16 =

–

–

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

(e) 295 – 251 =

–

85 – 472 = (g)) 585

–

(f) 596 – 372 =

–

(h) 991 – 680 =

–

23

794 – 191 =

(j)

687 – 341 =

Re ga le du ca tio n

(i)

–

(k) 977 – 474 =

–

(m) 587 – 237 =

24

–

(l)

855 55 – 141 =

–

(n) 966 – 634 =

–

–

51 – 731 73 = (o) 851

(p) 499 – 437 =

–

–

Solve It! Ethan left his Mathematics notebook outside.

Rain has washed away some of the numbers.

Write the missing numbers. (a)

4 4 4 – 2 4 1 2 0 3

(b)

6 4 1 – 4 1 1 2 3 0

(c)

6 9 4 – 3 3 2 3 6 2

(d)

7 8 6 – 1 4 2 6 4 4

(e)

9 5 8 – 2 4 6 7 1 2

(f) (f)

7 9 4 – 1 5 1 6 4 3

(g)

8 0 8 – 3 0 5 5 0 3

(h)

3 6 9 – 1 2 8 2 4 1

(i)

9 9 9 – 7 8 7 2 1 2

(j)

7 9 2 – 2 7 2 5 2 0 25

Subtraction With Regrouping

Re ga le du ca tio n

Remember This!

Subtract 25 from 52.

Tens

Ones

Tens ns Ones

5 2

–

2 5

We cannot subtract 5 ones from 2 ones. es.

Regroup 1 ten into 10 ones.

Tens

Ones

Tens Ones

4

–

5 2

12 2

5 7

12 ones – 5 ones es = 7 ones.

Subtract the e tens. ns.

Tens

Ones O

Tens Ones

4

–

4 tenss – 2 tens = 2 tens.

52 – 25 = 27

26

5 2

12 2

2

7

5

Have a Go!

Re ga le du ca tio n

Fill in the blanks. (a) 23 – 16 =

–

(c) 87 – 59 =

–

(e) 63 – 35 =

–

(g) 81 – 48 8=

–

(b) 56 – 38 =

–

(d) 43 – 17 =

–

(f) 94 – 78 =

–

(h) 64 – 27 =

–

27

Let’s Learn

Re ga le du ca tio n

dren n visited 252 children visited the zoo on Saturday. 36 fewer children oo on n Sunday?

Sunday the zoo on Sunday. How many children visited the zoo Let’s subtract 36 from 252.

Hundreds

Tens

Ones

H

T

O

2

5 3

2 6

–

Subtract ract the ones.

Regroup 1 tten as 10 ones.

12 on one ones – 6 ones = 6 ones

Hundreds

Tens

H

Ones

2

T

4

–

5 3

O 12

2 6 6

Subtract the tens.

4 tens – 3 tens = 1 ten H

2

Hundreds

Tens

Ones

T

4

–

5 3 1

O 12

2 6 6

Subtract the hundreds.

2 hundreds – 0 hundreds = 2 hundreds H

2

252 – 36 = 216 n visited v 216 children the zoo on Sunday.

28

–

2

T

4

5 3 1

O 12

2 6 6

Find 328 – 284.

Tens

Ones

H

T

O

3 – 2

2 8

8 4

Re ga le du ca tio n

Hundreds

Subtract ct the ones. ess – 4 ones = 4 ones 8 ones

Hundreds

Tens

H

T

O

3 – 2

2 8

8 4 4

Ones

Subtract the tens.

Subtrac Regroup 1 hundred as 10 tens.

Reg Regro 12 ttens – 8 tens = 4 tens H

2

3 – 2

Hundreds eds

Tens Te

Ones

T

O

2 8 4

8 4 4

12

Subtract the hundreds.

2 hundreds – 2 hundreds = 0 hundreds H

2

3 – 2

12

T

O

2 8 4

8 4 4

328 – 284 = 44 29

Find 432 – 269.

Tens

nes.

Ones Subtract the ones.

Regroup 1 ten n ass 10 ones. ones one o 12 ones – 9 ones = 3 ones

Re ga le du ca tio n

Hundreds

H

4 – 2

Hundreds

Tens

T

2

3 6

O 12

2 9 3

Ones Subtract the tens.

Regroup 1 hundred as 10 tens.

Regrou tens – 6 tens = 6 tens 12 te ten H

3

4 – 2

T

12

3 6 6

O

12

2 9 3

Subtract the hundreds.

3 hundreds – 2 hundreds = 1 hundred H

3

Hundreds reds

Tens

Ones

4 – 2 1

T

12

3 6 6

O

12

432 – 269 = 163 30

2 9 3

Find 300 – 163.

Tens

dred d as a 10 Ones Regroup 1 hundred tens. Then regroup egroup oup 1 ten es. as ten ones.

Re ga le du ca tio n

Hundreds

H

2

3 – 1

Hundreds

Tens

T

9

H

3 – 1

Tens T

0 3 7

Subtract the tens.

Ones Sub 9 tens – 6 tens = 3 tens 2

Hundreds eds

0 6

O 110

T

9

0 6 3

O 10

0 3 7

Ones Subtract the hundreds.

2 hundreds – 1 hundred = 1 hundred H

2

3 – 1 1

T

9

0 6 3

O 10

0 3 7

300 – 163 = 137 31

Let’s Practice Cross out and subtract.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

Hundreds

Tens

Ones

4

3 1

3 7

–

5 1

7 3

4 6

–

5 2

2 6

8 4

–

(b)

(c)

32

Hundreds

Hundreds ds

Tens

Tens T

Ones

Ones

Hundreds

Tens

Ones

Re ga le du ca tio n

(d)

(e)

Hundreds

Tens ns

–

7 2

3 5

4 6

–

5 3

0 5

6 8

Ones O

33

2.

Subtract. (a)

7 5

7 9

(b)

2 4

8 5

(d)

1 5

6 6

(f)

–

7 2

2 1

8 9

(h)

–

8 6

3 5

4 7

(j)

–

8 5

4 7

5 9

(l)

–

9 6

2

9 7

1 3

–

4 1

9 5

6 8

–

8 5

8 1

3 9

–

6 1

1 3

3 6

–

5 1

0 9

0 6

–

8 3

6 6

7 8

Re ga le du ca tio n

1

–

(c)

5

–

(e)

(g)

(i)

(k) k)

34

–

Subtract. (a) 253 – 27 =

(b) 482 – 66 6=

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

2

–

5 2

3 7

(c) 466 – 229 = –

4 2

–

6 2

6 9

–

(i)

0 2

7 8

–

–

7 1

6 8

5 4

2

–

5 7

5 8

(h) 921 – 573 =

5 7

2 6

854 – 668 = 8 6

2 6

(f) ( 255 – 78 =

(g) 752 – 176 6= 7 1

–

8 6

(d) 765 – 184 18 =

(e) 807 – 428 = 8 4

4

–

(j)

5 6

4 8

–

9 5

2 7

1 3

912 – 683 = 9 6

1 8

2 3

35

Hands On

Re ga

on

Work in pairs.

Use place value disks and base-ten blocks to help you ou subtract. ubtra

36

10

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

100 0

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

1.

Place number disks in the chart to show 224.

Tens

Ones es

Re ga le du ca tio n

Hundreds

2.

Take away 38 by firstt exchanging xchanging 1 ten for 10 ones and 1 hundred for 10 tens.

3.

Complete the equation 224 qua quati 24 –

4.

Now continue e the he process proces tto complete the following.

=

(a) 115 – 9 =

(b) 230 – 28 =

26 – 14 141 = (c) 326

(d) 427 – 208 =

(e) 581 81 – 126 =

(f) 723 – 346 =

(g) 834 – 745 =

(h) 921 – 545 =

37

At Home Fill in the blanks. Subtract.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a) 172 – 91 =

–

(c) 364 – 193 =

–

(e) 700 – 561 =

–

(g) g) 653 53 – 578 =

–

38

(b) 663 – 136 36 =

–

(d) 772 – 185 =

–

(f) 902 – 511 =

–

(h) 946 – 769 =

–

Subtract. Show your working. (a) 744 – 427 =

(b) 166 – 79 =

–

–

(c) 482 – 159 =

(d) d) 605 – 162 16 =

–

–

(e) 864 – 271 =

(f) 936 – 376 =

–

–

g) 522 22 – 178 = (g)

(h) 574 – 288 =

–

–

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

39

758 – 459 =

(j)

631 – 371 =

Re ga le du ca tio n

(i)

–

(k) 914 – 475 =

–

(m) 722 – 174 =

40

–

(l))

588 – 399 =

–

(n) 906 – 638 =

–

–

70 – 288 = (o) 470

(p) 817 – 549 =

–

–

Solve It! Ethan left his mathematics notebook outside again!

Rain has washed away some of the numbers.

Write the missing numbers. (a)

7 2 1 – 2 4 1 4 8 0

(b)

6 0 4 – 1 8 2 4 2 2

(c)

4 9 4 – 1 9 5 2 9 9

(d) (d)

7 1 1 – 1 3 6 5 7 5

(e)

9 0 8 – 7 4 9 1 5 9

(f) (

3 4 – 1 5 5 1 6

(g)

8 0 0 – 6 1 9 1 8 1

(h)

9 6 3 – 1 6 6 7 9 7

(i) ( i)

4 1 5 – 2 8 7 1 2 8

(j)

7 7 4 – 2 7 9 4 9 5 41

Looking Back Complete the equations.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

2.

3.

(a) 500 – 200 =

(b) 900 – 800 =

(c) 400 – 100 =

(d) 600 – 500 =

(e) 800 – 600 =

(f) 700 00 0 – 700 =

Complete the equations. (a) 114 – 10 =

(b) b) 575 – 40 =

(c) 866 – 20 =

(d) 964 – 50 =

(e) 693 – 40 =

(f) 781 7 – 30 = 78

Subtract.

(a)

7

–

(c)

–

6 3

8 4

8 6

(b)

7 5

7 2

(d)

(e) 798 – 553 = –

42

7 5

–

8 2

1 1

9 3

–

6 5

0 0

8 6

3 3

8 3

(f) 938 – 433 =

9 5

8 3

–

9 4

(h) 994 - 403 =

Re ga le du ca tio n

(g) 786 – 276 =

-

4.

-

Subtract.

(a)

1 6

2 2

(b))

–

6 1

4 7

2 8

(d)

–

7 2

(c)

(e) 858 – 519 = –

8 5

(g)) 912 2 – 467 =

–

–

6 2

6 8

8 8

–

9 5

0 9

5 6

2 7

5 8

(f) 525 – 178 =

5 1

8 9

–

5 1

(h) 784 – 595 =

–

43

Word Problems

Re ga le du ca tio n

6

1-Step Word Problems Let’s Learn

Mr. Lee picked 268 strawberries and 126 mangoes. ngoes. oes.

How many fruits did Mr. Lee pick in all?

268

126

Strawberries

Mangoes Mango

+

?

H

T

O

2 1 3

6 2 9

8 6 4

268 + 126 = 394 Mr. Lee picked 394 fruits ruit in all.

365 people attended on Friday. ded d a concert conce conc ple attended the th c 297 more people concert on Saturday than Friday.

How many people eople attended attende the th concert on Saturday?

365 5

297

People ple on Friday

H

1

People on Saturday P

?

365 + 297 97 = 662 97 66 662 people attended the concert on Saturday.

44

+

3 2 6

1

T

O

6 9 6

5 7 2

n

ed uc at

Mrs. Jones and Mrs. Jenkins baked 612 cupcakes.

Mrs. Jones baked 349 of the cupcakes.

How many cupcakes did Mrs. Jenkins bake?

612

H

5

Mrs. Jones’ cupcakes

Mrs. Jenkins’ cupcakes upcakes

349

?

6 – 3 2

T 10

1 4 6

O 12

2 9 3

612 – 349 = 263 Mrs. Jenkins baked 263 cupcakes. cakes. es.

Re ga

Joe sold 982 chicken nuggets gets on n Monday.

Monda en nuggets on Tuesday.

He sold 438 fewer chicken getss did Joe Jo sell on Tuesday?

How many chicken nuggets

982 982

Sold S old on Monday

Tuesday Sold on Tue

?

H

9 – 4 5 438 fewer chicken nuggets

T 7

8 3 4

O 12

2 8 4

982 – 438 38 = 544 5 Joe sold 544 4 chicken nuggets on Tuesday.

45

Let’s Practice For a school read-a-thon, the children in Year 2 read ad 291 books. book The children in Year 3 read 347 books. d Year ear 3 read How many books did the children in Year 2 and in all?

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Year 2 books read

Year 3 books read

=

The children in Year 2 and d Year ear 3 read

2.

On Jacksonville Farm m there here are 437 43 sheep.

There are 374 more e cows ws than sheep. s How many cows are Farm? a on n Jacksonville Jackso

Sheep eep

Cows

=

There here are

46

cows on Jacksonville Farm.

books in all.

Dominic scored 375 points in the school bowling competition. p Blake scored 193 more points than Dominic.

How many points did Blake score?

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

Dominic’s score

Blake’s score

=

Blake scored

4.

points.

Ethan has a collection of 439 39 marbles. marble nother her 557 ma Jordan gives him another marbles.

How many marbless does es Ethan have now?

Ethan’s marbles es

Marb Marbles from Jordan

=

Ethan has

marbles now.

47

At Home There are 572 penguins on an island.

196 penguins swim away.

How many penguins are left on the island?

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Penguins on island

im away Swim

Penguins left

=

There are

2.

penguins uins left eft on the island.

A bakery sold 876 bread ead d rolls on o Wednesday. brea br olls on Thursday.

It sold 498 fewerr bread rolls ead d rolls did d the bakery sell on Thursday?

How many bread

Sold on o Wednesday

Sold on Thursday

=

The bakery k sold 48

bread rolls on Thursday.

A total of 951 vehicles passed through a toll booth.

712 of the vehicles were cars. The rest were trucks.

How many trucks passed through the toll booth?

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

Cars

Trucks

=

trucks passed through the toll oll booth.

4.

On Friday, Farmer Joe picked strawberries. cked ed 612 straw He picked 365 strawberries He picked the rest rries in the morning. mo m of the strawberries in the afternoon. afternoon fternoon How many strawberries Joe pick in the afternoon? rriess did Farmer Farm Fa

Morning ing

Afternoon

=

Farmer Farmer Joe picked pick p

strawberries in the afternoon.

49

2-Step Word Problems

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

In grade 2, there are 56 boys and 48 girls.

In grade 3, there are 29 more children than in Year ear 2. ea How many children are in grade 2?

How many children are in grade 3?

First, find how many children are in grade 2.

Step 1

H

56

48

Boys in grade 2

Girls in grade 2

1

+

1

T

O

5 4 0

6 8 4

T

O

0 2 3

4 9 3

?

56 + 48 = 104 There are 104 children in grade ade 2.

we can find the number Now, w children in grade 3. of chi

Step 2

104

29

H

Children in gr grade 2

Children in grade 3

?

104 + 29 9 = 133 There are 133 children in grade 3.

50

1

+

1

1

Re ga le du c

on

On Healesville Farm there are 629 animals.

437 animals are cows.

The rest of the animals are sheep. alesville ille Farm?

How many more cows than sheep are there on Healesville

Step 1

629

Cows

H 5

Sheep She

437

–

?

6 4 1

T

O

2 3 9

9 7 2

T

O

3 9 4

7 2 5

12

629 – 437 = 192 e 192 sheep sh s We know there are on Healesville Farm.

Step 2

437 37

Co Cows

Sheep heep

192 2

H 3

4 – 1 2

13

?

437 – 19 192 = 245 There more cows than sheep on Healesville Farm. e are 245 m

51

Re ga le du

on

On Saturday, 291 boys and 347 girls visited Central Park.

On Sunday, 175 fewer people visited Central Park than on Saturday.

Satu atu How many people visited Central Park on Saturday?

How many people visited Central Park on Sunday?

Step 1

291

347

Boys on Saturday

Girls on Saturday Satu

1

+

H

T

O

2 3 6

9 4 3

1 7 8

T

O

3 7 6

8 5 3

?

291 + 347 = 638 ed Central Park Pa on Saturday.

638 people visited Step 2

638

Satu Saturday

Sunday Sun

?

175

463 people Central Park on Sunday. eople visited visi

52

H 5

6 – 1 4

13

Let’s Practice Ethan has 187 marbles. Blake has 203 more marbles es than han Ethan.

Eth How many marbles does Blake have? y marbles do Ethan and Blake have in all?

How many

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Ethan’s marbles

Blake’s marbles es

=

Blake has

marbles marbles.

Ethan’s n’s marbles

Blake’s marbles

=

Ethan and Blake have

marbles in all.

53

On a farm there are 896 lemon and lime trees in all.

There are 358 lime trees.

How many lemon trees are on the farm? y more lemon trees than lime trees are re there? ere?

How many

Re ga le du ca

on

2.

Lime trees

Lemon trees es

=

There are

lemon e trees on o the farm.

Lime e trees

Lemon Lemo trees

=

There ere are ere

54

more lemon trees than lime trees.

A train with 3 carriages is carrying 544 people.

There are 157 people in carriage A. There are 148 people in carriage B. How many people are in carriage A and B in all??

How many people are in carriage C? B

C

Re ga le du ca

A

ion

3.

Carriage A

Carriage B

=

There are

Carriage A

people peop in carriage ca A and B in all.

Carriage B Carria

Carriage C

=

There Ther are

people in carriage C.

55

At Home Mrs. Franklin needs 625 strawberries to bake some e tarts. rts.

She has 217 strawberries at home.

How many more strawberries does Mrs. Franklin klin need? re will she s If she buys 250 strawberries, how many more still need?

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Strawberries needed

Mrs. Franklin’s strawberries

=

Mrs. Franklin needs

more strawberries. str

Strawberrie Strawberries needed

Strawberries wberries bought bou

=

Mrs. Mrs Franklin still needs

56

more strawberries.

288 children visited the circus on Saturday.

397 children visited the circus on Sunday.

Only 185 children visited the circus on Monday. ekend? d?

How many children visited the circus on the weekend?

How many fewer children visited the circus on n Monday onday than the weekend?

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

Saturday

Sunday

=

children visited the circus on the weekend.

Weeken Weekend

Monday

=

fewer ch fewe children visited the circus on Monday than the weekend. weekend

57

Shapes

2-Dimensional Shapes Anchor Task

58

on

7

Interesting Shapes! s!

n

Find interesting shapes in old magazines.

Cut them out and paste below.

Can you describe how the shapes look?

59

Let’s Learn

Re ga le du ca tio n

These are two-dimensional shapes.

In what ways are the shapes different?

triangle

circle

trapezoid trapezo

60

square

pentagon ntag t

rectangle rec

hexagon

parallelogram

Re ga le du ca tio n

Triangles have 3 straight sides and 3 angles.

side

angle

Squares, rectangles, trapezoids and parallelograms llelograms ograms are quadrilaterals. A quadrilateral has 4 straight aight sides and 4 angles.

side

angle gle

side de

angle an

Circles are round ound d in shape. shape They Th do not have sides or angles.

61

Re ga le du ca tio n

Compare the pentagon and hexagon below.

In what ways are they different?

Pentagons have 5 straight sides and 5 angles. s.

angle

side

Hexagons have 6 straight raig sides raigh es and an 6 angles. side side sid

angle an

62

Let’s Practice

Re ga le du ca tio n

1. Trace the shapes and match.

circle cle

hexagon h

square

parallelogram

trapezoid

pentagon

triangle

rectangle

63

2.

Name the shape. Color the same shapes.

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a)

(b)

(c)

64

Re ga le du ca tio n (d)

(e)

(f)

65

Re ga le du ca tio n (g)

(h)

66

Draw each shape. Fill in the blanks. (a) Rectangle

ed uc ati on

3.

es sides

ang angles gles

(b) Circle

ssides si

angles

(c) Trapezoid

sides

Re g

angles (d) Pentagon entagon

sides angles

67

du ca tio n

(e) Triangle

sides

gles gles angles

(f)

Hexagon

sides

angles a

(g) Parallelogram

Re ga

sides angles

(h) Square quare re

68

sides angles

Fill in the blanks. (a)

ed uc ati on

4.

Shape: Sides:

(b)

Angles:

ape: Shape: Sides: Sides

(c)

Angles:

Re ga

Shape: Sides: S

Angles:

(d)

Shape: Sides:

Angles:

69

Re ga le du ca tio n

(e) Shape: Sides:

Angles: es:

(f)

e: Shape: Sides: des:

Angles:

(g)

Shape: Sides:

Angles:

(h)

Shape: Sides:

70

Angles:

Hands On Describe one of the shapes below to your partner. r.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

T shape has 5 This Thi sides siide and 5 angles.

2.

Have your partner tner er draw dra the shape you describe.

Is it a pentagon??

Yes!

3.

If your draws the correct shape, change roles. ur partner pa

71

Take 12 toothpicks.

ed uc a ti on

Solve It!

Make as many as you can of the shapes you have learned without crossing or breaking a toothpick.

We made a le with 6 triangle toothpicks!

eg

Draw them here and name them. m.

Can you make at least 4?

72

At Home Complete the table.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Shape

Name

Number of Number of Sides Angles Ang

73

3-Dimensional Shapes

ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

These are three-dimensional shapes.

How can you describe the shapes?

rectangular prism ectangular angular pr p (cuboid) (cuboid bo

cube

sphere

cone con

cylinder

3-D D shap shapes can be different in the number of faces, edges and vertices they have.

A face is a flat surface.

An edge is where 2 faces meet.

A vertex is where 3 or more edges meet.

74

Re ga le du ca tio n

Characteristics of a cube: • 6 square faces of equal size • 12 edges • 8 vertices face

edge

vertex

Characteristics of a rectangular ar prism sm (cuboid): (cubo • 6 rectangular faces • 12 edges • 8 vertices ace face

dge edge

ver verte vertex

Characteristics sticss of a sphere: sphe • 1 curved surface ac • 0 faces • 0 edges ges • 0 vertices ertices

curved surface c

75

Re ga le du ca tio n

Characteristics of a cone: • 1 curved surface • 1 face • 1 edge • 1 vertex face edge

curved surface

vertex

Characteristics of a cylinder: • 1 curved surface • 2 faces • 2 edges • 0 vertices face ce

surface curved sur surfac

edge

76

1.

Circle the correct shapes.

This shape has 1 curved surface and no faces.

Re ga le du c

a) (a)

tio n

Let’s Practice

(b))

This shape faces ape has 2 fa and a curved su surface.

c) (c)

This shape has 6 faces and 8 vertices.

77

(d))

Re ga le du ca tio n

This shape has 1 curved surface and 1 face.

(e))

This shape hass 6 faces of equal al size.

(f)

Both of these shapes have 12 edges and 8 vertices.

78

Re ga le du ca tio n 2.

Match.

79

Play this game in groups of 3 or 4.

Place different 3-D shapes on your table. e number of faces, ffa One player describes a shape by saying the edges and vertices.

D shape This 3-D hass 2 faces.

Re ga le

1.

2.

3.

The first player to pick shape is the winner and pic the p e correct cor shape shap describes the nextt shape.

It’s a cylinder!

80

ati on

Hands On

At Home

Re ga le du ca tio n

Complete the table.

C

A

B

D

E

3-D Shape

umb of Number Faces

Number of Edges

Number of Vertices

A B

C

D E

81

Area of Shapes

le du ca tio n

Anchor Task

Materials Square tiles - 24 per partner er

Make arrays! You don’t have ve to use all the tiles.

Arrange them in different ways to make different shapes.

How many tiles are in each shape?

Work with your partner to find how many. h ma

Can you use the same number and make mber of tiles each ea e different shapes?

Record your shapes on this and write how many tiles his grid paper, pap pa you each used.

82

Let’s Learn

A

le du ca tio n

Ethan drew some rectangles on a piece of grid paper.r.

B

C

D

1

= 1 square unit

nitss a shape shap takes up is called its area.

The number of square units

R

Let’s ffi find the area of ea each shape.

The area of sh shape A is 6 square units.

The shape B is 8 square units. e area of sha The area shape C is 9 square units. ea o of sh The area off shape D is 16 square units.

83

Let’s Practice Find the area of the tiles.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

1

= 1 tile

(a)

Area =

tiles

Area =

tiles

Area =

tile tiles

Area ea =

tiles

(b)

(c)

(d)

84

Find the area of the shapes.

1

= 1 square unit

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

(a)

Area =

square units

(b)

Area =

square uare units

Area a=

ssquare units

(c)

(d)

Area =

square units

(e)

Area =

square units

85

Re ga le du ca tio n

(f)

Area =

square units nits

(g)

Area =

square units

(h)

Area =

86

square units

1.

Find the area of the shapes.

1

= 1 square unit

B A

ati on

At Home

C

Re ga le du

D

Shape

E

Area A

A

square units

B

square units

C

square units

D

square units

E

square units

87

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Draw a shape with an area of 6 square units. Color it red.

Draw a shape with an area of 9 square units. Color olorr it blue. bl s. Color olor it gree Draw a shape with an area of 12 square units. green. nits. Color it pink. pin p Draw a shape with an area of 15 square units. = 1 square unit

Re g

1

88

tio n

2.

Solve It!

ga le du ca tio n

Michelle used 6 square tiles to make the rectangle shown. own.. own.

Keira used 6 triangle tiles to make the rectangle shown.

Michelle thinks her rectangle area than Keira’s. angle le has a larger la Keira thinks her rectangle has an as the same area as Michelle’s because they both h used 6 tiles. t Who is correct? ct? Explain xplain how you yo know.

89

Anchor Task

90

n

Halves, Thirds and Quarters

91

Let’s Learn

Re ga le du ca tio n

We can divide shapes into equal parts. n the We know a shape has equal parts when each part within shape is the same shape and size.

These shapes have equal parts.

The shapes below have or two halves. e two o equal parts p Each part is one halff o of the whole shape.

92

Re ga le du ca tio n

The following shapes have three equal parts or three thirds.

Each part is one third of the whole shape.

The shapes below have four equal ual parts or four fourths.

Each part is one fourth of the whole shape. sha A fourth is also called a quarter.

93

Let’s Practice Tick the shapes that are divided into equal parts.

Cross the shapes that are divided into unequal parts.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

94

(a)

(b)

( (c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h (h)

(i)

How is each shape divided into equal parts?

Use the words ‘two halves’, ‘three thirds’ or ‘four quarters’. arters’. ers .

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g))

(h)

95

3.

Draw a line to divide each shape into halves. (b)

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a)

96

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

4.

Draw lines to divide each shape into thirds. (b)

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a)

(c)

5.

(d) d)

Draw lines to divide each into quarters. ch shape int (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

97

At Home Show a different way to divide the shapes into the e same me number of equal parts. Complete the sentence.

du ca tio n

1.

(a)

The shapes are divided into nto

.

The shapes apes es are divided divid ded into

.

Re ga

(b)

(c)

The shapes are divided into T

98

.

ca t

(d)

The shapes are divided into

.

ess are arre divided div d into d The shapes

.

Re ga l

(e)

(f)

T shapes are divided into The

.

99

2.

Draw lines to make equal parts. Color.

uc

n

(a) Divide the shapes into two halves. Color one half. alf.

(b) Divide the shapes into three ee thirds. hirds. Color one third.

(c) Divide de the he shapes into four quarters. Color one quarter.

100

Solve It! Ethan shares a sandwich equally with his brother. (a) Draw a line to show how Ethan should cut the sandwich.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(b) How much of the sandwich does Ethan’s n n’s brother get?

2.

A cake is shared equally between three friends. ut the e cake. (a) Draw lines to show how to cut

ake does doe each friend get? (b) How much of the cake

3.

are a pizza equally. e Four friendss share (a) Draw lines to show how to cut the pizza.

(b) b) How Ho m much of the pizza does each friend get?

1 01

Looking Back Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

Shape: Sides:

(b)

Shape: Sides:

(c)

Angles:

Shape: Sides:

1 02

Angles:

Shape: S Sides:

(f)

Angles: A

Shape: ape: Sides: Sid Sides

(e)

Angles: ng

Shape: ape: e: Sides::

(d)

Angles:

Angles:

2.

Fill in the blanks.

3-D Shape:

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a)

Faces:

Edges:

V Vertices: ertices:

Edges: dges

Vertices:

Edges:

Vertices:

Edges:

Vertices:

Edges:

Vertices:

(b)

3-D Shape: Faces:

(c)

3-D D Shape: hape: Faces: ces:

(d)

3-D Sha Shape: Faces: F Face

(e))

3-D Shape: Faces:

1 03

3.

Find the area of the shapes. = 1 square unit

Re ga le du ca tio n

1

(a)

Area =

square re e units

(b)

Area =

square unit units un

(c)

Ar = Area

square units

(d)

Area =

square units

(e)

Area =

104

square units

How is each shape divided into equal parts?

Use the words ‘two halves’, ‘three thirds’ or ‘four quarters’. arters’. ers .

Re ga le du ca tio n

4.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) d)

(e)

(f)

(g))

(h)

1 05

Time

Anchor Task

Each pair receives a clock.

Set a time and show it to your partner.

Your partner says the time and acts out an activity they do at that time.

Guess the activity. If your guess is correct, orrect, ct, switch turns.

106

on

8

1 07

Telling Time to 5 Minutes

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

What time is shown on the clock?

When the minute hand moves from have rom 12 to 1, 5 minutes m passed.

So the time on the clock is 5 minutes nutes after 12 o’clock.

We can write the time as 12:05.

12:05 05..

We read the time as ‘twelve welve ve o’five o’five’.

It takes the minute hand han 5 minutes nute t to move to the next number.

We can tell the time on in 5s. me by y counting count cou 5, 10, 15, 20, 25

The time is 12:25.

It takes the hand 60 minutes to move once around the clock. the minute m There are 60 6 minutes in 1 hour.

108

du ca tio n

Jordan starts eating g breakfast at 7:10.

ga l

He finishes breakfast at 7:35.

Jordan walks to school chool at 7:50.

7:50 7

1 09

10 minutes after 8 o’clock

Re ga le du ca to n

5 minutes after 8 o’clock o

eight o’five

8:05

ht ten en eight

8:10

15 minutes after 8 o’clock o

20 minutes minutes after 8 o’clock o

8 eight fifteen 8:15 (or quarter past eight) ight)

eight twenty

25 minutes after er 8 o’clock o’cloc

30 minutes after 8 o’clock

eight twenty-five wenty-f wen

eight thirty (or half past eight)

110

8:25

8:20

8:30

40 minutes after 8 o’clock

Re ga le du ca tio n

35 minutes after 8 o’clock

eight thirty-five

8:35

orty eightt forty

8:40

45 minutes after 8 o’clock

a 50 minutes after 8 o’clock

eight forty-five (or quarter to nine))

eight fifty

8:45

8:50

55 minutes after fter 8 o’clock

60 minutes after 8 o’clock

eight fifty-five fifty-

nine o’clock

8:55

9:00

111

Make a working clock!

ati on

Hands On

Materials • Cardstock blank clock face template • Paper fasteners • Cardstock arrows — one long, one shorter

112

Hands On

tio n

I Spy Clock Times! om with Your teacher has placed clock faces around the room ock k and fill different times on them. Write the time on each clock in the blanks. ck B Clock

Re ga le du c

ock A Clock

In 5 minutes time it will be

:

.

IIn 35 minutes time it will be

ock C Clock

:

.

ck D Clock

In 25 minutes minute time it min

In 45 minutes time it

will ill be b

will be

:

.

:

.

1 13

Let’s Practice Match.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

9:05

11:25

8:45

9:25

8:35

114

Match.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

nty-five six twenty-five

eleven fifty-five fift fi

six ten

quarter to ten

quarter past six

ten forty

eleven o’five

1 15

3.

Tick the clock that shows the correct time.

ed uc ati on

(a) The train leaves the station at 9:35.

Re g

(b) It starts to rain a att 11:50.

50.

50

116

ed u

tio n

(c) Sophie has lunch with her friend at twelve twenty-five.

Re g

(d) The boat leavess the quarter past six. e pier at a q

1 17

4.

Write the times. (b)

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a)

minutes after

The time is

minutes after minute

.

The time is

(d)

(c)

minutes after

minutes es after aft

The time e is

The time is

.

(e)

.

(f)

minutes after m

The e time is

118

.

.

minutes after

The time is

.

(h)

Re ga le du ca tio n

(g)

minutes nutes after afte

minutes after

The time is

The he e time is

.

(i)

.

(j)

minutes after

The time is

minutes after

.

(k)

The time is

.

(l)

minutes nutes tes after

The time ime e is

minutes after

.

(m)

The time is

.

(n)

minutes after min

The Th time tim is

.

minutes after

The time is

.

1 19

Write the times on the digital clocks. (a)

(b)

(c)

(d))

(e)

(f)

Re ga le du ca tio n

5.

120

(h)

Re ga le du ca tio n

(g)

(i)

(j)

(k)

(l)

121

Draw the times on the analog clocks. (b)

Re ga le du ca

(a))

on

6.

122

(c))

(d) (d

(e))

(f)

(h)

Re ga le du ca tio n

g) (g)

(i)

(j)

(k) k)

(l)

123

At Home Tick the clock that shows the correct time.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a) Ethan arrives at school at 8:20.

(b) Jordan finishes hiss homework at 4:15. homewo homew

1 24

ed uc ati on

(c) Chelsea goes to sleep at nine o’five.

Re g

(d) Keira brushes her teeth at seven thirty-five.

125

2.

Write the times. (b)

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a)

minutes after

The time is

minutes after minute

.

The time is

(d)

(c)

minutes es after a

The time e is

minutes after

.

(e)

The time is

.

(f)

minutes after m

The e time is

1 26

.

.

minutes after

The time is

.

3.

Draw the times on the analog clocks. (b)

Re ga le du ca

ion

a) (a)

(c))

(d)

(e))

(f)

127

1.

Wyatt looked at the clock.

What time did he say it was?

2.

Dominic went fishing.

When he came back, he 35. saw that the clock showed 2:35.

ati on

Solve It!

Re ga le d

(a) Draw the hands on the clock oc ock s. to show what time it was.

(b) If it took an hour ook him half a ho to unpack all his fishing supplies, what Write and draw the time. at time me did he finish? fini

1 28

What time is three-quarters of an hour after 11:15?

4.

Halle knew her washer took 45 minutes to wash a load.

If she left her washing at 9:10, nish sh? what time will the machine finish?

Re ga le

ati on

3.

5.

Ethan counted ounted ed 3 sets of o 5 minutes after his breakfast at 8:05.

What time e did he stop sto counting? c

129

Anchor Task

n

Telling Time in a.m. and p.m.

The pictures show Riley’s daily activities.

Guess the time each photograph is taken. ccur cur after? aft fte er? r?

Which activities occur before noon? Which occur

1 30

1 31

12 o’clock at night is also called midnight.

12 o’clock in the day is called midday or noon.

We use a.m. for times between midnight and just before midday.

Re ga

7:15 a.m.

132

du c

5a a.m. m 10:45

on

Let’s Learn

midnight midnigh htt h

ca tio n

We use p.m. for times between just after midday and just before midnight.

midday

R

2:50 p.m.

2:

7:25 p.m.

7

1 33

Let’s Practice Write the time using a.m. or p.m.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

Dominic wakes up at

.

(b)

Dominic c eats ats lunch with w his friend at

.

(c)

Dominic visits the zoo at om

1 34

.

Re ga le du ca ti

(d)

ol at Michelle walks home from school

.

(e)

Michelle learns at arns rns English E En

.

(f)

Michelle gazes at the stars at Mich

.

1 35

Blake goes hiking at (h)

ca tio n

(g)

Re ga l

Jordan goes swimming at oes swimmin swimm

.

.

(i)

Ethan than looks at the moon at

1 36

.

2.

Use ‘a.m.’ or ‘p.m.’ to fill in the blanks. .

Re ga le du ca tio n

5 (a) Sophie does her homework after dinner at 7:25

(b) On Saturday mornings Blake goes for a jog g att 9:15 .

(c) School starts at 8:10

(d) School finishes at 2:45

.

.

(e) Halle eats breakfast at 7:35

.

(f) Jordan has lunch at 12:05

(g) On Saturdays Ethan plays football 3:20 tball at 3:2

3.

.

.

Use ‘a.m.’ or ‘p.m.’ to tell the time you do each activity. (a) I wake up at

.

e k at (b) I do my homework

.

(c) I get to school hool at h at (d) I have lunch

.

.

ave school at (e) I leave

.

(f) I eat at breakfast a at

g) I go to to sleep sle at a (g)

.

.

1 37

At Home Write the time using a.m. or p.m.

du ca tio n

1.

(a)

Sophie practices the piano at

Re ga l

(b)

Michelle does at e do oes her homework home ho

(c)

Ha is asleep at Halle

1 38

.

.

.

Re ga le du ca tio n

(d)

Keira visits her grandmother every ery Sunday day att

.

(e)

Keira packs cks her lunch lunc for school at

.

(f) f)

Sophie ph arrives at school at

.

1 39

uc ati on

(g)

Jordan reads with his motherr at

Re ga

(h)

.

e has as soccer p pract Blake practice at

2.

.

Use ‘a.m.’ a.m.’ or ‘p.m.’ to fill fil in the blanks. a) Jordan Jo ordan chats with w friends after school at 4:05 (a) opens at 6:30 (b) The bakery (b bak (c) Mr. Simp Simpson has lunch at 12:20

. .

he p (d) The postman delivered a letter at 11:30

1 40

.

.

Looking Back Write the times on the digital clocks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

(b)

c) (c)

(d))

(e)

(f) f)

1 41

2.

Write the times. (b)

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a)

minutes after

The time is

minutes after minute

.

The time is

(d)

(c)

minutes es after a

The time e is

minutes after

.

(e)

The time is

.

(f)

minutes after m

The e time is

142

.

.

minutes after

The time is

.

(h)

Re ga le du ca tio

(g)

minutes after

The time is

minutes aft after

.

(i)

The T time me is

(j)

minutes after er

The time is

3.

.

.

minutes after

The time is

.

p.m.’.’ to fill in i the blanks.

Use ‘a.m.’ or ‘p.m.’

(a) The pizza izza shop opens ope for f dinner at 5:00

.

e newspaper ne ewspaper is delivered de (b) The at 5:30

.

ominic reads b bo (c) Dominic books in the library at 3:40

.

Halle plays tennis at 10:15 (d) On Saturdays, Saturd Saturdays (e)) Sophie Sophie usually usu goes to bed at 8:45

(f)) The store closes at 6:30 Th department de

.

.

.

1 43

ion

9

Length

Customary Units of Length Anchor Task

1 44

1 45

Let’s Learn

uc ati on

Measuring Length in Inches We can measure the length of small objects in inches. ches. s.

An inch is a unit of length. nch. ch.

The paper clip below has a length of about 1 inch.

The length of the eraser is 2 inches. nches. es.

Re ga le

The length len ength of the scissors inches. scisso sorss is 5 inche es.

1 in

146

We write ‘in’ for inches.

We can also use a measuring tape. e.

Re ga le du ca tio n

We can use a ruler to measure in inches.

The height of the books ook is 10 inches. ooks inche

The length ength of the th shoe is 8 inches.

1 47

1.

Find the length of the objects in inches.

ed uc

inch

tio n

Let’s Practice

inches

R

inches

148

eg al ed uc ati on inches he

inchess

inches

1 49

Estimate the lengths of the crayons in inches.

Then use a ruler to find the actual lengths.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

(a)

Estimate:

inches

Actual length: th:

inches in

Estimate:

inches

Actual ual length: le

inches

Estimate:

inches es

Actual length:

inches

ate: Estimate:

iinches

Actual length:

inches

Estimate: Es

inches

Actual length:

inches

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

150

Find these objects in your classroom.

Estimate the lengths in inches.

Then use a ruler to find the actual lengths.

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

Object

Estimated Length

tual Length Lengt Actual

pencil

notebook

k textbook

scissors

hand span

e eraser

penc case e pencil

1 51

4.

Use a ruler to draw lines.

ed uc ati on

(a) Draw a line AB that is 4 inches in length.

(b) Draw a line CD that is 5 inchess in in length. length. le

Re g

hat iiss 3 inches inch in length. (c) Draw a line EF that

d) D raw a lline i ne G H that is 6 inches in length. (d) Draw GH

1 52

Estimate the length of the strings. Then use a piece of string and a ruler to measure the actual lengths.

G

Re ga le du ca tio n

5.

E

A

I

C

B

D

F

String g

Esti Estimated Length L

H

Actual Length

AB

CD EF

GH IJ

J 153

Hands On

Re ga le d

tio n

Use inch tiles to measure the length of these objects. are.

Then use a ruler to measure the lengths and compare.

Object

length of a pencil case ase

ink bottle height of a drink

length gth of a Math book

height ht of a table

154

I Length in Inch Tiles Til

Measured Length with Ruler

Solve It!

eg al ed uc ati on

Can you work out the length of each line?

inches in

inches

inchess

inches

inches

155

At Home Use an inch ruler to measure the objects.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a))

The length of the candy is

in.

The length of the crayon ayon n is

in. in

(b)

(c)

The length paintbrush is ngth of the paintb pa

in.

(d)

of the pencil is The length le

156

in.

du ca ti

(e)

The length of the watch is

(f)

in. n.

eg

in

in

157

Let’s Learn

uc ati on

Measuring Length in Feet and Yards ard We can measure the length of larger objects in feet. eet.

1 foot is equal to 12 inches.

We write ‘ft’ for feet.

* not to scale

inch

1 ft

T table has a The width of 1 foot.

ga

The table has a height of 2 feet.

1 58

Chelsea is 3 feet tall.

al ed uc ati on

We can also measure the length of larger objects in yards.

1 yard is equal to 36 inches or 3 feet.

We write ‘yd’ for yards.

This is a yardstick.

The car has a length of 4 yards.

R

The car has a height of 2 yards.

Your arm span is ab bout 1 yard. yard about

159

Let’s Practice Write the length of the objects in feet. (a)

The log is about

(c)

160

feet long. g.

al ed

(b)

ca tio n

1.

The shelf is about ut

feet fee long.

The plant is about he p

feet tall.

ed uc ati on

(d)

Ethan is about

Re g

(e)

feett tall.

he cupboard c The is about

feet tall and

feet wide.

1 61

2.

Look around your classroom.

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a) List 3 objects that are shorter than 1 foot.

(b) List 3 objects that are longer than n 1 foot. oot.

(c) List 1 object that is aboutt 2 feet in i length.

(d) List 1 object 3 feet in length. ect that is about abou ab

(e) Listt 1 object that is longer than 3 feet.

1 62

Find these objects in your classroom.

Estimate the lengths in feet.

Then, use a ruler to find the actual lengths.

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

Length

ctual Length Le Estimated Length Actual (feet (feet) (feet)

length of a desk

height of a chair

width of a door

width of a window

nd height of a friend

length of a whiteboard hiteboard

height off a school bag

1 63

4.

Write the length of the objects in yards.

le du ca tio n

(a)

The fence is about (b)

yards wide de and

The length of the e sofa ofa is about abo ab

Re

(c)

about The ca car is a

1 64

yards long.

yards.

yard tall.

du ca tio n

(d)

The park bench has a width of about out

Re ga

(e)

The gir giraffe is about

yards. yard yards

yards tall.

1 65

Solve It! 1

5

al ed uc ati on

objects ec ects Use the numbers in the box to write the length of the objects.

7

6

3

yd

yd

yd

166

on yd yd

1 67

At Home Find these objects around your home. tick or Estimate the lengths in yards. Then use a yardstick measuring tape to find the actual lengths.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Length

length of a bed

length of a bedroom

height of a door

or height of a refrigerator

length of a car

height of a ceiling

width room h of a living ro

168

Estimated Length gth Actual Length L (yards) (yards) (ya

Which is an appropriate unit of measurement?

Write ‘in’ for inches, ‘ft’ for feet or ‘yd’ for yards.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

(a) The length of a car.

(b) The height of a traffic sign. (c) The length of a train.

(d) The length of a book.

(e) The width of a garden.

(f) The height of a banana tree. (g) The length of a banana.

(h) The height of an apartment tment ment block. (i)

The length of a truck. ck.

(j)

The height of a kitten. en.

(k) The width of your yo shoe. hoe. (l)

The length h of a golf club. c

(m) The height eight of a park par bench. be (n) The e height heigh eightt of a fence. fence fe

1 69

Choose an appropriate tool for measurement (ruler, y yardstick or measuring tape). Estimate the length in inches, feet eet or yards. y

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

Length

height of a rubbish bin

height of a desk

width of a classroom

width of a whiteboard

height of a teacher

length of a desk sk

width of a textbook

170

Tool for Measurement

stimated Estimated Length

Hands On

Re ga le du ca tio n

1. Your teacher will give you some pieces of string.

Use a ruler or measuring tape to find the lengths in inches and feet.

String

Length (inches)

Length (feet)

A B

C D E F

G

1 71

Find these objects in your classroom.

Measure each object twice.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

(a) Height of a schoolbag

inches feet

(b) Width of a computer

inches inche nch ffeet

(c) Height of a chair

inches feet

172

ed uc ati on

(d) Length of a window

inches feet

(e) Height of shelves

inches

Re ga

feet

(f) Height ht off a trash can ca

inches feet

1 73

Find these objects in your classroom or schoolyard.

Measure each object twice.

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

(a) Length of a school fence

yards ya feet

(b) Length of a basketball court rt

yards feet

(c) Height of classroom door of a classr class d

yards feet

174

Re ga le du ca tio n

(d) Width of a classroom window

yards feet

(e) Length of a whiteboard

yards feet

(f) Height of play ay equipment eq ment e

yards feet

1 75

Let’s Learn

ed uc ati on

Comparing Length – Inches, Feet and dY Yards Compare the lengths of the objects.

Length of the safety pin = 1 in Length of the toothbrush = 4 in 4 in – 1 in = 3 in

The toothbrush is 3 in longer than safety pin. an the safet The safety pin is 3 in shorter er than an the toothbrush. too

Re g

Compare the lengths off the e pencil and an scissors.

Length gth th of the scissors scis = 5 in ngth of the pencil pen = 3 in Length 5 in – 3 in = 2 in The pencil penci is 2 in i shorter than the scissors.

The scissors are 2 in longer than the pencil. sors a

176

Compare the lengths.

4 ft

du ca tio n

Length of the branch anch h = 4 ft ence e = 7 ft Length of the fence 7ft – 4 ft = 3 ft

7 ft

The branch is 3 ft shorter than the e fence. ce.

The fence is 3 ft longer than the e branch. branch are the heights of the e houses. houses us Compare

H Height of House A = 30 yd Height of House B = 18 yd 30 yd – 18 yd = 12 yd

Re g

30 yd

House A H

18 yd

House B

House A is 12 yd taller than House B. House B is 12 yd shorter than House A. 1 77

Let’s Practice Compare the lengths of the objects.

Fill in the blanks.

ed uc ati on

1.

pen

marker

glue

(a) The pen n has as a length of

in.

g

arker has a len (b) The marker length of ue has a len le (c) The glue length of

in.

he glue is i (d)) The

in shorter than the marker.

(e) The pen is

in longer than the marker.

R 178

in.

(f) The

is the longest.

T he (g) Th The

is the shortest.

Compare the lengths of the strips of paper.

Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

(a) The blue strip p is

ge strip is (b) The orange

in lo long.

in long.

reen strip is (c) The green

in long.

e yellow ellow strip is i (d) The

in long.

e blue strip is (e) The

f) The he yellow str (f) strip is

in shorter than the green strip.

in longer than the orange strip.

( Order the strips s (g) Order from the shortest to longest.

1 79

Compare the lengths of the objects.

Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

racquet uet

29 in

bat

42 in

golf club

38 in

(a) The bat is

ub b is (b) The golf club (c) The bat is

in n longer onger than th the racquet.

in longer l than the racquet.

in lon longer than the golf club. longe

(d) The

is the longest.

he (e) The

is the shortest.

rrange ange the obj (f) Arr Arrange objects from the longest to shortest.

180

Compare the lengths of the shovels.

Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

4.

A

4 ft

B

5 ft

C

2 ft

(a) Shovel A is

ft in length.

(b) Shovel B is

ft in length. length

(c) Shovel C is

ft in length. eng

(d) Shovel A is

ft shor shorter sh than shovel B.

el A is (e) Shovel

ft lon longer than shovel C.

hovell C is (f) Shovel

ft shorter than shovel A.

(g) Shovel hovel

is tthe shortest. is

(h) Shovel

is the longest.

1 81

Hands On Choose a pencil from your pencil case.

2.

Estimate its length in inches.

3.

Move around the classroom and compare pencils with 5 y looking. friends. Guess who has the longer pencil by Then align the pencils and measure.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Name

4.

182

Whose is longer? (guess)

How many correct? y guesses were w

Whos Whose is longer? (measured) (m

Solve It!

Re ga le du ca tio n

Two tortoises are crossing a bridge.

The bridge is 12 ft long.

Tortoise A moves 2 ft every day.

Tortoise B moves 3 ft every day.

A

B

w far ar the tortoises torto tort (a) Complete the table to show how move.

Day

1

Total distance Tortoise Tortoise B oise A Total tal distance d has moved has moved

2 ft

3 ft

(b)) Which Whic tortoise tortoise orto will cross the bridge first? (c) T Tortoise will cross the bridge in ortoise A w orto

days.

se B will cross the bridge in (d) Tortoise

days.

1 83

At Home Compare the lengths of the vehicles.

Fill in the blanks.

airplane: 55 yd

g

train: 110 yd

bu 25 yd bus:

184

(a) The car is

yd longer than the motorbike.

(b) The train is

yd longer than the airplane.

(c) The motorbike is (d) The train is (e) The bus is

yd shorter than the e bus. us. yd longer than the bus. s s.

yd shorter than the airplane. airplane. rplane is 21 yd longer ng ger than tha han the car. c

(g) The

is 53 yd d shorter orter than the airplane.

Re

(f) The

motorbike: 2 yd

car: 4 yd

1 85

Anchor Task

186

n

Metric Units of Length

1 87

Let’s Learn

ed uc ati on

Measuring Length in Centimeterss We can measure the length of objects in centimeters. eters rs.. ail.

1 centimeter is about the width of your thumbnail.

We write centimeters as cm..

1 cm is about the width of w your you finger.

Re

1 cm

The length of tthe paper clip is 3 cm.

The e length leng of the th pencil is 7 cm.

The length ngth of the t pen is 12 cm. h of o the scissors is 14 cm.

The length

188

Re ga le du ca tio n

We can also use a measuring tape to measure length in centimeters.

The height of the lamp iss 50 0 cm.

The height of the books is 39 cm. cm The height of the plant an is 74 cm. ant

The e length leng of the th badminton racquet is 65 cm.

The length ngth of the violin is 54 cm.

1 89

Let’s Practice Find the length of the objects in centimeters.

al ed uc ati on

1.

cm

cm

Re

cm

cm m

190

Re al ed uc ati on cm

cm

cm

1 91

Estimate the lengths of the colored pencils in centimeters.

Then use a ruler to find the actual lengths.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

(a)

Estimate:

cm

Estimate:

cm

Actual leng length:

cm

Estimate:

cm

Actual length:

cm

Estimate:

cm

Actual length:

cm

Estimate: stimate

cm

Actual length:

cm

Estimate: Es

cm

Actual length:

cm

Actual length: gth:

cm

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f) f)

192

Find these objects in your classroom.

Estimate the lengths in centimeters.

Then use a measuring tape to find the actual lengths. gths. s.

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

Object

ctual Length Leng Estimated Length Actual (cm) (cm)

length of a stapler

height of a school bag

width of a door

height of a chair

length off an arm span pan

length ngth of a shoe

length of a leng pencil case pe

1 93

4.

Use a ruler to draw lines.

ed uc ati on

(a) Draw a line AB that is 7 cm.

(b) Draw a line CD that is 12 cm.

Re g

(c) Draw a line EF tthat hat iiss 9 c cm. m

(d)) Dr D Draw raw a lline i ne G GH H that is 15 cm.

194

Estimate the length of the strings. Then use a piece of string and a ruler to measure the actual lengths.

ati on

5.

A

B

C

E

I

G

J

Re ga l

H D

String

Estimat Estimated Length (cm)

Actual Length (cm)

AB

CD EF

F

GH IJ

1 95

Solve It! Compare the lengths of the pencil colors.

Re ga le du ca to n

1.

(a) The blue pencil hass a length of o

cm.

(b) The orange pencil has of pe pen as a length le (c) The pink length of k pencil encil has a len

cm.

cm.

ck p pencil ncil h has a length of (d) The black

196

cm.

(e) The pink p pencil encil iis

cm shorter than the black pencil.

(f) f) The he red red pencil penc is p

cm longer than the orange pencil.

(g) The

pencil is the longest.

(h) The Th

pencil is the shortest.

2.

What is the length of each child’s pencil?

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a) My pencil is 7 cm shorter than the red pencil.

cm in length.

Keira’s pencil is

(b)

My pencil is 4 cm longer than the blue pencil.

Halle’s pencil is

cm m in length length.

(c)

My pencil is 5 cm shorter than the green pencil.

Sophie’s phie’s e’s pencil is

cm in length.

(d) d)

My pencil is longer than the pink pencil and shorter than the red pencil.

Riley’s pencil is Ri

cm in length.

1 97

At Home

Re ga le du ca tio n

Use a ruler to measure the objects. (a)

cm.

The length of the eraser is

(b)

The length of the thumb drive rive is

cm. cm

(c)

h of the he marker marke is The length

cm.

(d)

ng of the key is The length 1 98

cm.

The length of the pencil is (f))

uc ati on

(e)

cm.

R

cm

cm 1 99

Measuring Length in Meters

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

We can measure the length of larger objects in meters.

To measure in meters, we can use a meter stick or a measuring tape. We write meters as m.

There er are 100 cm in 1 meter.

Let’s look at the height of the he children. hildren.

Sophie S Sophi

Sophie phie is about 1 m tall.

Chelsea than 1 m. a is shorter sho Halle is taller than 1 m.

200

Chelsea

Halle

ed uc ati on

The length of the motorcycle is about 2 m.

R

The length of the car is about ut 4 m.

The fence 5 m long. ce is about ce a 2 01

Let’s Practice Write the length of the objects in meters. (a)

du ca tio n

1.

The wardrobe is about (b)

20 2

m wide a and

length of the cabin is about The lengt le

m.

Th he The height of the cabin is about

m.

m tall.

The van is about The truck is about

R

(d)

du ca

(c)

m in length. th

m in length.

The height of the tree is about he h

m.

2 03

Find each object in your school.

Estimate the length of each object.

Use a meter ruler to check your estimate.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

Object

height of a locker

length of a whiteboard

width of a window

width of a classroom

height of a door

length of a teacher’s acher’s desk de

width of a basketball basketb court

cupboard width of a cu

204

Estimate (m)

easurem Measurement (m)

At Home Find these objects around your home. er ruler er or Estimate the lengths in meters. Then use a meter measuring tape to find the actual lengths.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Length

Estimated Length (m)

Len Actual Length (m (m)

length of a kitchen

height of a car

width of a window

length of a hose

om width of a bedroom

width of a television

th of a sofa length

2 05

Choose an appropriate unit of measurement (cm or m).

Estimate each length.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

Length

your height

height of a school building

length of a tennis racquet

height of a water bottle

length of a broom

length of a school ool bus bu

width of a drawer

20 6

Units

mate Estimated Length

Which is an appropriate unit of measurement?

Write ‘cm’ or ‘m’.

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

(a) The length of a truck.

(b) The width of a door mat.

(c) The length of a cruise ship. (d) The height of a giraffe.

(e) The height of a skyscraper. (f) The height of a bathtub.

(g) The length of a swimming g pool. ol.

(h) The length of a basketball tball ball court. (i)

The height of a flag g pole. e.

(j)

The length of a computer mputer keyboard. key

(k) The height of a tree. e (l)

The length h of your arm. a

(m) The width dth of of your pillow. pillow pil (n) The length ngth of your you bed. be

(o) The length ngth of a garden ga g hose.

2 07

Comparing Length (Centimeters and Meters) M

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

Compare the lengths of the pencils.

Length of the blue pencil = 11 cm Length of the green pencil = 8 cm m 11 cm – 8 cm = 3 cm

The blue pencil is 3 cm longer pencil. ger than han the green g The green pencil is 3 cm shorter orter than the t blue pencil.

Compare the lengths of the he e pencils. pencils

Length = 5 cm th of the orange pencil p Length = 10 cm gth of the pink pencil pe 10 cm – 5 cm = 5 cm

The orange oran pencil pen is 5 cm shorter than the pink pencil.

The pink k pencil p penc is 5 cm longer than the orange pencil.

208

Compare the lengths of the planks of wood.

Plank B 6m

du ca tio n

Plank A 10 m

ank A = 10 m Length of Plank Length of Plank B = 6 m 10 m – 6 m = 4 m

Plank A is 4 m longer than Plank B. Plank B is 4 m shorter than Plank A. Compare the heights of the trees.

Height of Tree A = 12 m Height of Tree B = 22 m 22 m – 12 m = 10 m

22 m

Re g

12 m

Tree Tr A

Tree B T

Tree shorter than Tree B. ree A is 10 m shor Tree taller than Tree A. ree B is 10 m tal

2 09

Let’s Practice Compare the lengths of the objects.

Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a) The toothpaste oothpaste paste has a length le of e comb omb has a length len (b) The of

cm.

cm.

e toothbrush has h a length of (c) The (d) The he comb is

to toothb (e) The toothbrush is

210

cm.

cm shorter than the toothpaste. cm longer than the comb.

(f) The T

is the longest.

e (g) The

is the shortest.

Compare the lengths of the objects.

Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

clarinet

74 cm

violin

63 cm

trumpet

88 cm

(a) The trumpet mpett is

cm longer than the clarinet. c

rumpet et is (b) The trumpet

cm longer than the violin.

e violin olin is (c) The

cm shorter than the clarinet.

e (d) The

is the longest.

e) The he (e)

is the shortest.

Arrang the th objects from the longest to shortest. (f) Arrange

211

Use a piece of string and a ruler to measure the strings. g Fill in the blanks.

A

B

tio n

3.

D

C E

Re ga le d

G

(a) Line AB is

cm m in length. lengt length

(b) Line CD is

cm in length. c l len

(c) EF is

(d) GH is

cm in length. leng

cm in le length. lengt

ne AB B is (e) Line

cm shorter than line CD.

ne EF is (f) Line

cm c longer than GH.

(g) Line CD is

cm shorter than EF.

((h)) Arrange Arrang the th strings from the shortest to longest.

21 2

F

H

Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

4.

A

B

C

(a) The length ngth of branch branc A is about

m.

e length ngth of branch bra (b) The B is

than 1 m.

ngth of br bran (c) The length branch C is

than 1 m.

d) Br ranch (d) Branch

is the longest.

(e Branch B anch Br h (e)

is the shortest.

213

Compare the heights of the buildings.

Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

5.

82 m

58 m

40 0m

Building A

Building ing ng B

Building C

ding g B is (a) The height of building

m.

(b) The height of building uilding ng A is

m.

buil (c) The height of bu building C is

m.

(d) Building A iss

m tal taller than building C.

ng B is (e) Building

m sh shorter than building A.

uilding ng C is (f) Building

m taller than building B.

range the bui buil (g) Arr Arrange buildings from the shortest to tallest.

21 4

Solve It! A beetle is crawling around a garden.

It starts at position A and crawls for 36 m.

At which position does the beetle stop?

D

le du ca tio n

1.

C

9m

3m

A

B

n The beetle stops at position 2.

.

nd the he soccer field.

Jordan is running around nd runs for 400 m.

He starts at position A and At which position does oes he stop?

D

100 00 m

D

R

50 m

A

Jordan at position dan stops da st

B .

215

At Home Compare the lengths of the objects.

Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a) The fork iss

(b) The spoon poon is e knife nife is (c) The

(d) The e spoon is

e)) The he fork is (e)

cm in length.

cm c in length.

cm in length.

cm shorter than the knife.

cm longer than the spoon.

( Arrang the th objects from the shortest to longest. (f) Arrange

21 6

Compare the heights of the plants.

Fill in the blanks.

ca tio n

2.

98 cm c

58 cm

Re ga le

42 cm

Plant A

Plant Plan B Pla

(a) Plant C is

cm ta taller than plant A.

nt A is (b) Plant

cm sh shorter than plant B.

(c) Plant B is

c taller than plant C. cm

d) Plant Plan antt (d)

is tth is the shortest.

(e Plant P t Plan (e)

is the tallest.

Plant C

(f) Arrange the plants from the tallest to shortest.

217

Compare the lengths of the vehicles.

Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

train

14 m

taxi ta

4m

bus

8m

(a) The train is

m longer than t the bus.

(b) The train is

m longer g than the taxi.

(c) The buss is

m lo longer than the taxi. longe

nge e the vehicles vehic from f (d) Arrange the longest to shortest.

21 8

Looking Back Use an inch ruler to measure the objects.

ca tio n

1.

(a)

in (b)

Re ga le d

in

in

2.

Draw a line VW W that is 6 inches che in length.

219

Write the length and height of the fence.

uc ati on

3.

ft

ft 4.

truck Write the length and height of the truck.

Re ga

yd

5.

Which h is an appropriate ap a pro unit of measurement?

Write Write ‘in’ for inch iinches, ‘ft’ for feet or ‘yd’ for yards. (a) The length leng of a train. (b) The Th height h of your teacher.

22 0

yd

(c) The length of a computer monitor.

Re ga le du ca tio n

(d) The height of a skyscraper. (e) The length of a pencil.

(f) The length of an envelope.

6.

Compare the lengths of the strings.

(a) The blue string ring ing is i

en string is (b) The green (c) The red ed string is i

he blue ue string is i (d) The

inches in in length.

inches in length.

inches longer than the blue string.

inches shorter than the green string.

Arrrange the strings strin stri (e) Arrange from the shortest to longest.

221

Compare the heights of the buildings.

Re ga le du ca tio n

7.

21 yd

15 yd

4 yd

House A

House H B

(a) House B is

y tall. yd

(b) House C is

yd ta tall.

se A is (c) House

yd ta y tall.

ouse A is (d) House

yd taller than house B. y

ouse A is i (e)) House

yd shorter than house C.

House C

(f) Arr A ange the houses from the shortest to tallest.

Arrange

22 2

Use a ruler to find the lengths in centimeters. (a) cm

du ca tio n

8.

(b)

cm

(c)

ga l

cm c

cm

Draw a line e XY that is 13 centimeters in length.

R

9.

223

Re ga le du ca tio n

10. Write the lengths in meters.

(a) The fence is about ut

m tal tall.

(b) The fence is aboutt

m long.

bout (c) The tree is about

11.

m tall.

Which is an n appropriate ap ppropriate unit uni of measurement?

Write ‘cm’ or ‘m’ for meters. m’ for or centimeters centime (a) The length car. ngth of a c ca

(b) b) The he length length of a necklace. (c) (c The height height of heig o a chair.

(d) The height heig of a flagpole.

(e) The Th width w of a microwave oven.

224

Re ga le du ca tio n

12. Compare the lengths of the bamboo sticks.

877 cm A 44 cm

B

64 cm

C

(a) Bamboo A is

cm longer than han bamboo C. C

(b) Bamboo B is

cm shorter er than han bamboo bambo bamb A.

cks from om the longest lo (c) Arrange the bamboo sticks to shortest.

13. Compare the lengths. boat

5m

train

51 m

truck tru

19 m

(a) a) The he train is

m longer than the truck.

((b) The bo boat is

m shorter than the train.

(c) Arrange A ange the objects from the shortest to longest.

Arr

225

Anchor Task

Classroom C lassroom scene. scene.

K id ds have have opened opened theirr wallets wallets a Kids att ttheir heir desks desks and d are looking lo ooking at at their their m one ey a nd c om mparin ing g notes notes and and money and comparing coins c oins

22 6

on

10 Money

Coins and Notes

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

Let’s look at our coins.

1¢ one cent (penny)

5¢ cents (nickel) five c

10¢ ime) me ten cents (dime)

25¢ twenty-five cents (quarter)

50¢ 5 fifty cents fift ce (half dollar)

$1 one dollar (dollar coin)

227

sa m

pl

sa m

e

pl e

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s look at our notes.

$1 one dollar

sa m

sa m

pl

pl

e

e

$2 2 wo dollars two

$5 five dollars

$20 0 twenty wenty ty dollars

sa m

pl

e

e

$50 fifty dollars

$100 $ hundred dollars one hu on

22 8

pl

sa m

sa m

pl

e

$10 ten dollars

Can you name the people on the notes?

Let’s Practice Match.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

1¢

10¢

50¢

$1

25¢

5¢

229

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl e

sa m

pl e

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl e

sa m

pl

e

Re ga le du ca tio n 2.

2 30 Match.

$20

$2

$10

$5

$1

$100

$50

At Home Check the name of the coin.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

penny

dime

dollar dol

dollar

dime

penny

dollar lar

nickel

quarter

nickel nick

dime

quarter

penny

dime

nickel

2 31

2.

Check the name of the banknotes.

sa m

pl

e

Re ga le du ca tio n

one hundred ndred ed dollars twenty nty dollars twenty wenty cents

sa m

pl

e

ten dolla dollars dollar one cent c

one dollar on

sa m

pl e

one dollar

ten dollars

one hundred dollars

sa m

pl e

five dollars two dollars

twenty cents

sa m

pl

e

five dollars

fifty dollars ten dollars

23 2

Exchanging Money

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

Here are some ways we can exchange coins.

2 33

sa m

pl

2 34

e

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl e

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl e

sa m

pl e

Re ga le du ca tio n Here are some ways we can exchange our notes.

2 35

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl e

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl

e

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Practice Check the coins needed to exchange.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

e) (e)

23 6

2.

Check the amounts needed to exchange.

$1

$1

$11

$1

$5

$5

$5 $

$5

$5 5

$5

$5

$5

$50

$50

$50

$50

$20

$20

$20

$20

$20

$20

$20

$20

sa m

pl

e

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a)

sa m

pl

e

(b)

sa m

pl

e

(c)

sa m

pl

e

(d)

sa m

pl

e

(e)

2 37

Solve It!

Re ga le du ca tio n

Complete the tables to show different ways to make each ch amount of money. y Show 3 ways to make 75¢.

1

1

2

3

Show 4 ways to make $1.40. m

1

2

3 4

23 8

1

Re ga le du ca tio n

Show 5 ways to make $2.75.

1

2

3 4

5

S 5 ways to Show makee $4.85.

1

2

3 4

5

2 39

At Home Write the number of coins needed to exchange.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

24 0

e

e

pl

pl

sa m

sa m

pl

e

pl e

sa m

sa m

pl

e

pl e

sa m

sa m

pl

pl

e

sa m

sa m

e

sa m

e

e

pl

pl

sa m

e

pl e

pl

sa m

sa m

Re ga le du ca tio n 2.

Write the number of banknotes needed to exchange. (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

2 41

Let’s Learn

ed uc ati on

Counting Money How much money does each child have?

I have 50¢.

Re ga

I have 90¢.

I have 99¢ 99¢.

242

I have 70¢.

I have $8.

Re ga l

I have $37.

du ca tio n

How much money does each child have?

I have $91.

2 43

Let’s Practice Circle the amount of money.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

2¢

10¢

20¢

4¢

13¢ 1

8¢

20¢ 2

60¢

21¢

30¢

35¢

31¢

15¢

75¢

30¢

61¢

36¢

56¢

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f (f)

244

2.

Circle the amount of money.

Re ga le du ca

tio n

(a)

$77

$68

$23

$42

$62

$80

$35

$26

$53

(b)

(c)

2 45

Hands On Work in pairs. ey y.

Your teacher will show the class an amount of money.

Race to show the amount with play money.

24 6

At Home Count and write the amount of money.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

2 47

248

e

sa m

pl

e

sa m pl e

pl e

sa m

sa m

pl

sa m

pl

e

sa m

sa m

pl

e

sa m

pl

sa m

pl e

e

sa m

pl e

pl e

sa m

pl e

sa m

pl e

e

ed uc ati on pl e

pl e

(d)

pl

sa m

sa m

pl e

(c)

pl e

pl e

sa m

(b)

sa m

sa m

sa m

Re ga 2.

Count and write the amount of money.

(a)

(e)

sa m

pl

pl

e

sa m

e

sa m

pl

pl

e

pl e

sa m

e

sa m

sa m

sa m

pl

e

pl e

sa m

pl

e

e

pl e

pl e

sa m

pl

pl e

sa m

sa m

sa m

e

pl e

pl

sa m

sa m

sa m

pl

e

pl e

sa m

sa m

e

pl e

pl

sa m

Re ga le du ca tio n (f)

(g)

(h)

2 49

Comparing Money

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

Who has more money?

I have 75¢.

I have 55¢.

tt Wyatt

Ethan

75 is greater than 55.

So, 75¢ is greater than 55¢.

Wyatt has more money than an Ethan. than.

Who has less money?

I have 80¢.

I have 95¢. ve 95

Jordan

Dominic

80 iss less than 95.

9 So, 80¢ is less than 95¢.

Dominic has less money than Jordan.

2 50

Re ga le du ca tio n

Who has more money?

ve $1 I have $16.

I have $11.

Halle

Sophie

16 is greater than 11.

So, $16 is greater than $11.

Halle has more money than Sophie. phie.

Who has less money?

I have $71.

I have $77.

Michelle

Keira

71 iss less than 77.

77 So, $71 is less $77. le than t Keira has less money than Michelle.

2 51

Let’s Practice Find the amount of money in each set.

Compare and fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

(a)

Set A

Set B

Set A has

¢ and Set B has

¢ is greater than han

So, Set

(b)

¢.

hass more money mone than Set

Set C

.

Set D

Set C h has

¢ and Set D has

¢ is less than

S So, Set

25 2

¢.

¢.

¢.

has less money than Set

.

Set N

Set M

Re ga le du ca tio n

(c)

Set M has $ $

is greater than $

.

Set P

S So, Set

.

Set Q

Set P h has $ $

.

has more ore money than tha t Set

So, Set

(d)

and Set N has as $

and Set Q has $

is less than $

.

.

has less money than Set

.

253

At Home Check the set with more money. (a) Set A

(b)

Set E

Re ga

(c)

Set C

ed uc ati on

1.

254

Set B

Set Se D

Set F

2.

Check the set with less money. (a)

(b)

Set E

Set D

Set F

Re ga

(c)

Set C

Set B

ed uc ati on

Set A

255

Money Word Problems

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

Jordan buys a toy truck for $45.

Halle buys a teddy bear for $30.

How much money did Jordan and Halle spend d altogether? $45

$30

$45

$30 30

toy truck

teddy bear

?

$45 + $30 = $75 Jordan and Halle spent $75 5 altogether. altogethe altoget

Ethan buys a ruler for for 25¢ and a sharpener for 35¢. or 40¢, 40 an 4 n eraser era How much money spend altogether? y does oes Ethan Etha Et 40 ¢

40¢

25 25¢

35¢

ruler

eraser

sharpener

¢ 35

?

40¢ 0¢ + 25¢ 25 + 35¢ = $1

Ethan spends end $1 altogether.

25 6

25¢

Re ga le du ca tio n

During recess, Sophie buys a muffin for 95¢.

Riley buys an orange for 70¢. y?

How much more money did Sophie spend than Riley?

95¢

70¢

95¢

muffin

orange 70¢

?

95¢ – 70¢ = 25¢ Sophie spent 25¢ more than han n Riley.

0 $2

Wyatt has $55.

He buys a soccer ball all for $20. $ How much money ey does oes Wyatt Wya Wy have left? $55

money spent

money left

$20

?

$55 – $20 = $35

left.

Wyatt has $35 left

257

Let’s Practice Ethan went to the cinema with his friends.

He spent $8 on a movie ticket and $15 on snacks. s.

How much money did he spend altogether?

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

movie ticket

snacks

=

Ethan spent $

2.

altogether. ogether. he

shirt costs cos $22.

At a clothing store, a T-shirt A pair of jeans costs $9 more than tth a T-shirt.

What is the cost stt of a T-shirt rt and a a pair of jeans?

T-shirt

jeans j

=

A T-shirt hirt and a pair of jeans cost $

25 8

.

Use the space provided to solve the word problems. (a) Michelle took $20 to school.

She bought a new pencil case for $12.

How much money did she have left?

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

Michelle had $

left. ft.

ored paper pap pape is 8¢ per sheet. (b) In a craft store, colored re 75¢.

Glue sticks are Find the cost ostt of 2 pieces p s of colored paper and 1 glue stick.

A glue stick and 2 pieces of colored paper cost s

¢.

259

At Home At the school canteen, apples cost 32¢.

Halle buys 1 apple for herself and 2 apples for her er friends. ends.

How much money did Halle spend altogether??

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Halle

Friend

Friend

=

Halle spent

2.

¢ altogether. ogether. her

o the e sweet store. st Dominic took 90¢ to He bought a piece of chocolate hocolate for 25¢.

How much money have left? ney did d Dominic min i

Money taken to sweet store Money left

Chocolate

=

Dominic nic had

260

¢ left.

Sophie finds 50¢ on her way home from school.

2¢.

She stops at the market and buys an orange for 42¢.

How much money does Sophie have left?

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

Sophie has

4.

¢ left.

aving a sale.

Jim’s Beach Wear is having osts $23, a cap c costs $18 and a pair A pair of sunglassess costs of flip flops costs $15. stt of 1 pair p off ssunglasses and a cap?

What is the cost

A pair pair of ssunglasses and a cap cost $

.

2 61

Hands On

Re

ati on

Work in pairs and make a word problem. e play ay money Swap your word problems with another pair and use to act it out and find the answer.

2 62

Looking Back Match.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

1¢

quarte quarter

10¢ 0¢

penny

5¢

nickel

$5

dime

25¢

1 dollar

$1

5 dollars

2 63

Find the amount of money in each set.

Compare and fill in the blanks. (a)

Set A

ed uc ati on

2.

Set B

Set A has

¢ and Set B has as

¢ is greater than

Set C h has $

o Set S So,

264

.

Set D

Re ga

Set C

$

¢.

has more ore money than th t Set

So, Set (b)

¢. ¢

and Set D has $

is greater than $

.

.

has more money than Set

.

Mrs. Logan took $52 to the supermarket.

She bought some groceries and returned home with th $13.

How much money did Mrs. Logan spend on groceries? eries? s?

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

Money taken to the supermarket

Money left

Money spent on groceries es

=

Mrs. Logan spent $

4.

on n groceries.

et of his pants. p Ethan finds 55¢ in the pocket ¢ in his school bag.

He finds another 35¢ fin fi altogether?

How much money did Ethan find

Ethan found foun

¢ altogether.

2 65

Data and Graphs

Re ga le du ca to n

11

Anchor Task

266

2 67

Re ga le du ca t

Drawing Picture Graphs

du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

A tally is a quick way to record and display data.

To make a tally, draw a line for the first four numbers. bers. s.

For the fifth number, draw a line through the last st four lines as shown below.

1

2

3

4

5

Halle asked her friends their favorite te color. olor.

She recorded the responses in a tally.

What’s your favorite color?

Re ga

Green Green!

Blue!

My Friends’ Favorite Colors

Color

268

Tally

Total

red ed

13

n green

3

blue

5

p Halle used the data from her tally to create a picture graph.

Re ga le du ca tio n

I drew a smiley face fac to show 1 per person.

My Friends’ Favorite e Colors

red

green n blue

Each

stands for 1 p pe person. n

m the he tally that tha m We can see from most people in her class like red.

st favorite colo Green is the least color.

2 more people than green. e like blue th

wer people lik like gr 10 fewer green than red.

2 69

Re ga le du c

tio n

On his way to school, Wyatt counted the number of cars, trucks, vans and buses he spotted. He recorded the data in a tally. ally.

Vehicles spotted

cars

12

trucks

2

vans

5

buses

6

At school, Wyatt used ed the data da in his tally to make a picture graph.

I will use this symbol to show 1 vehicle.

27 0

al ed uc ati on

Vehicles Spotted

cars Each

tr k trucks

vans

b buses

stands for 1 vehicle.

Wyatt spotted tted cars the most. m bu than vans.

He spotted 1 more bus fewer trucks than vans.

He spott spotted 3 few ed 25 vehicles in all.

He spotted 2 71

Let’s Practice Count the fruits on the shelves. Complete the tally.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Number umber of Fruits

Fruit

Orange

Apple ple

Pear Pe

27 2

Tally

Total

Count the shapes. Complete the tally.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

Number er of Shap Shapes

Shape

Tally

Total

Square

Circle

Rectangle ctangle

Triangle Tr

2 73

A bakery recorded the number of each cookie they sold at lunch time. Use the tally to create a picture graph.

Cookies Sold d

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

raisin

3

choc chip

8

al oatmeal

5

gingerr

2

Cookies Sold at Lunch nch Time Tim

raisin

1

27 4

choc chip

stands for 1 cookie sold. sta

oatmeal

ginger

Sophie made a table of the flowers she spotted in the garden.

Use the table to create a picture graph.

Re ga le du ca tio n

4.

Flowers Spotted in the Garden

Roses

Daisies

Petunias

Lilies lies

6

6

8

3

Flowers Spotted in the Garden

Roses

1

Daisies

Petunias

Lilies

stands tand fo for 1 flower.

2 75

At Home Ethan recorded the number of different animals he saw aw at th the cture graph. grap aquarium. Use the table he made to make a picture

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Animals at the Aquarium m

Fish

Seals

Penguins enguins

Turtles

10

2

3

7

Animals als at the Aquarium Aqu

Fish

Seals

Penguins

Turtles tles

1

2 76

stands for stan f 1 animal.

Michelle asked the people in her class how they get to school.

She made the table below to show her findings.

Use the table to make a picture graph.

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

How do you get to school?

I walk to school.

I take the bus.

How My Class ass Gets to School S

Car

Walk

Bike B

Bus

10

1

3

6

Ho My Class Gets to School How

Car

Walk Bike ke Bus

1

stands for 1 person. stand

2 77

Reading Picture Graphs

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

Class 2B were asked about their favorite sports.

The results are shown in the picture graph.

Favorite Sports of Class 2B

soccer ccer

1

2 78

tennis

stands stan s for 1 child.

basketball

swimming

How many more people like soccer than tennis?

Re ga le du ca tio n

12 people like soccer. 9 people like tennis.

Subtract to find the difference.

12 – 9 = 3 So, 3 more people like soccer than tennis.

How many people like basketball and swimming wimming ming in all? al a 5 people like basketball. 3 people like ke swimming. swimming Add to find the sum 5+3=8 swimmi in all.

So, 8 people like basketballll and swimming ass 2B? How many people are in Class

o people in each sport altogether.

We need to add the number of 1

1

+

2

2 9 5 3 9

12 2 + 9 + 5 + 3 = 29 So, o, there ther are 29 people in Class 2B.

2 79

Re ga le du ca tio n

An ice cream shop recorded the flavors of ice creams sold in a day.

Ice Creams Sold

Chocolate

Strawberry

Vanilla

Mint 1

stands for or 1 ice ce cream. cream

How many ny chocolate ocolate and an strawberry ice creams were sold in total?

14 chocolate and 9 strawberry ice creams were sold. ocolate ate ice creams cream c d to find the total. total to Add 2 14 + 9 = 23 ol olate 23 chocolate and strawberry ice creams were sold in total.

280

How many more vanilla than mint ice creams were sold?

Re ga le du ca tio n

ere sold. sol 15 vanilla ice creams were sold. 2 mint ice creams were Subtract to find the difference.

15 – 2 = 13 13 more vanilla ice creams were sold than mintt ice creams. cream How many ice creams sold were not strawberry? rawberry? erry?

We need to add the number of ice creams ms sold for f the other flavors.

Add the other flavors sold so together.

Chocolate: Vanilla: Mint:

14 15 2

14 + 15 + 2 = 31 31 ice creams ms sold were not strawberry flavor.

2 81

Let’s Practice Halle counted the different animals she spotted in the garden garden.

She made a picture graph to show her findings.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Animals in the School Garden e

beess

1

beetles

spiders id

ants

stands for 1 animal.

(a) How (a H w many Ho ma more spiders than bees did she spot?

–

he sspotted She

282

=

more spiders than bees.

(b) What animal did Halle spot the most? the most.

Re ga le du ca tio n

She spotted

(c) What animal did Halle spot the least? the least.

She spotted

(d) How many fewer bees than ants were spotted?

–

=

fewer bees than ants were e spotted.

(e) How many beetles and spiders ders were spotted? s +

=

beetles and spiders ers were spotted.

alss were sspotted sp (f) How many animals in all?

+

+

+

+

=

animals were spotted in all. an

2 83

Sophie asked her classmates their favorite snacks.

She made a picture graph to show her findings.

Answer the questions and show your working.

What’s your favorite snack?

ion

2.

Chocolate! ate!

Re ga le du c

Candy!

Favorite Snacks nacks

Chocolate

Candy

Chips

Cookies

1

stands tands ds for 1 perso person.

(a) Which hich snack food ffoo oo is the most popular?

is i the most popular snack food.

(b) Which sn snack food is the least popular?

is the least popular snack food.

284

(c) Which snack foods are equally popular? are equally popular. ular.

Re ga le du ca tio n

and

dy? (d) How many people like chocolate and candy?

people like chocolate and nd candy.

ke chips than cookies? c (e) How many more people like

more people pe e like chips chip than cookies.

ny people ople are ar a in Sophie’s class? (f) How many

There here are

people in Sophie’s class.

2 85

At Home

on

Riley recorded the color of each car in the school car park.

She made a picture graph of her findings. q y g Answer the questions and show your working.

Re ga le du c

1.

Car Colors in the School Car C Park

white

1

286

blue

stands sta for 1 car.

black

red

(a) How many cars were black?

du ca tio n

cars were black.

(b) What car color was spotted 4 times?

cars were spotted 4 times.

e spotted? spotted (c) How many black cars and red cars were

black cars and red ed cars were spotted. s

Re ga l

(d) How many fewer blue cars were spotted? ue cars than white w

fewer ewer er blue cars car than th white cars were spotted.

w many cars were w (e) How spotted in all?

were There w

cars spotted in all.

2 87

Bar Graphs

Re ga le du ca tio n

Let’s Learn

Dominic asked his friends their favorite subjects.

He used a tally to record the data he collected.

My Friends’ Favorite Subjects

Subject

Tally

Total

Art

5

Math

10

English

2

Music

7

Number of Votes

He made a bar graph to show how the data.

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

My Friends’ Favorite orite Subje Subjects

A Art

Ma Math English Subject

Each stands for 1 vote.

Music

When a bar graph, remember to include labels and a title. n making ma

28 8

How many more people voted for Art than English?

Re ga le du ca tio n

Art has 5 votes and English has 2 votes.

5–2=3 So, 3 more people voted for Art than English.

How many votes did Math and Music receive? ve?

Math has 10 votes and Music has 7 votes. s.

10 + 7 = 17 Math and Music received 17 votes.

How many people voted in Dominic’s minic’s class?

ach subje Add the number of votes for each subject together.

1

1

+

2

5 0 2 7 4

5 + 10 + 2 + 7 = 24 e voted ed in Dom Domini 24 people Dominic’s class.

2 89

du ca tio n

Sophie asked her class to vote for their favorite season.

She made a bar graph from the data she collected.

Favorite Seasons of My Class

Season

Summer Autumn Winter Spring 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Number ber of Votes

Re ga

Longer bars show more votes!

The green bar is the longest!

Which season ason received the most votes?

Spring votes. 10 people voted for Spring. ng received the th most m

Which season received the fewest votes? se re Winter er had ha the fewest votes. Only 4 people voted for Winter.

29 0

How many people voted for Spring and Summer?

Re ga le du ca tio n

10 + 9 = 19 19 people voted for Spring and Summer.

How many fewer people voted for Winter than n Summer?

9–4=5 5 fewer people voted for Winter than Summer. ummer. er

How many people did not vote for Summer? mmer

We need to add the votes from m the other seasons. se 7 + 4 + 10 = 21 mer.

21 people did not vote for Summer.

How many people voted in total?

2

+

1 3

9 7 4 0 0

9 + 7 + 4 + 10 = 30 i total. to 30 people voted in

2 91

Let’s Practice A clothing store stocks T-shirts in 4 different colors. s. n stock ck The table below shows the number of T-shirts in for each color.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

T-shirts in Clothing Store re

Blue

Green

White

Red

1

9

8

10

e data. ata. Fill in the th blanks.

Make a bar graph from the

Number of T-shirts

St S T-shirts in Clothing Store

Color 292

Dominic recorded the number of animals he spotted at the zoo.

The table below shows the number of each animal spotte spotted. otte

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

Animals at the Zoo

Lions

Tigers

Bears

Elephants Elephan

8

2

2

4

Make a bar graph from the data. Filll in the he blanks. blanks

Animal

Animals Zoo malss at the Zo

Number

2 93

Make a bar graph from the table.

Answer the questions and show your working.

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

Pies Sold in a Bakery

Cream

Blueberry

Strawberry y

Apple ple

5

5

8

7

Flavor

old in a Bakery Baker Pies Sold

Number

(a) Which hich flavors f avors are ar a equally popular? and a

29 4

are equally popular.

ed uc ati on

(b) How many cream pies and apple pies were sold?

cream pies and apple pies were ere sold.

ere sold than tha th apple pies? (c) How many more strawberry piess were

more strawberry erry pie was sold so than apple pies.

Re ga

(d) How many pies were re sold in all? a

pies were sold s in all.

2 95

Solve It!

Re ga le du ca tio n

A class were asked about their favorite types of movies. es. ar graph. aph.

Read the clues and complete the drawing of the bar

Number of Num o Votes

3 fewer people voted for horror than action.

23 2 people vo voted in all.

Favorite Fa ite Types Typ of Movies

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Action

296

Drama and comedy received the same number of votes.

Drama Horror Type of Movie

Comedy

At Home Halle asked her friends their favorite fruit.

She made a table from the data she collected.

What’s your favorite fruit?

oes!

Mangoes!

Re ga le du

Apples!

ati on

1.

My Friends Friends’ dss’ Favorite F Fruits

Mango

Apple

B Banana

Peach

8

3

7

6

eab ba aph h from the table.

Help Halle make bar graph

Fruit

My Friends’ Favorite Fruits M

Friends 2 97

Make a bar graph from the table.

Answer the questions and use the space to show your our working. wo

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

Class 2A’s Favorite Drink

Water

Milk

e Orange juice

ju Apple juice

10

3

8

1

Number of people

rite e Drink Class 2A’s Favorite

Type of drink

298

(a) What drink was liked by 8 people?

Re ga le du ca tio n

was liked by 8 people. (b) How many more people liked water than milk??

more people liked waterr than an milk.

(c) How many people are in Classs 2A?

There are

people ople in Class C 2A.

(d) How many fruit juices? y people liked l

people lliliked fruit juices.

2 99

Line Plots

n

Anchor Task

How Many Man Pets Pet Pe Num mber er Number 0 1 2 3

300

Tally ly

Total

Let’s Learn

tio n

Wyatt asked 12 people in his class how many siblings they y have.

He recorded the data in a tally. gs How many siblings do you have??

My Friends’ Siblings Number

Tally

Total 3

1

6

2

1

3

2

du

0

I have 1 b brother s and 1 sister.

Wyatt made a line plot from the he tally.

Line plots show how often values alues es occur in a data set.

Number of Siblings blings ngs

Re g

Each represents 1 person’s response.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

301

0

1

7

2

4

3

0

4

3

ed uc

0

on

Ethan asked 15 friends how many times per week they exercise.

He recorded the data in a tally.

How often do Weekly Exercise 4 times you exercise? week. a wee Exercise Days Tally Total

1

5

Ethan made a line plot from the he e tally.

From the people he interviewed, iewed, d, everyone everyo exercised at least 1 time per week.

R

Weekly y Exercise Exer Exerc

0

302

1

2

3

4

5

6

Most people exercise 1 or 2 times per week.

Hands On Work in small groups to measure the lengths of different pencils in your classroom.

Record your findings in the line plot below.

Re ga

Classroo Pencil Lengthss in my Classroom

303

Let’s Practice Sophie asked her friends how many pets they have. ve.

She recorded the data on a tally.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

How many pets do you have?

Just 1.

Number of P Pets

0 1

2 3

Use the data in the tally to complete the line plot below.

Draw a for each response. onse. se.

Number er of Pets

0

30 4

Use the data in the tally to complete the line plots. (a) Hours Exercising per Week eek Hours Exercising

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

4 5

6 7

8 9

(b)

Test Scores

Test Scores

5

6 7

8 9

10

305

3.

Create line plots from the information. Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

(a) 10 people were asked how many glasses of water er they drank each day.

Daily Glasses of Water

Daily Glasses es of Wa Water

0 1

2

3 4

5

(b) Michelle asked her class lass ass thei their spelling test scores.

Test Scores es

6 7

8

9

10

30 6

At Home Halle asked her friends how many hours per day they y spend watching TV. She recorded the data on a tally.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Daily TV Time 0

5

1

4

2

2

3

0

4

1

A lot of people n’t watch an don’t any television television!

Use the data in the tally y to complete the t line plot below. for each response. esponse. onse.

Draw a

Daily TV Tim Time

307

Use the data in the tally to complete the line plots. (a) Hours Listening to Music sic Hours Listening

Re ga le du ca tio n

2.

0 1

2 3

4 5

0

(b)

Number of Trips

1

2 3

4 5

6

308

Number umb of Trips per Year

Create line plots from the information. Fill in the blanks. (a) 10 people were asked how many hats they owned. wned. ed.

3 people owned 1 hat.

5 people owned 2 hats.

The remaining 2 people owned 3 hats.

Re ga le du ca tio n

3.

(b) 15 people were ere asked a d how many cousins they had.

Number of Cousins 0 1

2

3 4

5

309

Solve It!

Re ga le du ca tio n

Read the clues and make the line plot.

any • A group of 20 people were asked how many televisions they had in their home.

televisio television • The same number of people had 1, 2 or 3 televisions.

• 4 more people had no television than n people with w 4 televisions.

• No one had more than 4 televisions. levisions. ons

Televisions ons at Home Ho

310

Looking Back Create a picture graph from the table below.

Re ga le du ca tio n

1.

Favorite Fruits of Class 2B

Mango

Apple

Pear

Banana Banan

10

4

3

6

Each ch

stands fo for 1 person.

31 1

2.

Michelle made a picture graph of flowers she spotted in her garden. Fill in the blanks.

Re ga le du ca tio n

Flowers in Michelle’s Garden

Rose

Tulip

Daisy

Daffodil

Each

stands for 1 flower. ower.

w spotted potted the tth least? (a) What flower was ed She spotted

the least.

(b) How many y fewer tulips tu than roses were spotted?

–

=

fewer tulip tulips than roses were spotted.

H w many Ho man daisies d (c) How and daffodils were spotted? +

=

daisies and daffodils were spotted.

31 2

A restaurant recorded the number of each dessert they sold in a night. Create a bar graph from the data they recorded. ecorded rded

n

3.

Desserts Sold 8

pudding

2

lava cake

5

cheese cake

6

Re ga le du ca

ice cream

Dessert

Desserts ssertss Sold

Number sold

31 3

20 people were asked how many pairs of shoes they own.

The data was recorded in a tally.

Create a line plot from the tally.

Re ga le du ca tio n

4.

Pairs of Shoes 0 1

2

3 4 5

31 4

20 students took a test. The data was recorded in a tally.

Create a line plot from the tally.

Re ga le du ca tio n

5.

Test Scores 5 6 7

8 9

10

31 5

Re ga le du ca tio n © Blue Ring Media edia Pty Ltd td ACN 161 590 496 4 2013 - 2021.

This publication possible without the tireless effort of our production team. ation would not have been pos Special thanks to: Daniel Hui Guan, Kevin Mahoney, Winston Goh, Jesse Singer, el Cole, Matthew Cole, Wang W Joseph Taylor-Pritchard, Sophie Taylor-Pritchard, Tejal Thakur, eph Anderson, Halle T Taylor-Pr Natchanuch atchanuch Nakapat,Var Nakapat,Varasinun Mathanattapat, Kanungnit Pookwanmuang, Saijit Lueangsrisuk

Original Illustrations: Natchanuch Nakapat, GraphicsRF, Blue Ring Media and Interact Images Illustrat Nat Royalty-free images: Shutterstock, Adobe Stock imag S