Santa Barbara County Courthouses | Hoff General Hospital by Santa Barbara Historical Museum

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Quarterly Magazine Of The Santa Barbara Historical Society Vol. XXXVII, No. 1

Spring 1991

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Santa Barbara County

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Atlas stands guard aver an archway leading into the Santa Barbara County Courthouse courtyard.

In ourfirst article. Lex Palmer tal{es a look ^ much written about subject, the Santa Barbara County Court house,from a different angle and trac es the history ofthe antecedents to one ofthe most beautiful public buildings in the country. Toiary Louise Days then examines a legacy ofa past war, the V.S. Army’s HojfQeneral Plospital of World War II. All photographs are from the collections of the Santa Barbara Historical Society unless oihe7-wise credited. Back cover photo: The Aguirre adobe, as drawn by Henry Chapman Tmxl.

Michael Redmon, Editor Judy SucclilTe, Designer

Architecture is the art which so disposes and adorns the edifices raised by man, for whatsoever uses, that the sight ofthem may contribute to his mental health, power and pleasure. John Ruskin — The Seven Lamps of Architecture

Courting the Civic Image Kevin 'Tex” Palmer Kevin "Lex" Palmer is a graduate of the Public History Program at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and is currently an historian for the U.S. Forest Service, working in the Modoc Na tional Forest in northeastern California. This article grew out of a team research project on the Santa Barbara legal community.

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o courthouses represent a search for an ac ceptable image reflective of the city’s so cial mores—in a sense, the courthouse is

^HE FIVE COURTHOUSES which havc served the County of Santa Barbara

exemplify the growth of the city of cLL Santa Barbara and its legal communi ty. The County’s settlement patterns have been centered around the city of Santa Barbara, largely due to the adjacent Santa Ynez and San Rafael Mountains,

an architectural advocate representing law-abiding inhabitants. Why did this come to be? The primary reasons date back to Roman civic pride. During the fifth century B.C., Athen ians erected the basileios or “royal stoa,” a structure which is considered the proto type of the Roman justice court.1 The Greeks had cultivated the idea of monu-

making the ocean the most practical transportation corridor. These factors, coupled with the establishment of the presidio and mission in the 1780s, facili tated Santa Barbara’s control over local

mentality, or the special symbolism of important government buildings, by as signing value judgments to their culture’s buildings. As Roman law evolved, its cit izens translated the Greek stoa into the

governmental affairs. Courthouses of western society are powerful buildings placed in the center of the community and government. The courthouse as a symbol of law and society must stand out on its own merit and pro ject its image of strength to overshadow the buildings which encircle the struc ture.

basilica, a more practical structural pat tern which would serve their needs. The legacy of Roman law and monumentality developed into the government palace or palaz;^o gobiemo, as courthous es in Italy are known. European culture

Santa Barbara County’s consecutive 1

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amplified monumental government build ings into an art form which evoked an unconscious social identification. This classical tradition with its time-honored roots became regarded as the style for all temples of justice. Monumentality and the classical style have been infused with an underlying social need. One architec tural expert maintains that thefact is that the state (at every level)demands the respect ofits citizenry. TAore accurately speaking, it is the citizenry it' self which yearns for a state it can re spect—a wish whosefulfillment seems to be easier to achieve architecturally than in government administration-^ The Roman tradition of authoritative symbolism infused itself throughout Eu ropean culture. This is the heritage which crossed the Atlantic Ocean and eventually came to California. Mud and Straw When Santa Barbara moved into an era of Anglo legal domination, it inherit ed the cultural artifacts of the Californio

and stone, and began a crusade to eradi cate the adobe. As previously noted, per manence was symbolic of respectability and this is what the Yankee immigrants wanted desperately—to deny the adoles cent appearance Hispanic Santa Barbara presented. Local merchant Alpheus Thompson erected an adobe on State Street in 1834 with a second-story wooden porch, creating the first example of California’s Monterey style of architecture.3 Thompson’s injection of wood to the adobe added an Anglo element of perma nence. An Anglo visiting Santa Barbara in 1847 illustrated his prejudice toward the adobe by commenting that "some [adobes}, however, are more America nized, and have pretensions to tasteful architecture.”4 With the introduction of wood, the adobe gained a more respecta ble quality. For the new Santa Barbarans, the need for a courthouse reflecting their social values was a pressing matter. Although the Anglos brawled with the adobe con nection, nearly 25 years passed before the residents of Santa Barbara County re ceived an American-style courthouse.

society. After statehood in 1850, Santa Barbara could be characterized as a dusty, disorganized town with adobe buildings strewn about the former presidio. As An glo legal systems replaced the Hispanic courts a need arose for buildings to house these functions. American immigrants viewed the simple adobes of Santa Barba ra with great distaste, for the adobe rep resented frontier conditions, and needed

Aguirre adobe located on 21-33 East Car rillo, served as Santa Barbara County’s first courthouse.5 Constructed in 1841 by Jose Antonio Aguirre, the adobe had a ser ies of nineteen rooms clustered around a

replacement. In the 1830s, east coast immigrants brought with them what architectural historian Harold Kirker has termed "cul

very large courtyard.^ Judicial proceedings were held in the Aguirre adobe until the county purchased the Cota adobe in 1853. This adobe was situated near the corner of

tural baggage.” The Anglos had a cultural predisposition towards more permanent building materials such as wood, brick,

the 700 block of Anacapa Street and East Ortega Street.^ An 1883 newspaper article described the structure as:

Wanted: A Respectable Courthouse After California became a state, the

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dfme. home in its time, built around an enclosed court, with a broad earth platform in front...A profusion of crude colors adorned the walls ofthe rooms. The out buildings at the rear were occupied by a number ofsaddle horses which seemed to use the house itselfas a place ofoccasional recreation.^ The Cota adobe quickly fell out of fa vor because of its adobe construction.

suggested, nor has any serious action ever been taken to remedy the inconvenience the County now labors under."9. The County hoped to establish a courthouse which had classical monumentality, not an adobe which symbolized the Hispanic past. They desired a more permanent and elaborate structure that represented An glo views of law and order. The County located a more respectable

The County'sfirst courthouse, the Aguirre adobe, also served over the years as a barracks,school and postojfice. It was tom down in 188^. At left is the CookBuilding. The 1853 Grand jury "view(ed] with re gret that so rich and flourishing a Coun ty as our own should possess neither a Courthouse nor a jail.” Its report pro posed that the Court of Sessions impose a yearly tax of one-quarter percent, and suggested that the tax be collected until the end of 1856 with the money being loaned out to "responsible persons.” The Grand jury estimated that $15,000 would pay for the erection of the badly needed county buildings. The report concluded that former Grand juries had neglected the issue and "until now no plan has been

adobe in 1855, at the site of today’s mod ern courthouse. The County purchased the adobe from Yankee trader John Kays for a sum of $2,000 cash and $4,000 in county scrip. The Santa Barbara Qazctte approved of the abandonment of the Cota adobe and applauded the selection of the site because, "while it is far enough re moved from the centre of the city to be free from the din and confusion of busi ness, it still requires but a short walk to teach it." The local newspaper concluded: No previous measure heretofore adopted in the history ofthis county has been so be-

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neficiat as this projected one promises to be. In making this purchase, the supervisors will exhibit ajust regard to economy. and a praiseworthy endeavor to promote the public convenience

Fit teen years after the pur chase of the Kays adobe, prob lems began to surface once again. It had become too small to serve the growing needs of the County, a theme which would reappear with each subse quent courthouse. In an 1870 re port, the County Grand Jury stated:

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In relation to County buildings we have closely examined them andfind them insuf ficient, and in a condition bordering on such general dilapidation as to be almost a disgrace to the County of the magnitude and importance ofSanta Barbara... The Court house wefind insufficient,furnish ing nojury rooms,and uncomfortable in its 11

appertainences[sic].

More importantly, the Kays adobe did not reflect the image the city wished to project. With the influx of wealthy east erners, Santa Barbara had begun to pros per in the 1870s. Appearance-conscious Anglos placed a high emphasis on the presentation of an impressive facade and the proper civic image, because they wished to entice more well-to-do vaca tioners to the Central Coast town. The campaign to eradicate the adobe was largely successful, along with the civic improvement movement. One source M f claims the purpose of the city fathers, It seems, was to reconstruct Middletown on the Pacific Coast.”12

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With this in mind, the County re quested design proposals for the construc tion of a new County courthouse in 1871. The County selected local architect Peter J. Barber, who designed a number of local residential and commercial buildings, in cluding the Arlington Hotel.^3 The design of the new courthouse was as traditional as the values of Victorian Santa Barbara. This can be seen in the architecture of the town, which had tak en on the appearance of the communities the residents had left behind in the East. The Daily Press announced that the building would be "a decided improve ment on the unsightly old adobe that has so long served the purpose of a Court house, and it will be an ornament to the town.”14 Fashioned in the classical drum and dome style, a time-honored court house prototype, the structure stylized values one source has called “as tradition al as any designed in the Midwest.”15 The facade of the building had a project ing Grecian pediment supported by a ser ies of four Corinthian columns, and a Greek-cross shaped floor design.16 Ironi cally, the Greek Revival style was no

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LEFT: The third site of the County Courthouse was the Kays adobe. To the right is the domed courthouse that replaced it. In the left back ground is the original San Marcos Building.

surf skiff. High society came to the town when Jose Lobero erected his cheater chat 18 Most importantly, Santa same year. Barbara had the financial means to get its courthouse. With this in mind, coun¬

longer in fashion by 1872. The new Santa Barbara Courthouse, like other courthous

ty residents approved an 1872 bond issue for $500,000, issued at an interest race of seven percent, payable in 30 years for construction of public buildings. After upgrading the image of the County Courthouse for nearly 25 years, the community finally prepared to con struct its first monumental structure.

es and other civic buildings, was passe. Popular during the 1830-1840S, the Greek Revival style appealed to Americans be cause it "expressed sentiment that Amer ica, with its democratic ideals, was the '17

spiritual successor of ancient Greece. As construction began on the County Courthouse in 1872, the American dreams of civic improvement came into being. Conditions on State Street were improved with gas lighting and a dust abatement program, John P. Stearns constructed a wharf allowing visitors to arrive and de part in ships, for the first time, without having to cope with a beach landing in a

The first cornerstone was placed in a ceremony on October 7, 1872. A parade of citizens, Masons, and Odd Fellows gathered at State Street and marched to the new courthouse site where a time capsule was placed during a Masonic ser vice. The contractors and builders were in attendance along with members of the Santa Barbara Bar. County Judge F. J. Maguire and District Attorney J. H, Kinkaid also took part in the rite.19 Court house construction was in progress by December. Santa Barbara found strength in the Greek Revival style. According to one source, courthouses during the late nine teenth century "fulfilled fundamental needs for monuments assuring stability and permanence. Durable architecture provided psychological security and ce '20 mented the stones of faith in posterity. Harold Kirker commented that an exami nation of nineteenth-century municipal buildings in the state serves as "testimony to the California preference for the classi cal style in civic architecture.”2l At roughly the same time, other governmen tal structures such as the United States Branch Mint and several Central Valley

Peter]. Barber, designer ofthe i8yj courthouse, was Santa Barbara’s most prominent architect in the i8yos.

community courthouses were constructed in the neoclassic style.22 The structure was everything the Vic-

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corian community had wanted, for it symbolized the rejection of the Hispanic adobe past. In 1879 a local columnist characterized the populace when he wrote "Santa Barbara is a church-going town, and on the Sabbath Day it has the air of a quiet, staid New England city. We feel here, on this far Pacific shore, the influence of Puritanism.”23 Victorian Santa Barbara’s search for a respectable civic image had ended. The Romance of Spain Paradoxically, by the 1880s, a move ment surfaced in southern California that altered the view Santa Barbarans had of their history. By the late nineteenth cen tury, the majority of the Franciscan mis sions had fallen into ruin. A mission preservation movement began aided by prominent California writers and artists. Novelist Helen Hunt Jackson and her 1882 work, Rjamona, became one of the most potent forces in this crusade. The mission preservation movement grew into the Mission Revival architectural style which lasted from 1890 to 1915. The 1872 courthouse was only two years old when the Daily Press lamented the down fall of an adobe, and predicted that "the time will come when these picturesque tile roofed adobes will be considered great er curiosities than they are now as they '24

will not be so plentiful. Several years later, an article with a similar tone appeared in the local daily. The commentary mourned the potential loss of Santa Barbara’s Hispanic past and observed that within a few years, the Aguirre adobe (paradoxically, the court house formerly disdained by local Anglos); once the pride and boast ofSanta Barbara, will have disappeared orfallen in ruins.

li/^e the old mission, it is ivell worth pre serving as a relic of the days when the warm hearted Spanish people kept open house in all portions of the southern land.^5 Such maudlin literary accounts were a component in the emerging Mission Re vival style. Fostered by the search for an idealized regional identity and a doUaroriented boosterism effort, the movement gained wide acceptance throughout Cali fornia. However, an increasingly sophis ticated Santa Barbara was ready for a more elaborate image with a European flavor. The city toyed with the simple Mission Revival style but eventually adopted the more refined Spanish Coloni al Revival pattern of the 1920s. Accord ing to architectural expert David Gebhard, the Spanish Colonial mode started at the turn of the century when "Santa Barbara and, above all, adjacent Montecito began to acquire stucco and tileroofed villas which were thought of in the looser term Mediterranean, rather than specifically Spanish."26 This can be attributed to the fact that the Spanish Colonial had a strong bond with Roman architectural roots—an association with respectability. The city took advantage of the mission myth and transposed it into a cosmopolitan image Santa Barba ra presents today. Meanwhile, the 1872 County Court house presented a problem which had been common to its predecessors—the lack of space due to a growing city and county population. "The old District Courtroom at the Court House has been divided into two,” the Santa Barbara Dai ly Press noted in 1885.27 The newlycreated rooms were split between the County Assessor and the County Board of Supervisors. By 1890, Santa Barbara had outgrown the records storage capaci-

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Construction ofa Hall ofRecords in i8go offered a temporary solution to theproblemoflackofspace. ty of the 1872 courthouse. The County responded by constructing a Victorian style Hall of Records slightly to the west of the older county building. Though an 1895 Grand Jury Report found "the ground of the Court House well kept, the Court House, in the main, in good repair,” the City’s troubles with civic imagery appeared again. The report recommended "that the Board of Super visors give immediate attention to the pillars at the main entrance, which through the effect of the weather, are be coming somewhat unsightly.”28 This municipal anxiety reappeared four years later, when yet another Grand Jury

port found fault with the courthouse. The members advocated that the Board of Supervisors take action to repaint the courthouse roof and interior of the Super ior courtroom, "as it is sadly in need thereof.”29 These recommendations clear ly reflected the City’s desire to maintain a clean civic image. This concern coin cided with several turn-of-the-century developments in the tourist industry. The long-awaited completion of the the Southern Pacific Coast line in 1901 facili tated tourism. Additionally, the Potter Hotel (a twentieth-century version of the Arlington Hotel) was completed in 1903, and the publicity arm of the Chamber of Commerce began to lure visitors with advertise ments in Sunset maga zine.30 Santa Barbara Construction besan on the new courthouse oefore the old one had been com¬ pletely tom doom. Part of the old complex can be seen at l^t.

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9 an archicectural trade journal. Mathew’s design attempted to "create a scheme Spanish in feeling and in keeping with the climate, history and environment of Santa Barbara ” The architect’s plans had "main towers [that] are reminiscent of Zacatecas ”32 The committee gave William Mooser and his partner Horace Simpson second place for a design with a more practical municipal service angle. Unfortunately, financial problems fol lowing the competition put the plans on hold.34

Damagefrom the 102^ earthquake spelled the end ofthe domed courthouse. wanted to put on its best face for the tourist trade. The Return to the “New” Adobe Following World War I, Santa Barba ra’s cityscape underwent a dramatic change pushed through by the Communi ty Arts Association. These elites hoped to "carry forth the Hispanic traditions as it might have evolved if California had re mained a Spanish colony.”31 By 1919, the 1872 county courthouse, once the pride and joy of Victorian Santa Barbara, had been overwhelmed by the growth of the city and no longer fit the city’s up-todate architectural image. The Board of Supervisors held an ar chitectural design competition to replace the old courthouse and other civic struc tures. Architect Edgar Mathews of San Francisco took first prize. According to

The June 29.1925. Santa Barbara earth quake was a stroke of luck for the members of the Spanish Colonial architectural movement. The shivering earth damaged the majority of State Street buildings and the outmoded 1872 County CourthouseHall of Records beyond repair. In a front page headline two days after the earthquake, the Morning Press an nounced that the County Supervisors were planning a new courthouse. The Su perior Court was relocated to the County Farm Bureau office until construction of a temporary County Courthouse could be completed. Other County operations ConsLmcLion costs for the courthouse came tojust un^r $1.^ million. 1

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The Board ofSupervisors approved the design ofWilliam Mooser and Company.

were temporarily centered out of the Sheriff's office, after telephone lines had been installed in front of the County Jail.35 The makeshift wooden building situated near the corner of Santa Barbara and Anapamu Streets, held the County’s records during the construction of the new courthouse. Following the opening of the new County Courthouse, the County moved the replacement building to a county yard at Laguna and De la Guerra Streets and put it to use as a warehouse.37 The Corrected Courthouse Architectural historian David Gebhard has written, “The high point—really the culmination—of the [Spanish Colonial Revival] style occurred in the building of the Santa Barbara County Courthouse. ”38 Plans for the new structure met the ap proval of the County on October 5, 1925. “We believe we have approved plans which Santa Barbara wants,” County Supervisor Leo Preisker explained.39 Con struction began in July 1926, following the removal of the shattered remains of the Hall of Records and Courthouse and was completed by April 1929.40 The County had found its courthouse image, one Mooser observed would be "more Spanish

than

any

hotel-de-ville

Spain."'ll With this in mind, the dedica tion ceremony took place August 14, i929~the first day of the city’s annual “Old Spanish Days,” Santa Barbara County experienced problems with its courthouses throughout its history. Problems with lack of space brought on by growth, lack of money, or changes in architectural tastes had plagued the County. Whether it was conscious or not the move toward a Spanish town facsimile was a brilliant strategy. Psychologically, visitors would be transported from the typical urban experience in the United States, and this 1920s transition cemented Santa Barba ra’s commitment to the tourist industry. Indeed, local residents expressed, “Thou sands of citizens believe that the building, in addition to its utility, is worth a million dollars to the County in advertis ing alone,” in a 1928 TAoming Press edito rial.42 Santa Barbara fused an eyepleasing regional style into the court house without losing the special symbol ism of important government buildings. Furthermore, the County Courthouse ful filled the cultural needs of the legal com munity and people of Santa Barbara. In 1929, the County Supervisors best ex pressed this when they said.

COURTHOUSES The people ofSanta Barbara have built this Court House. It is an expression of the traditions ofthe county and is built to provide a fitting homefor the type ofgov ernment which the people are striving to develop.'^^ ENDNOTES

20. Willard B. Robinson. ThcPeoplt's Archilecture. Auscin; Universicy of Texas, 1983, p. 4, 21. Harold Kirkcr, California's ArchitectumlFrontier. Santa Barbara and Salt Lake City; Peregrine Smith, 1986, p, 72. 22. Ibid., p. 75,98. 23. Santa Barbara Daily Press, “Sunday Notes”(Janu ary 13, 1879), p.l. 24. Santa Barbara Daily Press, "Disappearing”(April 29.1874),p. 3. 25. Santa Barbara Daily Press,"An Old Curiosity”

1. William Bell Dinsmoor. The Architecture ofAn cient Qrecce. New York: Norton & Company, 1975, p. 206.

Ounc 23,1883), p. 3. 26. David Gebhard,Santa Barbara—The Creation ofa New Spain in America,Catalogue ofan Exhibition,

2. Eugene Raskin. Architecture and People. Englewood Qiffs: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1974, p. 70. 3. Rebecca Conard and Christopher Nelson. Santa Barbara A Quide to ElPueblo Viqo.Santa Barba ra; Capra Press, 1986, p. 61,80. 4. Christopher H. Nelson,"A Survey of Santa Barba ra Architecture To 1930.” M.A. thesis. University of California, Santa Barbara, 1979, p. 50. 5. Cameron Rogers. A County Judge in Arcady Select ed Private Papers ofCharles Fonald Pioneer Califor niaJuristGlendale: A. H.Clarke, 1954, p. 23. 6. Nelson, p. 61, and Conard, p. 126. 7. Conard, p. 115. 8. Rogers,p.99-100.

November yDecember iz, igSz. Santa Barbara: UCSB Art Museum, p. 13. 27. Santa Barbara Daily Press."City and County” (May 11,1885), p. 3. 28. Santa Barbara Grand Jury Report, November 18, 1895. 29. Santa Barbara Grand Jury Report, November 27, 1899. 30. Rochelle Bookspan,

, Santa Barbara by the Sea.

Santa Barbara; McNally and Loftin, 1982, p. 179. 31. Gebhard (1982), p. 18. 32. "Competition for Santa Barbara County Court House and Memorial.” T?ie Bui/ding Review(No vember 1919), n.p.

9. Santa Barbara Grand Jury Report, April 12,1853. 10. Santa Barbara Qazetle, November 22,1853.

33. Gebhard(1982), p. 19.

11. Santa Barbara Grand Jury Report, November 16, 1870.

35. TheMommgPrtssQuly29,192^,p. 1.

IZ Nelson, p.58.

Z7. The Momit^Press. August 14,1929, Fiesta Edition,

34. Conard, p. 132. 36. TheTrfomingPress Quiy 14,1925), p. 1.

13. Conard, p. 132,139.

p.4.

14. SantaBarbaraDaily Press, "Rising”(December 10, 1872), p. 3.

in Southern California.” Journal ofthe Society cf

15. Nelson, p.61. 16. Richard Whitehead,

38. David Gebhard. "The Spanish Colonial Revival

History o/t/ze Santa Barba-

ra County Courthouse, unpublished manuscript. Santa Barbara County Courthouse Docent Files,

n.p. 17. National Trust for Historic Preservation. What

ATchitecturalHistorians{May 1967), p. 139. 39. Stella Haverland Rouse, Need for New Court house. Unpublished manuscript. Santa Barbara County Courthouse Docent Files, pp. 2-3. 40. SantaBarbaraDaiiyPrtss. August 14,1929. 41. Gebhard(1982), p. 28.

Style is It? A Quide to American Architecture. Washington, D.C.; 1983, p. 36. 18. Nelson, p. 61. 19. Santa Barbara Daily Press, "Laying the Corner stone”(Oaober 9,1872), p. 3.

42. The Morning Press, “Courthouse Politics”(August 27,1928). p.4. 43. Santa Barbara Courthouse. Santa Barbara; Schauer Printing. 1929. for Santa Barbara County Board of Si^rvisors.

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Hoff General Hospita.

JIeminders of a War Mary Louise Days

}Aa-rj Louise Days is a native Santa Barbaran andfifth generation Californian. Active in numerous local history and civic organizations, she is a staffmember of the Planning Department ofthe City ofSanta Barbara, is a recognized authority on the historic structures ofthe city, and is a Registered Professional Historian.

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URING World War II there were a number of military in stallations and facilities in Santa Barbara. A few of them

continue to affect the city's planning and operations to this day. A major site, which was active from before the war until shortly after its end, was Hoff Gen eral Hospital, and its effects can be ob served each time a resident drives along outer State Street in the San Roque area. The site is now city-owned for the most part, and is occupied by MacKenzie Park and the Municipal Golf Course. Other World War II facilities includ ed the U. S. Marine base and airfield at Goleta, now the University of California campus and the Municipal Airport, a ra dar station on La Mesa where Cliff Drive meets Marina Drive,l rest and recupera tion establishments at the Miramar and Mar Monte Hotels, the Axis prisoner of war camp west of Ellwood, and Camp Cooke—now Vandenberg Air Force Base —near Lompoc. The McKay-Bothin-La Placita Build ing at 742 State Street housed the United Service Organization (U.S.O.) headquar ters from 1942 to 1946. A civic commit-

tee had planned the facility in mid-1941. Hoff General Hospital was built before war was declared, and a considerable num ber of its buildings remained in publiclysponsored use until i960. A part of the up per site, or Hoff Heights, had been the lo cation of Earle Ovington's Casa Loma Airfield earlier in the century.2 A United States War Department policy of June 1940 decreed that cantonment-type (wood, semi-permanent) buildings would be constructed at new posts. Due to the passage of the Selective Service Act, the Surgeon General pro posed ten new general hospitals, with a total capacity of 10,000 beds. During 1941 nine, including Hoff, were added to five already in use. The purpose of gener al hospitals was to receive patients from other hospitals, and a level, quiet loca tion near transportation was important.3 Indices of the City Council minutes books give dates in late 1940 as the first indications of city actions relating to the hospital. On October 31, 1940, the City Council referred to the Planning Com mission, with hearing dates set, a request of the County National Bank & Trust Company for rezoning of Casa Loma for

HOFF HOSPITAL

"Hospital, U. S. War.” The ordinance amendment affecting the rezoning was adopted in December 1940.The land was at the intersection of what is now Las Positas Road and State Street. At that time Las Positas Road did not extend through to State Street (then Hollister Avenue) from the Coast Highway. The easterly portion of the upper site was near Samarkand Drive, which connects with De la Vina Street, then also called Hollister Avenue in this section.

Colonel W. H. Allen was to be in charge of the facility as commandant. It was re potted that 5,000 windows and 2,000 doors would be used. The ward buildings would be joined by "six miles of canopycovered walks."6 A new AmericanThis detail from a ig^2 city map shows the grounds ofHoffHospitaljust to the west ofLas resent TAacKeU'

A city building permit for a 65-structure general army hos pital was issued to County National Bank and the U.S. Army on January 27, 1941. Its estimated cost was $1,040,000; Allison and Alli son of Los Angeles was the ar chitect; Baruch Corporation of Los Angeles was the con tractor. The Santa Barbara NevjS'Press reported on Janu ary 12. 1941, that rain had stopped grading work on the "million dollar” hospital at Casa Loma, but that 300 skilled workers were at work on the buildings.5 County su pervisors agreed to the use of 4,000 cubic yards of material from a gravel pit and granted a right-of-way for a sewer line. Major B. H. Faber was construction quartermaster. He was later succeeded by Captain Robert Bell.6 By February 2 the estimated project cost was $1,700,000 and 1,167 persons were em ployed on the site. The project manager was L. C. Seckels; H. P. Hess of Allison and Allison was the resident architect;

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LaFrance fire wagon was temporarily sta tioned at the nearby city firehouse on Hol lister Avenue(De la Vina Street now)7 Colonel Allen received notification from the War Department in early Feb ruary that the hospital would be named Tilton General Hospital in honor of Dr. James Tilton, army surgeon-general in the War of 1812.8 Two weeks later it was announced that the name had been changed to Hoff General Hospital honor ing John Van Rensselaer Hoff (18481920), a very distinguished medical offi cer who created the army hospital corps.9 The name Tilton was assigned to the hospital at Fort Dix, New Jersey.lO The News-Press continued to report optimistically on the expected comple tion date of March 1, 1941. On February 19 it was reported that 50 of the 65 build ings were nearly completed; cots, bedding and food had arrived by train. The City Fire Department’s Boy Scout troop planted the first new tree on the hospital grounds.il Personnel appointments were announced. A local man, C. E. Sovine, was named head operating engineer of the heating plant.12 Army officers reported in from around the country. Major Frede rick T. Rice was appointed registrar of the hospital.13 Lieutenant Colonel Rollo R. Bourbon was assigned to Hoff from the medical corps in the Philippines.l4 Colonel Bourbon ultimately made Santa Barbara his home, as did a number of other officers, doctors, nurses and former patients. Rainy weather persisted that spring, and the War Department granted a month’s time extension to the contrac tors, to March 31. The cost projection was increased to $2,000,000.1^ Colonel Allen advanced the public relations of the new facility by speaking to the St. Fran cis Hospital Guild about the history of

NOTICIAS

During his nine-^ear ten ure as mayor, beginning in 1036,Patrick Mahex saw Santa Barbara through the end ofthe Depres sion and the years ofWorld War II.

the medical corps.18 An anticipatory "completion celebration” was held at Sa markand Hotel on March 6, 1941, to honor the building crew and heads of de partments. Mayor Patrick Maher, Su pervisor Sam Stanwood and their wives and other citizens also attended.IT" Work rushed on. A gasoline station, refrigeration plant, dental clinic and sur geries were installed. There were 24 ward buildings and four complete kitchens and dining rooms.18 There would be 750 beds, and barracks for 350 enlisted hospital trainees.19 Most construction was fin ished by late March, in spite of the rain, and personnel continued to arrive. Alice M. Kendrick, head nurse, reported from Florida.20 Warehouses near Samarkand Drive were given new fronts and asbestos shingle siding.21 A month earlier nearby residents of Casa Loma tract had criti cized these warehouses.22 In April the army promised to study relocation of them.23 On April 5, 1941, officers said the hospital would open the following week, when the sewer lines were connected; however, rainstorms did not cease.24 The opening date was changed to June 1, as the road construction work progressed. Enlisted men continued to arrive. A call went out for nurses to staff four new military hospitals in the West. On June

HOFF HOSPITAL

8 completion of further facilities was an nounced, along with the arrival of doc tors such as Captain David L. Reeves. Army records indicate that the facility was ready for its first patient on June 12, 1941. Three soldiers who had been injured in the San Joaquin Valley began receiving treatment that day. By the end of June there were 61 patients.25 Ralph Stevens, well-known Santa Barbara landscape architect, had been employed to draw up a "landscaping de velopment plan.” By the end of May he had completed a plan calling for 4,400 trees and shrubs. "Hardy and fastgrowing” plant material would enhance the grounds and "screen off unattractive structures" such as the warehouses.26 Mayor Patrick Maher expressed the city’s intent to help with the creation of a park out of the hospital site. Recreation plans for hospital person nel were discussed by the City Recreation Commission and by the Chamber of Commerce. Lieutenant F. H. Lord attend ed a lunch meeting for this purpose at Johnston Cafeteria. A big vaudeville show featuring Doris Smith’s dance group, the W.P.A. orchestra, and other performers was held at the mess hall on May 30. A hostess house for enlisted personnel was

opened at 118 East Islay Street by Mrs. Edward Howard. In September a permit was granted for a recreation building and an administration building. Plans for the recreation building had been announced in May. Two additional ward structures and another warehouse were also announced.27 Hoff Hospital became an important facet of Santa Barbara’s wartime life. A Santa Barbara News-Press article dated November 18, 1945, at the time the hospital was being deactivated, gives a complete description of the facility. "There are 100 buildings, with a floor area of 330,467 square feet. They are set on 46 acres of Federal Governmentowned land. There are approximately two miles of pavements of varying widths.” The hospital had a steam heat ing plant, a maintenance crew of nearly 65, including 23 firemen, sewer and water systems connected to the city lines, pub lic utility lines, "8105 square yards of parking area,” a variety of athletic fields, a swimming pool, chapel, morgue, animal shelter, fire station, garages, post office, etc. There were 33 ward-type buildings, 25 by 150 feet. Dimensions of several other buildings are also given. The article includes a six-column-wide site plan illustration of the hospital.28

Construction ofHojfHospital took only about three months. This view is looking east, towards the city.

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Ay IDBA of the Di«tp>ltiide of Hull Oenerol HoeplUI U ob. Uinable from Ible Uroai ahrlrh from (be poet eoitinrrr'a «f> flee at the Anaj' loataJlatloD, which la now Id procewt of brlDg made aarplaa br the Anar. The bbek reciaogiea ara bailAlags, moat of which are Ideollfled bp *roop» In (be fine ippc. The 100 bDlldlDia hare 330,407 M|D8rc feet of floor apace and are apread over 40 acre*.

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HOFF HOSPITAL

An information leaflet called Tip-Hoff contained a map guide to the hospital grounds and a sketch map of Santa Bar bara with points of interest shown. The map shows a "Hoff General Farm” in Las Posicas Valley and a "Hoff Hospital An nex” on Alameda Padre Serra.29 Lloyd Monk, a Santa Barbara native who is on the board of directors of Hill side House, 1235 Veronica Springs Road, informed this writer that Mr. Fred Cole, former owner of the Hillside House prop erty, leased his Pine Grove Farm (the same property) to Hoff Hospital for $1.00 per year for farming and workingwith-one’s-hands purposes, or occupa tional therapy.30 The 1945 Santa Barbara telephone directory lists the Hoff Hospi tal Annex as located at the Jefferson School address on the Riviera, 1321 Ala meda Padre Serra.3l The U.S. Army gave the annex’s location as "Jefferson School, Calif."32 A defense "target survey” circa 1942 states that Jefferson was "not used as school, but as quarters for Field Artil lery Battery.”33 There was a maternity ward at the main hospital, as the writer’s mother re calls visiting a neighbor who had just given birth to twin babies there.34 The neighbor’s officer husband had been post ed to the Miramar Hotel R and R Center following the harrowing Italian Cam paign of the war.35 Each of the hospital’s streets was named, both on the lower section and on the heights. There were Halloran Avenue (Las Positas Road), Northington Avenue (nearest Hollister Avenue), McCaw Ave nue, Miller, Kennedy and Crosby Ave nues, and Shale Road.36 McCaw Avenue is the only street name that remains from the hospital. The city declared it a public street on February 2, i960. All the headquarters functions were on Kennedy

Avenue, at the soucherly edge of Hoff Heighcs. Most recreational facilities and wards were on the Heights. Authorized population as of February 1945 was 1,836. At that time it was pro posed to construct a 500,000-gallon ca pacity concrete water storage tank,37 Bids were sought for the job; the tank and a pump house were built on a slope above Halloran Avenue,38 The tank is still in existence, used for long-term stor age of city records and documents. It is next to the MacKenzie Park bowling green. World War II ended in the summer of 1945, and Hoff’s days as a military facili ty were numbered. In November a tele gram from the War Department an nounced to Colonel Morgan Berry that the hospital was considered surplus.39 The medical wards were emptied. Cor poral John Pesklak having been the last patient admitted. He was number 28,506, attesting to the heavy use given the in stitution. The T^civs-Press repotted, "Many of the 102 buildings making up the Army’s Hoff General Hospital stood empty Thursday and by Saturday the great medical empire will be only a sem blance of its former state of impor tance. ’40 Santa Barbarans promptly took an interest in the hospital as surplus. Citi zens telephoned the administrators ask ing to buy surplus articles.41 Then, in an action typical of Santa Barbara’s civicminded citizens, the Council of Social Work addressed a letter to the County Board of Supervisors requesting it to at tempt to prevent disposition of the hos pital until a study could be made of pos sible community uses of the facility. Mrs. Fred J. Glahn, president of the group, wrote, "We believe the facilities might well be used in a number of ways

NOTICIAS

18 of inestimable value in the health and "42 welfare program. Later in November, 1945, the NewsPress stated that over two hundred prison ers of war had arrived from Camp Cooke to dismantle and crate equipment at the hospital. Then, suddenly, the work was halted on orders from the Ninth Service Command.43 A News-Press editorial re ported that the county’s interest in using the buildings for emergency housing or for

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I San Ppqiie Parish HaLl,3208 CalU Cedro other public uses was responsible for the federal action. The editorial went on to discuss possible uses and to point out the great postwar needs of the community.44 In early December the Board of Super visors ordered a survey of possible uses.45 A new commander took over at the hospi tal, Major F. W. Lampert, who planned to retire in Santa Barbara. He stated that final disposition of the facility was still uncertain.46 On February 9, 1946, Con gressman George E. Outland sent a tele gram to Charles A. Storke of the NewsPress informing him that Hoff Hospital had been declared surplus and would be sent to an agency for disposition.47 The Federal Public Housing Authority agreed to convert some Hoff buildings into 70 emergency housing units.48 Cries went up about the necessity of cutting

red cape. Mayor Herberc Weyler appointed a committee to plan for disposi tion of the reconversion project when the emergency officials entered the sice in lace May, 1946.50 The County Veterans Service Officer asked chat buildings pro posed for demolition be also retained for needed housing.5l By 1947 some of the buildings were used as housing for univer sity students. Hoff Heights Cooperative Nursery School was organized by faculty wives for their children. It later moved to the Riviera Campus and then to 605 W. Junipero Street in 1958, where it assumed its present name, "The Oaks ParentChild Workshop.”52 Public housing use of some of the former hospital buildings continued for several more years. Twenty-seven Hoff buildings were placed on the auction block in April 1947. The newspaper said at this time that about 1300 persons lived on the grounds.53 High priority was given to governmental agencies, non-profit insti tutions and small businesses.54 The build ings, including the chapel, were sold. In 1949 the buildings which had been used by the university were sold; prices ranged from $75 to $2000.55 In early 1956 the City of Santa Barbara purchased the former hospital land, ex cluding the armory site, from the County Housing Authority and the U S Public Housing Administration. Fremont Hall, the U.S. Army reserve center and armory at 3227 State Street, had been built from plans prepared by Howell and Arendt, ar chitects, in 1955. Citizens had recom mended park and recreation use of the hospital site.56 Controversy raged over proposed uses and over the plight of fami lies who were living in Hoff Heights. Plans slowly evolved for the city-owned public uses, which were to include a golf course. An anonymous donor gave

HOFF HOSPITAL

$14,000 for development of the park in 1959, and in i960 the remaining buildings were removed. The park was later named for Finlay MacKenzie, city park superin tendent who had died in 1961.^7 A list of remaining structures known to have been moved from the Hoff site follows the Endnotes. Mote complete de scriptions of them can be found in this writer’s 1988 paper on the subject. A number of structures were moved to other locations and later demolished, such as those at Peabody School and on Turnpike Road near the railroad tracks. The origi nal Pilgrim Terrace public housing units were not relocated from the Hoff Hospi tal site.59 ENDNOTES 1. Anthony O. Days, personal communication, May, 1988; "MovedBuildings” list, Gty Building Dept., c. 1949. A barrack building was moved to 220 Palisades Drive in 1947, where it was convert ed to a dwelling (permit C-2443 dated Feb. 14, 1947). A military office was moved from the same area to 126 Cooper Road (permit D-1095 dated April 20,1948). 2. Tompkins, Walker A., The Samarkand. Southern Santa Barbara County Board of Realtors, 1978, p. 8. 3. Smith, Clarence McKittrick, United States Army in World War 11, The Technical Services, The Nledical Department:Hospitalization and Evacua tion,Zone ofInterior, Washington, D.C., 1956, p. 18-20, courtesy Lt. Col. Qayton R. Newell. 4. Minutes of the City Council of the City of Santa Barbara, Book 5, Pages 231, 272, 288, 297; Ordi nance No. 1853, City of Santa Barbara, adopted December 26, 1940. The ordinance rezoned Hoff Heights from R-1 to R-3. The lower land was al ready zoned C-1. Both R-3 and C-1 allowed hos pitals. The land was rezoned to E-3 one-family in 1950. 5. Building permit number B-5728, 3101 Hollister Av enue (State Street); Santa Barbara News-Press, January 12,1941, p. 10. 6. Ibid., January 14, IS^l, p. 7; May 18,1941, p.l5,17. 7. Ibid., February 2,1941, p, 8; February 5,1941. 8. Ibid., February 7,1941, p. 10. 9. Ibid., February 15,1941, p. 7; Malone, Dumas,ed.. Dictionary of American Biography, New York, 1932, vol. 9, p. 574. Col. Hoff served in the Civil War,at the battle of Wounded Knee, and in the Spanish-American War and World War I. His

medical degrees were from Columbia College aad the University of Vienna. He was a strong prop onent of formal military recognition of the army’s medical departments, for three of which he was chief surgeon. 10. Smith, C. M., p. 19. 11. Nojjs-Press, February 10,1941, pgs.6& 7. 12. Ibid., February 20,1941, p. 9. 13. Ibid., February 23, 1941, p. 13; March 5,1941, p. 5; March 8, 1941, p. 7; May 9, 1941, p. 6; May 18,1941, p. 15,17. 14. Ibid., February 27,1941, p. 11. 15. Ibid., March 2,1941, p. 13. 16. Ibid., March 6, 1941, p. 8. A photograph of the Col. William H. Allen family appeared in the April 27,1941, A^ews-Press, p. 11. His son, Capt. W. H. Allen, Jr., was soon to leave for duty at Schofield Barracks in Hawaii. 17. Ibid., March 8,1941, p. 9. 18. Ibid., March 9,1941, p. 15. 19. Ibid., March 15, 1941, p. 9. Heaving rains and flooding occurred during this period. 20. Ibid., March 23,1941, p. 3. 21. Ibid., March 30,1941, p. 17. 22. Ibid., February 28,1941, p. 11; Feb. 27,1941, letter from Louis Lancaster to the City Council. 23. Ibid., April 6, 1941; Minutes of the Santa Barbara City Council,Book 6, p. 37. 24. News-Press, April 6,1941, p.l5; April 18,1941, p. 6; May 4,1941, p. 15. 25. Smith, C. M., pgs. 306-307. This book also states that the authorized bed capacity as of April 1945 was 1,141, and that specialties were genera! and or thopedic surgery and the deaf. News-Press, May 18,1941, p. 15,17; May 23,1911, p. 1; June 8,1941, p. 15;June 13,1941, p.l3; June 29,1941, p. 15. 26. News-Press, April Z7,1941, p. 17; June 1,1941, p. 13,17,18. 27. Ibid., April 9. 1941, p. 9; April 16, 1941, p. 11; May 17, 1941; May 25, 1941, p. 15; May 31, 1941, p. 2; city building permit number B-6233, dated September 15,1941. 28. Santa IhrbaraNews-Press, November 18,1945, p. C-4. 29. Photocopies from "Tip-Hoff,” c. 1944-45, Santa Barbara Historical Society Library file. 30. Monk, Lloyd F., to Mary Louise Days, June 3, 1988, personal communication. 31. Santa Barbara Telephone Directory, 1945, collec tion of Anthony O. Days. 32. Smith. C. M. p. 73. 33. Target Survey, City ofSanta Barbara, C. W. Moore, Camouflage Officer. 34. Days, Virginia R., late May 1988, personal com munication. 35. Days, Anthony O., late May 1988, personal communication. 36. Site plan, "Hoff General Hospital, Santa Barba ra, Calif. Water Distribution System,” Office of

NOTICIAS

Post Engineer Arthur E. De Mott, 5 February 1946, file “Hoff Tank” at Water Resources Of fice. City of Santa Barbara37. “Report, Design Job No. 1857-A, Hoff General Hospital, Santa Barbara, California, Survey of Water Supply System,” 20 February 1945, Struc tures and Utilities Section, in “Hoff Tank” file. 38. Speci/icationsforAddiLionalWciter Supply Facili ties Job No. Hoff(Jen. Hosp. ESA zzo-^ at Hoff (Jeneral Hospital Santa Barbara,California, U.S. Engineer Office Los Angeles, California, 21 May 1945, in "Hoff Tank” file; site plan, 39. SantaBarbaraNews-Press, November 11,1945, "Hoff Disposition” clipping file, News-Press Li

brary. 40. Ibid., November 8,1945. 41. Ibid., November 6,1945, 42. Ibid., November 9,1945. 43. Ibid,, Novemer 20 and 29,1945. 44. Ibid., December 3,1945. 45. Ibid., December 7,1945. 46. Ibid,, December 22,1945. 47. Telegram from George E. Outland, M. C., to Charles A. Scorke, News-Press, Feb. 9, 1946, News-Press clipping file48. SantaBarbaraNews-Press, March 14,1946, p.l. 49. Ibid., July 11,1946, p. B-1, 50, Ibid., May 27,1946, p. 1. 51. Ibid., July 24,1946, p, B-1, 52. Ibid,, May 3,1946, p, B-1; October 9, 1947, p. A11; interview with Marilyn Scatucki, director, Jan. 10,1991, after information from Mayor Shei la Lodge on Jan. 2,1991. 53. Ibid., April 24, 1947, p. A-12. 54. Ibid., May 8,1947, p. A-12. 55. Ibid., July 27, 1947, p. D-2; Feb. 22.1949, p, B-1. 56. Days, Mary Louise, Parl^Histories, City ofSanta Barbara, City Planning Division, Community Development Department, 1977, p. 48.

57. Ibid. 58. Days, Mary Louise, “Hoff General Hospital and Its Remnants.” unpublished paper, June 1988. 59. City building permit number C-855 dated Aug. 11, 1945, for nineteen buildings, issued to Federal Pub lic Housing Authority for Navy personnel. Pil grim Terrace buildings were demolished in 1981 and replaced with a senior housing project.

buildings, the ones usually chosen for moving off cbe site, were about 25 ft. wide and 150 ft. long- Usually, they were cut into mote than one length and re established as smaller buildings on their new sices. 122 W. Alamar Avc. ; a residence. 700 E. Anapamu St.: Santa Barbara High School campus, children's care center. 3208 Callc Cedro; San Roque Church parish hall, formerly the Hoff chapel. 2519 De la Vina St.: three duplex residences. 150 A, B, C, D El Sueho Rd.: two duplex resi¬ dences. 609 E. Haley Sc.; charitable agency offices. 5396 HoOister Ave.; four residences. 3910-3918 La Colina Rd.: two duplex residences and a single family residence. 315-317 and 329-331 N. La Cumbre Rd.; two du plexes probably moved from Hoff. Coincidentally, an occupant stated that he had lived in Hoff Heights as a child. 383-385, 387-389, 391 N.La Cumbre Rd.: two du plexes and a single residence. 5l7 Laguna St..- commercial building; the owner, Paul Bagley, a 1943 patient at Hoff Hospital, re turned to Santa Barbara soon after the war. Years later he learned that his business building had been part of a mess hall. Information courtesy of Wm.B, Dewey and Mr. Bagley, August 30-31, 1990, con firmed by a building permit. 215 N. Nopal St.: portion of a convent. 310 W.Padre St.: portion of Bach St. section of Schott Continuing Education Center. 212-214 N. QuarantinaSt.: industrial building. 814 Santa Barbara St.: school buildings. 920 Santa Barbara St.: part of Alhecama Center (Rm. 9); another piece of the same hospital building which was placed elsewhere on the property has been demolishcd. 3118 State St.: commercial building(rear). 3122 State Sc.: commercial building(rear) 110 Wye Rd.: apartments The Water Tank:(not moved from original site) used for document storage. Photo below.

BUILDINGS MOVED FROM HOFF HOSPITAL SITE KNOWN REMAINING

. AS

AS OF JANUARY 1991 Mary Louise Days Most of the buildings moved from Hoff General Hos pital to ocher locations in the Santa Barbara area were of one-story wood frame construction, with me dium gable roofs and asbestos shingle siding. They h^ glass windows or groups of windows of wood, doublehung, with six-over-six panes. The ward and storage

K:,M

SANTA BARBARA HISTORICAL SOCIETY BOARD OF TRUSTEES

Mr. David F. Myrick .

President .. First Vice President Second Vice President

Mrs. Susan B. Simpson Mr. Michael Rodrigue

Secretary Treasurer

Mrs. Jean Goodrich . . , Mr. David W.Gledhill

Mrs. Helene Beaver

Mr. J. James Hollister, III

Mrs. Jean Callanan Mr. Leland Crawford

Dr. C. Seybert Kinsell Mrs. Delfina R. Mott

Mr. Oswald J, Da Ros Mr. C. John Douglas, III Mr. Michael Galvin

Mr. Donn Tognazzini Mr. William G.Troiano, Jr. Mrs. Julie Villa Mr. John C. Woodward

Mr. William F. Luton, Jr., Executive Director LIFE MEMBERS Mr. Stephen A. Acronico Mr. and Mrs. William B. Azbel! Mr. and Mrs. J.W. Beaver Mr. and Mrs. Danily Bell Mr. Marvin J. Branch

Mr. and Mrs. Keith Gledhill Mr. Richard C. Harpham Mrs. Natalie B. Clark-Harpham Mr. and Mrs. Glenn D. Hillebrand Mr. Eric P. HvolboU

Dr. and Mrs. Ashleigh BriOiant Mr. H. R. de la Cuesta Burkhart

Dr. C. Seybert Kinsell Mr. and Mrs. William F. Luton, Jr.

Mrs. Virginia Castagnola-Hunter Mr. and Mrs. Pierre P. Claeyssens Mr. and Mrs. Charles Cleek

Mrs. Jane Rich Mueller

Mrs. M. C. Conkey Mrs. Florence Corder-Witter Mr. J. V. Crawford Mr. Richard G. Croft, Jr. Marla Daily Mrs. R. E. Danielson, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Oswald J. Da Ros Mrs. Albert de LArbre Mr. and Mrs. Gordon Fish Mr. and Mrs. Wilson Forbes Mr. Donald R. Foyer Mrs. Helen W. Foyer Master John Galvin Mr. Michael Galvin Miss Sally Gane

Mr. Spencer L. Murfey,Jr. Mr. William W. Murfey Mr. David F. Myrick Mr. and Mrs. Godwin J. Pelissero Miss Frederica D. Poett Mrs. Rena Redmon Mrs. Alma R. Ritchie Mr. and Mrs. Wade Rubottom Mrs. Russell A. Ruiz Mrs. Melville Sahyun Mr. Peter J. Samuelson Mrs. Nina Sandrich Mr. and Mrs. J. Terry Schwartz Mrs. David Shoudy Mr. Walter G. Silva Mr. and Mrs. Burke H. Simpson Mr. Ivano Paolo Vit

Mr. and Mrs. John C. Woodward BENEFACTORS; Santa Cruz Island Foundation, Northern Trust of California, Jon Douglas Company and Two Anonymous Categories of membershm; Life/Benefactor. $5,000 or more; President’s Circle, $1,000; Patron $500; Associate, $250; Sustaining, $ioo; Supporting, $50; Regular, $30. Contributions to the Society are tax-exempt. Museum & Library; 136 East De la Guerra St.. Santa Barbara. CA 93101 ● Telephone; 805/966-1601

Non-Profit Organization U.§. Postage PAID Santa Barbara California Permit No.534

NOTICIAS Quarterly Magazine of the

Santa Barbara Historical Society P.O. Box 578 Santa Barbara, California 93102-0578

Address Correction Requested Forwarding Postage Guaranteed

CONTENTS: Pg. 1: Courting the Civic Image (Courthouse) Pg. 12; Hoff Hospital