SESC Pompéia/Lina Bo Bardi

Basics of Design Theory Lecturer Dr. Szabó Árpád

SESC Pompéia Lina Bo Bardi Belizario Torres Roberia Rubia neptun code ZNJUWG

SÃO PAULO BRAZIL 1977

SESC POMPÉIA SÃO PAULO BRAZIL

POVERTY

MAP: CITY OF SĂƒO PAULO

SESC PompĂŠia

A favela is usually a highly populated urban residential area consisting mostly of closely packed, decrepit housing units in a situation of deteriorated or incomplete infrastructure, inhabited primarily by impoverished persons.

●

Sao Paulo is known as the largest city in the Western Hemisphere and has a poverty rate of 19%.

●

The urban population is about 12 million, 20 million people accounting for the metropolitan region.

●

Despite the fact that the city’s commerce accounts for +12% of Brazil’s total GDP, close to 1/3 of Sao Paulo’s 12 million people live in slum-like conditions.

●

The combinations of favelas and irregular land subdivisions are glaring symbols of Sao Paulo’s lingering poverty and inequality.

●

Sao Paulo has a significant income gap between the rich and the poor. In 2000, a study conducted by Sao Paulo University found that half of the state’s population earned only 15% of the total income of the state.

●

Sao Paulo struggles with the housing shortage: 1.2 million people live in urban favelas or cortiços. ○

Favelas are private or public lands that began as temporary squatter settlements.

○

Cortiços are abandoned buildings that are illegally occupied and are typically in precarious states of repair.

Residents in Sao Paulo’s slums have expressed a strong desire to stay rather than be relocated.

This resistance has inspired oďŹƒcial Brazilian policy to shift towards slum upgrading rather than slum eradication. Slum upgrading proves to be easier, cheaper, and not to mention, more humane.

Evolution of the urban occupation in the city of Sao Paulo

approximate location of SESC POMPEIA

The first São Paulo favelas date from the 1940s.

In the following decades the huge flow of migrants coming from other regions of the country, especially the Northeast, the slum process would increase exponentially.

Needy residents began to occupy empty and vacant land, hillsides and protected areas, such as water sources.

approximate location of SESC POMPEIA

View of surrounding area today, 2020

Meaning of “SESC” SESC stands for “Social Service of Commerce”. It’s a private entity that aims to provide well-being and quality of life to workers in this sector and their family.

FUNCTION SESC Pompeia is a center of culture and leisure located in the Vila Pompéia neighborhood, São Paulo. It’s a complex of: ●

theaters

●

multi-sport courts

●

swimming pools

●

bars, restaurants

●

exhibitions

●

workshops

●

reading area, etc

stream that runs under the wooden deck

HERITAGE Before Lina Bo Bardi’s project, the site was dedicated to a drum factory.

Built in 1938 by the German ďŹ rm Mauser & Cia. Ltda, the building was inspired by English projects characteristic of the early 20th century.

In 1945, the Brazilian Packaging Industry (IBESA), a drum manufacturer, bought it. Then, it installed Gelomatic, a kerosene refrigerator industry.

●

A construction made with a pioneering structure in Brazil of reinforced concrete with masonry.

●

Before the project the space was populated by families with children playing and young people having fun.

●

The architect, realizing the spontaneity and veracity of those activities, considered them for the project party: “I thought: this should all continue like this, with all this joy”.

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

new concrete modern constructions

old factory sheds

2

1

The stream draws a 'non-aediďŹ candi' area and substantially determines the project.

1

The internal street of SESC extends the urban space/context to the site

2

SECTION

old factory sheds

stream flow direc

tion

CROSS SECTION AND ELEVATION CONCRETE MODERN CONSTRUCTIONS

robust walkways connecting both buildings

section

elevation

AXONOMETRIC

●

The project proposes to maintain the free space of the warehouses, and suggests catalysts for the activities and vitality of the place: the functions of the old structure would be redesigned and the factory technology project would be converted into a modern project.

●

The popular uses captured by Lina would be maintained and permeated by water mirrors, cafeterias, libraries, works of art, etc.

●

In order for the land to accommodate the entire program and maintain the old factory, it was necessary to build two towers at the end of the lot, which also gave the complex a monumental aspect.

●

The extensive program requires verticalization. The distance between the built volumes is overcome by the occupation of the stream's air space, through robust walkways.

●

This results in total integration and continuity of the activity and circulation spaces.

●

Under the walkways the water remains preserved, although not apparent outdoors, protected by the wooden deck.

●

Even within the lot, the project conceives a notable urban space.

Architecture and its popular appropriation

THE REVITALIZATION OF BUILDINGS AND THINKING ABOUT FORMS OF INTERVENTION BECAME A WORK IN WHICH THE VAST MAJORITY OF ARCHITECTS IN SÃO PAULO WERE INVOLVED AND BECAME A TIMELY TOPIC, A COMMON DISCUSSION IN SCHOOLS OF ARCHITECTURE.

SOCIAL EQUIPMENT TURISTIC ATTRACTION

SESC = Workforce Workforce = basic education + periphery SESC = now in the center Notable architecture = tourists

●

São Paulo -> immigrants/city growth -> tourists

●

São Paulo -> qualified public transportation -> periphery can access center

SESC = (Notable architecture + changed social environment) + qualified public transportation

SESC = Tourists + Workforce

SESC POMPEIA

SAO PAULO CITY

SESC 24 DE MAIO

MASP