GCA1400
EDUCATIONAL AIR CONDITIONING PLANT
The educational unit type G.C.A./1400 has been designed for the experimental observation under working of the basic devices embodied in an air conditioning plant having a cooling system and of the theoretical laws on cool generation and air conditioning and air treatment systems. Industrial plants for air conditioning are planned keeping into account the physic and climatic conditions of air vs. temperature and humidity which are characteristic on the geographical area where the plant is to be installed. This restrictive condition cannot be accepted for an educational plant that, on the contrary, must allow taking advantage of all its experimental possibilities independently of the place where it is working. It is of interest from an educational point of view to note that this restriction concerns only the plants for air conditioning. All other educational plant can work everywhere except little restrictions due to the height above sea level. To reach the above said aim, it was necessary to design a plant working both on open loop and on closed loop system. In this plant the physical characteristics of air to be treated must be prearranged independently of that existing in its inside. As a consequence the main peculiarity of the plant G.C.A.1400 is to simulate the starting physical conditions of the air with which tests are to be conducted. So is it possible to install the plant in a country having a warm and damp climate and make tests with air at starting condition as the one existing in a cold and dry climate. Of course it is possible with a simple manoeuvre to test the plant with ambient air. Furthermore the plant allows a comprehensive testing of basic techniques related to cool generation. Are so possible investigations on Mollier's diagram for refrigerant gas in connection with the production of cool, and the plotting of the psychometric diagram of the air for civilian and industrial air conditioning applications.
I - 16153 P.D. da Bissone 36r. GENOA - ITALY - Tel.: +39 010 6501969 Fax: +39 010 6501969 e-mail: patrone@ giacomopatrone.com http://www.giacomopatrone.com
GCA1400
GENERAL The plant includes two main parts: ¾ Refrigerating system assembled with a refrigerant compressor, related fittings and cooling circuit, reversing cycle system for HEAT PUMP working (optional) ¾ Air conditioning system that performs two tasks: provides to reach the requested initial status of temperature and humidity of air, treats air to reach the requested final state. The air circuit is fitted with three air locks that may be operated all the three at the same time. According to its reciprocal position the air circulates in closed loop system or open system. AIR CONDITIONING IN CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM Under these working conditions one air lock is opened and two are closed; air is circulating inside the plant through a ventilator in a closed loop system and is carried to the requested initial conditions through the following processes: ¾ Cleaning through a set of filters ¾ Preheating through electrical resistances ¾ Cooling through cooling coils ¾ After heating through electrical resistances or with the heat pump mode (reversing cycle) ¾ Humidification through an humidifier Starting from this moment temperature and humidity of air can be modified up reach the requested final status of conditioning.
COOLING SYSTEM The cooling system includes a refrigerant compressor of the hermetic type and relevant fittings. In order to increase the educational purposes of the plant, the compressor is fitted with a water cooled condenser, two thermometers at water inlet and outlet and a water meter. These instruments together with all the other placed on the cooling system enables to plot the most interesting point of the diagram of the practical refrigerating cycle. To increase the efficiency of the circuit the water flow is controlled by an electro-valve operating by the condensing pressure. The refrigerant flow circuit system includes all equipment required for: ¾ Automatic or manual operation of compressor ¾ Automatic control of flow in cooling circuit of the refrigerant ¾ Equipment for thermal and mechanical control of the refrigerant flow. ¾ Equipment for working of the plant in heating mode (heat pump) COOLING CIRCUIT SYSTEM AND COOLING OUTPUT USER The cooling circuit that includes filter, drier, flow indicator, solenoid valve and thermostatic valve , four way reversing cycle valve feeding the cooling (heating) coils that represent the output user.
AIR CONDITIONING IN OPEN SYSTEM Under these working conditions two air locks are opened and one is closed. Air is sucked from external ambient and after cleaning it passes through the conditioning sections where it reaches the requested conditions of temperature and humidity before to be discharged into the ambient.
I - 16153 P.D. da Bissone 36r. GENOA - ITALY - Tel.: +39 010 6501969 Fax: +39 010 6501969 e-mail: patrone@ giacomopatrone.com http://www.giacomopatrone.com
GCA1400
AIR ENVIRONMENT SIMULATOR AND CONDITIONING SYSTEM This system makes possible to simulate a preestablished external environmental status of the air and afterward to treat the same air to the required conditions of temperature and humidity. In line of sequence this assembly consists of: ¾ High velocity air filters ¾ Thermohygrometer of the wet and dry bulb type ¾ Set of preheating electric resistances rating a total of 8,4 kW and controlled by a thermostat ¾ Thermo hygrometer of the wet and dry bulb type ¾ Cooling coils in CU/AL controlled by a thermostat ¾ Thermo hygrometer of the wet and dry bulb type ¾ Centrifugal type electrical ventilator with max air flow rate equal to 800 cu.m/hour circulation speed of air 4.8 m/sec. - output surface sq. m. 0,046 - electric motor rated 0.35 hp at 1450 r.p.m. ¾ Air lock for the control of the speed and flow of air ¾ Air straighter ¾ After heating electric resistances rating a total of 8.4 kW controlled by a thermostat ¾ Thermo hygrometer of the dry and wet bulb type ¾ Humidifier of air with built in electric motor and water flow indicator ¾ Thermo hygrometer of the dry and wet bulb type ¾ Air locks for the closed and opened loop circulation system The entire air conduit is properly lagged by foamed resins to minimise the heat exchange with the external ambient.
CONTROL PANEL AND INSTRUMENTATION The control panel includes. ¾ Main switch with warning lamp ¾ Voltmeter ¾ Ammeter ¾ Humidifier switch with warning lamp ¾ Pre-heater switch air warning lamp ¾ After heather switch and warning lamp ¾ Ventilator switch and warning lamp. On the compressor circuit are fitted the pressure gauges and the thermometers at inlet to and outlet from compressor and the refrigerant low pressure and high pressure controls. Velocity of air is controlled by a speed meter. TYPICAL EXPERIMENTS ¾ Condensation heat measurement ¾ Control of the difference existing between sensible heat and latent heat ¾ Dew point determination ¾ Air conditioning cycle detection under different working conditions, namely: - Simple heating - Heating and humidification - Heating and de-humidification - Cooling and humidification - Simple cooling. - Simple heating The Air Conditioning plant typo G.C.A./1400 is supplied in standard execution with power supply requirement: 220/380 Volts, 50/60 Hz. Refrigerant gas is R407 (standard) or R134A ozone friendly. The unit can be equipped with pivoting wheels for easy laboratory movement.
I - 16153 P.D. da Bissone 36r. GENOA - ITALY - Tel.: +39 010 6501969 Fax: +39 010 6501969 e-mail: patrone@ giacomopatrone.com http://www.giacomopatrone.com