111101-111216_11062308_CROYDON I

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

CONTENTS -

2 BRIEF/GROUND 3 CONTEXT 4 OWNERSHIP 5 6 SITE BOUNDARY 10 THE SITE 12 18 BRIDGE YARD 19 21 22 RUSKIN SQUARE 24 26 28 30 32 34

> SITE/OWNERSHIP > MASTERPLAN > RESIDUAL SPACE > MASTERPLAN PHASING > PHASING > PUBLIC INTERVENTION > FUTURE PROVISION > UK CONTEXT > LOCAL POSITIONING > PHASING POTENTIAL > SCENARIO A1/A2 > ANALYSIS A1/A2 > SCENARIO B1/B2 > ANALYSIS B1/B2 > SCENARIO C1/C2 > ANALYSIS C1/C2

SAMUEL HIGGINS [ R E _ M A P ] 2012

_ 11062308

1+

+2

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

CONTEXT Brief

_ 11062308

3+

Croydon East Station

Site

PART A: INFRASTRUCTURE > INTERSTICE Infrastructural imposition has created fissures in the urban fabric and displaced spaces and events.

Investigate the NICHE/INTERSTITIAL/RESIDUAL space associated with a mainline railway (and its station), and created by a complex phased development.

Focus on... (Temporality / Permanance) (Adaptability / Mutability) (Materiality / in relation to the Global Polis) Design something that will occupy the space.

GROUND Investigation of the site in a group of three with Ground (topography/ownership/planning juristictions/rivers/sewage/drainage) as the primary concern.

OWNERSHIP Using the East Croydon Masterplan 2011 (Hawkins/Brown) the site is broken down into the constituent actors and their ownership ratios.

This taxonomy system of ownership proportions identifies the influence of parties, calculates residual space amounts and gauges the efficiencies and implications of any intervention into the masterplan site.

+4

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

OWNERSHIP > MASTERPLAN

_ 11062308

OWNERSHIP > RESIDUAL SPACE

Total Masterplan Area

Percentage of Total Ownership Council

Stanhope & Schroder

Network Rail

Menta

Royal Mail

Proposed Developed Area (Shown in Masterplan)

Residual Space _ Existing

Residual Space _ Proposed in Masterplan

5+

+6

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

_ 11062308

SITE BOUNDARY > MASTERPLAN PHASING Existing Condition

Enabling Works

Over time, to allow the phased development of such a large site, ownership is temporarily re-assigned. The latent nature of ownership on the site is in flux - invisible - yet determining the extents and timings of future developments.

The main commercial developer relinquishes 27.6% of site ownership area to enable the “catalyst” bridge site to come into existence.

1. Existing Site

3. Co-operation For Bridge Construction

2. Boundaries Clearly De-Marked

4. Temporary Increase In Network Rail Site

7+

+8

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

_ 11062308

9+

SITE BOUNDARY > MASTERPLAN PHASING Re-activating the infrastructure

Installation

Utilising the defunct infrastructure and residual space by re-installing the previous siding into the site, the proposed bridge development can be efficiently supplied by a nationwide network of goods, skills and services.

The Bridge Yard creates the new bridge infrastructure. It is installed on site on schedule and budget.

5. Intervention > Infrastructure - Re-install disused track to provide a siding to the temporary site.

7. Installation of the completed bridge.

6. Infrastucture > Intervention - Pre-emptive public space enabled whilst Bridge Yard creates new infrastructure.

Infrastructure and Public Space Installation The proposed [Re_Map] interventions operate at two scales.

- The infrastructural intervention sees the re-activation of an ancillary railway zone so that a piece of railway infrastructure can be created more efficiently. This is a minimal interjection for a very large impact towards the initial masterplan phasing.

The bridge construction will not rely on a conjested, expensive and third party road infrastructure. It will be self-reliant and therefore easier to deliver to a strict schedule and budget.

- The pre-emptive activation of a future public space and the intervention of a seating/viewing structure occupy the microurban/temporal niches of the masterplan.

A live performative part of Croydon is activated when the intervention structure encourages people to interact with the ongoing construction of the bridge. The main arterial route of the masterplan is also activated by the intervention.

The design and appropriation of both interventions will be considered in both a temporal and permanent sense with regard to the development of Croydon and the future (or lack of) for the masterplan.

+ 10

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

THE SITE > PHASING 2000-2012 [Re_Map] Intervention + Hawkins/Brown 2011 Masterplan.

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

_ 11062308

11 +

+ 12

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

_ 11062308

13 +

THE SITE > PUBLIC SPACE INTERVENTION Residual Space The Hawkins/Brown 2011 Masterplan was analysed using SpaceSyntax to process the movement of people across the newly enabled bridge site. This identified appropriate residual space that could be used as the site for integrated public domain.

Bridge Interaction Prescribed Routes

The bridge is highlighted as the focal route. Its primary connections to other routes are in yellow, its secondary connections are shown in green.

The masterplan is overdrawn with a set of assumed direct travel lines which negotiate the centre of the site and link up to the bridge.

Total Interaction All of the routes have all of their connections expressed. The heirachy is: red, orange, green, blue - in order of proximity, with red being the strongest, closest links in any given route.

Scale

Combined

Each of the routes is scaled to best represent its importance in the system. The thicker the line, the more connections it has with other routes.

All of the SpaceSyntax data is overlaid to analyse the latent movement patterns through the site.

Residual Space / Intervention The best-fit residual space is defined and rationalised to generate a suitable form for the public domain intervention.

+ 14

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

_ 11062308

15 +

THE SITE > PUBLIC SPACE INTERVENTION

THE SITE > PUBLIC SPACE INTERVENTION

Design

3D Space Planning

In order to produce a contextually appropriate form, the following steps were taken as drivers for the intervention’s design...

In order to provide interaction with the Bridge Yard site during the construction phases, the intervention has been articulated onto set height levels. This provides varying levels of visual access to the Bridge Yard, with the highest planes revealing greater extents of the works, encouraging users to progress further up the intervention.

The sides of the intervention are pulled in on ascending vertical planes to create a plateaued sculptural form.

Grid The intersections of the underlying SpaceSyntax analysis were used to generate a grid system across the residual site.

Fillet Chamfer To allow the smooth flow of pedestrians around the site, sharp edges are filleted and the grid constrained to these proportions.

Breakdown The intervention’s vertical extrusions are further divided using the underlying grid data from the SpaceSyntax study to give a landscaped form which maximises occupiable public space. The design maximises variety and division of the surface to create as many unique micro-spaces as possible, which can be occupied by users in myriad, un-regulated ways.

Stagger Within the constraints of the site, the edges of the form are rationalised to create parallel and perpendicular sides.

Massing The 2D grid form is extruded to give rectilinear 3D geometry.

+ 16

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

_ 11062308

THE SITE > PUBLIC SPACE INTERVENTION Drawings

FULL DEVELOPMENT INTEGRATION

Seating appropriated by workers/residents of the development.

Digital 3D View

PARTIAL DEVELOPMENT & INDUSTRIAL HUB INTEGRATION

Views articulated to all nodes of industrial interest on half of the site.

NO DEVELOPMENT - INDUSTRIAL HUB INTEGRATION

Views articulated to all nodes of industrial interest across the whole masterplanned site.

(See further for site potential flow diagrams)

Digital Prototype Model Section

Prototyping 1:20 Stone Plaster models where cast to analyse the formal qualities, proportions and indicative material properties of the intervention.

Plan

South Elevation Materiality Insitu cast concrete. This is contextually appropriate for all possible uses of the site. It can represent both the functional, industrial use of the site and the clean, sculptural requirements of the fully developed masterplan.

Precedent Freeway Park, Seattle. 1976 Lawrence Halprin

West Elevation

17 +

+ 18

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

BRIDGE YARD > FUTURE PROVISION

BRIDGE YARD > UK CONTEXT

Bridge Yard Relevance

Site Location

In the future the Bridge Yard could function as an integral node in the rail infrastructure of the UK. To understand how it could provide location based maintenance / support / manufacture throughout the network data was collected and analysed.

European scale [THAMESLINK REDEVELOPMENT] “The Transport select committee’s 2011 decision to award manufacturing contract to Berlin based Siemens may result in 1,400 job losses at the largest UK rolling stock manufacturer - Bombadier’s Derby plant.

Of the 1,100 suppliers of goods or services to Bombadier, 900 are UK based.” publications.parliament.uk 110909 In an uncertain Europe, the UK must become more insular with its infrastructure procurement methods - enabling self-reliance. Ruskin Square, Croydon is ideally situated to contribute to this necessary infrastructure.

_ 11062308

19 +

+ 20

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

BRIDGE YARD > UK CONTEXT

BRIDGE YARD > LOCAL POSITIONING

UK Network

Local networks

The rail stock infrastructure in the UK consists of 4,000 vehicles, 2,516 stations and 21,000 miles of track (Railway Industry Association). The distributed network of UK rail infrastructure procurement and maintenance seems extremely small when compared to the scale of the whole rail network.

The site is placed within direct connection of 58 Thameslink stations and 36 Crossrail stations. With the planned and ongoing developments at these sites, the Ruskin Square site is ideally positioned to provide infrastructural support across the whole of both networks.

The site is indirectly linked with the rest of the UK mainline railway track networks. As a hub to distribute (or even manufacture), Ruskin Square is well situated.

_ 11062308

21 +

+ 22

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RUSKIN SQUARE > PHASING POTENTIAL Possible Scenarios The future of Ruskin Square could turn out many different ways. A timeline and series of potential future scenarios have been assessed to understand the potential realities of the Hawkins / Brown masterplan proposals.

Each scenario is used to document the land use efficiency (and residual land creation) of any future function of the site.

It also functions as a tool to contextually explore the way in which the public domain intervention and the Bridge Yard could be appropriately situated for the site’s future use(s).

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

_ 11062308

23 +

+ 24

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RUSKIN SQUARE > SCENARIO A1/A2

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

_ 11062308

25 +

+ 26

ANALYSIS > A1/A2

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

ANALYSIS > A1/A2 A1 Full Development Designated views were analysed to allow user integration with the completed scheme, selected areas of the rail infrastructure and the bridge.

The primary users are the workers of the Masterplan scheme on their lunches and the scheme’s residents on the weekends.

Intervention Analysis

_ 11062308

27 +

+ 28

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RUSKIN SQUARE > SCENARIO B1/B2

Re-massing the site The Masterplan proposed scheme has been condensed to enable Scenarios B1/B2.

41,000m2 from the rear of the site is redistributed into 5 additional stories of residential accommodation on 4 blocks to clear the North of the site.

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

_ 11062308

29 +

+ 30

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

ANALYSIS > B1/B2

ANALYSIS > B1/B2

B1 Developed/Industrial

B2 Developed/Post-industrial

Designated views were analysed to allow user integration with the part completed scheme, selected areas of the rail infrastructure and the key visual nodes of the Bridge Yard.

The North of the site is an integral maintenance/ manufacturing hub for its usable life. Thereafter its infrastructure is given over as additional public domain to Croydon residents/visitors. This is treated as a postindustrial park, celebrating Croydon’s rail infrastructure involvement and providing much needed amenities for the area.

Intervention Analysis

_ 11062308

31 +

+ 32

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RUSKIN SQUARE > SCENARIO C1/C2

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

_ 11062308

33 +

+ 34

_ 11062308

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

ANALYSIS > C1/C2

ANALYSIS > C1/C2

C1 Full Industrial

C2 Post-industrial

Designated views were analysed to allow user integration with the rail infrastructure and the key visual nodes of the whole Bridge Yard.

Once at the end of its industrial life, the whole site becomes a post-industrial park - of a scale which is appropriate for a metropolitan centre the size of Croydon.

Intervention Analysis

_ 11062308

35 +

RESIDUAL SPACE / INTERVENTION

ANALYSIS > C1/C2 C2 Post-industrial

Precedent IBA Emscher International Building Exhibition - Ruhr District, Germany 300sq.km 1989-2014

_ 11062308

37 +