Step 2: Targeted Needs Assessment� � � � � � � � � �

A targeted needs assessment is the process of applying knowledge learned from the general needs assessment to obtain new information about the targeted learners and their environment� 12 In the development of a new fellowship program, targeted learners will be the ideal future fellows� In addition, information can be gathered from other local sources of information to include core faculty, fellowship directors, departmental experts, and national content experts�

After identifying who the ideal learner is, the next step is to identify the needs of the ideal learner� It is helpful to begin with the end in mind to understand the scope of knowledge a fellow is expected to attain after completion of fellowship� For example, what position should they be able to fill after completing fellowship? To identify the learners needs, explore their prior experiences and learning strategies, perceived and measured deficiencies, attitudes, and motivations� In addition to understanding the ideal learner, it is critical to identify the stakeholders involved in the learning environment to ensure the fellowship’s success� Additional stakeholders may include the chair, core faculty, departments, the sponsoring institution, and accrediting bodies (if applicable)� 12 Targeted needs assessment should also include financial support, faculty support, and additional resources from the department� Once the targeted learners and environment have been established, it is essential to gather information to focus one’s curricular efforts� Different methods can be applied including focus groups, surveys, formal interviews, and direct observation� 14 Before deciding on a method of assessment, it is essential to review three guiding questions: 1� What standards of representativeness, validity, and accuracy will be required? 2� Will subjective or objective measures be used? 3� Will quantitative or qualitative data be preferable?13 In summary, the targeted needs assessment focuses curricular efforts on the ideal learner and environment to further elicit the resources and stakeholders required to build a successful curriculum�