PORTFOLIO REHNUMA ISLAM
MARC4002 Sustainable Architecture Research Studio
“......I cannot pursue my architecture without considering the minimization of energy consumption, simple and direct technologies, a respect for site, climate, place and culture. Together, these disciplines represent for me a fantastic platform for experimentation and expression. Of particular importance is the junction of the rational and the poetic resulting hopefully in works that resonate and belong to where they reside........” Glenn Murcutt The Pritzker Architecture Prize Acceptance Speech, 2002
Contents
DAYLIGHT MATRIX 1
GROUP MATRIX 7
MAKE THE SHIFT 8
AIM METHODOLOGY CASESTUDY
Success Criteria Evaluation
Daylight Performance
Matrix
This projective matrix included creating a conceptual framework and defining a success criteria for each chosen topics for sustainability. I generated a matrix on daylighting with a view to analyzing the performance of commercial buildings and optimizing daylight in buildings to reduce energy usage. LEED, BREEAM and Green Star certification systems have been analyzed in terms of daylighting criteria and scoring to understand the daylight performance assessment which resulted to a combined daylight matrix.
ISSUES & STRATEGY
DAYLIGHT METRICS
ASSESSMENT METHOD & SUCCESS CRITERIA
1
Daylight Vs Over heating
Over shadowing
NO
Control glazing ratio Shading co efficient VLT, SHGC Manual/Machanical control of blinds /louver Full air conditioning/ mixed mood ventilation
YES Critical
Not Critical
Daylight
Critical
Not Critical
Heating
Critical
Increase in glazing ratio & VLT
YES
NO
Not Critical
Consumption
Increase daylight Mechanical cooling Control glazing ratio Shading co efficient VLT, SHGC Manual/Machanical control of blinds /louver
Move work zone to preferred direction
2
Issues
•Unnecessary reliance on artificial lighting causing increased utility cost •Less application of daylighting resulting to high cooling load
Strategies
Daylight Performance Metrics Static Metrics
Illuminance (I)
Dynamic Metrics
Daylight Autonomy (DA)
Brightness
Colour Temperature (CCT)
Daylight Factor (DF)
Uniformity (U)
Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA)
Average Daylight Autonomy (AvgDA)
Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI)
Annual Light Exposure (ASE)
Energy Daylight Rate (EDR)
Building Design Strategies
3
Building Design Strategies
Glazing Attributes U value and SHGC R value of the window frame
View complience for window
Room Interior Attributes Recommended surface reflectance: Walls 50-70%, Ceilings 80% and Floors 20-40% Table top height: 700mm Uniformity: Sidelighting 0.3, Toplighting 0.7
Zone of complience Window Height Thumb Rule: height (H) X 2 X width (W)= Zone of compliance
Overshadowing
Light shelves Shading devices
4
Proposed Daylight Matrix
Daylight Metrics Static Metrics Value
Dynamic Metrics
Glare Control Metrics
Daylight Minimum Uniformity Spatial Daylight Annual Daylight Glare Control Factor (DF) Illuminance (I) Autonomy ( sDA) Exposure (ASE) 2%
300 lux for 2000 hrs
0.3
50-75%
5-10%
Complianc 60-80% e Area
60-80%
80-100%
Credits
1 to 2
1 to 2
Regularly occupied floor area 1 to 2
Regularly occupied floor area 1 to 2
1 to 2
View Metrics Views
Applying glare 8m distance control strategies All regularly 60-75% occupied places Minimum requirement
1 to 2
Proposed Daylight Matrix for a projected assessment of a generic commercial building design. The common range of values and scores have been selected from the analysis of the certification systems.
The Visual Comfort Radar diagram generated from the proposed Daylight Matrix scorecard for 3 hypothetical buildings A, B and C
5
The idea of matrix was a very new concept for me. So creating a framework based on sustainable design metrics was quite difficult to understand for me when I heard about this for the first time. Learning Active House Criteria, sustainable matrix ideas, Understanding how daylighting works on buildings in the lecture at the morning and analyzing my research data into various segments for finding issues, applying strategies to address them and thereby quantifying the success criteria was the lessons from studio lecture sessions that helped me structure and re-structure my idea about matrix framework. Choosing ‘Daylighting’ as my matrix topic helped me explore my knowledge more about illumination design when I could successfully relate to and understand the necessary terms for this task. As per our tutor’s instruction, working with the issues and strategies paved the way to compare and generate a matrix of my own.
6
The Group Matrix The group matrix involves all three matrices conducted by all three group mates in order to combine all our strategies together to evaluate our design proposition. Daylight, Energy and Materials matrices have been analyzed through various simulation methods to achieve a projection on our proposition.
Daylight Matrix
Visual comfort
2%
70%
More productivity
Energy saving
Energy Matrix HVAC
Lighting
Equipment Lifts
Domestic Hot Water Other
Material Matrix
40%
Landfill waste
30-40%
Raw materials usage
40%
GHG Emmission
7
Final Design Proposition:
Sustainable Design of
Pavilion Make the Shift
8
Minimize mining Raising awareness
Educating Mass people
Can we stop mining? -If yes, how? -If not, what are the alternatives to reuse them? How to make the shit? The project is looking for answers to the last question here with the help of sustainable design strategies.
Mining operations have innumerable social, environmental, and economic impacts, many of which are unknown to the general public due to the remoteness of their location and their impacts are not experienced directly. It is only when the human life and the wildlife are visibly affected (which may not happen until decades after a mining site has been abandoned) that we try to do something about it, and by then the problems have become too complex and too expensive to fix. This pavilion project aims to open up the conversation about mining by tackling their negative impacts to the environment, and proposing alternatives to the mining practice. Our vision for the project is to create and build awareness surrounding mining, and to encourage the community to work together to take action now, to prevent further damage to the environment using sustainable strategies.
Orientation
Natural ventilation
Elevated from ground
Optimal angle
Photovoltaic panels
Rainwater harvesting
Bioswale
9
The Site Selection of site was another big challenge for us since our motto was to attract the mass people. Due to the low probability of mass assembly at an existing mining site, we were looking for a blooming tourist attraction. Cairns was selected as the project site for the pavilions because of its ties to mining (the town was established in support of the mining activities near Hodgkinson River) and its prominence as the gateway to the Great Barrier Reef (which may be damaged due to the proposed mine in the region). To reach a wide and varied audience, the pavilions were situated on a public space along the north end of the Esplanade.
SOUTHERN WINDS (summer and winter) 10
Design Development
The three pavilions developed deals with each aspect of the environment that are polluted by mining (air, soil, and water), and were designed based on three key directives: • Creating sensory experiences inspired by ideas and realizations regarding mining • Educating the community about sustainable design and how to implement them • Encouraging interaction with nature and the community
Our learning about the concept of biophilIa from studio lecture sessions has been contributed to the design phase of the pavilions.
1
3 2
11
WATER PAVILION
SOIL PAVILION
AD
N LA
SP
SE
IRN
CA E
AIR PAVILION
Masterplan Scale 1:250
12
Air Pavilion is located to the south of the site to enable natural air flow from southeast direction of the sea. Soil Pavilion, according to its programming, is placed where there is minimum shadow cast by the trees to provide enough daylight to the trees. On the other hand, water pavilion is placed near to the sea as it can act as a viewing deck. The openness of all pavilions invites the nature inside creating a scope for biophilic design. Learning from studio lecture sessions about thermal comfort, indoor air quality, visual comfort and energy efficiency have been applied to all the pavilions. The performance of all pavilions have been analyzed with DesignBuilder simulation tool. The studio lab sessions on this software has been very useful for exploring necessary commands for analysis the pavilions and achieving a target result.
13
Air Pavilion
Mining has direct and considerable impacts on the air quality in and around the mine site. The dust from the mine makes the environment smoggy, along with the emission of fumes from machineries and vehicles operating on the site. The dangerous air poses a serious and permanent health risk to miners and their families.Air Pavilion aims at providing an experiential activity to the visitors where they can play around with the dynamic facade modules to feel the air.
SECTION AA’
VENTILATION STRATEGIES
14
FACADE DESIGN HIERARCHY
FULLY OPEN
AT DIFFERENT POSITION
FULLY CLOSED
15
DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS
DAYLIGHT SCORING
16
THERMAL ANALYSIS
17
The Outer Zone is a spacious and open space, where pavilion visitors can directly feel and appreciate the winds moving into the building. The louver façade was designed to be interactive (pavilion visitors can open and close the louvers, creating patterns on the façade and modifying the air flow into the building), which symbolises the influence that people have over the environment, but only when they choose to do something about it.
18
The walls of the Inner Zone is wrapped by a dense, impermeable, and dark-coloured fabric, which represents the emissions to the atmosphere due to mining operations. The heaviness of the fabric symbolises the gravity of the issue, and being surrounded by it means that were are being wrapped in ignorance (and not being aware of what's outside) until the problem is too big to ignore.
19
Water Pavilion
Declining water table level in and around the mine, and contamination of surface water sources are some of the effects of mining related to water. These issues do not just affect humans but also the aquatic ecosystem, killing a large portion of flora and fauna species due to lack of clean water sources.Water pavilion encourages people to enjoy the rainwater inside the pavilion. This act represents the fact that mining is polluting water so heavily that it is impossible to enjoy the polluted water anymore. This should act as a reminder that it is high time we should rethink mining.
SECTION BB’
VENTILATION & RAINWATER 20
Details
DETAIL A
DETAIL B
DETAIL C
21
The transparent pipes wrapping around the Outer Zone help in collecting rainwater, while the water that drips through the foam roof percolates into the ground directly (after passing through the non-slip perforated floor). These elements show the concepts of collecting, reusing water and contributing to increasing the water table level, which is opposite to what occurs on a mining site.
22
DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS
DAYLIGHT SCORING
23
The Outer Zone functions as a viewing deck enclosed by a barrierless recycled transparent pipes. On a rainy day, the user can enjoy views of the sea while experiencing rainfall within the pavilion. The raindrops falling from the foam roof was meant to inspire a sense of curiosity and excitement, and hopefully this curiosity will translate to interest to know more and understand issues related to mining.
24
The Inner Zone is enclosed by frosted glass, on which pavilion visitors can “paint” using water. The water used to “paint” evaporates within seconds, depicting the vanishing water table levels near the mine area.
25
SOIL PAVILION
The main impact of mining on the soil is the removal of topsoil, which leaves behind soil that is highly contaminated with various chemicals and makes the soil unstable and unfit for any other activities or purpose. The roughness and the dullness of the mine site are expressed in the Inner Zone of the soil pavilion, which is the contrary to the bright, colorful effects created by the plants in the Outer Zone.
SECTION CC’
26
SECTION CC’
27
Details
Detail D 28
DAYLIGHT ANALYSIS
29
THERMAL ANALYSIS
30
The Outer Zone facilitates the self-sustaining cycle for growing plants, which attract butterflies and birds, and also providing a habitat for the native species population. When organic waste placed in the worm compost pit are broken down by the worms living in them, plants can grow better with natural fertilizer.
31
The Inner Zone has a soil pit filled with bio-char, creating a playful and thoughtful space for visitors. The footsteps left behind by the users represents the scars that mining sites make on the landscape. The tough texture of the walls and floor represent the soil condition of the mining sites, which are harsh and uneven.
32
Air Pavilion
Energy Scoring Water Pavilion
Soil Pavilion 33
Thank you!
A big thanks to all the teachers, teaching staffs and tutors for their countless efforts to make this studio a successful one. Thank you so much for your cooperation.