FRANCIS – PELTON TURBINE EDUCATIONAL UNIT
DIMENSION in meters: Length: 3,40 Width: 1,00 Height: 1,80 Net Weight: Kg.1.800
GENERAL Educational Units for tests on hydraulic equipment, specially water turbines, uncovered channels, etc are affected in general by space problems, due to their bulky configuration This depends in great measure on the need to have available a minimum output from the turbine which should be sufficient to ensure full experiment reliability, and hence to the presence of auxiliary equipment (water tanks, hydraulic circuits) with overall-dimensions that not ever are acceptable as well for what concerns their cost factor. Particularly sensible to these problems are middle and vocational level schools where experimentation, though being bound to quantity and quality of theoretical knowledge contained in the programs in force, needs to be appreciated by students even in the form of numerical terms. On the other hand, design and development of hydraulic turbines featuring appreciable minimum power outputs, i e. 1 HP, involves particular technological problem. With Educational Unit type TDI/FPl it is deemed to have found a satisfactory solution, to the above mentioned dimensional problems In fact it features as follows: very compact configuration - no need of external supply, except the electric supply - shorter downtimes during testing - possible execution of more routine tests in a given time - simple execution of reliability tests over the obtained results - possibility of employment for no-qualified personnel for the operation of the educational unit during the test, absence of parts subject to wear therefore lower maintenance requirements for the unit.
I - 16153 P.D. da Bissone 36r. GENOA - ITALY - Tel.: +39 010 6501969 Fax: +39 010 6501969 e-mail: patrone@ giacomopatrone.com http://www.giacomopatrone.com
DESCRIPTION 0F THE UNIT The Educational Unit consists of as follows - steel base, mounted on castors: - two water tanks fitted with glass level gauge: they are to provide water storage and feed to the turbines and the uncovered channel; - one low and one high head pumps - uncovered tilting flume located between the two tanks - auxiliary water tank for nozzle tests - Francis turbine - Pelton turbine - swinging frame dynamo brake (or other braking system upon request) - control panel TURBINE, DYNAMO (BRAKE) AND ELECTRIC PUMPS The two turbines are mounted coaxial to the dynamo by means of semi-flexible slide-out couplings which allow separate operation of the turbines. The output of the Pelton high head turbine type TP1 is from 0.5 to 1 HP when operating in the speed range 2,700 to 3,000 RPM. The turbine is fitted with Doble distributor system, needle type flow control and is fed by the high head centrifugal pump. Francis turbine type TF1 is reaction type with forced spiral chamber and external distributor. The output is from 0.5 to 1 HP at 2,500 to 3,000 RPM: the turbine is fed by the low head centrifugal pump. This pump provides also water supply to the uncovered flume and the tanks for nozzle tests. DYNAMO The swinging frame dynamo has separate excitation suitable for braking turbines with up to 3,000 RPM. Excitation of dynamo varies by means of an electronic circuit and power output is dissipated through resistances mounted inside the control board. The dynamo is connected to a continuous torque detector whose value can be read directly on the wide dial. Other type of braking system can be mounted upon request.
UXILIARY EQUIPMENT FOR HYDRAULIC TESTS AND MEASUREMENTS a) water tank with level adjustable through manual control, fitted with graduated glass level gauge. A suitable support is provided on the tank wall for 6 types of different nozzles, which are the outfitting of the unit. Through each of them it is possible to determine flow rate measurements and the outflow coefficients as well by checking the level of the storage tank b) Uncovered tilting flume The tilting of the uncovered channel, achieved by means of an articulated lever arm, allows the execution of tests over small streams with uniform flow and slight tilt gradient. It is possible to use this channel with different level heights, hence to test experimentally the relationships between flow rate and height of level through a "hydrometer", which is a graduated stem arranged vertically to the side wall of the uncovered channel. On the front wall and on the bottom of the channel two watertight sight-glasses are provided to allow a view of the water flow and threads. Near to the wall sightglass different weirs may be fitted: one thin walled, one with a large opening and one with an overflow barrier. Other types than these may be fitted to the channel, at the end of it where water outflows. Through the sightglass on the bottom it is possible to see the flow of the water threads at the point where water encounters three bridge pillars (also furnished with the unit). CONTROL BOARD Beside incorporating the electrical equipment for the operation of the pumps, the control board mounts also the following equipment: - Dynamo voltmeter and ammeter - Dynamo excitation control for load regulation - Dial unit for turbine torque readout in Kgm. - Resistances for dissipation of dynamo power output - Along with the pipes feeding water to the turbines are arranged the flow meters by means of orifice gages and head measuring gauges.
I - 16153 P.D. da Bissone 36r. GENOA - ITALY - Tel.: +39 010 6501969 Fax: +39 010 6501969 e-mail: patrone@ giacomopatrone.com http://www.giacomopatrone.com
POSSIBLE TESTS BY USE 0F UNIT TYPE T.D.I./F.P.l Pelton and Francis Turbine: - Tests on theoretical hydraulic power output available - mechanical turbine power output - electric dynamo output and relevant efficiencies obtained under different operating conditions relevant curve plotting. -
Tilting flume Flow rate measurements conducted with various tilt flow rate measurement on weirs and measurement of relevant coefficients through storage tanks comparison of actual data output versus theoretically calculated data. Nozzles: Flow rate tests on nozzles and determination of relevant outflow coefficients at varying flow rate modes through the storage tank. Comparison of actual data output with theoretically computed data.
TENDER SPECIFICATION Educational hydraulic unit for tests on Francis and Pelton turbines coaxially mounted with output power up to 1hp. at 3000RPM complete with feed water reservoirs, two centrifugal low head and high head pumps, turbine dynamo-brake, orifice gauges flow meters and head measuring gauges. The unit should be complete with a variable tilting flume and a level adjustable auxiliary water tank all fed by the same centrifugal pumps, water main reservoirs and pipelines feeding the turbines, for tests on weirs and nozzles. All the system should be mounted on a freestanding steel structure having dimensions of Length 3,4mt. Width 1,0mt. Height 1,8mt. *We reserve the right to modify/improve the unit without any prior notice
I - 16153 P.D. da Bissone 36r. GENOA - ITALY - Tel.: +39 010 6501969 Fax: +39 010 6501969 e-mail: patrone@ giacomopatrone.com http://www.giacomopatrone.com