Mapping city_CAN THO

REFERENCES 1. Trieu.T.Tran, Trung.H.Ng.,Tuan A.Tran (2013). Living with Flooding in the Mekong Delta,Vietnam (8).

2. Ninh, N. H., Trung, V. K., & Niem, N. X. (2007). Flooding in Mekong River Delta, Viet Nam. UNDP, Hanoi 3.Keskinen, M. (2009). Water and Climate Change in the Lower Mekong Basin: Diagnosis & Recommendations for Adaptation: Helsinki University of Technology, Water and Development Research Group.

4. Huong, H., & Pathirana, A. (2013). Urbanization and climate change impacts on future urban flooding in Can Tho city, Vietnam. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci, 17, 379-394.

Mille F., Hoanh, C. T., & Molle, F. (2009). The Delta machine: water management 5. Biggs, D., Miller, in the Vietnamese Mekong delta in historical and contemporary perspectives. Contested waterscapes in the Mekong region: Hydropower, livelihoods and governance, 203-225.

Before Flooding

During Flooding Before Flooding

During Flooding

CAN THO CITY

Before Flooding

Before Flooding

During Flooding

During Flooding

Before Flooding

Before Flooding

During Flooding

During Flooding

Mapping City Can Tho City Flooding is an urgent issue in the Mekong Delta, the largest agricultural area of Vietnam. While flooding completely destroyed the Mekong Delta is one sided.

This natural and social phenomenon has been accepted by residents during the settlement and evolution of this area. From passively living with flood, people increasingly understand more about the flood, and are able to gradually minimise the harmful impacts as well as optimise the benefits from floods. In this assignment we would like to analysis the reason why and how Flooding become a giant issue in this area.

The development of the Cai Rang area flourished during this period with habitation and trade activities both on land and on water. The increase of settlement demand stretched the land plots and dramatically expanded plot density, particularly in waterfront areas.

Flooding in the Mekong Delta is considered to be a more serious issue under climate change impacts. Climate change, which now has become one of the most significant socio–economic and environmental worldwide problems, is examined as the potential factor to extend flooding risks through sea levels rises (30%), heavy rainfall (10%) and river flows changing (60%). The flooding season in the Mekong Delta and its inundation time occurs over five months starting from July to November which is claimed as the causes of negative effects on economic development, infrastructure and locals’ livelihoods.

The relationship between those typologies and water is not as strong as it was in the past when most of the major housing spaces such as living room and shop were faced the river. In recent times, water-oriented spaces are transforming from main spaces to auxiliary spaces such as kitchen, toilet, workshop, or store that are placed in on-water part of house. Half-stilt-house occupants now use motorbikes instead of boats to travel and carry out their businesses and activities. However, outsiders can still approach those clusters in two ways: from the river and from the road.

The Mekong River is a trans-boundary river in Southeast Asia, Its estimated length is 4,350 km, and begin from northern of China the river runs through Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. In southern of Vietnam, it splits to 9 small mouths.

This section provides the understanding of indoor circumstances of housing types during the flooding season through an investigation the floor plan and rising water level in five housing types. Floor plan and section drawings show precisely the same spaces and functions before and during flooding. There nothing changes in the floor plan of the boat-house and floating-house as they float on the surface of water. The only issue that arises from flooding for the floating-house is the submergence of footbridge which interrupts the access from land to house.

We select Can tho city because, this is capital city, and the most popular trading in this agriculture area. It’s known for its network of canals and nearby floating markets. It has water-related identities, flooding, as well as the existing of unique Deltaic waterfront communities. Can Tho there is a high density of water networks and with four major waterways including the Hau River, Can Tho River, Thot Not canal, and O Mon canal.

Urbanization progressed mainly in the north-western and partially in south-western direction, which along Hau River. Cai Rang River and Canals.

Therefore the water system of city increasing by many years, because the canals created by flooding and residents built them to reduce water level of flood.

Cai rang is the most popular of flooding market, which has main trading of Can tho city with other provinces. Prior to 1945, the floating market has not been formed. Communities on both riverside were sparsely formed. During America’s occupation of South Vietnam (1945-1975) some area destroyed by bomb. In 1975 marked the end of the Vietnam War, The Cai Rang population swelled due to the locals ‘return and immigration of people from other provinces.

The Cai Rang waterfront area was divided into three small communities - Northbank community, Southbank community, and Floating-market community. The analysis focus on understand typologies housing of Cai Rang area.

These communities varied widely in their urban form representing historical and geographical factors of the site and society. The form of each waterfront community developed under the influence of social and physical factors. The river has been the most significant influence of the waterfront site. During the long period of evolution, the waterfront community in Cai Rang district has acquired the unique layouts with fine-grain patterns in both two waterfront communities and the floating market community.

Local residents regularly combine living demands and trading purposes in their houses, some of them add more particular functions such as workshop, stock, or room for rent. Most of trading spaces face the road. , Only water-related shops and workshops such as boat shop, boat workshops or showrooms are turned on the river.

MEKONG RIVER MAP

REFERENCES 1.German Remote Sensing Data Center, DFD, German Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 Wessling, Germany 2 Center for Earth Observation & Digital Earth (CEODE), Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100094, China Received: 20 November 2012 / Revised: 1 February 2013 / Accepted: 1 February 2013 / Published: 5 February 2013 3. A Dam Rush on the Mekong?, World Rivers Review, June 2007, Received https://www.internationalrivers.org/resources/map-a-dam-rush-on-the-mekong-4035

CAN THO PROVINCE

BOUNDARY OF PROVINCE RIVER, CANALS BOUNDARY OF DISTRICT FLOATING MARKET AREAS SOURCES: 1. The Department of Construction of Can Tho City, 2013.

2 canthopromotion.vn 3 Vietnam Statistical Office 4 World Bank (2013c) 5 cantho.gov.vn 6 Can Tho City CPC (2014) 7 NIURP (2007) 8 cantho.gov.vn 9 Can Tho City CPC (2010)

1972

1989

1997

2002

2007

2012

URBAN EXPANSION OF CAN THO CITY REFERENCES 1. T. Pham, V. Raghavan,N.J.Pawar; Urban expension of Can Tho city, Vietnam: A study based on multitemporal satellite images (155-156); Retrieved on 23 April 2016.

km

1972

1989

1997

2002

2007

2012

REFERENCES 1. T. Pham, V. Raghavan,N.J.Pawar; Urban expension of Can Tho city, Vietnam: A study based on multitemporal satellite images (155-156); Retrieved on 23 April 2016.

2. Neumann, L., Nguyen, M., Moglia, M., Cook, S., & Lipkin, F. (2011). Urban Water Systems in Can Tho, Vietnam: Understanding the current context for climate change adaption.

WATERSCAPE EXPANSION OF CAN THO CITY km

1972

1989

1997

2000

2007

2012

REFERENCES 1. Trieu.T.Tran, Trung.H.Ng.,Tuan A.Tran (2013). Living with Flooding in the Mekong Delta,Vietnam (10-11).

2. Mai Thy, P.T., V. Raghavan, and N.J. Pawar. 2010. “Urban Expansion Of Can Tho City, Vietnam: A Study Based On Multi-Temporal Satellite Images”. Geoinformatics. Vol.21(3), 147160 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/geoinformatics/21/3/21_3_147/_article

FLOODING TIMELINE OF CAN THO CITY

LOW FLOODING: 0.51 - 1.00m MED FLOODING: 1.01 - 1.50m HIGH FLOODING: 1.51 - 2.00m

km

Before 1945

1945 - 1975

1975 - 1991

1990 - Present

REFERENCES OSA (2010). (Research Group Urbanism and Architecture, Belgium).

Final report: Can Tho masterplan revison 2030 (Vol. 1). Can Tho.

URBAN EXPANSION OF CAI RANG WATERFRONT km

Before 1945

1945 - 1975

1975 - 1991

1990 - Present

REFERENCES OSA (2010). (Research Group Urbanism and Architecture, Belgium).

Final report: Can Tho masterplan revison 2030 (Vol. 1). Can Tho.

URBAN EXPANSION OF CAI RANG WATERFRONT km

THE PHYSICAL PATTERN OF MOBILITY AND RELATIONSHIP OF TRANSPORT

REFERENCES 1. OSA (2010). (Research Group Urbanism and Architecture, Belgium).

Final report: Can Tho masterplan revison 2030 (Vol. 1). Can Tho. 2. Can Tho Travel Guide, Retrieved http://wikitravel.org/en/Can_Tho

REFERENCES 1. Trieu.T.Tran, Trung.H.Ng.,Tuan A.Tran (2013). Living with Flooding in the Mekong Delta,Vietnam (8).

2. Ninh, N. H., Trung, V. K., & Niem, N. X. (2007). Flooding in Mekong River Delta, Viet Nam. UNDP, Hanoi 3.Keskinen, M. (2009). Water and Climate Change in the Lower Mekong Basin: Diagnosis & Recommendations for Adaptation: Helsinki University of Technology, Water and Development Research Group.

4. Huong, H., & Pathirana, A. (2013). Urbanization and climate change impacts on future urban flooding in Can Tho city, Vietnam. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci, 17, 379-394.

Mille F., Hoanh, C. T., & Molle, F. (2009). The Delta machine: water management 5. Biggs, D., Miller, in the Vietnamese Mekong delta in historical and contemporary perspectives. Contested waterscapes in the Mekong region: Hydropower, livelihoods and governance, 203-225.

Before Flooding

During Flooding Before Flooding

During Flooding

CAN THO CITY

Before Flooding

Before Flooding

During Flooding

During Flooding

Before Flooding

Before Flooding

During Flooding

During Flooding

SECTION AA - VOLUME OF NORTHBANK COMMUNITY

SECTION BB - VOLUME OF SOUTHBANK COMMUNITY SECTION PROGRAM OF SOUTH AND NORTH COMMUNITY BEFORE FLOODING

SECTION AA - VOLUME OF NORTHBANK COMMUNITY

SECTION BB - VOLUME OF SOUTHBANK COMMUNITY

SECTION PROGRAM OF SOUTH AND NORTH COMMUNITY DURING FLOODING