P.M Poultry Diseases 4th year series By Mohamed Mahmoud Salem gab AllahAssistant lecturer of pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Tukh; 13736 , Qalyuobia, EGYPT
FOWEL CHOLERA
 Clinical Description  In the chronic form of fowl cholera, birds can exhibit torticollis, a lateral twisting of the head and neck, shown here. This sign is related to meningeal infection.
ORGAN : Adult turkey LESIONS : Torticollis resulting from meningeal infection SUSP.DIS. : Chronic Pasteurellosis
ORGAN : LESIONS : SUSP.DIS. :
Head of chicken Mucous excretion from mouth Pasteurellosis
ORGAN : LESIONS : SUSP.DIS. :
Head of chicken Swelling of wattle Chronic Pasteurellosis (wattle form).
 Clinical Description  In the chronic form of fowl cholera, birds that survive the acute infection or birds exposed to a low virulence strain of Pasteurella multocida, often develop swelling of the wattles, sinuses, foot pads, sternal bursa, and joints. This chicken has a large abscess on the right wattle as a result of localized infection.
 Clinical Description  Severely swollen wattles resulting from a localized chronic fowl cholera infection. This swelling is caused by a developing abscess.
 Clinical Description  Severely swollen wattles resulting from a localized infection with chronic fowl cholera.
 Clinical Description  Exudative inflammation of the face and wattles caused by fowl cholera. Chronically infected birds may be a reservoir for the infection for long periods of time. These carriers do not always exhibit clinical signs.
 Clinical Description  Purulent exudate may be found within the facial swellings associated with chronic fowl cholera. Here, the wattle was lanced and a swab sample was taken for bacterial culture, resulting in the isolation of Pasteurella multocida.
 Clinical Description  Swollen wattles are found frequently in susceptible broiler breeders infected with fowl cholera.
 Clinical Description  Swollen wattles and inflammation of the face are frequently found in susceptible broiler breeders infected with fowl cholera. This photo also shows edema of the ears and surrounding facial tissue.
Clinical Description Swelling of the ear canal (middle ear) caused by a chronic infection of Pasteurella multocida.
 Clinical Description  In the chronic form of fowl cholera, suppurative lesions may be found in a variety of locations. In this broiler breeder, severe swelling of the infraorbital sinuses is found on external examination.
 Clinical Description  In turkeys, one of the typical lesions of fowl cholera is the presence of yellow caseous exudate in the sinuses. In this image, the infraorbital sinus has been opened to show the large accumulation of exudate within the sinus.
 Clinical Description  This chicken has hypopyon, a white lesion in the anterior chamber caused by cellular infiltration. This condition was associated with chronic fowl cholera.
 Clinical Description  The presence of yellow caseous exudate in the air spaces of the cranial bones, shown at the tips of the pointers, is typical of chronic Pasteurella multocida infection.
Clinical Description Chronic fowl cholera. This photo shows different degrees of caseous exudate accumulations in the cranial bones, as seen on sagittal section.
 Clinical Description  Petechiae, ecchymoses, and hemorrhages are frequently found throughout the viscera. Here, subepicardial hemorrhages and petechiae are present on the heart and coronary fat.
RGAN : ESIONS : USP.DIS. :
Heart Pet. hemor. On the coronary fat and myocardium. Acute Pasteurellosis.
ORGAN : LESIONS : SUSP.DIS. :
Lung Purulent pneumonia Pasteurellosis
 Clinical Description  This image shows the lungs of a turkey infected with Pasteurella multocida. The left lung has a severe accumulation of fibrinous exudate on its pleural surface. In turkeys, pneumonia is also a common finding associated with fowl cholera.
Clinical Description This photo shows the enlarged liver of a bird infected with acute fowl cholera.
ORGAN : LESIONS : SUSP.DIS. :
Liver Small focal coagulative necrosis (bran mash) Pasteurellosis
 Clinical Description  On post-mortem examination, the liver may be swollen and have white areas of coagulative necrosis. Some less virulent strains of Pasteurella multocida do not induce these lesions.
 Clinical Description  Fibrinous pericarditis and perihepatitis may be found in association with the acute form of fowl cholera.
 Clinical Description  In acute fowl cholera, the most common postmortem lesions are related to vascular pathology. In this image, mucosal hemorrhages can be seen through the serosal surface of the intestine.
 Clinical Description  Here the intestine has been opened revealing hemorrhagic mucosal lesions.
 Clinical Description  The presence of blood and severe congestion in the intestinal lumen is commonly associated with acute Pasteurella multocida infection.
ORGAN : LESIONS : SUSP. DIS. :
Ovary Congested and flaccid ova Pasteurellosis
 Clinical Description  In fowl cholera, lesions of the ovary may include hyperemia and flaccid mature follicles. The ovary of this hen with acute fowl cholera shows a severe hyperemia of the follicular membranes.
 Clinical Description  Hyperemia (vascular congestion) of the follicles associated with acute fowl cholera infection. This image also shows that there is an egg in the oviduct (on the right), indicating that the bird was in lay. Birds in peak egg production are under greater physiologic stress and may die from this infection.
 Clinical Description  Acute fowl cholera showing necrotic, misshapen, and discolored ovarian follicles.
 Clinical Description  This image of the coelomic cavity shows loops of intestines encased in chronic and consolidated egg-yolk peritonitis. This finding is associated with the rupture of follicles or peritoneal bacterial infection. It is a non-specific finding and the differential diagnosis for Pasteurella multocida should include Chlamydiosis, Colibacillosis, and other non-infectious conditions.
 Clinical Description  This image of the coelomic cavity shows loops of intestines encased in chronic and consolidated egg yolk peritonitis. This finding is associated with the rupture of ovarian follicles or peritoneal bacterial infection. It is a non-specific finding and the differential diagnosis for Pasteurella multocida should include Chlamydiosis, Colibacillosis, and other non-infectious conditions.
 Clinical Description  There is yellow yolk material in the coelomic cavity, resulting from ruptured ovarian follicles and chronic egg yolk peritonitis.
ORGAN : LESIONS : SUSP. DIS. :
Opened joint and sternal bursa Arthritis with caseated strenal bursitis Chronic Pasteurellosis (Artheritic form).
 Clinical Description  Swelling of the sternal bursae is a common condition associated with chronic Pasteurella multocida.
Clinical Description Fowl cholera frequently results in localized infections of the hock joints. Here, caseous exudate can be seen over the hock region.
 Clinical Description  The foot has been incised to show a caseous exudate responsible for the swelling in the foot pads, caused by chronic Pasteurella multocida infection.
Clinical Description This image shows a live vaccine “take†on the wing web. Seven to ten days after the administration of live vaccines, the wing webs are evaluated for positive inflammatory reactions (“takes†), as seen here. A successful vaccination against fowl cholera should produce at least 80% “takes†in vaccinated birds.
 Clinical Description  This image shows the result of an improper vaccination technique. The vaccination was administered into the wing vein instead of the wing web, resulting in phlebitis.
 Clinical Description  This culture plate shows two different colonies of Pasteurella. Pathogenicity is correlated to growth appearance, with a rough colony on the right and a smooth colony on the left.