Rocks of Ages: Santa Barbara Stonemasonry

NOTICIAS Quarterly Magazine Of The Santa Barbara Historical Museums Vol. XL, No.i

Spring 1994

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Through the gemraLions the t>eauLy ofthe Santa Barbara area has been enhanced by the Jiandnvrought stonework, that graces its hills and valleys. Patricia Cleek brings to the pages ofNOTlCIAS the sLoi-y ofthose skilled artisans who worked in stone and an ap preciation oftheir art.

Thefront cover photograph depicts the Trinity Episcopal Church, i^oo State Street.

The stoneworkivas directed by Peter Poole. The church was badly damaged in the 1925 earthquake. The back cover photograph by Patricia Cleek shows Poole’s Rattlesnake Canyon hnidge. The postca7d above shows how stoneivork was used througliout Santa Barbara’s Riviera. Allphotographsfrom the collections of the Santa Barbara Historical THuseums unless otherwise noted.

This issue ofNOTlClAS has been made possible by the generous gift ofan anony mous donor.

Michael Redmon, Editor of NOTICIAS Judy Sutdiffe, Designer

© The Santa Barbara Historical Society 136 E. De la Guerra Street, Santa Barbara. California 93101 Single copies S5.00 ISSN 0581-5916

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SANTA BARBARA STONEMASONRV Patricia Gardner Cleek Patricia CUekis a longtime docent at the Santa Barbara Historical Museums and the Santa Barbara Museum ofArt. She has previously contributed a number ofarticlesJbrNOTIClAS.The author wishes to thankthefollowingfor sharing information and photographs:Marian Arroqui Ppeser,Ernestine Antolini, Helen Qonzfiles Fox,Margaret E.Johnston, Oswald Da Eps,Innocente Buzzdla,Br. Timothy Arthur,O.FM.,Chfion Smith.

the quality of local stone to a newspaper reporter. He noted stone came in two col ors, brown and a rare blue:

f _^TONE is a time-honored building material in the Santa Barbara area.

IDeposits of "Coldwater" sandstone -*-^/may be found in the Carpinteria, Montecito, Mission Canyon, and San Marcos Pass areas. Exposed on the south flank of the Santa Ynez Range, it is a hard stone, grayish-white in color, weathering to buff. This stone was quarried in Mis sion, Cold Springs, and Rattlesnake can yons and used in the Old Mission and in walls in Mission Canyon.^ Other sand stone may take on a hue of greenishbrown, while siltstone is dark gray.

The red rock colored by iron oxides of the Sespe formation is also found in abun dance, sometimes overlapping with beds of Coldwater sandstone. This rock con

There are also two grades, the common cobble orfoundation stone usedforfounda tions,curbing,and guttering,and the cutting stone upon which fancy engraving is done and ofwhich ornamental trimmings are made.

This latter is the valuable and peculiar rock ofthis vicinity. It is tenacious, sustaining as great a weight as iron...^ In 1889, William Ferl, wdio lived in a stone house near the intersection of Mountain Drive and Coyote Road, was also impressed with the high quality of local stone. He reported that there were "millions of tons" of building stone on his place that "resemble somewhat the celebrated brownstone so popular in Phil adelphia and New York.”^ Four years later, W. L. Record, pro prietor of the Marble Works on De la Guerra Street, thought enough of the quality of local red and blue sandstone to send samples to the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago stating, "Most of

sists of shale, sandstone, and conglomer ates. Beds of ted conglomerate, as well as buff-colored sandstone, are visible along San Marcos Pass and Sycamore Canyon.

The red conglomerate was used chiefly in railroad beds, roads, and driveways.

In 1883, John A. Pilcher, a stone cutter originally from North Carolina, praised

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chese scones are found in large quancicies in this councy, and will show chat we have good materials in reach, as Mission Canyon abounds in this kind of rock.”^ Not only was the scone used locally, buc with che arrival of the railroad, was shipped CO ocher areas. From June 1899 co June 1900, che Souchern Pacific shipped 4,675 cons of building scone ouc of che councy and in 1901. carloads of sandstone quarried on che Alexander Grant proper ty in Moncecico were shipped co Los An geles for residence conscruccion.^ The Beginnings Early in che nineteenth century, Chumash neophytes, under che padres’ supervision made use of che rocks washed down Mission Canyon by heavy rains in conscruccion of che Old Mission. By 1811, che scone arcade of che front wing

had been completed and is today che oldesc surviving portion of che strucCLirc.

Although some early arrivals, such as Jo seph Chapman and Daniel Hill were skilled in sconemasonry techniques, it was not until che 1870s chat one sees an influx of stonemasons and che use of masonry as an important conscniccion device.

Many of che techniques used by ma sons in this early period would remain basically unchanged until after che Sec ond World War, The most skilled work er was che scone cuccer. who shaped che quarried rock with wedges and chisels into rectangular or mosaic blocks. It cook four or five cutters co prepare and shape the stone for che mason co sec. Scone dressers worked on curbing. Today scone is often pre-cuc using pneumatic cools which allows che mason co combine all chese activities. This does result in a loss

The Unitarian Church, at che corner of State Street and Arlington Avenue, was a masterpiece of che mason's art. Built in 1890 by Thomas Hogan, the church was destroyed in che 1925 earthquake.

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of individual texture wrought by the skilled craftsman.

There are any number of masonry de signs in the walls in Santa Barbara and Montecito. One of the simplest utilizes fairly uniform-sized, rectangular blocks and is known as coursed ashlar. Random ashlar calls for rectangular stones of dif ferent sizes which give the mortar cours es between them a broken effect. Broken ashlar uses irregularly shaped stones, but maintains the horizontal beds upon which they test. The Riviera has a num ber of examples of this design.® Thomas Hogan and His Quarry Thomas Hogan (1848-1917)came as a boy with his father from England and first settled in Kingston, New York. He came to Santa Barbara in about 1887 and was sufficiently experienced to receive the building contract for the Unitarian Church in 1890, as well as the cut-scone contract for the Fichian Building in 1895. In 1899, he got a large construction job from the Southern Pacific Railroad to build a six to seven-foot high scone wall of several hundred feet in length to protect the rails from the elements along Ortega Hill just west of Summerland.

The stone was cut on the nearby John N. Hiller Ranch.^ By the turn of the centu ry, Hogan was primarily a railroad con tractor and in 1901, he was engaged in stonework for the Southern Pacific line in Ventura County.

In 1903, he and J. K. Harrington pur chased forty-one acres in Sycamore Can yon. Harrington was a civil engineer, who had extended the water system for the city in 1901 and had put in a water system for the Pacific Improvement Company in Hope Ranch. The State Mineralogist in 1901 appointed field as-

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sistants to gather information regarding the mines and oil wells in parts of Cali fornia to be incorporated in a mineral map of each county. Harrington was ap pointed to be in charge in Santa Barbara County. Perhaps he discovered the quarry site during this tenure, for two years later the deal with Hogan was struck.

The M.oming Press described Hogan’s quarry work in some detail; The Southern Pacific railroad is handling large quantities ofstonefrom the T.TVf. Hogan stone quarries east ofthis city. Mir. Ho gan has been getting out some veryfine build ing stonefrom the Sycamore canyon near the Mountain drivefor many months,and the de mandfor this material is constantly increasing.

There are 3 different varieties of stone tahen by him, and each ofthem is finding a ready market. One ofthe very best stonesfor building materials is a blue sandstone, ofa veryfine grain...He is also quarrying much ofthe common variety ofsandstone, and not farfrom where these building stones are be ing taken out, is a large deposit of red con glomerate, which is used extensivelyfor road bed andfor truck ballast.

Ever since the work was started on the Bay Shore cut-off by the Southern Pacific railroad, Mr. Hogan has been shipping this north in car load lots. Some stone was atfirst sent up from Chatsworth, but now opera tions have ceased there, and Mr. Hogan is filling all orders from the Santa Barbara quarry... .Mr. Hogan employs ly men at his Santa Barbara quarry. ..

The article also discussed Hogan’s in volvement in local projects, including the use of the red conglomerate in the construction of the new electric line for the Interurban Railway Company and his role in the paving of Pedregosa Street

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In 1^10, masons under the direction ofJoe Dover and Fred Moore built a i2.oo~foot wallfor Santa Barbara Cemetery.

between State and Anacapa streets. By February 1907, he had finished his work on the trolley line up to the bridge near the Beale estate (site of today’s Santa Barbara Zoo).

The quarry was later described in the State Mineralogist of 1915-16; Hogan Q^rry...is^ miles north ofSanta Barbara in the Sycamore Canyon. T. M. Hogan, 8z6 Orange Ave., owner. Beds of hard gray sandstone,a couple ofhundredfeet thick outcrop in Sycamore Canyonfor sever al hundred feet. Stonefrom this quarry was used in building the breakwateriperhzps re fers to the sea wall along Cabrillo Boule vard] at Santa Barbara;also in the portals of the Bay Shore cutofftunnels in San FrancisCO,and the Sespe,Pirn,and Santa Clara rail road bridges in Ventura County. Idlefor past five years?

In June 1906, he resumed work for the Southern Pacific, building the bridge at lower Anapamu Street, part of the rail-

road’s double track project. That summer he received the contract for the railroad roundhouse, but this was delayed due to the soft ground in the area. At the end of 1909, after a two-year hiatus in Cama rillo doing quarry work for the S.P., Ho gan began construction of the masonry turntable for the roundhouse. There had been delays waiting for the "great granite stone upon which the pivot of the table rests and swings.”

The stone of local quarries was too soft for heavy duty. Fi nally in August 1911, the roundhouse was completed. It had been a long time coming.

Hogan closed his career as a county bridge inspector. In December, 1916, he accused contractor F. F. Moore of shoddy work on the Romero Canyon bridge in Montecito. This was the old man’s last stand for high standards of workman ship. He died a month later in January 1917. He was remembered for his thirty years spent in Santa Barbara as a bridge builder and contractor.

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Joseph Dover (1861-1930)

sion Canyon Road bears the date of 1891 on the mountain side.

With financial aid from Hazard, Do

Joseph Dover was born in Santa Barba ra in 1861. His father, an English seaman, arrived here in the 1850s and married into a Spanish family. Joseph, "with adven turous blood in his veins,” enlisted in the U. S. Navy at the age of seventeen. Af ter contracting malaria, he returned to Santa Barbara and in 1880 joined a crew on a sailing boat operating between Santa Barbara and Santa Cruz Island, but soon

ver also constructed a stone bridge over Mission Creek in 1891, Dover was most proud of the rock wall with a sawtooth top which he constructed for the Haz ards, running along Puesta del Sol Road and continuing along Mission Canyon Road to his stone bridge.

Dover also worked on commercial buildings around town. In 1896, he re ceived the stonework contract for the

abandoned the seafaring life to become a stonemason,12 During his travels "he had studied the fine stonework of naval docks

Alexander Building at 717 State Street, a Renaissance-style structure designed by Francis Wilson, later architect of the

and tried to achieve their strength and symmetry in his own work.’’^^ One of Dover’s first major jobs was on the Dibblee home, located on the

Southern Pacific depot. 1905 saw Do ver under contract to Augustine Goux, laying a foundation for a new brick building on the northwest corner of State and Figueroa streets, the "Goux Block.

In 1910, Santa Barbara Cemetery and William Miller Graham joined forces to extend the ashlar stone wall at Booth’s

present campus of Santa Barbara City College. According to T. Wilson Dibblee, Mio was a child at the time, stones quar ried in Mission Canyon for the founda tion and walls were brought by wagon to the Mesa site where they were hand-cut

by Joe Dover.

About 1890, Rowland Hazard discovered Dover at work on a wall for the Old Mission, adjacent to his own property on Mission Hill, Hazard, who had built stone walls in his native Rhode Island so admired Dover's work he

Point along the perimeter of the cemet ery property. Thomas Nixon was to de sign the wall, which "will be four feet high and about midway on the Booth Point — Road will be a large and beautiful entrance. The

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gateposts will have stone caps five feet wide.”^^ The Santa Barbara Cemetery Association contracted Do-

Coursed Ashlar

received the pastor’s per mission to have Dover continue the wall onto his property, where he had him construct massive matching cylindrical gateposts.

The terrace in back of the Hazard home, now St. Mary’s Retreat, is bordered by a wall with a circular lookout and another impressive gatepost. The wall near Mis-

ver and Fred Moore, who

had worked on the Stanley McCormick estate in Montecito to construct the 1200-foot wall.

Dover also did extensive work on the Riviera. Investors under the leadership of George Batchelder had purchased the Ri viera in 1913 and opened tract sales the following year. Under the management

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One ofthefirst homes on the I^viera with extensive stoneworks was the estate ofClarence Black, El Cerritos. The house is now part ofthe Marymount School campus.

of the William R. Staats Company of Pasadena, work began on Lasuen and Paterna roads, the latter being the site of Batchelder’s own elegant home. The low er side of each road was to have a heavy masonry wall and coping of "costly con struction, yet economical [because] it will practically last forever.’’^® The stone work was so elaborate it would add al most forty percent to the cost of building the road.

Batchelder brought in a crew of Ital ian masons to work under Dover’s direc tion.^^ A number of these men, such as Antonio Da Ros, Joe Sacconaghi, Gotardo Calvi, and John Antolini, had worked on the first major project on the Riviera, the Clarence Black estate in 1913. Here was constructed a wall one and threefourths miles in length, varying from nine to over twenty feet in height, with buttresses three feet wide.^® Although the wall is very much in Dover’s style, there is speculation that Peter Poole was the contractor.21

Dover continued to work on the Ri viera throughout the 1920s. George Guntermann remembers as a young boy watching Dover work on a boulder, showing him how to properly split it.

One may still view a stone marker on the corner of Dover Road and Alameda Padre Serra that reads, “J- Dover Yo lo Yso,” probably an incorrect attempt at the Spanish for "J- Dover I Made It,’’ with the dates of 1917 and 1927.^^ His Riviera work was his last great accom plishment before his death from a heart attack in 1930.

Antonio Leyva (1862-1936) Antonio Leyva, whose grandfather, Juan Leyva, came to this area with Junipero Serra in 1782, first appears in the Great Register of 1896 as a stonemason.

One of his first important projects was his work on the new building for St. An thony’s Seminary in 1898. Stone for the construction was excavated at the site,

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NOTICIAS beginning in August and the first stone was laid in October. By June of the fol lowing year, the foundation was com plete and the cornerstone laid. The first story was finished in November and it took another year before this three-story stone masterpiece with its Romanesque arcading was completed.

The mission padres continued to avail themselves of Leyva’s skills. He con structed a stone fountain at Mission San Luis Rey, and after World War I he ac companied Rev. Albert Braun of St. An thony’s Seminary to work on St. Joseph's Mission on the Mescalero Apache Reser vation in New Mexico. Leyva returned to Santa Barbara before the church’s com pletion and died here in 1936.^^ Another member of the Leyva family, Guadalupe, was also a skilled mason, having built a wall in 1894 for the Anna S. C. Blake property on Constance Ave nue. Three years later she had built her home, ?Airadero, which later served as the Santa Barbara Girls School.

The Peter Riedel Quarry After arriving in Santa Barbara in 1904, Peter Riedel became associated with Dr. Francesco Franceschi in 1907 and soon became head of the Southern Cali fornia Acclimatizing Association, a hor ticultural business. Riedel became the op erator of the Association’s quarry of red conglomerate located along Mountain Drive near Cold Springs Road.

The State M.ineralogist of 1915-1916 grouped the quarry under crushed rock, sand, and gravel and gave this descrip tion: Southern California Acclimatizing AssO' ciation,P. Riecie/,315 State St.,Santa Barba ra, manager, operates a quarry ... 6 miles

Frederick. Henderson was one ofmany stonC' masons who made their way to Santa Barbarafrom the British Isles in the late nineteenth century. Courtesy of Helen Gonzales Fox.

northeast ofSanta Barbara. Beds ofa hard, cemented red conglomerate,containing a high percentage ofquartz pebbles, are exposedfor yoo ft. along the J^ountain Drive back of TAontecito.

This material is quarried by chum drill ing thefull depths oftheface(50ft.)and blast ing with giant powder. The plantfor crushing and sizing the rock consists of a jaw-type crusher. ... From iz to zomen are employed.

The stone is mostly used for road material 24 and is said to be veryfinefor that purpose.

Quarry operations could be discon certing to neighbors. In 1910, Mrs. Jose phine Trefts, owner of the estate. La Paz, on Cold Springs Road (at that time called Palm Drive), sought a restraining order against Riedel’s quarry adjoining the northern boundary of her home. She complained about the use of dynamite, which threw rock and gravel on her

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cecico. In 1908, the William Miller Gra ham estate at Booth’s Point was one of the first Moncecico estates to use this

Hopkins house at 1900 Garden Street be ing built that year.

In 1899, he won an important contract to construct scone walls on the Stanley McCormick estate, I^ven Epck, in Moncecico for $4,336.00. Initially supposed to cake three months, the work would con

type of material for its driveways. Ac cording to a 1903 report, the red con glomerate was similar to rock in north ern California, where men prospected for gold but not in "paying quantities’’ in the Santa Barbara area.^^

tinue for three years.

As this work approached its conclu sion in November 1902, the Chicago ar chitectural firm of Shepley, Rucan, and Coolidge employed by Stanley's mother, Nettie, wrote a letter to Hen

property and was damaging her lemon trees.25 The scone from this quarry was used in a number of drives and roads in Mon-

In 1928, Riedel advertised in The Santa Barbara Qardener, "Riedel red rock for drives

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— a favorite for 20 years.

According to Ted Niedermuller, Riedel’s son continued

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derson regarding scone posts to be sec between wroughtiron gates chat were on or der. The firm was concerned over Henderson's suggestions of treatment of the scone, for

they had mandated a ruscifiCO operate the quarry until cation or roughening of the the early 1930s. In 1935, Coursed Ashlar scone which they felt was grading contractor George Flagstone Rue, who had been building "quite necessary for the posts CO give the feeling of solidity walls along Toro Canyon 28 and style. and East Valley Road in Moncecico dur During the project, Henderson lived ing the lace 1920s, took over the lease to much of the time in a cent on the McCorcontinue using the red rock for drives.

Shortly thereafter, Peter Riedel retired and became superintendent of Franceschi Park on Mission Ridge Road, bringing his association with Dr. Franceschi full circle.

Fred Henderson, Stone Contractor (1860-1911) Fred Henderson was born in North umberland, England, where he learned his scone craft from his father. With a sense for adventure whetted by travels to Afri ca, New Zealand, and Hawaii, he finally docked in San Francisco and married there in 1892. By 1897, he had moved to Santa Barbara and, according to the family history, worked on the Prynce

mick property. Soon after the completion of the contract in February, 1903, Hender son bought one and a half acres at 1425 Olive Street and built a one-story sconeveneered house and bam at a cost of $1600 for his growing family.

Santa Barbara was experiencing ac celerating growth and development around the turn of the century with the completion of the railroad to San Fran cisco and the opening of the Potter Ho tel. Henderson cook part in this develop ment as he won scone contracts for two new buildings on State Street in 1903. In August, he was involved in the heavy masonry work for the Howard-Canfield building at 829-833 State Street. One of his responsibilities was the preparation

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of the lintel stone over the front en trance. This stone was carved from a boulder from the Eucalyptus Hill area that weighed over five tons. Phil Henley, Moncecito mason, beautifully carved the stone with the building's name and the date. A crowd gathered to watch the stone hoisted into place with derrick and tackle. It was to be crowned by a pedi ment stone carved from the same boulder.

The yvloming Press enthused, "This will make it the finest piece of stonework in the city."29 Henley, who lived in Montecito's Spanish Town, worked on a num ber of estates, including P}ven Ppck., and he cut the wall and steps for the Weep ing Willow Inn.

George S. Edwards, president of the Commercial Bank and mayor of the city, 1902-1905, purchased the southeast corner of State and Canon Perdido streets as the new site for his bank. Fred Hen derson was hired in 1903 as the masonry contractor. In August, excavation work had begun and the stone cutters were working on their stone columns and bas es for the facade. By December, the heavy work was in full swing, when two of "the largest cornerstones ever used here” were being dressed.^® Each stone weighed about three tons. A few days lat er, work on the bank vault commenced.

The three-ton sandstone blocks were be ing placed on either side of the entrance.

TTie Commercial Bank., at the southeast comer ofState and Canon Perdido streets, was one of Fred Hendersons most important contracts.

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These blochs will be surmounted by immense stone columns iq.feet in length and on these will rest a massive arch of stone. It is the heaviest stone workeverput up in the city.^^

nence that nothing but dynamite or earth quake can destroy them.

There are 15 stone cutters and masons alone, under the direction ofcontractor Hen derson ... .

By February 1904, the "native sand stone” pedestals and columns were being set in place. The stone came from Moncecico. Two months later, Fred Hen

The site upon which all this worfis being done originally was covered with immense boulders. One immense boulder recently lifted in this manner measured 20 by 20feet in di 33 ameter,and was in the earthJiilly i^feet...

derson purchased about ten acres of land for $400 in Toro Canyon for his own quarry. The bank building was finally completed at the end of July after al most a year.

The Commercial

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stipulation in her will, the high walls still exist as a re minder of this im

Bank later merged with ocher banks and in 1922, it was

Although the house and barn were corn down in 1942 after the death of Mrs. Hale due to a

I{andom Ashlar

purchased by the Los Angeles Trust and Savings Bank. Soon afterwards, the pillars were removed and replaced by Co rinthian columns to give a more elegant and classic effect. In 1991, when bulldoz ers were grading for a new parking lot nearby, the four twenty-foot pillars were discovered buried in the ground. They were soon identified as Henderson's work manship by the Santa Barbara Historical Society.

In 1907, Clinton B. Hale’s mansion and "palatial” scone barn and six-foothigh scone wall around his property were being built on Laguna Street between Pedregosa and Mission streets.

Here in an area covering less than a block may befound 25 and 30 men earning all the way from to $q..^o per day blasting the raw building material out of the ground, cutting it into shape,and putting thefinished blocks to uses in buildings ofsuch perma-

posing era.

Also in 1907, Henderson received the contract to do the excavations and stonework at the base of the new Gothicstyle Congregational Church on State and Sola streets.

In December 1910, after several months of poor health. Henderson left Santa Barbara for Nordhoff (Ojai). He died the following year from pulmonary tuberculosis, perhaps linked to inhaling scone dust over the years.

Clarence Eugene George (1857-1928) Clarence Eugene George, born in 1857, and his older brother Edgar S., came to Santa Barbara in 1876 from a marblequarrying area near Rutland, Vermont, where they learned to cut marble at a very young age. Clarence George is listed in the 1896 Great Register of Santa Bar bara County as a scone cutter, Ac chat

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One of Poole’s smaller gerris was the Larco Fish M.arhet. In ig8y, it was moved to the comer ofCabrilb Boulevard and Santa Barbara Street.

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time, Edgar, with a man named Squier, had a marble works at 1020 Scare Screec and ac the cum of che cencury had his own business on che Coasc Highway across from che encrance co Sanca Barba ra Cemecery.

Two monchs afcer che Hall of Records was compleced in Sepcember 1889, che Board of Supervisors advercised for bids on a "fence” co be bulk around pare of che grounds, approving che plans of local archicecc, Thomas Nixon. Clarence E. George and Company came in wich che lowesc bid, ouebidding Joe Dover by abouc cwo hundred dollars. Edgar assisced in che projecc. This was “one of che largesc jobs of che kind ever undercaken in chis seccion of che scace” according co che Daily Press-^^ By Sepcember 1890, all che scone for che handsome fence around che courchouse grounds had been dressed and che blocks puc in posicion.^® The corner encrance co che Hall of Records feacured a wroughc-iron gace beeween scone poses crowned wich ball finials similar co chose chac border che courchouse grounds coday.

Ic is believed chose ac che corner of Figue roa and Anacapa screecs dace from 1890.

By che curn of che cencury, Clarence George was lisced as a scone concraccor and in 1908 he builc che scone hicching poses for che Poccer Hocel.37 H 1912, he was one of a group of sconemasons who worked on che Trinicy Episcopal Church under che direccion of Pecer Poole. This Gochic-scyle edifice was conscrucced of Sanca Barbara sandscone and all buc che cower was compleced in six monchs.

George fell from some scaffolding in De cember 1912 and was crippled for life. He received a $5,000 secclemenc from Mag nus Johnson, che general concraccor.

George curned co policies and in 1915 was elecced co che cicy council. He be came an advocace for a new councy and

municipal building co be joincly con scrucced by che councy board of supervis ors and che cicy council. In 1918, he was appoinced juscice of che peace for che sec ond judicial cownship and was reelecced co chis pose in 1922 and 1926. He scill held chis pose when he passed away in 1928.38 Peter Poole (1858-1936) Pecer Poole came co che Uniced Scaces from an area near Edinburgh. Scocland, in 1888. In 1890, he broughc over his wife, Maggie, and his chree young sons, John, William, and Andrew, and mosc probably seeded in Sanca Barbara abouc chis cime.

His brocher, John, who had also come CO California in 1888, joined Pecer here in 1891. John had recencly caken up mason ry in Vencura and had heard chere would be a need for workers co build che scone lemon house on che Crocker-Sperry Ranch in Moncedco.3^ Once underway, Herberc Sly was in charge of che conscruccion and che Poole brochers were 40' "rushing ouc che scone.

In 1895, Poole received che concracc for che scone basemenc work of che Fichian Building ac 62914 Scace Screec, one of che cicy’s finesc buildings of che period.

Two years lacer, he lefc for che Klondike in Alaska co seek his forcune in che gold mines, buc recurned a year lacer.

According co his brocher, Thomas, who was a gardener for many years on che Cameron Rogers escace in Mission Canyon, Qlendessary, Pecer’s nexc imporcanc concracc was doing che sconework on chis escace house.

This included scone cerracing for che excensive garden area in back. Samuel Frosc, who owned Channel Cicy Granice and Marble Works from 1895 co 1932. received che

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commission to sculpt the stone lion head for the estate’s fountain. He skillfully rendered this by copying a print.

John Poole, Peter’s son. helped build stately homes and stone walls on upper Garden and Laguna streets in the early part of the 1900s. Undoubtedly, he was part of his father’s projects. One was a wall built for Edward Ripley, president of the Santa Fe Rail

sored annual public picnics in Goleca’s Tucker's Grove. In 1912, Poole was Chieftain of the club when it celebrated Robert Burn’s birthday with a banquet and dance at the Elks’ Club and he was also in charge of Gaelic sports conducted on May Day that year.

He was elected councilman to the sixth ward in 1904 and ran for a second term under the slo

road, who was building his three-story mansion on the cor

gan that he was "well informed on

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Street. A receipted bill, dated June 13.

1905, shows Peter

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street paving.” for good streets was a 43 campaign issue.

Poole later resigned under threat of a

ner of Pedregosa and Garden streets, with the stone wall ex tended another block to Santa Barbara Broken Ashlar

Poole charging $1.25 a foot to build a 30914-foot stone wall on Garden and Pedregosa streets, which gives an idea of the costs of stonework around the turn of the century.

During this period, Poole also did structural foundation work in the city’s business area. In 1901, he did excavation and minor stonework on the bathhouse on Ocean (now Cabrillo) Boulevard. He built the stone foundation for the Potter Theatre in 1906 and soon after was lay ing the stone foundation for the Lacy Building in the 600 block of State Street.

Later that year, Barrett Fithian, who had inherited the Fithian Building from his father, engaged Poole to build a stone fire wall 2-feet thick and 430 feet in length along the Ortega Street side of the build ing. Poole was becoming one of the city’s busiest stonemasons.

Poole found time for other activities.

He was an active member of the ScotchAmerican Caledonian Club, which spon-

grand jury indict ment over a con flict of interest concerning a local

bridge contract. A run for office in 1909 was aborted when the Municipal League wrote a letter to the TAoming Press re minding readers of the possibility of more conflicts of interest.

Poole became involved in the con struction of stone and concrete bridges around 1903, one of his first being the Mason Street bridge at Ocean Boulevard.

In 1908, he constructed a bridge over Montecito Creek and another of concrete and stone over Mission Creek at Anapamu Street. The following year saw work on another Montecito Creek bridge, this near the Miramar Hotel, and a bridge across Maria Ygnacio Creek on San Mar cos Pass Road.*^^ Poole continued to build bridges in the following decade. In 1919, a few years af ter Sam Stanwood had become a county supervisor, Poole completed a stone bridge across Rattlesnake Canyon. The bridge may be seen today bearing a plaque

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with their names and chat of Owen Hugh O'Neill, the designer of the bridge.

It was Scanwood’s conviction early on to use rounded stones from the creek beds for these smaller bridges so as to harmonize with their natural surroundings and he continued to have these built during his long tenure as supervisor.

In the winter of 1903-04, Poole began to construct a seven-room sandstone cot tage ’'unique in design” for himself and his family on the corner of Figueroa and Castillo streets. Today it is known as Hawthorn Den. In 1911, Andrea and Sebastiano Larco used one of Poole’s small scone buildings for a fish market. In 1987 the building was moved to 1 Santa Bar bara Street and serves as the Chamber of Commerce’s visitor center.

A more prestigious commission came in 1915, when Poole built a $14,000 addi tion onto the AfiVa Vista estate of Wil liam G. Henshaw in Moncecico. He sec his crew to work quarrying in a creek that ran through the property. The next year he was building scone houses for the Henshaw servants, utilizing scone from the property and nearby ranches. More terracing and a gatehouse on Sycamore Canyon Road were added. It is interesting CO note chat the balustrade type of walls he built were similiar to the type being built along Alameda Padre Serra and at the entrance to the Knapp estate in Moncecico during this same time.

In 1912, after plans for the new Trini ty Episcopal Church by the Pasadena ar chitectural firm of Frohman and Martin S were approved, the contract was let to local contractor Magnus Johnson, who had come to Santa Barbara from Sweden in the early 1890s. The church was to have walls of brick faced with Santa Barbara sandstone and finished inside with cement plaster and cement scone.

John Arroqui worked primarily on bridges and walls. He trained a number of other masons, including Innocente BuzzeLla and Joseph

Amoldi.

Steel railroad ties were to be used to rein force the cower corners. Poole became the subcontractor for the exterior stonework.

Beginning in the spring, he completed everything except the cower by Novem ber. Parishioners were not sure they could come up with the additional $6,000 need ed to build the cower as the initial budget limit of $40,000 had already been reached. The vestrymen found they had received very generous subscriptions and decided to proceed according to the origi nal plan. Ocher masons working on the project included Clarence George and John Rezzonico.

On Easter Sunday, 1913, the first ser vice was held in the new church, despite continuing construction on the cower.

The last scaffolding came down the end of May and Poole could look with pride

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16

upon what perhaps was his greatest ac complishment — the beautiful stone ma sonry on the church tower.

John Goggia (1865-1938) John Goggia first appears in the coun ty's Great Register of 1900 and is listed as living on Cota Lane in Montecito in the 1901 Santa Barbara city directory, but he apparently was in Santa Barbara before this time. An article in the M.orning Press in 1926 stated he had been doing “master stone and brick work in Santa

pervisors thac the blue sandstone was un available and yellow sandstone to be used in its place. Work moved forward and in two months, the jail walls were nearly to the second story. New problems arose when fifteen men, including teamsters, quarrymen. and stonemasons, went on

Barbara since 1890.”'^^ Joe Buzzella, a stonemason hailing from Goggia's home town in the Lake Como region, believed that John and his brother, Stefano. were the first Italian stone workers to come to Santa Barbara, arriving sometime in the 1880s. According to the late Mrs. Ed win Knowles, her stone walls on East Valley Road dated back to 1895 and were built by two Italian brothers who labori ously fitted odd-shaped rocks together for the dry wall. Stefano eventually returned to Italy, while John remained and soon became a contractor.

In 1897, Goggia received a contract to work on John Beale’s estate, Vegamar.

Since the house was built of plaster and lath, Goggia probably just worked on the stone foundations and terraces.

He contracted in the summer of 1900

Antonio Da Rps returned from his V.S. Army service in World War I to begin a successful career as a stonemason and contractor. Courtesy of Oswald Da Ros.

to do the stonework on the new county jail for a sum of $3770. For the founda tion he planned to use blue sandstone, the best grade, from the properties of Sher man and Ealand, William Ferl, and G. B. Parma, all in Sycamore Canyon near Mountain Drive. To make the sites ac cessible, a new road had to be built at a cost of five hundred dollars. After com pletion of the road and even more delays, Goggia had to report to the board of su-

strike for back pay. Some workers had not been paid for weeks. Eventually the strike was settled and the jail completed the following year.

By 1906. Goggia was busy with good contracts such as the stonework for the Nardi Hotel and work on extensions to the Delaney store at 1201 State Street. A year later, he completed a one-story building "in the rubble style with pointed

17

STONEMASONRY stone in the ribbon” for Frank Louscalot at 15 East Haley Street. This saloon boasted the unusual feature of a handsome sandstone fireplace in the sample room.

Other members of the Goggia family were also busy in the trade, especially in the wake of the terrible 1914 flood, which did serious damage in Montecito.

John’s nephew, Arcangelo Goggia, who had arrived here in 1913, worked on William P. Gould's olive mill, ElMolino, and the walls of the Edward Ryerson estate.49 In 1924, Goggia had a partnership with another relative, Giovanni Antolini, which ended the following year.50 During that year, they had two major jobs, the Louis J. Swift estate in Monte cito, Serrania, and Louis G. Dreyfus’ property, Tana yan, on Constance Ave nue in Santa Barbara. In both cases, Al exander McKellar was the general con tractor.

There was extensive stonework on the Swift estate. The landscaping included stone walls lining the long driveway, many stone terraces, and two stone reser voirs. The house itself, which took sever al years to build, was partially of stone.51 The cost of the masonry from early July to the middle of October totalled almost $9,000.52 jn October Goggia also received over $5,000 for his masonry work on the Dreyfus estate.53 In 1926 John Goggia received praise for his long career of quality work: Thirty'Six years of master stone and brick, work in Santa Barbara is the record ofJohn Qoggia, whoseflagstone installation work is on view around the new Peterson building on Carrillo Street. Among the many pieces of production and workmanship carried through by Mr. Qoggia is the seawall at Montecito, west of Miramar, which has

wecuhered years ofwear. TAany commercial and residential projects are also included during his long period here.

It is noteworthy that all the stone used was quarried by Mr. Qoggia hiTnselfin this district.^ That same year he did the plaster and brick work for the new post office an nex. Again, his firm was mentioned as "noted for its masonry work as well as the setting of all kinds of natural and ar tificial stone.

Changes in the business are reflected in Goggia’s and others’ opin ion that art stone (molded cement) was more in demand than the old, timeconsuming method of quarrying and chiseling.

In November 1926, he bid on the new courthouse stonework, but lost to Bly Stone Company of Los Angeles and his activity appears to have tapered off. Af ter fifty years in Santa Barbara, he moved to Los Angeles to be with a son.

Goggia died a year later.

George Robson (1862-1943) Englishman George Robson came to Santa Barbara in 1900 and was first em ployed as a stone cutter in Montecito. In 1905, he worked for Thomas Hogan of the Southern Pacific and also helped quarry sandstone on the Orella ranch at the head of Refugio Canyon for ship ment by railroad.

By 1907, he was a stone contractor and had opened a yard at 16 East Carrillo Street. The city directory also indicates he did monument work, with mantels and fireplaces a specialty. In that year he did the stonework on the public library annex, designed by Augustus Higginson.

The facade boasted four large Ionic pi lasters supporting a pediment.

18

NOTICIAS

In 1910, Robson erecced a drinking trough at the juncture of Mission Canyon Road and Mountain Drive. The trough was given by Mrs. G. S. J. Oliver in memory of her husband and was located on former Oliver property. Huge boulders composed the fountain, the smallest weighing 5,000 pounds, with the largest over twice that size.

By 1920, Robson had semi-retired, giving up contracting and his monument yard, and working strictly as a stone cutter.

John Arroqui (1877-1969) John Arroqui was a native of Monte cito. His father, an early settler of French Basque origin, lived in the Masini adobe at the foot of Ortega Hill. Accord ing to the family's history, he drove sheep to the Montecito valley from San Francisco. In the 1890s, he cultivated a vineyard on his Montecito property.

In the late 1890s, young John worked on the nearby Crocker-Sperry ranch. By 1905, he had moved to his own home on East Sola Street and had become a

her house into an inn. Despite damage from a fire in 1927, the original rockwalled terrace still survives.

In 1918, John Arroqui put in the low bid for a stone arch bridge across Cold Springs Creek at Ashley Road in Montecito. The 1914 flood had destroyed the original bridge. This bridge still stands, despite damage to the railing from the flocxl of 1968. In 1983, the Montecico As sociation spearheaded the effort to restore the bridge, work being done by Montecito stone contractor. Brad Bartholomay.

Another of Arroqui’s stone arch bridges crosses Sycamore Canyon Road near Flores Ranch, constructed of rough stone to harmonize with its surroundings.'^^ Arroqui also constructed a number of walls. Two early retaining walls of his were on the Chatsworth-Taylor estate in Montecito, circa 1917, and a wall on the Dreyfus estate. The latter predates 1919 according to the recollections of Rena Black, daughter of Joseph Sacconaghi, a stonemason who was a caretaker of the

Dreyfus property. She remembers she and her brother climbing the wall and walking along the top of it.^® Two prominent local blacksmith. Two years masons began their careers later he began learning the trade of stonemasonry working for Arroqui. Innofrom Frederick Henderson. cente Buzzella began his When Henderson died in first job with Arroqui on the Bernhard Hoffmann 1911, Arroqui became a estate on Constance Avenue contractor.

Mission Wall in 1923. Two years later, One of his first pro Buzzella and Joseph Amoldi jects in his new position was the stonework for worked for Arroqui in building the retaining walls on the Frede Rockwood Inn in Mission Canyon, first built as the residence of Mrs. Florence M. rick Peabody estate in Montecito. These Weston in 1913. At that time, “twin walls were partly constructed with sal vaged stone from the former Santa Bar pyramids of stone” guarded the driveway bara High School at Anapamu and De la entrance and they still stand today.^^ A Vina streets, which was demolished in few years later, Mrs. Weston converted

19

STONEMASONRY

the 1925 earthquake. In 1927, Buzzella and Arnoldi again teamed up on Arroqui’s crew, this time building walls on the Da vid Gray estate in Montecito.

In March 1929, a crew of ten masons

Jones’ 80-acre Pepper Hill estate on Als ton Road. A low mosaic wall that bor

and twenty men began work on the 700acre property of R. L. Skofield, which bordered the Santa Barbara National For est and the Parma ranch to the west of

lyn’s father, David B. Jones, was building his mansion, Buzzella worked with Joe Arnoldi and other masons on the Jones' walls on Alston Road around 1934.

El Cielito Road. Development of the El Cielito tract was only possible with the extensive road building done by Skofield and the construction of the reservoir by the city.

News of Skofield’s commencement of his million-dollar home and extensive

parently, Arroqui did more work for Miss Jones after the Depression and was particularly proud of the gate entrance with its tall piers inscribed Pepper Plill, which still remain.

ders Camino Viejo along the perimeter of the eastern side of the property probably dates from around 1916 when Gwendo

Antonio Da Ros(1892-1942)

improvements to his property made page one of the Morning Press: Walls are being constructedfrom huge split boulders, some ofwhich weigh 15 tons each, the weather-beaten sides being placed on the outside. Extensive planting ofshrubbery and trees has been done at many points on the huge tract.59 Innocente Buzzella re membered that two teams

As a young man. Antonio Da Ros left his native Italy to come to the United States around 1910. He spent time min ing in Arizona before coming to Santa Barbara about 1915. Here he joined La Monica’s Band and participated in out door concerts at Plaza del Mar. After serving in the U.S. Army in World War I, he returned to Santa Barbara and began learning the stonemasonry trade.

Shortly before the 1925 earthquake, he constructed a one-story stone house on East Padre Street with a

of mules were used to drag large rocks on a sled from the bottom of Las Canoas Canyon. It took three or four men to hoist the big rocks. Before the use of forklifts, workers used simple devices such as boards and brawn to lever

Cut Stone

heavy stones.®^ Roadwork on this vast project was delayed with the onset of the Depression.

County officials suggested to Skofield that workers under the Works Projects Administration would work at half the 61 wages he had been paying.

Arroqui also worked on Gwendolyn

porch supported by stone pillars. That spring, Mar garet K, Andrews was building her Mary Craigdesigned homes on Plaza Rubio. She commissioned Da Ros to do the stone

walls between the homes, as well as the stone wall and fountain that formerly bordered Plaza Rubio and is now in Mis sion Park.

In June 1925, Andrews purchased land on Grand Avenue to build three more

20

NOTICIAS

homes. In October she bought a plot at the northwest end of Bonita Avenue and planned the Bonita Plaza at the north end of Grand Avenue, which she later gave to the city. Again she commissioned Da Ros to build a handsome three-tiered fountain and a wall to border the area.

In 1929, Da Ros had an exhibit of stone flagging at the Builder's Exchange. 1019 Anacapa Street. He was advertised as a "dealer in the famous Idaho flagging stone which is high in color quality and. . . can be used in walks, steps and walls, It would seem Da Ros was locally wellestablished in the masonry business.

Da Ros continued to find work during the Depression. He was in charge of the masonry work on two large homes in Montecito. Detroit architect Wallace Frost came to Montecito in 1933 and was

soon building a version of a Tuscan stone farm house on Hidden Valley Lane.

Boulders for the project were near at hand off Ladero Lane. Frost was also en gaged by Robert I. Gale of Cleveland, Ohio, who had purchased in 1934 Semiramis, the former home of Charles F. Ea ton. Gale wished to have constructed a large stone addition with scone available from nearby Cold Springs Canyon. Da Ros oversaw both these projects with twenty masons at each site. A year and a half in the making, these two projects were perhaps Da Ros’ masterpieces.®^ In 1934-35. Da Ros executed the stonework for Santa Barbara High School with crews from the State Relief Emergency Administration. Among the projects was a scone ticket booth with an arched doorway and flanking arched windows.

Leon Qrassi, Innocente Buzzdla,Louis Acquistapace, and contractor Oswald Da Ros at work,dur ing one ofthe Largest masonry projects in recent decades — the 1952 restoration ofthe Old T'Aission.

^

A

STONEMASONRY

Among those working with Da Ros were Lorenzo DaH’Armi, John Rezzonico, Al bert Arata, and the Bazzi brothers Da Ros continued to work until short ly before his death in 1941, working on Montecito homes designed by Harriet Moody and built by D. H. McQuiddy.

For Pixie Cottage on Periwinkle Lane, one of Moody’s earliest fairy tale houses, Da Ros executed stone and brick work as 67 well as a barbecue pit.

Giovanni Antolini (1891-1975) Giovanni Antolini arrived in Santa Barbara from Dervio, Italy, near Lake Como, in 1912. His paternal and mater nal grandfathers and his father were all stonemasons. He began learning the trade from his father and worked in both Italy and Switzerland before coming to this country. His maternal grandfather, Gotardo Calvi, journeyed to Santa Barbara in 1913 and worked in the ensuing years on the Clarence Black estate and the Montecito homes of Jerome Chaffee and David Gray. He returned to Italy in 1926.

Antolini worked with his grandfather on the Black estate and also worked with another relative, John Goggia. After ser vice in World War I, Antolini went into business for himself on East Gutierrez Street as a stone contractor in 1922. In the 1925 city directory he advertised "masonry work promptly executed with an air compressor.”®® In the late 1920s he opened his own stone yard on Nopal Street, carrying "Santa Maria stone” from his own quarries in Tajiguas Can yon, as well as flagstone, which may have come from the Camargo ranch in 69 Refugio Canyon.

In November 1926, Antolini bid against the Bly Stone Company of Los Angeles for the main entrance arch of

21

the new Santa Barbara County Court house. Bly Stone won the contract and quarried and cut the stone from Refugio Canyon, while Antolini’s crew laid the large blocks. Upon completion, Antolini could boast in an ad, "All stone setting of the entire structure was personally super vised and full responsibility assumed for completion" by himself.^® He considered this his best work.

1930 found Antolini working with Tepusquet stone on the Cudahy estate on Hot Springs Road. Antonio Da Ros's son, Oswald Da Ros, would duplicate this stone in a 1988 renovation by im porting stone from Austin, Texas.

Antolini also worked on a number of churches in Santa Barbara. In 1926 he was in charge of the restoration work on Trinity Episcopal Church and also con structed the parish house there. He cut and set the main arch of the new Unitar ian Church in 1930 and in 1936. his work at Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church in Montecito featured an entrance portal and large stone basin in the courtyard.

Antolini also performed work outside Santa Barbara, as in his baptismal fount of Tajiguas stone executed for St. Paul’s Cathedral in Los Angeles.^2 Beginning in 1939, Antolini is no longer listed in the Santa Barbara city directories as a masonry contractor. The name of his building supply business changed to Giovanni Antolini and Sons.

In 1951 they advertised as “exclusive pro ducers of 'Santa Maria Stone’, also Flag stone and Cut Building Stone in various Colors, direct from our quarries in Cali fornia and Arizona.”

Oswald Da Ros used large quantities of their Santa Maria stone from Tepus quet Canyon for his restoration of the fa cade of the Old Mission in 1952. The stone was personally selected by seasoned

NOTICIAS

22

mason, Innocence Buzella, who had also worked on che restoracion of the mission after che 1925 earthquake.

Ancolini and Sons maintained their same shop and yard in Santa Barbara un til 1967, when they permanently moved to Santa Maria. The firm today contin ues to quarry and distribute Santa Maria scone.

Conclusion The proud tradition of sconemasonry in Santa Barbara stretches back over two hundred years, to che earliest days of che community. Towards che end of the nineteenth century masons arrived from men like FredeEngland and Scotland rick Henderson and Peter Poole — who built many of the scone walls, bridges, and edifices chat may be seen throughout Santa Barbara and Moncecico today.

Masons from Italy were also arriving during this period. They included John Goggia and Giovanni Ancolini, the lat ter’s masterful work contributing so much to che Santa Barbara County Courthouse. Albert Araca began his ca reer in 1901 and John Rezzonico, a Swiss Italian, arrived che following year to be-

gin his life’s work as a stone cutter.

Sconemasonry is less used as a con struction technique today due to higher material and labor costs and shrinkage in che pool of skilled workers. Scone precut with pneumatic cools has replaced che time-consuming process of chiseling and cutting blocks with hand tools.

A modern tradition of high quality may be seen in che stonework of Oswald Da Ros during the 1952 restoration of che Old Mission and his work at Birnam Wood Country Club. The artistry of Pat Scott, who trained under Da Ros, can be viewed in che handsome scone walls at che entry to Hammond's Meadow in Moncecico.

Massive walls such as chose along Mountain Drive chat lead to the former Clarence Black estate would be impossi ble under today’s conditions. Nor could work like the Jackson estate walls on East Valley Road be duplicated, walls constructed with such painstaking care chat only three scones were laid per day.

Santa Barbara has been beautifully enhanced with a large amount of stone work executed in an Old World style. It is a body of work upon which the com munity may look with pride.

Stonc wall designs interspersed throughout this issue arefrom illustrations in The Santa Bar bara Gardener, December 102.8 issue. The description ofthe drawing above reads: There is one way not to build a wall. [This illustration} is the wall that looks as if at a moments would fly apart. The effect is restless, undignified and fundamentally wrong as ks in nature do not stand on end in rows. If this type of wall were much Tess expensive there would be some excuse for its constant use, but as can be seen in che dia gram often 5 faces must be cut in place of the 4 in block stone.

STONEMASONRY

23

NOTES 1. Dibblee, Thomas Wilson Jr., Qeology ofthe Central Santa Ynez^ountains, Santa Barbara County, California, Cal ifornia Division of Mines and Geolo gy, 1966, 32, 90.

2. Scella Haverland Rouse, "Olden Days,” Santa Barbara T^ews-Press, 2 March 1975, 3. Stella Haverland Rouse, "Olden Days,” Santa Barbara T^ezos'Press, 3 September 1939.

4. Morning Press(Santa Barbara), 23 March 1893.

5. Morning Press(Santa Barbara), 30 May 1901.

6. "Design in Stone Walls,” TTicSanta Barbara Qardener, December 1928, 67.

7. Morning Press(Santa Barbara) 3 No vember 1899.

8. Morning Press (Santa Barbara), 7 Sep tember 1906.

9. Fifteenth P^port ofthe State Mineralo gist 2915-16 (Sacramento, California State Mining Bureau), 749.

10, Morning Press(Santa Barbara) 27 Novem^r 1907.

11, Morning Press (Santa Barbara) 28 October 1930.

12. y^eiv Directory ofthe City ofSanta Bar bara, Cal.,(Santa Barbara: Indepen dent Publishing Company, 1888), 67.

13. Morning Press(Santa Barbara), 28 October 1930, 14. SantaBarbaraNewS'Press, 19 No vember 1939.

15. Daily Independent{Sznzz Barbara), 21 April 1896.

16. Morning Press(Santa Barbara), 19 May 1905, 17, Morning Press(Santa Barbara), 7 Au gust 1910.

18. Morning Press (Santa Barbara), 26 April 1914, 19, Walker Tompkins, SantaBarbara History Makers,(Santa Barbara: McNally and Lofton, 1983), 303.

20. Stella Haverland Rouse, "Olden

Days,” Santa Barbara News-Press, 4 May 1975.

21. Walker Tompkins, "Santa Barbara Yesterdays,” SantaBarbaraNewsPress, 17 February 1974.

22. Stella Haverland Rouse, "Develop ment of the Riviera,” Noticias, 30:4 (Winter 1984): 72.

23. Timothy Arthur. O.F.M., interview with author, Santa Barbara, CA., June 1992.

24. State Mineralogist 1915-16, 749-50.

25. Morning Press(Santa Barbara), 3 July 1910.

26. Morning Press (Santa Barbara), 11 March 1903.

27. The Santa Barbara Qardener, Decem ber 1928, 10, 28. Nettie McCormick to Fred Hender son, 30 November 1902. Collection of Helen Gonzales Fox, Carpinteria, CA. 29. Morning Press(Santa Barbara), 9 Au gust 1903.

30. Morning Press (Santa Barbara), 5 De cember 1903.

31, Morning Press(Santa Barbara) 9 De cember 1903.

32. Morning Press(Santa Barbara), 6 February 1904.

33. Stella Haverland Rouse, "Clinton B. Hale’s Stone Wall,” SantaBarbara News-Press, 30 January 1983.

34. Minutes, Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors, Book F, 18871893, 233.

35. Stella Haverland Rouse, "Olden Days,” SantaBarbaraNewS'Press, 2 March 1975.

36. Ibkl.

37. Morning Press(Santa Barbara). 3 Jan uary 1908.

38. Margaret E, Johnston, interview with author, June 1992.

39. SantaBarbaraNewS'Press,6 February 1944.

40. Stella Haverland Rouse, "Olden Days,” Santa Barbara News-Press, 19

NOTICIAS

24

May 1942.

41. Stella Haverland Rouse, "The Way It Was,” SanLaBarbaraTdews'Press, 19 April 1987.

42. Santa Barbara News'Press, 13 Febru ary 1968.

43. TAoming Press(Santa Barbara). 20 September 1905.

44. JAoming Press (Santa Barbara), 3 De cember 1909.

45. Minutes, Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors, Book K, 114, 337.

46. Morning Press (Santa Barbara), 5 No vember 1903.

47. Morning Press (Santa Barbara), 6 June 1926.

48. Innocente Buzzella, interview with author, June 1988.

49. Theodore Niedermuller, interview with author, September 1988.

50. Morning Press (Santa Barbara), 14 February 1925.

51. Jean Collins Hay ward, telephone conversation with author, 13 December 1993.

52. Goggia vs. Antolini, 15576(SB Co. Superior 1927).

53. Ibid.

and Book T. 165.

58. Rena Black, conversation with au thor, 7 May 1991.

59. TAoming Press(Santa Barbara), 20 March 1929, 60, Innocente Buzella, conversation with author, 21 October 1991.

61. Ibid.

62. Innocente Buzzella, conversation with author, 1 March 1993.

63. Marion Roeser, letter to author, 26 January 1989.

64. Morning Press(Santa Barbara) 29 June 1929.

65. Oswald Da Ros, conversation with author, Feb ruary 1989.

66. Oswald Da Ros. Interview by Margaret M. Griffin, 15 March 1988.

Santa Barbara Historical Mu seums.

67. Santa Barbara NewS'Press, 6 April 1941; 12 October 1941.

68. Santa Barbara

A hammer and chisel, a steady hand and a good eye are the primary tools of the stonemason. Here they are em ployed in final shaping of a stone block during the 1952 restoration of the Santa Barbara Mission.

54. Morning Press (Santa Barbara); 6 June 1926.

55. Morning Press(Santa Barbara), 16 October 1926.

56. Morning Press (Santa Barbara) 14 September 1913.

57. Minutes, Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors, Book Q, 378

City Directory igz6(Los An geles, Santa Bar bara Directory Company, 1925), 56.

69, E. R. “Jim” Blak' ley, conversation with author, 23 August 1992.

70. Morning Press(Santa Barbara), 15 August 1929.

71. Da Ros interview. 15 March 1988.

72. Owen H. O’Neill, History ofSanta Barbara County,State ofCalifornia, Its People and Its I^esources(Santa Bar bara, H. M. Meier, 1939), Part 2 185-86.

SANTA BARBARA HISTORICAL SOCIETY BOARD OF TRUSTEES Richard Glenn Jo Bech Van Gelderen .

Lani Meanley Collins ..

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President .. First Vice President Second Vice President Secretary Treasurer

Foster Campbell Barbara Cleveland

C. Seybert Kinsell Thad MacMillan

George E. Frakes Neal Graffy Lawrence Hammett

Jane Mueller John Pitman Ruth Scollin

John W.Hunt

Susan Simpson MaryThorson George Anderjack, Executive Director LIFE MEMBERS

Mr. Stephen A. Acronico Mr. and Mrs. William B. Azbell Mr. and Mrs. J.W Beaver Mr. and Mrs. Danily Bell Mr. Marvin J. Branch Dr. and Mrs. Ashleigh Brilliant Mr. H. R. de la Cuesta Burkhart Mrs. Virginia Castagnola-Hunter Mr. and Mrs. Pierre P. Claeyssens Mr. and Mrs. Charles Cleek Mrs. Florence Corder-Witter

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Mr. and Mrs. Paul Ridley-Tree Mrs. Alma R. Ritchie

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Mrs. Melville Sahyun Mr. and Mrs. Peter J. Samuelson Mrs. Nina Sandrich Mr. and Mrs.J. Terry Schwartz Mrs. David Shoudy Mr. Walter G. Silva Mr. and Mrs. Burke H.Simpson Mr. Ivano Paolo Vit

Mr. and Mrs. John C. Woodward BENEFACTORS: Santa Cruz Island Foundation, Northern Trust of California

Categories of membership: Life/Benefactor, $5,000 or more; Museum Circle, $1,000; Patron, $500; Associate, $250; Business/Professional, $250; Sustaining, $125; Supporting, $75; Dual/Family, $45; Individual, $35. Contributions to die Society are tax-exempt to the extent of the law.

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NOTICIAS Quarterly Magazine of the Santa Barbara Historical Museums

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CONTENTS Pg.i: Stonemasonry in Santa Barbara