APS-IPPC Program Preview by Scientific Societies

2011 APS-IPPC Joint Meeting August 6-10 • Hawaii Convention Center • Honolulu, Hawaii

Preliminary Scientific

Program 2011

APS•IPPC

Joint Meeting August 6–10 Honolulu, Hawaii

The American Phytopathological Society International Association for the Plant Protection Sciences

Two Premier Plant Science Assoc Why hold a Joint meeting? “The 2011 APS-IPPC meeting will bring together a diverse group of plant health scientists with a well planned agenda in a marvelous setting. This will be a unique meeting as it will provide a global multidisciplinary perspective on current issues in plant health management.” — John Sherwood, President, APS “The 2011 APS-IPPC Joint Meeting will provide stimulating information and discussion sessions concerning current and future challenges to plant protection worldwide and bring participants up-to-date with current research and development efforts aimed at addressing these challenges. The development and implementation of effective and sustainable plant protection tools and strategies will become more critical to meet the challenge of producing sufficient food for a growing population. This meeting will provide a forum for learning more about these issues and facilitating discussion about future priorities and strategies.” —Geoff Norton, President, IAPPS

The American Phytopathological Society will join the International Association for the Plant Protection Sciences for the 2011 American Phytopathological Society (APS) – International Plant Protection Congress (IPPC) Joint Meeting. Together these two organizations will provide attendees with field trips, workshops, scientific sessions, and networking events that highlight the latest research and technological advances in our field and explore the plant rich natural setting of the islands.

who is APS? For more than a century, The American Phytopathological Society has been dedicated to high-quality, innovative plant pathology research. The APS Annual Meeting is the premier venue for plant scientists from around the world to share information and disseminate research.

who is IAPPS? The International Association for the Plant Protection Sciences (IAPPS) ensures production of sufficient quality of food/feed/fiber for a growing population and advocates implementation of sustainable plant health management strategies. Visit www.plantprotection.org for more information.

Call for Papers: Show Us Your Research!

Do you want the top plant pathologists and plant health scientists to see your work? Submit an abstract and gain critical exposure for your research with top experts in the field.

Online submission of oral technical and poster presentation abstracts: February 1 – March 15, 2011 Visit www.apsnet.org/meet for more information, including guidelines, criteria for acceptance, a sample abstract, and more. 2

iations Are Joining Forces Snap Shot of the Meeting Preliminary – subject to change Saturday, August 6 Times TBA 6:30 – 8:00 p.m. 8:00 – 9:30 p.m.

Sunday, August 7

8:30 – 10:00 a.m. 10:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. 4:00 – 4:45 p.m. 4:30 – 6:30 p.m. 4:30 – 9:00 p.m. Open Evening

Monday, August 8

7:30 a.m. – 9:00 p.m. 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. 1:00 – 3:30 p.m. Open Evening

Tuesday, August 9

7:30 a.m. – 9:00 p.m. 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. Afternoon

Wednesday, August 10 7:30 a.m. – 6:30 p.m. 8:30 – 11:30 a.m. 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. 6:30 – 9:30 p.m.

Premeeting Field Trips and Workshops Committee Meetings Committee Meetings Committee Meetings General Session with Awards Ceremony Special and Technical Sessions University Alumni Socials Welcome Reception with Exhibition and Posters Poster Viewing Industry & Extension Social Poster Viewing Special and Technical Sessions Plenary Session Socials

Check out what’s new for 2011!

Poster Viewing Special and Technical Sessions NEW! Organized Field Trips — Extend your scientific knowledge in an outdoor setting! Poster Viewing Special and Technical Sessions Extended Program! Special and Technical Sessions NEW Day! Final Night Celebration (moved from Tuesday night for 2011)

What’s the Difference Between a Special Session and a Technical Session? Special Sessions consist of invited speakers and topics chosen by the Annual Meeting Board. Special sessions are listed beginning on page 4. Technical Sessions consist of oral presentations of select abstracts submitted during the call for papers process and grouped together by topic. Technical Sessions will be listed at www.apsnet.org/meet after the call for papers has closed and the Annual Meeting Board reviews all submissions.

Special Sessions

Listed alphabetically. Sessions are preliminary and subject to change. Content is printed as submitted by organizers with light editing.

11th I. E. Melhus Graduate Student Symposium: “Today’s Students Making a Difference in Plant Disease Epidemiology and Disease Management” Organizers: Forrest Nutter, Jr., Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A.; Kira Bowen, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, U.S.A.; Harold Scherm, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, U.S.A.; David Gent, USDA ARS NFSPRC, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Epidemiology/Ecology/Environmental Biology Sponsoring Committees: Epidemiology; APS Foundation The APS Epidemiology Committee, in conjunction with financial support from the APS Foundation and private industry, is sponsoring the 11th I. E. Melhus Graduate Student Symposium. This symposium will feature four to six presentations highlighting graduate student research aimed at providing a better understanding of the epidemiology and management of plant diseases. Melhus participants were competitively selected by a panel of judges. Selection was based on research significance and potential impacts within the field of plant disease epidemiology.

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Ag and Food Biosecurity: A Decade of Progress and Reality Organizers: Jacqueline Fletcher, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A.; Maria Lodovica Gullino, AGROINNOVA University of Torino, Torino, Italy Section: Emerging Pests/Invasive Species Sponsoring Committees: IAPPS; APS Emerging Diseases and Pathogens; APS Advisory Committee on Plant Biosecurity Maintaining optimal biosecurity for our global crop production systems requires a multifaceted, multinational, and coordinated effort. It is critical that crop scientists from around the world work together and communicate across borders. This special session will highlight ongoing, planned, and possible future cooperative initiatives, provide a venue for the international agricultural community to learn about new technologies and strategies, and build relationships through informal discussion opportunities. • Crop biosecurity: An international perspective. M. L. GULLINO, AGROINNOVA, University of Torino, Torino, Italy • Global insect threats and issues for agricultural biosecurity. J. FOSTER, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, U.S.A. • Food defense: Farm to fork. K. WARRINER, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada • Microbial forensics: Investigative plant pathology. F. OCHOA CORONA, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A. • The dual use dilemma. J. LEACH, University of Colorado, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.

Better Use of Entomopathogenic Microbes in IPM Organizers: Trevor Jackson, Lincoln Research Centre, AgResearch, Christchurch, New Zealand; Gerald Carner, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, U.S.A.; Muni Muniappan, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A. Section: IPM-Biocontrol-Plant Disease Management Insect pathogens are often overlooked in the development of IPM but are important natural enemies of pest insects that can act in a density-dependent manner to reduce outbreak populations. They can often be cultured artificially and applied as biopesticides. This special session will examine the way microbial agents are incorporated into pest management systems through in situ management, classical biocontrol release, or inundative control. Specific examples of successful integration of microbes will be provided as case studies from specific countries/regions, including Brazil, China, and Australasia. An industry view of microbial biocontrol will be included and regulatory issues covering the use of pathogenic microbes will be discussed. • Integrating microbes into IPM. T. JACKSON, Lincoln Research Centre, AgResearch, Christchurch, New Zealand • Using fungi for pest control in Chinese forests. Z. LI, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui, China • Microbial control in Brazil. F. MOSCARDI, EMBRAPA, Brazil • Microbial control in Australian cropping systems. C. HAUXWELL, Charles Sturt University, Australia • Making use of microbes in pasture bioprotection. S. ZYDENBOS, AgResearch, Christchurch, New Zealand • Promising new biopesticides for use in microbial control of major pests of vegetable crops. M. TAMO, IITA, Benin • Microbial control of arthropod pests, a key component of IPM programs in Indonesia. Y. KUSUMAH, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia • Enhancement of microbial pesticides with plant extracts. M. SHAPIRO, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, U.S.A. • Microbial control of arthropod pests in India. K. P. JAYANTH, Bio-Control Research Laboratories, Pest Control, India • Microbial control in IPM programs for vegetable crops. G. CARNER, Clemson University, Clemson SC, U.S.A.

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Biology and Molecular Biology of Closteroviruses Organizers: Naidu Rayapati, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, U.S.A.; Alex Karasev, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Molecular/Cellular/Plant-Microbe Interactions Sponsoring Committee: Virology The family Closteroviridae comprises genera with monopartite genomes, Closterovirus and Ampelovirus, and with bipartite and tripartite genomes, Crinivirus. They are semipersistently transmitted by aphids (closteroviruses), whiteflies (criniviruses), or mealybugs/scale insects (ampeloviruses) and represent the most complex plant viruses infecting a broad range of agriculturally important crops. Closteroviruses in the genera Closterovirus and Crinivirus revealed exceptionally complex genome organization and expression strategies unique to the viruses in the family Closteroviridae. By contrast, much less is known about the molecular biology of closteroviruses in the genus Ampelovirus. The special session will provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of the biology and molecular biology of different members of the family Closteroviridae. • Current status of the molecular biology of closteroviruses. W. DAWSON, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, U.S.A. • Closteroviruses infecting pineapple in Hawaii. J. HU, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, U.S.A. • Closteroviruses infecting grapevine. N. RAYAPATI, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, U.S.A. • Novel closteroviruses in small fruit crops. R. R. MARTIN, USDA-ARS Horticulture Crops Research Unit, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A. • Aphid transmission of BYV in a model system. A. KARASEV, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, U.S.A.

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Challenges to the Production and Distribution of Quality Planting Materials, Seed, and Seed Systems for Farmers in Developing Countries Organizers: Alethia Brown, DuPont Crop Protection, Newark, DE, U.S.A.; Reginald Young, DuPont Crop Protection, Wilmington, DE, U.S.A. Section: Professionalism/Outreach/Industry/Genetic Engineering Sponsoring Committee: IAPPS Quality planting materials are essential for increasing agricultural productivity, meeting growing food demands and providing higher yields of healthy and nutritious crops. Quality seeds and planting materials provide plants an inherit mechanism for combating insect pests, plant diseases and weeds, thereby equipping them with the essentials needed to survive in less than optimum environments and climates. The availability of quality planting materials is a major constraint for food production in many developing countries. Speakers will share their perspectives on sustainable solutions for quality seed production, seed systems and distribution in developing nations.

• Overview of industry’s role in the development of quality seeds. W. DOLEZAL, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., Johnston, IA, U.S.A. • Addressing cereal crops seed supply challenges in Sub Saharan Africa. Y. KEBEDE, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation • Overcoming poor seed systems for clonal crops in developing countries. D. COYNE, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Uganda • Development of seed technologies and benefits for Africa. M. TUINSTRA, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, U.S.A. • Impact of seed quality on the developing world and its impact on food security. G. EJETA, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, U.S.A.

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Crop Health Management for Food Safety and Agroecosystem Health in Developing Countries Organizer: Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon, SP-IPM, c/o International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria Section: IPM-Biocontrol-Plant Disease Management Sponsoring Committee: IPM-Biocontrol In efforts to reduce hunger and poverty, food production often comes first; food quality and environmental as well as human health second. To treat healthy food as a luxury means ignoring human and livestock health, economic development, and trade opportunities. The special session presents new IPM technologies to assist farmers in developing countries to manage mycotoxins and keep pesticide residues below levels set by trade regulations based on health concerns. Pesticide residues are a result of pesticide overuse or misuse, leading to the loss of the self-regulating forces in the agroecosystem. A shift from research addressing crop production, plant breeding, or soil fertility as separate entities to crop health management as an integrated approach, combining the contributions of IPM, plant breeding, and soil fertility research to improve crop and human health and agroecosystem resilience is needed. • Disseminate good agricultural practices in vegetable production for better human and agroecosystem health. J.-F. WANG, AVRDC/SP-IPM, Tainan, Taiwan • Advances in integrated aflatoxin management in Africa. R. BANDYOPADHYAY, IITA/ SP-IPM, Ibadan, Nigeria, c/o IITA, Croydon, United Kingdom • Seeing the unseen—Improving agroecosystem health through sustainable nematode management in smallholder systems. D. COYNE, IITA/SP-IPM, Ibadan, Nigeria • Integrated management of food legume diseases for sustainable rainfed agroecosystem. S. PANDE, ICRISAT/SP-IPM, Andhra Pradesh, India • IPM for potato in developing countries: New strategies to get farmers out of the pesticide treadmill. J. KROSCHEL, CIP/SP-IPM, Lima, Peru • Role of insect-resistant transgenic crops for pest management, their impact on environment, and food safety. H. SHARMA, ICRISAT/SP-IPM, Patancheru, AP, India • Harnessing agroecosystem resilience. J. NICOL, CIMMYT/SP-IPM, Ankara, Turkey • Final discussion. R. SIKORA, SP-IPM/University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

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Current Advances of Molecular Plant Pathology in China Organizer: Sino-US Plant Pathology Panel This symposium will review significant accomplishments in understanding genetic and molecular basis of pathogenisis, resistance, host and pathogen interactions among several destructive plant pathogens and agronomically important crops and a model plant species. Five distinguished plant molecular pathologists from different research institutes and universities in China will present updates and future directions of their current research efforts that will impact plant pathology. • Characterization of rice susceptible genes in host pathogen interaction. S. WANG, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China • Arabidopsis-Pseudomonas syringae interaction provides insight into PAMP-triggered immunity. J. ZHOU National Institute of Biological Science, Beijing, China • Plant defense and geminiviruse counter-defense. X. ZHOU, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China • Mycoviruses in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. D. JIANG, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China • Update on interactions between wheat and fungal pathogens. Z. KANG, Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University, Yangling, China

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The Developing Crisis, International Movement of Insects and Pathogens in Commercial Trade Organizers: Thomas Harrington, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, U.S.A.; James Steadman, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, U.S.A. Section: Emerging Pests/Invasive Species Sponsoring Committees: APS Forest Pathology; APS Public Policy Board; APS Regulations; APS Office of International Programs; IAPPS Financial Sponsors: The Nature Conservancy; American Seed Trade Association; Pioneer Hybrid International; Monsanto This special session brings attention to the growing crisis in the movement of insects and pathogens around the world through commercial trade. As trade grows, so grows the introductions of pests that threaten agriculture and natural resources. In some areas, we lack sufficient national and international regulations, but for others, current regulations may not be science-based or may pose serious impediments to trade. We begin with a case study of Hawaiian problems with alien species. Potential for unwanted introductions in commercial seed trade will be contrasted with the need for better international standards. Pitfalls in developing regulations to lessen the risk of introductions of insects and pathogens in woody material will be presented. Finally, we present the flaws in international protocols for preventing entry and spread of pathogens via “plants for planting”. • You think you have problems? The crisis in Hawaii. C. MARTIN, Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit, Coordinating Group on Alien Pest Species, Honolulu, HI, U.S.A. • Real and imagined problems in movement of plant pathogens in international seed trade. R. DUNKLE, American Seed Trade Association, Alexandria, VA, U.S.A. 8

• Saving the forests from invasive pests in chips, logs, and packing material. F. LOWENSTEIN, Nature Conservancy, New York, U.S.A. • Flaws in international protocols for preventing entry and spread of plant pathogens via “plants for planting”. C. BRASIER, Forestry Commission, Surrey, United Kingdom

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Digital Identification Tools: Their Role in Biosecurity and Pest Management Organizers: Geoff Norton, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Terrence Walters, USDA-APHIS-PPQ CPHST, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A. Section: Emerging Pests/Invasive Species Sponsoring Committees: IAPPS, APS Diagnostics New web technology is being used to develop online, digital identification tools such as image databases and interactive keys. Aimed at a range of users, from taxonomists and professional identifiers to practitioners, scouts, and surveillance teams, these digital identification tools are currently being used to provide diagnostic aids and pest information for insect pests, weeds, and diseases. Presentations in this special session will describe the development and use of these tools by quarantine agencies and for other pest management purposes. This special session will also provide an opportunity to discuss opportunities for international collaboration and sharing of these digital resources. • Current and future activities of the APHIS Identification Technology Program. T. WALTERS, USDA-APHIS-PPQ CPHST, Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A. • The Pestnet diagnosis service in the South Pacific and Southeast Asia. G. JACKSON, Pestnet, Queens Park, NSW, Australia • The role of Q-Bank in supporting plant regulatory agencies. P. BONANTS, Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, Rhenen, The Netherlands • Recent developments and future plans for the Pest and Disease Image Library (PaDIL). K. WALKER, Victoria Museum, Melbourne, Australia • Leveraging digital resources and social networks for identification and extension education. J. LAFOREST, Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, The University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, U.S.A.

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Disease Complex Between Nematodes and Other Plant Pathogens Organizer: Koon-Hui Wang, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Diseases of Plants Sponsoring Committees: Nematology; Soil Microbiology and Root Diseases Plant-parasitic nematodes are often treated as hidden pests, but in reality their damaging impact could be catastrophic. Some examples of devastating nematode damages are plant disease complexes that involve plant-parasitic nematodes as a vector or having nematodes that intensify the damage. In other cases, nematodes are transmitted by an insect vector that could result in a wide-scale epidemic disease. This special session will showcase close collaboration between nematologists, plant patholgists, and entomologists to “implement change for plant protection”. 9

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• The nightmare of plant diseases associated with soybean cyst nematodes. T. NIBLACK, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, U.S.A. • Pine wilt disease: From nematology to quarantine. B. G. ZHAO, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PRC Peoples Republic of China • Viruses transmitted by nematodes: When the germs meet the worms. I. ZASADA, USDA ARS, Corvallis, WA, U.S.A. • Is it nematode or fungus that causes Mr. Potato to die early? A. MACGUIDWIN, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, U.S.A. • You think root-knot nematode is the only culprit? T. KIRKPATRICK, University of Arkansas, Hope, AR, U.S.A.

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Fungal Comparative Genomics and the Impact of Next Generation Sequencing Organizers: Corby Kistler, University of Minnesota/USDA-ARS, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A.; Steve Klosterman, USDA ARS, Salinas, CA, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Biology of Pathogens Sponsoring Committees: Genetics; Molecular and Cellular Phytopathology; Biotechnology The emergence of new generation DNA sequencing techniques, combined with preexisting Sanger technology, has led to an abundance of genome sequences for plant-pathogenic fungi. Among the outcomes of this work are genomics projects that have enabled comparisons of related fungal species and even individual strains of the same fungal species. The comparative genomics studies have led to breakthroughs in predictions of gene structure and function, identification of species- and lineage-specific sequences, as well as discovery of the dynamics of pathogenic adaptation and wholegenome evolution. This special session will summarize recent findings from individual comparative genomics projects as well as attempt to find common themes of evolution for pathogenicity among the diverse pathosystems represented. In addition, the special session will explore an application of next generation DNA sequencing technology for analysis of genes from plant-pathogenic fungi expressed in planta. • Mycosphaerella comparative genomics reveals chromosome dynamics, genome evolution, and stealth pathogenesis. S. GOODWIN, Purdue University/USDA-ARS, West Lafayette, IN, U.S.A. • Verticillium comparative genomics yields insights into niche adaptation by plant vascular wilt pathogens. S. KLOSTERMAN, USDA ARS, Salinas, CA, U.S.A. • Genome dynamics of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex. L.-J. MA, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A. • New insights into the obligate biotrophic lifestyle of rust fungi through comparative genomics. L. SZABO, USDA-ARS, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A. • Discovery of new soybean and soybean rust genes using next generation sequencing. A. TREMBLAY, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A.

Innovative Chemical and Biological Approaches to Plant Protection Organizer: Noriharu Ken Umetsu, IAPPS/EARC/Otsuka Chemical Co./Tokyo University of Agriculture, Osaka, Japan Section: Professionalism/Outreach /Industry/Genetic Engineering Sponsoring Committee: IAPPS Development of biological pest control agents and its harmonization with chemical pesticides becomes important in East Asia, where heavy pest pressures constantly exist due to severe weather conditions and therefore the IPM system has not accepted by many farmers for years. However, recently several unique and outstanding biological pesticides have been investigated in the area. In the special session, seven speakers, who are represented in each crop protection-related scientific society in East Asian countries will introduce the up-to-date information under the scope of the development of biological pest control agents as well as conventional chemical pesticides in this area. The information will surely give useful suggestions to the similar areas where the introduction of IPM system would be difficult. • Chemical and gene technological approaches for plant defense activators to control plant diseases. N. K.UMETSU, Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Osaka, Japan • Strigolactones as chemical signals for plant-plant and plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. K. YONEYAMA, Weed Science Center, Utsunomiya University, Japan • Novel technology for termite control based on the dummy-egg carrying behavior. K. MATSUURA, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, Japan • Use of microorganisms and plant activators to control soilborne diseases as alternatives to chemical fumigants in Japan. T. ARIE, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Tokyo, Japan • Recent development on research and application of novel green pesticides in China. X. QIAN, East China University of Science and Technology, China • Recent developments in neonicotinoid insecticides for plant protection. I. YAMAMOTO, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan • Custom-made control of apple disease for reduction of fungicide application in Korea. J. Y. UHM, Kyungpook National University, Korea

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International Mycotoxin Issues in a Changing World Organizers: Anthony Glenn, USDA, ARS, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA, U.S.A.; Rubella Goswami, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Epidemiology/Ecology/Environmental Biology Sponsoring Committees: Mycotoxicology; Office of International Programs; Tropical Plant Pathology; Mycology; Epidemiology Financial Sponsor: Romer Labs The special session will address the impacts of mycotoxins on health, trade, and economics across various regions of the world. Presentations will include i) updates on efforts within Kenya to address that nation’s severe aflatoxin problem; ii) new 11

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initiatives to evaluate fumonisin exposure in Guatemala; and iii efforts in Asia and the Pacific Rim to assess mycotoxin incidence and potential exposures. Development of risk assessment tools will also be addressed. Regulatory concerns and impact on global trade and economics will be discussed, as will the impact of changing weather patterns. • Capacity building to address recurring aflatoxicosis in Kenya. H. NGUGI, Penn State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Biglerville, PA, U.S.A. • Risk index assessment of aflatoxin contamination of peanut. K. BOWEN, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, U.S.A. • Evaluating human exposure to fumonisins in Guatemala. R. RILEY, USDA, ARS, Toxicology & Mycotoxin Research Unit, Athens, GA, U.S.A. • Mycotoxins in Asia and the Pacific Rim. J. L. RICHARD, Romer Labs Inc., Union, MO, U.S.A. • Shifting climatic conditions and potential effects on fungal population structure. G. PAYNE, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A. • Economics of mycotoxins. F. WU, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.

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International Perspectives on IPM Education for Advancing Sustainable Agricultural Systems Organizers: Gary Hein, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, U.S.A.; Robert McGovern and Norm Leppla, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A. Section: Professionalism/Outreach /Industry/Genetic Engineering Sponsoring Committee: APS Extension The management of pests through integrated pest management (IPM) is critical to developing and maintaining sustainable agricultural production systems. To achieve this challenging pest management goal, IPM practitioners must possess specialized knowledge about the pests, the production system involved, and their interactions. This increased requirement for IPM expertise occurs at all levels of agriculture, from subsistence farming through high-input and technologically driven agricultural systems found in most developed countries. This special session will explore the educational requirements for effective IPM at these various production levels and describe the diverse types of IPM education and training opportunities that are available. • Current status of integrated pest management training for university students and farmers in East Africa. S. KYAMANYWA, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda • IPM education in India: Training farmers through demonstration. N. KAUSHIK, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India • Lessons learned in designing IPM education for farmers and their advisors in Central America. A. RUEDA, Zamorano University, Tegucigalpa, Honduras • Advances in IPM education and payoffs in Southeast Asia. J. KETELAAR, FAO InterCountry Programme for IPM in Vegetables. Location TBA • Expanding educational and career opportunities for international IPM practitioners. R. MCGOVERN, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A.

Invasive Weeds as a Threat to Agriculture and Human Health Organizers: Tamas Komives, Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest, Hungary; Steve W. Adkins, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Section: Weed Science Sponsoring Committees: APS/IAPPS and Weed Science The dramatic increase in the infestation of weeds that invade from other countries is alarming. The “new comers” cross borders, affect biodiversity, and infest millions of hectares all over the world. Some of the invasive weeds are allergenic and may cause significant losses of working days. It was estimated the 35% of the European and U.S. population are sensitive to Ambrosia pollen. This special session will discuss the processes involved in plant material movement across borders, their establishment, and propose options for harmonized and sustainable management. • Ambrosia spp.: Weed management and human allergy. T. KOMIVES, Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest, Hungary • The need of weed risk assessment for preventing exotic invasive plants. R. LABARADA, Former FAO Weed Officer, Italy • Parthenium, global distribution, impacts, and management. S. W. ADKINS, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia • Invasive weeds—A global overview. J. DITOMASO, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, U.S.A. • Invasive weeds in the Mediterranean region. T. YAACOBY, Plant Protection and Inspection Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Israel

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IPM and Biological Control of Insect Pests, Plant Pathogens, and Invasive Weeds in the Pacific Islands: Where Are We Heading? Organizers: Warea Orapa, SPC Land Resources Division, Suva, Fiji Islands; Roy Masamdu, SPC Land Resources Division, Suva, Fiji Islands; Trevor Jackson, Lincoln Research Centre, AgResearch, Christchurch, New Zealand Section: Emerging Pests/Invasive Species Financial Sponsor: New Zealand Agency for International Development Integrated pest management and biological control are the most common practices used in plant protection in the Pacific islands. Past experiences, ongoing work, and future opportunities for plant pest, disease, and invasive weed management in the Pacific islands will be discussed. The special session will include major biosecurity pests that have potential impact beyond the Pacific. If there is sufficient interest, full papers will be prepared for a publication on the topic. The Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) and AgResearch New Zealand will coordinate the session. • Biocontrol of invasive weeds in the Pacific. W. ORAPA, SPC Land Resources Division, Suva, Fiji Islands • Containing the rhinoceros beetle outbreak on Guam. A. MOORE, University Guam, Mangilar, Guam • Behavior and management strategies for taro beetles Papua spp. in the Pacific islands. F. ATUMURIRAVA and R. MASAMDU, SPC Land Resources Division, Suva, Fiji Islands 13

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• Containing Oryctes rhinoceros outbreaks on oil palm in Papau, New Guinea. C. DEWHURST, Papua New Guinea Oil Palm Research, Papua, New Guinea • Effectiveness of fruit fly parasitoids introduced from Hawaii in French Polynesia. R. PUTOA, French Polynesia • Host preferences of fruit fly species on banana varieties in northern Australia and Papua New Guinea. A. MARARUAI, NARI, Papua New Guinea • Role of insect diseases in managing Pacific pests. T. JACKSON, Lincoln Research Centre, AgResearch, Christchurch, New Zealand

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IPM Program for Vegetable Crops in the Tropics and Opportunities for IPM Graduates Organizer: R. Muniappan, IPM CRSP/ Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A. Section: IPM-Biocontrol-Plant Disease Management Sponsoring Committees: IAPPS, APS Biological Control; APS Integrated Plant Disease Management IPM CRSP projects in Central, South, and Southeast Asia, East and West Africa, and LAC have been developing IPM packages for high-value vegetable crops. Crops being addressed are tomato, potato, eggplant, okra, cucurbits, crucifers, and onion. Some of the major pest problems addressed are bacterial wilt, plant-pathogenic fungi, poti-, gemini-, and tospoviruses, cutworms, fruit borers, leafminers, whiteflies, nematodes, and weeds. IPM packages developed are shared among collaborating countries. An evaluation of major IPM tactics developed for use in vegetable crops in each country will be presented. Opportunities for IPM graduates in international agriculture will be presented. • IPM program for vegetable crops in Central Asia. K. MAREDIA, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A. • IPM packages for vegetable crops in Indonesia. A. RAUF, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia • IPM packages developed for vegetable crops in the Philippines. H. RAPUSAS, PhilRice, Philippines • IPM packages for vegetable crops in India. S. MOHANKUMAR, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India • IPM packages for vegetable crops in Bangladesh. R. KARIM, IPM CRSP, Bangladesh • IPM packages developed for high-value horticultural crops in Latin America and the Caribbean. J. ALWANG, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A. • IPM packages developed for vegetable crops in West Africa. D. G. PFEIFFER, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A. • IPM packages for horticultural crops in Uganda. S. KYAMANYWA, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda • Opportunities for gradutates of IPM and related areas in international agriculture. S. MILLER, Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, U.S.A.

Laboratory Methods for Detecting and Characterizing Fungicide Resistance Organizers: Frank Wong, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, U.S.A.; Gerald Holmes, Valent USA Corp., Cary, NC, U.S.A.; Gilberto Olaya, Syngenta Crop Protection, Vero Beach, FL, U.S.A. Section: IPM-Biocontrol-Plant Disease Management Sponsoring Committees: APS Pathogen Resistance; APS Chemical Control; APS Industry; North American Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC) Resistance of plant pathogens to fungicides is one of the most important issues for plant disease management in North America. Resistance negatively impacts our ability to control diseases and has significant economic consequences. To successfully manage resistance, reliable and accurate methods for detection and characterization of resistance are essential. Topics will include an analysis of critical mistakes made in resistance assessment, statistical considerations for studies, and a review of in vitro, in vivo, and molecular methods for detecting and characterizing fungicide resistance with emphasis on the most economically important pathogens and fungicide groups. • Fungicide resistance testing and monitoring strategies: Good science and common mistakes. W. WILCOX, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, U.S.A. • Statistical considerations for sampling and data analysis for fungicide resistance. L. MADDEN, Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, U.S.A. • Laboratory methods for evaluating resistance in vitro. F. WONG, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, U.S.A. • Laboratory methods for evaluating resistance for obligate pathogens. G. OLAYA, Syngenta Crop Protection, Vero Beach, FL, U.S.A. • Molecular methods for fungicide resistance detection. H. SIEROTZKI, Syngenta Crop Protection, Stein, Switzerland

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Management of Insect-Transmitted Plant Virus Diseases in the Tropics Organizers: Naidu Rayapati, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, U.S.A.; Sue Tolin, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Diseases of Plants Sponsoring Committees: IAPPS; APS Virology; APS Tropical Plant Pathology Viruses causing economically important plant diseases are often transmitted by specific insect vectors that may also be pests of the crop. Invasions of new insect vector species and biotypes, shifting agricultural practices, and globalization of agricultural and horticultural products are contributing to the emergence and/or reemergence of numerous viral diseases. Vector-borne viruses are major constraints to food production and security in tropical countries. A broad knowledge of virus and vector biology and epidemiology and of interactions of viruses with their vectors and ecosystems are needed to design and implement successful management strategies. Vectors and viruses transcend geographic and national boundaries, necessitating multidisciplinary, system-wide, and holistic approaches to eco-friendly, sustainable management strategies for plant virus diseases. Invited speakers will 15

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present overviews of vector and virus disease management strategies. Case studies with different perspectives and experiences in designing and implementing management strategies will give insight into IPM for management of insect-transmitted virus diseases globally. • The role of epidemiology in the management of insect-transmitted viruses—A tropical perspective. R. A. C. JONES, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia • Management of whitefly-transmitted virus diseases in a developing country—A case study. M. PALMERI, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala • Monitoring success of a host-free period for managing tomato viruses in developing countries. R. GILBERTSON, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, U.S.A. • Management of Peanut bud necrosis virus disease in tomato in South Asia. N. RAYAPATI, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, U.S.A. • Whitefly vector populations in relation to virus ecology and management. J. BROWN, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A. • Challenges unique to managing viruses in tropical developing countries. S. TOLIN, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A.

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MRLs: A Growing Agricultural Export Issue Organizers: Alex Cochran, Syngenta Crop Protection, Granite Bay, CA, U.S.A.; Aaron Hert, Syngenta Crop Protection, Vero Beach, FL, U.S.A. Section: Professionalism/Outreach /Industry/Genetic Engineering Sponsoring Committee: Industry Maximum residue level (MRLs) are developed and maintained by the Codex committee of pesticide residues. Although these suggested MRL levels have been in place, many countries set their own independent standards and often there is a drag between MRL establishment by the Codex committee and individual countries. This special session will discuss the current issues followed by a discussion of what the current issues are and where we need to go. • MRL problems in the international marketplace. J. CRANNEY, President of California Citrus Quality Council. • The Pacific Rim MRL issues. M. MARTIN, Grape and Tree-Fruit League. • MRLs in Europe—How philosophies differ from the United States. H. IRRIG, Syngenta–Regulatory Product Manager. • Apple export in Washington. D. CARTER, Technical Issues Manager, NW Hort Council.

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New and Emerging Technologies in Turfgrass Disease Management Organizer: Damon Smith, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Diseases of Plants Sponsoring Committee: Turfgrass Pathology

Disease management in turfgrasses has historically involved highly specialized practices that are very different than those used for managing pathogens in other commodities. As a result, the turfgrass industry often develops unique disease management strategies. This special session will examine the history of turfgrass disease management techniques and how new technologies are being applied to this quickly progressing area. The special session will cover a wide range of topics, including the use of basic biological tools to improve the understanding of turfgrass pathosystems, new diagnostic techniques, cutting-edge product application technology, and the use of new social media for information dissemination. • The history and new advances in fungicide development for turfgrass disease management. J. KERNS, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A. • Advances in application technology for turfgrass disease management. M. KENNELLY, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A. • Turfgrass diagnostics and new, advanced technologies. J. CROUCH, USDA-ARS, Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A. • Systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance in turfgrass disease management. T. HSIANG, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada • Using molecular tools to improve our knowledge of turfgrass pathogens. N. WALKER, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A. • Using social media in turfgass disease management education. J. E. KAMINSKI, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, U.S.A.

New Products and Services

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Organizer: George Musson, Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, NC, U.S.A. Section: IPM-Biocontrol-Plant Disease Management Sponsoring Committee: Industry This special session provides a forum for highlighting new products and services that are in the pipeline or are now offered to growers and researchers to aid in managing or understanding plant diseases.

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Omics Approaches for the Characterization of Interactions Between Human Enteric Pathogens and Plants: A Plant Pathologists Perspective Organizers: Kelly Chamberlin, USDA-ARS, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A.; Max Teplitski, University of Florida, Genetics Institute, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Diseases of Plants Sponsoring Committee: IAPPS Organizing Committee This special session will focus on -omics approaches for comparing strategies with which phytobacteria and also human enteric pathogens (like Salmonella, E. coli, or Serratia) colonize and persist within plant tissues. Given all the recent outbreaks of vegetable-borne gastroenteritis, there is a real interest in understanding how human pathogens interact with plants and also in learning how to deal with human pathogens from the perspective of a plant pathologist. 17

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• Enterics and crops: The field prospective. M. DANYLUK, University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL, U.S.A. • Convergent and divergent behaviors in EHEC and plant-associated endophytes. M. MARCO, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A. • Transcriptome of EHEC-lettuce interactions. M. T. BRANDL, USDA-ARS, Albany, CA, U.S.A. • The role of Salmonella virulence genes in the interactions with plants. J. BARAK, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, U.S.A. • An insight from the functional genomics analysis of pathogenic plant endophytic and Klebsiella pneumoniae. D. E. FOUTS, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD. U.S.A.

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Parasitic Weeds—The Drawback of the Hungry World Organizer: Hanan Eizenberg, ARO, Volcani Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel Section: Weed Science Sponsoring Committees: IAPPS Weed Science Financial Sponsors: FAO; CropLife International Parasitic weeds such as witchweed (Striga spp.), broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and dodder (Cuscuta spp.) are the main parasitic weeds that infest all major crops, monocots and dicots, all over the world. Witchweed infestation in maize, sorghum, and millet causes hunger in more than 100 million people in Africa. Broomrape parasitizes legume crops all over the Mediterranean region and sunflowers all over Eastern Europe and the Mideast. Field dodder is a cosmopolitan pest in alfalfa, cucurbits, and vegetable crops such as carrots. • Striga—The witchweed that jeopardizes food supply in Africa. G. EJETA, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, U.S.A. • Orobanche (Phelipanche) spp.: Host-parasite relationship. Y. GOLDWASSER, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel • Field dodder (Cuscuta campestris) assimilates and solutes traffic between host and parasite. B. RUBIN, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel • Role of strigolactones in the host-parasite association. K. YONEYAMA, Utsunomiya University, Japan • Decision support system for bromrape (Orobanche) control. H. EIZENBERG, ARO, Volcani Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel • Parasitic plants communication with their hosts: Insight from genomics. J. WESTWOOD, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A.

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Pesticide Resistance in Agriculture—A Global Issue Organizers: Jim Bone, Dupont, Valdosta, GA, U.S.A.; Baruch Rubin, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel Section: Professionalism/Outreach /Industry/Genetic Engineering Sponsoring Committees: APS Industry; IAPPS A review of the current status of pest resistance issues and overall disciplinary— fungicide, herbicide, and insecticide—management objectives, including a review of 18

the past, current status, and projections for the future. Consideration will be given to causes, cures, and resources required to assure availability of effective management tools from the prospective of industry fungicide, herbicide, and insecticide resistance action committees as well as academia. • • • • • •

Insecticide RAC view of resistance. R. NAUEN, Bayer. Fungicide RAC view of resistance. A. LEADBEATER, Syngenta, Basel, Switzerland Herbicide RAC view of resistance. J. SOTERES, Monsanto. Gene flow and herbicide resistance. N. BURGOS, University of Arkansas. ACCase resistance in grasses. J. P. RUIZ-SANTAELLA, Bayer. Herbicide resistance as a threat to dryland farming in the Mediterranean. B. RUBIN, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel • Survey of glyphosate resistance mechanisms. D. SAMMONS, Monsanto. • ALS resistant weeds: Molecular and biochemical mechanisms. D. SHANER, ARS USDA.

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Phytopathological Phreakonomics

Organizer: Janna Beckerman, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Diseases of Plants The book, Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything, written by Steven Levitt, a University of Chicago economist, and Stephen J. Dubner, a New York Times journalist, applies economic theory to a diversity of cultural phenomena. It is often described as pop culture meets and is decon-structed by economics. What would happen at the intersection of pop culture, economics, and plant pathology? The objective of this special session is to apply three cornerstones of the book to plant pathology. These cornerstones are i) the conventional wisdom is often wrong; ii) experts use their information to their own advantage; and iii) dramatic effects often have distant even subtle causes. • Phytopathological phreakonomics and organic agriculture—An introduction to economics and the deconstruction of phytopathology. P. MITCHELL, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A. • How IPM caused the current fungicide resistance crisis in apple management. G. SUNDIN, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A. • Don’t bother me with the facts: Strobilurins and plant health. P. ESKER, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A. • Regulating the ubiquitous. T. GOTTWALD, USDA-ARS, Fort Pierce, FL, U.S.A. • Biological control is neither. H. SCHERM, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, U.S.A. • The hidden cost of free trade: Or how Dutch elm disease created the emerald ash borer epidemic. G. HUDLER, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A.

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Plant Protection and Food Security in a Changing World Organizers: Jenifer Huang McBeath, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Fairbanks, AK, U.S.A.; Lewis Ziska, USDA-ARS, Crop Systems and Global Change, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A. Section: Weed Science Sponsoring Committee: IAPPS Organization Committee Both plant protection and food security are strongly influenced by changes in the global environment. The effects of climate change are greater in polar regions than elsewhere and are particularly noticeable in the far north. Decadal increases in temperature and ocean warming have resulted in rapid glacial melt and increased storm surges on the coast; melting sea ice increasingly opens the arctic to marine transportation. Other changes caused by warming include fluctuating precipitation and wind patterns and rising ground temperatures, which in turn affect crop diversity as well as transmission, survival, and dominance of invasive pathogens, arthropods, and weeds in the environment. In addition, technology advancement often alters the environment surrounding host plants. The many dimensions of climate change will have significant impacts on plant protection and food security, which are explored in this special session. • New challenges for plant protection under conditions of climate change. J. H. MCBEATH and H. DIAZ-SOLTERO, University of Alaska Fairbanks-USDA-Forest Service, Fairbanks, AK, U.S.A. • Snow molds in a changing environment and molecular basis for their interactions with plants under the snow. A. M. TRONSMO, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway; I. RYOZO Japan National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Japan • Climate change and plant protection: Emerging viral and weed threats. N. ROBERTSON, USDA National Clonal Germplasm Repository; L. ZISKA, USDA-ARS, Crop Systems and Global Change, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A. • Climate change: Impact of invasive arthropods and pathogens on food security. A. GUTIERREZ, University of California, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A. • Benefits and pitfalls of changing host environment for the purpose of plant protection. D. HUBER, Purdue University, Emeritus, Melba, IA, U.S.A.

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Role of Fatty Acids and Lipids in Host-Pathogen Interactions Organizers: Shaker Kousik, USDA-ARS, Charleston, SC, U.S.A.; Pradeep Kachroo, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, U.S.A.; Alemu Mengistu, USDA-ARS, Jackson, TN, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Molecular/Cellular/Plant-Microbe Interactions Sponsoring Committees: Host Resistance; Molecular and Cellular Phytopathology Role of fatty acids and lipids in host-pathogen interactions including the molecular mechanisms of jasmonate signaling, cuticle defense, volatiles, and phosphatic acid signaling in plant defense. • Molecular mechanism of jasmonate signaling. G. HOWE, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, U.S.A. 20

• How PI-3-P mediates entry of oomycete, fungal and insect effectors into host cells. B. TYLER, Virginia Bioinformatics Inst., Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A. • Role of glycerolipid metabolism in plant systemic immunity. A. KACHROO, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, U.S.A. • Lipid-mediated cross-talk between plant hosts and fungal pathogens. M. KOLOMIETS, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, U.S.A. • Title & Speaker To Be Announced • Ooleic acid regulated signaling and plant defense. P. KACHROO, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, U.S.A.

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Schroth Faces of the Future in Nematology Organizers: Gilda Rauscher, Pioneer-Dupont, Wilmington, DE, U.S.A.; Teresa Hughes, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Diseases of Plants Sponsoring Committee: Early Career Professionals This special session is designed to acknowledge the “up and comers” in the nematology discipline of plant pathology. The speakers will present their current research and speculate on the future direction of their discipline.

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Technology Outlook: Detection Innovations and Successes Organizers: Clarissa Maroon-Lango and Jorge Abad, USDA APHIS PPQ PGQP, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A.; Laurene Levy, USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A Section: Plant Pathology-Diseases of Plants Sponsoring Committees: Plant Pathogen and Disease Detection; Emerging Diseases and Pathogens; Diagnostics Financial Sponsor: USDA-APHIS-PPQ This special session will highlight state-of-the-art technologies used in detecting a wide range of plant pathogens. The topic covers methodologies that are at the proof-of-concept stage or beyond and some are being successfully deployed. The special session will demonstrate the integration of new technologies from outside the plant pathology discipline and the science of pathogen detection to solve disease and regulatory issues. • Deployment of macroarrays in plant pathogen detection. C. A. LEVESQUE, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada, • Genomic markers for detection, identification, and classification of phytoplasmas. Y. ZHAO, USDA-ARS MPPL, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A. • Detection of plant pathogens using surface plasmon resonance technology. R. DI, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, U.S.A. • The quest for unknown viruses in plants by siRNA deep sequencing. J. KREUZE, International Potato Center–CIP, Lima, Peru • The use of isothermal DNA amplification (NEAR) in plant disease diagnostics. T. SPENLINHAUER, Envirologix, Portland, ME, U.S.A. 21

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Tropical Forest Pathology Organizers: Pauline Spaine, USDA APHIS, Riverdale, MD, U.S.A.; Jennifer Juzwik, USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Diseases of Plants Sponsoring Committees: Forest Pathology; Tropical Plant Pathology; Mycology This special session will highlight diseases of tropical forests worldwide. We have one speaker for tropical island forest windbreak diseases—Casaurina spp. This species is grown in China, India, and Indonesia and also occurs as an invasive in the United States and other coastal areas. There will be a speaker on Eucalyptus species and the growing disease problems with this crop, which is planted worldwide. Also addressed will be other tree diseases from a speaker on Hawaii and Koa wilt and tree diseases on the islands and surrounding tropical areas. Diseases are affecting the culture of both Casuarina, a plantation species, and Torreya taxifolia, an endangered species. • Diseases of tropical Eucalyptus spp.: Growing threats to a critically valuable global forestry resource. M. WINGFIELD, FABI Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa • Disease resistance screening for Koa wilt disease. D. BORTHAKUR, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, U.S.A. • Casuarina decline. R. SCHLUB, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam • Casuarina decline. Z. MERSHA, University of Florida, Homestead, FL, U.S.A. • Invasion of Puccinia psidii into Hawaii, hosts infected, molecular characterization, and pathogenicity tests. J. UCHIDA, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, U.S.A. • Puccinia psidii on eucalyptus: Epidemiology and resistance. A. ALFENAS, Univ Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Brazil

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Using Translational Biotechnology to Deploy Disease Resistance Traits in Crop Plants Organizers: Dennis Halterman, USDA/ARS, Madison, WI, U.S.A.; Yinong Yang, Penn State University, College Park, PA, U.S.A.; Scott Soby, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, U.S.A.; Peter Raymond, Ag Sci Consulting, Cottageville, SC, U.S.A.; Dennis Gonsalves, USDA/ARS, Hilo, HI, U.S.A.; Kelly Chamberlin, USDA/ARS, Stillwater, OK, U.S.A. Section: Professionalism/Outreach /Industry/Genetic Engineering Sponsoring Committees: Biotechnology; Molecular and Cellular Phytopathology; Host Resistance Financial Sponsors: Monsanto; Simplot; British Society for Plant Pathology The use of biotechnology in crop improvement has the potential to dramatically impact the sustainability of agriculture production worldwide. However, there has been reluctance to accept many crops with biotech traits—especially disease resistance traits. This special session will focus on the current status of GMO technology and the “translational” aspect of this technology. This special session will provide a retrospective look at the way genetic modification has benefitted plant protection and lessons that have been learned from previous attempts to use biotechnology to advance breeding for resistance to disease. In addition, the special session will provide an ethical view 22

of the use of biotechnology in agriculture from a nonscientist’s perspective as well as a scientist’s view of how to best communicate the benefits of using biotechnology to provide a sustainable supply of food. • Risk assessment of GMOs. M. FUCHS, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, U.S.A. • Transgenic squash: The inside story. H. QUEMADA, Crop Technology Consulting, Inc. Location TBA • An ethical look at integrating new traits using biotechnology—A nonscientist perspective. D. MAGNUS, Stanford University. Location TBA • Development of durable resistance in crop plants and their deployment in agriculture. E. WARD, Two Blades Foundation, Durham, NC, U.S.A. • History of the successful introduction of transgenic virus-resistant papaya in Hawaii. D. GONSALVES, USDA/ARS, Hilo, HI, U.S.A.

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What Else is There? New Genes, Metabolites, and Regulatory Pathways Involved in Biocontrol by Bacteria Organizer: Brian McSpadden Gardener, The Ohio State University-OARDC, Wooster, OH, U.S.A. Section: Plant Pathology-Molecular/Cellular/Plant-Microbe Interactions Sponsoring Committees: APS Biological Control; APS Bacteriology The rapid adoption of high-throughput sequencing has resulted in a large number of genome sequencing efforts of diverse biocontrol bacteria. Functional analysis follows with site-directed mutation of interesting candidates and either metabolomic and/or bioassays to characterize how such genes affect interactions with plant hosts and targeted pathogens. Recently, work in several laboratories has lead to the discovery of new genes, metabolites, and regulatory pathways that will transform our understanding of how single strains affect plant health. This special session will provide an opportunity for those most recent discoveries to be presented and discussed in the context of our rapidly changing paradigm of biocontrol. • Revelations from multiway comparisons of genomes from multiple pseudomonad biocontrol agents. J. LOPER, USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR, U.S.A. • Novel pathways revealed in P. fluorescens Q2-87 and Q8r1-96. L. THOMASHOW, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA, U.S.A. • Novel regulatory pathways involved in biocontrol expressed by Lysobacter enzymogenes. D. KOBAYASHI, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, U.S.A. • Identifying potential modes of action for Cryptococcus flavescens a biocontrol of Fusarium head blight. M. BOEHM, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A. • Pantoea agglomerans genes and metabolites that contribute to biocontrol of fire blight. B. DUFFY, Agroscope, Wadenswil, Switzerland • What makes Chromobacterium tick? New metabolites from a novel biocontrol agent. Y. C. KIM, Chonnman National University, Gwangju, South Korea

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Wheat Blast—A Potential Threat to Global Wheat Production Organizer: Gary Peterson, USDA ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, Fort Detrick, MD, U.S.A. Section: Emerging Pests/Invasive Species Sponsoring Committees: APS Regulatory Plant Pathology; APS Emerging Diseases and Pathogens Financial Sponsor: British Society for Plant Pathology Wheat blast, caused by a pathotype of the pathogen Magnaporthe grisea is an emerging disease in temperate regions in South America. Originally identified in Parana, Brazil, in 1985, it has since established in 90% of Brazil’s wheat production areas with field losses of 5 to 100% reported. In 2009, Brazil reported disease losses of 30% nationally. Bolivia removed 60% of its fields from production and Paraguay reported losses of 30 to 40%. In 2010, wheat blast was observed in production fields in Argentina. Rain at flowering and high temperatures favor severe disease loss. No wheat cultivars have been identified as resistant to all isolates of wheat blast. Foliar symptoms are absent in commercial fields and the source of seasonal inoculum has not been clearly identified. Foliar applications of fungicides have proven to be ineffective during favorable disease years. The aim of this special session is to provide information on the history of the disease, a summary of current research and management approaches, and the possible implications of international spread. • Mechanisms of resistance and chemical control of wheat blast. A. VON TIEDEMANN, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany • Evaluation of U.S. wheat germplasm for resistance to wheat blast. W. BOCKUS, Kansas State University. Manhattan, KS, U.S.A. • An international perspective on wheat blast. E. DUVEILLER, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico City, DF, Mexico • Population variation and genetics in Magnaporthe grisea. P. C. CERESINI, Institute of Integrative Biology, Zurich, Switzerland • Climatic modeling for wheat blast potential in Brazil. M. FERNANDES, EMBRAPA Wheat, Passo Fundo, Brazil • Overview of wheat blast activities in Paraquay, Bolivia, and Argentina. M. KOHLI, Paraguayan Chamber of Exporters of Cereals and Oilseeds (CAPECO), Paraquay

Why Care About Crop Loss? Impacts on Science, Production, and Society Organizer: Andrea Ficke, Bioforsk Plantehelse, As, Norway Section: Plant Pathology-Epidemiology/Ecology/Environmental Biology Sponsoring Committees: Crop Loss Assessment and Risk Evaluation (CARE); Epidemiology Crop loss is the raison d’être of plant pathology and plant protection. We quote crop loss estimates and assessments with little forethought every time we seek to justify our positions, careers, grant proposals, and daily activities. Yet few of us really understand the complexity and diversity of crop loss assessments or possess the skills to either evaluate the estimates quoted by others or generate sophisticated hierarchical estimates for special purposes. A multidimensional approach to crop loss assessment and its impact on local, national, and global levels will be discussed. • Why do we care about crop loss? P. TENG, National Institute of Education, Singapore • How do we assess crop loss? P. ESKER, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A. • Crop losses on the farm level: A multidimensional approach. A. FICKE, Bioforsk Plantehelse, As, Norway • Crop losses in highly populated areas: A global perspective. S. SAVARY, IRRI, Metro Manila, Philippines • Impact of crop loss in the United States. C. HOLLIER, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, U.S.A. • GMO crops—Their potential, risks, and benefits in reducing crop loss. C. FAUQUET, ILTAB Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.

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hotel information APS has negotiated discounted rates at the following hotels: Hilton Hawaiian Village (Headquarters Hotel) Phone: 1.800.445.8667 Discounted Rates Village Garden View Single/Double: ............................................ $185 Partial Ocean View Single/Double: .............................................. $205 Ocean View Single/Double: . ....................................................... $235 Deluxe Ocean View Single/Double: ............................................. $255 Additional Person(s): ......................................................... $50/person Plus 11.96% tax/night (subject to change) Doubletree Hotel Phone: 1.800.445.8667 Discounted Rates Standard Single/Double: ............................................................. $172 Additional Person(s): ......................................................... $40/person Plus 11.96% tax/night (subject to change)

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