Illustrated Generic Names of Fungi

Kingdom Chromista

Hyphochytrium, Aqualinderella, Pontisma, Peronospora, Plasmopara, Ectrogella

Myzocytium, Sphaerita, Monorhizochytrium, Bremia, Dictyuchus, Pythium 412

Hyphochytrium hydrodictii

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Chromista

Achlya Nees Saprolegniaceae, Saprolegniales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. 1823. In: C. G. Carus, Beitrag zur Geschichte der unter Wasser an verwesenden Thierkörpern sich erzeugenden Schimmel-oder AlgenGattungen. Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol.

Nat. Cur. 11:514.

From Gr. achlýo, to darken, or < achlýs, darkness, haze, + L. suf. -ia, which denotes quality or state of something. Sporangia and oogonia dark grey. Saprobic on the remains of plants and animals in water or soil.

Gray, S. F. 1806. Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. (London) 1:47.

From L. albus, white, particularly opaque white rather than brilliant or lustrous white + L. suf. -ugo, which indicates the possession of a substance or property. Pustules white, resulting from formation of conidiosporangia beneath epiderm. Causes a disease known as white rust on plants (mainly Amaranthaceae, Brassicaeae, and Solanaceae).

Albugo candida (Pers.) Roussel: conidiosporangia within a pustule, on the living host, x 200.

Achlya americana Humphrey: oogonium with oospheres, and antheridia, x 750.

Anisolpidium Karling Anisolpidiaceae, Anisolpidiales, Olpidiopsididae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Karling, J. S. 1943. The life history of Anisolpidium ectocarpi gen. nov. et sp. nov., and a synopsis and classification of other fungi with anteriorly uniflagellate zoospores. Am. J. Bot. 30:637-648.

From Gr. ánisos, unequal + genus 0lpidium (Braun) Rabenh. < Gr. olpís, oil bottle, small glass + dim. -ídion > L. -idium. Thallus similar to that of 0lpidium (olpidioid), but with zoospores having one mastigonemate flagellum on the anterior pole, instead of one whiplash type on the posterior pole. A parasite of marine algae.

Albugo (Pers.) Roussel Albuginaceae, Albuginales, Albuginidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista

Aphanomyces de Bary Leptolegniaceae, Saprolegniales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista

414

Apodachlya de Bary, A. 1860. Einige neue Saprolegnieen. Jb. Wiss.

Bot. 2:178.

From Gr. aphanés, invisible, secret, unknown + mýkes > L. myces, fungus. Hyphae delicate, long, scantily branched, difficult to detect. Saprobic on plant and animal remains or as a parasite of Daphnia and other small animals.

From genus Aphanomyces de Bary (< aphanés, invisible + mykes > L. myces, fungus) + L. suf -opsis < Gr. -ópsis, appearance, aspect, i.e., similar to the fungus Aphanomyces de Bary. An endobiotic parasite of diatoms and desmids.

Aphanomycopsis bacillariacearum Scherff.: zoosporangium in a cell of Pinnularia, and biflagellate zoospores, x 475.

Apodachlya Pringsh.

Leptomitaceae, Leptomitales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Pringsheim, N. 1883. Über Cellulinkörner, eine Modification der Cellulose in Körnerform. Ber. dt. bot.

Ges. 1:289.

From genus Achlya Nees (< Gr. achlýo, darkened) + prep. apó, which is employed to give the idea of something that is lacking, separation, transformation, i.e., that differs, in this case with respect to the hyphae, which in Apodachlya are more slender, slightly refractile or of a brilliant gray color, whereas in Achlya, with which it often coexists on submerged branches and fruits, the hyphae are coarser.

Anisolpidium ectocarpi Karling: zoosporangium with uniflagellate zoospores, in the cells of Ectocarpus mitchellae and E. siliculosus, in North Carolina, U.S.A., x 800.

Aphanomyces laevis de Bary: two zoosporangia, one with internal zoospores, and another releasing zoospores. At right, oogonium and antheridium, x 500.

Aphanomycopsis Scherff.

Leptolegniellaceae, Leptomitales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Incertae sedis, Oomycota, Chromista Scherffel, A. l925. Endophytische Phycomyceten Parasiten der Bacillariaceen und einige neue Monadinen.

Ein Beitrag zur Phylogenie der Oomyceten (Schröter).

Arch. Protistenk. 52:11.

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Apodachlya brachynema (Hildebr.) Pringsh.: a hypha with oogonium and antheridium, x 600.

Apodachlyella Apodachlyella Indoh Apodachlyellaceae, Leptomitales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Indoh, H. 1939. Studies on the Japanese aquatic fungi.

I. On Apodachlyella completa, sp. nov., with revision of the Leptomitaceae. Sci. Rep. Tokyo Bunrika Daig., Sect.

B, 4:43-50.

From genus Apodachlya Pringsh. < apó, separation + Achlya Ness + des. -ia, which denotes quality or state of something + L. dim. suf. -ella. Similar to Apodachlya, but differs in having multispored oogonia and lacking zoosporangia. Saprobic in soil and water.

periplasmic covering that form attractive reticulations, frequently of a golden color. Saprobic on plant remains, particularly branches in water.

Aqualinderella fermentans R. Emers. & W. Weston: thallus with zoosporangia, x 50.

Apodachlyella completa (Humphrey) Indoh: oogonium with four oospheres, and external antheridium, x 420.

Aqualinderella R. Emers. & W. Weston Rhipidiaceae, Rhipidiales, Peronosporidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Emerson, R., W. H. Weston. 1967. Aqualinderella fermentans gen. et sp. nov., a phycomycete adapted to stagnant waters. I. Morphology and occurrence in nature. Am. J. Bot. 54:702-719.

From L. aqua, water + linder, in honor of the American mycologist David H. Linder, who was the first to see and collect this organism + L. dim. suf. -ella. Living in stagnant water on submerged fruits, free or almost free of oxygen, with high concentrations of CO2 and fermentable organic material.

Araiospora Thaxt.

Rhipidiaceae, Rhipidiales, Peronosporidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Thaxter, R. 1896. New or peculiar aquatic fungi. 4.

Rhipidium, Sapromyces, and Araiospora, nov. gen. Bot. Gaz. 21:326.

From Gr. araíos, rare, tenous, or < araiós, delicate, slender + sporá, spore. Oospore thick-walled, with a

Araiospora pulchra Thaxt.: thallus with golden oospores, growing on aquatic plant debris, x 180.

Basidiophora Roze & Cornu Peronosporaceae, Peronosporales, Peronosporidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Roze, E., M. Cornu. 1869. Sur deux nouveaux tyres génériques pour les fammes des Saprolegniées et Péronosporées. Annls. Sci. Nat., Bot. Sér. 5, 11:84.

From Gr. basídion, dim. of básis, base + suf. -phóros < phéro, to carry, bear. Sporangiophore cylindrical to clavate; apex with small sterigmata producing sporangia.

An obligate parasite of vascular plants.

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Combresomyces From L. brevis, short, of short duration + Gr. légnon, légne, border, slender filament, fringe, edge + L. suf.

-ia, quality or state of something. Mycelium sparse.

Sporangial wall disintegrates to liberate zoospores.

Saprobic in detritus in soil.

Basidiophora entospora Roze & Cornu: sporangiophores and sporangia, coming through a stoma of a leaf of Aster, x 120.

Bremia Regel Peronosporaceae, Peronosporales, Peronosporidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Regel, E. 1843. Beiträge zur Kenntnis einiger Blattpilze.

Botan. Ztg. (Berlin) 1:665-667.

A genus dedicated in honor of the cleric Bremi + L. suf. -ia, which denotes belonging to. Sporangiophores projecting from stomata of leaves, branching dichotomously, each branch terminating in an flattened enlargement from whose edges arise sterigmata bearing spheroid sporangia (conidiosporangia), with apex depressed, papillate.

Oospores small, globose with a subrugose, yellow-brown episporium. Parasitizes lettuce.

Bremia lactucae Regel: sporangiophore with sporangia, x 120.

Brevilegnia Coker & Couch Saprolegniaceae, Saprolegniales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Coker, W. C., 1927. Other water molds from the soil.

J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 42:212.

Brevilegnia subclavata Couch: sporangia with zoospores, and a hypha with masculine and feminine gametangia, x 300.

Brevilegniella M. W. Dick Leptolegniellaceae, Leptomitales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Dick, M. W. 1961. Brevilegniella keratinophila gen. nov. sp. nov. Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 46:195-204.

From genus Brevilegnia Coker & Couch + L. dim. suf.

-ella. Saprobic on keratinous subtrates in water and soil.

Combresomyces Dotzler, et al.

Fossil Oomycota Dotzler, N., et al. 2008. Combresomyces cornifer gen. sp. nov., an endophytic peronosporomycete in Lepidodendron from the Carboniferous of central France.

Mycol. Res. 112:1107-1114.

Named for Combres (or Combre) + L. myces, fungus, a village in the Massif Central, central France, where the fossil was found. Pyriform to subglobose terminal oogonium, thin-walled, subtended by wide hypha (oogonial stalk); simple septum present between oogonium and oogonial stalk; oogonium with prominent antler-like surface extensions positioned on hollow, column-like or broadly triangular papillations of oogonial wall; extensions once or twice dichotomized, densely spaced, regularly distributed on entire surface except in neck region; oogonium empty, sometimes

417

Cornumyces containing several (usually 3-7) small spherules or a single aplerotic or nearly plerotic oospore; antheridium clavate, paragynous. Endophytic in Lepidodendron, intracellular in periderm.

encysted spores germinate and liberate zoospores, walls of empty cysts give appearance of a net. Saprobic on plant detritus in water and soil.

Cornumyces M.W. Dick Inc. sed., Leptomitales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Dick, M. W. 2001. Straminipilous Fungi: Systematics of the Peronosporomycetes including accounts of the marine straminipilous protists, the plasmodiophorids and similar organisms (Dordrecht):327.

Named in honor of Marie Maxime Cornu, a French botanist, algologist and mycologist + L. myces, fungus.

Zoosporangium irregularly tubular with short contorted branches or lobes of varying length, occasionally ellipsoidal or narrowly reniform, causing pronounced swelling of the infected apex of the hypha, with a single short sessile or slightly protruding discharge tube; reniform and biflagellate zoospores. Endobiotic on other zoosporic fugi such as Saprolegnia Nees and Achlya Nees.

Dictyuchus monosporus Leitg.: sporangium with the encysted spores, and another releasing zoospores, x 30.

Ectrogella Zopf Ectrogellaceae, Peronosporales, Peronosporidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Zopf, W. 1884. Zur Kenntniss der Phycomyceten. I. Zur Morphologie und Biologie der Ancylisteen und Chytridiaceen. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol.

German Nat. Cur. 47:143-236.

From Gr. ektro, to make abort + L. gelatinum, gel, gelatin, or < ektrétho, inflame, swell + L. dim. suf. -ella. Thallus in host expands and causes separation of valves of host cell.

Exit tubes of zoospores remain partially extramatrical, not perforating silicaceous wall of diatom. Endoparasitic on freshwater and marine diatoms.

Cornumyces irregularis (Const.) M. W. Dick (syn. Petersenia irregularis (Const.) Sparrow: endobiotic zoosporangia inside the hyphae of Achlya Nees, x 100.

Dictyuchus Leitg.

Saprolegniaceae, Saprolegniales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Leitgeb, H. 1868. Zwei neue Saprolegnieen. Bot. Ztg. 26:502-503.

From Gr. díktyon, net, reticulum + ychóo, to weave, or ycheos, fabric. Sporangia with encysted spores remaining attached, thus retaining sporangial shape. When 418

Ectrogella perforans H. E. Petersen) (syn. Ectrogella licmophorae Scherff.): zoosporangia emerging from the diatomaceous host (Licmophora), x 50; sporangium releasing biflagellate zoospores, x 320.

Labyrinthula Eurychasma Magnus Eurychasmataceae, Inc. sed., Inc. sed., Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Magnus, P. 1905. Über die Gattung, zu der Rhizophydium dicksonii Wright gehört. Hedwigia 44:347-349.

From Gr. eurýs, wide + chásma, opening. Zoospores with wide, short discharge tubes that project from host cells.

Endobiotic parasite of marine algae.

Geolegnia Coker Saprolegniaceae, Saprolegniales, Saprolegniidae, Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Harvey, J. V. 1925. A study of the water molds and pythiums occurring in the soil of Chapel Hill. J. Elisha Mitchell scient. Soc. 41:153.

From Gr. pref. geo- < ge, the earth, as a planet, and soil or land + légnon, légne, edge, fringe, slender filament + L. suf.

-ia, which denotes quality or state of something. Hyphae slender, lacking flagellate cells; spores encysting inside sporangium, liberated by decomposition of sporangial wall, then germinating by a germ tube. Saprobic in soil.

Eurychasma dicksonii (E. P. Wright) Magnus: zoosporangium discharging tubes of zoospores, on thallus of a marine alga, Ectocarpus granulosus, Great Britain, x 500.

Eurychasmidium Sparrow Eurychasmataceae, Inc. sed., Inc. sed., Peronosporea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Sparrow, F. K., Jr. 1936. Biological observations on the marine fungi of Woods Hole waters. Biol. Bull. Mar. biol.

Lab. Woods Hole 70:236-263.

From genus Eurychasma Magnus + L. dim. -idium.

Differs from Eurychasma principally in thallus remaining endobiotic with only tips of zoospore discharge tubes protruding. Endoparasite of marine Rhodophyceae.

Eurychasmidium tumefaciens (Magnus) Sparrow: endobiotic zoosporangium with numerous tubes for discharging zoospores, on thallus of marine red alga, Ceramium, x 250.

Geolegnia intermedia Höhnk: encysted spores inside the sporangium, of this saprolegniaceous saprobic fungus, x 1,700.

Described in Germany.

Hyphochytrium Zopf Hyphochytriaceae, Hyphochytriales, Inc. sed., Hyphochytrea, Inc. sed., Oomycota, Chromista Zopf, W. 1884. Zur Kenntniss der Phycomyceten. I. Zur Morphologie und Biologie der Ancylisteen und Chytridiaceen. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German Nat. Cur. 47:143-236.

From Gr. hyphé, hypha, tissue, spider web + chytrís, pot, receptacle + L. dim. suf. -ium. Sporangia originate from terminal or intercalary swellings of mycelium. Parasitic in freshwater algae, ascocarps of discomycetes, and dead maize stems.

Labyrinthula Cienk.

Labyrinthulaceae, Labyrinthulida, Inc. sed., Labyrinthulea, Inc. sed., Bigyra, Chromista Cienkowski, L. 1867. Über den Bau und die Entwicklung der Labyrinthuleen. Archs. Anat. microsc. 3:274-310.

From Gr. labýrinthos, labyrinth, tortuous path + dim. suf.

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