Delft Project 1

sandev o o r d e creating new places in the sand

G 5/T 1 Da n ie l R a da i w ith Xu w e i He e , He n rie tte van d er Hee and Eel co Herf st Q1/G5 L u is a C a la br e s e an d Mau riz io Errig o Q1 AR 1 U 0 9 0 R & D S tu d io : A n alys is an d De s ig n o f Urban Form

TU

Table of contents Analysis

Concept

Critical Project

Introduction

Infrastructure

Introduction

02

18

28

City moments

Vegetaion and tourism

Present situation

04

19

29

History

Coastal defence

SWOT and vision

05

20

31

What the people want

Abstracts and SWOT

Comparison study

06

21

33

Infrastructure

Strategy

07

Strategic vision

35

Vegetation

Vision map

Numbers, data

11

25

37

Coastal defence

Phasing

Aerial view

13

26

39

Tourism

Sections

14

40

SUET

Impressions

16

41 Self evaluation 44

*Cover image: http://fineartamerica.com/featured/zandvoort-beach-nop-briex.html

Introduction Zandvoort is not a city in danger.

The condition of the built values is fairly good in terms of both the open and closed spaces. What is more, its popularity will maintain the city’s strong position on the Dutch map.

Zandvoort is the second most important beach resort of the Netherlands with an impressive 4 million visitors yearly, even so only 16.000 inhabitants live permanently there.

However, we believe that a number of opportunities lie behind the city unutilized, such as the possibility to put Zandvoort to the international map as well.

In our work of 8 weeks we evaluated these opportunities and gave suggestions and plans in order to harvest them.

Sandevoorde 2

ANALYSIS

City moments If we look at Zandvoort we see a small isolated former fisherman town, which is only accessible by two roads and rail. These routes give you a chain of different impressions as you get closer to the coast, but also a first impression of the identity of Zandvoort, which is after all based on the way people experience the place. We tried to catch these key moments of impressions in a few snapshots along the route towards the sea, for both train and car. It is obvious that both routes have a very clear starting point, they immediately give someone a direction and thereby the feeling that one is heading for something.

But also the changing landscape (the city of Haarlem, forests, the open dunes) gives a kind of enjoyment, the feeling that the sea and beach are nearby. But this perception or experience disappears on both routes as one gets closer to the coast. As soon as you get off the train or enter the inner town you lose more or less your sense of direction. This is caused mostly by the lack of guiding directions (indirect routes and blocked sightlines), in contrast to the clear views at the beginning of the route.

Route by train

Route by car

1

1 2 2

3

4

3

4 Sandevoorde 4

History 1687: Fishermansvillage

1855: Starting seaside resort

Zandvoort was born to be a fishing village in the dunes. All the streets Around 1855 Zandvoort shifted from being an fishing village to a beach were perpendicular towards the sea to have easy access to it. Haar- resort. There where hotels and k端rhauses built for the tourists from lem and Amsterdam produced market for the fish. Small houses and Haarlem and Amsterdam. Tourism became the 2nd main income. some big buildings as a church and a lighthouse can also be spotted.

1877: Growing tourism Zandvoort became more and more famous and popular as a sea side resort. New accommodations were built, mainly at the seaside and in the north.

1905: Just before the war

1943: Demolition for the Atlantikwall

1960: Explosion of houses after the war

Zandvoort kept on growing, more accommodations and hotels were made. There was a separation between the old city in the south and the bigger buildings and the resorts in the north. The train was being constructed and ended in the north of the village near the beach.

For the construction of the Atlantik-wall made by the German to prevent an Allied invasion, the complete strip at the boulevard had to be broken down. A lot of people lost there houses as bunkers were created along the coastline. A few of the bunkers are still intact.

After the war a lot of new houses were built for new inhabitants. Also a new high rise building site was implemented around the empty boulevard.

People’s wishes and Summary of impressions

During our visit and early research we encountered some easily visible problems, the history of the city and what the people and municipality wanted.

These show conflicts.

conquering the sea

industry renewal+

open nature+

historical+

Zandvoort started as a tiny fishing village and maintained this position for numerous years, but the tourism driven by the industralisation started to destroy the historic layout, which was even more ruined during the reconstruction after World War II. Today the city does not really have a coherent identity, the mixture of style, shape and size give a negative impression. Therefore the residents wish for a more historic centre.

This mix of identity can be spotted best approaching the sea from the outskirts, facing the other problems as well, such as the blocked views and lack of orientation.

The inhabitants would like to improve tourism as it is the primary income opportunity for them, even so the are interested in a calmer centre and isolation from the surroundings.

tourism+

little reconstructions +

growth+ isolation+

What the people want

Sandevoorde 6

Infrastructure Zandvoort

N

boundary Amsterdam

Haarlem 32mins

highway A 31

mi

ns

N

Haarlem

16min

9min

17min

11min

N200

N200

Amsterdam

E22

A200

N201

Haarlem

Working Flow

Amsterdam

Haarlem

N202

highway E

1

Schipol

Tourist Flow

Zandvoort

s

in 2m

Amsterdam voort are co national hig and five reg ( N201, N205

N208

highway E

A9

N205

Amsterdam A4

Zandvoort

Zandvoort

Heemsted

Hoofddorp

Hoofddorp

Heemsted

Schipol

Schipol Hillgon

Hillgon

Mobility flow

Highway netork Zandvoort

area

Haarlem

Amsterdam

Working Flow(morning) bus line From Zandvoort to Haarlem: about 11min From Zandvoort to Amsterdam: about 30min

Bus 80 Time: 20mins Destination: Zandvoort Bus S

bus station

train station

N N

80

boundary

train line

Haarlem

Zandvoort

area

boundary

Haarlem

train station name Zandvoort

Oveween

Amsterdam Stoterdijk

Haarlem

Amsterdam

Haarlem Spaarnwoude

81

Haarlem

80 Heemstede Station

Zandvoort

Schipol Tourist Flow(at the begining of summer) From Schipol to Zandvoort: about 44 mins From Amsterdam to Zandvoort: about 30mins

Heemsted

Hillegon

Schiphol

Zandvoort

Schiphol

Haarlem

81

Haarlem

Haarlem

N Heemsted

Handelskade

Hoofddorp

Hillgon

300

300

90

Amsterdam

Bus 81 Time: 30mins Destination: Zandvoort Bus S Haarlem Entranc

Amsterdam

Tempeliersstraat

Amsterdam

Zandvoort Bus Station

Amsterdam Helyloan

Zandvoort

Zandvoort

Entrance Station NS

Working Flow(evening) From Haarlem to Zandvoort: about10mins From Amsterdam to Zandvoort: about 30mins

Zandvoort

Heemstede Aerdenhoure

Zandvoort aan zee

tname of bus-stop

81Amsterdam bus number

N Amsterdam Centraal

Haarlem

Haarlem

Plaza / Ns

Schiphol

Amstelveen

Amsterdam-Southeast Bijlmer ArenA

Schipol

Tourist Flow( at the end of summer) From Zandvoort to Schipol: about 44mins From Zandvoort to Amsterdam: about 30mins

Train network

There is only one railway route connecting Amsterdam, Haarlam and Zandvoort. Amsterdam Stoterdijk is the interchange between Schipol and Zandvoort.

Hillgon

Bus network

Bus 300 Time: 43 mins Destination: Haarlem Station Amsterdam-ZO,

Zandvoort

HaarlemA

msterdam

Schipol Tourist Flow(at the begining of summer) From Schipol to Zandvoort: about 44 mins From Amsterdam to Zandvoort: about 30mins

Zandvoort

Haarlem

Amsterdam

32mins

31

mi ns

Tourist Flow

ns

mi 12

Schipol

Zandvoort

HaarlemA

msterdam

Working Flow(morning) From Zandvoort to Haarlem: about 11min From Zandvoort to Amsterdam: about 30min

Zandvoort

HaarlemA

msterdam

Working Flow(evening) From Haarlem to Zandvoort: about10mins From Amsterdam to Zandvoort: about 30mins

Flow and connections ZandvoortH

Road network and mobility Zandvoort

Haarlem

16min

9min

17min

11min

Railway

During summer the interest towards Zandvoort shows a huge increase. The fact that it does not take longer than 30-40 minutes from to get to the beach from Amsterdam certainly drives the motivation. This suddenly growing interest is the driving factor causing the famous traffic jams of the city.

One of Zandvoort’s main advantages in the competition with other beach resorts is the train station. Being included in the NS system gives a huge advantage especially as the distance of Amsterdam can be traveled in 3 minutes. 2-4 trains go in every hour towards the capital stopping in Haarlem .

Two main bus lines go towards the beach from two different directions such both of the roads approaching Zandvoort are utilized. The buses go 2-4 times every hour and they produce connection with both Amsterdam and even Schiphol Airport. The airport’s distance of Zandvoort is an important issue in terms of the visioned international tourism hub.

aarlem

Bus 81: Frequencies Peak 2/h Valley 1-2/h Evening 1/h Saturday 1/h Sunday 1/h

81

Vehicle mobility

Amsterdam, Schipol and Zandvoort are well connected by the Dutch road infrastructure, including two national highways ( A200, A9) and five regional highways ( N201, N205, N200, N202, N208).

Bus 80 Time: 20mins Destination: Zandvoort Bus Station / Tempeliersstraat ZandvoortH

Working Flow

Bus 80: Frequencies Peak 4/h Valley 4/h Evening 2/h Saturday 4/h Sunday 2/h

80

Bus connections

Amsterdam

aarlem

Amsterdam’s Stoterdijk station can be a major hub in the future as it is the interchange station between Schipol and Zandvoort at the moment.

Bus 81 Time: 30mins Destination: Zandvoort Bus Station / Haarlem Entrance Station NS HaarlemS

chiphol 300

Bus 300: Frequencies Peak 10-15/h Valley 10/h Evening 6/h Saturday 8/h Sunday 6/h

Bus 300 Time: 43 mins Destination: Haarlem Station NS / Amsterdam-ZO, Bijlmer ArenA

Sandevoorde 8

Parking Currently Zandvoort has 11.534 parking places in total.

One can find a large variety between them by size, location and target. There are some for local residence, as well as numerous places for the tourist in the outer streets.

The size differ from a few dozen to several hundreds. We believe that it is still not enough and some locations are not the best either.

The long parking lines that devide the land from the sea are certainly one of the worst examples and we have to deal with them.

Parking in the city

Town density and network The road network density is the highest in the centre and then the residential areas and the dunes.

The pedestrian system inside the city is relatively complete in Zandvoort. On the other hand, the connection of foot pathes around the dunes need to be improved.

The cycling routes are paved in most part of the city and the network includes various recreational routes outside as well.

Existing road hierarchy

Density and network

The existing hierarchy of the roads in Zandvoort is relatively simple.

There are three different kinds: main, secondary roads and branches.

Road hierarchy

Current Flow Most tourists are heading to the boulevard for activities and they stay in the bungalow park.

Residents mainly transport through the main roads and the train.

Flow tourism

Flow inhabitants Sandevoorde 10

Vegetation Zandvoort is surrounded by dunes and two environmentally highly protected areas, the Zuid Kennemarland National Park and the Amsterdamse water dunes. These two green fields are divided by the railway that connects Haarlem (and Amsterdam) to the beach.

As a reason of the rails’ importance in the country’s infrastructure net they cannot be removed. Therefore, we are looking for alternative solutions two connect the natural settings, such as putting the train underground in the city centre or implementing ecological bridges, corridors.

Zuid-Kennemerland NP Size: 38 km2 National park / dune-land 2 million visitor last year European forest animals + European bison, Scottish highland cattles (wildlife experiments) Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen Size: 3400 hectare Amsterdam’s drinking water source Natural reserve and habitat area 800,000 visitor in 2009 Daily water supply: 180,000 m3 Only walking is allowed

The two well-spread green area can be located between Zandvoort, Haarlem and IJmuiden and several occasions people walk south from IJmuiden towards Zandvoort in the dunes.

Haarlem is rather surrounded by forests from the west before the dunes, while for Zandvoort the dunes are all around.

The railway creates a hard boundary between the green areas, which is: * a problem for the natural habitat * inconvinient for green tourism * a gap that prevents the city to connect with the surroundings We believe that the space around the rails and the rails itself carry the possibility of a green corridor that could go all along the heart of the town from the dunes.

The train in the green * Ad-hoc green space in the north of the train station, not a real public space * A green corridor next to the railway towards Haarlem * 2 large green areas between the cities * Divided by the railway the 2 zones are the Zuid-Kennemeland National Park and the Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen

(Missing) green connections in the spatial scale Sandevoorde 12

Coastal defence

FLOOD PROTECTION ZONE

The Water Board of Rijnland is responsible for the management and maintenance of the primary flood defence line in Zandvoort.

The primary defence line is divided into three zones; - Core zone - Protection zone - Outer protection zone Zandvoort was until recently seen as a ‘weak’ link in the coastal defenses, but from new insights it became clear that in the upcoming fifty years it’s not necessary to strenghten the defence line. With it’s average hight of 10 meters or more, the weir is high and also wide enough.

For safety reasons, it is in principle not to permit any kind of (underground) construction in the three zones, except for when there is a compelling public interest at stake. In the period from February to November temporary beach buildings (such as pavilions, cabanas and changing rooms) are allowed. These restrictions make it difficult to redevelop the area in the core protection zone for both housing and tourism, in particular the required parking facilities.

Compared to other coastal towns, Zandvoort has quite narrow beaches. In case of bad weather the sea almost reaches the pavilions, and there were even years in which not all the pavilions could have been built.

INTENSITY - WIDTH BEACHES

Average wide beaches Zandvoort: Velsen/IJmuiden: Scheveningen (old): Katwijk: Noordwijk: Den Helder

4 categories beach use with minimal required width

40.5 m 149.7 m 34.5 m 46.3 m 45.3 m 51.4 m

Sport/event beach: Highly intensive: Moderately intensive: Quiet recreational:

100 m 80 m 60 m 25 m

Basic coastline (BKL) It ensures that the amount of sand in the coastal zone remains intact. (based on the situation in 2001) It’s not directly related to the width of the beaches.

Recreational basic coastline (rBKL) It says something about how wide the beach must be to provide sufficient space to accommodate the recreational and tourist functions.

Looking at the BKL Zandvoort does not require supplementation, as it meets safety requirements. On the other hand, based on the recreational BKL Zandvoort certainly needs wider beaches in order to cope with the amount of present visitors and also the future ones. The width of the beach, approximately 40 m, does not match the current highly intensive use, where a minimal of 80 meters is suggested. So in order to ensure that Zandvoort remains attractive for the current and future tourism, it is essential to broaden the beach.

2007, Bestemmingsplan Strand en duin.

2011, Ruimte voor recreatie op het strand; onderzoek naar een recreatiebasiskustlijn.

Tourism Commercial Accomodation Hotels 1059 beds B&B 40 beds

B

Campings 500 beds Pensions 105 beds

P

Zandvoort shows the large variety Dutch cities does in terms of commercial accomodation.

From hotels to campings one can find the most suitable option.

We can talk about around 1.000 beds and 500 camping accomodations without the 3 campings that are located in the outskirts towards the north.

When looking at the number of hotel beds, we have to keep in mind that a few of those are about to be removed as a few ‘scale problematic’ buildings are hotels.

Location of commercial accomodations

Sandevoorde 14

Tourism Present focus The interest of the incoming tourismis slightly different in case of daily and overnight visitors.

Stay-over tourists choce the following functions as primary ones: - beach/sea (97%) - walking/cycling (50%) - green recreation (52%) - city sightseeing (36%) Daily visitors voted for the followings (the most relevant ones): - beach/sea (91%) - walking/cycling (51%) - green recreation (47%) [- catering/shopping (30%)] The ways of transport in terms of approaching the city shows some interesting data as well: - 70-75% of the Dutch and foreign visitors (and 85% of the Germans) choose the car - while 20-22% of the Dutch and foreigns come by train, only 5% of the Germans do the same - surprising fact, that only a very small minority of the tourists prefers to come by bus.

SUET

Improving an infra aorta

Landscape characteristics map 1:5000

Sandevoorde 16

CONCEPT

Infrastructure Developments 1. Future Tourism Flow: Road infrastructure directs tourism towards the north to the events area.

2. Future Inhabitants Flow: The planned road on top of the new dike will become a ring around the circuit and the only free access to the centre from the north as the boulevard area will be restricted to public and destination transport.

Promotion of infrastructure 1. The new ring is emphasised with the location of the train station.

Tourism flow Residents flow The ring Public transport

2. A temporary bus line will run from the centre to Haarlem and even to Amsterdam during the summer to reduce the pressure on the railway.

Significant underground parking lots are about to be added to the bus station (close to the train), to the city entrance and to the corner of the bungalows just before the event zone.

Sandevoorde 18

Vegetation and Tourism Green corridor We imagine connecting the well-spread green areas by ecological bridges and by putting the train underground at the beginning of the cemetery.

That way a long public space – green passage would come to existence creating a direct connection between the city centre and the surrounding dunes. This line would also connect the city’s northern and southern parts.

Having the train underground the station could gain back its own function as the passengers use the stairs next to it at the moment. In front of the station there is enough space to be able to locate a ‘welcoming’ open public space that can be a worthy starting point of all activities.

Train underground - green corridor Tourism connections and focus Green corridor * Putting down the train under ground gives us the opportunity to create a long public park from the dunes all the way to the centre * Graphical introduction of connecting green areas with each other and with the city centre

Planned green moves

In our future vision for tourism we imagine two main focus points.

The high-scale tourism moves to the north while a lovely historical town remains on top of and around the existing ‘old’ boulvard.

Having the train underground, a direct connection comes to existence between the centre and the national park, also between the national park and the water dunes. We are working on the connection issues for the national park and the northern turistic park.

For the sustainable future of Zandvoort we appreciate the strenghs of public transport admitting that it could still improve. More frequent trains, and a tramway/dedicated and fast bus lane are underway to settle even faster and more comfortable connections between the capital, Haarlem and Zandvoort’s centre.

Future of tourism

Coastal defence 1. Sand suppletion By applying sand suppletion, the coastline and dunes can be shifted towards the water. This clears out the boulevard from regulations concerning the protection zone and makes it possible to build up the boulevard without any consequences towards coastal defence.

2. Creating piers By just spraying the sand on the shoreline it will in the end easily washed away. Piers are needed to keep the sand in place although, some regularity supplements will remain necessary.

Two piers will be enough to cover the beach in front of Zandvoort (width is about 1.5 times the length)

3. Constructing a marina A marina can be constructed offshore alongside one of the piers. This makes it possible for Zandvoort to address and benefit from the new tourists which will be generated by the boating sector.

4. Moving up north!

Moving up the marina to the north will bring the different touristic facilities closer together, just on the edge of the town.

The enlargement of the beach will only take place in the north around the marina. In this case, the quality of the short distance between the built up area and the beach will stay intact.

5. Moving landwards Moving the marina landwards brings it closer to the other facilities, but it also cuts off a large part of the beach. However it does not directly solve the problems related to the (re)development of the coastline. Just a small part can be built up and not even close to the waterfront.

6. Breaking the dike By making the marina behind the old dike it forms more like a cluster with the excisting functions. The new weir makes it possible to built up the area between the beach and the circuit and also produces an extra sound wall between the ‘noisy north’ and the ‘quiet town’.

Sandevoorde 20

Abstract summary of Analysis and Concept CONNECTION |

FROM THE TRAINSTATION

PRE

N

circuit

TE

car train

train station

‘new boulevard’ boulevard

M RDA

bus

AMS

zuid-kennemer np

HAARLEM 20 min.

Zuid Kennermerpark

confusing footpath A’damse waterleidingduinen

AM

RD E T S

AM

bus & car & foot train train station

in.

35 m

in.

30 m

amsterdamse waterleidingduinen

Zandvoort | Page

HAARLEM 10 min.

bus

Green wave

view & footpath

boulevard

Abstracts A’damse waterleidingduinen

Connections

CONNECTION |

TOURISM Vegetation

BY CAR

P

Core areas submitted for improvements are the infrastructure (mobility and all relating), vegetation, Zandvoort | Page tourism, coastal defence

| SCALE OF TOURISM

N

N

These smaller abstract drawings have come to existence in order to showcase the main ideas and goals for the future developments, as well as comparing those to the present situations.

circuit event tourism

P

zknp recreation

P zon e Pro tect ion

zon

e

P

P

P

‘new boulevard’

P P

boulevard

beach tourism

P

tect

ion

Large scale tourism

aw recreation

Pro

Zandvoort | Page

Zandvoort | Page

Small scale tourism

P

P

Parking

boulevard

Tourism

Water in the landscape

SWOT and Agenda Strengths

Weaknesses

- dunes & nature - sea - high quality coastal protection

- lack of acces to the nature

- train station - circuit - beach pavilions - length of the beach - big cities in the area - 4 milion visitors

Opportunities - nature & dunes - recreation - space for housing near the sea - recreate the boulvard - create more parking - better access of town and in town - new tram?

- possibility of a marina - new and better hotels - year-around tourism - new facilities - wellnwss - events - coastal developments, beach, dike

- poor connection station-beach, station-centre - to much traffic in the centre - no cycling route from north to south - bad condition of buildings - poor public places - scale differences - aging population - lack of identity - not enough hotels and poor quality

Threats - sea - losing the historical sights - youth moving out - poor accessibility - seaside competition - lack of investments in tourism - climate change - daily weather

Agenda Realising the problems, conlicts and future development directions, we wanted put the following ideas, needs into the program. Our aim was to give the city a facelift leading to a new prospective future based on a tourism driven economy.

We planned to focuse on the following questions: For the centre and boulvard: - more parking around - old/new tramline?

- bus isolated line - better access - conections of the station – centre/beach

- less traffic – P+R - shopping opportunities - more residential lots - restructuring its whole - decrease commercial accommodation - decrease scale

green: - better access from the city, better connections - connect the north and the south cut by the railway

tourism: - new hotels, conference halls - more accommodation lots, incl. B&B, - wellness tourism - new events, attractive activities Having a main program we choce 3 core development sites. The northern areas were divided up to two students. We collected the ideas for the sites and created the main program.

The ‘old’ boulevard focused on the downscaling, the view problems and the public spaces. The train station area was about to transformed into a new park coming from the dunes towards the centre. The ‘northern event zone’ was divided up to two. The marina focused on the port, a floating bungalowpark, sport opportunities and a public space alongside the canal. The ‘north’ boulvard focused on a new public space and residential and commercial buildings around.

‘Old’ boulevard:

- re-evaluate (decrease) the scale - rethink the open spaces – even more public - less commercial, more residential housing functions - recreate ‘view lines’ - give back the identity

Train station area:

- put the rails underground - give back the station its function - realise coherent green line (public open space) between the centre and the dunes - redeveloping axis streets in the centre - redeveloping the residential areas around the ‘old’ railway - new road connection Amsterdam & Schiphol - create new public space in front of the station - identity, scale

‘New’ north boulevard (2 ppl):

- realise completely new urban area - NEW BOULEVARD - TOURISM - MONEY - commercial functions, residential minority - hotels, shopping - marina (breaking the dyke) - new primary defence line - new parkings in the ‘old’ dyke - casino and other ‘show’ activities, circuit, theatre e.g.

- floating bungalows - identity, new view, new bigger scale ‘out of town’

Sandevoorde 22

STRATEGIC VISION

Sandevoorde 24

Vision 1. New touristic centre

The area inbetween the circuit and the beach will become the new touristic/event zone. New accomodation and facilities will be located here.

The new weir, which is more landwards, makes it possible to build up this area even on the beach (all year round pavilions and other facilities).

Huge new parking facilities will make it possible to cope with large amounts of beach and circuit visitors.

2. The new marina

The marina will give Zandvoort a new waterfront and thereby an even stronger connection with the sea.

It gives the opportunity to develop some new water related functions, such as floating bungalows. The boats will be located next to the circuit, which makes it possible to watch a race from your own boat.

3. Renewed boulevard

The boulevard area will be transformed into a zone mainly focussed on pedestrians and cyclists. The area will consist mainly of new or redeveloped dwellings, which will have a strong relationship with both the beach and the village. It will stay a touristic zone, only now focussed on the smaller scale tourism instead of mass tourism.

4. The new entrance

A new underground station will give the entrance of Zandvoort a facelift.

It will have good parking facilities directly connected to the new ring road and better connections to east (nature) and west (coast). In this way the station will become an attractive starting point for both ‘beach’ and ‘nature’ tourism and of course for homecoming commuters.

Phasing Phase 1: 2012

Phase 2: 2012-2014

Phase 3: 2014-2017

Phase 4: 2015-2021

Phase 5: 2019-2024

Phase 6: 2022-2028

Present situation. The project will start with preparing the area inbetween the circuit and bungalow park, where some excisting functions will need to make place for the marina.

The next step will be the realisation of the new touristic area, which can be started once the dike and road are finished. Completing the breakthrough is important such the marina can be used then, and would happen the extention of the beach and the redevelopment of the circuit with new greens and parkings.

This phase does not only consist out of digging the new canal and marina, but also of the creation of the new quays. The connection to the sea is not yet established. The dug out sand can be used in order to form the new primary defence line.

Once the north part generates some income the transformation of the whole station area can be started by putting the track underground and adding parking facilities. Then takes place the creation of the green zone connecting the surrounding green areas to the centre.

Then can be started the development of the program in and around the lagoon, and also the construction of the new road on top of the dike. After that will be made the cut of the dike and the realisation of the bridge with the two piers. The new dedicated bus lane can also be built.

Full redevelopment of the old boulevard. Implementing new dwellings along the coast near the renewed station with a fast connection to Amsterdam. Creation of a more clear connection between the town itself (station and centre) and the beach/ boulevard area going up to the touristic north.

Sandevoorde 26

CRITICAL PROJECT

Brief After we realised some of Zandvoort’s currently low utilized facilities, we focused on the details of 3 different locations. The ‘New Boulevard’ Project is one of the two parts of a futuristic development vision to the north of the city.

The main goal is to create a mixed-use area (combines housing, working and tourism) that attracts primarily young inhabitants from the Amsterdam area, businesses and international tourism.

A vibrant, healthy community is about to be created driven by a wellspread public space, the beach and the surrounding dunes.

The improvements are all aimed to lead towards a sustainable future and improved coastal quality.

Sandevoorde 28

Existing situation

i ex

s

n ti

g

Current situation The planned area covers the two campings located just north of Zandvoort. A completely new urban area is ought to be created.

Currently this place face some conflicts, e.g. the parking line,one of the main reasons that prevent the space be pleasurable.

It has a lot of opportunities, such as the distance between circuit and beach, or the dunes.

An interesting task is how to transform it into a new big-scale, but also human-scale and sustainable urban area.

The North-Boulevard Project is a response to the encountered urban conflicts, such as the view-scale-identity issues realised by the ‘city moments’, tourism flows, environment, parking, etc.

We figured that one of the best possible options for us was to move out some functions and the high-rise urban atmosphere to the north of the town. With this solution we could solve both the urban conflicts and fulfil the people’s wishes.

A place of events, activities, and high-level housing is about to be built here.

Our aim is also to create some level of competition with Amsterdam in terms of tourism. 25% of their overnight stays and some of the young residents of the capital (singles, couples, families) could move to Zandvoort. Obviously, we based this aim on the fact that Amsterdam Centraal can be reached by train in half an hour.

Furthermore, attracting international tourism was the other big vision. We kind of imagined the project as a kind of ‘New Dubai’ in the beginning. But staying firmly on the ground, the project became more of an ‘Amsterdam am Zee’ and ‘Monaco-Las Vegas no.2’ together.

parking main road second road pedestrian and cycling planning area

450 m 250 m

200 m 220 m

Sandevoorde 30

SWOT, Vision Strenghs

Weaknesses

Dunes & water - NATURE (national park, protected area) Good quality defence line Train connection Circuit Beach Distance from Amsterdam Already 2nd most popular beach resort Camping sites, easy to transform Farther from centre

Nature is out of the area No connection with the nature either High dike, maybe even too high Parking and the road are a significant gap between the sea from the inland The connection between the north and the centre Blocked or disadvantaged view of the site Not enough sleeping places Weather-depending tourism No retail infrastructure for camping residents

Opportunities

Threats

Recreation New housing and commercial land use New alongated boulevard Uderground parking (dike not part of the defence line anymore) Free land use creation - tourism activities Improve the variety of functions - domestic/international tourism Improve coastal quality New target groups (Young Proffessionals, families, Elder couples) New identity

NORTH-SEA Low interest Not enough commuting infrastructure Climate change, every-day weather conditions Bad marketing, lack of investment funding

residential

coastal defence

view

events marina

scale wellness

money

Las Vegas

tourism

hotels

coastal quality boulevard

fun

casino

green beach

new

sustainability

primary defence

Amsterdam

identity

circuit

public space plaza

Sandevoorde 32

Inspiration Chicago

Benidor

Singapore

Budapest

NYC

Perth

Abu Dhabi, Yas Marina Circuit

East Bayfront, Toronto

1,9 million tourists in 2011 15 minutes from airport 25 minutes from centre 7 hotels 2259 hotel rooms 16% yearly hotel growth 200.000 events a year Best F1 race, 2009

Parkside and Bayside - 5,6 ha prime area (out of 22 ha development site) 225.000 m2 development FSY: 4 Residential and commercial functions 1 billion dollar investment value Public accessibility priority

http://inhabitat.com/aecom-big-unveil-plans-to-revamp-chicagos-navy-pier-with-a-vertical-farm-and-roof-gardens/aecom-big-navy-pier-4/ http://www.publicspace.org/en/works/f174-paseo-maritimo-de-la-playa-poniente http://laucala.photoshelter.com/image/I0000fvhB83pPDmU http://subtledesigner.blogspot.nl/2010/08/new-york-part-2-high-line.html http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?p=94086561 http://sparklette.net/food/ku-de-ta/ http://www.designboom.com/architecture/moshe-safdie-marina-bay-sands/ http://www.coastaldevelopmentllc.com/ http://news.waterfrontoronto.ca/2008/03/development-partner-search-on-for-east-bayfront/ http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-50472529/stock-photo-view-from-hafencity-hamburg-germany.html http://bethungary.blog.hu/2012/11/02/forma1-abu_dhabi_nagydij_elemzes

Boulevard width Inspiration around the Globe As the architecture, scale, density of the new boulevard is completely different from what exist in Zandvoort, the examples can come from a broader spectrum.

Rue La Canabiere, Marseille 45 m

Boulevard Richard Lenoir, Paris

St Kilda Road, Melbourne

60 m

70 m

It was difficult to find exact matches, I looked at various locations in order to find some interesting initiatives.

The closest could be the East Bayfront Project of Toronto with its water layout and functional mixture.

Also, as in the beginning I was concered about the size of the ‘New boulevard’, I searched for some main road-boulevards around the World.

I found a large variety of sizes and therefore beleived that there was no exact successful solution based on the width so that the 60 metres I was planning to install seemed to be suitable.

La Rambla, Barcelona 35 m

Burgemeester van Walsumweg, Rotterdam Sderot Rothschild, Tel Aviv 70 m

30 m

Sandevoorde 34

Future strategies Services with the centre New facilities, activities

ng i st ed i ex nn a pl

In order to attract the largest amount of visitors possible we were thinking on adding new special activities next to the ones the beach and dunes generally offer.

During summer combined with the marina youth camps could be held focusing on sailing, surfing, kite-surfing, swimming, diving.

1 km

The slopes povide an opportunity for bob sleigh and also sleighing in winter.

Diving lessons could take place in winter too in an indoor facility (one of the event centres e.g.). Grass skiing could happen year round.

Strategy parking main road second road pedestrian and cycling

From the autumn months the wellness hotels and casinos will attract visitors from all age groups.

New urban form

offices

450 m

200 m

accomodation&events

residential

Vision behind the plan

primary road main road road local traffic parking

primary road main road road local traffic parking

residential commercial acc. office mixed commercial

sea view

accessible on foot

Existing road infrastructure

Planned road infrastructure

Planned installation

Pedestrian connections

Views

Along the coast comes a road from the north, which is one of the two main entrance options. Reaching the city it continues as a rather secondary road towards the centre.

The road from the north takes a curve before the new area and forms a ‘ring-road’ around the circuit joining the city’s inner infrastructure from a north-east direction.

Functionally three main areas can be divided. The residential buildings are located in the west facing the sea.

They have entrances both at sea and boulevard levels.

Parking can be found all along the coast dividing it from the land, which is both a functional and esthetical problem. Two supporting roads approach the circuit’s parking.

There is still a road on the boulevard, but with reduced traffic as only buses and dedicated traffic use it. However the circuit events days form exceptions. Those days the road is free to be used in order to avoid jams.

The office buildings create a sound wall all along the eastern sideline of the boulevard.

The project focuses on the long public space. It was always highly important to create useful pathways, views, connections between the newly implemented dunes, the beach and of course, the buildings.

Thanks to the cuts in the boulevard level of the housing buildings the North-Sea is visible from surprisingly numerous points providing a nice and cosy atmosphere for the street users. It almost feels like having a non disturbed sea experience.

North of the sports and events centres the hotels form a wide-spread plaza.

Urban form During the design process the rasterised layout I left behind. This move was motivated by the impression of the layout not being perfectly suitable to an almost empty environment. Also keeping mind the location of the sea and the orientation of the sun the now used layout seemed to be more useful.

Sandevoorde 36

‘Urban data’ - Program residential

built/open space

commercial

72%

51800 m2

17% 24%

28%

21900 m2

36%

offices public space semi-public space road

building mass

density

23%

/ 73700 m2

green zones

FSY= 187160/73700= 2,56

alignments

hotels/plaza - area: 5000 m2 h: 30-36 metres (10-12 floors) + 10 metres parking+plaza events & service centre - area: 3500 m2 h: 15-60 metres (2-9 floors)

Land-use plan offices - area: 5600 m2 h: 30 metres (10 floors)

apartment houses area: 7800 m2 h: 24-27 metres (7-8 floors)

Program

11400 ca/km2 500 ca/km2 present density, Zv future density, north hotels Amsterdam new rooms

campings hotels

The dominant function is housing, even so the various functions are all essential in the program as they create the whole solution together depending on each other.

The apartment houses reach the coast. On the first two floors from the boulevard level housing is the main use. However, below these come the commercial functions, mini stores, retails, services, bars, restaurants.

The events centre makes home for sports and cultural activities, schools, etc. (for both tourism and permanent residents). The eastern part of the pair has the tower, which functions as a viewpoint and lighthouse as well.

The hotels are around a huge square of 10,000 m2 on top of the plaza. Here one can find shared facilities of the hotels (such as restaurants, cafes, pools, fountains). This is a semi-public space, just as the plaza itself.

The density of the area will be more than 20 times higher than in Zandvoort. However, the built area is only 28% of the whole planning lot that can be called to be an average value.

980 apartments are about to be implemented and 4000 hotel rooms. We figured that if we cancel 900 places from the campings and aim to take away 20-25% of the Amsterdam luxury-semi luxury short stay housing industry, we can count with approx. 4000 places.

Sustainability Sustainability - definition

economic

Shortly, on a personal note sustainability means that future remains liveable.

* after first investments, continous revenues from the north * new jobs - targetting the local residents

I believe that developments, improvements in all fields can be called sustainable if they are financially manageable and do not have a long-time negative effect on the environment and our every-day life. The quantity of artificial resource has to be decreased to the lowest level possible.

In terms of infrastructural development the use of renewable energy is top priority.

moveable transculent solar panel roof

social * new generations move in refreshing the population * all the events offer reduced fees for locals * recreational activities, emphasising the dunes

environmental * reduced traffic * using recycled materials * green boulevard * green technologies * green roofs * transparent solar panel roof over the plaza * introducing the dunes more to the city

green roofs

coastal defence * constucting a new primary line * reinforcing the existing dike, even so it is not part of the line anymore * enlarging (width) the beach * implementing piers from the two sides of the marina entryfor the marina

Energy consumption

According to the chart the biggest consumers are the residents just above the mixed functioned two event centres. However the data can be misleading as the numbers of the hotels also depend on their extra facilities and services, such as swimming pools, wellness areas or a non-stop casino.

5m kWh 20,1m kWh

30 million Eur

17,5m kWh 3,8m kWh

10

Basically, by 10 wind turbines the yearly electric energy consumption of the new boulevard could be covered in case of ideal circumstences.

turbine template resource: http://newnostradamusofthenorth.blogspot.nl/2011_01_09_archive.html

Sandevoorde 38

Aerial view- masterplan The urban design program has the public space as its core. There is a northsouth horizontal view line parallel to the sea. Both the beach and the dunes can be reached directly from the boulevard, creating various possible pathways without restrictions and easy esthetical access to both directions that does not exist at the moment.

The view of the beach, the orientation of the Sun, the various figures and functions were all carefully reviewed and used during the planning process.

Parking can be found under the boulevard and the plaza, the boulevard thus enjoys highly reduced traffic. Various functions could ensure that the place is full of life even in winter too.

1:2500

Sections South - North view 1:2000

1:1000

North - South view 1:2000

1:1000

Sandevoorde 40

View from the south View to the sea&hotels&plaza

View from the plaza View towards the sea through the boulevard

Impressions

Sandevoorde 42

Self evaluation After a very intensive 8-10 weeks I believe it can be useful to look back once again.

Even though, I had already studied a semester abroad and participated in various foreign professional activities, this was still a new experience, which I have to say I have highly enjoyed.

I feel that some of my skills and approaches have improved significantly, such as my design skills, my professional point of view, my attitude, etc.

Working was also very motivating culturally and it was interesting to see how people from absolutely different backgrounds have managed to cooperate, work together.

Finally, in my evaluation, our team was below the acceptable level in one field and that is communication. Not necessarily in language terms, but mostly in terms of attitude. Sometimes it seemed like everybody was just working on their own without too much useful contribution and discussion, or was just probably too lazy to share ideas, suggestions, processes. This ultimately led to a few misunderstandings and minor conflicts too. Certainly, for the next Q, we have to improve in this field a lot.

In conclusion, I would just like to conclude that I am really grateful for the opportunity of being able to participate in this project. I do hope that we have created something worthwile, a product that can be appreciated and argued about in the short or long term future.

Sandevoorde 44

D a n iel R a d a i Q1 AR1 U0 9 0 R & D S tu d io , Z a n d v o o r t

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