Better Health - Heart Health - Feb 2019

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Better Health D

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HYPERTENSION: new treatment, D2 KNOW THE SIGNS: cardiac surgery saved his life, D3 GUM DISEASE: more serious than you think, D4

| SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 17, 2019

“IF YOU HAVE DIABETES AND YOU

MODIFY YOUR RISKS

YOU CAN LIVE YOUR FULL LIFE AND

NOT HAVE A HEART ATTACK OR STROKE” - DR. ABRAHAM THOMAS

Statistics from the American Heart Association state that adults with type 2 diabetes are about twice as likely to die from heart disease as adults who do not have diabetes. By Anne-Gerard Flynn

Special to The Republican

The country’s high rate of obesity in recent years has highlighted the condition’s correlation in the media with the onset of type 2 diabetes. Less highlighted is the fact that many of the factors that cause diabetes also contribute to heart disease. One veteran Western Massachusetts endocrinologist likes to highlight the importance of heading off both chronic diseases - or at least minimizing their impact - by earlier identification and better management of risk factors. “When I was in training it was not uncommon for people with diabetes to have an amputation or lose their eyesight, but we don’t see as much of that now,” said Dr. Abraham Thomas, who received his medical degree from New York’s Columbia University and his master’s in public health from Harvard. “We can make a huge difference if we are following all the things that we should.” This, Thomas said, means taking the better medications that can be prescribed today if needed, keeping current with recommended screenings and visits to health care providers and adhering to a healthy lifestyle. Chair of Baystate Health’s department of medicine, Thomas talked about diabetes and heart disease as a participant in Baystate’s annual February series on heart and

vascular health. the risk factors. make insulin and as a result men and women by seven“Many of the risk factors for He cited the importance the pancreas produces little or to eight-and-a-half years. It heart disease usually exist in of the management of blood no insulin. is more than just the aging. people with type 2 diabetes. cholesterol levels with “We also do the risk factor Aging makes it worse. It is the For example high blood pres- medications in people with modification for heart disease combination.” sure,” said Thomas in a recent diabetes as abnormal levels for people with type 1. So, if While people with type 1 interview. can cause blocked arteries they have high blood pressure, diabetes have to take insulin “Many people with diabetes and lead to cardiovascular we want to treat that, if their since their bodies do not make have high blood pressure. disease. weight goes up, which can be it or enough of it to regulate People with diabetes have abHe added other risk factors more common in people with the body’s blood sugar levels, normal cholesterol patterns.” include being insulin resistype 1 diabetes, we make sure Thomas said “not everyone He added smoking and obe- tant, a condition common they have a healthy lifestyle needs to be on insulin” with sity are traditional risk factors with obesity. and address their cholestertype 2 diabetes and that there ol.” for heart disease that many “We look at risk factor are “many more medical Thomas added statin drugs options in treating type 2 diapeople “with type 2 types modification - things we can betes in recent years.” are used to lower blood already have.” change,” Thomas said. The American Diabetes “There is also damage from “If patients have high blood cholesterol levels, and that angiotensin-converting enzyme Association’s 2018 “Standards the high glucoses that affect pressure, can we get their (ACE) inhibitors or angioten- of Medical Care in Diabetes” blood vessels both large and blood pressure to a target. sin II receptor blockers (ARBs) was released with new recomsmall. Some of it impacts For those with diabetes, the mendations for people with are often used to treat high the heart. Some of it impacts recommendation is usually blood pressure in people who cardiovascular disease and vessels in other parts of the 130/80. If they have abnormal diabetes. are diabetic. body,” said Thomas of the cholesterol, we treat them The lengthy document Thomas was asked about impact of type 2 diabetes even before they have their discusses how the complex on blood sugar levels and diabetes. If they are smoking, the estimate that at least 68 disease is diagnosed the ability of the and treated and hormone insulin to how this sometimes regulate these levels includes addressing by getting cells to behavioral health absorb the glucose or issues. Medical thersugar that is stored apy for type 2 often for energy. starts with addressStatistically, people ing blood glucose with diabetes are levels, as well as said to be at twice self-management. the risk for ischemic “The recommenstroke, that is, developing a blockage dation now is that if within a blood vessel you are diagnosed supplying blood to with diabetes you the brain, than those start with medication as well as without diabetes lifestyle. It used to and to have a higher be you were just risk factor for heart treated for lifestyle disease at a younger at the beginning age. depending on the Treatment, ThomDr. Abraham Thomas is an endocrinologist and chair of medicine at Baystate as said, is key. severity of your Health as well as at UMass Medical School-Baystate. (ANNE-GERARD FLYNN PHOTO) “There are some diabetes when they features of heart disease found it out,” Thomas said. that may be a little bit differwe have them stop smoking. If percent of people age 65 or ent in people with diabetes “Not everyone is successful they are sedentary, can we get older with diabetes die from but in many ways, we do the with lifestyle and they did not some form of heart disease them to change their activity same types of treatment,” want to wait six months to a and 16 percent die of stroke level.” Thomas said. year before putting someone could be attributed to the Thomas added that with “For example, the risk for on a medication. That has body’s aging process. type 1 diabetes the “likelihood of having heart disease heart disease goes up for been my recommendation for “There is greater impact women, compared to men, af- is much earlier” and “higher quite a while now. “ with diabetes. If you have ter menopause but if you have than the average person.” He added, “If we treat it, we diabetes you are more likely to diabetes that risk is earlier in “This is because most lower the risk of something have a heart attack or stroke life and that earlier risk is true people with type 1 diabetes and then if you have one, your happening.” also for men with diabetes.” start with the disease much “As an endocrinologist - and risk of having another is highHe added, “However, for the younger in life,” said Thomas, er,” Thomas said. for all physicians who take “The average life span is most part, if we want to avoid adding that type 1 is an autocare of people with diabetes immune disease that attacks about 78 years and diabetes heart disease in people with - when we talk about treatdiabetes, we want to modify the cells of the pancreas that shortens that life span in ing diabetes as well as heart

“The recommendation now is that if you are diagnosed with diabetes you start with medication as well as lifestyle.”

disease prevention we are talking about taking care of the ABC’s,” said Thomas of the phrase popularized a few years ago by American Diabetes Association and the American College of Cardiology that refers to A1C (blood sugar level), blood pressure and cholesterol. “You have to treat those as well as all the risk factors.” He added, “There are lots more medications than ever before to treat diabetes, and good medications to treat blood pressure and cholesterol.” “If you have diabetes and you can modify your risks you can actually live your full life and not have to have your heart attack or stroke,” said Thomas, referring to such statistics as that from the American Heart Association that adults with type 2 diabetes are about twice as likely to die from heart disease as adults who do not have diabetes. “You can make a big difference taking care of yourself and working with your health care provider.” Other speakers in Baystate’s heart and vascular health series, held this month from noon to 2 p.m. at the Baystate Health Education Center, 361 Whitney Ave., Holyoke, include “Advances in Stroke Treatment,” presented today, Feb. 17, by Dr. E. Jesus Duffis, director of Baystate’s neurointerventional surgery division. The talk will focus on the warning signs of strokes as well as what is being done to enhance recovery. Also, “Surgical Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease 2019: Modern Treatment for an Age-Old Disease,” to be presented Feb. 24 by Dr. Thomas Schwann, Baystate’s chief of cardiac surgery, will focus on coronary artery bypass graft surgery and who qualifies for it. Registration is required for each session and can be done online or call (413) 794-5200. The lecture series is sponsored by Health New England.


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