Michael Sandel at The Richmond Forum by The Richmond Forum

Michael Sandel November 21, 2015

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letter from the e xecutive director

letter from the

Executive Director On behalf of our board of directors, staff, and all of our sponsors, welcome to the thirtieth season of The Richmond Forum. Tonight’s program exemplifies the best of what The Forum has brought to the Richmond community since its rebirth in 1987. As today’s most famous American political philosopher, Michael Sandel has made his name promoting civil discourse and the thoughtful, public debate of challenging questions—two principles that have always been at the heart of this organization’s efforts. Our founder, Ralph Krueger, fervently believed that a nonpartisan public forum that promotes conversations of this kind is essential to maintaining an informed citizenry—the most fundamental requirement of a functioning democracy. Democracy, it turns out, is no easy endeavor. Underlying nearly every vote are hard questions of our government’s responsibility to its citizens, the balance between the protection of individual rights and the promotion of the greater good, and the rights of the minority in the face of the majority. Tonight, Professor Sandel will lead us in an exploration of these hard questions. At his best when he is able to interact with his audiences— just as he interacts with his Justice students in Sanders Theatre at Harvard—our guests seated in the front orchestra will become a part of the discourse. I believe you will find this program to be thought-provoking and a lot of fun. In addition, tonight, we are very proud to unveil our new thirtieth anniversary coffee table book, The Forum Files: The Stories Behind The Richmond Forum. Award-winning author and Forum subscriber Ray McAllister has done an amazing

job unearthing the mostly forgotten history of this series and its predecessors, as well as the behind-the-scenes stories and photos that are being shared in this book for the very first time. If you’ve ever wondered how the largest speaker series in America came to be in Richmond, Virginia, you may be surprised to learn that you have to go back to the 19th century to fully answer that question. Copies of The Forum Files are available for purchase at various locations around the theater tonight for $38.95. If you pre-purchased a signed copy, we have it waiting for you in the lobby for easy pick-up. Thank you to Ray McAllister, and to everybody who shared information, stories, and personal memorabilia for the book. We couldn’t have done it without your help. Finally, we dedicate this thirtieth season of The Richmond Forum to Ralph F. Krueger, Jr., in honor of his vision, tenacity, and creativity. In his final interview before his death in 1993, Ralph told a reporter, “I really feel we’ve given Richmond a gift. . . . Hopefully, it will sustain itself for a while.” Thirty seasons and going strong. Thank you to Ralph. And thank you to all of you. Bill Chapman Executive Director / Producer bill@richmondforum.org Twitter: @forumbill

The Hard Questions of Democracy November 21, 2015

Opening program and National Anthem

Richmond Concert Band

Opening remarks Bill Chapman Executive Director The Richmond Forum

Welcome and introduction Kelly L. Groh Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer Genworth Financial

Presentation

Michael Sandel

Fifteen-minute intermission for collection of audience questions

Remarks

Audience questions

Closing remarks

Mr. Chapman Mr. Sandel with Mr. Chapman Mr. Chapman

Connecting Richmond to the World.

Tonightâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s presentation may not be recorded or photographed by any means for any purpose. Please turn off all electronic devices during the program.

tonight â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pr ogra m

Michael Sandel

Well-known columnist and conservative political analyst George Will calls Michael Sandel, “a political philosopher, a public intellectual, and a liberal, but not the annoying sort. His aim is not to boss people around but to bring them around to the pleasures of thinking clearly about social issues.” The Washington Post says, “Sandel is best at bringing moral clarity to the alternatives we confront as democratic citizens.” And Newsweek magazine merely calls Sandel, “the world’s most relevant living philosopher.” Bringing such disparate social critics into alignment is indicative of Harvard political philosopher and author Michael Sandel’s skill at leading groups in a penetrating and evenhanded examination of the ethical dilemmas we confront in politics and in our everyday lives. His legendary course, Justice, has enrolled more than 15,000 students who pack auditoriums to enthusiastically engage with him on issues of democracy, justice, equality, and citizenship. The course has also been viewed by millions of people around the world as the first Harvard course to be made freely available online and on public television.

Sandel’s background offers a glimpse into his life-long pursuit of “morally engaged public discourse.” He was born in Minneapolis in 1953 and moved to Los Angeles at age 13. He was president of his senior class in high school, graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Brandeis University in 1975 with a degree in politics, and received his doctorate as a Rhodes Scholar at Oxford, where he studied under noted philosopher Charles Taylor. He’s been a professor of political philosophy at Harvard since 1980. In his New York Times bestseller, Justice: What’s the Right Thing to Do?, Sandel leads readers on an examination of how reasoned debate can illuminate democratic life. Justice has been translated into 27 languages and has sold more than two million copies. His recent book, What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets, takes on one of the biggest ethical questions of our time: What should be the role of money and markets in our society? A recipient of the Harvard-Radcliffe Phi Beta Kappa Teaching Prize, Sandel was recognized by the American Political Science Association in 2008 for a career of excellence in teaching. He’s been a visiting professor at the Sorbonne in Paris, delivered the Tanner Lectures on Human Values at Oxford University, and in 2009 delivered the BBC Reith Lectures. In 2010, China Newsweek named him the “most influential foreign figure of the year.” From 2002 to 2005, Sandel served on the President’s Council on Bioethics. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Board of Trustees of Brandeis University, the Board of Directors of the Institute for Human Sciences (Vienna), and the Council on Foreign Relations.

michael sandel

Michael Sandel

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Tonight, we are pleased to present the Richmond Concert Band’s Celebrate America Band as our musical guests. Since 1971, the Richmond Concert Band has been entertaining audiences throughout the Richmond area and beyond, presenting its special brand of family entertainment for audiences of all sizes. On July 4th, you’ll find the band at Dogwood Dell; on Mother’s Day and other times, at Agecroft Hall; on Easter weekend, at Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden; and in December, at various houses of worship. Throughout the year, the band presents free

concerts throughout the metro area. In addition to performing, the Richmond Concert Band supports the instrumental music program in the Richmond Public Schools through its Old Instruments for Young Hands program. Membership in the Richmond Concert Band is open to anyone who plays a band instrument and wants to be a part of an adult concert band. For more information, call 804-737-3767. Or you can find them online at www.richmondconcertband.org or www.facebook.com/richmondconcertband.

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For teaching us all to fight for what is right, VCI thanks political philosopher Michael Sandel. Your work is a testament to the power of integrity.

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Developing Citizen Leaders Since 1839

Nearly a thousand students crowd into Harvard’s historic Sanders Theatre to attend the course Justice, taught by Professor Michael Sandel. Together they engage in discussions about justice, equality, democracy, and citizenship. Sandel’s classes challenge students to consider hard moral dilemmas and “the right thing to do” in politics and their everyday lives, while grappling with the ideas of famous thinkers of the past. A sampling of the topics and questions covered in Justice is below.

In general, is it permissible to harm a smaller number of innocent people to prevent greater harm to a larger number of people? During the Civil War, men drafted into war had the option of paying less privileged citizens to fight in their place. Does today’s voluntary army have the same characteristics? John Locke believes that government, once it is set up, should be guided by the principle of majority rule. However, he also believes that the purpose of government is to protect people’s rights, including their “unalienable” right to property. What if these two goals conflict? What if a poor majority wants to tax a rich minority?

Should we compensate for historical injustices such as slavery and segregation? How involved should government be in legislating morality? When a university’s stated mission is to increase diversity, is it a violation of rights to deny a white person admission? According to philosopher Robert Nozick, when the government takes even a dollar from Bill Gates, a billionaire, and gives it to a poor person, it is like forcing Gates to work for the poor person. Is Nozick right to think that redistributive taxation is like forced labor?

Justice is the first Harvard course to be made freely available online and on public television. To learn more, visit: www.justiceharvard.org

“justice” class topics

“Justice” Class Topics

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Democracy is a device that ensures we shall be governed no better than we deserve. George Bernard Shaw (1856–1950) Irish Playwright and Economist Democracy is the worst form of government except all those other forms that have been tried from time to time. Sir Winston Churchill (1874–1965) British Prime Minister Democracy and socialism have nothing in common but one word, equality. But notice the difference: while democracy seeks equality in liberty, socialism seeks equality in restraint and servitude. Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859) French Political Historian The liberty of the individual must be thus far limited: he must not make himself a nuisance to other people. John Stuart Mill (1806–1873) British Social and Political Philosopher The government, which was designed for the people, has gotten into the hands of bosses and their employers, the special interests. An invisible empire has been set up above the forms of democracy. Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924) 28th U.S. President On account of being a democracy and run by the people, we are the only nation in the world that has to keep a government four years, no matter what it does. Will Rogers (1879–1935) American Humorist and Critic

Your representative owes you, not his industry only, but his judgment; and he betrays instead of serving you if he sacrifices it to your opinion. Edmund Burke (1729–1797) Anglo-Irish Statesman and Philosopher We are not afraid to entrust the American people with unpleasant facts, foreign ideas, alien philosophies, and competitive values. For a nation that is afraid to let its people judge the truth and falsehood in an open market is a nation that is afraid of its people. John F. Kennedy (1917–1963) 35th U.S. President A democracy is nothing more than mob rule, where fifty-one percent of the people may take away the rights of the other forty-nine. Unkown Often misattributed to Thomas Jefferson Government has no other end, but the preservation of property. John Locke (1632–1704) English Political Philosopher Without God, democracy will not and cannot long endure. Ronald Reagan (1911–2004) 40th U.S. President In a democracy the poor will have more power than the rich, because there are more of them, and the will of the majority is supreme. Aristotle (384–322 BC) Greek Philosopher

voices on democracy

Voices on Democracy

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pope francis on democracy

Pope Francis on Democracy Excerpted from Pope Francisâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; address before a joint session of Congress on September 24, 2015

Each son or daughter of a given country has a mission, a personal and social responsibility. Your own responsibility as members of Congress is to enable this country, by your legislative activity, to grow as a nation. You are the face of its people, their representatives. You are called to defend and preserve the dignity of your fellow citizens in the tireless and demanding pursuit of the common good, for this is the chief aim of all politics. A political society endures when it seeks, as a vocation, to satisfy common needs by stimulating the growth of all its members, especially those in situations of greater vulnerability or risk. Legislative activity is always based on care for the people. To this you have been invited, called and convened by those who elected you.

... Here I think of the political history of the United States, where democracy is deeply rooted in the mind of the American people. All political activity must serve and promote the good of the human person and be based on respect for his or her dignity. â&#x20AC;&#x153;We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.â&#x20AC;? If politics must truly be at the service of the human person, it follows that it cannot be a slave to the economy and finance. Politics is, instead, an expression of our compelling need to live as one, in order to build as one the greatest common good: that of a community which sacrifices particular interests in order to share, in justice and peace, its goods, its interests, its social life. I do not underestimate the difficulty that this involves, but I encourage you in this effort.

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be yond red vs. blue

Beyond Red vs. Blue The New Political Typology According to the Pew Research Group

Even in an increasingly Red vs. Blue nation, the public’s political attitudes and values come in many shades and hues. The vast and growing gap between Republicans and Democrats is a defining feature of American democratic politics today. But beyond the ideological edges is a large and diverse center unified by frustration with politics and little else. The latest Pew Research Center political typology sorts voters into cohesive groups based on their attitudes and values, not their partisan labels. It’s based on the largest political survey ever undertaken by the Pew Center, conducted in 2014 among 10,013 adults across the U.S. The new typology has eight groups. Three are strongly ideological, highly politicallyengaged, and overwhelmingly partisan, with two on the far right and one on the far left. Taken together, the following three groups form the electoral base of the Democratic and Republican Parties. Their influence on American politics is strong. Steadfast Conservatives are staunch critics of government and the social safety net; they are very socially conservative. Business Conservatives share Steadfast Conservatives’ preference for limited government, but they differ in their support for big business and immigration reform. Business Conservatives are also far more moderate on social issues. Solid Liberals express liberal attitudes across almost every realm—government, the economy and business, and foreign policy, as well as on race, homosexuality, and abortion. They are reliable and loyal Democratic voters.

The other four typology groups are less partisan, less predictable, and have little in common with each other or the groups at either end of the political spectrum. Young Outsiders lean Republican but do not have a strong allegiance to the Republican Party; in fact, they tend to dislike both political parties. They diverge from traditional GOP orthodoxy on many issues; yet, in their support for limited government, Young Outsiders are firmly in the Republicans’ camp. Hard-Pressed Skeptics have been battered by the struggling economy, and their difficult financial circumstances have left them resentful of both government and business. Despite their criticism of government performance, they back more generous government support for the poor and needy. Next Generation Left are young, relatively affluent, and very liberal on social issues like same-sex marriage and abortion. But they have reservations about the cost of social programs. Most of the Next Generation Left support affirmative action yet reject the idea that racial discrimination is the main reason why many blacks are unable to get ahead. Faith and Family Left lean Democratic, based on their confidence in government and support for federal programs. But this very religious, racially and ethnically diverse group is uncomfortable with rapid societal change, including the acceptance of homosexuality and non-traditional family structures. Bystanders represent 10% of the public, are on the sidelines of the political process. They are not registered to vote and pay very little attention to politics.

Richmond Forum Attendees

General Public

17% Solid Liberals 29% Solid Liberals

17% Faith and Family Left 3% Faith and Family Left

26% Next Generation Left

13% Next Generation Left

14% Hard-Pressed Skeptics 8% Young Outsiders 14% Young Outsiders 26% Business Conservatives

8% Steadfast Conservatives

11% Business Conservatives

13% Steadfast Conservatives

0% of Forum subscribers were identified as being in the “Hard-Pressed Skeptics” group.

To take the Richmond Forum/Pew Research Typology Quiz: www.tinyurl.com/forumpew To learn more about the Typologies: www.people-press.org/2014/06/26/typology-comparison To download the full Pew Report: www.people-press.org/files/2014/06/6-26-14-Political-Typology-release1.pdf

be yond red vs. blue

In October, we asked you to participate in the Political Typology survey, and Pew compared our audience to the U.S. general public. (Results below exclude the 10% of the general public that Pew identifies as “Bystanders.”) 1,210 subscribers and sponsors had participated in the study when this program book went to press, resulting in a 95% confidence level with +/-2.4% margin of error.

2_16344 6.125 x 9 bw

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1 - 8 0 0 -T O - W E L L S

Percent saying…

Stick to their positions

Compromise with those they disagree with

11%

84%

Solid Liberals Faith and Family Left

45%

Next Generation Left

26%

Hard-Pressed Skeptics

General Population

49%

38%

Business Conservatives

Bystanders

71%

47%

Young Outsiders

Steadfast Conservatives

50%

57%

43% 62%

52% 33%

50% 39%

41% 56%

be yond red vs. blue (continued)

Stand on Principle or Work for Compromise? Pew survey question: “Which comes closer to your view: I like elected officials who make compromises with people they disagree with OR I like elected officials who stick to their positions?”

Typical Richmond: To Tell The Story of Thirty Years of The Richmond Forum, We Had to Go Back to 1826. In honor of our thirtieth season, award-winning author Ray McAllister rummaged through more than a half-century of Richmond Forum files and meeting minutes, scoured more than 150 years of newspaper articles, and interviewed scores of Richmonders and Forum speakers alike to unearth the history and fascinating behind-the-scenes stories of The Richmond Forum and its predecessors. The Forum Files is a fascinating and colorful history of Americaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s largest lecture series, and how it came to be so. The Forum Files is on sale here tonight for the first time anywhere. Grab a first-edition copy for yourself. And everybody on your gift list! The Forum Files // Hardcover // 148 full-color pages, plus foreword and preface Filled with photos, correspondence, and memorabilia from our files // $38.95

On Sale Tonight! Great Holiday Gift! www.theforumfiles.com www.richmondforum.org

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Executive Committee

Linda M. Warren Chair Community Volunteer

Amy P. Nisenson Governance Committee Chair Mary Morton Parsons Foundation

Erika T. Davis Owens & Minor

Chris M. Little SingleStone

Ronald P. Ferguson II U.S. Trust/Bank of America

Gaye C. Montgomery Altria

Anne Lynam Goddard ChildFund International

Monica M. Rao Graphoria, Inc.

Directors

Ed Grier VCU School of Business

Daphne Maxwell Reid DMR Fresh Prints

Amanda N. Aghdami Capital One Bank

Mark J. Hourigan Hourigan Construction

E. Matthew Schaaf IV Xenith Bank

Robert K. Beckler, Ph.D. WestRock

Dean K. Jarrett The Martin Agency

Jacquelyn E. Stone McGuireWoods

Shawn C. Boyer DieHappy

Nancy F. Langston, Ph.D. Community Volunteer

Mark O. Webb Dominion Resources

I. Lee Chapman IV Davenport & Company LLC

Robert R. Lindgren Randolph-Macon College

John S. West Troutman Sanders LLP

Catherine H. Claiborne Universal Leaf Tobacco Company

J. Theodore Linhart Dominion Auto Group

Raymond J. Lepper Program Committee Chair Panamint Group

Otis S. Jones Vice Chair IBM James W. Dunn Treasurer Bon Secours Virginia Health System Philip H. Goodpasture Secretary Williams Mullen Carroll W. Swenson Investment Committee Chair Wells Fargo Whitney K. Forstner Education Committee Chair Momentum Resources

Production Team & Staff Production

John Carter Hailey Stage Manager

Glenn Major Director of Operations Support

Susan Senita Bradshaw Assistant Stage Manager

James W. Bynum Student Room Manager

Boitnott Visual Communications HD Video

Sarah Powell Heidi Thompson William Willersdorf Box Office

Ryan Marasco Production Manager Boitnott Visual Communications Dave Swain Motion Graphics

Henry Gonzalez VIP Ground Transportation First Class Service

Carlos Chafin Composer In Your Ear

Josée Covington Air Travel Covington Travel

Daphne Maxwell Reid Voiceover

P. Kevin Morley Photographer

Altria Theater

Peter Habenicht Writer

Audrey M. Booth Theater Manager Steve Sweet Technical Director

Susan Greenbaum Proofreader

2016–2017 Richmond Forum Scholars

Peyton Badura James River High School Frederick Hayton James River High School Nadine Lin Douglas S. Freeman High School Matty Pahren Collegiate School Dharaa Rathi Maggie L. Walker Governor’s School

Staff

Bill Chapman Executive Director / Producer bill@richmondforum.org Twitter: @forumbill Debbie Mangolas Office & Ticket Sales Manager debbie@richmondforum.org Dee A. Raubenstine Director of Development & Special Events dee@richmondforum.org The Richmond Forum 6968 Forest Hill Avenue Richmond, Virginia 23225 (804) 330-3993 www.richmondforum.org

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2 0 1 5 – 2 0 1 6 pat r o n s

2015–2016 Patrons Lead Patron Altria Group Davenport & Company LLC Dominion Resources Genworth Financial, Inc. Wells Fargo Host Patron Capital One Bank Hourigan Construction Owens & Minor Troutman Sanders LLP Universal Corporation Producer Patron Boitnott Visual Communications C. Kenneth and Dianne Wright Foundation Comcast Metro Richmond Covington Travel First Tennessee Bank IBM Longwood University PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP SingleStone The Trust Company of Virginia TowneBank Richmond U.S. Trust/Bank of America Private Wealth Management VCU Health VCU School of Business Foundation Virginia Cancer Institute Virginia Commonwealth University Williams Mullen HD Simulcast Room Patron Virginia Lottery Educational Patron Dr. & Mrs. W. Baxter Perkinson, Jr. Trinity Episcopal School Wells Fargo Foundation Media Patron Community Idea Stations WCVE-WHTJ-WCVW-88.9FM Music Patron Moore Cadillac Company Transportation Patron First Class Service, LLC WINN Transportation Municipalities City of Richmond County of Chesterfield County of Henrico

Sponsor Actuarial Consulting Group Bon Secours Virginia Health System Buckingham Greenery, Inc. C.H. Robinson Office of Catholic Education, Diocese of Richmond Mr. & Mrs. Langdon T. Christian IV Cream Studio Cushman & Wakefield | Thalhimer Dynex Capital The Fahrenheit Group Heritage Wealth Advisors HHHunt Hunton & Williams LLP Kaufman & Canoles, P.C. Landmark Apartment Trust LeClairRyan McGuireWoods LLP Tissa & Bart Nasta PadillaCRT Rainbow Station Randolph-Macon College Towers Watson Virginia State University WestRock Contributor 2nd Order Solutions Actuarial Benefits & Design Co. Patsy & Bruce Arnett BB&T CapTech CEBCO INC. Commonwealth Retirement Advisors DieHappy DSC Logistics Ernst & Young LLP (EY) Hoover & Strong, Inc. In Your Ear J.P. Morgan Christine & David Klein Markel Corporation Judy & Dave Pahren SMART Resources Tredway S. Spratley SunTrust Bank Westham Partners Friend Dr. & Mrs. Ralph L. Anderson B&B Printing Mr. & Mrs. Roger L. Boevé The Brink’s Company Julie Christopher & Marge Connelly Endodontic Partners Steven F. Glessner, MD & Virginia Schuster

Philip Goodpasture Mr. & Mrs. William H. Goodwin, Jr. Thomas A. Grant Mr. & Mrs. Allan Kahane Betty G. & Todd LePage Mary & Ted Linhart Mr. & Mrs. Robert A. Mann The Martin Agency Mutual Assurance Society of VA Mary Ellen Pauli & Timothy D. Smith M.H. Reinhart & Shirley Baker Lisa & Leon Roday Mary Beth & Jim Shannon Mr. & Mrs. James E. Ukrop VAMAC, Inc. Vanessa & James Wigand Supporter Dottie Amore & Andrea Amore-Clark Frazier & Brad Armstrong Gary Armstrong & Sherrie Brach Betty & Tommy Baer Betsy A. Bampton Kenneth C. Blaisdell & Sherryn Stauffer Winn & Scott Bleicher Karen & Joseph Brower James Buzzard Linda & Dale Cannady Jeff Chapman & Katrina Dozier Dr. Sheila D. Clasbey Kim B. Claytor Candace & Robert Cody Angela & Ted Cox Susan & Harold Cruse Helen & Cliff Culley Mrs. Creed S. Davis Carol & Frank DePew Mr. & Mrs. Kevin Druff Nita & Jack Enoch William R. Fields Susan & Steve Gaidos Mr. & Mrs. Robert B. Giles Marsha & Bill Ginther Maya & Stuart Glaser Nancy & Bruce Gottwald Linda & Mark Greer Dr. Ed Griggs Lisa Halberstadt & Jeffrey Lacker Mr. & Mrs. A. William Hamill Judy Hart Michael Hayes Ellen Marie & Philip Hess Trish & Jon Hill Jay Holloway Kathleen & Dennis Holman Bobbie Hunt Ms. Louise Jackson

Amy & David Nisenson Nyfeler Associates Paula & W. Jefferson O’Flaherty Laurie Petronis & Jeff German Bobbi Piguet W. Paul Pitts Leslie & Loyal Pridgen Susan Prizzia Rainbow Station at the Boulders Andi & Brian Redmond Daphne Maxwell Reid & Tim Reid Karen & Paul Reilly Mr. & Mrs. Robert Q. Rhodes Linda & Michael Rigsby Mr. & Mrs. N. Pendleton Rogers Carly & Rick Schofield Dr. & Mrs. Maurice Schwarz Joe Schwerer & Deborah Atkinson Mr. & Mrs. Thomas E. Shockley

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JoycePayne Partners Linda & Kerry Keenan Bruce Kelley Ray Knapp & Ellen Ray Nancy F. Langston Drs. Bernice & Wiley Latham Lead Virginia Pamela & Raymond Lepper Rhoda & John Mahoney Paul Manno Blair Martin Candace & Patrick Martin Dale & Clayton Mays McKinney and Company Benita & Michael Miller Kathy & Bill Monday Eileen & Daniel Murphy Lindy Nevi, Asimina Fergusson & Sharon Miller

Lisa & Will Sims Leila & Kirk Spitzer Leslie Stack & Frank Rizzo Mr. & Mrs. Charles E. Stallings Polly Stephens & Michael Fatsi Carolyn & Geoffrey Stiff Kenneth E. Stoner, DDS Joe Teefey & Judy Collins Claiborne W. Terry Marilyn & Bobby Thalhimer Melodie Thigpen & Paulette Moncol Linda & Art Warren Carol W. & Douglas A. Wayne Abbie Welsh Mr. & Mrs. Richard T. Wilson III

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Trinity Episcopal School advocates service to one’s community as an important aspect of individual character development and the creation of a strong community. These Trinity students, selected from the School’s Honor Roll, serve as pages for The Richmond Forum this season. Through their service, the students facilitate an exchange of ideas that broadens our understanding of the trends and issues shaping our lives and our community. Drew Acquaye Garrett Allen Dominic Angeli Frank Barksdale III Caroline Bell Harper Bibb Jack Bibb Emma Blake Katherine Bowe Matthew Brassington Katherine Cantone Carolyn Corbet Ellis Credle

Katherine Daniel Grace Diloreto Suzanne Diloreto Michael Donnelly Meredith Eaheart Andrea Eichenberger Sallie Ellett Ann Maclin Ferrell Cameron Ferris Alexandria Flood James Flowers Alexa Fojtik Anastasia Graves

Meredith Hughes Mary Kern Samuel Kettlewell-Sites Natalie King Parker Layton Caroline Lea Matthew Majikes Phebe Martin Madison Michalec Julia Morton Ellis Mumford Daniel Pelkey Erin Reedy

Elizabeth Rivera Logan Roberts Collin Sandler Parker Shama Cole Shugart Rebecca Walko Noah Witt Noah Yates Elizabeth Kelley, Advisor Sarah McDermott, Advisor

The Richmond FoRum Welcomes The sTudenTs and FaculTy oF TRiniTy episcopal school in a special pRogRam designed To connecT The classRoom, The communiTy and cuRRenT evenTs. In AcAdemIcs We discover what motivates students and use that knowledge to challenge them In The InTernATIonAl BAccAlAureATe ProgrAm Academics with a world view provide a competitive curriculum in a dynamic environment In The communITy We celebrate the differences that make us individuals and the common ground that makes us a community WITh The FAculTy Building relationships based on mutual respect helps students realize their full potential dIscover your PATh AT TrInITy ePIscoPAl school 3850 Pittaway Drive, Richmond, VA 23235 • (804) 272-5864 www.trinityes.org

We are grateful to Dr. & Mrs. W. Baxter Perkinson, Jr. for their financial support for this educational program.

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Thirty Seasons of The Richmond Forum 1987 January Ted Koppel February Hodding Carter, Paul Duke and Larry Speakes March Diane Sawyer with Brent Scowcroft April Charles Kuralt 1988 January Oprah Winfrey February Marvin Kalb, Jeane Kirkpatrick and Vladimir Pozner March George Will April Art Buchwald 1989 January Sam Donaldson February Henry Kissinger and John Chancellor March William Buckley and Charles Rangel April Dr. Carl Sagan 1990 January Paul Duke, Howard Fineman and Charles McDowell February Frank Carlucci, Bettina Gregory, George McGovern, William Proxmire and William Rusher March Mike Wallace April Alistair Cooke 1 990–1991 October Chancellor Helmut Schmidt January Adm. William Crowe, Gen. Alexander Haig, Robert McFarlane and Edwin Newman February H. Ross Perot March Art Buchwald and Andy Rooney April James Burke, Dr. Frank Drake and James Lovell 1991–1992 October Barbara Walters January PM Margaret Thatcher February Larry King with Gen. Norman Schwarzkopf March Patricia Cornwell, Dr. Victor McKusick and Dr. Marc Micozzi April Mark Russell 1 992–1993 October Terry Anderson January Hiroki Kato and T. Boone Pickens February Dr. Joyce Brothers March Bill Cosby April Mikhail Gorbachev with Cokie Roberts 1 993–1994 November Lamar Alexander, Marvin Cetron, Sen. Warren Rudman with Chris Wallace January Louis Rukeyser with Frank Cappiello and Michael Holland February President George H. W. Bush March Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross April Bob Newhart 1994–1995 November Gen. Colin Powell January Walter Cronkite February Dave Barry March Tom Clancy April Jack Kemp and George Mitchell

1 995–1996 November PM Brian Mulroney and Ambassador Carla Hills January Neil Armstrong, Capt. Eugene Cernan, Dick Rutan with David Hartman February Calvin Trillin March Charles Kuralt April David Gergen, Pierre Salinger, Sheila Tate, Bob Woodward with Ed Bradley 1996–1997 November Dick Cavett and Carl Reiner January Ray Brady with Paul A. Volcker February Doris Kearns Goodwin and David McCullough March Andrew Lloyd Webber with David Frost April Marcia Clark, Philip K. Howard, Dr. Rodney Smolla, Kym Worthy with Prof. Arthur Miller 1997–1998 November Bill Moyers January Wynton Marsalis February PM Shimon Peres March Mary Tyler Moore April Peter Lynch 1 998–1999 November PM John Major January Robert Bennett and Dr. William Bennett with Tim Russert February Harry S. Dent and Lou Dobbs March Lily Tomlin April Dr. Robert Ballard and Jean-Michel Cousteau

1999–2000 November Julie Andrews January Todd Brewster and Peter Jennings February Ray Brady, Michael Connors and John Krubski March Archbishop Desmond Tutu April James Carville and Newt Gingrich 2000–2001 November Sen. John Glenn January Tom Brokaw February PM Benjamin Netanyahu March Frank McCourt April Dr. William Kelso 2 001–2002 November Hal Holbrook January Rabbi Marc Gellman and Msgr. Thomas Hartman February Dick Clark March Doris Kearns Goodwin and David McCullough April Madeleine K. Albright and James A. Baker III with Gwen Ifill 2 002–2003 November Ken Burns January Rudolph W. Giuliani February PM Benazir Bhutto and Queen Noor with Gwen Ifill March Louis Freeh April Sen. Fred Thompson

2005–2006 November Robert Redford January Sherry Lansing February Gen. Colin Powell March Tom Wolfe April Rick Wagoner 2 006–2007 November Burt Rutan January Malcolm Gladwell and Alvin Toffler February B.B. King March Jim Lehrer April Dr. Jared Diamond 2007–2008 November President Vicente Fox January Carly Fiorina February Michael Douglas March Dr. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. April David Brooks 2008–2009 November PM Tony Blair January Reza Aslan and Jon Meacham February Smokey Robinson with Daphne Maxwell Reid March Terry Bradshaw and Howie Long April Marion Nestle and Michael Pollan 2009–2010 November Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson January Greg Mortenson March Steve Forbes April Condoleezza Rice May David Plouffe

2010–2011 November President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf January Laura Bush February Anderson Cooper March Dr. George Church April David Blaine 2011–2012 November Dr. Robert Ballard January Robert Gates February Quincy Jones with Tim Reid March Charles Krauthammer and Robert Reich with John Donvan April Sir Ken Robinson and Rafe Esquith 2012–2013 November Platon January Steven Spielberg, Tony Kushner and Doris Kearns Goodwin with Tim Reid February President Bill Clinton March Capt. Mark Kelly with Gabrielle Giffords April Dr. Jane Goodall 2013–2014 November Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Imam Feisal Abdul Rauf and Maajid Nawaz with John Donvan January Dan Buettner February President George W. Bush March PM Gordon Brown April Steve Martin and Martin Short 2014–2015 November Diana Nyad January Garry Trudeau March Ben Bernanke April Dr. Daniel Levitin and Rosanne Cash May Gen. Keith Alexander and Robert Mueller with John Donvan This Season November Michael Sandel January Alan Alda February James Balog March PM Julia Gillard April Russell Wilson and Dr. Henry Louis Gates, Jr.

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2 004–2005 November Gen. Tommy Franks January Michael Beschloss and Walter Isaacson February Tim Russert March Fareed Zakaria April Frank Gehry

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2 003–2004 November Cal Ripken, Jr. January Robert Shiller and Jeremy Siegel February Candice Bergen March PM Mary Robinson April Thomas L. Friedman

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Alan Alda Things I Overheard While Talking to Myself January 16, 2016

One of America’s most beloved television stars, Alan Alda is best known for portraying Hawkeye Pierce on M*A*S*H. Over his 40-year career, he has been an actor, writer, science advocate, and director, and has won seven Emmys and six Golden Globes. At The Richmond Forum, Alda will share stories of his life and career and take a humorous look at a serious question: What’s been the meaning of my life? After surviving a near-death experience on a mountaintop in Chile, it’s a question he gave a great deal of thought to, and his conclusion holds some surprises.

James Balog

Julia Gillard

Eyewitness to a Changing World

A Commanding Woman’s View

February 13, 2016

March 12, 2016

Russell Wilson

Dr. Henry Louis Gates, Jr.

The Roots of a Champion April 2, 2016

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Makechang ereal. I came to VCU wanting to be a police officer, which is why I chose to study criminal justice. Last year, I got the opportunity to visit a juvenile detention center, talk to the kids and play basketball. It was incredibly humbling and motivating. Now I have the honor of serving on Virginiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s juvenile justice board. Thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the kind of experience I was looking for.

What will you make real? makeitreal.vcu.edu

Melvin Johnson, senior, criminal justice major

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