RR Auction American Patriot Auction by RR Auction

Auction Ends February 15, 2012

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MORE AMMO FOR OUR CIVIL WAR AUCTION RR Auction is on a Civil War footing and we are currently mustering rare autographs, relics and artifacts of that era for auction in March. If you have relevant weapons, maps, documents or autographs you wish to consign, please contact Elizebeth Otto at elizebeth@rrauction.com or (800) 937-3880.

WE’LL HELP YOU CONVERT YOUR BLUE AND GRAY INTO GREEN

The Auction Has Begun! Bidding begins as soon as the catalog is posted online (January 27). At 6pm on WedNESDAY, February 15 the one hour extended bidding period begins followed immediately by the 30 Minute Rule. All times in RRAuction guidelines and instructions are stated according to the Eastern (U.S.) time zone.

Contents Declaration of Independence Signers �� 7 Presidents ��40 The Dawn of America ��54 War of 1812 ��103

Upcoming Auctions CATALOG 383

civil war

catalog 384

catalog 385

Auction closes February 15, 2012 Consignor deadline January 11, 2012 Auction online January 27, 2012

Auction closes March 14, 2012 Consignor deadline February 10, 2012 Auction online February 24, 2012

Auction closes April 18, 2012 Consignor deadline March 9, 2012 Auction online March 23, 2012

Bob Eaton owner, acquisitions bob@rrauction.com

Bobby Livingston vice president of sales & marketing bl@rrauction.com

Bobby Eaton operations manager bobby@rrauction.com

Carla Eaton auction coordinator carla@rrauction.com

Tricia Eaton auction processing manager tricia@rrauction.com

Adam Karr shipping supervisor shipping@rrauction.com

Bill White lead authenticator bill@rrauction.com

Mike Nelson senior catalog writer mike@rrauction.com

Stacey Jordan customer service stacey@rrauction.com

Mandy Eaton-Casey finance manager mandy@rrauction.com

Jillian Locke catalog writer jillian@rrauction.com

Sarina Carlo art director sarina@rrauction.com

Elizebeth Otto consignment manager elizebeth@rrauction.com

Jessica Hinckley executive bidding assistant jessica@rrauction.com

Annie Nichols junior art director annie@rrauction.com

Robert S. Eaton Sr. 1940–2001

Erika Rosenfeld inventory processing assistant erika@rrauction.com

GENERAL RR AUCTION INFO R&R Auction Company, LLC, d/b/a RRAuction Licensed auctioneer: Carla Eaton, NH license #3029

CONTACT INFORMATION

5 Rt 101A, Suite 5 • Amherst, NH 03031 Local/International: 1-603-732-4280 Local/Int’l fax: 1-603-732-4288 Website: www.RRAuction.com Email bidding: Bid@RRAuction.com

HOURS

Office hours are Mon-Fri, 9 a.m. -5 p.m. eastern; hours on the last night of the auction are dictated by the 30 Minute Rule (see below). Any item in the auction can be viewed in our offices during normal business hours. Please call to set up an appointment.

RRAUCTION’S POLICIES EXTENDED BIDDING & THE 30 MINUTE RULE

The final day of bidding for all lots is Wednesday, February 15. Any bidder may bid on any lot prior to 6 pm. At that time, the Extended Bidding goes into affect. If you have not bid on a lot before 6 pm, you may not bid on that lot after 6 pm. Only those bidders who have placed bids on a lot before 6 pm will be allowed to bid on that lot after 6 pm. Hence, if you are the only bidder on a lot at 6 pm, that lot is awarded to you. During the extended bidding period, a lot will remain open only to those who bid on that lot prior to 6 pm. All lots WITHOUT an opening bid at 6 pm will remain OPEN to ALL bidders until 7 pm or until they receive their first bid. These lots will close immediately upon receipt of a bid or at 7 pm, whichever comes first. For all lots that are active after 7 pm, bidding will remain open until 30 minutes pass without a bid being placed on THAT lot. The 30 Minute Rule is applied on a PER LOT BASIS; each lot in the auction closes individually based on bidding activity after 7 pm. On a PER LOT BASIS, the 30 minute timer will reset each time a bid is placed after 7 pm. If you are the high bidder, raising your maximum bid will NOT reset the timer. RR Auction reserves the right to close the auction at any time at its sole discretion.

POSTPONEMENT

PAYMENTS Payment is due by Monday, February 27, 2012, unless prior arrangements have been made. Late payment may result in the suspension of your bidding privileges. Credit cards and PayPal are only accepted up to $5,000 without prior arrangements; please contact Stacey Jordan. Credit Card orders will be shipped first. Please send PayPal

payments to FinanceDepartment@rrauction. com. Overseas orders must be paid by credit card, paypal, or

wire. All checks, cashiers checks or money orders are payable to RRAuction Company, LLC. Orders paid by cashier check, money order, wire, Pay Pal or credit card are shipped upon receipt. Personal and business checks are also accepted and orders paid via this method on winnings over $500 will ship 7 business days after receipt. Returned checks are subject to a $25 fee. We recommend paying by cashier’s check or money order. Wire Information: Account number: 003880291609 Company name: R & R Auction Company, LLC Routing/Transit (ABA) Number: 0260-0959-3 SWIFT Address: BOFAUS3N

TERMS OF SALE A 20% buyer’s premium will be added to each winning bid, with a 2% premium discount for those paying by cash, check, money order, or wire. You are obligated

to honor any bid(s) you make, and you authorize us to charge your credit card for any unpaid winnings. In the event you fail to pay all amounts due, RR Auction reserves the right to resell the merchandise and will hold you responsible for the costs of resale, including a 10% seller’s commission, and also any difference between the resale prices and the price of your successful bids.

RETURNS

RR Auction may postpone the auction for a reasonable period of time as the result of any significant event (e.g., an Act of God, etc). In this unlikely event, bidders and consignors will be notified of the new closing date.

Every item is cataloged with the intent of accuracy. Improperly described items must be returned within three days of receipt. Please call us before returning any items. A merchandise credit will be issued in the case of a subjective, unresolvable dispute over condition.

GUARANTEES

CONSIGNORS

Each signed item is unconditionally guaranteed genuine without time limit. If a lot is declared to be not authentic, we may ask the purchaser to supply the written opinion of one competent authority acceptable to us. We will refund the original purchase price after documentation has been submitted. The buyer’s only remedy under this guarantee is the cancellation of the sale and the refund of the purchase price.

Consignors are not allowed to bid on or withdraw their own lots. We will contact all consignors via mail, fax, or e-mail with their tentative final results the day after the auction ends.

SELLER RR Auction reserves the right to: (a) remove any item, (b) reject any bid, and (c) ban anyone from participating in this auction for any reason. We reserve the right to the final decision in all matters regarding this auction.

RR AUCTION’S BIDDING INFO REGISTRATION Your bidder number remains the same from auction to auction, but you must register to bid in each auction, even if you have already participated in past auctions. During registration, we will confirm your name, shipping address, phone number, e-mail, and method of payment if you are successful. Please provide any address or payment changes, or any special shipping requests, before the close of the auction.

NEW BIDDERS Bidders without a number must apply for one before they can participate in the auction. Fill out a New Bidder Application form online at http://rrauction.com/new_register. com, or request a form by mail or fax. Your bidder number will be issued only after all information has been verified.

PLACING BIDS By participating in the auction, you are accepting these Terms and Conditions. You are agreeing to the

alternative of dispute resolution by arbitration. Arbitration replaces the right to go to court, including the right to a jury trial. If any dispute arises regarding payment, authenticity, grading, description, provenance, or any other matter pertaining to the auction, the bidder or a participant in the auction and/or RR Auction agree that the dispute shall go to binding arbitration in accordance with the commercial rules of the American Arbitration Association. A.A.A. arbitration shall be conducted under the provisions of the Federal Arbitration Act and in a locale mutually convenient to both parties. Where a locale cannot be agreed upon the determination shall be made by the independent ADR institution. Any claim made by a bidder must be presented within one (1) year or it is barred. The prevailing party may be awarded reasonable attorney’s fees and costs. An award granted in arbitration is enforceable in any court of competent jurisdiction.

MINIMUM BIDS Every item has a minimum bid (MB). No bids below this amount will be accepted.

MAXIMUM BIDS To maximize your chance of winning, we strongly encourage the use of maximum bids. For example, assume an item you want currently has a high bid of $100. Your bid would then be $110 (10% over $100), and you could tell us, “I’d like a maximum bid of $242 for that item.” We will enter your bid at $110, and we will then bid for you until the lot reaches your maximum of $242. If competitive bids only reach $148, you would win the item at $163—10% over the highest previous bid. To prevent tie bids, all maximum bids should be made in proper increments. Maximum bids are strictly confidential. Placing arbitrary, non-incremental bids on lots with prior maximum bids may result in these lots being sold for less than 10% above the underbidder’s bid.

BID INCREMENTS Bids on an item must raise the current high bid by at least 10%.

CHECKING BIDS You can open, monitor, and/or raise bids as often as you wish. However, all bidding is governed by the 30 Minute Rule and extended bidding. Extended bidding always goes into affect at 6 pm on the last day of the auction. At 7 pm, the extended bidding ends and the 30 Minute Rule goes into effect.

RESERVES Some lots may have a confidential reserve, below which the lot will not be sold.

CALLBACKS RRAuction offers a callback service on auction night for any bidder who has the high bid on an item whose current bid is over $1,000 and who has placed a maximum bid. At your request, we will call you if your maximum bid is topped. We will need your correct telephone number(s) where you can be reached until the auction closes. Callbacks begin after 6 pm on auction night. You must request this service; it is not automatic. We make every effort to ensure that bidders who request a callback are contacted if outbid; however, we do not guarantee this service.

WITHDRAWING BIDS You are obligated to honor any bid(s) you make, and no bids may be withdrawn at any time. There are no exceptions; failure to comply will terminate all future bidding.

AFTER THE AUCTION WINNER NOTIFICATION We will notify all winners by email, phone, or fax by 5:00 p.m. on Thursday, Feb. 16th. Auction results are available at rrauction.com.

SHIPPING All orders are now shipped FedEx and we must have your street address on file. At our discretion, some orders of high value may be sent via overnight or two-day service. Insurance is added to each invoice, with a minimum of $2 for the first $200 of value and 55¢ per $100 of value over $200. Oversized orders will have additional postage added to their invoices. Within the United States, rates for shipping and handling only are:

$ 0 - $ 10 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10 $ 101 – $ 5 0 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1 5 $ 5 01 – $ 1 , 0 0 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2 0 $ 1 , 0 01 – $ 3 , 0 0 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 3 5 $ 3 , 0 01 – $ 10 , 0 0 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 4 5 O v e r $ 10 , 0 0 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10 0

TERMINOLOGY

INTERNET LOG-IN INSTRUCTIONS

CONDITION

Access our online catalog at www.RRAuction.com and register to become a bidder. We offer the most interactive online auction in the collectibles field. After you have completed the registration form, you will have access to:

Each item in the catalog is described with a statement indicating its overall condition. The condition of the items we offer generally falls into the following range: good—very good—fine—very fine. Treated as a scale of 1 to 4, good describes an item that has as many as several flaws, which are described in detail; very fine describes an item whose condition and appearance may be regarded as flawless and superior in every respect. Most of the items we offer are in fine condition, meaning that there are no serious flaws. While we make every effort to describe flaws that materially affect appearance and value, we generally do not specify minor or routine flaws, such as (but not limited to) pencil or secretarial notations, mailing folds to letters, normal aging to paper, or tiny bends or creases from normal handling. We encourage prospective bidders to examine the image(s) of each item closely and to contact us with specific inquiries regarding condition.

GROUP LOTS In descriptions of group lots of two or more items, every effort is made to mention any obvious flaws. Bidders should note that condition for group lots is given as a general statement or range, and that specific flaws to single items within the group may be omitted in the interest of catalog space. Questions about group lots, or specific items within a group lot, should be addressed before the close of the auction to Tricia Eaton (tricia@rrauction.com).

MATTED & FRAMED Many of the items offered for sale in our monthly auctions are described as matted and/or framed. We do not remove items from frames; the given dimensions of items housed in a frame and/ or mat indicate sight size only. Photographs and other ephemera used with matted and framed items are not subject to description and condition statements, nor are they considered a reason for return. Condition refers only to the item and not the mat or frame. Our terms of return apply only to the item and not the matting and framing. Any item that is removed from the frame cannot be returned. Returns are only accepted when there is an authenticity question or the description of the item is incorrect.

ALS  — Autograph Letter Signed (a letter entirely handwritten and signed by the given personality)

AQS — Autograph Quotation Signed ANS — Autograph Note Signed (a short ALS) LS — Letter Signed (a letter in a secretary’s hand, but signed by the given personality)

SP — Signed Photo DS — Document Signed FDC — First Day Cover INSCRIBED  — “Personalized”

• Real-time online bidding • Tracking of lots/consignments All auction and bidding regulations stated in the Terms and Conditions in the front of the catalog apply to online bidding.

OBTAINING A BIDDER NUMBER & PASSWORD Before you can bid on the internet, you need to obtain a bidder number and password. If you do not have a bidder number, just follow these few easy steps: 1. Go to www.RRAuction.com and click on the NEW BIDDER REGISTRATION button located under the log-in box.

Having trouble registering to bid online? Please give us a call at (603) 732-4280 or e-mail us at Stacey@RRAuction.com

2. You will then be sent to a registration page, on which you will enter your personal information. The safety of your personal information is ensured by top-of-the-line online security. RRAuction does not share your information. Please make sure to give accurate information so we can contact you with your bidder number. If you already get the catalog, your bidder number is located on the label on the envelope. Call or e-mail us for your password. 3. Your application will be proccessed within 24 to 48 hours (excluding non-business hours) as long as all information is received. You will be contacted with a bidder number and password.

CHANGING/ FORGOTTEN PASSWORDS After you have performed the steps above, you will be able to log in to your account and change your password. If you have forgotten your password, enter your bidder number, then click the FORGOTTEN PASSWORD button. We will automatically send your password to your e-mail address on file. If you have any problems changing your password, call or send an e-mail to Tricia@RRAuction.com.

THE RR AUCTION TEAM OF AUTHENTICATORS & CONSULTANTS BOB EATON AND BILL WHITE, RR AUCTION

AUCTION

After 30 years in business, during which time well over 1,000,000 signed items have crossed their paths, no one has had more daily exposure to autographs than Bob Eaton and Bill White. To date, RR Auction has published more than 370 consecutive monthly catalogs. Several award-winning, in-depth published studies have earned Bill a reputation as a trusted authenticator. Bob, a PSA/DNA authenticator, is well established as one of the foremost authenticators in the autograph industry.

Certificates of Authenticity

are complimentary with every lot sold.

RR Auction is committed to offering authentic autographs. This commitment is the foundation on which RR has built its reputation as a responsible, respectable auctioneer. Backing our commitment to authenticity, we are proud to offer a 100% Lifetime Money Back Guarantee on every signed item we sell. The Certificate of Authenticity that accompanies every signed item is good for the life of the piece regardless of owner. While RR Auction is exclusively responsible for its guarantee, we are proud to work with a group of industry experts providing authentication services for autographed collectibles.

JOHN REZNIKOFF, UNIVERSITY ARCHIVES John is the founder of University Archives, a leading firm specializing in the appraisal and authentication of documents and manuscripts. He is affiliated with multiple professional organizations dedicated to the autograph industry, is a contributing editor for Autograph Collector magazine, and is a PSA/DNA authenticator.

PSA/DNA

STEVE ZARELLI

PSA/DNA is the world’s leading third party autograph authentication company. Using state of the art technology, PSA/DNA created a security system to prevent counterfeiting, forgery and piracy. As the most respected service in the industry, PSA/DNA’s years of expertise and knowledge have established an impeccable reputation for providing professional, unbiased, expert opinions.

Letters of Authenticity

are available on certain lots.Priced upon request*

Letters of Authenticity are available on certain lots. Priced from $25 to $200*

STEVE ZARELLI Steve has been collecting and closely studying space and aviation autographs for over 15 years. He has been at the forefront of identifying deceptive forgeries and his findings have been published in the definitive space collecting reference, Relics of the Space Race, as well as the UACC’s Pen & Quill magazine. Steve was also a contributor to the UACC signature study, Neil Armstrong: The Quest for His Autograph.

ROGER EPPERSON SIGNED, SEALED, AND DELIVERED/REAL Roger has an extensive background as a full-time dealer in autographs and collectibles, and is a trusted authenticator in all areas of contemporary music. When supported by the REAL logo and Roger’s name, music-related autographs assume an added value.

Letters of Authenticity are available on certain lots. Priced from $30 to $150*

FRANK CAIAZZO beatles autographs

Frank is the world’s leading authority on Beatles signed and handwritten material. Since he began his study in 1986, he has amassed the largest file of signed examples on the planet. Through decades of focused and diligent research, he has acquired great skill in identifying authentic Beatles autographs, and also has gained the insight necessary to accurately approximate the era in which they were signed.

RENATO SAGGIORI With more than 50 years in the European autograph market, Renato is considered an expert on the manuscripts of European royalty, scientists, painters, and writers. He is also considered the leading authority on papal autographs and manuscripts. His 2006 book, The Popes - Five Centuries of Signatures, is an indispensible reference tool.

BRIAN GREEN AND MARIA GREEN, BRIAN AND MARIA GREEN CIVIL WAR SIGNATURES Civil War Signatures

With more than 45 years combined experience in the field, Brian and Maria are two of the nation’s leading experts in Civil War autographs and manuscripts.

JAMES CAMNER, LA SCALA AUTOGRAPHS James is a leading classical music autograph dealer. With more than 35 years experience, he is a founding member of PADA, an authenticator for PSA/DNA, a member of the ABAA, and an author of over ten published books on related subjects.

RICH CONSOLA Rich has studied Elvis Presley’s handwriting and signature for nearly 20 years, which has placed him in the forefront of Presley authenticators worldwide. * For more information on Letters of Authenticity contact Tricia by phone at (603) 732-4280 ext. 114 or by email at Tricia@RRAuction.com

we occasionally

history selling We recently sold General Santa Anna’s papers and field commands for $183,500. Last year alone we exceeded $13,000,000 in sales. One look at our monthly color catalogue illustrates why we are regarded as one of the most trusted sources of exceptionally rare manuscripts and artifacts in the U.S. — each authenticated and backed by our 100% guarantee. If you’d like to learn more about our 30-year history or, better yet, take part in it, visit rrauction.com.

Declaration of Independence Signers Adams four-language papers for ship bound for New Orleans

1555. John Adams. Partly-printed DS as president, one page,

19.5 x 15.75, March 25, 1797. Four-language ship’s paper issued to “Joseph Hudson, master or commander of the ship called Planter…lying at present in the port of Charleston bound for New Orleans and laden with Wine and Tobacco.” Signed by Adams as president and Timothy Pickering as secretary of state. Matted and framed with a small plaque to an overall size of 25.5 x 24. In good condition, with moderate toning, scattered small areas of paper loss, mostly along folds and edges, some affecting Pickering’s signature, several separations, worn but intact seal and some light wrinkling. Adams’s large bold signature is remarkably unaffected by the documents flaws. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

Adams appoints commissioners for unpopular 1798 federal property tax on real estate and slaves 1556. John Adams. Partly-

printed DS as president, one page, 14.5 x 9, July 17, 1798. Adams appoints “Thomas Dawes, Nathaniel Dummers, Nathaniel Wells, Nathan Lane, Eleazer Brooks, Beza Haywood, Joseph Allen, Abel Whitney, and William Bacon, all of the State of Massachusetts…Commissioners of the United States under the Act of Congress of the United States passed on the ninth day of July, 1798, entitled ‘An Act to provide for the valuation of lands and dwelling-houses and the enumeration of slaves within the United States.” Signed at the conclusion by Adams, and countersigned by Secretary of State Timothy Pickering. Beautifully cloth matted and framed by the Gallery of History with a portrait of Adams and two descriptive plaques to an overall size of 39 x 21.5. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, some of which appear to have had some professional repairs or reinforcement, scattered toning and soiling, and Adams’s signature fairly light, but still legible. The white wafer seal is toned, but intact. Under a 1787 revised constitution, Congress acquired the power to tax citizens “to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States”; fearing war was imminent with France the government built a military force by enacting legislation to raise $2 million dollars via a federal property tax. In July 1798 Congress passed the first direct tax on United States citizens in which real property—land, dwellings and slaves—were to be taxed. Adams appointed commissioners for each state, who then oversaw the fairness of property valuations and the enumeration of slaves while other federal officials assessed the real estate and collected the tax. Taxation of slaves would account for 11% of the revenue. While Northerners opposed the tax, Southerners insisted on it, and it pitted Republicans against Federalists and North against South. This became the first and last federal tax on domestic property, as well as the first census and tax of slaves, who were to be taxed at a rate of 50¢ for each slave between the ages of 12 and 50. In the 1800 presidential election Jefferson defeated Adams partially because of this unpopular tax, repealing it in his first term and abolishing the slave trade in 1808. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

Declaration of Independence Signers 7

In a letter to Winthrop Sargent, Vice President Adams expresses his fears about Europe: “The Temper and Principles prevailing at present in that quarter of the World, have a Tendency to as general and total a destruction, as ever befel Tyre and Sidon Sodom and Gomorrah”

1557. John Adams.

ALS, one page, both sides, 8 x 10, January 24, 1795. Letter to Winthrop Sargent. In full: “I have received your favour of the 30th of November and transmitted to Dr Belknap as you desire the Papers inclosed. The Utensils and ornaments represented in the Drawings, are great Curiosities, and seem to shew more skill in Arts, than any of the native Indians, at this day are possessed of. I am not enough in the habit of Antiquarian Speculations to hazard any Conjectures concerning them. I have never interested myself much in the Inquiries concerning the ancient Inhabitants of this Country, or the Part of the World from which they first emigrated. I should not be at all surprised, if hereafter evidence should be discovered that America was once a Seat of Arts Science and Civilization: nor should I wonder if any one should prophecy that Europe, will cease to be what it is and become as Savage and barbarous as America was three hundred years ago. The Temper and Principles prevailing at present in that quarter of the World, have a Tendency to as general and total a destruction, as ever befel Tyre and Sidon Sodom and Gomorrah. If all Religion and Governments all arts and sciences are destroyed the Trees will grow up, Cities will moulder into common Earth, and a few human Beings may be left naked to chase the Wild Beasts with Bows and arrows. Printing they say will prevent it. But it would be very consistent with the present professed Principles to destroy every Type and Press as Engines of Aristocracy, and murder every Pen and Ink Man as aiming at superiority. I hope in all Events that Religion and Learning will find an Asylum in America: But too many of our fellow Citizens are carried away in the dirty Torrent of dissolving Europe. I thank you Sir for giving me an opportunity to see those Antiquities, and should be glad to see any others that may appear.” Matted and framed with a reproduction of the second page, to an overall size of 26 x 18. In fine condition, with two neatly repaired folds and some light show-through from writing on reverse. Adams expresses the underlying hope of the founding fathers, embracing a society where “Religion and Learning“ could thrive and prosper. Written while the French were undergoing a radical revolution, one that widely affected Europe, threatening the aristocracy, monarchy, and the governing powers of religion, Adams laments, “I wonder if any one should prophecy that Europe, will cease to be what it is and become as Savage and barbarous as America was three hundred years ago. The Temper and Principles prevailing at present in that quarter of the World, have a Tendency to as general and total a destruction, as ever befel Tyre and Sidon Sodom and Gomorrah.” A pro-British Federalist, the ideologies of the Enlightenment threatened to dismantle everything Adams was working towards, that of order, a strong central government, and industrialization: “If all Religion and Governments all arts and sciences are destroyed the Trees will grow up, Cities will moulder into common Earth, and a few human Beings may be left naked to chase the Wild Beasts with Bows and arrows.” Despite having “never interested myself much in the Inquiries concerning the ancient Inhabitants of this Country,” Adams felt quite the affinity for the native residents, as members of the Punkapang and Neponset tribes frequented his childhood home, and he their wigwams. Compelling and revealing content as the vice president reflects on his hopes and aspirations for his great country. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $1000)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Adams signs a “deed of release” to his son shortly after the 1818 death of his beloved wife Abigail 1558. John Adams. Crisp manuscript DS, one page, 8 x 12.5, November 6, 1818. A Deed of Release from

John Adams to Thomas B. Adams, stating in full: “Know all men by these presents that I John Adams of Quincy in the County of Norfolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts Esquire, in consideration of One Dollar to me paid by Thomas Boylston Adams of said Quincy Esquire, the receipt whereof I do hereby acknowledge, have remissed, released and forever quitclaimed, and do by these presents remiss, release and forever quitclaim unto the said Thomas Boylston Adams his heirs and assigns forever, all the lands, tenements and hereditaments, situated in the Town of Medford in the County of Middlesex and Commonweath of Massachusetts which belonged to me in right of Abigail my wife, late of Quincy by her father in his last will and testament. To have and to hold the same, together, will all the privileges and appurtenances thereunto belonging to him the said Thomas Boylston Adams his heirs and assigns forever. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal the sixth day of November, in the year of Our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighteen.” Signed at the conclusion by Adams. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, scattered light soiling and trivial foxing, old reparative tape to the edges of the separations, and slightly rough edges. Diamond-shape seal beside Adams’ signature is intact. When Adams was not reelected to a second term as president, he retired from public life, returning to his farm in Quincy, Massachusetts. In October 1818, his wife Abigail first suffered a stroke then died of typhoid fever on October 28. Nine days later, during this time of grief, Adams signed this “deed of release” to his youngest son Thomas who was the chief justice of the Circuit Court of Common Pleas for the Southern Circuit of Massachusetts, for Medford property the couple inherited from Abigail’s father, the Reverend William Smith. The judge never quite fulfilled the expectations of his father, who oversaw his education, but they enjoyed an amiable relationship and after his mother died the younger Adams and his family moved in to be near the elder statesmen. Two weeks later, on November 13, Thomas Jefferson, who succeeded him as president, wrote a condolence letter to his friend, which read in part, “I know well, and feel what you have lost, what you have suffered, are suffering, and have yet to endure.” Although Adams’ own health was also failing, his mind remained sharp and and he remained in good spirits. He and Jefferson continued their correspondence until both died on July 4, 1826 on the 50th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

1560. John Adams. Three short strands of Adams’s hair, encapsulated in clear plastic, and affixed to an 8.5 x 11 informational sheet, which bears a copy of the original letter of provenance which reads, “hair of the late John Adams taken 4th of July—1826 aged 91.” In fine condition. Accompanied by a certificate of authenticity from University Archives’ John Reznikoff. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1561. Samuel Adams. American statesman (1722–1803) and signer of the Declara-

tion of Independence from Massachusetts who was one of the organizers of the Boston Tea Party and one of his state’s most ardent supporters of the patriotic cause. Manuscript DS, signed “S. Adams Presidt,” one page, 7.25 x 4.5, February 26, 1785. Document concerning a motion in the state congress to be sent to the Massachusetts representatives in the Continental Congress. In full: “Read & accepted with a further Amendment at C & thereupon Ordered that the Secretary be directed to make out a fair & attested Copy of the foregoing Instructions and forward them to the Delegates from this Commonwealth in Congress.” Adams signs at the conclusion as president of the Massachusetts senate, and also making a couple of handwritten corrections to the text. In very good condition, with a couple professional repairs on reverse to small tears or separations, scattered light toning, intersecting folds, and side and bottom edges on reverse lined with new paper. Document is housed in a folio-sized blue half-morocco and cloth clamshell case, with spine gilt. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Declaration of Independence Signers 9

1562. Josiah Bartlett. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from New Hampshire

(1729–1795). Third person ADS, signed in the text, one page, 6 x 4, May 2, 1766. Payment document reads, in part: “I promise to pay to Josiah Bartlett or his order two pounds fifteen shillings & six pence lawful money on Demand.” In very good condition, with partial separations along three vertical folds, two through single letters of signature, scattered edge wear, and a uniform shade of toning. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Rare handwritten letter from a New Hampshire signer, just months after the Declaration 1565. Josiah Bartlett. Scarce ALS signed “Your loving father, Josiah Bartlett,” one page, 6.5 x 8.5, December 7, 1776. Letter to his son Levi Bartlett. In full: “I hope this will find you well as it leaves me & your mother & the rest of the family. Mr Thayer is to be ordained here on Wednesday the 18th Day of this month and if you are Desirous to come up and have got well of your laments you may set off on Tuesday morning before the ordination and come a foot as far as Almsbury ferry and I will send an horse to meet you there unless the weather is very stormy; if it is, I would not have you set out in the rain. Write me word by Mr Noyes whither you are better of your lameness. If you know of any better way that you can come up let me know it by writing.” Second integral page bears an address panel in Bartlett‘s hand to “To Levi Bartlett att Dummer’s School.” In very good condition, with intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, scattered toning, and small area of paper loss to second page from wax seal. According to American Book Prices Current, in the last 40 years, only four ALSs of Josiah Bartlett penned in 1776 have ever been offered for sale at major public auctions. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The New Hampshire representative receives 120 shillings on “August 11th, 1776 by Cash Rec’d at Philadelphia,” for signing the Declaration of Independence 1566. Josiah Bartlett. Manuscript ADS, one page, 12.25 x 8.5, January 1, 1778.

Document from The State of New Hampshire to Josiah Bartlett, detailing financial accounts pertaining to “time and expences between the 3’d Day of September 1775 and the 9th Day of November 1776, Three Hundred & Ninety five Days at 30/pr Day as pr order of the Genl Assembly,” in the amount of 592 shillings, 10 pence and zero pounds. A tally is put in order, detailing when and from where the funds were received: “By cash rec’d of…August 1775 to be accounted for, 140:0:0; By cash recei’d at Philadelphia as pr Receipt 30th Dec. 1775, 120:0:0; August 11th, 1776 by Cash Rec’d at Philadelphia, 120:0:0; May 1776 Rec’d Cash of the Treasr to be accounted for, 100:0:0; By Cash Rec’d for Jared Tracys, Bringing money from Philadelphia, 10:16:0,” coming to a tally of 592:10:0. with Bartlett adding, “Errors Excepted pr Josiah Bartlett,” endorsed by a Justice of the Peace. Bartlett’s name is also docketed three times on the reverse in another hand. Intersecting folds, uniform toning, scattered light spotting, a few light areas of soiling, three trivial areas of separation along the central vertical fold, rough edges with a few small tears, and show-through from writing on the reverse, otherwise very good condition. An outstanding financial account, penned nearly entirely in Barlett’s hand, outlines payment from the state of New Hampshire for his time serving in the Continental Congress from “the 3’d Day of September 1775 and the 9th Day of November 1776.” Bartlett was the first representative to be asked regarding a declaration of independence from Great Britain, to which he affirmatively responded. As the second signer, he made his affirmation official on August 2, 1776, when he penned his signature to the formal copy of the Declaration, right after Hancock’s. Just days later, Bartlett would reap the fruits of his labor: “August 11th, 1776 by Cash Rec’d at Philadelphia, 120:0:0.” RRAuction COA.…(MB $500)

Declaration of Independence Signers

1567. Charles Carroll of Carrollton. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Maryland (1737–1832) who was the longestlived among his colleagues. Ink signature, “errors excepted, Ch. Carroll of Carrollton,” on an off-white 4.5 x 1.25 slip clipped from a larger letter or document. In fine condition, with a couple light vertical folds, a mild shade of toning, and adhesive remnants on reverse. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Floridly penned letter from the last surviving signer offering neutral words about the upcoming election of 1828: “Anxious for the welfare of the country, my only wish is that it may fall on him whose measures may be directed to the public good” 1568. Charles Carroll of Carrollton. ALS signed “Ch. Carroll

of Carrollton,” one page, 8 x 10, May 25, 1827. Carroll writes about the upcoming presidential contest in answer to a question from an Annapolis printer, William M’Neir, who issued a newspaper known as The Carrolltonian, or Spirit of Seventy-Six, in full: “I received your letter of the 23rd. I take no part in the contest respecting the election of the next President, of course. I give no opinion which of the candidates should be the choice of the people: anxious for the welfare of the country, my only wish is that it may fall on him whose measures may be directed to the public good. I have requested Mr. Brice to get from you my account. I think one year’s of my subscription to the Carrolltonion is due, which Mr. Brice will pay out of the first monies belonging to me in his hands,” adding the post script, “I had just finished this letter when my grandson Mr. Ch[arles] Harper called upon me. I communicated to him your letter to me & my answer; he desired me to permit him to take a copy of the first paragraph to insert in the evening’s paper of this day; that my sentiments respecting the presidential election may be more generally known. I consented to his request,” initialed, “C. C. of C.” Address panel on reverse penned in Carrollton’s hand. Professionally cleaned and restored, with shadows of previously intersecting folds, some scattered light creasing, uniform toning, scattered light foxing, mild brushing to the signature and some of the text, an area of restored paper above the address panel, and the faint remnants of a wax seal, otherwise very good condition. A wealthy Maryland landowner and businessman, the 88-year-old Carroll writes here about the upcoming Presidential contest, which saw a rematch between John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson, former opponents in the 1824 race as well. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

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The last surviving Signer continues to manage his extensive business interests

1569. Charles Carroll of Carrollton. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Maryland (1737–1832) who was the longest-lived among his colleagues. ALS signed “Ch. Carroll of Carrollton,” one page both sides, 7.75 x 9.75, November 18, 1825. Letter to James F. Brice. In full: “On my arrival yesterday at this city I found yr letter of the 14th. Wm Nichols told me you have distrained his property : in doing so you acted injudiciously. The articles distrained are valued…to $1934.50. Nichols wishes you to buy on my account the property distrained and to leave it in his hands for sale to hnr my claim agst him of $1686.30 1/4; to your doing so I have no objection & desire you to buy the property. I believe Nichols to be an honest man & will sell the articles, particularly the tobacco better than either of us, and apply the proceeds of sale honestly to the discharge of his debt. The $13.60 due to Mr. Randall for shingles you will allow in…payment of his rent.

I have no account with This. F. Hall: was the judgement against him for $53 obtained on his note taken on the sale of Andrew Nichols property, or on the sale of corn made at the Farm, when possession of it was given to him. In the list of notes taken on both sales his name is not included. I observe you pay the postage of your letters to me, this is unnecessary; for the future charged to me the postage of letters you receive from me. Nichols says plaster is of no benefit to the soil of the Farm. I know it is too light for wheat, but plaster will stiffen the soil, improve it by producing clover.” Reverse of second integral page bears an address panel in Carrollton’s hand, “To James F. Brice, Esqr, Annapolis,” and docketed on another panel in an unknown hand. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, one passing between portions of Carrollton’s signature, a uniform shade of mild toning, with a couple areas of circular toning to back page of letter, partially separated hinge, and a couple small areas of paper loss to second page. Lengthy correspondence from the then 88 year-old who had long shied away from politics, but remained immersed in his businesses. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1570. Samuel Chase. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Maryland (1741–1811) and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court from 1796 until his death. ALS, one page, 7.25 x 3.75, April 21, 1796. Chase writes to Samuel Meredith, Treasurer of the United States. In full: “Be pleased to pay Samuel Sterett Esqr. the sum contained in the warrant at the Treasury Office on account of salary due me to 1st of this month.” Old intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, rough trimmed edges, and a small pencil notation to lower left, otherwise fine condition. Document is contained in a half morocco and cloth case, with spine gilt. In his 1995 reference History Comes to Life, Kenneth Rendell places Chase’s autograph material into the “rare” category among the Signers. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Scarce handwritten check from the founder of the Bank of Philadelphia 1571. George Clymer. Signer of the

Declaration of Independence; founder and president of the Bank of Philadelphia. Uncommon handwritten check, 5.25 x 2, written out and signed by Clymer, “Geo. Clymer,” dated February 28, 1803. Drawn on the “Bank Ustates,“ Clymer writes: “Pay Mr. Conyer or bearer Twenty Dollars.” Check appears to be mounted to a slightly larger board, and matted and framed with an engraved portrait of Clymer, to an overall size of 10.75 x 16.5. In fine condition, with a couple creases and wrinkles and a cancellation cut to lower left. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1572. Declaration of Independence. The Pennsylvania Packet and Daily Adviser newspaper, dated July 31, 1789, 11 x 18.5, four pages. Printed and sold by John Dunlap and David C. Claypoole. Newspaper has published the initial report of the committee considering Madison’s proposed amendments to the U.S. Constitution which became the Bill of Rights, including the right of conscientious objectors not to bear arms which was expunged from the amendment before it was sent to the states for ratification. On July 21, 1789, Congressman John Vining of Delaware mwas appointed to chair a select committee of 11 to review, and make a report on, the subject of amendments to the Constitution. The report included 20 words to be added before the introductory phrase “We the people” which was not approved by Congress. On August 24, 1789, the House of Representatives passed 17 proposed amendments which were reduced to 12 before it was passed by the Senate and House and sent to the states on September 25, 1789 for ratification. On December 15, 1791, ten of these proposals became the First through Tenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution when they were ratified by the Virginia legislature. Vining’s report, in full, as published on the third page of this newspaper, with eventual action taken by Congress and/or the states in brackets. In part: “In the introductory paragraph before the words, ‘We the people’ add, ‘Government being intended for the benefit of the people, and the rightful establishment thereof being derived from their authority alone.’” [Not proposed by Congress] “Art. 1, Sec. 2, Par. 3 - Strike out all between the words, ‘direct’ and ‘and until such,’ and instead thereof insert, ‘After the first enumeration there shall be one representative for every thirty thousand until the number shall amount to one hundred…Art. 1, Sec. 9 - Between Par. 2 and 3 insert, ‘No religion shall be established by law, nor shall the equal rights of conscience be infringed.’” “The freedom of speech, and of the press, and the right of the people peaceably to assemble and consult for their common good, and to apply to the government for redress of grievances, shall not be infringed. [Ratified as 1st Amendment: “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.”] “A well regulated militia, composed of the body of the people, being the best security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed, but no person religiously scrupulous shall be compelled to bear arms.” [Ratified as 2nd Amendment: “A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the People to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.”] “No soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war but in a manner to be prescribed by law.” [Ratified as 3rd Amendment: “No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.”].” In very good condition, with a central horizontal fold, uniform toning, chips and pinholes to edges, and a few creases. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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1573. George Clymer. Endorsement, signed “Geo.

Clymer,” at the bottom of a manuscript document, one page, 8.25 x 3.75, November 2, 1802. Financial document signed by Henry Clymer, reads, in part: “I promise to pay…to Geo. Clymer, on order Twelve Hundred & Twenty Five Dollars.” Endorsement at the bottom reads, “To Credit of Bearer,” and signed underneath by Clymer. Clymer has also endorsed the reverse of the document, “Geo. Clymer.” Intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, paper loss to lower right corner, rough edges, and a uniform shade of mild toning, heavier to left edge, otherwise fine condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The Declaration of Independence, as engraved by Huntington

1574. Declaration of Independence. Very rare broadside of the Declaration of Independence, 18 x 22.75, printed on heavy woven paper, with “Engraved by E. Huntington,” printed at the bottom. The handsome broadside has been professionally restored and backed, including treatment of tears, areas of minor paper loss, and creases, some of which affect the printed signatures at the bottom, and is removably encapsulated in acid free Mylar. In good to very good condition, with aforementioned repairs, scattered creases, and mild soiling.

After the War of 1812 came an increased sense of nationalism, and being at war with the British again brought to mind the fight for independence. Forty years had passed and the vast majority of Americans had no memories of the Revolution, and few knew what the Declaration of Independence actually said. A few early printers picked up on the nation’s patriotic fervor; the earliest was a writing master named Benjamin Owen Tyler, who created a decorative version of the Declaration and published it in 1818. Others followed, but they were large, ornate, and too expensive for the average American. In the early 1820s, Hartford engraver and penmanship author Eleazer Huntington followed Tyler’s example by creating a calligraphic facsimile of the document. He removed the ornamentation and illustration others had added, made it truer to the original, and also reduced its size. These changes made his broadside more affordable and therefore more accessible to the general public. This extremely scarce print represents the first time that the words proclaiming the nation’s independence were made widely available to all Americans. RRAuction COA.…(MB $1000)

Declaration of Independence Signers

1796 book with an early Philadelphia printing of the Declaration of Independence

1575. Declaration of Independence. Book: The Laws of the United States of America Volume II. Philadelphia: Richard Folwell, 1796. Rebound hardcover with original boards, 5 x 8, 576 pages. Book contains a full printing of the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation. Also in this volume are many treaties with Indian tribes. Uniform light toning to inside pages, reinforced hinges, pencil notations to front pastedown and first free end page, and wear and scuffing to covers, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Highly desirable facsimile of the Dunlap Broadside Declaration of Independence

1576. Declaration of Independence. Very rare facsimile

copy of first printing of The Declaration of Independence, 15.75 x 19.5, printed by R.R. Donnelly & Sons Company, recreated from a first Dunlap broadside printing of the Declaration of Independence. On the reverse at the lower margin is printed, “Facsimile Reproduced by R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company, The Lakeside Press from the original owned by Ira G. Corn, Jr. and Joseph P. Driscoll.” John Dunlap made the first copies of the Declaration of Independence on the night of July 4, 1776. One of the handful of surviving copies was purchased by Ira G. Corn, Jr. and Joseph P. Driscoll at auction for $404,000 in 1970, and facsimile copies were commissioned through the R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company, The Lakeside Press. A limited set of facsimiles were made with every detail from the type of paper to the type of printing being as faithful as possible to the original. In very good condition, with scattered toning and foxing and toning along original folds. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Exemplary wood relic, taken from the oak planks on which the Signers stood as they made history! 1577. Declaration of Independence. Portion of wood, 2 x 3.5, taken from an original oak beam which supported the floor of the Declaration Chamber in Independence Hall, the very place where the Declaration of Independence was adopted and signed. Relic is housed in a leather-bound, satin lined presentation folder containing an informational card, signed and dated January 3, 1916. Two replica silver coins are inlaid in the front cover, one featuring an eagle, and the other the scales of justice. In fine condition, with light wear to the cover. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200) 1578. William Floyd. Signer of the Declaration of Independence

from New York (1734–1821). Scarce signed book: Coelebs in Search of a Wife: Comprehending Observations on Domestic Habits and Manners, Religion and Morals Volume 1 of 2. Later printing. NY: I. Riley, 1810. Hardcover, 3 x 5.5, 214 pages. Signed at the top of the first free end page, “Wm. Floyd 1813.” Scattered toning to signed page, some lightly over signature, as well as scattered toning to opening and closing pages and both pastedowns, rubbing to contemporary half-calf and paper boards, and chipping and crazing to spine, otherwise very good condition. Book is housed in a modern custom leather clamshell box. In his 1995 reference History Comes to Life, Kenneth Rendell places Floyd’s autograph material into the “rare” category among the Signers. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Declaration of Independence Signers 15

Rare Newport, RI land deed docketed by the Rhode Island Signer in 1776 1579. William Ellery. Docketing signature, “Wm Ellery,” dated 1776, and notation on the reverse of an extraordinarily rare 13.25 x 16.75 partly-printed land deed for land being sold to William Channing. Document reads, in part: “To all people to whom these presents shall come William Channing of Newport in the county of Newport and colony of Rhode Island send greeting, KNOW YE, that the said William Channing for and in consideration of the sum of eighty pounds lawful money to me. In Hand, before the ensealing hereof, well and truly paid by William Ellery of Newport aforesd Esq. The receipt whereof I do hereby acknowledge and myself therewith fully satisfied, contented and paid; and thereof, and of every part and parcel thereof . . . lot of land . . . two acres and one quarter be the same more or less and bounded Northerly on a driftway Easterly on a high way Southerly on land of George Gibbs and Westerly on the land of Christopher Ellery.” Docketed on the reverse, “Deed Wm. Channing to Wm Ellery opa Baker’s Spring…1776.” Document has been professionally backed restoring several areas of paper loss. Aforementioned repair and restoration, intersecting folds, uniform toning over docketing panel, backing applied over docketing and signature, and scattered toning and creasing, otherwise very good condition. We know of only three other existing documents, and all sold almost 15 years ago at Christie’s. A similar endorsement, Lot 47, sold for over $8000. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

The scarce New York Signer authorizes a state payment, written by FDR’s preceding relative 1580. William Floyd. Manuscript DS signed “Wm. Floyd,” one page, 5.25 x 7, No-

vember 23, 1784. Warrant to New York State Treasurer Gererd Bancker, written out by Isaac Roosevelt. In full: “You are hereby authorised to pay Ezra L’Homodieu Esqr. for the Use of John Franiks, the sum of Twenty two pounds Sixteen shillings being for his Services under the direction of the Late Major John Davis Dec’d.in Procuring Clothing & C in persuance of an Act of the Legislature of this State passed the 7th March 1781 and in so doing this shall be your warrant.” Signed at the conclusion by Floyd, as a Commissioner, and also signed by Roosevelt. Reverse bears a handwritten and signed receipt from L’Hommedieu which reads, “Red’d New York 24th November 1784 from Gerard Bancker Treasurer Twenty two pounds sixteen shillings in full for the within order.” Document has been professionally cleaned and inlaid to a 7.5 x 9.75 off-white sheet. Aforementioned cleaning, previous light folds, light show-through from receipt on reverse, and a uniform shade of mild toning, otherwise fine condition. In his 1995 reference History Comes to Life, Kenneth Rendell places Floyd’s autograph material into the “rare” category among the Signers. Isaac Roosevelt was one of ten representatives from New York City who participated in the state Constitutional Convention, and was the great-great-grandfather of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Isaac achieved the most political success of any Roosevelt before Theodore Roosevelt. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/ PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Beautifully signed Franklin land grant, dating just two days after his election as president of Pennsylvania’s Supreme Council 1581. Benjamin Franklin. Manuscript DS, signed “B. Franklin Presd,” one page, 15.75 x 14.5, October 20, 1785. Franklin grants Joseph

Swift the “Morris” tract in Greenwood, Pennsylvania, measuring just over 296 acres in size. Signed in the left border by Franklin as President of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania, and countersigned by John Armstrong, Jr. Matted and framed to an overall size of 33.25 x 23. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, light toning along folds, a few spots to bottom blank portion, light show-through from seal on reverse, and some light creasing and wrinkling. The large eight-point embossed paper seal is toned, but crisp, with paper loss to six of the points. Franklin had only recently returned from France: he left Passy on July 12th and arrived in Philadelphia on September 14, 1785. He wasted no time returning to public affairs, serving as president of his state’s executive council until taking a seat in the Constitutional Convention in May of 1787. RRAuction COA.…(MB $1000)

Declaration of Independence Signers 17

“Since my last nothing new occurs, save ye approach of ye Enemy towards Ticonderoga” A day after the siege had ended in surrender, Gerry predicts the demise of the ill-prepared fort

1582. Elbridge Gerry. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Massachusetts (1744–1814) who later served as vice president under

James Madison. His name entered the language as a result of his support of politically advantageous redistricting, which became known as ‘gerrymandering.’ War-dated ALS signed “El. Gerry,” three pages on two adjoining sheets, 6.5 x 8.25, July 7, 1777. Gerry complains to James Warren about the defense of Ticonderoga, and writes about the Pennsylvania Test Act, one of many such acts passed by the states to require oaths of allegiance. In full: “Since my last nothing new occurs, save ye approach of ye Enemy towards Ticonderoga. By returns from General St. Clair of ye 25th June, it appears that ye eleven Battalions ordered from New Hamshire & Massachusetts Bay, which should contain near 8000 men, are very deficient, insomuch that he then had but 2000 effective men rank & file to defend that important post. This is so inadequate to the Force that will be brot against it, if the Enemy means to attack, that We have no other prospect but the Loss of the post, & I fear the Cause that will be said to be the Deficiency of the Batalions mentioned.

I wish that a speedy Enquiry may be made into this matter, in which ye Eastern States & N York are particularly interested as ye post being lost ye Enemy will advance towards ye Head of ye Country & afford additional Trouble to ye Inhabitants thereof. I think however that they will finally have Reason to repent an Event that they may now consider as advantageous, if the Militia of those States exert themselves with their wanted Spirit. The great Advantages arising to a State from such a Spirit have not only been realized by the Massachusetts Bay, & South Carolina, but also by the Jersies, which has been found by the Enemy too warm a Climate for a longer residence. Congress on this day to take into Consideration ye State of ye northern Department, & I wish that ye Batalions may be immediately recruited to their full Complem[en]t probably a reinforcement of ye Militia to Serve for ye Campaign will be tho’t necessary by Congress. I enclose you ye Test Act of this State, which is so well digested that I wish similar Acts may be adopted by ye other States.” Brief postscript reads, “Not being able to procure a paper with the Test, I suppose you will find it wth such of the printers as take Dunlaps papers. I have sent one to Mr. Gerry of M[arble]head.” Letter has been professionally silked to repair several separations. In very good condition, with aforementioned silking, intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, repaired total separation to hinge, uniform toning, and repair to paper loss to lower left corner of second page. In this letter to Warren, a Son of Liberty who fought in the Battle of Bunker Hill, Gerry laments how poorly Ticonderoga is defended and how easily it could be taken, if the British chose to attack, due to the small number of troops and their lack of experience. His concern over Ticonderoga’s safety and thoughts of a possible British attack were very timely considering this letter was written the day after St. Clair, the commanding officer and source of Gerry’s information, surrendered the fort to the British. This caused a huge public uproar and let to St. Clair being courtmartialed. Though the court and the facts exonerated him, he was never again given battlefield command. This is a fascinating letter by one of the founding fathers predicting one of the most devastating American losses days before he would learn that his fears had already come true. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $500)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Scarce handwritten letter from Vice President Gerry: “The Senate have made great progress in business today, & seem anxious to rise on the 11th of April” 1583. Elbridge Gerry. ALS signed “E. Gerry,” one page, 7.5 x 9.5, March 29, 1814. Letter to

an unknown recipient, written as Vice President. In full: “I omitted to mention, my dear Sir, the receipt of yours of the 6th instant. Mr. Mason has entered on the duties of his office. The Senate have made great progress in business today, & seem anxious to rise on the 11th of April. Your conduct in regard to Colo[nel] B has been honorable & friendly. He is now on his journey home. He knows nothing, neither do I, of the sources of the rumour respecting him. I have not mentioned them, having no authority to do it; lest he may urge acknowledge of facts which the Persons to whom he may apply could not give with propriety. This city was said to be dull when I arrived; It has been gay eno’ for any one since that period. I desired Mr. Keppele[,] Colo[nel] Austin Aldermen of Philadelphia to send Mr. Prentiss Depositions to you under my hand. Yours in great haste.” Letter is inlaid to a slightly larger off-white sheet. Intersecting folds, a uniform shade of mild toning, and signature a bit cramped, otherwise fine condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Choice Revolutionary War-dated letter as destructive Atlantic hurricanes foil Hancock’s travel plans 1584. John Hancock. Boldly penned Revolutionary War-dated ALS, one page, 6.75 x 9, October 5, 1780. Letter to John Brown Esq. In full: “The weather proves so exceedingly bad, & the boats so very cold that I am confident the Gentlemen would rather be incommoded by going to the castle this Day, I shall therefore hope for the pleasure of your & the other Gentlemen’s company on the Island some more agreeable day next week. I am to request the favor of you & the other Gentlemen of your board to dine with me this Day at my house at half past 1 o’clock—Your compliance & communicating this to your colleagues will much oblige.” Intersecting mailing folds (one through a single letter of signature), scattered mild toning (mostly to edges), some stray ink flecks, and mild show-through from red wax seal on reverse, otherwise fine condition. Hancock is more than likely referring to Castle Island, where Fort Castle William guarded Boston Harbor off South Boston. It is no surprise that he would forego a trip anywhere on the day in question as the 1780 Atlantic hurricane season was extraordinarily destructive—the deadliest Atlantic hurricane season in recorded history with more than 25,000 deaths. Three different hurricanes, all in October, each caused at least 1,000 deaths. Three weeks after writing this letter, the weather had cleared, and at the first meeting of the General Court on October 25, 1780, Hancock took his constitutional oath of office as the first governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Attractively and boldly penned, and highly presentable, this is as pristine a one-page, war-dated Hancock ALS as you could hope to find! Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $900)

Declaration of Independence Signers 19

Bold signature of the American patriot as Continental Congress president 1585. John Hancock.

Ink signature, “John Hancock,” on an off-white 3.5 x 1 clipped slip, with “President,” written next to Hancock’s signature in another hand. Archivally double cloth matted and framed with a portrait of Hancock, to an overall size of 11 x 14.5. Some scattered light toning and soiling, irregular edges, and portion of first letter of signature clipped off, otherwise fine condition. A bold example of one of the most recognized signatures in US history. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RRAuction COA.…(MB $500)

A merchant writes to Hancock with lofty hopes: “Being a merchant, I have for some time past been desirous to have a connection with you in that character” 1586. John Hancock. Lengthy letter to John Hancock

from Bristol merchant Henry Cruger, three pages on two adjoining sheets, dated March 18, 1771. Cruger writes, in part: “Being a merchant, I have for some time past been desirous to have a connection with you in that character. At any Rate, I was ambitious of a Correspondence with you…upon the encouragement given me by a number of gentlemen to put up one of my ships to take in good upon a General Freight for Boston-I determined to address her to you… Mr. Palfrey inform’d me of your inclination to establish a Ship on the Trade betwixt Boston & Bristol - and paid me the compliment to say I was the first & only person in the place that he would wish to see you connected with… very willing to hold a concern with you in a Vessel on this trade-either 1/4 or a 1/3d as was most agreable [sic] to your good self - but at the same time I think the more owners you have of your side of the water, the better on account of their orders for goods to promote her Freight. I am largely in the New York Trade-have the consignments of many vessels yearly… I submit the matter wholy [sic] to your discretion-I think if you were to build a good little ship of 150 to 160 tons, & have two or three owners of your side the water-I mean large importers of dry Goods-there is no doubt but the concern would get money by it. Engage your Friends who do business to this place to give your vessel the preference & my interest here can always command what freight is going… there are but few [articles sent] from your country to this… sixty or eighty tons of oil by a vessel goes off very well and so will 15 or 20 tons of pot ash. Dye wools of all sorts will sell in any quantity… lumber we abound in… NB spermacati oil is always L3 or L4 a ton lower in summer than winter… inclosed [sic] I beg leave to trouble you with three bills of Lading… I would not trouble you in this matter but as it may tend to promote the freight of a vessel of your own should you one day or other have one in trade… I have taken the liberty to trouble you with the consignment… should be glad to have my ship returned to Bristol directly if you can procure a Freight… [we] are quite overstocked with that kind of American lumber & it is become exceedingly cheap and very difficult to dispose of.” Docketed on the reverse of the second page by Hancock, “Henry Cruger Esq. from Bristol Rec’d May 9th 1771 By Capt Gough.” A couple slight separations along intersecting folds, several areas of paper loss along edges and central horizontal fold, and scattered toning and soiling, a bit heavier on docketed panel, otherwise very good condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Just one month after signing the Declaration of Independence in 1776, Hancock promotes James Clinton to the rank of Brigadier General 1587. John Hancock. Significant war-dated LS signed as President of the Continental Congress, “John Hancock, Presidt,” one page, 8 x 12, August 10, 1776. Letter to Brigadier General James Clinton informing him of his promotion to the rank of Brigadier General. In full: “The Congress having yesterday been pleased to promote you to the Rank of Brigadier General in the Army of the American States, I do myself the Pleasure to enclose your Commission [not present] and wish you happy.” Letter has been professionally cleaned and restored. Aforementioned cleaning and restoration to several folds and areas of paper loss, previous intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, scattered toning, wrinkling, and soiling, and a trimmed right edge, otherwise very good condition. Brigadier General James Clinton was a veteran of the French and Indian War, and played many an integral role in the Northern Department of the war. He served as colonel of the 3rd New York Regiment in 1775, and participated in Richard Montgomery’s expedition to Quebec. This promotion would find him during the time between commanding the 2nd New York Regiment and becoming an instrumental key factor in preventing Sir Henry Clinton’s relief expedition from making contact with Burgoyne in 1777, making possible the quintessential surrender at Saratoga. Documents signed in 1776 by Hancock are exceedingly desirable, especially on an appointment of such a revered, high level Revolutionary War general.Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $1000)

Hancock orders Town Meetings to select a representative in the first Congress of the United States 1588. John Hancock. Partly-printed document, issued by John Hancock, with his name printed twice on the document, one page, 9 x 12.5, January 6, 1789. In part, “These are in the Name of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, to will and require you, in manner as the Law directs for calling Town-Meetings, to cause the freeholders and other inhabitants of the town of Sherburn duly qualified to vote for Representatives to the General Court of this Commonwealth, to assemble on Thursday, the twenty-ninth day of January current, to give in their votes for a Representative, who shall be an inhabitant of the district of Middlesex to represent the said District, in the Congress of the United States of America, to the Selectmen who shall preside at said meeting.” Document is signed twice by John Avery. Intersecting folds, mild overall toning from previous display, and a couple pinholes of paper loss along folds, otherwise fine condition. The large paper seal is worn, but intact. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200) Declaration of Independence Signers 21

Broadside requiring Massachusetts citizens to provide four million pounds of beef for the Continental Army 1589. John Hancock. Revolutionary War-dated

printed broadside, three pages on two adjoining sheets, 8.5 x 13.5, dated December 4, 1780. A resolution requiring inhabitants to “furnish a Number of Cattle or Money sufficient to purchase the same, that the Quantity of Beef, including Hides and Tallow, may amount to Four Million Six Hundred and Twenty six Thousand One Hundred and Seventy-eigth Pounds” for the use of the Continental Army. A schedule of the specific weights to be provided by each town is printed on page two and three. The resolution also details how the payments are to be made, and the penalties for not furnishing the required goods in a timely fashion. Hancock’s name is printed at the conclusion of the broadside. In very good condition, with small separations along horizontal folds and hinge, uniform toning, and scattered edge wear. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1590. Benjamin Harrison. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Virginia (1726-1791). Harrison was the father of President William Henry Harrison and greatgrandfather of President Benjamin Harrison. Bold ink signature, “Benj Harrison,” on an off-white 3.25 x 1 slip clipped from a larger letter or document. In fine condition, with a few stray ink marks and a bit of mild toning. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Incredibly scarce dual-signed 1776 document from New Jersey Signers Clark and Hart 1591. John Hart and Abraham Clark. Manuscript DS, signed “John Hart” and “Abra. Clark,” one page, 7.5 x 5.5, March 2, 1776. Document addressed to the Treasurers of the Provincial Congress reads in full, “This is to certify that Caleb Camp hath attented as a Deputy in Provintial Congress in New Jersey, sixty days in this and a siting at Trenton in October last for which he is intitiuled [sic] to receive Nineteen pounds twelve shillings proclamation.” Document is also signed on the reverse by Silas Condict, and also docketed by Camp. The document has been professionally silked on the reverse and is in very good condition, with a small area of paper loss to top right affecting a single word of text, a bit of mild ink erosion to paraph of Clark’s signature, two horizontal folds, mild toning, scattered light soiling, and light show-through from docketing on reverse. A true rarity, this official Provincial Congress document bears the most important year in American history as well as the signatures of two signers of the Declaration of Independence. Virtually no other items of this essential date signed by Hart have been sold at major public auctions in the last 25 years, and only this and one other Clark 1776 document have ever sold. Ex-Sang collection. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $900)

Declaration of Independence Signers

1592. Thomas Heyward, Jr. Partly-printed DS, signed “Thos. Heyward Junr,” one page, 13 x 8, July 4, 1786. A warrant by which Heyward directs the sheriff to compel the appearance of Samuel Cooper in a plea of trespass brought by one John Hamilton, claiming damages amounting to 60 pounds sterling. Boldly signed under the paper seal by Heyward. Reverse bears an endorsement from Sheriff William Withers in which he reports that he was not able to serve the summons on Cooper and so left a copy at “at his house.” Several vertical folds, some ink erosion to signature, uniform toning, scattered soiling, and show-through from endorsements and docketing on reverse, otherwise very good condition. The white seal is intact. Document was originally offered by Christie’s in 2011. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1593. Thomas Heyward, Jr. Signer of the Declaration of Independence

from South Carolina (1746–1809). Ink signature, “Tho. Heyward Jun,” on an off-white 3.25 x 1.75 slip clipped from a larger document. In fine condition, with adhesive residue on reverse, uniform toning, and show-through from writing on reverse. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1594. Thomas Heyward, Jr. Partly-print-

ed DS, signed “Tho. Heyward, Jr,” one page, 8 x 13, August 29, 1788. document, filed by Benjamin Rush on behalf of Edgar Wells and Hugh Bethune, indicates that Benjamin Bush is required to appear before the Circuit Court of Common Pleas in the district of Beaufort, on account of a debt he owes to them “for goods, wares & merchandises…in the sum of fourteen pounds twelve shillings.” Signed at the conclusion by Heyward, who was serving as a judge for the circuit court, which is the likely reason for his signature on the document. Reverse is docketed and has notations by the local sheriff, Thomas Grayson, attesting that he served the defendant with the document and indicating its entry in his office. In very good condition, with partial separations along horizontal folds, scattered toning and soiling, wax seal remnant to top left corner, show-through from docketing on reverse, and scattered light creasing and wrinkling. Precertified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1595. Thomas Heyward, Jr. Manuscript DS, signed

“Tho. Heyward, Jr,” one page, 11.75 x 8, October 30, 1784. Document concerning the administration of an estate. In part: “The defendant William Hart maketh oath that the above is a just and true account of his administration & that he hath not in his hands any money, goods, or chattels which was of Samuel Horsey deceased.” It is signed at the bottom by Thomas Heyward, as judge, and docketed on the reverse by Thomas Pinckney, lawyer. Document has been inlaid to a slightly larger off-white sheet. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, Heyward’s signature a shade or two light, but completely legible, scattered light toning and foxing, and show-through from docketing on reverse. Document is housed in a blue half morocco and cloth clamshell case, with spine gilt. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

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The New Jersey delegate orders the survey of the ship Anna “to estimate the Amount of Damage, Wastage or Loss” 1596. Francis Hopkinson. Manuscript DS,

signed “Fras Hopkinson,” one page, 12.5 x 8, May 3, 1785. The order to examine a ship in the port of Philadelphia, signed by Hopkinson as Judge of the Admirality of the Court reads, in full: “Application having been made to Me by Richard Copplestone Master of the Ship or Vessel, called The Anna lately arrived from Bristol and now lying in this Port, for a Survey to be made on the said Ship You, or any two of you, taking to your Assistance my Ship-Carpenter or other Tradesman if you shall think it necessary so to do, are hereby directed and required diligently and carefully to Survey and examine as well the said Ship as the Goods, Wares, and Merchandizes laden on board, or any Parts or portions thereof, as you shall be thereto requested by the Owners or Consignees of the said Cargo or of any part thereof; and you are to estimate the Amount of Damage, Wastage or Loss, if any, which the said Cargo or any part thereof may have sustained on Board the said Ship and also to ascertain the Occasion of such Damage, Wastage or Loss, to the best of your Skill and Judgement, particularly specifying the Marks and Numbers of the Bales, Boxes, Casks or Packages, wherein such damaged Goods or Deficiencies may be found: In pursuance and according to the Direction of an Act of General Assembly of this Commonwealth, entitled ‘An Act for the further Regulation of the Port of Philadelphia, and ‘enlarging the Powers of the Wardens thereof;’ And how you Shall have executed this Writ made a Return to Me, under your Hands duly signed on the Sixth Day of May Instant or on the next Court Day together with this Writ.” Accompanied by the report of the survey of the ship Anna, which reads, “at the Instance of Richard Copplestone Master of the Ship Anna from Bristol. We Thomas Pryor & Francis Gurney two of the Wardens of the Port of Philadelphia, duly appointed and attested according to Law, Have diligently and carefully surveyed and examined the Said Ship and found her Cargo well Stowed and properly Dunaged [sic, Dunnaged].” Boldly signed at the conclusion by Hopkinson. In very good to fine condition, with vertical folds reinforced on reverse, a vertical fold passing through a single letter of signature, uniform toning, a bit heavier along folds, and a couple trivial edge chips. A well-preserved document boasting a large signature brimming with nautical content. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Jefferson presidential franking signature 1597. Thomas Jefferson. Bold presidential

franking signature, “Free, Th: Jefferson Pr. US,” on a 2.5 x 1 off-white clipped slip, affixed to a slightly larger off-white slip. Matted and framed with an engraved portrait to an overall size of 11.75 x 17.25. In very good condition, with light folds, scattered light spotting, some lightly affecting “Free,” and the first letter of signature, and a bit of scattered light soiling. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/ PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Huntington sends congratulations to the French foreign minister and chief peace negotiator on “the Important Glorious Success of our Combined Forces in the compleat Capture of Ld Cornwallis and all his Army” 1598. Samuel Huntington. Auto-

graphed letter, one page both sides, 8.25 x 13.5, November 7, 1781. Unsigned draft letter, docketed on the reverse by Huntington, “Copy of letter to the Minister of France Novr 7th 1781,” sending congratulations to the foreign minister. In full, with corrections and additions; words crossed out are in brackets: “I cannot deny myself the pleasure of Congratulating you on the Important Glorious Success of our Combined Forces in the compleat Capture of Ld Cornwallis and all his Army. [I am truly charmed with] The conduct of Count de Grasse so far as [it] hath come to my knowledge charms me; his drupping the British fleet sufficient to [Convince] teach them [they might not & could] to keep at due distance & not [until the Cheasapeake or] again attempt to Interrupt the siege, & at the same time not Suffering himself to be too far diverted from his first main object, Evinces that he possesd Tallents accomplishments equal to his Station worthy of so Important Command in the Navy. May our Successes this Campaign be in proportion to the Generous imparalled aids [which these United States have] received from his most Christian and proved Eventually productive of the happiest Consequences to [France and America] the perpetual advantage of both nations.” Partial separation along one horizontal fold, with several small professional repairs to other separations, several small areas of ink erosion to text, show-through from writing on opposing sides, and mild toning, otherwise very good condition. Huntington, as the first President of the United States in Congress Assembled, wrote this exuberant 1781 letter to French Foreign Minister Charles Gravier, Comte de Vergennes, who was largely responsible for securing the French aid which made Cornwallis’ capture and surrender possible. Washington and his French allies were planning a move against the British occupying New York City in May when Lafayette reported that Cornwallis had marched his 7,000 weary troops to the Chesapeake to resupply and was now vulnerable to an attack. But Washington had his own powerful naval weapon which Huntington referred to in this letter: Admiral Comte De Grasse. His 29 French warships and 3,000 troops arrived off the coast of Virginia about August 26, 1781, where the troops disembarked to join the land blockade of Cornwallis. A few days later the French admiral engaged British admiral Graves’ squadron in the Battle of the Chesapeake, pushing the British navy further from Cornwallis, leaving his army without reinforcements or supplies. By September 13, the English fleet commanded by Graves limped north after sustaining heavy damage. The French general pursued, luring Graves from the bay and away from Admiral de Barras heading south with heavy equipment for the siege of Yorktown and eventually broke off, returning to the Chesapeake as the British sailed to New York for repairs. In late September, Washington and Rochambeau arrived to join the siege. The British and Hessian troops were now trapped, their escape routes blocked on the sea by De Grasse and on land by Washington, Lafayette, and Rochambeau. By the time Graves’ squadron made repairs and sailed south, it was too late—Cornwallis had already surrendered on October 19 and the American Revolution was won. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

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Jefferson promotes the controversial Joshua Blake 1599. Thomas Jefferson. Partly-printed DS as president, signed “Th: Jefferson,” one page, 13.25 x 17, May 22, 1801. Jefferson appoints Joshua Blake “a Lieutenant in the Navy in the service of the United States…to take rank from the 4th day of July 1800.” Signed at the conclusion by Jefferson and countersigned by Acting Secretary of the Navy Henry Dearborn. Elaborately double matted and framed, with frame and ornate designs done in 22k gold leaf, with a color portrait of Jefferson and an informational plaque, to an overall size of 34 x 27. In very good condition, with intersecting folds (a horizontal fold through top of a few letters of signature), some areas of scattered moderate spotting, light toning (some over the signature), and light wrinkling. Joshua Blake was promoted to lieutenant for his actions during the Quasi-War with France, but found himself plagued by accusations of cowardice only three years later during the Barbary Wars. On August 3, 1804, Commodore Preble commenced an attack on Tripoli as enemy gunboats ventured outside the rocks of Tripoli while American gunboats, including gunboat no. 3 commanded by senior Lieutenant Joshua Blake, attacked the Tropolitans. Outnumbered 3 to 1, gunboats no. 1 and no. 2 engaged the enemy, but gunboat 3 failed to close, firing from a distance. Though the encounter was an American victory with only one death, Blake’s performance came into question and he was replaced. An affronted Blake called for a court of inquiry which revealed that the lieutenant had obeyed a signal of recall, mistakenly given from the flagship. In a letter to Blake on September 6, 1806, Preble wrote “Captain Somers, who commanded the division to which you were attached on the 3rd of August, made his report...I extracted from that report the very mildest part. Had I published the whole...it would have influenced the public mind, as well as the Secretary’s, much against you....Of course I placed you in action with the rest of the squadron, and I observed that had you gone to the assistance of Capt. Somers, some of the enemy’s boats might have been captured, still I did not infer but that you were as usefully employed…your motives for demanding a court of inquiry were undoubtedly correct.” A year later, Blake was court-martialed for quarreling with a superior officer, receiving a public reprimand. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $500)

President Jefferson extends a dinner invitation to a New York congressman 1600. Thomas Jefferson. Partly-printed invitation, one page, 8 x 5, dated December

26, 1806. Invitation reads, “Th. Jefferson requests the favour of Mr. Masters to dine with him on Monday, the 29th at half after three, or at whatever later hour the House may rise. Friday 26 Dec 1806. The favour of an answer is asked.” Second integral page bears a small address panel to Mr. Masters as well as a docket which reads, “The President note to dine.” Intersecting folds, a few diagonal creases, and a bit of scattered light toning, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Scarce Francis Lewis document serving as a guarantor for his future son-in-law 1601. Francis Lewis. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from New York (1713–1803). Rare partly-printed DS, signed “Fran Lewis,” one page, 6.5 x 12.5, August 23, 1770. Document which binds Lewis, George Robertson, and John Bowles in administration of the estate of Robertson’s kin Dougal Campbell, which, if not carried out properly, will result in a debt to the English Crown for the sum of £500. In part: “Know all men by these presents, that we George Robertson of the City of New York Esqr. Lieutenant of His Majesty’s Ship Fowey, Francis Lewis of Queen’s County Esquire and John Bowles of the Cty of New York aforesaid gentleman are held and firmly bound unto our Sovereign Lord George the third by the Grace of God, of Great-Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c. in the Sum of Five hundred pounds, current Money of the Province of New-York, To be paid to his said Majesty, his Heirs or Successors. To the which Payment well and truly to be made, we do bind us, and every one of us, our and every of our Heirs, Executors and Administrators, jointly and severally, firmly by these Presents.” In good condition, with repaired horizontal separations, several old tape repairs, one causing a strip of moderate toning along central horizontal fold, small chips and areas of paper loss, and a uniform shade of mild toning. In his 1995 reference History Comes to Life, Kenneth Rendell places Lewis’s autograph material into the “very rare” category among the Signers. Precertified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

McKean acknowledges the 1781 appointment of Holker as Consul General of France as the American-French forces march to Yorktown 1602. Thomas McKean. LS signed as President of the United States in Congress Assembled, “Tho M:Kean,” one page, 7.5 x 9, September 12, 1781. Letter to Joseph Reed, President of Pennsylvania. In full: “Inclosed herewith your Excellency will receive an Act of Congress of the 10th instant, acknowledging the Sieur Holker as Consul General of France in the States of New-York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania & Delaware; and a form of an Exequatur, or notification of his quality, which is recommended as proper to be used by those States upon the occasion. Similar forms are to be used in all such cases hererafter, as you will perceive by an Act of Congress of the 31st of August, herewith also inclosed. I have the honor to be, with very great respect, Your Excellency’s most obedient humble Servant.” In very good condition, with intersecting folds, and scattered light creasing and soiling, including a small area under signature.

After adopting the Articles of Confederation on March 1, 1781, the Continental Congress became officially known as “The United States in Congress Assembled.” Thereafter, its president was referred to as the “President of the United States in Congress Assembled.” McKean served in this capacity from July to November, the shortest term of any presiding officer of Congress since independence; Reed was the President of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania from 1778-1781. When Congress received a letter on September 10 from the chevalier de La Luzerne, Minister Plenipotentiary of France, enclosed with a commission from King Louis XVI announcing Holker’s consular appointment, the president sent Reed this letter. Holker, a French-raised merchant and son of a British exile, previously assisted Franklin in secretly providing supplies and money for the Continental Army before France officially entered the war. A week before McKean wrote this letter, French Admiral de Grasse had debarked 3,000 men to add to Lafayette’s force in Virginia and the combined armies of Washington and Rochambeau marched from Philadelphia south towards Yorktown. On September 28, the American-French forces staged the siege of Yorktown resulting in Cornwallis’ surrender to Washington three weeks later, thus ending the Revolutionary War. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

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Declaration of Independence Signers

One of the only known handwritten letters from the ill-fated Signer, scarcer than even Button Gwinnett! 1603. Thomas Lynch, Jr. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from South Carolina (1749-1779) and a member of the Continental Congress. Born in Prince George’s Parish, Winyah, South Carolina, Lynch received a privileged gentleman’s education in England at Eton and Cambridge, and studied law at the Middle Temple in London. After returning to America in 1772, he became a prosperous planter and became heavily involved in politics, serving in his state’s provincial congresses, constitutional committee, and general assembly. From 1775 he served as a captain in the Revolutionary War, resigning his commission with his election as a delegate to the Continental Congress in February 1776. Five months later, at the age of twentysix, he was the second youngest (behind Edward Rutledge, by three months) of the fifty-six men to put their names to the Declaration of Independence. By the end of the year, a lingering fever contracted during his military service worsened, and Lynch was forced to decline another term. In 1779, his health worsening, Lynch set off for the south of France with his wife, hoping that the climate would benefit his ailing health. On the first leg of the trip, en route to the West Indies, the ship was lost, its ultimate fate-and that of its passengers, including Lynch-unknown. Virtually nonexistent war-dated ALS signed “Thomas Lynch,” one page, 8 x 10.25, March 1, 1776. Letter written from Charlestown to George Laurence Eaton, Esquire. In full: “I am happy to extend to you the enclosed letter on his Excellys. account. I shall explain to my Father the visit and the reason. With great esteem I have the honor to be your friend.” Reverse bears an address panel in Lynch’s hand to “George Laurence Eaton Esquire, Charlestown,” with “The politeness of James Coggsehall, Esq,” written in the lower left of the address panel. In fair to good condition, with approximately 150-year-old fabric and glue repairs on the reverse of previously separated intersecting folds and tears, with some of the repairs passing through text and signature but not affecting the legibility, scattered toning and soiling, a few small holes including one to the center affecting a portion of a single letter of text, paper loss to each edge, and light show-through from address on reverse. Accompanied by two condition reports from the Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts, one from 2008 listing the proposed treatment, and one from 2009 describing the treatment the letter received. Also accompanied by an earlier report of the laboratory examination of the letter by Federal Forensic Associates, Inc., done in 1991. Lynch is widely considered the most elusive Signer, and the way in which he came to lay his name to the document, equally rare. He was serving in the South Carolina militia in 1776 while his father, Thomas Lynch, Sr, was serving in the First Continental Congress. The latter, designated as one of the 56 signers, became paralyzed after suffering a cerebral hemorrhage in February of 1776, leading to the younger Lynch’s summons from the South Carolina Second Provincial Congress to join his father in Philadelphia as a delegate. This made the two the first and only father and son to serve the Continental Congress. The 26 year old Lynch, Jr became the 52nd Declaration signer. His father died in December of 1776, and he himself followed not long afterwards. Battling a malingering fever contracted from his service in the militia in 1775, Lynch and his wife embarked on a trip to France via the West Indies in 1779, seeking medical attention. Their ship was lost at sea, and neither were heard from again. Due to division amongst his three sisters, fire, and two wars, Lynch’s papers were scattered or destroyed, only a scarce few ever to surface. This floridly penned letter is one of the resilient survivors, possessing an unmatched desirability amongst Declaration collectors. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $5000)

Declaration of Independence Signers 29

The Delaware Signer inquires as to the status of a conspiracy suit: “His conduct towards me has been so vexatious in this affair, that any jury would assess damages against him for more than the interest” 1604. Thomas McKean. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Delaware (1734–1817) who later served as a Revolutionary War officer, delegate to the Continental Congress, and Governor of Pennsylvania. ALS signed “Tho M:Kean,” one page, 7.75 x 10, August 24, 1811. Letter to James Rogers. In full: “I should be pleased with your information of the present state of my actions against McBeath, Ogle and Crow, and of the time when they might probably be tried. It appears to me very advisable to have the deposition of Andrew Pettit Esqr. taken in the action for conspiracy ag. McBeath & Ogle, to be read in evidence on the trial &c. which I believe I mentioned to you in two former letters. What can be the difficulty in John Crow’s case? He does not deny that he owes me three years rent, amot. £94.8 and I have agreed to allow his just accounts for money paid on my account for repairs of the Bank of the meadows &c. His conduct towards me has been so vexatious in this affair, that any jury would assess damages against him for more than the interest; and he certainly would by public trial forfeit all character as a just & honest man. Please to send me a copy of Crow’s account agt. me, and write to me as soon as convenient. I will attend personally on the trials, when I shall have notice from you.” In very good condition, with intersecting mailing folds, with a vertical fold through a single letter of signature, small area of ink erosion to signature, reinforced on the reverse, and a uniform shade of mild toning. A boldly penned example with interesting legal content as McKean’s patience has run out on Crow’s three year debt. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Lengthy handwritten letter from New York Signer Lewis Morris 1605. Lewis Morris. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from

New York (1726–1798). ALS, one page, 8 x 12.75, August 23, 1788. Letter to his son, Jacob Morris, concerning the birth of a daughter. In full: “I most sincerely congratulate you on Polly’s safe delivery of as fine a girl as ever you saw, it looks like your Mother, the finest feature in her face is her nose, which is very large; Polly was delivered on the 21st instant, a little after four o’clock in the afternoon, by old Mother Sickels, and she had a very fine time of it, and the old woman went away well pleased after tea with her fee. She is now very well, and has her nurse with her who seems a good creature, so that we expect in a short time she will be down again and making her boys winter cloaks, which she was very busy about just before she lay in. Your boys and girls are all very well. Yesterday by the packet I had a long letter from your brother James, who was then at Spaw in Germany and by a vessel from London, your good uncle Staats before he went to Spaw, sent me four pr. of most excellent shoes, and two pr. of boots, one a strong pr the other for day. I find this letter flying; a day or two ago I saw Mr. Upton at New York and he says in a short time he will go up then I will write you a long letter. Give our love to Billy tell him his cattle thrive very well. By Mr. Upton I will write you both and give you all the politick going.” Reverse of second integral page is addressed in Morris’s hand to “Jacob Morris Esquire, to the care of Charles Webster, Printer at Albany, Susquehannah.” In good condition, with a few partial separations to intersecting folds, one fold through a single letter of signature, scattered toning, with heavier toning and foxing to second page and address panel, and scattered edge wear and creasing. Letter is housed in a blue half-morocco and cloth clamshell case. In his 1995 reference History Comes to Life, Kenneth Rendell places Morris’s autograph material into the “rare” category among the Signers. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Robert Morris promissory note, used as evidence in his bankruptcy trial 1606. Robert Morris. DS, signed “Robt Morris,” one page, 7 x 3.75, December 12, 1794.

Financial document reads, in full: “Sixty days after date, I promise to pay unto Mr. Mathias Kurlin Junr or Order Thirteen Hundred & forty six Dolls & Sixty Seven Cents for value recd.” Signed at the conclusion by Morris. Notation on the reverse reads, “Exhibited to us under the commission against Robert Morris, Philadelphia, 15th October 1801,” and signed by John Hollowell and Thomas Cumpston, commissioners appointed to oversee the bankruptcy proceedings after Morris had languished in debtor’s prison for three years. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, a few small areas of ink erosion to text and signature, scattered toning, and mild show-through from notation on reverse. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

A nine year-old Robert Treat Paine signs with his father 1607. Robert Treat Paine.

Manuscript DS, signed “Robert Treat Paine,” one page, 7.5 x 12, June 12, 1740. Document reads, in part: “Know all men by these pls. That we Samuel Hill of Biddeford in ye county of New York & Province of ye Massachusetts Bay in New England Gent. And Humphrey Scammon of Sd. Town & county gent, are holden and justly indebted to Thomas Paine of Boston in ye County of Suffolk merchant in the full & just sum of two thousand pounds in good bills of credit of ye Province above sd. Or current lawfull silver money to be pay’d to him & sd Paine his heirs execrs adms or assign to the which payment well & truly to be made we bind ourselves our heirs and administers joyfully & severally firmly by these . . . sealed with our seals on the eleventh day of June 1740. The condition of this bond is that if the sd Samuel Hill & Humphrey Scammon shall pay to ye sd Thomas Paine one thousand & twelve pounds three shillings & two pence in like good bills of credit or silver money or in a good wood or lumber delivered to Paine at Boston at money Pine at or before the eleventh day of June next which will be A.S. 141 with lawfull interest for the same bond shall be void otherwise it shall remain in full force.” Signed at the conclusion by Paine, and also signed by Samuel Hill, Thos. Allen, and Humphrey Scammon. Reverse bears an endorsement signed by Thomas Paine. In good to very good condition, with professional repairs and reinforcement on reverse of horizontal fold separations, paper loss to edges, intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, show-through from docketing and endorsement on reverse, and scattered toning and soiling. Thomas Paine served as a pastor in a Weymouth church before becoming a mercantile businessman in Boston. This document undoubtedly concerns his business interests. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1608. Robert Morris. Financier of the Revolution,’ and one of only two signers of all three of the founding documents—The Declaration of Independence, The Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. Founder of the Bank of North America. As a member of the Continental Congress it was Morris who loaned $10,000 of his own funds to provision Washington’s Continental army who won the battle of Trenton. Revolutionary war-dated LS signed “Robt Morris,” one page, 7.5 x 9, February 7, 1783. Circular letter, in his capacity as Superintendent of Finance, addressed in the lower left in Morris’s hand, “His Excelly, The President of New Hampshire.” In full: “I do myself the honor to enclose the Copies of certain Acts & Orders of Congress of the twelfth seventeen and eighteenth Instant. I am to entreat that your Excellency will take the earliest Opportunity of submitting them to the Legislature of your State.” Some scattered light soiling and some light mirroring of ink from folding, otherwise fine, clean condition. Accompanied by a nice engraving of Morris. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300) Declaration of Independence Signers 31

Exceptionally scarce letter from one of the rarest Signers, flush with details regarding the event that would ignite the inferno of the revolution: “We have been much alarm’d at a report that the New Yorkers had deserted the cause” 1609. Thomas Nelson, Jr. Signer

of the Declaration of Independence and member of the Virginia Delegation to the Continental Congress (1738–1789). Rare ALS signed “Thos. Nelson, Jr.,” one page both sides, 7.5 x 9, February 18, 1775. Nelson discusses politics in a letter to Col. Landon Carter on the eve of the Revolution, in full: “It gives me pleasure to find that I am not forgot by my friends at a distance, especially by so respectable a one as yourself. We have been much alarm’d at a report that the New Yorkers had deserted the cause, but it is with joy I acquaint you that that report is contradicted & that the Motion that was rejected was the postponing the consideration of the proceedings of the general congress to a future day; but that they immediately took the matter up & highly approved every thing the Delegates had done. Some people are apt to conceive that things are as they would wish them to be. There is as little foundation for the report concerning, that vile Traitor Ruggles, as for the other. It is true he has drawn up a association in opposition to the Continental one but we are told he has not a single signer to it & that he is obliged to seek for he as (?) Fox like to hide himself in, but it is to be hoped, they will make him bolt before it be long & then I think his chance will be but a bad one. A paragraph in a late English paper says that on the day appointed for the House of Commons to take his majesty’s most gracious speech under consideration the Gallery & Lobby were so crowded, that (not by a common Mob, but by a very respectable body of the Peoples among them men of distinction) that they could not proceed to business, redressed sooner than was at first imagined. We have some powerful friends in England; I can not say whether, they are so from principle or from necessity, either will answer our purpose.” Address panel on reverse of second integral page is penned in Nelson’s hand. In good condition, with three horizontal mailing folds, partial separations along one of the folds, a clear separation of the first page from the second integral page with three strips of reparative tape attaching the two, uniform toning, scattered foxing, moderate show-through from writing on the reverse, a few areas of surface loss affecting the text, several cracks to the page, a few areas of ink erosion, two shadows from a wax seal, and a pencil notation. After the proceedings of the First Continental Congress of October 1774 were postponed to May 1775, and with it an answer to the colonies’ grievances, the domino effect that would catapult the colonies into their ultimate fight for freedom would commence. With Pennsylvania and New York seeking resolution with Great Britain, Nelson laments that “We have been much alarm’d at a report that the New Yorkers had deserted the cause.” Alternative motivations were surfacing, and ”that vile Traitor Ruggles” sought to cross over to the other side: “It is true he has drawn up a association in opposition to the Continental one but we are told he has not a single signer to it & that he is obliged to seek for he as (?) Fox like to hide himself in, but it is to be hoped, they will make him bolt before it be long & then I think his chance will be but a bad one.” On November 30th, King George III would deliver his game-changing ‘the die is cast’ speech, condemning the colony of Massachusetts and decrying a state of rebellion as a response to the Suffolk Resolve. Many still retained hope that a resolve could be reached, Nelson included, citing, “A paragraph in a late English paper says that on the day appointed for the House of Commons to take his majesty’s most gracious speech under consideration the Gallery & Lobby were so crowded...that they could not proceed to business, redressed sooner than was at first imagined...We have some powerful friends in England; I can not say whether, they are so from principle or from necessity, either will answer our purpose.” But the colonies would see the swift and fierce hand of the British monarchy in action exactly two months to the date of this letter when, on April 18, the colonies would find themselves thrust into the vicious throes of the revolution. The colonists would soon see the vicious result of challenging the British, and the monarchy would soon see the disastrous results of underestimating a people united for freedom. RRAuction COA.…(MB $1000)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Extremely rare John Penn free frank 1610. John Penn. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from North Carolina (1741– 1788) who also practiced law and served in the Continental Congress. Hand-addressed and free franked address panel, 6.5 x 2.75, no date, (but likely between 1776–1780) addressed by Penn to “His Excellency Richard Caswell Esqr., Governor of the State of North Carolina,” and franked in the lower left, “Free John Penn.” In very good condition, with central vertical fold, repaired paper loss to top right portion of panel, and scattered toning and soiling. Housed in a folio-sized blue half-morocco and cloth clamshell case, with spine gilt. In his 1995 reference History Comes to Life, Kenneth Rendell places Penn’s autograph material into the “very rare” category among the Signers—an echelon second only to that occupied by the virtually unobtainable Gwinnett and Lynch. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200) 1611. George Read. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Delaware (1733–1798). Scarce ADS, signed “G. Read,” one page, 7.5 x 3.5, no date. Document to the Sheriff on New Castle. In part: “The Pltff is a poor wido[w] and the Debt is about to remove out of the state and if he gets away before taken by the above Process she apprehends a loss of the Debt…you can get the Writ by delivering the above Precipe at the Office early in the Morning.” Signed at the conclusion by Read. In very good condition, with three vertical folds, repaired paper loss to lower right corner approaching signature, and uniform toning, a bit heavier to right edge. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Scarce Rodney endorsement with association to the Philadelphia lawyer used in the famous Freedom of Speech trial of Peter Zenger 1612. Caesar Rodney. Handwritten endorsement signed “Caesar

Rodney, Recordr,” dated March 26, 1770, on a manuscript document, four pages on two adjoining sheets, 8 x 12.5, a land deed granting a tract of land in Kent County belonging to Andrew Hamilton and wife Mary to Samuel Chew for £800. The land transaction to which this deed refers was initiated in 1742, after the elder Andrew Hamilton’s death, included land that was adjacent to or perhaps included in Hamilton’s famous plantation “Whitehall.” The document notes that a later assignment of this very land included “…stock of Negroes and cattell corn grain hay and all other the goods chattels and things whatsoever of him the said Andrew Hamilton party hereto which are now upon or belonging to the said Whitehall plantation lands…” Rodney’s endorsement reads, in part, “I do hereby certify that the above and foregoing instrument of writing is to be a true Copy of a Deed from Andw Hamilton and Mary his wife to Samuel Chew,” and signed at the conclusion by Rodney. In good condition, with scattered moderate toning and soiling, mounting remnants along both sides of hinge, some affecting final portion of Rodney’s title, reinforcement and repairs to partial fold separations and paper loss, chips to edges, and scattered dampstaining. The paper seal is worn, but intact. The elder Hamilton built his plantation on his excellent career in defense of John Peter Zenger, newspaper publisher. This 1735 decision established that truth is a defense to an accusation of libel. Hamilton persuaded that the press has “a liberty of both exposing and opposing tyrannical power by speaking and writing truth.” His expertise gave rise to the term ‘Philadelphia Lawyer’ denoting an attorney that was particularly adept and clever. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Declaration of Independence Signers 33

1613. George Ross. Signer of the Declaration of Independence

from Pennsylvania (1730–1779). ADS, signed “G. Ross,” one page both sides, 7.75 x 12.5, 1752. Upper portion is an indenture made between the widow Mary Prater and Anthony Ellmaker, the gentleman with whom her husband had begun a land transaction before he died. The extract indicates that Mary Prater, widow of Anthony Prater, in keeping with his wishes, agrees to sell the said property to Anthony Ellmaker; Prater died before a will could be made out, wherein lies the complication of the case. It seems that Ross was engaged by one of the parties involved to straighten out the situation, which Prater’s heirs were contesting. At the bottom of the first page, extending onto the reverse, Ross writes: “After Anthony Prater died Mary his widow took out letters of admin[istrati] on & afterwards gave a deed of the plantation to Anthony Ellmaker from which the above is extracted; at the takeing out letters of adminon. both the wido. & Anthony Ellmaker inform’d the Deputy Regr. there was no will. You may observe by the above extract that they recite a device by a will but that Anthony Prater died before the execution of it. Now from their own testimony it appears that Anthony Prater died before he made any mention how he would dispose of his estate. And if the will was whole after Prater’s death I am surprised they should not take out letters testamentary & recite in the deed the device of Anthony Prater to his wife for without Mary had a will Anthony can take nothing by the deed (except her 3d). The deed was drawn in Mr. Cookson’s office & I make no doubt Mr. Cookson enquired particularly in the title before the deed was drawn as it was so extraordinary a one, but I suppose Ellmaker was content to take a deed of any sort from the wido. thinking none of Anthony Prater’s heirs would ever lay claim. This will was never mentioned till about 6 months since.” Reinforced partial separations on reverse of intersecting storage folds, uniform toning, with scattered heavier spots, a bit of light soiling and foxing, a couple edge chips, and light show-through from writing on reverse, otherwise very good condition. Document is housed in a blue half-morocco and cloth clamshell case. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The prolific Connecticut Signer prepares a document for a land sale for his brother-in-law, James Prescott 1614. Roger Sherman. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from

Connecticut (1721–1793) who was also the only man to also sign the Articles of Association, the Articles of Confederation, and the US Constitution. Partlyprinted ADS, signed in the text “Roger Sherman,” one page, 7.5 x 8.5, October 17, 1791. Land sale document reads, in part: “To all people to whom these presents shall come Greetings. Know ye, That I James Prescot of the City and County of New Haven in the State of Connecticut for and in consideration that Roger Sherman of said City of New Haven Esquire and Rebekah his wife have by their deed of Sale conveyed to me all the Said Rebekah’s right in the real Estate of her father Benjamin Prescot deceased. Do give, grant, Bargain, Sell and confirm unto the Said Rebekah Sherman her heirs and assigns a tract of land Situate in New Salem in the County of Hamshire in the State of Massachusetts, being lot, number Seventy four, in the third division called a one hundred acre lot, which did belong to Benjamin Prescot Esquire late of Danvers in Essex County deceased.” Signed at the conclusion by James Prescott, and witnessed by Christian Lanson and Henry Daggett. At the bottom Sherman also writes: “State of Connecticut, New Haven County October 17th 1791 Personally appeared James Prescot who Signed & Sealed the foregoing Instrument and Acknowledged the Same to be his free act and Deed before me.” Signed at the conclusion by Henry Daggett. In very good condition, with a couple partial separations along horizontal folds, a few small brushes to text, show-through from docketing on reverse, mild toning, with a heavier circle from red wax seal, and a few edge chips. All of Sherman’s writing remains crisp and bold. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Rutledge lays to rest an unsettling debt owed by General ‘Mad’ Anthony Wayne involving a “Sale of 33 Negroes from Genl. Wayne to E. Penman” 1615. Edward Rutledge.

Signer of the Declaration of Independence from South Carolina (1749–1800). ADS, signed four times “Ed: Rutledge,” three pages on two sheets, 8 x 13, April 16, 1791. Discharge of debt owed to the estate of one James Penman and his heirs by Revolutionary War hero General ‘Mad’ Anthony Wayne. The first page, in the hand of James’ son Edward Penman, is a list of “Papers deposited by Edwd. Penman with Edwd. Rutledge Esq.” itemizing debts owed Penman by Wayne including a Bill of Exchange dated 28 Sept. 1785 in the amount of £1,000 drawn by Willem & Jan Willink of Amsterdam [Dutch merchants to whom Wayne had mortgaged his Pennsylvania property to gain funds for his Georgia enterprise] and payable to Penman; also “a Bill of Sale of 33 Negroes from Genl. Wayne to E. Penman”, a “Lease and release from Genl. Wayne to E. Penman of Richmond & Kew” [the names of Wayne’s two rice plantations] and a “Warrant of Atty. by E. Penman to Wm. Lewis Esqr. [Wayne’s attorney] of Phila. to enter satisfaction” [on the Pennsylvania judgment]. This list is signed by Rutledge in the lower right corner. The reverse of the first page is entirely in Rutledge’s hand and is Penman’s release of Wayne’d debt. Rutledge writes, in part: “To all to whom these Presnt shall come be seen or made known I Edward Penman…Anthony Wayne Esquire…indebted to the Estate of James Penman…in the sum of Five Thousand and Eighty Seven Pounds Eighteen Shillings…and whereas I have…received full satisfaction…I the said Edward Penman by virtue of the power in me vested has…by these Present, Do remise, release & forever discharge the said Anthony Wayne of & from the payment of the said monies.” The release is signed at the top of the third page by Penman and as witnesses by Rutledge and by Richard Wayne, Junr., a cousin who was apparently representing the General. Written below are two endorsements by Rutledge. The first one reads, “This release is left with me to be delivered to Genl. Wayne, when, and not before, he shall be entitled to receive the Bond & Bill within mentioned. Ed. Rutledge.” Second reads, “The General has become entitled to the Papers & Deliver them accordingly, E. Rutledge.” Under Rutledge’s second endorsement is a notorizing endorsement of Penman’s signature, presumably at the insistence of Wayne’s heirs.Rutledge has also docketed the reverse of the second page, “Jm. Penman to General Wayne.” Both pages are removably encapsulated in Mylar. In very good condition, with some archival tape repairs to partial separations along horizontal folds, one affecting Rutledge’s witnessing signature, scattered toning and soiling, a couple small pencil notations, and a couple small repaired tears. This document represents the eventual resolution of the debt belonging to Revolutionary War hero, General ‘Mad’ Anthony Wayne, to renowned Charleston slaver broker, Edward Penman. Having been gifted two rice plantations from the state of Georgia in 1782, Wayne procured slaves from Penman to tend his fields. In doing so, he incurred a debt that, after a series of misfortunes, would ultimately cost him both of the plantations and his slaves, resulting in “a Bill of Sale of 33 Negroes from Genl. Wayne to E. Penman” and a “Lease and release from Genl. Wayne to E. Penman of Richmond & Kew” [the names of Wayne’s two rice plantations]. Rutledge held particular sway with his pro-slavery views, a perspective he shared with other Southern politicians during the early Republic. His failed efforts to bar African Americans from entering the Continental Army and to expel those who had already succeeded in enlisting were the prime factors in the removal of any mention of slavery from the Declaration of Independence. However, his influence was still strong, and played a major role in the ultimate division of the nation and the Civil War. An exemplary and highly desirable document connecting an influential Signer and a key Revolutionary War figure. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $500)

Declaration of Independence Signers 35

Sherman and Wolcott sign for their Assembly pay 1616. Roger Sherman and Oliver Wolcott. Manuscript DS, one page, 8 x 13, November 1771. Document headed “A Debenter of the House of Assistants October Sessions,” listing monies paid to twelve members of the House of Assistants of the Connecticut General Assembly, signed by Sherman and Wolcott in receipt of their pay. In addition to Sherman and Wolcott, it is signed by representatives William Pitkin, Robert Walker, Abraham Davenport, William Samuel Johnson, and Joseph Spencer. The remaining members are noted as having been “paid by receipt.” Reverse is docketed and signed by Joseph Trumbull, deputy to the Assembly. For his time in the House of Assistants (later the Connecticut Senate), Sherman was paid £6/18/0; Wolcott, £5/15/4. Document has been professionally backed. In very good condition, with mild toning along horizontal folds, a few small pencil notations, a few small repaired tears, and light soiling. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/ DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

A Pennsylvania Signer and his wife deed to her brother land conveyed to her by her mother, Annis Stockton, “in Consideration of the natural Love and Affectation which she beareth unto and for her said Daughter” 1617. Benjamin Rush. Signer of the Declaration of Independence; a physician and surgeon

general of the Continental Army, he established the first free dispensary in the US. Manuscript vellum DS, signed twice “Benj:n Rush,” one page, 28 x 16, March 10, 1793. Scalloped-top indenture agreement between “Benjamin Rush Doctor of Physick of the City of Philadelphia In the State of Pennsylvania and Julia his Wife of the one Part and Richard Stockton Esquire Attorney and Counsellor at Law of the western Precinct of the County of Somerset in the State of New Jersey of the other Part Witnesseth that whereas Richard Stockton Esquire, late of the Precinct, County and State last aforesaid father of the said Richard Stockton the grantee in this present Indenture, was in his life Time, seized in his Demesne as of fee, of and in a certain Tract or Parcel of Land with the Appurtenances known by the name of Mount Lucas…and being so seized the said Richard Stockton Esquire by his last Will and Testament executed in due Form of Law and bearing Date on the twentieth day of May in the year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and eighty devised the said Tract of Land and Premises, with the Appurtenances to his Wife Annis Stockton for and during the Term of her Widowhood and from and after the Determination of that Estate to his Daughter the said Julia the Wife of the said Benjamin Rush to her, her heirs and assigns forever…” By this deed, Benjamin and Julia Rush “in Consideration of the Sum of Ninety pounds…in Gold and Silver,” sells part of Mount Lucas to Julia’s brother, Richard Stockton. Signed twice at the conclusion by Rush and also signed by Julia Rush. Also included is Annis Stockton’s signed deed transferring the land to her daughter a month earlier, one page 22 x 12, February 13, 1793. In part: “This Indenture…Between Annis Stockton of the of the [sic] Western Precinct of the County of Somerset in the State of New Jersey of the one Part and Benjamin Rush of the City of Philadelphia in the State of Pennsylvania and Julia his Wife of the other Part. Witnesseth that, whereas Richard Stockton Esquire late of the said western Precinct of the County of Somerset in the State of New Jersey, was, in his life Time, seized in his Demesne as of fee, of and in a certain a Tract of Land, or Plantation with the Appurtenances, known by the Name of Mount Lucas, situate, lying and being in the Precinct County and State last aforesaid containing Two hundred and Twenty Seven and a half Acres… Now the said Annis Stockton for and in Consideration of the natural Love and Affectation which she beareth unto and for her said Daughter the said Julia Rush, and for and in Consideration of the Sum of five Shillings to her in hand paid by the said Benjamin Rush and Julia his Wife… doth grant, bargain sell alien, release, surrender, enscoff [sic] and confirm …the said Tract of Land.” Heavy intersecting folds, one through first letter of one of Rush’s signatures, scattered toning and wrinkling, rodent damage to left edge, and some light soiling, otherwise very good condition. The two seals are intact. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Declaration of Independence Signers

One of only two known letters by the rare Pennsylvania Signer to come to auction

1618. George Taylor. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Pennsylvania (circa 1716–1781). As a late replacement for a delegate who refused to support independence, Taylor missed the vote but signed the formal Declaration on August 2, 1776. Exceedingly rare, war-dated ALS signed “Geo. Taylor,” one page, 6.5 x 8, November 18, 1780. Taylor writes to rector Richard Backhouse of St. David’s Episcopal Church, in full: “I have just rec’d yrs and am glad to hear you have got the Furnace in Blast again. I hope you will be able to fullfill the contract you have made. One of the plates you have sent up is what I call a fork’d plate & the one I wanted is the notched plate next the Bottom plate which rests on the open side plates for a small stove. I have returned the other & when opportunity serves you will please send it. There is not a Hogshead…to be got in Town but have sent a parcel of Right Barrells which I got from Col. Hooper & which will answer the purpose as well. If you could spare me a side of good Beef it would oblige me. I have but two Cattle & not large which is not enough for me. Col. Hooper sends his complement & proposes calling on you tomorrow on his way home,” adding the postscript, “I Rec’d the money & shall pay Mr. Trail & shall be glad [if] you would send the rest when you get it.” Address panel on reverse is penned in Taylor’s hand, with Blackhouse making a received note. Light intersecting folds, some light soiling, with two pronounced areas of soiling, one at the left edge and one at the top right corner, and rough edges, otherwise fine condition.

Taylor served one of the shortest terms of the delegates to the Continental Congress, but he was distinct among his colleagues. He was one of only eight signers of the Declaration of Independence to have been foreign born and the only one to have been an indentured servant, making him perhaps the delegate with the greatest appreciation for freedom and independence and putting him in extreme contrast with the wealthy landowners who also signed. Taylor immigrated from Ireland in 1736, earning his way through an agreement with an ironmaster, Samuel Savage, Jr., at Warwick Furnance and Coventry Forge. After Savage died, Taylor married his widow and oversaw both ironworks. He would eventually form a partnership with Durham Furnace, and in 1775, struck a deal with Pennsylvania’s Committee of Safety, becoming the first ironworks to provide cannon shot to the Continental Army. Taylor was the only ironmaster to sign the Declaration and worked his trade all his life as demonstrated in this letter, still conducting business during the short period of failing health just before his death in 1781…making him one of the earliest signers to pass. Examples of Taylor’s signature are extremely scarce and this is only the second know letter to come up for auction. This rarity is pictured on page 148 of Hamilton’s American Autographs Vol 1. A remarkable letter, of insurmountable desirability. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.… (MB $10000)

Declaration of Independence Signers 37

Legal document penned entirely in Smith’s hand just months before he would immortalize his signature on the Declaration of Independence 1619. James Smith. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Pennsylvania (1719–1806).

ADS signed “Smith Esquer,” one page, 8 x 13, February 10, 1776. Legal document regarding a debt owed: “William Gibson, late of Lancaster County Yeoman was attached to answer John Alexander of a Plea of Trespass…and Whereupon the said John complains that…William…was indebted unto him the said John in the sum of one hundred pounds lawfull money of Pennsylvania, for so much money had and received by him the said William, before that time to the use of him the said John, and so thereof being indebted…to pay or content hath altogether refused the Damage of the said John one hundred & fifty pounds & thereof he brings suit.” In very good condition, with intersecting folds, one passing through a single letter of the signature, scattered toning, rough edges, and a faint pencil notation. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1620. George Walton. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Georgia (1741–1804)

who later served as that state’s chief justice, governor, and senator. Manuscript DS, signed “Geo Walton,” one page, 8 x 12.5, December 14, 1785. Legal petition to Walton who was then serving as the Chief Justice of the Georgia Supreme Court. In part: “Thomas Wylly, John Tubly, and Samual Langley of the state aforesaid…acknowledged themselves to be held and firmly bound unto your Petitioners in the sum of one thousand Pounds sterling Money…. The said bill of exchange was not paid…but the same to pay hath and still doth refuse to the damage of your Petitioner fifty Pounds…wherefore your Petitioner prays process may issue requiring the said Thomas Wylly, John Tubly and Samuel Langley personally, or by their Attorney to be and appear before Justices of the Supreme Court.” Signed in the lower left by Walton. In very good condition, with professional repair to a complete bisecting horizontal separation, light edge chips, uniform light toning, and some mild mirroring of ink. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/ DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Endorsed petition for foreclosure on property and slaves 1621. George Walton. Handwritten endorsement, “Let usual Rule

issue, Geo Walton,” at the conclusion of a manuscript document, three pages on two adjoining sheets, 7.25 x 12, February 7, 1791. Document headed “The Petition of Levi Sheftall,” reads, in part: “all that Island situate and being in the County of Richmond at the mouth of Rocky Creek on the river Savannah…one hundred and ninety five acres…known by the name of Robert Walton’s Island; And also all the negro Slaves…Abram Monday Sam (a boy) Cambridge Peter Will Charles George Philis Flora Fanny Syrus Jacob Golah Jacob Sam Cato Lilly Abba Catrina and Betty together with the future issue and encrease of all the female Slaves.’ And whereas the time is long since elapsed within which the money herein before mentioned was to have been paid by the said Robert Walton unto your petitioner and on failure the land and negroes above described became and declared by the deed or Mortgage aforesaid to be the absolute property of your petitioner.” Signed at the conclusion by the petitioner for the plaintiff, and endorsed by Walton. Document has been professionally silked on the first page of the letter and reverse of second page. Overall moderate toning, with a heavier circular area of toning to second page from seal, small repairs to paper loss along hinge, light wrinkling, and show-through from docketing on reverse of last page, otherwise very good condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Declaration of Independence Signers

Connecticut Signer’s 1776 handwritten document “for guns or Fire Arms… procured for ye use of ye colony” 1622. William Williams. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Connecticut (1731–1811). ADS, signed in the text “Wm. Williams,” one page, 7.75 x 6, 1776. Document written by Williams reads, in part: “Dr. Wm Williams in acct. for guns or Fire Arms by him procured for ye use of ye colony. To 161 guns or Fire Arms procured as approved as . . . ordered.” In very good condition, with partial separations and paper loss along a horizontal fold, scattered toning, foxing, and creasing, and light show-through from docketing on reverse. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Reimbursement for attending Continental Congress 1623. William Williams. Revolutionary War-dated manuscript DS, signed “Wm. Williams,” one page, 7 x 5.25, May 28, 1777. Receipt for £100, paid to Williams by Connecticut to defray his expenses for attending the Continental Congress. Document reads, “Recd of Comte. of pay Table this order on Treasurer for One hundred pounds Lawful Money toward defraying Expenses to Congress &c to Render Acct. &c.” Document is docketed on the reverse, “Colo Wm. Williams / Rect. for £100 to defray Exps to Congress &c dated 29th May,” in an unknown hand. Document has been professionally inlaid to a slightly larger sheet. In fine condition, with light folds, and mild show-through from docketing on reverse. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Wilson faces a legal impasse: “The Arrangements in the Court of Appeals render it impossible for us to be of any Service to our Clients”

1624. James Wilson. Signer of the Declaration of Independence from Pennsylvania

(1742–1798). In 1789, he became one of the original nine justices appointed by Washington to the Supreme Court. War-dated ALS, one page, 8 x 13, May 6, 1783. Wilson writes to fellow Philadelphia lawyer, Edward Burd, in full: “We proposed to have attended at Chester at least during some Part of the Sessions: But the Arrangements in the Court of Appeals render it impossible for us to be of any Service to our Clients. Will you be good enough to mention this to the Judges, and to the Attorney General, that no Causes which can possibly be postponed may be tried in our Absence? You will also, as you may have opportunity, mention to our Clients the Reason of our Absence.” Address panel on reverse is penned in Wilson’s hand. Letter affixed to a slightly larger cardstock sheet by its left edge of the second page. In very good condition, with lightly intersecting folds, uniform toning, light spotting, a few spots of mild soiling affecting the text, rough edges, a light pencil notation, and a mild spot of residue from the wax seal on the reverse of the second integral page. During this time, Wilson was serving as the Advocate General for France in America; in January of the same year, he took his seat as a delegate to the General Congress, all the while, enjoying a reputation as one of the most celebrated lawyers in Philadelphia. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Declaration of Independence Signers 39

presidents

Fearful that the war would continue, Washington takes extra precautions: “In future, Flags of truce properly authenticated and conducted are to be received at the New Bridge on the Croton” 1625. George Washington. War-

dated LS signed “Go: Washington,” one page, 8.5 x 13, January 1, 1782. Letter, in the hand of aide David Humphreys and inadvertently dated 1782, written to Col. Joseph Vose, reads, in full: “I approve of your conduct respecting the Flag. Messrs Lewis and Nicholson are to be permitted to proceed on their Journey, but Mr Kinloch will be under the necessity of returning back as I have informed him. Mr. Mott, who was detained some days ago may also return. In future, Flags of truce properly authenticated and conducted are to be received at the New Bridge on the Croton until further directions. Other Instructions will be given in a few days on this subject to the Officer commanding on the Lines.” The brief postscript reads, “You will please to send a safe guard back with Mr Kinloch if he chooses it.” Double matted and framed with an engraved portrait of Washington and a small informational plaque, to an overall size of 21.5 x 20. In very good condition, with intersecting folds (with a couple small associated tears), a couple lightly passing through single letters of signature, letter has apparently been backed, scattered soiling and toning and two small stains to blank areas. Even in the wake of Cornwallis’ surrender at Yorktown, General Washington wasn’t convinced that the war was over. He led his troops north to better patrol the British who still remained in New York. Of course, surrender meant negotiations, details, and tying up loose ends, all of which negated the passage of various parties to and from the lines. In an effort to regulate this activity, Washington established Flags of Truce between the lines at Dobbs Ferry. At the same time, Congress declared that anyone coming through British lines would not be allowed to enter the US without special permission, a decree Washington felt bound by. The men General Washington mentions were all subject to scrutiny upon passage at this crossing point, especially Mr. Kinlock, who can be identified as Cleland Kinloch, a loyalist who was most likely seeking passage back to his rice plantation at Weehaw, South Carolina. Washington promptly denied his request, ”Mr Kinloch will be under the necessity of returning back as I have informed him,” referencing Congress’ decree. Two other men, “Messrs Lewis and Nicholson,” were “permitted to proceed on their Journey.” These men can likely be identified as American officials traveling to New York City to discuss prisoner issues with General Carleton; Lewis, perhaps Francis Lewis, Jr., son of a Declaration signer of the same name and New York politician, and Nicholson, possibly the New York assemblyman. The Mr. Mott who is referenced is most likely of the loyalist Mott family who sought refuge in Canada after the British surrender. This letter was actually written on the first of the year, 1783, as cited in The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources, Volume 26. Accidentally penned by Washington’s aide-de-camp, David Humphreys, the very man with whom the general appointed the delivery of the surrendered British colors and the battle report to Congress after the surrender at Yorktown, the correct date is supported by a select number of letters referencing the same names and written on the same day, January 1, 1783. One such letter, which appears in the same Volume 26, Washington writes to General Carleton: “I have the honour to inform your Excellency, that whenever it is found more convenient for your flags to proceed by land, they will be received by the Officer Commanding at the New Bridge on the Croton.” Similar verbiage is found in this letter, in which Washington instructs that the “Flags of truce properly authenticated and conducted are to be received at the New Bridge on the Croton until further direction. Other Instructions will be given in a few days on this subject to the Officer commanding on the Lines.” Washington would switch it back to Dobbs Ferry in the spring of 1783, where he would meet with General Carleton to discuss the details of the British evacuation. An immensely-desirable piece illustrating Washington’s watchful post-war skepticism, and his unrelenting obedience to Congress. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $1000)

Presidents

Highly desirable document concerning the construction of Federal City signed by Washington and featuring a strip of the president’s cloak and strands of his hair

1626. George Washington. Beautiful and highly desirable ALS signed “Go: Washington,” one page, 8 x 8.75, September 11, 1799. Letter to William Thornton Esquire. In full: “The 20th of this month when Mr. Blagden would require an advance of a thousand dollars -being near at hand- and Mr. Peter affording a good and safe opportunity to remit it, I enclose for this purpose, a check on the Bank of Alexandria to that amount. Mr. Peter informs me that his brother _______ has ironmongry of a good quality which he wants to dispose of, and would sell cheap. I pray you therefore to inform Mr. Blagden of this circumstance, request him to examine it, and if of the kind & quality he requires it to be had on good terms to supply himself therefrom and at the hand of the invoice to draw upon me for the amount, which shall be immediately paid. With great esteem and regard, I am Dear Sir Your Most Obed. ‘Serv.’” In fine, clean condition, with intersecting mailing folds, one passing through a single letter of signature, well-done professional repair to paper loss along left edge, and a uniform shade of light toning. Accompanied by three-inch long strip of burgundy velvet from Washington’s cloak, originally acquired as part of a larger swatch offered at the February 5, 2010, auction of the Tobias Lear family; and several strands of Washington’s hair, simply matted and affixed to an 8.5 x 11 photocopied presentation sheet with an image of Washington and bearing a printed signature of Charles Hamilton stating that the hair was probably first owned by Martha Washington’s granddaughter. When Washington signed the 1790 Congressional Act establishing the District of Columbia to mark the birth of the Federal City, Washington, DC, it touched off a spurt of land speculation from which the president also hoped to realize a profit. He placed Dr. William Thornton, the architect of the US Capitol, to oversee the construction of the Federal City but in the late 1790s, the project fell into financial debt and the venture ended in bankruptcy. Despite the new city’s reputation as a bad investment, local landowners convinced Washington that investing in the construction of rental housing for Congressional members could be profitable. The general provided substantial financing to fund the project and again turned to Thornton who supervised the work of George Blagden, the leading building contractor for Federal City. The doctor also enlisted the help of Thomas Peter, husband of Martha Washington’s granddaughter Martha Park Custis. Washington himself purchased several lots including lot #4, and in square 642 between B and C streets where he built residences. It’s not known whether or not Washington recovered his investment. His concern had turned from a personal investment to seeing the entire project through and by 1799 the city was ready to serve as the seat of government, but Washington died before its inauguration in 1800. A highly desirable Washington letter concerning the building of Federal City. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $1500)

Presidents 41

As president of the Potowmack Navigation Company, Washington approves expenditures for 1785 improvements to navigation along the Potomac River

1627. George Washington. Manuscript DS, signed “Go: Washington,” one page, 8 x 3, August 1, 1785. Financial document reads, in part: “£6:0:0…This was deducted by the Treasurer of Virg from the State Dividend of £500…Geo: Town 1st Aug 1785. The above acct allowed.” Signed at the conclusion by Washington, and also signed by George Gilpin, John Fitzgerald, and two others. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, with one vertical fold through a single letter of signature, scattered toning and soiling, and two rough edges.

After the Revolutionary War ended, Washington retired to Mount Vernon briefly before making an exploratory trip to the western frontier in 1784 to investigate the possibility of inland navigation. Together with surveyor George Gilpin, Colonel John Fitzgerald, Virginia governor Lee, and Maryland governor Johnston, they organized the Potowmack Navigation Company with the mission of connecting the East Coast with the Northwest. Washington was named president and the other four became directors. On August 1, 1785, the fledgling business held its annual board meeting in Georgetown. After reviewing the accounts and approving the books, the board instructed the treasurer to pay the bills and set up a £50 contingency fund in Virginia currency with the project’s principal manager, John Rumsey. The primary concern of the officers was the disbursement of monies and they established a simple, but rigid system of accountability. After the meeting adjourned, the board traveled to Shenandoah Falls to examine the obstacles the falls presented and concluded that no lock was needed, merely a clearance of rocks. Two days later, Washington wrote Rumsey to proceed with the project to make improvements along the Potomac. After building five skirting canals around various falls, the immense undertaking failed due to floods, an uncertain economy, and lack of financial backing. Despite missing its lofty goal, the company’s crowning achievement was the construction of the Potowmack Canal, a major engineering feat and one that extended shipping past Great Falls through the previously unnavigable Mather Gorge. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $900)

Crisply-penned rare full Washington signature

1628. George Washington. Uncommon full ink signature, “George

Washington,” on an off-white 3.25 x .25 irregularly clipped slip, taken from a larger document. Nicely cloth matted and framed with a color portrait and a name plaque to an overall size of 14 x 19.5. In fine condition, with some light show-through from writing on reverse. Complete Washington signatures are seldom seen. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $500)

Presidents

Beautifully and cleanly signed Washington appointment of a Surgeon’s Mate

1629. George Washington. Partly-printed vellum DS as

president, signed “Go: Washington,” one page, 15.25 x 18.5, December 26, 1794. Document reads, in part, “To all who shall see these Presents Greeting: Know Ye, That reposing special Trust and Confidence in the Patriotism, Valour, Fidelity, and Abilities of Francis G. Brewster I have nominated and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, do appoint him Surgeon’s Mate in the Corps of Artillerists and Engineers in the Service of the United States to take Rank from the second day of June one thousand seven hundred ninety four.” Signed at the conclusion by Washington, and countersigned by “H[enry] Knox, Sec[retar]y of War.” Intersecting folds, moderate overall rippling and creasing, a mild overall shade of toning, three stains along central horizontal fold (with a few small spots of accompanying paper loss), and a bit of scattered light foxing, otherwise very good condition. The white paper seal is evenly toned and mostly intact. Washington’s signature is unaffected, bold, and prominent. In exchange for his duties as surgeon’s mate, Brewster and other men like him earned a total monthly salary of $36 and two rations. Two years following this appointment, the government reorganized the army, in the process increasing the need for surgeon’s mates as regiments were required to have two individuals in that position. One cannot understate the extreme scarcity and remarkable beauty of this document, a level above others of its kind, with a fabulous endorsement cleanly executed with care and precision. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RRAuction COA.…(MB $1000)

1630. George Washington. Three words written in the hand of George Washington on a 2 x .25 slip clipped from a larger document. Washington writes: “pay any Rent.” Double suedematted with a copy of the original page, a presidential portrait, and small plaque then framed to an overall size of 20 x 16. In fine condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200) Presidents 43

Lock of hair from America’s first president 1631. George Washington. A generous lock of Washington’s hair, encapsulated in plastic and affixed to a photocopied authentication by Charles Hamilton stating that the hair was probably first owned by Martha Washington’s granddaughter. In fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $300)

1632. George Washington. Book

titled “Annual Register for the Year 1783,” leatherbound hardcover, 5.5 x 8.5, printed for J. Dodsley, London, 1785, 223 pages. Includes “Gen. Washington’s Farewell Orders to the Armies of the United States,” lengthy “Circular Letter” from Gen. Washington in which he cites and expounds upon four things he conceives” as essential to the well being…to the existence of the United States, as an independent power,” “Offer of Independence to the American Colonies,” and “Address of Officers to Gen. Washington.” In fair condition, with extremely fragile spine, front cover and opening pages separated, peeling spine, and toning and chipping to inside pages. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1633. George Washington. Book, entitled “The New Annual Register or General Repository of History, Politics, and Literature for the year 1782.” Hardcover, 5.75 x 9.25, printed for G. Robinson, London, 1783, 256 pages. Summary of the year’s events include correspondences of General George Washington with Sir Henry Clinton, General Robertson, Sir Guy Carlton, and the Congress: “Notice given to General Washington…of the Negotiations for a general Peace, and of his Majesty’s Intention to acknowledge the Independency of the Thirteen Provinces,” “Provisional Articles of Peace signed at Paris, by the British and American Commissioners…,” “Ill Success of the British Arms in America,” exchanging American prisoners, and much more regarding the American conflict. In fair condition, with detached front cover and opening pages, fragile and partially separated spine, toning and chips to inside pages, owner’s bookplate to front pastedown, previous owner signatures’ on first free end page, repaired spine, and some loose pages. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1634. George and Martha Washington. Two color portrait

paintings (evidently painted over carte-de-visite images), 2.5 x 4, one featuring a likeness of George Washington, and the other of Martha. George’s portrait bears the title, “Ambrose Jackson, Artist, N. Y.” on the reverse, along with a small Mitchell & Seixas clipping affixed above the name. In fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Presidents

With the president off to quell the Whiskey Rebellion, Martha Washington, in an extremely rare letter, writes to niece Fanny concerning her engagement to Tobias Lear 1635. Martha Washington. ALS

as First Lady signed “M. Washington,” one page both sides, 10.25 x 9, October 18, 1794. Martha writes to her niece, Frances ‘Fanny’ Bassett, regarding her marriage to Tobias Lear, in full: “I had the pleasure to receive your kind favor some time in the last week. And I had put your letter away so secure as to not be able to find it today. I am very glad to hear you are tolarable well yourself and your children better, your happiness my dear Fanny is I assure you very dear to the President and myself, I have no doubt but you have considered well what you are about to undertake-and I hope that the same providence that has heather to taken care of you will still be your gardien angel and protect and derect you in all your undertakings, you have my fervent prayers for your happyness. Mrs. Izard, a ladie of my acquaintance since I have been hear is setting out on a journey to the seat in Charlestown South Carolina-Mr. Izard has been in congress ever since the president has-after serving his six years he means to retire and his family goes on this fall, they will come to Alexandria and wish much to visit Mount Vernon if it is not very inconvenient to you. I shall be much obliged to you to goe [sic] down to Mount Vernon with Mrs. Izard and her family as they would be glad to rest their [sic] a day it would be well to let Mr. Pearce know it. The ladies intend to set out on Wednesday next. Thair [sic] present intention is go to Lancaster and either York town-and come from thence to the Federal City. I would wish you to be very kind to them-and put a supply of good bread or any thing else they may want. I shall give Mrs. Izard a letter for you which she will send to you as soon as she gets to Alexandria. Mrs. Mannegot is her daughter and will I expect go all together to Mount Vernon. I will when I write next week give you all the information I can as to the time they expect to get to Georgetown. Mr. Lear is very well acquainted with the Ladys and Gentleman. If he will be so good as to let you know when they arrive at the City and go down with them it would be the more agreeable to them as he would be able to walk about with them. I have not heard of the President since he left Carlisle.” Some scattered faint soiling, a few small pieces of reparative tape along old splits, a few small areas of repaired paper loss, and moderate show-through from writing on opposing sides, otherwise fine, clean condition. Fanny Bassett Washington was Martha’s favorite niece and the widow of George Augustine Washington, the eldest son of the president’s brother Charles. At the time of this 1794 letter, Fanny was contemplating marrying Tobias Lear, the president’s close friend and longtime personal secretary. During her short lifetime, Fanny lived on Walnut Tree Farm, a plantation she and her late husband had established, and there she helped manage affairs at Mount Vernon in her aunt’s absence. Writing from Philadelphia, Martha asked her niece to host a visit by South Carolina Senator Ralph Izard, his wife, his daughter Mrs. Alice De Lancey Izard, and Margaret Izard Manigault who traveled to Mount Vernon from Philadelphia. Izard, a former Continental Congressman, was preparing to retire from the Senate and return home. The First Lady requested that Fanny inform the plantation manager, William Pearce, and suggested Lear accompany the ladies on their proposed tour of “Federal City,” the nation’s future capital currently under construction. Martha closed the letter by noting that she has “not heard from the President since he left Carlisle.” Washington was on the march in Pennsylvania to quell the so-called Whiskey Rebellion. In the summer of 1794, unrest over a 1791 federal excise tax on whiskey flared into open conflict in Pennsylvania. Invoking the militia Act of 1792, the president issued a proclamation on August 7, ordering the rebels to disperse peaceably and return home. When negotiations failed, he left Philadelphia on September 30 to join federal troops then marched with militiamen to Bedford after preparing his commanding officers to subdue the rebellion. An exceedingly rare letter with rich personal, political and social content. Martha Washington is seldom found in any form: in almost 30 years we have offered just two signatures and one other letter. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $1000)

Presidents 45

One of just a few surviving letters in private hands between Secretary of State Jefferson and President Washington 1636. Thomas Jefferson.

Ultra rare third person ALS, one page, written on the lower half of a 7.75 x 10 sheet, February 17, 1791. Jefferson writes to President George Washington. In full: “The Secretary of state has the honor to send to the President three copies of a report & message relative to Kaskaskia, Kahokia & Prairie, to wit, one for each house, & one to be retained by the President. He sends also the original report which contains some things worth the President’s reading, tho not mentioned in the report. The passages reported on are marked with a pencil.” Uniform block of mild toning over text, a partial separation along central horizontal mailing fold, with some of the fold reinforced by archival tape, some light pencil remnants to blank portion above text, a few small edge tears and chips, and a few adhesive remnants to top edges, otherwise fine condition. Accompanied by a 1978 letter of certification from noted dealer Charles Hamilton, which reads, “I certify that I have examined the 8-line document dated Feb. 17, 1791, beginning ‘The Secretary of State has the honor…’ and find it to be an authentic, handwritten letter of Thomas Jefferson addressed to ‘the President’ [George Washington].” At the time of receiving this letter, Washington was contending with the ongoing Northwest Indian Wars, a result of efforts to expand American settlements northwest of the Ohio. The Kaskaskia and Cahokia tribes were members of the Illinois Confederation and were eponyms for villages in the area, and ‘Prairie’ may refer to the settlement of Prairie du Rocher nearby. These villages would serve as supply centers for succeeding French, British and American forces, which at this time was headed by General Josiah Harmar, who would suffer a major defeat and be courtmartialed in 1791. These wars were essentially ended with General ‘Mad Anthony’ Wayne’s victory at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794. The war would be put to an end after the signing of the Treaty of Greenville in 1795. Any correspondence between Jefferson and Washington during his administration is extremely rare. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $500)

Presidents

The United States’ third and fourth presidents issue a ship’s pass for the heavily-laden Canton 1637. Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. President Jef-

ferson and Secretary Madison issue a ship’s pass for the heavily-laden Canton. Partly-printed DS, signed “Th: Jefferson” as President and “James Madison” as Secretary of State, one page, 19.75 x 16.25, May 21, 1807. Four language ship’s papers issued to Henry Latham “master and commander of the Brig called the Canton…Lying at present at the port of New York bound for Marseilles and laden with Sugar - Wine - Coffee - Ginger - Pimento - Indigo - Beeswax - Nankins - tobacco - and Logwood.” Crisply signed by Jefferson and Madison. Matted and framed to an overall size of 25.5 x 22. Document appears to have had some professional restoration and cleaning done to it, and also appears to be mounted to a board or mat. Aforementioned cleaning, mounting and restoration, intersecting folds, and a bit of mild soiling, mainly to folds, otherwise fine condition. Both paper seals are worn, but intact. A very presentable example of a most desirable combination of presidents. Oversized. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RRAuction COA.…(MB $900)

Presidents 47

Archive of James Madison family items presenting a view of Colonial Virginia and Madison’s Kentucky lands

1638. James Madison. An indenture dated Nov. 12, 1804 written by James Madison, Jr’s niece and ward, Nelly Conway Madison. The indenture is between Nelly Conway Madison of the county of Orange and James Madison, Ambrose Madison for “various tracts or parcels of land in the state of Kentucky in which they were equally interested but the titles to which were obtained in the name of the said Ambrose Madison or of some other person than of the said James Madison and no partition of the same hath ever been made either in the life time of the said Ambrose Madison or since his death nor hath any conveyance . . . thereof been ever made to the said James Madison-now this Indenture witnesseth that the said Nelly Conway Madison for an consideration of the premises and of the sum of five shillings to her in hand paid by the said James Madison the receipt whereof she doth hereby acknowledge hath granted bargained sold and transferred and by where presents doth grant bargain sell and transfer to the said James Madison and his heirs one undivided . . . of all the lands descended to her in the State of Kentucky from her said father Ambrose Madison deceased whether the same stands in the name of her said father . . . The said James Madison his heirs or assigns that she will make any other or further assurance which may be necessary to next move completely in the said James Madison his heirs or assigns the title to the lands hereby intended to be conveyed . . . “the document is signed by Nelly Conway Madison. According to the Papers of James Madison at the University of Virginia, the issue of the Kentucky lands owned by James Madison, his father James Madison, Sr., and his brother Ambrose was complicated by the facts that brothers Francis and Ambrose Madison had died several years before their Father and Ambrose did not update his will to reflect the changed situation. This raised the question of which, if any, of the grandchildren were entitled to a share of lands that their grandfather might have bequeathed to their fathers. It also raised another complication, how to settle the question of the jointly owned lands that Nelly Conway Madison, Ambrose’s only child, had inherited from her father. This Indenture was intended to settle that matter. James Madison Sr. signs a June 11, 1772, document pertaining to “holding an inquest on the body of Dover a Negro man slave belonging to Wm. Crawford of the county of Culpeper.” A 1767 document signed by James Madison, Sr. and James Walker detailing the deposition of “William McDonnough who said that in the year 1739 he heard Benjamin Winslow say that his brother Richard Winslow had been at a great deal of trouble and experience in saving his land and that he would make an absolute right to him and his heirs . . . “ A 1771 James Madison, Sr. signed receipt for supplies including “2 bed cords”, “8 nails”, “1 quart mug” and “1 drum line.” A Madison signed document regarding an agreement between Samuel Hamm and Thomas Gilbert. Hamm and Gilbert were “held and firmly bound to Mordecai Shackelford . . . in the sum of one thousand six hundred pounds of good tobacco . . . the condition of the above obligation, that whereas the above bound Samuel Hamm hath this day obtained from James Madison, Gen’l. a Justice of the Peace of the county of Orange, an attachment against the estate of the above named Mordecai Shackelford for eight hundred pounds of good tobacco, returnable to the next County court . . . “ A document signed by John Madison, presumably, the President’s uncle in 1772. The document is a “deposition of John Maddison Gent. taken by consent of parties in an action of assault and battery depending in the County of Orange between Richard Woodfolk PLT. and Andrew Manning Deft. on Saturday the 25th of April 1772.” The document reads in part, “the deponent of full age being sworn deposes and says that in the month of March 1767 one Thomas Landrum was produced as a witness in the Court of Augusta in a Petition and brought in that Court by Thos. Clarke and Abraham Smith that after the tryal of said Pet’s Landrum applied to the Deponent then and now Deputy Clerk of said County to enter his attendance in said suit, which the deponent refused to do, alleging that no subpoena had been issued from the office to summon him in the said petition that the said Landrum then applied to the court who directed the Deponent to swear him with regard to the matter, that the said Landrum on being sworn declared that one Mr. John McClure who prosecuted the said Pet’s on behalf of the Pet’s had produced to him a subpoena from the office of sd. County requiring him to attend as a witness in the said suit, the deponent further says that being pretty confident no such subpoena had issued applied to the Court for directions with regard to taxing his attendance in the Bill of Costs and that the Court directed him not to tax the same unless such Subp’a was produced, and made an order for that purpose; that the said McClure has frequently applied to this Deponent to tax said Landrum’s attendance . . .” The document is signed by John Madison three times in relation to the case. In very good overall condition. RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Presidents

Madison’s 1812 address recommending war with Great Britain 1639. James Madison. Unsigned booklet, entitled “Message from the President of the U. States, recommending an Immediate Declaration of War, against Great Britain,” 12 pages, 5 x 8.5, printed by Roger C. Weightman, 1812. The complete text of Madison’s June 1, 1812, message to Congress recommending a declaration of war. In part: “Whether the United States shall continue passive under these progressive usurpations and accumulating wrongs; or, opposing force to force in defense of their national rights, shall commit a just cause into the hands of the Almighty Disposer of events… is a solemn question, which the Constitution wisely confides to the legislative department of the government. In recommending [a declaration of war] to their deliberations, I am happy in the assurance, that the decision will be worthy of the enlightened and patriotic councils of a virtuous, a free, and a powerful nation.” In very good condition, with scattered toning and foxing, vertical crease along left edge and fragile string binding. RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1640. James Madison. Partly-printed DS

as president, one page, 15.5 x 10, October 25, 1813. Land grant issued to David Francis of Butler County, Ohio under “An Act providing for the sale of the Lands of the United States in the territory north-west of the Ohio and above the mouth of the Kentucky River.” Signed at the conclusion by Madison, and countersigned by Commissioner of the General Land Office Edward Tiffin. Nicely triple suede matted and framed with a color portrait of Madison to an overall size of 34.5 x 18.5. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, one passing through a single letter of signature, and scattered toning and creasing. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Presidents 49

1641. James Madison. Ink signature, “James Madison,” on an off-white slip clipped from a larger letter or document. Matted and framed with a color portrait to an overall size of 13.5 x 16.5. Diagonal crease through first letter of signature, light wrinkling, and a couple stray ink marks, otherwise fine condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1642. James Madison. Full handaddressed free frank, measuring 8.5 x 6.25 unfolded, with panel measuring 5 x 3.5, addressed in Madison’s hand to “Robert Lewis Esqr., Fredericksburg, Virga,” and franked in the upper right, “Free James Madison.” Panel bears a postmark written in another hand, “Orange, Nov. 11,” and “James Madison,” written vertically along the panel in another hand. In very good condition, with two repaired tears to upper portion, affecting the “F” in “Free,” scattered toning, heavier to edges, and light soiling. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1643. James Monroe. Partly-printed vellum DS as president, one page, 12 x 15.5, June 6, 1822.

President Monroe issues a land grant “in consideration of Military Service performed by James Barnett a Lieutenant for seven years and nine months and Joseph Smith a captain for seven years to the United States, in the Virginia Line on Continental Establishment, and in pursuance of an act…intituled ‘An act to enable the Officers and the Soldiers of the Virginia Line on Continental Establishment, to obtain titles to certain lands lying north-west of the River Ohio, between the Little Miami and Sciota,… there is granted by the United States unto Duncan McArthur…a certain tract of land containing one hundred and fifty acres.” Signed at the conclusion by Monroe, and countersigned by Commissioner of the General Land Office Josiah Meigs. In good condition, with intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, Monroe’s signature a few shades light, but completely legible, scattered toning and wrinkling, adhesive remnants from seal, and light creases. The paper seal is stained and worn, but intact. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Presidents

A pass for British ship Emperor during the War of 1812

1644. James Monroe. War-dated manuscript DS, signed “Jas. Monroe,” one page both sides, 7.75 x 13, January 5, 1813. Document reads, in part: “The Emperor being a ship alleged to belong to British subjects and which was within the limits of the United States on the 6th day of July 1812, the President of the said United States, without detriment to the Rights of Individuals, but solely in relinquishment of any supposed or real right accrued or occurring to government in virtue of her detention as prize of war, permits the said ship Emperor, to depart for the port of Liverpool…on the condition that she be navigated to that port by persons other than American seamen…not to offer to the said ship Emperor, her officers or crew, whilst in the prosecution of her passage to the said port, any hindrance or molestation, but on the contrary to afford her every proper and necessary aid and assistance. This passport not to be valid after the vessel reaches her verified port of destination.” In very good condition, with central horizontal and vertical fold, scattered toning, some primarily from red wax seal, and scattered mild soiling, dampstaining and wrinkling. The white wafer seal is soiled, but essentially intact.

By 1812, the superior British Navy was stretched across the world and heavily engaged in the Napoleonic Wars, aggressively boarding the ships of neutral nations including the United States, seizing cargo and forcing merchant sailors into service. From 1796-1802, 1,942 American seamen were pressed into the English navy. By the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1814, that number had grown to several thousand. Impressment became one of the reasons for the War of 1812, which sought to protect seamen’s rights. Issued by then-Secretary of State Monroe, this ship’s pass permitted the British ship Emperor to depart, as it was “within the limits of the United States on the 6th day of July 1812”— the date the War of 1812 commenced between Britain and America. The order specifically detailed the terms of the vessel’s departure...among them that the Emperor not participate in any battle raging on the high seas, also stipulating that the vessel would be granted leave “on the condition that she be navigated to that port by persons other than American seamen” and the pledge “to afford her every proper and necessary aid and assistance.” The pass became invalid when the Emperor reached its destination. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

1645. James Monroe. Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 15.5 x 10, August 7, 1821. President Monroe grants a tract of land in New Orleans to John A. Bernardo and Samuel Paxton. Signed at the conclusion by Monroe, and countersigned by Commissioner of the General Land Office Josiah Meigs. Double matted and framed to an overall size of 30.5 x 18. Vertical folds and creases, one passing through a single letter of signature, handwritten portions of document several shades light, but still legible, a mild shade of toning, endorsement written over right edge, and some scattered light soiling, otherwise very good condition. The white wafer seal is worn, chipped, and toned, but mostly intact. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/ PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200) Presidents 51

Scarce War of 1812 Army recruitment pamphlet 1647. James Monroe.

Rare printed pamphlet entitled “Letter From The Secretary of War, Transmitting A Statement Of The Men Who Have Been Recruited For The Army Of United States, During The Present War,” 8 x 13, printed by Roger Chew Weightman, 1814, dated November 10, 1814. The title page is followed by a letter from James Monroe regarding a statement he is enclosing on “the number of men who have been recruited in the army of the United States, during the present year.” The statement which follows from John R. Bell, the inspector general begins, “The deranged state of the papers of this office, by the late removals,” referring to the burning of Washington by the British just over two months earlier. Booklet also includes two large and impressive fold-out charts, one being a “Return of the whole number of recruits enlisted… from February to September (1814),” 18.25 x 22.5, and the other being, “An estimate of the apportionment of eighty thousand militia amongst the several states and territories,” 13 x 15.75. Expected age wear and scattered moderate toning, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1649. James Monroe. Ink

signature, “Jas Monroe,” on an off-white 4 x 2 slip, clipped from the closing of a letter written in another hand, which reads, “I have the honor to be with great respect, Sir, your Obt svt.” Slip is affixed to a larger off-white sheet, with an ink notation which reads, “Pres. Monroe.” Double matted and framed with a small color portrait and plaque to an overall size of 14 x 17.5. Scattered toning and soiling, some mild wrinkling and creasing, and a small hole to top right corner, otherwise fine condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/ DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Monroe approves the sale of 160 acres of land to an Indiana resident 1650. James Monroe. Vellum DS as president, signed “James 1648. John Quincy Adams. Partly-printed DS as president, signed “J. Q. Adams,” one page, 15.5 x 9, September 1, 1825. President Adams grants Joseph Moss 72 acres of land in Michigan, signed at the conclusion by Adams, and countersigned by Commissioner of the General Land Office George Graham. Nicely cloth matted and framed with an engraved portrait and a name plaque, to an overall size of 30.5 x 20. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, uniform toning, a few small holes to top right, and a bit of light creasing. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Monroe,” one page, 13.5 x 9, May 15, 1821. Monroe grants “John Finger of Orange county, Indiana…one hundred and six acres of the Lands, directed to be sold at Vincennes by the Act of Congress…in the Territory south west of the Ohio, and above the mouth of the Kentucky River.” Intact seal of the US General Office affixed. Double-matted with a full-length engraved portrait and framed to an overall size of 26.25 x 15.5. Intersecting folds (one passing through Monroe’s last name), trimmed edges, small area of paper loss to the far left side, and show-through from mounting adhesive on the reverse, otherwise fine condition. Oversized. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Presidents

Monroe and Adams sign papers for a ship destined to fight piracy 1651. James Monroe and John Quincy Adams. Part-

ly-printed vellum DS, signed “James Monroe” as president and “John Quincy Adams” as secretary of state, one page, 10 x 15, May 8, 1821. Scalloped-top ship’s pass issued to the “Brig Nancy of New York David Matthews master or commander of the burthen of one hundred Eighty six 50/95 tons or thereabouts mounted with no guns navigated with Nine men To Pass with her Company Passengers Goods and Merchandize without any hinderance seisure or molestation the said Brig appearing by good testimony to belong to one or more of the Citizens of the United States and to him or them only.” Intersecting folds, one through a single letter of Monroe’s signature, scattered creases and wrinkles, handwritten portions of document light, but legible, scattered toning and moderate soiling, and rippling to lower portion, otherwise very good condition. The large paper seal is lightly worn and toned, but intact.

Reverse bears two handwritten endorsements signed by Deputy Collector John Kearny: “District & Port of New York Novr 1st 1821. I Certify that the within Vessel mounts Two Guns. Jno Kearny DColl” and “District & Port of New York Decr 21st 1822. I Certify that the within named Brig is navigated with Eleven men & Mounts Four Guns. Jno Kearny DC.” An advertisement from the September 18, 1826, edition of the Connecticut Courant [photocopy present] notes that S. & W. Kellogg are selling “100 Hhds Jamaica Rum” and “1,000 Lb. Old Copper. Landing from Brig Nancy.” This would indicate that the “Brig Nancy” was doing business in the Caribbean. Following the defeat of the British at the end of the War of 1812, America turned its sights towards protecting its trade from pirates. Serving as both secretary of state and secretary of war under Madison, Monroe was was instrumental in shifting this focus and successfully winning the Second Barbary War, ending American exposure to piracy in the Mediterranean. As president, he continued fighting to protect American merchant ships from pirates, this time in the West Indies. Monroe and Adams signed this document authorizing the “Brig Nancy” to utilize and sail from American ports. Illustrating the danger of piracy during this time and in response to the recent killing of crews and burning of ships by pirates, the addition of two and then four cannons to the ship before it sailed to the Caribbean makes it clear that American merchants were no longer willing to allow themselves to be the victims of pirate attacks. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

1652. John Quincy Adams. Partly-printed DS as

president, signed “J. Q. Adams,” one page, 13 x 8.5, October 1, 1827. Adams grants 160 acres of land in Missouri to David Ryan. Signed at the conclusion by Adams, and countersigned by Commissioner of the General Land Office George Graham. Double matted and framed with a color portrait and a biographical plaque to an overall size of 28.25 x 17. In very good condition, with vertical folds, one through a single letter of signature, scattered toning and soiling, a few small areas of paper loss, and some light wrinkling. The seal is toned and worn, but intact. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1653. John Quincy Adams. Free

franked address panel, trimmed to a size of 3.5 x 3.25, addressed in another hand to “Mr. Charles Sigourney, Hartford, Connecticut,” and franked in the upper right, “J. Q. Adams.,” with a “Free” stamp above address. In fine condition, with a uniform shade of toning, a bit heavier to edges, and a few wrinkles. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Presidents 53

the dawning of america

The original prototype of Virginia’s coastline during the 16th century, this map marks one of the most significant cartographical milestones in North American history 1654. 1590 Virginia Map. Map of Virginia from the year 1590, 19 x 14, this depiction being the accepted authority on the configuration of the coastline in the late sixteenth century, serving as the prototype map of the region for nearly a century. In very good condition, with a central horizontal and vertical fold, some light creasing, uniform toning with heavier areas along the edges, rough edges and a strip of reparative tape on the reverse supporting the central vertical fold. This was the first separate map of Virginia, bearing unrivaled detail and accuracy, for any part of the United States during its primitive years. It records the earliest English colonization in the New World, depicting Virginia before the demise of its first colony. This map was based on John White’s 1585 drawing, which was originally created for Thomas Harriot’s A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia, Vol. 1. It was engraved by Theodor de Bry and chronicles the region from Cape Lookout to the Chesapeake area, which is entitled “Chesepiooc Sinus,” the first printed version of the name. White was a member of the company Sir Walter Raleigh appointed to establish an English colony on Roanoke Island in 1585. The original drawing for this map was produced during that expedition, and de Bry then engraved the finished work for publication in 1590. The immense desirability of this colonial map speaks for itself, as it embodies the topography of the nation during its true formative years. RRAuction COA.…(MB $500)

The Dawning of America

1655. A Map of the Country which was the Scene of Operations of the Northern Army. Map fully entitled “A Map of

1658. Action on the Heights of Charleston.

the Country which was the Scene of Operations of the Northern Army; including Wilderness through which General Arnold marched to attack Quebec,” with “Plate VI. Engraved for the Life of Washington,” printed along the top, and “ Engraved by F. Shallus. Published by C. P. Wayne. Philada.,” printed in the lower border. Map depicts ares of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine, New York, and Canada. Uniform toning, chips and small tears to edges, and mirroring of a previously adjacent page, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

1656. Accurate Map of the Province of Pennsylvania. Un-

common hand-colored Revolutionary Warperiod map entitled “Accurate Map of the Province of Pennsylvania in North America from the Best Authorities,” 13 x 11.25, made by Universal Magazine and published in London in 1779. Map depicts various settlements, roads, and topography, and also includes small parts of New York, the Jerseys, and Maryland. The “Boundary Line of Philadelphia run in 1730” divides Pennsylvania from Maryland. Map bears a decorative title cartouche featuring a fort and canon. In very good condition, with map having been professionally backed repairing several small areas of paper loss, and lightly trimmed borders. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1657. Accurate Map of the Province of Virginia. Rare hand-

colored Revolutionary War-era map entitled “A New and Accurate Map of the Province of Virginia in North America,” 15.25 x 13, from Universal Magazine, published London 1779. Map shows towns, counties, rivers, mountains, and parts of Maryland and North Carolina. In very good condition, with map archivally backed with Japan paper on reverse, previous storage folds, with small area of paper loss along one vertical fold, crease to lower right corner, and some mild toning. This particular map is now quite scarce. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Detailed map fully entitled “Sketch of the action of the Heights of Charleston, June 17th 1775 between His Majesty’s troops, under the command of Major Gel. Howe and a large body of American Rebels,” 20.25 x 14.25, further labeled under the title “Copied by I.A. Chapman, from an original Sketch, taken by Henry De Berniere of the 14th Regiment of Infantry, now in the hands of J. Cist Esq. Engraved by Kneass, Young & Co. for the Analeche Magazine. Published by M. Thomas Philada.” Map shows a detailed image of Bunker Hill, troop and artillery locations, British ships, and bears a detailed reference key along the left edge. Map is affixed to a 25.5 x 19 off-white board. In very good condition, with scattered toning and soiling, chips to edges, light previous folds, and scattered foxing. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Bound collection of the 1794 Acts of Congress 1659. Acts of Congress. Book: Acts Passed at the Third Congress

of America, begun and held at Philadelphia. Philadelphia: Francis Childs, 1795. Contemporary boards, 5 x 8.5, 260 pages. Acts in the book includes the establishment of a naval force, a system of post offices and post roads, a neutrality law, a law prohibiting any United States citizen from engaging in the slave trade, treaties with Indian tribes, including the Cherokees, Oneidas, and Six Nations, and a resolution calling for the passage of the Eleventh Amendment to the Constitution. Detached front cover and first free end page, moderate toning and dampstaining to pages, fragile binding and spine, chipped spine, ink notation to front cover, as well as wear and rubbing to boards, otherwise good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America 55

1660. Acts of Congress. Book: Acts Passed at the First Session of the Sixth

Congress of the United States of America, Begun and Held at the City of Philadelphia, In the State of Pennsylvania, On Monday the second of December, in the Year M,DCC, XCIX. Philadelphia: Richard Folwell, 1801. Contemporary calf boards, 5 x 8, 352 pages. Of great interest in this volume are the acts relative to the death of George Washington, and in particular, the original legislation that eventually resulted in the erection of the Washington Monument, as well as the Bankruptcy Act, and an act granting the Franking privilege to Martha Washington. In good condition, with toning and foxing to all pages and both pastedowns, mild dampstaining, paper loss to first free end page, additional label glued to spine, and owner’s name written on front pastedown. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Ethan Allen’s cousin purchases supplies for the establishment of Poultney, Vermont 1661. Ethan Allen: Ebenezer Allen. ADS, four pages on two adjoining sheets, 7 x 11.5, April 17, 1789. Allen provides a copy of his accounts with Captain Stowe and Litchfield County, Connecticut merchant, Truman Hinman dating between April 18, 1771, and December 17, 1772. An account which dates only days after he, together with Thomas Ashley, an in-law of the Allen family, made camp on the bank of the Poultney River establishing the town on April 15, 1771. The account includes four major orders of supplies from Truman Hinman (1731-1793) beginning with very basic supplies ordered only days after Allen and Ashley built their shanties and included iron, “1 Bundle of Linnen [sic],” “1 Ream paper,” “4 half Faggots Steel,” “2 Small… Nails,” “1 Small bag Indigo,” and most importantly, a ”Cross Cut Saw.” By June 14, Allen was anticipating the arrival of more settlers, and ordered what appears to be not only supplies for himself, but for resale including a box of pipes “1 Bundle of Saws,” nails, “3 Empty Cases,” pepper, “6 Iron Shovells,” “Large Trunk Goods,” “6 Tea Kettles,” “2 Bundles of Scythes,” “2 bags of paint,” “16 Shear molds,” “4 Bags Shott,” “1 Bag Coffee,” “6 pewter Tankards.” The next day, Allen ordered even more of what he had ordered the previous day as well as “3 Bundles Books,” “1 Bundle Hour Glasses,” “a parcell [sic] Stone Ware.” That cache lasted the summer and Allen did not make another order until October. This time, besides the basics including spices, dry goods, nails and iron, he sent for wine, “1 Bundle German Steel,” and “1 Very Large Bocks [sic] of Dry Goods.” Intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, moderate toning and soiling, mild rippling, and a few small pinholes along central horizontal fold, otherwise very good condition. During the American Revolution, many Poultney men including Ebenezar Allen would participate in the 1775 capture on Fort Ticonderoga that was led by Ethan Allen. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

From the timber business he organized with his brothers, Ira Allen prepares to set sail with “Spirit & Friends Enough to carry me through” 1662. Levi Allen. Younger brother of Ethan and older brother of Ira Allen. LS, one page both sides, 6.5 x 8, June 5, 1788. Letter to his wife Nancy. In part: “The Raft of Boards is this day completed. Shall Run Out of the River the first Calm, & Take the Advantage of the first South Wind hope to be at St. Johns in about ten days & hope to see you much better than I left you on all accts. Dear Nancy at times depressed with the Idea of former misfortunes but Spirit & Friends Enough to carry me through with a little of your help though weak of Infinite Consequence I cannot go Into a general detail, but beg leave to say you know am handy to not only forgive but—” Second integral page bears an address panel to Allen’s wife done in another hand. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, adhesive remnant from seal on first page, missing lower right corner tip, a few light brushes to text, and light toning. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1663. Almanack 1768. Astronomical

Diary, or Almanack, for the year of our Lord Christ, 1768, by Nathaniel Ames, 4 x 6.5. Printed in Boston and retaining its original binding, this journal details “Ephemeris; Aspects; Spring Tides; Judgment of the Weather; Feasts and Fasts of the Church; Courts in Massachusetts-Bay, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island; Sun and Moon’s Rising and Setting; Moon’s Place; Time of High-Water; Public Roads; with the best Stages and Houses to put up; Eclipses; Quaker’s Meeting; an Address by a New-Englandman; Account of Stage Coaches, etc. etc. etc.” In good condition, with uniform moderate toning, scattered mild to moderate soiling, rough edges with several tears, paper loss along the right edge of the front cover, moderate paper loss to the back cover, several small binding holes along the hinge, and a pencil notation to the top left corner. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1665. Almanack 1769. An Astronomical Diary, or Almanack for the Year of our Lord Christ, 1769, by Nathanial Ames, 4.25 x 6.75. Printed in Boston and retaining its original binding, this journal details “Ephemeris; Aspects; Spring Tides; Judgment of the Weather; Feasts and Fasts of the Church; Courts in MassachusettsBay, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island; Sun and Moon’s Rising and Setting; Moon’s Place; Time of High-Water; Public Roads; with the best Stages and Houses to put up; Eclipses; Manufacture of Silk; an Indian Speech, etc. etc. etc.” In good condition, with light creasing, moderate uniform toning, scattered soiling, faded ink notations throughout the text, rough edges with several small tears, and two names penned on the front cover, illegible from moderate haloing. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1664. Almanack 1781. Weatherwise’s Town and Country Almanack for 1781, “Being the first after leap-year: and the fifth of American Independence,” 4.5 x 7.5, held together towards the top of the spine by a thin string from the original binding. Printed in Boston, the almanac contains anniversaries of several of the war’s most important battles (Lexington, Germantown, Trenton, Monmouth, etc.), and also lists the distances between Boston and various outlying towns and taverns. In good condition, with uniform moderate toning, scattered light soiling, a small hole through the top left edge, similar smaller holes running parallel along the left edge from previous binding, rough edges with several small tears, several ink notations throughout the text, and the expected wear from use and age. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1666. John Andre. Engraving done for Barnard’s New Complete & Authentic History of England, 9.25 x 15, entitled ‘The Unfortunate Death of Major Andre,’ featuring a grim image of the major hanging from the gallows with a handkerchief concealing his face. Light toning, with a slightly darker area along the left edge from previous mounting, scattered light spots of soiling, a small area of paper loss to the top right corner, and three small tears to the right edge, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

The Dawning of America 57

Benedict Arnold’s co-conspirator writes his mother of his promotion, just one month before being hung as a spy: “The Commander in Chief has raised me to the first office in the Army…I am Adjutant General”

1667. John Andre. British Army

officer (1750–1780) hanged as a spy during the American Revolution, due to an incident in which he attempted to assist Benedict Arnold’s attempted surrender of the fort at West Point, New York to the British. Revolutionary War-dated ALS signed “Your dutiful [son], J. Andre,” five pages (first four on two adjoining sheets, plus one sheet), 7.25 x 9, September 1, 1780. Letter to his mother, Mary Louisa Giradot. In full: “Good fortune still follows me, the Commander in Chief has raised me to the first office in the Army, if that of most confidence and least proffit is to be stiled so. I am Adjutant General. The Rank of Lieutenant Colonel which usually attends this post is not given me on account of the difficulties made at giving me rank of Major, but I may nourish hope of obtaining it hereafter. I am full of gratitude towards the General for so much Kindness and impress’d with the greatest zeal to deserve it, but can hardly look back at the steep progress I have made without being giddy. The having exercised the duties I am called to, for near a twelvemonth gives me a greater confidence in myself than I should else have and the thought that in acquiring this much Experience I have not been guilty of great Omission, &a. makes me trust in my ability to fill the place with Reputation. My satisfaction at my Appointment is renew’d at my acquainting you with it, as I am persuaded I am giving equal pleasure to what I have experienc’d myself. I am in very good health tho the great quantity of Business which assails me sometimes affects my spirits Exercise however infallibly restores me. I do not derive great power from my situation but what openings it gives me to provide for, or oblige (in a good cause) I shall avail myself…at your nod. The loss of the Mercury packet taken by the Rebels has I suppose deprived me of accounts from you but I hope for some by the first opportunity.” Reverse of last page bears an address panel in Andre’s hand. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, one passing through a single letter of signature, paper loss to last page from red wax seal affecting one word of closing sentiment, scattered toning, and light show-through from writing on opposite sides. Nineteen days after this letter was written, newly appointed Adjutant General Andre would take his leave of the British sloop-of-war Vulture to rendezvous with Benedict Arnold and obtain crucial intelligence. Proud of his new rank and level of responsibility, Andre here beams with pride over his new post and praise towards the commander-in-chief, Sir Henry Clinton. He approached his new responsibilities—including the mission of overseeing Secret Service operations—with great enthusiasm. Meeting in the woods below Stone Point, Arnold delivered the treacherous intelligence, but too late for Andre to return safely to the Vulture. Coincidentally, American artillery opened fire on the sloop, forcing it several miles down river, setting into motion Andre’s brutal overland journey, a trek that forced the general to shed his uniform and officially assume the role of spy. After successfully passing through Stony and Verplank’s points, he was intercepted. Producing the false pass obtained from Arnold which identified Andre as ‘Mr. Anderson,’ already thick suspicion overruled, and his fate was sealed. He was denied death by firing squad, an execution deemed suitable for a gentleman, and instead given a criminal’s death: he was hanged in Tappan on October 2, 1780, one month after sending a letter of such high hopes and aspirations to his mother. A rare and ultra-desirable letter from the man who launched Benedict Arnold into infamy. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $1000)

The Dawning of America

1668. John Armstrong. American soldier and statesman who was a delegate to the Continental Congress, US senator from New York, and secretary of war (1758–1843). War-dated LS, one page, 7.75 x 9.75, July 1, 1813. Letter to Brigadier General Henry Burbeck. In full: “Call in Col. Benjamins recruits & with them garrison your Forts. The militia can be ill spared at this busy season, you will therefore dismiss them with the Presidents thanks for the promptitude with which they turned out and expressions of his confidence in their zeal & courage, should farther trials be necessary. Mr. Tracy will furnish you with materials…for putting the forts in good order.” Reverse of second integral page is docketed in an unknown hand, “Orders from the W. department 1 July.” In very good condition, with scattered toning and soiling, as well as some creases and wrinkles. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200) 1669. John Armstrong. LS, one

page, 7.75 x 9.75, March 12, 1813. Letter, written from the War Department, to Brigadier General Henry Burbeck, in New York. In full: “You will on receipt hereof proceed to Boston & relieve General Boyd in the command of that post.” Intersecting folds, some mild toning, and light mirroring of signature, otherwise fine condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/ DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Low on ordnance, Armstrong solicits supplies to restock Newport, calling for shot and powder 1671. John Armstrong. War-dated LS,

one page, 8 x 10, October 12, 1812. Letter to Colonel Henry Burbeck, Commanding Governor’s Island. Armstrong informs Burbeck about ordnance shortages (being low on ammo) at Newport, Rhode Island. In full: “Col. Wadsworth by letter of the 10th…states that ‘the commanding offices at New-Port reports 400 bls. of powder deficient of a full supply, also 300 shot for 24 pounders & 1400 for 32 pounders and that there is also a deficiency of 50bls. of powder, 400 shot for 24 pounders and 200 for 18 pounders at New London.’ He requests under these circumstances, that if one hundred barrels of powder can be spared from this port that it may be sent to New-Port. Whatever over-plus of either article, powder or that may be here after supplying ourselves with thirty rounds of musquet cartridges per man & thirty rounds of cannon cartridges per gun, may be forwarded to New-Port and New London agreeably to Col. Wadsworth’s request.” In the lower left is a notation which reads, “The estimate will be made upon the following Nos.--2900 men-300 Guns of different calibers.” In very good condition, with intersecting mailing folds, one through a single letter of signature, scattered toning and soiling, and mirroring of ink from folding. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

During the War of 1812, Madison’s secretary of war orders Fort Trumbull to “prevent the departure of all vessels from the port” 1670. John Armstrong. War-dated ALS, one page, 7.75 x 9.75, June 25, 1813. Letter to Captain W. Van Deursen, Jr., at Fort Trumbull. In part: “So long as the blockade retains its present character, menacing an attack on the town & fort, you will prevent the departure of all vessels from the port. -Mr. Stewarts’ agency is suspended & he is himself to be removed forty miles from the Coast, etc. etc.” Reverse of second integral page is docketed “Orders for the Stoppage of Vessells,” in an unknown hand. In very good to fine condition, with scattered toning and soiling, some over portion of text, mild mirroring of text at bottom, and several circular stains, not affecting any text. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200) The Dawning of America 59

Ezekiel Hayes receives bounty “for making Guns & Locks” for soldiers in Benedict Arnold’s Second Company 1672. Benedict Arnold. Manuscript DS, signed twice “Ezekiel Hayes,” one page, 7.75 x 10.5, dated June 17, 1777. Document reads, in part: “The State of Connecticut to Ezekiel Hayes…the Bounty of Making Gun Barrels & Gun Locks…five Guns & Locks made & sold Timothy Jones Jnr …one Gun 7 Lock sold Joel Bradley…two Gun Locks sold Pierpont Edwards…ten Guns & Locks sold Adam Babcock.” An endorsement signed by Justice of the Peace John Whitney follows, stating: “Capt Ezekiel Hayes of New Haven…made oath to the Truth of the above charge, and that he has not received the Bounty allowed by the General Assembly for making the above mentioned Guns & Locks.” A short manuscript receipt appears below the endorsement. In fine condition, with intersecting folds, and a few stray ink marks and spots. The Second Company responded to the Lexington Alarm in April and marched to Boston to assist the patriots in Boston. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Commodore Bainbridge mentions his new command at Boston while reporting on his daughter’s medical condition 1673. William Bainbridge. Commodore in the United States

Navy (1774-1833) best known for his victory over the HMS Java in the War of 1812. ALS signed “Wm. Bainbridge,” three pages on two adjoining sheets, 7.75 x 9.75, April 30, 1832. Letter to US Senator Henry Dearborn. In part: “How have you been my dear General since I parted with you at Washington? Myself and daughter had a most delightful visit to my highly valued friend Col. Contee…the forest lands of Prince Georges [Maryland]…no part of our Country can exhibit greater hospitality…my dear Daughter Mary…[was] dangerously ill. She was Bled, cuped and blistered all within 10 hours…a raging fever tending to the Brains, this will give you a small idea, how mildly our Phila Physicians treat their Patients…The Secretary of the Navy…requests me to hold myself in readiness to take the command of the Boston yard.” In very good condition, with mostly separated hinge, a few small separations along intersecting mailing folds, with two folds lightly passing through signature, scattered light toning and wrinkling, and small area of paper loss to second page from wax seal. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Poem inspired by the service and “removal” of Bainbridge

1674. William Bainbridge. Handwritten poem, signed “Sarah W. Perry of Newport Rhode

Island,” one page, 8 x 9.75, with a notation at the top reading, “The following lines, by a Lady, were suggested by the removal of Com. Bainbridge.” Poem entitled “To the American Eagle,” reads, in part: “Fly back to thine eyry, and gaze on the sky, From the shame on thy flag, in scorn turn thine eye-Fly back to thine eyry, and dwell with the sun, For dastards would tarnish what valour hath won. Go! forget when thy country, in danger’s dread night, First saw thee emerging to glory and light-When high o’er the wild rage of battle and Sea, Thou waved thy bold pinion unblenching and free.” In very good condition, with intersecting mailing folds, and scattered areas of moderate toning. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

Samuel Adams, John Hancock, Artemas Ward, and William Brattle mentioned on the cover of the 1769 Gazette

1677. Boston Gazette and Country Journal.

1675. Battle of Guildford. Detailed map entitled “Battle of Guildford Fought on the 15th of March 1781,” 7.75 x 10.25, with “Engraved for Stedman’s History of the American War Jan. 20th, 1794.” Map depicts the advances, retreats and positions of the Americans and British, the court house and roads relevant to the battle. In very good condition, with a couple of light folds and creases, a uniform shade of toning, and scattered light foxing. Map also bears a Birmingham Library stamp. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

The Boston Gazette and Country Journal, “Containing the freshest Advices, Foreign, and Domestic,” dated Monday, June 5, 1769, four pages, 9.5 x 15. Front page features a story mentioning Samuel Adams, John Hancock, Artemas Ward, and William Brattle. In good condition, with a light horizontal crease below the header, uniform toning, scattered soiling, a few small areas of separation along the spine, along with several small binding holes, an area of separation at the right edge, scattered small tears along the edge, and moderate area of paper loss to the bottom of the second integral page. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1676. James Bowdoin. Politician from Massachu-

setts (1726–1790) who was president of the state’s constitutional convention. After independence he served as governor of Massachusetts. Lengthy handwritten endorsement, signed “James Bowdoin,” dated January 18, 1777, at the conclusion of a three-page manuscript document, 7.75 x 12.25, a deed handwritten and signed by Joshua Henshaw, Jr., Registrar, copied from the Record of Deeds for the County of Suffolk. The deed begins: “Know all Men by these presents that I Ephraim Jackson of Newton in the County of Middlesex and Province of Massachusetts bay Gentleman in Consideration of two hundred pounds lawful Money paid by James Bowdoin of Boston in the County of Suffolk and province aforesaid Esqr. the Receipt whereof I do hereby acknowledge do hereby give grant sell and convey unto the said James Bowdoin and his Heirs a certain Tract or parcel of Land situated and lying in Needham in the said County of Suffolk containing one hundred and six Acres more or less bounded as follows… .” After describing the location of the land, it is noted that if Jackson or his heirs pay Bowdoin 200 pounds plus interest before March 19, 1775, “according to the form and Effect of the Condition of his bond to the said James Bowdoin for the penal sum of four hundred pounds lawful money of the province aforesaid then this deed and also the said bond shall be void.” At the conclusion of Henshaw’s transcript, Bowdoin has penned, in part: “I James Bowdoin the mortgagee in Consideration of the Payment of the Bond aforementioned do hereby release the Mortgaged Premises top the Mortgager Ephraim Jackson his heirs and assigns; and do hereby discharge the mortgage of which the Foregoing is copy.” In very good condition, with partial separation along horizontal folds, scattered toning, foxing, and creasing, and pencil notations to reverse of second page. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/ PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

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The Admirality Office seeks a more accurate accounting of British and American ships prior to the War of 1812 1678. British Admiralty Office. Printed circular, signed “Jno Barnes,” one page, 8 x 13, September 12, 1811. Addressed at the bottom in an unknown hand to “Admiral John Thomas Duckworth, Governor of Newfoundland.” In part: “It having been represented to my Lord Commissioners of the Admiralty, that in many cases the Masters of American Vessels which, in distress for Provisions or Stores, have been supplied by His Majesty’s Ships, have given wrong information respecting the names or their Vessels, the Port they belonged to, and the Owners.” Scattered toning and foxing, small pencil notation to top corner, and minor edge wear, otherwise fine condition. Leading up to the War of 1812, American ships and British vessels had occasion to engage each other, and to sometimes provide assistance. This document sought a more accurate accounting of how and when British ships came to the aid of distressed US vessels. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/ DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Muster roll of a company of New Hampshire and Maine men from the Siege of Boston

1679. Bunker Hill. Muster roll, 15 x 12.5, headed at the top, “Muster Roll of Capt. Samuel Leighton’s Company in the 30th Regt.of Foot Commanded by Colo. James Scamman Belonging to the Army of the United Colonies of North America,” September 12, 1775. The entire company is listed by name and rank, 46 in all, including the drummer and fifer, the muster records officers and enlisted men who were away on “furlow,” and those who had deserted. The enlistment dates are given for each man— most are from early May of 1775. Among the names are some of the oldest families in Maine and New Hampshire, such as Hanscom, Fernald, Leighton, and Frost. In good to very good condition, with intersecting folds, scattered toning and dampstaining, edge wear, and scattered creases. Samuel Leighton, a farmer, answered the call to arms in 1775. He was commissioned as a captain and empowered to enlist a company of men ‘for the protection of American Liberty.’ Leighton and his men joined the 30th Regiment commanded by Colonel James Scamman (or Scammon) and promptly marched south to Cambridge. There, they joined a growing cadre of Minutemen and militiamen sent to assist beleaguered Boston. RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1680. Bunker Hill. Manuscript pay receipt, one page, 7.5 x 12.25, dated Cambridge, October 31st 1775. Signed by 43 soldiers from the company’s fifer and drummer to Lieutenant William Fernald. Some men sign for themselves, others left their marks with an X. Signers are: Fernald, Daniel X Green [his mark], Moses Witham Corpl, Joshua Fernald Corprel, Stephen X Nason Corpriel [his mark], Josiah Paul Sarjent, Jno Stanley Jr, Tobias Leighton, William Cole Sargant, Daniel Lord, John Johnson Sargant, Charles X Sergant [his mark], John Chick, Joshua Emery, Charles Frost Junr., James Emery, Alexander Goold, Robert Patch, Stephen Ferguson, Samuel Neal, John Whitelock, Tobias Hanscom, Ebenezer Hammond, Charles Caverly, Henry Foss (Drummer), James Remick, Lemuel X Smith [his mark], Enoch Meloon, Fedrick Peverly, Thomas Mehany, John Jordan, Daniel X Adams [his mark], James Smrt [Smart], John Frost (Junr fifer), Peletiah Witham, Jonathan X Nason [his mark], John Goold, William Nutter, Jeremiah Witham, John Ferguson, Thomas Savge [Savage], and Simon Frost. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, scattered toning, foxing, and soiling, and some small edge tears and chips. RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

1681. Bunker Hill. Engraving from Barnard’s New Com-

plete & Authentic History of England, 15 x 9.5, entitled ‘View of the Attack on Bunker’s Hill, with the Burning of Charles Town,’ June 17, 1775. In very good condition, with a horizontal crease along the bottom edge, scattered light to moderate toning, scattered foxing along the edges, and paper loss to the bottom edge. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1682. John Burgoyne. Handwritten third-person invitation to Burgoyne, one page, 7 x 9, dated February 7. An invitation by opposition MP Charles James Fox to Burgoyne. In full: “Mr Fox presents his Compliments to General Burgoyne, and requests the favor of his Company tomorrow Evening at half past Nine o’Clock at Burlington House.” In very good condition, with intersecting folds, scattered light toning and soiling, show-through from mounting remnants on reverse, a couple light pencil notations, and small repair to paper loss along bottom edge. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1683. Aaron Burr. Crisp ink signature, “Aaron Burr, 30 Dec. 1787,” on an off-white 7.25 x 1.75 slip clipped from the closing of a letter, inlaid to a slightly larger sheet. In fine condition, with uniform toning and trimmed edges. Pre-certified PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.… (MB $200)

In a seven-page document, Burr requests a Writ of Subpoena in a prolonged case regarding a title dispute for property on Gold Street in Manhattan 1684. Aaron Burr. Manuscript DS, signed “A. Burr,” seven

pages on four sheets, 7.75 x 12.5, September 22, 1824. A lengthy legal document concerning the case of Rachel Eden [Oratrix], v. Stephen Waring. Addressing the “Honorable the Circuit Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York Humbly complaining sheweth unto your Honor your Oratrix Rachael Eden of the City of New York…that [her husband] Medcef Eden the younger …deceased being Entitled in fee simple under the will of his father Medcef Eden the Elder to certain real Estate situate in the City of New York & Elsewhere: And doubts having arisen as to the construction of the said will as to the right of the said Medcef Eden the Younger to the said real property thereunder.” The lands in question included “numbers 38 & 40 situate on Gold Street.” According to the document, tenant and pretend owner Gideon Kimberly, sold the property to a Stephen Waring for $7,000, and Burr, acting in behalf of the Oratrix Rachael Eden, asks the court for a Writ of Subpoena, “Please your Honor to grant unto your Oratrix the Peoples most gracious writ of Subpoena to be directed to the said Stephen Waring and the rest of the confederates when discovered thereby commanding them at a certain day &…there to answer the premises and to Stand to & abide such order decree.” The document, completed in a secretarial hand includes several minor corrections in Burr’s hand. Tape reinforcement to weak and partially separated horizontal folds, mild overall toning, a few chips to edges, last page shorter than first three, and pinholes to top edge, otherwise very good condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

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1685. Charles Campbell. British Army Officer who was captured,

along with the 71st Regiment of Highlanders at Boston Harbor, and detained at Dunstable Province, Massachusetts. By the end of 1777, Campbell would be paroled, and on August 18, 1780, would meet his demise near Camden, South Carolina. ALS signed “C. Campbell,” one page both sides, 6 x 7.25, June 7, 1777. Imprisoned, Campbell writes to his father, Patrick Campbell, in part: “In my last letter…I informed you that there had been a Cartel settled for exchange of all Prisoners of war, and that I hoped to see N. York before the month of December, but some difficulties have arisen since, between the two contending parties, have entirely put a stop to it for the present, and probably during the war. I have therefor applied, and am at present making all the interest I can, to procure my enlargement; if I should be lucky enough to succeed, you will hear from me soon, if not, God knows when. I beg of you my Dear Father, to let no opportunity escape of getting me preferred. I am a little surprised at not having heard from a Friend or relation in the world since I left you at Grenock—and still more at not having a single line from my Brother Jack, who I must suppose is with his Regt., long before this. As all letters that are wrote from this must be open, I cannot write you more fully at present.” Light intersecting folds, one slightly passing through the first letter of the signature, some scattered light spotting, a few stray ink marks to the blank second integral page, and show-through from writing on reverse, otherwise fine condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

One of only five known documents signed by Clark, a call for whiskey for his Chickasaw scouts prior to the 1794 Battle of Fallen Timbers 1686. William Clark. Soldier and explorer

(1770–1838) who, with Meriwether Lewis, undertook a two-year expedition in 1804 to discover a navigable route to the Pacific Ocean, in the process exploring and later describing much of the course along the Missouri River. Following the expedition, Clark resumed his military career, serving as agent for Indian affairs in St. Louis and leading a number of campaigns during the War of 1812. Rare manuscript DS, signed “W. Clark Lt. 4th Sub Legn,” one page, 7.75 x 3.5, June 10, 1794. Document reads, “Sir, please to deliver three quarts of whiskey for the use of the Chickasaw Indians present.” Signed at the conclusion by Clark, and countersigned by three other officers. Document is also annotated at the bottom, “Now please to deliver the whiskey a qt. at a time.” Double matted and framed with a portrait of Clark and a biographical plaque to an overall size of 18 x 28.5. In very good condition, with somewhat irregularly trimmed edges, paper loss along bottom edge, ink blot to Clark’s signature, some scattered toning, horizontal fold below signature, and light show-through from writing on reverse. In this 1794 document, Clark is requesting “three quarts of whiskey for use of the Chickasaw Indians” to be delivered “a qt. at a time,” using the alcohol as a means of control, and later for harmony and friendship, regulating the amount to prevent drunkenness. His relationship with the Chickasaws would play a crucial role in the victory at Fallen Timbers. Clark served in General ‘Mad’ Anthony Wayne’s army, the Legion of the United States, which marched north from Fort Washington to meet the Western Confederacy, an alliance of fifteen Native American tribes. Clark and the Chickasaws served as advance scouts, participating in several skirmishes as well as the Battle of Fallen Timbers, the last battle of the war, in which the American army defeated the Western Confederacy. During the August 20, 1794 fight, Clark commanded a Kentucky rifle company that drove back the enemy, leaving a number of Indians and Canadians dead. The day was hot and the close quarters fighting was so intense that two ounces of whiskey was issued to each soldier of the “holy Regulars” who were engaged in the brunt of the battle, recording in his diary that the troops “much required” the liquor because of their strenuous efforts. A year later, he became Meriwether Lewis’ commanding officer, an association which would forever sear his name into American history. A rare document, one of only five known to exist. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

The Dawning of America

Hand-carved 1785 dated powder horn of William Clark, from the Graffenried collection

1687. William Clark. Ornately detailed, hand-carved powder horn, 14.5 x 3, with a 4˝ wooden plug and leather carrying strap. Primitive images of various animals are hand-etched into the sides, including a deer, bird, alligator, fish, and a mountain lion, between twin legends WILLIAM CLARK and WILLI[A]M CLARK 1785, with additional floral motifs. Horn has two octagonally faceted sections tapering towards spout, spirally fluted tip, base plug with attached iron swivel, and leather hanger. In fine condition, with some trivial scratching and a small puncture hole from previous mounting. This horn originates from the collection of Gaines de Graffenried, who served as the curator of exhibits at the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame in Waco until his death in 1991, and was sold as part of his collection by Christie’s in New York in 2001.

After the end of the Revolutionary War, Clark’s two oldest brothers, General George Rogers Clark and Colonel Jonathan Clark, made arrangements for their parents and family (including fifteen year old William) to move from Virginia to what would later become Kentucky. It was here that George Rogers Clark taught William the wilderness skills that would prove so critical eighteen years later when he and Meriwether Lewis led the Corp of Discovery in the exploration of the recently acquired Louisiana Purchase. On that expedition, Clark utilized what he learned about reading terrain to draw critical maps and he also led hunting expeditions for game, a skill he learned during this time and with, it has been deemed likely, this very powder horn. This is a fascinating item representative of the wilderness skills that were so necessary for the expedition that opened up the American west. RRAuction COA.…(MB $500)

British General Clarke certifies the Foot Regiment’s clothing has “been Viewed and found agreeable to His Majesty’s Instructions” 1688. Alured Clarke. British Army officer who served as lieutenant colonel of the 7th

foot during the American Revolution. He later served as lieutenant governor of Jamaica. Manuscript DS, signed “Alured Clarke: Genl,” one page, 8.25 x 13, March 9, 1810. Document, identified above the date as coming from “Horse Guards,” reads, in part: “We the General Officer appointed to Inspect and Regulate the Clothing of the Army Do hereby Certify that the Clothing for the 2d Battalion of the 78th Regiment of Foot; commanded by Lieut. General A. M. Fraser having been Viewed and found agreeable to His Majesty’s Instructions.” Signed at the conclusion by Clarke, and countersigned by Peter Craig and Harry Burrard. Document is affixed by its left edge to a slightly larger sheet. Intersecting folds, one passing lightly through a single letter of signature, scattered toning, soiling, and foxing, and some light creases and edge tears, otherwise very good condition. Precertified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America 65

Rare colonial currency from all 13 original colonies before the 1788 ratification prohibiting the states from printing paper money 1689. Colonial Notes for 13 Colonies.

Currency notes from the 13 original colonies, each measuring approximately 4 x 2.75. Notes range in denomination from two shillings to forty shillings, and one dollar to four dollars, from the colonies of New Hampshire, New York, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania (1776), Connecticut, Rhode Island, Maryland, New Jersey (1776, signed by Declaration signer John Hart), Delaware (1776), North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia (1776), and Georgia. Each note bears one to five authoritative signatures at the conclusion of the ornately designed slip, and range in date from 1775 through 1784. Matted and framed with an image of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, and a small plaque reading ‘Paper Money from the Thirteen Original Colonies,’ to an overall size of 34 x 35. In very good condition, with mild toning, scattered light soiling, a cancellation hole through the center of the New Hampshire note, and irregularly trimmed edges. Before the Revolutionary War, the British Parliament passed the Currency Acts of 1751, 1764, and 1773 to control colonial paper money to protect their merchants from depreciated colonial currency. By not allowing the currency to be used for “legal tender” to pay public and private debts, this created a money crisis for the colonials who had little access to gold and silver for coinage except for foreign coins like the Spanish dollar. When the war broke out, the colonies were freed from the monetary restrictions, allowing the Continental Congress to print paper money to help fund the war effort. Each state as well issued its own unrestricted currency, contributing to a rapid depreciation of both state and Continental money. To address this problem, the Constitution, ratified in 1788, banned the right of independent states to coin and print money. RRAuction COA.…(MB $300)

Carved acorn from the tree that hid Connecticut’s constitution, the famous Charter Oak 1690. Connecticut. Carved acorn, 1.25” in length, housed in a glass beaker, 5.5” tall x 1.5” diam-

eter, with 2.5” diameter base, stopped with a cork. A partly printed label inside facing out completed in manuscript: states, “Acorn made of a piece of the Charter Oak of Hartford.” Acorn originates from the John S. Reigart Collection of Historical American Relics, with a Reigart label inside stating “Acorn made of a piece of the Charter Oak of Hartford.” The Charter Oak was a large white oak tree growing, from around the 12th or 13th century until 1856, in Hartford, Connecticut. According to tradition, Connecticut’s constitutional charter was hidden within the hollow of the tree to thwart its confiscation by the English governor-general. The oak became a symbol of American independence and is commemorated on the Connecticut State Quarter. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

The Dawning of America

Rarely seen grouping of 14 Plymouth documents exhibiting the growth of the New World 1691. Colonial Plymouth. An interesting and important archive of 14 seventeenth century documents from Plymouth [Plimouth], Massachusetts. Documents range in date from 1669-1700 and deal primarily with wills, deeds, and land issues. A brief summary of each document follows. Manuscript DS, one page, 14 x 9.5, July 17, 1694. A deed between Captain Joseph Howland and John Gray “in consideration of the full & just sum of fifteen pounds…[land] off Rockey Nooke in Plimouth…” Signed by Joseph Howland, witnessed by James Winslow and Joseph Southworth, and docketed on the reverse by Samuel Sprague. Manuscript DS, one page, 7.5 x 6, October 30, 1684. A receipt pertaining to the estate of Edward Gray. Signed by Dorothy Gray, as Administrator, and signed as witnesses by Nathaniel Thomas and Stephen Sloss. Manuscript DS, one page, 8.25 x 5.5, March 29, 1683. Document regarding the division of Edward Gray’s land. Signed by Dorothy Gray [widow] and John Gray [son]. Witnessed by Ephraim Morton, Ephraim Tinkham, with his “ET” mark, Isaac Cushman, and John Bryant Junr. Manuscript DS, one page, 10 x 13, September 15, 1700. A deed between James Winslow and John Gray, for 2/3rds of an acre of land for forty shillings. Signed by James Winslow, next to his red wax seal. Witnessed by John Colle, and Nathaniel Clark, also signed by William Bradford, Justice of the Peace, with a few additional lines in his hand. Manuscript DS, three pages on two adjoining sheets, 7.25 x 12, November 2, 1693. A will of Ephraim Morton who “being weak of body through sickness yet of disposing memory & understanding…ordain these presents to be my last Will & Testament…” Signed by Morton, and endorsed by Samuel Sprague and William Bradford, and attested at the end, “A true copy examined by Nathl Thomas Register.” Manuscript DS, one page, 15 x 12, January 15, 1689. A deed of Samuel Little and his wife Sarah to John Gray. Signed by both Littles next to their respective wax seals. Witnessed by John Barkor and Rachal Newcom. Also signed by Nathaniel Thomas, who adds several lines at the bottom. Manuscript DS, one page, 9.75 x 14.75, December 17, 1700. Document concerning a land purchase reads, in part: “Benjamin Eaton Senr & Benjamin Eaton Junr…in consideration of the sum of Ten Pounds in Currant money of New England to us or one of us in hand by John Gray of Plimouth…[purchase] ten acres…between Francis Billington lott & The lott that was John Cooper…” Signed by Benjamin Eaton Sr., his mark “X”, and Benjamin Eaton, Jr., both with their seals. Also signed by William Bradford, Justice of the Peace, with three lines in his hand, and docketed by Samuel Sprague. ADS, one page, 8 x 12, March 4, 1688/89. A quit claim between Edward Gray and John Gray, pertaining to father Edward Gray’s estate. Signed by Edward Gray around his wax seal. Witnessed by Samuel

Sprague and Ephraim Colle. Manuscript DS, one page, 8.75 x 12.5, February 12, 1703/4. A signed scribal copy of “An agreement of Several of ye Neighbors living at and about Rockey Nooke in the Township of Plimouth respecting ye bounds of their lands…” being a copy of the original document of 1669 signed in a scribal hand by Jacob Cooke, Edward Gray, and Francis Combes with their “x” mark. Manuscript DS, 7.75 x 9.25, October 28, 1684. A document regarding land owned by Edward Gray at Shawamot. Signed at the conclusion by Nathaniel Morton, with several lines in Morton’s hand as well. Manuscript DS, 6 x 8, March 3, 1685/6, being a period transcript of the bounds of land between John Gray and Caleb Cook. Manuscript DS, one page, 7.5 x 12, November 1, 1693. “An Inventory of the Estate of Lieut. Ephraim Morton late of Plymouth deceased taken & apprized the first day of November 1693.” An extensive list of materials belonging to Morton, including cattle, sheep, pewter, furniture, wool, grain, corn, spinning wheels, lumber, and farm equipment. Manuscript DS, one page, 8 x 12, March 14, 1682. A division of Edward Gray’s land, including “little house by the watterside.” Between Dorothy Gray and John Gray, for the land “from the seaside to the King’s Road or Highway…northerly side of the Great Rock…” Signed twice each by Ephraim Morton and John Tomson, and docketed on the reverse by Nathaniel Morton. ADS, signed “Thomas Faunce,” one page, 8 x 6.5. A 1686 transcript of 1666/7 record of bounds of Benjamin Eaton’s land, formerly George Clark’s and betwixt Francis Billington and the lots that were John Cooke’s, near “the Swamps called Bradfords Marsh.” Conditions of the documents rate between good and very good, as would be expected with 300-year-old documents. Several have professional repairs along folds, others have scattered toning and staining, partial fold separations, and scattered paper loss. RRAuction COA.…(MB $500)

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1692. Connecticut Pay Order. Partly-printed Revolutionary

War-dated DS, one page, 5.75 x 4.75, March 25, 1782. Pay order reads, in part: “Pay Capt. Charles Miel twenty two pounds ten shillings out of the tax.” Signed at the conclusion by two committee members. Intersecting folds, scattered light toning, and a cancellation signature over committee members’ signatures, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

1695. Silas Deane. American merchant, politician and diplomat (1737–1789) who served as a delegate on the Continental Congress. Flowing ink signature, “Silas Deane,” on an off-white 2 x 1 irregularly clipped slip affixed to a slightly larger mount. Doublematted with a steel engraving to an overall size of 8.25 x 15. In fine condition, with light toning and closely trimmed edges. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Revolutionary War discharge to a Massachusetts soldier

1696. Luke Drury.

1693. Continental Currency. Two original, intricately-designed notes of Continental Currency, 3.75 x 2.75 and 4.5 x 2.5, the first a note for the sum of $45.00, No. 40878, and the other a note for $2.00, No. 430. Each note bears a florid ink signature at the conclusion. In very good condition, with light creasing, uniform toning, scattered light spotting, and expected wear. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

Manuscript DS, signed “Luke Drury Lt. Colo Comdt,” one page, 7 x 4, November 20, 1781. An honorable discharge issued to “Cyrenus French, Adgt of Colo. Drury’s Regt. of Massachusetts Militia having served the full term of three months…and has Leave to return to his usual Place of Abode.” Signed at the conclusion by Drury. In very good to fine condition, with central horizontal and vertical fold, uniform toning, with some heavier spots, and some trivial edge wear. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Ten months after his surrender at Yorktown, the British General sends for his papers 1694. Charles Cornwallis. English general (1738– 1805) who fought against Washington during the American Revolution and was finally defeated at Yorktown. The crushing defeat aroused much antiwar sentiment in England, and hostilities thereafter tapered off until the final withdrawal of British troops in 1783. Revolutionary War-dated ALS signed “Cornwallis,” one page, 7.25 x 9.5, August 19, 1782. Letter to a gentleman. In full: “I desired Col. Schutz, who is coming in a few days to my neighbourhood, to call or send to your house for the parcel of papers left for me by the Lord Advocate.” Archivally double matted and framed with a color portrait of Cornwallis and a biographical plaque to an overall size of 25 x 22. Intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, scattered soiling, and a uniform shade of mild toning, otherwise fine condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

Letter To Captain E. Smith of the Brig Macedonian Delivered by naval war hero Captain Downes

1697. J. L. Ellery. ALS signed “J. W. L. Ellery,” one page, 7.75 x 9.5, September

20, 1818. Letter to “Captain Eliphalet Smith of the Brig Macedonian.” This may be the same Eliphalet Smith that fought as a Privateer during the American Revolution. In full: “I write this with scarce any idea that it will reach you as I presume by this time, you are off for Canton, at which place I have written you by W. George Sturgis, William Amidon and Capt. Endicott of Salem. Your wife and all your friends are well. We have seen your letter by Capt. Coffin of May 17th. I hope you have been able to sell your vessel & that you have taken the proceeds to Canton to be invested in Silk & crapes, half each as those articles now pay handsomely. I depend on your executions.” Short postscript at the bottom reads, “I write this by Capt. Downes, one of our most distinguished officers & Captain of the Frigate Macedonian, bound to Chile to protect the trade.” This letter was delivered by war hero Captain Downes of the Frigate USS Macedonian. Intersecting mailing folds, one through a single letter of signature, scattered toning and soiling, with heavier soiling to second page and address panel, and scattered creasing and wrinkling, otherwise very good condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1698. Oliver Ellsworth. Third Chief Justice of the United States

and delegate to the Constitutional Congress who later submitted the amendments which became the Bill of Rights. Original Revolutionary War-dated manuscript DS, signed “O. Ellsworth,” detailing a pay order to “Capt. Jonas Prentice, as Paymaster of his own Company now to be by him ran—Eight hundred and fifty two pound—by the band of Col. Jonathan Fitch—& charge the Colony—Hartford June 20th, 1776.” Matted with a steel engraving print of Ellsworth, to an overall size of 20.75 x 13.75. In fine condition, with intersecting folds, none of which affect the crisp signature, and light showthrough from writing on the reverse. Pre-certified PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1699. Oliver Ellsworth.

Crisp ALS signed “Oliv Ellsworth,” one page, 8.25 x 5, August 9, 1775. Ellsworth writes, in full: “Pay Andrew Hunting four hundred pounds money in bills to pay freight and transportation of a quantity of Flower received of the Continental Congress for the Army near Boston as per order of Committee of Safety & charge the same to account of the Colony of Connecticut.” A central horizontal fold, some light toning and spotting, and irregularly trimmed edges, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

Thirsty soldiers receive rum at Fort Washington 1701. Fort Washington.

Receipt granting rum to the soldiers at Fort Washington: “Mr. Comasery Caitts surplus to let the Barrier have the Rum for thirty men,” October 22, 1776, on a brown 4.5 x 2.75 slip, signed by Lieutenant Jacob Worthen. A few light spots and irregularly trimmed edges, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

The Dawning of America 69

1702. Benjamin Franklin. Original leaf printed

by Benjamin Franklin, one page, both sides, 4 x 6.5. Leaf comes from the 1750 Philadelphia printing of the book, A Reply to Mr. Samuel Finley’s Vindication of the Charitable Plea for the Speechless, printed in Franklin’s Market Street shop. In very good to fine condition, with uniform toning, with heavier areas along the edges, and some scattered light spotting, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Well-documented Hamilton hair 1703. Alexander Hamilton. Ten strands

of Hamilton’s hair, ranging from .25˝ to almost 1˝ long, originally gathered by his friend Jonathan Trumbull, Jr., and encapsulated in clear plastic and affixed to an 8.5 x 11 information sheet featuring an image of Hamilton, the provenance of the hair, as well as an image of the original presentation of hair. In fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Hamilton and his wife sign for a chord of wood 1705. Alexander Hamilton. ANS signed

“A. Hamilton,” one page, 5 x 8, April 24, 1800. Brief note to Alexander Richards. In full: “You will deliver the bearer a Cord of wood for my wif.” Under Hamilton’s note, his wife Eliza writes “the Bearer has delivered the Cord of Wood as directed. E. Hamilton.” Second integral page bears a handwritten receipt from Alexander Richards to John Dobbs dated April 25, 1800. In very good condition, with vertical fold through portions of text and Eliza’s signature, Eliza’s writing light, but legible, scattered toning, partial separations along hinge, and ink erosion to small portion of receipt. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

The Dawning of America

The commander at Lexington and Concord discharges a soldier due to “bodily indisposition”

1706. William Heath. Distinguished major general in the Continental Army (1737–1814) who organized and trained the undisciplined forces at Cambridge before the Battle of Bunker Hill. ADS, signed “W. Heath, M. General,” one page, 7.75 x 6.75, September 18, 1781. A discharge for Lt. Wilcox. In part: “Lieut. Wilcox of Colonel Drury’s Regt…being by bodily indisposition rendered unable to perform the Duties of the Camp, is hereby discharged from the service.” In very good condition, with intersecting folds, two crisply passing through signature, rough lower edge, scattered light toning and foxing, and a bit of edge wear. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $250)

1707. Jeronimus Hoogland. War-dated manuscript orders signed “Joro. Hoogland,” one page 8.5 x 13.25, October 16, 1778. Officer Hoogland writes Captain John Brown of the light dragoons, detailing “orders for the officers who command the partys of horse on Kind Street Road,” providing directions to the men who were patrolling the area north of British-occupied Manhattan. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, one of which lightly passes through the first letter of the signature, moderate creasing along the rough edges, scattered toning and spotting, a small area of separation to one of the folds, and a few small edge tears. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The Royal Governor of Massachusetts signs a pay order for several men building a powder magazine, including a member of the Boston Tea Party 1708. Thomas Hutchinson. British royal governor of colonial Massachusetts from

1771 to 1774 and a prominent Loyalist in the years before the American Revolution. Partlyprinted DS, signed “T. Hutchinson,” one page, 6.5 x 8.25, August 13, 1773. Document ordering Massachusetts Treasurer, to “pay unto Mr. Thomas Crafts & others the Sum of One hundred & fifty three pounds 7/4d as for the use of several Persons mentioned on the back of this Warrant, for Work done & Materials procured, for the new Powder Magazine in the Town of Boston.” Boldly signed at the conclusion by Hutchinson. The workers and suppliers sign for their pay including Thomas Crafts Jr. (1740-1799) a Boston painter who was a neighbor of Paul Revere and a member of the Loyal Nine. Additionally, the document is signed by his father, Thomas Crafts [Sr.] who was also the general contractor named on the front of the document for “Carpenter’s Work,” “Thos. Dawse” collected £21-5-4 for “Masons work” while Richard Boynton received £14-7-7 for “Black sm[it]h work” and “Hezk Blanchard” collected over £13 for “carting.” Simon Whipple supplied lime, John Bishop provided Bricks, and Joshua Spear supplied slate and sand. In very good condition, with partial separations along horizontal folds, a few edge chips, show-through from writing on reverse, and uniform toning. The Massachusetts House of Representatives passed a bill in 1771 authorizing the construction of two new powder magazines, one to be located in Watertown, the other in Boston. The magazine was constructed near the present-day Beacon Hill. Only a month before the workmen were paid for their labor, Hancock had cooperated with Adams in publishing the private letters of Thomas Hutchinson that appeared to advocate curtailing colonial liberties. Those letters, intercepted by Benjamin Franklin, caused a major scandal and calls for Hutchinson’s removal from office. Because of the strong presence of British troops in Boston, the magazine did not become a focal point of American resistance at the opening of the Revolutionary War as it did in Williamsburg, Virginia and other American towns. In the end, it would be the magazine at Concord that would provide the flashpoint for the war. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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“Those who are real friends of liberty, now openly avow that the Americans are justifiable in their revolt from Great-Britain” 1709. Independent Chronicle. Independent Chronicle and the Universal Advertiser, dated Thursday,

April 3, 1777, Vol. IX, Numb. 450, four pages, 9.5 x 15. Printed in Boston, this issue is brimming with war news, including reports of a number of battles and their associated killed and wounded between October and November of 1776. Page three references the Declaration of Independence in a dispatch from Philadelphia, stating, “The Declaration of Independence has not in the least altered the sentiments of our friends in England, nor diminished their number. Those who are real friends of liberty, now openly avow that the Americans are justifiable in their revolt from Great-Britain,” and also reports the captivating news that England has applied to Russia for troops to quell the rebellion, and that France has vowed never to let that happen. In very good condition, with a central vertical crease, uniform toning with heavier areas along the edges, scattered light soiling and spotting, a few binder holes and small cuts along the left edge, and a faded name penned in ink at the top. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Boston paper mentioning Hancock, Adams, and the British, shortly before the Treaty of Paris 1710. Independent Chronicle and The Universal Advertiser. The Independent

Chronicle and the Universal Advertiser newspaper, 11 x 17, four pages, dated August 21, 1783, printed in Boston by Nathaniel Willis. Top portion of front page bears an act concerning the furnishing of provisions to the Army, with John Hancock’s and Samuel Adams’s name printed under the act. Uniform toning, scattered dampstaining, small edge tears and creases, central horizontal fold, and an old ink ownership name to top edge, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Chronicle and The Universal Advertiser, dated Thursday, May 14, 1778, Numb. 508, four pages, 9.75 x 15.5. Periodical features a mix of war news, legal notices, and reports from Parliament on the rebellion. Front page illustration is a solider/minuteman holding up a scroll bearing the word “Independence,” which was supposedly engraved by Paul Revere. Intersecting horizontal and vertical crease, some light creasing, uniform toning, scattered light spotting, rough edges with scattered tears, an area of separation at the left edge and to the center of the folds, and scattered ink notations, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1711. Investment and Attack of York in Virginia. Hand-colored map entitled “Investment and Attack of York in Virginia,” 11 x 11.75, by C. P. Wayne, from Marshall’s Life of Washington, published in Philadelphia in 1810. Map shows the positions of the American and French battlements in their siege of the British forces at Yorktown. Map depicts the Allied forces deployed in a semi-circle on the outside of York, and shows the encampments of General Washington, General Knox, Baron Stuben (Steuben), Count Rochambeau, and LaFayette. In very good condition, with several horizontal folds, a repair to the reverse of a complete horizontal separation along upper portion of map, adhesive remnants to top, some light toning, and a small strip of tape along reverse of bottom edge. RRAuction COA.…(MB $150)

1712. Independent Chronicle and The Universal Advertiser. Independent

The Dawning of America

Scarce Revolutionary War-dated letter from Constitution signer Jenifer

1713. Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer. Mary-

land-born politician (1723–1790), one of America’s Founding Fathers, and signer of the Constitution. Revolutionary War-dated LS signed “Daniel S. Thos Jenifer,” one page, 7 x 9, April 24, 1782. Letter is charred along the left edge resulting in some loss of text, and reads, in part: “Under the sketch of…of British property which you ret’d…office. You have have [sic] made a…remains a considerable part of…[a]bove mentioned property unsettled for…[t]he purchasers who have yet neglected…[re]fused to comply with the terms of Sale …[s]hall be obliged by your favoring m …[w]ith a list of the names and amount of…[t]he property sold annexed to it and also [t]he reason why the Terms of Sale have not been complied with. I should have been glad that you have added the dates of the sales to your returns.” In good to very good condition, with aforementioned paper loss from fire, a few other areas of repaired paper loss, tape reinforcement to folds on reverse, and uniform toning. Accompanied by a past auction tag from Samuel T. Freeman & Company with a description of the item. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1715. The Jerseys.

Scarce handcolored map entitled “The Jerseys,” 10.25 x 14, from William Gordon Gordon’s American War: History of the Rise, Progress, and Establishment of the Independence of the United States of America, published in London in 1777. Regional map locates battles and forts, early roads, towns, counties, rivers, mills, and many other interesting details. Battle sites are dated and marked with crossed swords. In very good to fine condition, with intersecting storage folds, paper loss to left edge, and scattered light toning. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Negotiating peace with America and fighting the Dutch, George III seeks ways to simultaneously placate the Russians and their system “that has neither justice, reason, nor policy for its foundation” 1714. King George III. King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1760 until his death in 1820. His reign was marked most notably by the loss of British control over the American colonies. Advancing mental illness rendered George unable to fulfill his official duties during the last decade of his life, during which time the Prince Regent, William IV, ruled in his stead. Autograph letter, one page, 4.5 x 7.25, February 12, 1782. George writes to Lord Stormont. In full: “The two Notes Ld. Stormont has drawn up, and which He means to deliver tomorrow to the Russian Minister are very judicious but one cannot help lamenting at the strange conduct of that Court that can be driving on a system that has neither justice, reason, nor policy for its foundation.” In good condition, with mild overall toning and soiling, staining along right edge (touching several words of the text), and partial separations along folds (tape-reinforced on the reverse). The writing is dark, clear, and legible. Britain was in the midst of negotiating a peace treaty with her original Thirteen Colonies when she declared war with the Netherlands in 1780. Despite an alliance with Russia, Catherine the Great had informed Dutch officials that Russia would not necessarily guarantee protection of their ships on the high seas under a neutrality agreement. While British ships captured or destroyed Dutch vessels they believed to be trading with Britain’s enemies during the Revolutionary War, the king was careful not to provoke Catherine’s wrath, as the actions could have led to an all out war with Russia. Thus, he dispatched Lord Stormont to do what he could to placate her, including considering giving Russia control of the Mediterranean island Minorca. Through it all, King George was leery of any affairs with Russia, here noting his skepticism of the country and its tyranny, a “system that has neither justice, reason, nor policy for its foundation.” Pre-certified PSA/DNA and RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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Proclamation reporting the 1814 Treaty of Paris which forced the abdication of Napoleon 1716. King George III. Printed document, one page, 12.25 x 15, dated June 27, 1814, signed at the conclusion by sheriff’s Benjamin Bickley and Philip George. Document reads, in part: “Whereas a Definitive Treaty of Peace and Friendship between His Majesty and His Most Christian Majesty, hath been concluded at Paris, on the Thirtieth Day of May last… We do declare to all His Majesty’s loving Subjects Our Will and Pleasure, that the said Treaty of Peace and Friendship be observed inviolably, as well by Sea as Land… Given at the Court at Carleton House, the Seventeenth Day of June One thousand eight hundred and fourteen, and in the fifty-fourth Year of His Majesty’s Reign.” Document also bears George’s printed name, “George P. R.,” above the beginning of the text. Document having been professionally backed, intersecting folds, and scattered toning, staining, and foxing, otherwise very good condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Exemplary appointment from the Mad King 1717. King George III. Manuscript vellum DS, signed at the upper left, “George R,” one page, 16 x 12, August 27, 1777. Appointment of Arthur Holdsworth “to be Captain and governor…of Block-houses in Our Town and Port of Dartmouth in our County of Devon.” Triple-matted and framed with a small etched steel portrait and commemorative plaque to an overall size of 39 x 27. In fine condition, with heavy intersecting storage folds, and some scattered light toning, and wrinkling. The paper seal is crisp and intact. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

1718. King George III. Partly-printed vellum DS, signed

“George R.,” one page, 13.5 x 9.5, October 25, 1798. The King appoints Edward Nugent Gent to be Ensign in the Thirty Sixth Regiment of the Foot commanded by General Henry St. John. In very good condition, with three vertical folds, one lightly grazing the last letter of the signature, scattered toning and foxing, and a few light pencil notations. Seal is crisp and intact, as is the blue revenue stamp. Pre-certified PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

In the months following his appointment as the first president of the Continental Congress, Laurens reports on congressional acts to North Carolina governor, Richard Caswell 1719. Henry Laurens. South Carolina statesman (1724–1792) who was a delegate to the Continental Congress, third President of the Second Continental Congress, VicePresident of South Carolina, and Minister to Holland. Captured by the British Navy on a return trip from the Netherlands to the United States during the Revolutionary War, Laurens was imprisoned in the Tower of London until he was released in exchange for General Lord Cornwallis. Rare war-dated ALS signed “Henry Laurens, President of Congress,” one page, 8 x 13, March 19, 1778. Letter to North Carolina Gov. Richard Caswell. In full: “I beg leave to refer Your Excellency to my last letter of the 14th Inst. which I sent under the protection of General Scott. The present cover will convey to your Excellency an Act of Congress of the 16th for obtaining from each State in the Union proper information of the determination in each, respecting the Acts & Recommendations of Congress transmitted & to be transmitted from & after the 1st November 1777.” Reverse bears an address panel in another hand to “His Excellency Richard Caswell Esquire, Governor of No. Carolina at New Bern,” and franked in the upper right, “On public service, Henry Laurens.” Letter has been professionally inlaid to a slightly larger sheet and has also been professionally cleaned. In very good condition, with aforementioned cleaning, previous folds, a uniform shade of mild toning, a hint of minor soiling, show-through from address panel on reverse, and a few trivial edge chips. Hailing from the beginning months of the Continental Congress, this letter, dated March 19, 1778, references Laurens’ “last letter of the 14th,” and provides a paper trail during a seeming five-day cyclical update. His letter of the 14th, which also references a previous letter dated the 9th, details the following two Acts of Congress: “1. Of the 11th for defraying expenses incurred by carrying into execution the Act of this 9th Febry for suspending or removing supernumerary or delinquent officers,” and “2. Of the 12th Recommending to the several States, to keep constantly in Congress during the War at least three members.” This communication was sent as Washington’s troops were seeing the first signs of spring, and with it, a renewed spirit after their harrowing journey to Valley Forge just months before. A remarkable example of the earliest reports from Congress, as Laurens had just recently assumed the position as its first president on November 1, 1777. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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Rare original Revolutionary War-era watercolor portrait of Charles Lee 1720. Charles Lee. British soldier turned Virginia planter (1732-1782) and

Continental Army officer in the Revolutionary War. Lee is most notorious for his actions during the Battle of Monmouth, where he disobeyed orders from George Washington and retreated directly into the general and his advancing troops, earning Lee a public rebuke. Lee was court-martialed for ‘inappropriate language’ and relieved of command for one year. Extremely rare original watercolor and ink portrait of Charles Lee, circa 1775, by an unknown artist, measuring 9.25 x 12.5, and inset to an off-white 17 x 21.75 sheet. Done by an unknown artist, the lower border bears a pencil notation which reads, “Original drawing from which the mezzotint was taken.” Lee appears in full dress uniform, standing in front of a fort from which two cannons are firing, with a flag in the background which reads, “An Appeal to Heaven.” Scattered toning, soiling, and dampstaining to borders, several repaired tears to borders, and a small tape remnant to top edge, otherwise fine condition. This appears to be the original watercolor for Shepherd’s print of Tomlinson’s portrait of General Charles Lee. This extremely rare watercolor gives a remarkable insight into the process of eighteenth century print production by showing the sketch like painting model which the artist would have produced as a basis for the published print. RRAuction COA.…(MB $300)

Writing from his British prison cell in 1778, Major General Charles Lee tries to arrange a prisoner exchange of a Patriot for a Loyalist 1721. Charles Lee. Revolutionary War-dated

ALS, one page, 6.25 x 7.75, March 22, 1778. Lee writes from British-occupied New York City to John Thomas in Bedford, New York, concerning a prisoner exchange. In full: “Mr. Nehemiah Marshal of N. Rochelle has been let out on his parole and will be totally liberated but on condition that Isaac Gidney of Rye Neck is exchanged for him–this Gidney is suppos’d to be Prisoner at Hartford in Connecticut. As I am engagd in honors and as Mr Marshal is so importantly interested in it I must request that you will address a letter on the Subject to Hartford in my name–and request that Gidney may be immediately sent into N York and you will oblige, Sir, your Most Obedt humble Servt.” Detached second integral page bears an address panel in Lee’s hand. A few partial separations to intersecting folds to letter, scattered toning and foxing, and light creasing. Second integral page is soiled, with areas of paper loss and tape repairs to folds, otherwise very good condition. John Thomas, the recipient of this letter, was a member of the ‘Committee who represent the Inhabitants of West Chester County.’ Isaac Gidney, referenced here by Lee as he was held in British hands, was a Rye loyalist who was among those who had earlier signed a resolution declaring their ‘great desire and full resolution to live and die peaceable subjects to our gracious sovereign King George the Third, and his laws.’ Despite Lee’s efforts here to exchange Gidney for another prisoner and provision “that Gidney may be immediately sent into N York,” he did not return to the British-occupied city. Rather, he went to his home in Mamaroneck…where he was soon recaptured by American troops. An intriguing ‘behind the scenes’ look at prisoners of war during the revolution. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

1722. Charles. Lee. Engraving from Barnard’s New Complete & Authentic History of England, 9.5 x 14.5, entitled ‘The American General Lee taken Prisoner by Lieutenant Colonel Harcourt of the English Army, in Morris Country, New Jersey, 1776,’ featuring Lee being led from his home by Harcourt. In very good condition, with scattered toning and foxing, a rough left edge, a tear to the right edge, and paper loss to the bottom edge. RRAuction COA.… (MB $100)

1724. Lewis and Clark. Booklet

entitled ‘A Camera Journey to the Lewis and Clark Centennial Expedition, Portland, Oregon, Opens June 1st, Closes Oct. 15th, 1905,’ 47 pages, 5.25 x 7, featuring the story of the expedition, highlighted by artist renderings of the landmarks that peppered the famed journey. In fine condition, with light wear to the cover. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Benjamin Chew is appointed chief justice of Pennsylvania’s Supreme Court after England declares war on the American Colonies 1723. Levy, Chew, Swift, and Stuart. Manuscript DS, one page, 19.25 x 25, December 31, 1774. Indenture agreement between Samuel Hudson and Tobias Rudolph, signed at the bottom by Benjamin Chew, Moses Levy, Joseph Swift, and James Stuart. Affixed to the left side of the indenture is another manuscript DS, signed “John Penn,” one page, 8 x 13, dated January 31, 1775. Penn’s document attests “I do hereby certify that Benjamin Chew…now is the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the said Province of Pennsylvania duly and legally appointed.” Signed at the conclusion by Penn and countersigned by Joseph Shippen, Jr. In very good condition, with intersecting folds to both documents, light fading to Chew’s and Stuart’s signatures, writing on indenture a couple shades light but still completely legible, and light creasing and wrinkling. The red wax seals are cracked, but mostly intact. Ten days prior to the Hudson-Rudolph indenture agreement signed by Jewish plantation owner Levy, attorney Swift, Stuart, and Chew, England banned all trade with the American colonies with the passing of The Prohibitory Act of 1774, establishing a naval blockade at Colonial ports to quell the growing rebellion by disrupting trade. This act officially declared war on the colonies and marked the beginning of the American Revolutionary War. The second document attested to Chew’s legal appointment and was countersigned by Penn and Secretary of Pennsylvania Shippen. Chew was a prominent Philadelphia lawyer and the head of Pennsylvania’s Judiciary System when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Province of Pennsylvania on January 31, 1775. Raised as a Quaker, Chew supported the colonies but opposed independence, believing that resolution of the differences between the colonies and the British Parliament lay in legal reform not conflict. While he spoke publicly of British abuses, his pacifism caused the colonials to question his loyalties and his liberty was restricted in 1776. At the end of the war, Chew, a firm believer in the legal process, helped the Founding Fathers draft the United States Constitution and The Bill of Rights free of charge. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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Lewis, acting as Jefferson’s private secretary, invites Dolley Madison and “such other ladies as Mrs. M. may think proper” for evening festivities 1725. Meriwether Lewis. ALS signed “M. Lewis,” one page, 7.75 x 5, February 10, 1802. As secretary to Thomas Jefferson, Lewis extends

an invitation to Dolley Madison, in full: “The President through me presents his most respectful compliments to Mrs. Madison and assures her he will be very happy in the company of herself and such other ladies as Mrs. M. may think proper to bring with her this evening—Wednesday. Feb. 10. 1802. M. Lewis.” Lewis also pens “Mrs. Madison” on the reverse. In very good condition, with evidence of professional repairs and reinforcements (primarily to the integral leaf), light intersecting folds, scattered areas of light soiling, some trivial foxing, and the text a bit light, but completely legible. President Jefferson entered the White House in 1801 as a widower, and for social occasions he relied on friend Dolley Madison, the wife of his secretary of state, as his hostess. She was often accompanied by her charming, younger sister Anna, who was described as “a belle of Washington society…she so impressed Thomas Jefferson that he always chose her as his hostess for social events if Dolley was not available.” Anna was probably one of the “such other ladies” whose company Jefferson preferred to attend the February 10 party. Lewis served as the president’s private secretary from Jefferson’s inauguration until he left to lead the expedition that bears his, and William Clark’s, names. A Virginian, Lewis had known Jefferson since childhood and resided at the White House, performing a wide range of duties which included organizing the president’s social calendar and arranging elegant dinner parties prepared by a French culinary staff. In 1804, Jefferson chose his old friend to lead the transcontinental expedition that explored the Louisiana Purchase from 1804-1806, and the president named him Governor of the Louisiana Territory in 1807. Two years later Lewis would be found at Grinder’s Stand, an inn on the Natchez Trace, with multiple gunshot wounds…a death that remains a mystery. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $1000)

The Dawning of America

Major Lincoln heads back to Boston after accepting the pinnacle surrender at Yorktown 1726. Benjamin Lincoln. Major general in the Continental Army (1733–1810) during the American Revolutionary War, known for being the officer who formally accepted the British surrender at Yorktown. ALS signed “B. Lincoln,” one page both sides, 7.75 x 12.5, November 24, 1784. Lincoln writes from Boston to Virginia lawyer, William Lyles, in part: “I have not a doubt but the expence attending the warehouse rent was indisputably necessary or otherwise it would never have taken place. For the same reason I acquiesce in all the charges of disbursement you have made. I expect Captain Clark will sail again for Alexandria about the middle for December, perhaps before I have it in contemplation to fill his hold with white pine board. If this should not take place, he shall sail by the 10th of next month.” Address panel on reverse of second integral page penned in Lincoln’s hand. In very good condition, with light intersecting folds, lightly affecting the first letter of the signature, uniform toning, some light scattered soiling, show-through from the writing on reverse, a few small areas of restored paper along the left edge, two small separations at the right edge, a few strips of reparative tape along the folds on the second integral page, and two shadowed areas from a wax seal. Just one month prior, Lincoln was denied the honor of surrendering to British troops in South Carolina, legislature opting to negotiate with the enemy to allow them passage through the state. He then rejoined Washington’s army, leading the men to Virginia where he would become an integral figure in the surrender at Yorktown. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1727. Robert R. Livingston, Jr. Book entitled The

Grants, Concessions, and Original Constitutions of the Province of New-Jersey. First edition. Philadelphia: 1758. Leatherbound hardcover, 7.5 x 11.5, 763 pages. This copy was a gift from James Parker to Robert R. Livingston, Jr., with Parker signing and inscribing on the title page, “Robt R. Livingston, Junr:- being presented to him by James Parker, Esqr: 1772.” Book contains an important compilation of charters, concessions, patents, and laws from the proprietary era of West and East Jersey through 1702, when New Jersey became a royal colony. Includes The Concession and Agreement of the Lords Proprietors of the Province of New-Caesarea, or New-Jersey; The Concessions and Agreements of the Proprietors, Freeholders and Inhabitants of the Province of West New-Jersey; and The Fundamental Constitutions for the Province of East New Jersey. In very good condition, with scattered minor foxing, light dampstaining affecting the last four leaves of the index in the rear; small circular defect on the upper cover, short tear at the head of the backstrip, and a bump to the bottom edge of the upper cover. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $500)

1728. Robert Livingston, Sr. Lawyer, politician, diplomat from New York, and a Founding Father of the United States (1746–1813). Ink signature, “Robt Livingston,” on an off-white 4.25 x 2.5 slip clipped from the closing of a letter. Light intersecting folds, uniform shade of toning, and some light surface rubbing over signature, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

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The 3rd Lord of Livingston Manor writes to a relative concerning an infringement upon his water rights

1729. Robert Livingston, Sr. ALS signed “Rob Livingston,” one page both sides, 7.5 x 9.5, October 16, 1779. Letter, written from Manor Livingston, to an unknown relation. In part: “Am really surprised to find you entertain an opinion that our Honored Grandfather had bequeathed more to his son Robert then what is expressed in his will…. he has bound that part of the manor he gave him… by the south side of the creek which surely cannot be construed…. to be the cent of the streem [sic], wherefore I always have, & still do hold the whole & intire creek to be my property….” He goes on to spell out in details his rights with regard to water for the mills and his right to make or repair dams. He also challenges the claim to “an exclusive right to Dauphneis Falls and those above Dyckmans…” The tone grows increasingly adamant as he warns his cousin (?) not to “build other mills then saw mills…I must think it my duty… to obstruct all such other buildings… I have no intention to leave it either to arbitration or an amicable suit.” Reverse of second integral page bears ink notations on several points of law pertaining to the will, with a pencil notation next to notes, stating, “Probably in Aaron Burr’s hand,” although he did not begin his law practice until 1782. In very good condition, with horizontal folds, scattered toning and foxing, and a couple of pencil notations. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Informing Mrs. Isaac Coller of the death of her husband, due to smallpox, at Valley Forge 1730. Josiah Long. War-dated ALS, one page, 6.5 x 8, April 2, 1778. Letter, written from “Camp Valley Forge,” to the wife of Isaac Coller. In full: “This is a Disagreeable Task to me that I am Calld upon to Pen these Lines that must Bring Suchey Mallincolley News to you. Nothing Less Does these Bring than the Mallincolley Sound of Death—your Husband Departed this Life this Morning about 8 oClock and was Decently Buried this Evening this no doubt must be Heavy News to You and your Children–But may God of his Inifinite Mercy Support you under you afflictions and trials and give you Grace and wisdom to Consider from whence those afflictions came and Cause you to Say with Holy Job the Lord Gave and therfor taketh way and Blessed be his Name–I Heartyly by Condole with you on the Loss of a Husban which no Doubt was Dear to you and your Children But Sence he is no more I hope you may yet Finde Such Necessary assistance as you will Hand in need of Both of a Spiritual and Temperal Nature and that you may be Carried Safe through This Troublesom world and at Last Land in the world of Shineing Bliss is the herby Prayer of your unknown Friend and Humble Servt.” Brief postscript at the top of the second integral page reads, “N.B. Mr. Coller Died with the Small Pox.” Reverse of second integral page also bears an address panel in another hand. Both pages have been professionally silked. Aforementioned silking, scattered small areas of repaired paper loss, a few other small repairs, uniform moderate toning, and scattered foxing, otherwise very good condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $500)

The Dawning of America

Front page printing of the “Louisiana Treaty” only weeks after its ratification

1731. Louisiana Purchase. A rare front page printing of the Louisiana Purchase Treaty in the November 5, 1803, issue of the Providence Phoenix, 11.5 x 18, four sides on two adjoined pages. Titled “Louisiana Treaty,” this front page printing of the treaty celebrates the news of its ratification in the Senate on October 20, 1803, by a vote of 24 to 7: “We congratulate our fellow-citizens on the prompt approbation given by the Senate to this important Act. The treaty, as advised to be ratified by the Senate, and which we have no doubt will in a short time receive the final ratification of the President of the United States.” The printed names of Robert Livingston and James Monroe are at the end of the printed treaty. The full printing of the treaty, unusually placed on the front page that was normally reserved for advertisements, was printed only two months before the final transfer of sovereignty over the vast new territory. Central horizontal fold, scattered edge tears and chips, uniform toning, and some scattered foxing, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

“We have heard reports here that our people have killed and taken a number of the enemy. If it be true you will be easy at Albany” 1732. John Lynn. ALS, one page,

8.25 x 12.25, July 25, 1777. Lynn writes from the Continental Village to Major Quackenbush in Albany, in part: “Near the church…we have heard reports here that our people have killed and taken a number of the enemy. If it be true you will be easy at Albany. Most of the troops are marching toward Philadelphia, as the enemy is moving that way.” In very good condition, with intersecting folds, one of which passes through a single letter of the signature, a few light areas of soiling, with an area of heavy soiling towards the bottom right corner, along with some light paper loss, and a few stray spots of ink. Precertified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1733. Map of Part of Rhode Island.

Hand-colored map fully entitled “Map of Part of Rhode Island showing the positions of American and British Armies at the Siege of Newport and the subsequent action on the 29th of August 1778,” 8 x 10.25, with “Engraved by J. Yeager,” printed in the lower border. Map shows the Rhode Island coast, encampments, the British Line near Newport, and General Lafayette’s position near Barrington. Tape repair to reverse of a complete separation along central horizontal fold, uniform toning, paper loss to lower right corner, and mirroring of map from folding, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $150)

War of 1812 enlistment bounty receipt 1734. Isaac Morgan. Scarce partly-printed DS, one page, 7.75

x 2.5, February 18, 1814. Original War of 1812 United States Army Enlistment Bounty Receipt to Isaac Morgan for Fifty Dollars. In full: “Received of Lieut. Levi Powers of the 31st Regt. United States Army, this Eighteenth day of February 1814, fifty dollars, in part of my bounty for enlisting into the army of the United States for During the War.” A few vertical folds, and some light soiling and wrinkling, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Riveting content direct from the Siege of Boston in 1775 1735. New England Chronicle and Gazette. New England

Chronicle and Gazette, dated Thursday, October 12 to Thursday, October 19, 1775, Vol. VIII, Numb. 377, four pages, 9.75 x 15, packed with war news written during the Siege of Boston, and printed in Cambridge by Samuel and Ebenezar Hall from a Harvard College dormitory that still stands today. In very good condition, with light creasing, toning, scattered soiling and spotting, rough edges, a few small binder holes along the left edge, and an old faded name penned at the top left corner. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America 81

News of the Articles of Confederation make front-page news on a 1779 issue of the New Jersey Gazette

1736. New Jersey Gazette. New Jersey Gazette

dated Wednesday, June 23, 1779, Volume II, Numb. 81, four pages, 9.25 x 14.25. Features front-page news concerning the delegates from Virginia and Maryland being authorized to approve the Articles of Confederation, the precursor to the Constitution; the subject of runaway slaves, and General George Washington. In very good condition, with light creasing, uniform toning and some light spotting, a light area of soiling at the right edge, and two tiny binder holes along the left edge. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Broadside in support of wealthy New York landowner Stephen Van Rensselaer for election to Chief Magistrate of Albany 1737. New York. Printed broadside,

issued “To the Electors of the State of New York,” one page, 9 x 16, March 3, 1801, Albany, addressed to “Fellow Citizens!” Broadside reads, in small part: “the period for which our present Chief Magistrate was elected to office being nearly expired and he having signified his intention to retire to private life, it will soon become necessary for the citizens of this state… to provide a successor to that important station… we the General Committee of the citizens of Albany… respectfully recommend… and support Stephen Van Rensselaer.” Broadside continues on with a lengthy endorsement of Van Rensselaer’s reputation and character. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, uniform toning, scattered light wrinkling and creasing, and two small tape remnants to top edge on reverse. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Fragment of the Varian Tree, one of the lost trees of Manhattan 1738. New York City. A sizable piece of wood, 6 x 4. and 1 1/4 in. thick, a relic from the Varian Tree which was cut down by the City of New York in 1880. The original owner affixed a newspaper clipping to the smooth portion of the relic that reads: “THE VARIAN TREE --The veteran tree planted by a member of the old Huguenot Varian family, on Broadway, opposite what is now known as 1,151 Broadway, is gradually falling before the axes of the men employed under the direction of Superintendent Ward of the Bureau of Lands and Places. Last night its last branch was razed to the ground before the workmen knocked off. The trunk, which still stands will be attacked at three o’clock this morning, and by daylight not a vestige of the veteran will remain.” Wood originates from the John S. Reigart Collection of Historical American Relics. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

1739. Robert Niles. Captain of the Schooner Spy, part of the Connecticut navy and one of the earliest ships in the developing American navy. Niles is credited in naval annals with capturing the first prize taken on the high-seas in the war. Receipt, 8.5 x 3.5 dated September 16, 1775, in which Niles receives seven casks of powder “being for government services.” A central horizontal crease, scattered toning, small separations at each edge of the crease, and a trimmed bottom edge, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

The Dawning of America

The great Faden Map of the Trenton–Princeton campaign, including Washington’s crossing of the Delaware 1740. Operations of General Washington. Very detailed map entitled “Plan of the Operations of General Washington, against the King’s troops in New Jersey, from the 26th, of December, 1776, to the 3d. January 1777 by William Faden,” 15.75 x 12, with “London. Publsh’d according to Act of Parliament 15th April 1777 by Wm. Faden, Corner of St. Martin’s Lane, Charing Cross.” Map illustrating the Theater of War northeast of the Delaware River, illustrating two important early American victories at Trenton and Princeton, which helped gain critical support and momentum for the American Revoution. Map also shows McKenky’s Crossing on the Delaware River, as noted by Faden’s annotation “parade of the troops on the evening of the 25th of Decr. 1776.” Matted to an overall size of 21.75 x 18. Light previous storage folds, and mild toning to upper right corner, otherwise fine condition.

By late 1776, Washington’s forces had been defeated in Boston and overwhelmed in New York by the British Navy, whose massive invasion of the city forced the Americans on the defensive. In December, 1776, the British had seized Newport, Rhode Island. By this time, the British Commander-in-Chief, Sir William Howe, had launched a successful invasion of New Jersey, which forced Washington to retreat to his winter quarters at Newtown, Pennsylvania, shown on the left side of Faden’s map. Washington realized that many troops would not renew their service contracts which were set to expire at year’s end and that dramatic action was required to turn the tide. On Christmas Day, while the British troops and Hessian mercenaries were celebrating the holiday, Washington, as noted by Faden’s annotation “parade of the troops on the evening of the 25th of Decr. 1776,” marched his troops to the banks of the Delaware River and in a scene immortalized in Emanuel Leutze’s iconic painting Washington Crossing the Delaware (1851), led his force of 2,400 across the river at “McKenky’s Ferry,” near Trenton, which was held by a force of 1,400 Hessians under Col. Johann Rall. As illustrated by Faden, Washington divided his force into two prongs, one commanded by John Sullivan and the other by Nathaniel Greene. The two forces attacked and defeated the Hessians, with Faden noting the casualties by regiment, rank and role in the table “Loss of Trenton.” On December 30th, a British force under Lord Cornwallis attacked the Americans at Trenton, but failed to retake the town. Washington left a token force in the town to light numerous campfires, fooling Cornwallis into thinking that Washington had decided to make a stand in Trenton. In reality, over the next couple of days the Americans stealthily moved most of their forces around the British positions. Washington dispatched a force under Greene to proceed up the main highway leading into Princeton, with the objective of diverting the British from being able to check a larger force under Sullivan which was to attack the town from the west. In all 4,600 American troops were to advance upon a British force. Greene’s advance brigade under Col. Hugh Mercer encountered formidable resistance from a British line under Col. Charles Mawhood. While Mercer was killed and Mawhood broke the American lines, the British were unable to hold the town from Sullivan’s force. On January 3, 1777, the Americans seized the British headquarters at Nassau Hall at the College of New Jersey (now Princeton). The Princeton to Maidenhead battle casualties are noted by Faden. Cornwallis realized that he had been tricked and tried to move his force towards Princeton, but was delayed as the key bridge over Stoney Creek had been sabotaged by the Americans. The Americans withdrew from Princeton to Somerset Courthouse (now Millstone), while the British retreated through a deserted Princeton to the relative security of New Brunswick. In sum, Washington’s bold strategy had succeeded in restoring the morale of his force, who had survived the massive British invasion to carry the Revolution into the next campaign season and preserved the cause long enough to demonstrate and allow the Americans to continue appealing to the French for support during 1777, which would lead to France’s recognition of the United States in February 1778 and Britain’s declaration of War on France in March 1778. RRAuction COA.…(MB $500)

The Dawning of America 83

“The Troops are now landing at Charlestown from Boston” A battlefield dispatch of the British advancement on Bunker Hill, docketed by John Hancock 1741. Azor Orne. Colonel in the militia before the start of the Revolution (1731–1796). In 1775, he and fellow Marbleheaders Elbridge Gerry and Jeremiah Lee joined John Hancock and Samuel Adams on the Massachusetts Committee of Safety. He later served in the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention and the Massachusetts State Senate. Historically-exciting ALS signed “Azor Orne p’ ord,” one page, 7.25 x 4.75, June 17, 1775. Brief letter to General John Thomas, headed at the top, “In Committee of Safety.” In full: “Sir, the Troops are now landing at Charlestown from Boston[.] You are to Judge whether this is designd to deceive or not[.] In haste leave you to judge of the Nesesaty of your movements.” Reverse bears an address panel in another hand, “To Genl John Thomas at Roxbury,” and also docketed in the hand of John Hancock, “From the Committee of Safety.” In very good condition, with professional repairs to previous horizontal separations, repaired paper loss to both right corners, one affecting two letters of Orne’s closing and the beginning of Hancock’s docketing, and restoration to portions of two letters. Following the Battles of Lexington and Concord, the Continental Congress adopted the Massachusetts militia and formed the Continental Army with Washington as its commander. That battle was the start of the Siege of Boston. On the day this letter was written, Orne and Hancock looked out and saw the British as they fired incendiary shots and began marching on and burning Charlestown as part of another offensive attempt to gain strategic positions on the hills surrounding the city. This letter was quickly dispatched to advise Thomas of the situation so that he might have the information necessary to decide whether to hold his position or join Prescott’s forces. This was the Battle of Bunker Hill. Whether heeding this warning or for other reasons, Thomas opted to keep his troops defending Dorcester Heights instead of coming to Prescott’s aid. It was from this position almost a year later that, with a cannon Henry Knox brought from Fort Ticonderoga, Thomas would fire upon the British fleet in the harbor forcing them to evacuate Boston and end the eleven month-long siege. This a fascinating piece of correspondence regarding one of the revolution’s most famous battles as it was happening; signed by Azor, who was elected to the First Continental Congress, and docketed by Hancock who would later serve as its president. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $1000)

The Dawning of America

Notoriously scarce letter from Thomas Paine

1742. Thomas Paine. British-

born American patriot and social philosopher (1737–1809) whose writings, most notably the pamphlets Common Sense (1776) and The American Crisis (1776–77) provided an impassioned, eloquent, and highly influential argument for the cause of American independence. His Rights of Man (1791), in which he expounds on liberty and human equality, provided a similar impetus to the French Revolution, while his Age of Reason (1794–95), which took a skeptical, radically rational view of the Bible and made him a pariah, has come to be recognized as a seminal work of its kind. Extremely rare ALS signed “T. Paine,” one page, 6.75 x 8.25, February 27, 1783. Letter to Robert Morris. In full: “I just now reached this place after a most troublesome and fatiguing Journey of bad weather and bad roads—and to add to the difficulties of it I feel Ill of a fever which detained me in a little Dutch House destitute of every convenience for ten days. I shall stay in this place a day or two and hope after that to see you well in Philadelphia - Please to present my Compts to Mr G–M–and Mr Livingstone [sic].” Reverse of second integral page bears an address panel in Paine’s hand to “Honble Robt Morris Esquire, Philadelphia,” and is also docketed by Morris, “Dorden Town, 27 Feby. 1783, Thos Paine Esqr.” The transmittal sheet also bears a note of provenance by Robert W. Landis, Hillsdale, N.J., dated Nov. 1, 1851, which reads: “This letter was presented to me by Miss Sally Morris granddaughter of Robert Morris; & I have consented to part with it to Mr. Davies only with the view of rendering more perfect his invaluable collection of autographs …”Landis also adds a note, partially covering Paine’s handwriting on the address panel noting that the docketing was in the hand of Robert Morris. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, a couple lightly passing through Paine’s signature, wax seal remnant to left side of page, as well as some light toning and foxing, a uniform shade of mild toning, and wax seal remnants to address page. In February of 1783, Paine was most likely returning from his harrowing efforts in Rhode Island to persuade the state to adopt a 5% duty on all imported article, a tax made payable to Congress. His efforts were staunchly refused, and Paine endured “a most troublesome and fatiguing Journey of bad weather and bad roads.” A spirited muckraker, his efforts to infuse the ideals and philosophies of colonialism into the nations publications, although some surmised that he served as a mere puppet for the motivations of George Washington, Robert Morris, and Robert Livingston, through whom he was contracted from February of 1782 through December of 1783. John Adams himself made the bold statement, “Without the pen of the author of Common Sense, the sword of Washington would have been raised in vain.” However, Paine denounced such accusations, pronouncing, in the truest fashion of the earliest investigative journalists, that he expressed only those sentiments and ideologies in which he firmly believed. This letter comes to us two months after the completion of his contract, and his most influential writings, years before. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $1000)

The Dawning of America 85

Exceptionally scarce and impeccable set of six spoons, crafted by Bostonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s renowned silversmith Paul Revere

The Dawning of America

1743. Paul Revere. Set of six silver tablespoons, circa 1790–1800, each containing slightly more than two ounces of silver and measuring 1.75 x 9. All spoons feature the monogram “DMS” in foliate script initials on the downturned rounded-end handle, and an engraved “Revere” on the reverse of each stem. The initials are those of a prominent colonial Massachusetts couple, Daniel Sargent and Mary Turner Sargent, and the set comes housed in a cloth S. J. Shrubsole silverware sleeve. In fine condition, with some expected trivial scuffing. Paul Revere was, first and foremost, a celebrated silversmith. This particular set was specifically commissioned for Daniel and Mary Turner Sargent, both of whom left their mark on Massachusetts. Sargent heralded from a family rich with affluent Boston merchants and ship owners; he would go on to lead the effort in the construction of Long Wharf, serve in the Massachusetts state legislature and senate, and was the first captain in the Boston Light Infantry. His wife, Mary Turner Sargent, was born in Salem and resided in the home that inspired Nathaniel Hawthorne’s 1851 novel, The House of Seven Gables; she was also the subject of a famed 1763 John Singleton Copley oil portrait. Together, the Sargents would create a legacy of seven children, including celebrated writers Henry Sargent and Lucius Manlius Sargent. This coveted set of spoons originate from noted silversmith George Gebelein, an avid admirer and collector of Revere’s silver work, who acquired them in 1938. A matching set of six spoons of this caliber and condition is exceptionally rare, especially those bearing such exemplary provenance that have traveled together for 220 years. RRAuction COA.…(MB $10000) John Singleton Copley’s renowned portrait of Mrs. Daniel Sargent, that now hangs at the Fine Arts Museum in San Francisco as part of the John D. Rockefeller collection.

The Dawning of America 87

“I cannot suffer the mail to pass without obtruding on your grief & joining my tears with yours…on the loss of a mother so amiable” 1744. Samuel A. Otis. Statesman from Massachusetts (1740–1814) who was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention. ALS signed “Sam A. Otis,” one page both sides, 8 x 10, January 5, 1811. Letter to William Sumner upon the death of his mother. In part: “I cannot suffer the mail to pass without obtruding on your grief & joining my tears with yours & those of your weeping sisters, on the loss of a mother so amiable, & of a lady who to her friends & acquaintances became so endeared by all estimable qualities. The tender hearts of the poor young ladies, twice orphaned, must be deeply pierced. But to you & to them what avail the small consolations of my sincerest sympathy? Those of religion & the healing hand of time can only mitigate the anguish of such wounds…she is gone to join her sister Seraphs in the mansions of peace and felicity—Where pain & death shall know no more.” Second integral page bears a free franked address panel in Otis’s hand, franked in the upper right, “Free Sam A. Otis.” Intersecting folds, mild toning, and show-through from writing on opposite side, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Rare first British edition, first issue of Paine’s historic Common Sense

1745. Thomas Paine. Printed pamphlet, Common Sense, First British edition, first issue: 5.75 x 9, 54 pages. Book is lacking first signature including title page, half-title, and introduction. Stitched with, as issued: [James Chalmers] Plain Truth: Addressed to the Inhabitants of America. Containing Remarks on a late Pamphlet, Intitled Common Sense: Wherein are shewn, that the Scheme of Independence is ruinous, delusive, and impracticable…Written by Candidus. London: J. Almon, 1776. Gimbel CS-210. Includes Rationalis & Extract from the Second Letter to the People of Pennsylvania; being that Part of it which relates to Independency. Aforementioned missing pages, pencil notation to first page, scattered toning and dampstaining, edge and corner wear to pages, and some light page rippling, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1746. Pamphlet 1773. Pamphlet with

original binding, entitled “An Oration Upon the Beauties of Liberty, Of the Essential Rights of the Americans, Delivered at the Second Baptist Church in Boston, Humbly dedicated to the Right-Honourable Earl of Dartmouth.” Third Edition, Published by T. Green in New London, CT, 23 pages, 5 x 7.25, featuring the names of various owners on various pages. In good condition, with moderate toning with scattered spotting, rough edges with scattered tearing, and the expected wear from use. RRAuction COA.…(MB $2007

1747. Parts of Virginia...Southern Armies. Hand-colored map fully entitled “A

Map of those parts of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, & Georgia, which were the scenes of the most important Operations of the Southern Armies. Compiled by S. Lewis.” 11 x 17, with “Engraved for the Life of Washington, Plate VIII,” printed in the upper border, and “Published by C. P. Wayne, Philadelphia,” printed in the lower border. Lightly trimmed edges, tape repairs to a couple small tears, and tape repairs and reinforcement to reverse of a central horizontal fold, otherwise fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Relic from the tree that stood witness to Penn’s treaty with the Lenape Native Americans 1748. William Penn. A carved cy-

lindrical wooden piece, with turned edges, 1.25” tall, and 1.5” diameter being a relic of the tree that William Penn and Lenape Chief Tamanend made their Treaty of Friendship in 1682. The venerable elm tree, which stood at Shackamaxon on the Delaware river was felled in a storm on March 5, 1810. After the tree fell, much of the wood was salvaged, and much of it made into relic souvenirs by local citizens concerned that the great event would be forgotten with the loss of the tree. Wood originates from the John S. Reigart Collection of Historical American Relics. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

1749. Pennsylvania Evening Post. Pennsylvania Eve-

ning Post, dated Saturday, July 27, 1776, Vol. II, Num. 237, four pages, 7.75 x 9.5. Issue features the headline, “A succinct Account of the Constitution of the free and independent State of Connecticut,” and making mention of General George Washington and John Hancock on page three. In very good condition, with light creasing along the left edge, uniform toning with heavier areas along the edges, scattered light spotting, and a few small tears to the left edge along with two small binder holes. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1750. Plan of the Battle Fought Near Camden. Interesting map entitled “Plan

of the Battle Fought near Camden, August 16th, 1780,” 7.75 x 10.25, with “Engraved for Stedman’s History of the American War, Jan. 20th, 1794.” Map shows British and American troop placements and fortifications, with one area labeled “Flight of the Americans.” In very good condition, with uniform toning, horizontal folds to top and bottom borders, and scattered toning and foxing. Map also bears a Birmingham Library stamp. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Exceptionally intact canteen used during America’s fight for independence!

1752. Revolutionary Artifact. Revolutionary War-era wooden

canteen, 4.75 height x 8 in diameter, encompassed by two metal bands. Expected weathering and wear from age and use, a missing plug for the drinking spout, and loose sideboards held in place by the metal bands, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1751 broadside explaining why Quakers do not use the given names of months or days of the week 1751. Quakers. Rare Broadside entitled, “Extract from the Epistle of the Meeting for Sufferings in London, dated the Sixth Day of the Seventh Month, 1751,” 16 x 20.25, and labeled at the bottom, “Philadelphia: Printed by Joseph Crukshank, in Third-street, opposite the Work-House.” Broadside begins, “We think it may be useful and expedient to revive in your remembrance some of the Motives which induced our Ancient Friends to forbear the vulgar Appellations of the Months and Days, and to observe in their Conversations and Writings of such Names as were agreeable to Scripture, and the Practice of good Men therein recorded…our Ancient Friends were conscientiously concerned to refrain from the Use of those Names of Months and Days which had been ascribed by way of Honour to the Idols of the Heathen, and in Conformity to their false Worships…” Listed is “A Brief Account of the Origin of the Names of some Months of the Year, and of all the days of the Week, now customarily and commonly used.” After listing only the first eight months, explaining that the last four months “still retain their numerical Latin Names,” it is pointed out that “As the Idolatrous Romans thus gave Names to several of the Months in Honour of their pretended Deities: So the like Idolatry prevailing among our Saxon Ancestors, induced them to call the Days of the Week by the Name of the Idol which on that Day they peculiarly worshipped.” The origin of the names of the days of the week are explained as worshipping the Sun, the Moon, the idols Tuisco, Woden, and Thor, an ‘imaginary Goddess’ called Friga, and Saturn. The entire broadside has been professionally silked on for preservation, strengthening the previously torn and missing portions at the separated folds which affected some of the text. Written on the reverse in an unknown hand, are 18 unsigned lines with medical content, including illnesses and possible remedies, penned by a patient, and reads, in part: “I was taken with the Dropsey in the 10th Mo. 1783 and in November following I was so much swelled as to be almost incapable of helping myself–my Doctor had tried every thing without Success, except tapping which I refused.” In good condition, with aforementioned silking, paper loss along edges and folds, scattered toning, soiling and creasing, and light show-through from writing on reverse. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200) The Dawning of America 89

1753. Revolutionary Soldiers. Booklet featuring lists of soldiers who received cartouche boxes, 3.5 x 8.25, and measuring 6.75 x 8.25 unfolded, 12 pages, June 8, 1778. “The Account of the Clothing Delivered to the Hon. Comisioned [sic] Officers and privates belonging to Capt. Bulls Troop of Light Dragoons in Col. Sheldons Mgt.” In very good condition, with scattered creasing, moderate toning and scattered soiling, heavier to the bottom corners, and scattered edge tears, areas of paper loss, and separation to the bottom hinge. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Massachusetts broadside concerning the state constitution 1754. Revolutionary War. Printed Massachusetts-Bay Constitutional Convention broadside, one page, 10 x 15, June 16, 1780. This scarce Revolutionary War-dated broadside notifies the public that they had voted for the adoption of the state constitution. In part: “Whereas, upon due Examination of the Returns made by the several Towns and Plantations within this State, it appears that more than Two-thirds of the Inhabitants thereof, who have voted on the same have expressed their Approbation of the Form of Government agreed upon by this Convention, and laid before them for their Consideration, in Conformity to a Resolve of the said Convention of the Second Day of March last: This Convention do hereupon declare the said Form to be The Constitution of Government established by and for the Inhabitants of the State of Massachusetts-Bay.” In very good condition, with a central horizontal fold reinforced on the reverse, several other intersecting folds, paper loss to left edge, and light wrinkling. The Massachusetts constitution is the longest lasting and still existing government Constitution in the history of man. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Historic 1767 circular that incited ‘revolution’ among enraged Boston colonists

1755. Revolutionary War. Printed circular letter, signed by the six Select Men of

Boston, one page, 12.25 x 7.75, dated October 31, 1767. The letter to the Select Men of Easton reads, in full: “In Compliance with the Orders of the Town it is our Honour to serve, WE inclose you their Votes, past the 28th Instant; and doubt not, as you tender your own Interest, and the Salvation of your Country, you will promote similar Measures so far as they may be consistent with the particular Circumstances of your Town. WE with the future Happiness of this Province, and general Welfare of the Whole Continent.” Signed at the conclusion “Joseph Jackson,” “Samuel Sewall,” “John Ruddock,” “Wm Phillips,” “Tim. Newell,” and “John Rowe” as Select Men of Boston. Reverse bears an address panel in an unknown hand to the Easton Select Men. In very good condition, with small separations along intersecting folds, one passing through small portions of each signature, scattered toning and soiling, and light wrinkling and creasing. This circular was in direct response to The Townshend Acts passed by the British Parliament in 1767, provisions that would spark the flame of revolution within the colonies. The acts levied taxed on lead, paint, glass, paper, and tea. At a monumental Town Meeting on October 28, 1767, Boston colonists made a crucial decision—if the British had the right to levy a tax on imports, then the colonists had a right to refuse to do business with them. From the seeds of this resistance came the famed phrase, “No taxation without representation.” A substantial list of of British items the colonists sought to boycott was compiled, and discussions regarding the local production of paper, glass, and linen ensued. Copies of these historic decisions were delivered to each Massachusetts town, including principle towns in other colonies, and all were accompanied by this letter, carrying the unified message: “Doubt not, as you tender your own Interest, and the Salvation of your Country, you will promote similar Measures so far as they may be consistent with the particular Circumstances of your Town. WE with the future Happiness of this Province, and general Welfare of the Whole Continent.” Such impassioned literature from the years leading up to the ultimate revolt hold unsurpassed value, harkening to the formation of our free nation.Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

The Dawning of America

In 1776, Minutemen from Lexington and Concord get compensation before defending Bunker Hill 1756. Revolutionary War. Revolutionary War dated manuscript DS, signed by 34 soldiers of

Capt. Luke Drury’s Company, one page, 7.75 x 12.25, February 9, 1776. The document reads, in part: “Recd of Capt. Luke Drury the full of all our Wages as Officers & Soldiers in his Company in Colo Wards Regt in the Continantal [sic] Army for the Months of November & December Last…We have likewise Re[c]d all the money due to us for milk Peas & Indian meal & Ration Money to Carey [sic] us home in full as witness our Hand…” The following signatures appear in the order they are listed on the document. Additional information from The History of Grafton by Frederick Clifton Pierce, Worcester County, Massachusetts, 1879, is added in brackets: “Edmund Dolbear [of Boston], Thaddeus Kemp [mark] [of Billerica; enlisted April 29, 1775], Thomas Leland, Jr., [Cpl.] Joseph Leland, [Cpl.] William Walker, William Evans, Moses Rawson, Joseph Plumley [of Alstead], Joseph Anthony [enlisted April 29, 1775; African-American], Eliphalet Smith [born in Suffield, CT; of Sandisfield], Matthias Rice, [Fifer] Zadock Putnam, [Sgt.] Ebenezer Phillips, [Drummer] Elijah Rice, [Sgt.] Shelomith Stow, Thomas Pratt, Eseck Dexter [Esek Dexter], Edward Buttridge [Edward Buttrick], Isaac Brigham, Zebulon Daniels, Forten Burnea [mark], Fortin Fortune, Fortunatus Burnee; African-American], [Sgt.] Nathan Morse, [1st Lt.] Asaph Sherman, Ebenezer Melendy, Simeon Dexter [of Cumberland], [Sgt.] Jonah Goulding, George Smith, Jonathan Hemenway [Jonathan Hemingway; of Framingham], Samuel Starns [Samuel Stearns], Ebenezer Wadsworth [mark] [of Alstead; guardian of above William Evans], Peter Butler, [2nd] Lt. Jonas Brown, Thomas Leland [Sr.], and John Banks [of Alstead].” At least 15 of the signers were Grafton, Massachusetts-area Minutemen who had responded to the Lexington-Concord Alarm on April 19-21, 1775, including Fortune Burnee, of African American and Native American heritage, joined by his half-brother, Joseph Anthony, who enlisted on April 29 and died in service. The other Minutemen signing are: Putnam, Morse, Brigham, Leland, Walker, Phillips, Goulding, Rice, Melendy, Stearns, Stow, Brigham, Butler, Walker, and Pratt. In very good condition, with a central horizontal and vertical fold, rough horizontal edges, a couple pinhole-size areas of paper loss to folds, and scattered toning. Drury had commanded a company of Minutemen since 1773, with many of his men fighting at the Battle of Bunker Hill in 1775. Most of his company re-enlisted once their term of service expired on January 1, 1776. Less than a month after this document was signed, some of these men likely took part in the March 4, 1776, overnight seizure of Dorchester Heights, a fight that forced the British to evacuate Boston. Unique in its own right, this document also bears the special attribute of having been signed by an African American solider serving in the integrated Massachusetts unit. Of the estimated 100,000 men who served in the Continental Army, at least 5,000 were blacks—both free men and slaves—holding posts such as soldiers, laborers, and servants. It is rare to find such a large number of Minutemen signatures on a single document. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

Incredibly scarce July 4, 1776, dated document 1757. Revolutionary War. Partly-printed Revolutionary War-

dated DS, one page, 7.5 x 3, July 4, 1776. A receipt from Ringwood, New Jersey, for iron bars which reads: “received 78 of Iron…which I promise to deliver to E W Kiers in eight Days Time; in Default, no Carriage to be paid, for which I have signed two receipts of one Tenor and Date.” A docket at the bottom indicates that the iron is “for Hallet the Chairmaker.” In very good condition, with vertical creases, small pinhole to left edge, and scattered light toning and foxing. Accompanied by a handwritten note, dating from the late 19th century, signed “J.B.S.” that reads: “E. W. Kiers was a quartermaster in the American Army and became a resident of Haverstraw where he had been stationed during the war. Great grandfather settled his estate aft Kiers death.” RRAuction COA.…(MB $300)

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“My fear of the Troops leaving the Town of Boston, which they did on the 17th day of March in such a precipitate manner as gave the friends of government only four or five days notice, which put them under the necessity of leaving almost everything they had” 1758. Revolutionary War. Collection of 21 nineteenth century fair copy letters, string

bound, ranging in date from 1776–1785, approximately 50 total pages, compiled by Alpheus Packard, from wealthy American-born physician and loyalist, Silvester Gardiner. A fair copy is, in this case, a near-contemporary copy, undoubtedly produced from the original. All pages measure approximately 8 x 10. The first letter, dated May 9, 1776, begins: “My fear of the Troops leaving the Town of Boston, which they did on the 17th day of March in such a precipitate manner as gave the friends of government only four or five days notice, which put them under the necessity of leaving almost everything they had. As no vessel or Seaman were to be found so suddenly to transport themselves with their effects, which threw them into the utmost distress; indeed the General gave them all the assistance he could by assigning them some places in the Transport, but then there was not room to carry off any of their effects, and but very little of their household furniture. And what they did was chiefly destroyed or stolen by the Soldiers or Sailors. On their arrival at this miserable place, it was with the greatest difficulty, they could get houses to screen themselves from the weather. Housed did I say, they hardly deserve the name. The wretched inhabitants took every advantage of our misfortunes.” Throughout the remainder of the letters Gardiner also writes of “the Rebellion;” the military leadership by the Howes; “this poor nation” of England (which has “not only the Americans to contend with but France & Spain”); and much more. In very good condition, with uniform toning, a few small tears to a couple of letters, and light show-through from writing on reverse of some of the pages. Silvester Gardiner (also Sylvester) (1708-1786) was a physician who became a wealthy merchant importing drugs to the colonies. Alpheus S. Packard, Sr. (1798 -1884) served as a faculty member of Bowdoin College for sixty-five years and was trained as a minister, educator and librarian. He also served as acting President of Bowdoin College the year before his death. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Fascinating pre-and-post war Rhode Island debt summons 1759.

Rhode Island. Two partly-printed DSs, both concerning individuals for debt owed, each measuring approximately 7.75 x 6.5, the first a May 25, 1775 summons from Rhode Island, requiring Charles Bawler pay “Nine shillings & Eleven Pence Lawful Money, together with 6 Pence for this Execution,” to Josiah Harris, signed at the conclusion by Justice of the Peace, Andrew Harris, and the second summons a November 27, 1783 summons, requiring Easick Eddy pay “Thirteen Shilling…together with Six Pence for this Execution,” to David Lues, bearing the same signature at the conclusion. Both documents bear docketing on the reverse. Each document bearing three vertical folds, uniform toning, scattered light spotting, some light mirroring, wax seal remnants, and slightly rough edges; and the first document bears a substantial separation to one of the folds, held together with a piece of reparative tape, otherwise very good condition. These documents herald from Rhode Island’s most prestigious period: the colony made history as the first to formally announce its independence on May 4, 1776, two full months before the Declaration was officiated. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

Rochambeau urges Governor Harrison to more closely enforce the trade terms of the Yorktown capitulation so that “Virginia may not furnish Newyork with provisions” 1760. Jean-Baptiste de Rochambeau. French military

officer (1725–1807) who made a substantial contribution to the American Revolution, including a leading role in the defeat of Lord Cornwallis at the Battle of Yorktown in 1781. LS signed “le cte de Rochambeau,” three pages on two adjoining sheets, 7.25 x 9, May 20, 1782. Letter to Virginia Governor Benjamin Harrison. In full: “I have the honor to send your Excellency a return of the flags which are now arrived at Hampton, under the pretext of coming to fetch Tobacco for merchandises, in consequence of the Capitulation of york. Their number just now is of ten sail, only two of which have passports signed by the Secretary of Congress, and consequently Lawfull. I must observe to your Excellency that General Washington has wrote to me about six weeks ago, that all the passports of the vessels coming on that errand, according to the Capitulation of york, would be signed by the Secretary of Congress; I see there are only two that are so, and your Excellency with the Council will please to give orders for the others, as you will judge most convenient. I must likewise observe to you, that I have been informed that these flags buy up at any price whatever, all the fresh meat which they can find, about Portsmouth and Cape henry. I beg you would likewise give your orders about that, to the end that the coasts of Virginia may not furnish Newyork with provisions. In all, I think as well as your Excellency that this multiplicity of flags may be very prejudicial. I beg of your Excellency to forward the herein in closed Letter to the commanding officers of the Legion de Lauzun, as Mr. De Choisy is returned here upon very particular business.” Both pages have been professionally silked. In very good condition, with aforementioned silking, uniform toning to both pages, partial separation to hinge, and several pinholes to top edge. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

1761. Rights of Great Britain. Signed book: The Rights of

Great Britain Asserted Against the Claims of America: Being an Answer to the Declaration of the General Congress. Later printing. London, 1776. Hardcover, 4.25 x 7, 103 pages. Featuring a 14 x 13 fold-out appendix between pages 76 and 77, detailing “what sums have been granted to the different Provinces of North-America.” In very good condition, with light to moderate toning, scattered spotting and soiling, inked initials to the title page, a loose, but intact hinge, adhesive remnants to the front pastedown, and light wear to the cover, with some light chipping to the spine. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Majestic oversized image of Rockwell’s colonial artist

1762. Norman Rockwell. Color limited edition 33 x 20 lithograph entitled ‘Colonial Sign Painter,’ featuring a Revolutionary War-era artist painting a portrait of George Washington, numbered #107/200, signed in the bottom border in pencil. Double-matted and framed to an overall size of 42.25 x 26.75. In fine condition. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

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1763. Philip Schuyler. American soldier and statesman (1733–

1804) who served as a general in the American Revolution and was a member of the first session of Congress as a Senator from New York. ANS signed “P. Schuyler,” one page, 8.5 x 3, February 1, 1776. The direction of payment reads, in part: “Mr Halbourne spoke to me for 50 Dollars for himself and as much some other Gentleman…Please to give it him.” Vertical folds, uniform light toning, with a heavier area of toning and mounting remnants to left edge, rough edges, and some light mirroring from folding, otherwise very good condition. Letter was originally acquired at a 2011 Christie’s auction. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1764. Siege of Boston: John Rowe. Property developer and merchant (1715–1787) who emigrated to Boston from England. During the Revolution, Rowe avoided choosing sides in favor of tending to his business affairs. He was also the owner of the Eleanor, one of the tea ships involved in the Boston Tea Party, an event in which he is rumored to have been involved. ALS signed “J. Rowe,” one page, 7.25 x 9.25, dated June 2, 1775, Boston. Rowe writes to his brother, in part: “The bearer Capt. Dunn is a worthy, honest man, If you can do him any kind offers by recommending him…I have many things to say but the times will not permit me. We are at present in the most distressed state…don’t write me by the port but by any other opportunities for transport to Boston.” In very good condition, with light intersecting folds, one slightly passing through two letters of the signature, creasing along the left edge, light toning along the edges, a few trivial areas of spotting, a tear to the top edge, and two areas of separation along the left edge. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

War-era poem mocking the “Mother Country” 1765. Phineas Smith. Original Manuscript Poem, titled “Old England,” by Phineas Smith, four pages on two adjoining sheets, 7.5 x 12.5. Although titled “Old England,” this poem is a definite mocking jab at the “Mother country,” as it includes a litany of famous American figures and their successes in fighting against the British from the Revolutionary War through the current War of 1812 period. Poem begins: “Old England forty years ago When we were young and slender She aimed at us a mortal blow But God was our Defender. Jehovah saw the horrid plan Great Washington he gave us His holiness inspired the man With power and skill to save us She sent her fleets and armies over To ravage hill and plunder Our heroes met them on the shore And beat them back with thunder”

Poem goes on to reference historic events, battles and name-dropping of the likes of Decatur, Perry, Breckenridge, Madison, Macombs, and others. In fair condition, with partial separations along fragile horizontal folds, old tape reinforcement to hinge, scattered moderate toning and soiling, and a few brushes to text. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

Exceptional Szyk collection of George Washington and his Times

1766. Arthur Szyk. World renowned artist (1894–1951) considered the foremost manuscript illuminator of modern times. A collection of

35 collotype lithographs, “George Washington and His Times,” printed in Vienna by Max Jaffee in 1932. Image sizes vary, with all measuring approximately 5 x 7. These lithos feature scenes of the American Revolution, highlighting key figures, battles and historic events. Subjects include: George and Martha Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Rochambeau, the Boston Massacre, Bunker Hill, Nathan Hale’s last hour, and the surrender of Cornwallis. In fine overall condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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“This will probably prolong the reign of the Demon… it will be dissected limb by limb with as much indifference as it felt by a surgeon in cutting up a dead body” 1767. Richard Stockton, Jr. Lawyer who represented

New Jersey in the United States Senate and later served in the United States House of Representatives, and also the son of Declaration of Independence signer Richard Stockton. ALS signed “Rd. Stockton,” three pages on two adjoining sheets, 8 x 9.5, November 27, 1803. Letter to General J. Dayton in the Senate in Washington. In part: “I have received your kind favor of the 17th inst. with its enclosures-for which and their attentions of the like nature you are entitled to my best acknowledgements…From the first moment this amendment was proposed, I was directly against it, and when it was adopted by the Federal Party in the hope of representations and sent up to the senate in the year 1790…all in my power to, and I believe was instrumental in causing its…in that body. But the day of reasoning on the true principles of the constitution is over-the most important articles of your national compact must be constantly called on to guild party and earn personal views-The degradation of the Federal Judiciary by its being now completely placed at the feet of the legislative body only to get rid of obnoxious judges has taught us what we are to expect on subordinate points-In truth I give up this constitution as gone-its death will be lingering-but its sentence has passed-It was only calculated to the administrations by the same kind of men as those who formed it-it proposes nothing which can essentially guard it against the progress of democracy-but perhaps will ultimately be found only to have organized democracy-and given plan and system to it which it never has had in any other country-This will probably prolong the reign of the Demon-will give it a…which it has had in no other nation-and in the end…find little bit of much boasted of Constitution-it will be dissected limb by limb with as much indifference as it felt by a surgeon in cutting up a dead body. I altogether despair of Mr. Condat acting the enlightened heart you seem to take from him-and as to any of the States at present under Democratic Sway into passing…form no idea of-the proposed wagon given by Mr. Ketchel in our House of Assembly for an adjourned session was that they might be ready to…and act on the proposition.” Second integral page is inlaid into a larger sheet. Reverse of second integral page bears an address panel to Dayton, and franked “Free,” in the upper right of the panel. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, a few pencil notations to edges, slight paper loss to second page from wax seal, a uniform shade of toning, and a few creases. Letter is housed in a Parke-Bernet Galleries folder with an old catalog entry affixed to the front.

When Stockton received the “17th inst. with its enclosures” from Dayton he must have felt a certain déjà vu. As a member of the House of Representatives, he was at the center of a 1797 debate over the Sixth Amendment and the Articles of Impeachment in which Stockton’s party, the Federalists, lost a vote on the Senate’s right to be the “sole Power to try all impeachments.” As the Twelfth Amendment was being debated in 1803, the Federalist position of a strong central government was eroding in favor of Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans who believed the government had taken a step back from democracy towards monarchy during Adams’ administration. In his letter to Dayton, the former representative declared, “I give up this constitution as gone - its death will be lingering - but its sentence has passed.” In actuality, it sunk another nail in the coffin of the Federalist Party. The 1800 presidential election ended in a tie between Republican Thomas Jefferson and Federalist Aaron Burr. Under the Constitution, the House had the power to choose the winner, declaring Jefferson president in February 1801. Passage of the controversial Twelfth Amendment intended to resolve disputed elections, but turned the House into a polarized battleground between the two political parties. At one point during the debates New Jersey senator Jonathan Dayton, a Federalist, proposed abolishing the vice-presidency. Stockton wrote the senator, “[the Amendment] proposes nothing which can essentially guard it against the progress of democracy - but perhaps will ultimately be found only to have organized democracy - and given plan and system to it which it never has had in any other country- This will probably prolong the reign of the Demon.” After much debate, Congress passed the amendment on December 9, 1803, materially changing the original concept of the vice presidency forever. The “Demon” Jefferson easily won reelection in 1804 over his Federal rival Pinckney; the Twelfth Amendment was ratified June 15 with the amended electoral process still in effect today. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

“No correct account of killed & wounded some say 500 but uncertain. The same accounts say that the Brittish & Indians are marching rapidly upon our frontier”

1768. Benjamin Stebbins. ALS signed “Benjn. Stebbins,” one page, 8 x 10, August 25, 1812. In a letter to Captain Glidden Stebbins of Belchertown, Massachusetts, Benjamin writes, in part: “I have to communicate to you the fate of our northwestern Army under the command of General Hull…which arrived here on Sunday evening the 23rd Ins. and another this morning at day break. We are informed that Genl. Hull with his Army never made prisoner of War at Detroit on the 16th Inst. No correct account of killed & wounded some say 500 but uncertain the same accounts say that the Brittish & Indians are marching rapidly upon our frontier. Inhabitants & our country is in the utmost confusion although we are at great distance form the scene of action—Our troops expect to march on Sunday next but I fear the force will as before prove inadequate…but God knows the event. There is various opinions here reporting the War measures but lately most agree that the business is badly conducted. I am in good health but do not expect to be called out with the troop for on the whole regiment are not expected to go. I shall be left for as I am paymaster to the Regiment. I have no call until the whole are called upon in great haste.” Address panel on reverse of second integral page penned in Stebbins’ hand. In very good condition, with intersecting folds, one passing through the middle of the last name of the signature, uniform toning, light creasing, a few trivial spots of soiling, and residue and a shadow from wax seal on reverse of second integral page, otherwise fine condition. A harrowing account of the fall of Detroit on August 16, 1812, a pinnacle defeat which served to thwart the first American invasion of Cananda. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Swann pens an urgent letter to Declaration signer, Samuel Huntington: “The Letters, which I sent your Kinsman, that Mr. Smith wrote to me, promising payment, will undoubtedly move it beyond his art to procrastinate” 1769. James Swann. Scottish emigrant who provided valiant and enigmatic support in Boston during

the war. A participant in the Boston Tea Party, he also served in the Battle of Bunker Hill as an aide to rebel hero, Dr. Joseph Warren. He commanded an artillery company in George Washington’s Continental Army, and helped to haul a cannon atop Dorchester Heights in March of 1776, driving the British troops and fleet away from Boston for good. He was later appointed Secretary to the Board of War of Massachusetts in 1777. ALS signed “Jam. Swan,” one page, 7.25 x 7, February 21, 1775. On address panel on reverse, Swann pens the name and address of Declaration signer, Samuel Huntington, above which Huntingon adds a note of receipt. Swann writes to Huntington, in full: “Inclosed I send you a copy of the aud. twixt Oliver & me, property authenticated, agreeable to your service—I hope there will be on delay or adjourment [sic] of it, from the next court: because the Letters, which I sent your Kinsman, that Mr. Smith wrote to me, promising payment, will undoubtedly move it beyond his art to procrastinate,” adding the post script, “It is impossible I should think for Smith, to get the matter delay’d. As soon as it is ended, & the balance paid; please forward it home, by the first opportunity.” In very good condition, with lightly intersecting folds, two of which cross at the signature, scattered light toning, a tear to the bottom right corner, and two small tears to the left edge, which is nearly separated. Interesting content from such an intriguing figure to such a historical one! Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

1770.

The Boston Chronicle. The Boston Chronicle, dated Monday, July 17 to Thursday, July 20, 1769, Volume II, No. 29, four pages, 9.5 x 15.25. Front-page features story on a defense of Liberty and Press, as well as a curious ad from William Flagg stating, “Rebecca, my Wife, has eloped from bed and board—This is to caution all persons from trusting her on my account, as I will not from this date, pay one farthing she may contract.” In good condition, with scattered creasing, moderate toning, scattered soiling, rough edges with several small tears, small binding holes along the left edge, and a small area of paper loss towards the top of the spine. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1771. The Boston Gazette and Country Journal. The Boston Gazette and Country

Journal, dated May 20, 1776, No. 1096, 10 x 15. Printed by Benjamin Eddes in Watertown, the front page features a notice of imminent arrival of Hessians in America, for use in suppressing the rebellion. In good condition, with a central vertical fold with a separation at the top edge, a near complete separation along the central horizontal fold, light creasing, moderate uniform toning, scattered areas of mild soiling and spotting, rough edges with scattered tearing and areas of paper loss, and a faded name penned at the top of the left edge. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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Benedict Arnold, Charles Lee, and George Washington make the front page of a 1776 issue of The Connecticut Journal

1772. The Connecticut Journal. The Connecticut Journal, dated

Wednesday, May 29, 1776, No. 450, four pages, 8.5 x 14. Issue is brimming with war news, including front-page mentions of Benedict Arnold, Charles Lee, and George Washington. A central vertical and horizontal fold, light creasing, moderate toning, heavier along the fold and left edge, scattered light spotting, rough edges with several small tears, a more pronounced tear towards the bottom of the left edge, and an old ink notation to the top right corner, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1773. The Royal American Magazine. The Royal

American Magazine or Universal Repository of Instruction and Amusement for August, 1774, 5.5 x 8.25, pages numbered 283 through 328, featuring an engraving of an Indian holding a hatchet and feathers, and a Colonial woman gripping a jar. Middle section of magazine is still bound by a small string from the original binding. Printed in Boston and “Sold at Greenleaf’s Printing Office in Hanover-Street, near the Orange-Tree, where Subscriptions continue to be taken in.” Light creasing along the left edge, moderate toning, scattered soiling, some dampstaining, three small holes from previous binding along the left edge, and all but four central pages are separated, otherwise very good condition. Housed in a leather-bound folder casing, which is in fine condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Trumbull endorsed 1776 Committee of Safety document for “the transportation of Inhabitants and Stock from Nassau Island” 1774. Jonathan Trumbull. The only colonial governor to side with the Americans during the Revolution-

ary War (1710–1785). Endorsement, signed “Jon:th Trumbull,” dated December 30, 1776, at the bottom of a one-page manuscript Committee of Safety document, signed by Abraham Ten Broeck. Ten Broeck orders that, “the Treasurer of this State transmit by Benjamin Montanye the Sum of Eight hundred and forty pounds…New York Currency …to be sent to his Honor Governor Trumbull to discharge the Accounts of the transportation of Inhabitants and Stock from Nassau Island…the Governor is requested…to pass and return…a Receipt for the same.” At the bottom is written: “Rec’d December 30th 1776 from P.V.B. Livingston by the hands of Gerard Bancker Eight hundred and forty pounds five shillings and four pence New York currency pursuant to the above order,” and signed by Trumbull. Intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, and mild overall toning, scattered light creasing and wrinkling, a bit heavier to right edge, otherwise fine condition. The Nassau Island reference is presumably the Bahamas, a loyalist stronghold where Fort Nassau is housed. Nassau played an important role in the Revolution, when January 27, 1778, Capt. John Peck Rathbun, and his fifty-man crew of the USS Providence seized two forts at Nassau, raising the Stars and Stripes in place of the Union flag. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Wooden fragment from Old Ironsides 1775. USS Constitution. Solid wooden fragment from the USS Constitution. Worm-eaten fragment measures 5 x 1.5 x .75, and originates from the John S. Reigart Collection of Historical American Relics. Handwritten tag by Reigart on a rectangular tag attached to the wood by a wire reads: “Piece of the U. S. Frigate Constitution. Presented by Charles M. Holmes Esqr of Newark, N. J. March 28th 1861.” RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

The Dawning of America

Philadelphia newspaper reporting the names of the delegates attending the Constitutional Convention headed by “His Excellency George Washington”

1776. US Constitution. The Pennsylvania

Journal, and The Weekly Advertiser, four pages on two adjoining sheets, 10 x 15.5, dated Saturday, June 16, 1787. The first column of the third page is devoted to the Constitutional Convention being held in Philadelphia. Deliberations had begun in Philadelphia’s Independence Hall on May 25th when there were enough delegates from the requisite number of States to form a quorum. Listed in the paper in “an exact list of the members of the Convention” are 52 names headed by “His Excellency George Washington” and “His Excellency Benjamin Franklin, now President of Pennsylvania.” In the next column is a report of the views of British political writer Joseph Tucker, Dean of Gloucester, “respecting the benefits which might accrue to America from its Independence, and seems to entertain a contemptable opinion of them…as to the future grandure of America, says he and its being a rising Empire, under one head, whether republican, or monarchical, it is one of the idealist, and most visionary notions, that was ever conceived, even by writers of romance. For there is nothing in the genius of the people, the situation of their country, or the nature of their different climates, which tends to countenance such a supposition…Moreover, when the intersections and divisions of their country, by the great bays of the sea, and by vast rivers, lakes, and ridges of mountains; ---and above all, when those immense inland regions, beyond the back settlements, which are still unexplored, are taken into the account, they form the highest probability that the Americans never can be united into one compact empire, under any species of Government whatever. Their fate seems to be ---a disunited people, ‘till the end of time.” The paper’s patriotic editor then follows with his response to Tucker’s report. Paper has been bound in slightly larger pale blue wrappers. In very good condition, with old repaired tear to lower right of second page, uniform toning, previous intersecting storage folds, and a bit of light foxing. RRAuction COA.…(MB $300)

White Plains Revolutionary War Muster Roll with Reference to Valley Forge 1777. Valley Forge. Revolutionary

War-dated muster roll, one page, both sides, 12.5 x 8, dated July 24, 1778, headed at the top, “Return of the 1st Massachusetts Regiment of Foot Commanded by Col.o John Bailey.” Roll lists the disposition of the eight companies of the 1st Massachusetts Regiment, John Bailey commanding. Demarcated are the various types of officers, with 19 subcategories. In addition to the “Rank & File,” who are categorized by: “Present fit for duty,” “Sick Present,” “Sick Absent,” “On Command,” and “On Furlough.” The total present & fit force numbered 204 of 346 men enlisted, with 294 men “Wanting.” In all the regiment was at less than but 60% of full strength, not an uncommon situation. Eleven absent officers are individually named, with their reasons and locations. It is noted that Second Lieutenant [Simeon] Lord [of Berwick, ME] is on command at “Valley Forge.” In very good condition, with overall toning, mounting remnants to bottom of reverse edge, and chips to edges. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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1778. Richard Varick. American soldier and statesman (1753–1831) who was aide-de-camp to Benedict Arnold prior to the latter’s defection to the British. Varick later served as Washington’s private secretary, mayor of New York, and a New York state legislator. ALS signed “Richd Varick,” one page, 8.25 x 5, no date. Letter to John Lansing, written on the reverse of a February 16, 1776, letter to Varick from Lansing. Lansing informed Varick that “such sleds as are necessary to convey the baggage are to be engaged to go as far as Montreal…” Varick responds, in part: “many of the sleds were already discharged & gone home before I rec’d the orders…They are to be here again tomorrow…Are any sleds to go as far as Montreal and how many?” In good to very good condition, with central horizontal fold, scattered toning, with a heavier strip to Lansing’s side, a few small pinholes of ink erosion, small edge tears, and light creasing and wrinkling. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

The clergyman offers words of hope to a fellow man of the cloth: “I hope your sermon will do the young men good, or prepare them to die gloriously in or out of battle”

1779. Daniel Waldo.

Clergyman and missionary who was one of the last eight survivors of the Revolution (1762–1864). Two items: ALS signed “D. W.,” four pages on two adjoining sheets, 4.75 x 7.75, December 26, 1861. Waldo writes from Syracuse about a sermon, in part: “In 1805, a few weeks after my wife’s derangment [sic], I preached on Peter…think it not strange concerning the fiery trial that is to try you…One of my good workers said to me— ’How could you preach on that text!’ My reply was ‘Shall we receive good at the hand of God & not evil? The Lord gave & the Lord hath taketh away; & blessed be the name of the Lord.’ If we rightly understand divine Providence, we shall bless him for severe as well as for kind dealings. He often hides a smiling face behind a frowning providence. If we keep our heart so that it cannot reproach us as long as we live, we shall alway [sic] have a thank offering to present to our Heavenly Father…I hope your sermon will do the young men good, or prepare them to die gloriously in or out of battle”; and a 5.25 x 7.5 book page carte-de-visite photo of an aged Waldo. In very good condition, with uniform toning, some light spotting and staining to the letter, along with a few light spots of smudged or bleeding ink, and a pencil notation along the top edge; and two vertical creases passing through the photo, along with scattered light toning, soiling, and rippling to the affixed sheet. Accompanied by a 1958 copy of the book, American Heritage. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

Exemplary enlistment in the Continental Army, signed on the heels of the Declaration of Independence 1780. Daniel Ward. Union solider who served in the Battle of Long Island, guarding

the Bedford Pass with 800 men under General John Sullivan’s command. After heavy action, the unit was routed by the British under General William Howe, and once again engaged in heavy action at the Battle of White Plains. Ward was promoted to corporal in 1781. Partly-printed DS, one page, 6.5 x 2.75, July 5, 1776. Ward signs his enlistment in the Continental Army the day after the Declaration of Independence is signed: “I, Daniel Ward, do acknowledge to have voluntarily inlisted myself a Solider, to serve in the Battalion of Foot raised by the Colony of Connecticut, to join the Continental Army in New York, to be commanded by Colonel John Chester Esq; until the Twenty-fifth Day of December next.” Double-matted and framed with an image of marching soldiers and a small commemorative plaque to an overall size of 19.75 x 13.75. In fine condition, with scattered creasing and scattered light spotting. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

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A Continental Gunner’s Mate relates Washington’s orders from Valley Forge and a victory by “The Father of the American Navy”

1781. Joseph Ward. War-dated ALS signed “Joseph Ward C.G.M.,”

three pages on two adjoining sheets, 7.75 x 11.75, March 13, 1778. Ward, writing from “Headquarters” [Valley Forge], relays Washington’s directions for determining the status of missing men to Richard Varick. In part: “Your Letter directed to Major Fish, I left with Col. Cortland, with whom he quarters, he being out of Camp. As soon as he returns, I shall favour him with the reading of your account of the Secret Expedition.

The difficulties you mention, respecting Furloughs, men left in Hospitals, &c., are too much experienced here, as well as with you. I consulted his Excellency general Washington on these matters, and his direction was, that Soldiers who did not join their Corps at the expiration of their Furloughs, (unless their Officers, or others, could make it appear that they were necessarily detained) should be returned Deserters. If upon joining their Corps, they should then make it appear they had been necessarily detained, they will notwithstanding their have [2]having been returned Deserters, draw their whole pay. Officers, are not to be returned Deserters, unless they have been long absent after the expiration of their Furloughs, but are to be answerable to the Commander in chief of the Department, for absence beyond the limited time. But when their [sic] is good reason to apprehend an absent Officer will never join his Corps, or that he has any fraudulent design to keep out of Camp & at the same time draw pay, you may strike him off the Roll, until he joins and does duty. This I think may be a more eligible method than to return them Deserters, and more consistent with that delicacy which Officers ought to deserve. With respect to men in Hospitals, their Officers ought to know from the Surgeons what their state is, whether dead or alive, and whether they are likely ever to join the Corps; but when men have been left sick at a great distance and their Officers cannot obtain proper information respecting them, immediately, they must be notified to obtain such information against the next muster; and if the Officers neglect a proper attention to this duty, they must answer for the neglect before a Court-martial. When you are satisfied any absent men who were left in Hospitals or elsewhere, who by reason of incapacity, desertion, or other cause, will never join their corps, you may strike them out of the Rolls. You are not obliged to wait for proof of their [3]death or desertion...

1782. Bushrod Washington.

US Supreme Court associate justice (1762–1829) and the nephew of George Washington. Ink signature, “Bush. Washington bought at auction Oct 1825,” on an off-white 7 x 1.5 clipped slip “Moses Leog. 1785,” written in an unknown hand above signature. Slip is affixed to a slightly larger off-white slip. In very good condition, with moderate overall toning, central vertical fold, a few edge chips, and a repaired tear to right edge. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

One piece of News only have we in this Quarter, Capt. Barre with some armed Boats a few days since took on armed Vessel [sic] of 8 Carriage Guns, & two other Transports, as they were coming up the Delaware about 30 miles below Philadelphia; as some men of war were apprised of this event & were making towards Capt Barre, he was obliged to take out the most valuable articles & burn the Transports.” Several professional repairs to hinge and fold separations, scattered toning, some small areas of paper loss along folds and hinge, and scattered toning and soiling, otherwise very good condition. During the brutal winter of 1777-1778 at Valley Forge, disease ran rampant. Soldiers had very little food or clothing and morale was extremely low. This led many to desertion and there was even talk of mutiny. This letter from a sailor glosses over the rampant starvation and death and focuses instead on things beyond the present misery. He first begins by thanking the recipient of this letter for the news regarding General Spencer’s canceled Secret Expedition to free Rhode Island from the British (an act he would be censured by the Continental Congress for). He then proudly relates his personal conversation with “his excellency General Washington”. Finally, he shifts the focus to the positive news of a naval victory, a rare feat for the fledgling navy. At this point the navy had more sailors than ships to put them on so some, like Ward, joined militia units or the Continental Army in order to fight the British. A letter rich in wartime content from a revolutionary sailor-turned-soldier writing about the Father of the American Army and the Father of the American Navy. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $500)

1783. Oliver Wollcott, Jr.

Partly-printed DS, signed “Oliv Wolcott, Jr,” one page, 6.5 x 3.5, March 4, 1789. An interest certificate issued to Timothy Cowles for “one pound lawful money.” Signed at the conclusion by Wolcott as comptroller. In fine, clean condition, with circular cancellation hole affecting opening stroke of signature, and some light creasing and wrinkling. RRAuction COA.…(MB $100)

The Dawning of America 101

A year before raising a Pennsylvania regiment to fight in the Revolution, Mad Anthony implements his surveying background to assist his parents 1784. Anthony Wayne. Scalloped-

topped vellum autograph document, with “Wayne” penned 10 times in the text, one page, 27 x 16, May 2, 1774. A lengthy document with over 1000 words in Wayne’s hand as a surveyor of land his parents, Isaac and Elizabeth Wayne, were preparing to sell. In part: “Unto Gabriel Wayne in fee by Indenture of the Fifteenth day of May 1732 who with Elizabeth his wife by their Indenture on the twelfth day of May 1731 Granted unto the Isaac Wayne partly hereto in Fee who with Elizabeth his wife…Granted to same unto John Wayne in Fee who with Jane his wife by their Indenture…re-granted the same Land & Premises unto the said Isaac Wayne in fee.” Below the text, Wayne has sketched and labeled a 2.5 x 2 rectangular map of the land involved, writing the names of the adjoining land holders on the borders, Joshua Evans, Sam McCue, Thomas Hall, and John Marple. Heavy intersecting folds, scattered toning, creasing, and rippling, with toning heavier in several spots, otherwise very good condition. Document also bears three partial red wax seals. Wayne’s education and strength for mathematics led to his training as a surveyor, a profession in which he worked for a number of years. He was working in that capacity in 1774—while also developing a farm, establishing a tannery, and beginning his service in the Pennsylvania Legislature—when he completed this document. With the outbreak of war in 1775, Wayne raised a regiment and was named its colonel in 1776. He and his regiment were sent to Canada, where he was wounded at the Battle of Three Rivers. His service resulted in his promotion to brigadier general in February 1777. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $300)

Rare appointment for an officer of “the First Company of the Regiment of minute men”

1785. Nathaniel Woodhull. American Revolution general who

led the militia in the Battle of Long Island. When captured by the British, he was ordered to utter ‘God save the King!’ Instead, according to legend, he defiantly replied: ‘God save us all!’ He was slashed, and died of his wounds a few days later. Partly-printed DS, signed “Nathl Woodhull Presidt,” one page, 12.5 x 8.25, October 27, 1775. Woodhull appoints Daniel Waterbury “Ensign of the First Company of the Regiment of minute men of West Chester County.” Signed at the conclusion by Woodhull, and countersigned by Secretary Robert Benson. In good condition, with professional repairs and restoration to folds and areas of paper loss, intersecting folds, one through a single letter of signature, and scattered toning, soiling, and foxing. Pre-certified John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and RR Auction COA.…(MB $200)

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war of 1812

Key expresses legal frustration in a letter written one year after the completion of his legendary composition: “I intend filing a Bill proceeding in Chancery for the balance against Mrs. Wheaton. I have had several interviews with her but I believe she will do nothing” 1786. Francis Scott Key. Baltimore lawyer

(1779–1843) who was inspired to write the ‘Star-Spangled Banner’ after he witnessed the bombardment of Fort McHenry by the British in 1814. ALS signed “F. S. Key,” one page, 7.75 x 11.5, November 28, 1815. Letter to Mr. Thomas Sexton of New York regarding the sale of an estate. “I am unexpectedly disappointed in making sale of Wheaton’s life estate in his house which I had directed the Marshall to take in Execution of which he had taken & advertized for Sale - He had published as the day of Sale last ‘Friday the 25th’ - whereas Saturday was the 25th. In consequence of this mistake he will have to advertize it again for 30 days longer - It shall then be sold, provided a reasonable price can be got for it - if not I shall buy it in for you. I intend filing a Bill proceeding in Chancery for the balance against Mrs. Wheaton. I have had several interviews with her but I believe she will do nothing.” Reverse bears an address panel to Sexton in another hand, as well as two small dockets In very good condition, with horizontal folds, uniform toning, small repaired area to lower portion of text affecting two words, show-through from writing on reverse, and wax seal remnant at top.

A lawyer by trade, Key was commissioned to arrange the release of a prominent physician who had been taken prisoner by the British during their retreat from Washington. In his pursuit, he was detained in an American ship on the evening of September 13, and watched, first hand, the bombardment of Fort Henry. After seeing the American flag flying over the city the next morning, Key was inspired to compose his famed anthem. Written just one year later, here he expresses frustration over a colleague’s discrepancies in an estate advertisement: “He had published as the day of Sale last ‘Friday the 25th’ - whereas Saturday was the 25th. In consequence of this mistake he will have to advertize it again for 30 days longer.” A desirable letter from the lawyer whose unlikely composition would inspire generations to come. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Handwritten account of 16 war deserters 1787. War of 1812 American Deserters. Manuscript account of 16 American military prisoners charged with desertion, two pages on two adjoining sheets, 7.25 x 11.75, circa 1814–1815. Most of the men named deserted or overstayed their furloughs in order to care for their families. All promised future good behavior and most agreed to repay the cost of their apprehension. The soldiers named in this document are: Luther Brooks; Johnson Lovering of the 4th (Regiment ?); William Granger; Moses Heath; David Heath; Levi Cass; William Rines; David Tucker; Moses Meeder; William Miles; Solomon Avery; Samuel Merrick (asks to be transferred to Colonel Wolk’s company); William McIntire (enlisted in the 34th, then deserted and enlisted in the 21st Infantry); Samuel Tibbets (“deserted by advice of his father, being under age”); William Hall; and Samuel Hilton (21st Infantry). In very good condition, with scattered toning and soiling, horizontal folds, several brushes to text, and a couple small pinhole areas of paper loss. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200) War of 1812 103

Fragments from a New York fort 1788. War of 1812. Four small chips of gray granite, originally taken from a fort in New York,

housed in a 19th century octagonal glass medicine bottle, about 3.5” tall. Sealed with a cork. Card inside the bottle reads: “At the northern end of Central Park, near Eighth avenue, stands the old block-house. Built originally as one of a chain of local fortifications and outposts. It has come to be known as Fort Fireman.” Fragments originate from the John S. Reigart Collection of Historical American Relics. Fort Fireman was built in 1814-1815 on Bergen’s Hill, Brooklyn, on or near the site of Fort Box built in 1776. Fort Clinton, also built 1814-1815, was a stone fort in the northeast corner of Central Park. These chips of granite came from one of these New York War of 1812 fortifications. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1789. War of 1812 Army Requisition.

Manuscript DS, signed “B. Dunn, Capt 33 infy,” one page, 10 x 8, no date, but 1814. Handwritten military requisition for weapons and other equipment, needed by Captain B. Dunn’s Company of the 33rd Regiment. This requisition is written on rare pink paper instead of the usual white paper. Among the items needed on this long list are muskets, bayonets, gunslings, swords and camp kettles. Notation in the condition area reads, “Armes good and clothing very bad, being of a bad quality when received.” Docketed on the reverse “Capt. Dunn’s Estimate of clothing, arms and equipments wanted for the year ensuing 1815.” In fine condition, with intersecting folds and a bit of mild toning. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Scarce broadside extra announcing the end of the War of 1812 1790. War of 1812. Rare broadside extra from the Ulster Gazette, 12.5 x 18.5, dated Tuesday evening, February 21, 1815. Extra contains the eleven Articles of a “Treaty of Peace and Amity between His Brittanic Majesty and The United States of America,” with the printed names of President James Madison and Secretary of State James Monroe printed at the conclusion. In good condition, with professional reinforcement to reverse, several small areas of paper loss, uniform toning, with several heavier areas, some edge tears and dampstaining, and light creasing and wrinkling. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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Rare and dramatic War of 1812 battle print of Tecumseh and Col. Johnson 1791. War of 1812 Battle Print. Rare hand-colored print, 14.25 x 8.75, depicting a dramatic battle scene during the War of 1812, between Col. Richard M. Johnson and Indians commanded by Tecumseh. Engraved by A. Bowen, whose name appears in the lower left, this work has been hand-colored in red, yellow, orange, blue and black. The center of the scene depicts two officers fighting with Indians. Col. Johnson is mounted and is being attacked by an Indian with a tomahawk. In the foreground, an Indian scalps a fallen drummer, while Tecumseh, holding a spear, looks on. American troops, in formation, fire on Indians armed with bows and arrows. In the background, American cavalry pursue fleeing Indians. Col. Johnson, who legend says personally killed Tecumseh, would later become Vice-President of the United States under Martin Van Buren. Though undated, this print is known to have been prepared for the 1832 edition of Henry Trumbull’s History of the Discovery of America. In good condition, with scattered toning and dampstaining, several vertical folds, a rough right edge, and a small separation along one fold. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Orders for a postponement in the court martial of Major General Ebenezer Goodale 1792. War of 1812 Court Martial. War-dated manu-

script DS, signed “Wm. Donnison, Adjutant General,” one page both sides, 7.5 x 12.5, August 27, 1812. Legal document reads, in part: “The General Court Martial appointed by the General Order of the 10th August current to be holden at Lalim on the 22d day of September next for the Trial of Major General Ebenezer Goodale is postponed to Monday the 28th day of said September at ten oclock before noon. Then to the holden at the same place mentioned in the said order for the purpose aforesaid whereof all persons concerned will take notice & govern themselves accordingly.” Reverse, signed, “N. Hayward, Aid de Camp to Mg,” reads, “The Officers detailed for the Court Martial to meet at Lalim will be regularly notified of the postponement of the Courts to the 28th instant & govern themselves accordingly.-The Troops composing the 5th Division will meet this fall for review, inspection & discipline either by Regiments or Battalion of Regiments as the Commanding Officer of each Brigade shall order.-The Major General directs that a sorter naming each officer his rank & date of Commission be sent him also noting those officers’ commissions that are endorsed or originally called in the 10th Division.” In very good condition, with several small separations along intersecting folds, scattered toning and foxing, and a few creases. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

War of 1812 Massachusetts muster roll providing an account of muskets and bayonets 1793. War of 1812 Massachusetts Militia Muster Roll. Partly

printed war-dated muster roll of Capt Daniel Leonard, Junr., Company of Foot 1812, 9.25 x 22. Roll lists over forty different soldiers, being Officers, Sergeants, Musicians, and Men of Rank and File, plus noting who has muskets, bayonets, and cartridge boxes. Reverse bears printed instructions directly from Adjutant General William Donnison. Several horizontal folds, central vertical fold, scattered creases and wrinkles, mild edge wear, a few chips to edges, and a small hole to center, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

1794. War of 1812 Massachusetts Muster Roll. Partly printed war-dated muster roll of Capt

Alfred Hawes, Company of Foot 1813, 9.25 x 22. Roll lists about forty different men—Officers, Sergeants, Musicians, and Men of Rank and File, plus noting who has muskets, bayonets, and cartridge boxes. Reverse bears printed instructions directly from Adjutant General William Donnison. Several horizontal folds, scattered creases and wrinkles, mild edge wear, a few chips to edges, and a couple small holes to folds, otherwise very good condition. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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South Carolina muster roll for “Lt. General Wade’s Regiment of Horse”

1795. War of 1812 Muster Roll. War of 1812-era muster roll, 19 x

14.75, headed at the top, “Computation of the Pay of a Regiment of Horse Commanded by Lt. Genl. Wade as it is distributed in all its Branches to every Officer Non-Commissioned Officer and Private Man for 365 days.” Document has a vertical list of officers and soldiers along the left edge (no names are written, only the categories of rank, and type of pay), including: “Allowance to Widows,” “Subsistence,” “Full Pay,” “Poundage,” and “Hospital.” In good to very good condition, with old professional reinforcements along reverse of central hotrizontal and vertical folds, some small areas of paper loss along folds, scattered toning and edge wear, and a pencil notation to lower left corner. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

Exceptionally scarce and bold broadside announcing monthly pension to “every survivor of the war of 1812 who served 14 days or was in any engagement!”

1796. War of 1812 Pensions. Extremely rare original 1878 lawyer’s Advertising Broadside, 8.25 x 11.5, enticing people to make pension claims on the federal government: “A New Law: By act of March 9th, 1878, granting pension of $8.00 per month to every survivor of the war of 1812 who served 14 days or was in any engagement! And to the widows of such officers and enlisted men, without regard to date of marriage! No proof of loyalty required. The bill restores to the roll the names of all persons dropped for disloyalty,” endorsed by lawyer, John S. Coe, Canandaigua, N. Y. Framed to an overall size of 12 x 15. In very good condition, with several horizontal creases and scattered light creasing, toning, a few trivial areas of foxing, and a few areas of slight paper loss to the right edge. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

War of 1812 cavalry promotion

1797. War of 1812 Virginia Cavalry. War-dated manuscript DS, one page both sides, 4.75 x 4, August 1812. Document issued by Captain William N. Jarrett, of the Cavalry Company from Monongalia Co., Virginia, Third Regiment providing a recommendation for Marmaduke Evans to be “Cornet” in the company. Signed on one side by Colonel Dudley Evans of the 76th Regiment on August 12th, and the other by William N. Jarrett as Captain. In very good condition, with a central vertical fold, light show-through from writing on opposite side, and a uniform shade of mild toning. RRAuction COA.…(MB $200)

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