-............Bb!COKOH CTOI1MOCTblO, ,u,e<P11UHTHOCTblO 11 HI13KOH IIOJieBOH BCXO)I(eeThlO ceM~HOK (IIJIO,U,OB) 3XI1Hau;e11, 11MeJOIUI1Xe~ B p03HI1YHOH npo,Ua)l(e. Bee 3TO o6yenasn11saeT Heo6xo)li1MOeTh 11eene)losaHI1~ oeo6eHHOeTei1 eeMeHtiOH npo,u,yKTI1BHOeTH paCTeHI1H B perHOHe 11 l1011eKa MeTO,UOB yseJilf'IeHI1~ BeXO)I(eeTI1 eeM~HOK, yeTOHYI1BOfO 11X fiOJiyYeHI1~ OT paeTeHI1H MeeTHOH HHTpO!lYKU11H. yiJyqeHa H3MeHYHBOeTb MOp<t>oMeTp11qeeKI1X rrapaMeTpOB eeMHHOK MeeTHOM penpo!lyKUHI1, noJiyYeHHhiX e TpexneTHI1X paeTeHI1H, oueHeHo BJI~HI1e Ha HX rrpopaeTaHHe CK3p11<l>11KaUHH, eTpaTn<t>nKaU11H; CTUMYJl~TOpOB poeTa: :muH!:, rerei)oayKS:UHa, ryMaTa 11 yeJIOBHll rrpopalll,I1BaHH~: TeMrrepaTyphl, oeseIUeHHOeTI1, Kl1eJIOTHOeTI1 cpe,Uhl. CKapH<l>HKau~ ceM~HOK rrposo.nnJiaeb spy<JHYIO Ha rpy6oi1 H3)1(,ll,aYHOli 6yMare. CTpaTH<l>HKau~ rrpe.nsapmeJihHO ysJI3)1(HeHHhiX 11 BhiJIO)I(eHHhiX Ha BJia)I(HYIO <l>HJibTpOBaJibHYIO 6yMary B YalliKH TierpH rrpOBO,UHJiaeb B TeYeHHe 7 .nHei1 rrp11 TeMrrepm·ype 2°C. vbyYeHHe BJIU~HI1~ eTI1MYJI~TOpOB pocTa npOBO,ll,HJIOeb nyreM 3aMaYHBaHH~ ceM~HOK B BO,ll,Hh!X paeTBOpaX COOTBeTCTBYIOIUHX BeJUeCTB B KOHUeHTpal(lf~X, peKOMeH,ll,OBaHHhiX rrp0113BO,ll,HTeJI~MH, 11 yBeJIHYeHHhiX B 2 pa3a: reTepoayKCllH -- 0,046 r/1 11 11 0,092 r/I n; ryMaT -- 1 r/1 n 11 2 r/1 n; 3III1H ~ I MJI/4 11 11 1 Mn/2 JI, KOHTpOJih ~ ,ll,HCTHJinposaHH~ so.na. BpeM~ 3aMa'IHBaHI1~ ceM~HOK cocTaBJI~Jio oT I qaca .no I cyroK.
,[(Jill OUeHKl1 BJIM~HID! Ha BCXO)I(eCTh ceM~HOK TeMrrepaTypHOfO pe)I(HMa rrpOBO,ll,HJIOCh lfX rrpopaJUHBaHHe B pynoHax rrpH TeMnepaType 15 l1 23 °C. yJ3yqeHHe BJI~HI1~ KHCJIOTHOCTH cpe,ll,hl BeJIOCh B pyJIOHaX B rpa.nMeHTe OT CHJib-
EroUJJ1Ha T. Jl., floMenosa E. B., Po,aun1Ha A. Bcepocc~~CK~~ HBYYHO-~CCfl8AOBBT€flbCK~R ~HCT~TYT OXOTH~Ybero
H.'~
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~ sseposoACTBa ~M. npo¢.6. ~~TKosa, Pocc~R. r. K~pos, yn. 3Hrenbca, 79, 610000 8RTCKBR rOCYA3PCTB8HH3R C8flbCKOX03R~CTB8HH3R 3K3A8M~R, Pocc~R. r. K~pos, 0KTR6pbCK~~ np-T, 132, 610017
Bn~~H~E YCROB~~ nPOPA~~BAH~~ HA BCXO~ECTb CEM~HOK 3X~HAUE~ nYPnYPHO~
(ECHINACEA PURPUREA (L.) MOENCH) B HaCTO~JUee speM~ 3XI1Haue~ rrypnypH~ (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) ~BJJ~erc~ O,ll,HI1M 113 norryn~pHeHlliHX neKapCTBeHHhiX pacTeHI1M HMMyHoMo.nyn11pyiOill,ero 11 npoTMsosocrraJII1TenhHOro ,u,ei1CTB~ s Pocc1111 (!, 3, 8). 0Ha KYJJhTHBHpyerc~ s uenoM p~.ne peri10HOB PoccHH 11 CTpaH CHf (2, 4, 7), pacrroJJO)I(eHHhiX, KaK npammo, B 6onee 6.11aronp~THhiX KJU1MaTHYeCKHX ycnoBH~x, qeM Kn:poscK~ o6nacTb. B 3TOH )J{e o6nacTH OTMeqaeTc~ BhiCOKHH HH1·epec K ee Bh!paiUHBaHMIO, KaK cpe,ll,H Caj],OBO,ll,OB-JII06HTeJiell, TaK 11 CIIel~Ha JUIC'TOB cen&cKoro xo3~HCTBa. Maccosoe B03)leJibiB3HHe BHJJ,a orpaHwmsaercll
40
HOKI1CJIOH ,ll,O cna60KHCJI0ll (pH OT 4,0 ,ll,O 6,0). J-hyqeHO npopacTaHHe ceM~HOK B pynoHaX B ycJIOBM~X IIOJIHOrO 33'feMHeH~ (TepMOCTaT 6e3 OCBeJUeH~) 11 qacTWIHoro ( ocsemeHI1e niOMI1HecueHTHhiMH naMnaMI1 B Teqemie 8 qac. s cyTKI1, ypoBeHh OCBelll,eHHOCTM 250 JIIOKC). Bee sapH3HTbl OIIhiTOB 11 KOHTpOJlb rrpOBO,ll,HJII1Cb B 3 ~ 6 IIOBTOpHOCT~X no
J00
CeM~HOK B Ka)J{,ll,Oll.
B ycrros11~x IO)I(HOTae)J{HOli nomoHhi K11poscKoi1 o6rracTI1 3XI1Haue~ nypnypH~ e)l(ero.nHo usereT 11 3aB~3hiBaeT IIJIO,ll,hi-ceM~HKI1. Ho OHI1 Bh13pesaiOT
JIMlllh B ro.nhi c ,ll,JII1HHOH Terrrroi1 oceHhiO (5). Macca 11 JII1Hei1Hhie pa3Mephi ceM~HOK .nosonhHO cTa611JihHhi. Cpe.niDill Macca 1000 ceM~HOK TpexnerHI1X pacTeHI1H KOJie6JieTC~ OT 2,7 ± 0,24 ,ll,O 3,1 ± 0,25 r, ,ll,JIHHa ~ OT 3,96 ± 0,22 ,ll,O 4,30 ± 0,24 MM, lll11pHHa ~ 1, 76 ± 0, I4 ~ 2,49 ± 0,21 MM. JTO 6JII13KO K M11HI1MaJibHh!M 3HaYeHH~M, OTMeYeHHh!M ,ll,JI~ paCTeHI1ll, BbipaJUI1BaeMh!M B flecoCTeiiM YKpaHHhi (9). Pmrrwm~ B Macce H pa3Mepax ceM~HOK, sepo~THO, MO)I(HO o6o~CHI1Th pa1JIHYHb!MI1 MeTeOpOJIOfi1YeCKI1Mlf ycJIOB~M11 sereTaUHOHHOI'O rrep110,ll,3. Ha11MeHhllla~ Macca M JII1HeilHhie pa3Mephi ceM~HOK OTMeYeHhi B ycnos11~x H3-
Ex libris: ТРАВЫ ЖИЗНИ. http://medherbarium.blogspot.com
41
------6hiTO'IHO BJia:lKHbiX, HO He)lOCTaTO'fHO TeruibiX DOfO)lHbiX ycJIOBHH aBrycra 11
CeHT~6p~.
YhMCHCHHC KHCJIOTHOCTH CpC.LJ.bl HC I1p11BO)lHJIO K 3Ha'IHTeJihHOMY H3MCHCHHIO BCXO)KeCTH CeMHHOK. B 3KCI1epHMCHTe OTMe'ICHO JI11lllh HC3Ha•IHTCJih-
Jfa6oparopHllil BCXO)!(eCTb CeM~HOK B pa3Hble J'O)lbl DpH npopalUHI:IdHI111 8 eCTCCTBeHHbiX yCJIOBI1~X KOJie6JICTCH OT 23
o/o
%.
)lO 73
0oJieBaH BCXO)!(eCTb
HOe yMeHhlliCHHe BCXO)!(CCTH CeM~HOK npH CHH)!(CHI1H ypoBHH KHCJIOTHOCTU cpC.LJ.hl OT 70,3
±
3,18 npH pH 4,0 )lO 67,0
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CeMHHOK npH BeCeHHeM ITOCeBe Ha rny6HHY 1,5 CM KOJie6aJiaCb OT 23,6 )lO
J13Y'fCHHhlC CTHMYJIHTOphl poc"Ta He OKa3aJIH cymeCTBeHHOfO BJIHHHHH Ua
43,8 %, 'ITO 6JIH3KO K OTMe'!eHHOH )lJIH Jlpymx perHOHOB (6). HH3KaH ITOJieBaH
pa3BHTHe npopocTKa. BhiHBJieno JIHillh nono~HTcJibHOe B.ITHHHI1e rerepoayKCI1-
BCXO)!(eCTb CeMHHOK, BepO»THO, o6bHCHHeTCH pa31111'IHHMH B o6ecne'ICHHOCTI1
ua B )l03e 0,092 r/11. ~a KOp_e!!J.l{~ ITO;rl, BJIHHHHeM CTHMYJIHIOJ!.OB poc:ra OKa-
ITOCCBOB BJiafOH, 'ITO OTMe'IaKlT MH0fl1e HCCJie)lOBaTeJIH (9).
3~h ~__!>IIllC KOHTpOJlhHOll BO BCCX BapuaHTax OIThiTa, KpOMe rerepoayKCI1Ha B
CrpaTHQ:>11KaQmi CeMHHOK nepe)l npopalli.I1BaUHeM He OKa3aJia BJI11HHl1H Ha I1X BCXO)!(eCTb. 0Ha OKa3aJiaCb 6JII13KOll K KOHTp01110 H COCTaBUJia 70,6
70,3
± 2,60 11
± 2,60 % COOTBeTCTBCHHO. CKap11Q:>uKal(H~ ceMHHOK Bbi3BaJia CHH)!(eHI1C ± 7,57 %). Bepo~THO, TaKOe pe3KOe CHH)!(CHYIC
;TJ,03e 0,046 r/n(Ia6n. 3). · - -QTMeq-~ua m6eJih CeMSIHOK npH HX 3aMaqHBaHHH B Tc'IeHHC 2 qacoB B BO;rl,HOM paCTBOpe 311HHa B KOHUeHTpaUHH 0,05 %.
3. BJIHHHHe CTHMYJIHTopos pocTa ua pa3Meph1 npopocTKa
11X BCXO)!(eCTH B 2 pa3a (33,0
BCXO)!(eCTH
npH
CKapuQ:>uKaUHU
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06b~CHHTb
uapymeHHCM
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cpocruei1c~ C OKOJIOilliO)lHHKOM CCMCHHOH KO)!(ypbi.
u KopemKa 3xuua~eu nypnypuou
CTI1MYJIRT0p
CeM~HOK. HaHJIY'IIlla~ 11X BCXO)!(eCTb OTMClfCHa 11p11 HX npoparuuBaHI111 B pac-
'IeCTBa
CCM~HOK
I).
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B pyJIOHax HCKOTOpOe CHH)!(eUHe BCXO)!(CCTH KOMf!eHCHpyeTCH
6onee paU110HaJibHbiM 11CfiOJib30BaHHCM illiOilla)lH pa60'II1X ITOMelli.CHHH.
KoHTponb
ua Jia6opaTopu~cxo~:::ec::cT::.-h=-----
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TeMrrepaTypuhri1 pe)KuM npopamHsauu~ HMeer 3Ha'IHTCJihHOe BJIH~HHe na BCXO)!(CCTb CCMHHOK. fiQ!'I HXnpopaiUHBaHHH npu TCMI1cparype l5°C. na6QpaTOpHllil BCXO)KCCTb
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ua JJa6~aT_QpHJ'IO ucxo~ecTb ceMHHOK nuuaueu nypJ!Yj)_HOH (.'Yo l --·---r---------·-·--· -- - - - - ,
,-------
1--~-rro_~~-n-po~am~~~-"~~=--~----23o~--~:M_n_e_pf_l)_~-~-o-_1_5'i=___- __-_-_~-j
L__ -~_'!_<llllKa~!I_~!.P_fl
_ _____ j___
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B JIHTepaType )lO CHX HOp HeT C)lHHOfO MHCHHH B OTHOlliCHHH B03)lCHCTBHH OCBC!lleHHOCTH Ua npopacTaHHC CCMHHOK 3XHHaUeH nypnypHOH (9). B HalliCM 3KC11CpHMCHTC HX BCXO)!(CCTb I1p11 IlOJIHOM 3aTeMHCHHH 6biJia I10'ITI1 B 2,5 pa3a HI1)Ke, 'ICM Ha CBCTY (23,0
42
o/o
H 62
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r/1 n; r/1 11;
1 C)'TKH
3,82 ± 0,35
8,76 ± 0,1
1 CYTKH
3,74 ± 0,28--1--_§_,87 ± 0,~ 7,14 ± 0, 3,31 ± 0,26
2
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1 MJII~ n; 2 qaca 1 Mn/2
3rrHH a_yKCHH a KCHH
*-
n; 2 qaca
11; r/1 n;
0,046rll 0,092
1 qac 1 qac
-*
-* 2,07 ± 0,29
-r-4,19±
o:
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4,32 ± 0,27
~
~~
~--~
I
-J __j
ecxodbz omcymcmeaJlu.
npoBc)leHHhie 3KCnepHMCHTbi IT03BOJIHJIH BbUIBHTb CJie;rJ.yrolll.ee. 3XHHaUCH nypnypHaH B ycnoBHHX KuposcKoif o6naCTH Q:>opMupyer ITJIO.ll.hi-ceMSIHKH, BCXO)l(eCTh H MOpQ:>oMe-rpH'IeCKHe rrapaMC'fPbl KOTOpbiX 6JIH3KH K TaKOBbiM B .LJ.pymx pemonax PoccHH. Hx BCXO)!(CCTh ynenu'IHBaercx AO 77,0% npH rrpopamuBaHHH B ycJIOBHHX '!aCTH'IHOH OCBC!llCHHOCTH H ITOBbiilleHHH TeMnepaTyphi npopalli.HBaHHH ;rl,O 23°C. 0pH npe.LJ.IIOCeBHOM o6pa60TKC CCMSIHOK 3XHHaQeH BO;rl,HhiM paCTBOpOM rerepoayKCHHa B Jl03c 0,092 r/1 11 B reqeuue 1 qaca OTMc'IaiOTC~ MaKCHMaJihHhie MOpQ:>OMCTpH'ICCKI1e I10Ka3aTCJIH pa3BHT11H npopOCTKOB.
2. BJIHHHHe TeMneparyphi npopamuuauuH
L-----~noHax
f-------5,10 ± 0,•
fyMaT
_ -~_]
--------57,3 :J:_~Q}~-·------ ____l ___ ___ _ -----~--_1~z_5_3_UQ_ ______ _
MM 3,60 ± 0,24
BaH HaS!
·-------
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1. BJIHHHHC CITOC06a npopaiUHB3HHH CCMHHOK 3XHH3l(CH nypnypHOU
\.[VIHHa npopocToKa, ,[LnHHa KOpelll
-f_':IH~aHHSI C~MHH_~t-BO)la )lHCTHJIHpO-
Cnoco6 npopamunauH~ ue oKa3asi cymecrseHHoro smumHH Ha BCXO)!(eCTh
THJibH~X 11 '!a!llKax nerp11 (Ta6JI.
I ,n03a, speMH 3aMa-
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Iiu6JiuorpaclmH 1. AuyQ:>pHeBa r. r. fleqe6HbiC CBOMCTBa paCTCHHM. - KHpOB, 2001.- 512 c. 2. Ea6aesa E. B., KJIHMaxHH r.
11.
nHOJIOruqeCKHC oco6eHHOCTH pa3BHTHSI
3XHuaueH nypnypnoi1 B ycnoBHHX MocKoBcKoi1 o6nacTH
II Tp. I
Bcepoc. KOHQ:>.
ITO 6oTaHI1'IeCKOMY pecypcoBe)lcHHIO.- C06., 1996.- C. 132- 133. 3. DJIHHOBa
K.
<l>., .HKOBJieB r. n. <l>apMaKOrHOCTli'ICCKHH CJIOBaph.- M., 1990.
-242 c. 4. rnyxoB A. B., KyrreHI<O H. n., )J(ypaBCJib T. A. nHOJIOrH'IeCKHe oco6eHHO-
(L.)
Moench B py.LJ.epaJThHOM coo6mecrse ua IOro-
Ex libris: ТРАВЫ ЖИЗНИ. http://medherbarium.blogspot.com
43
COOTBeTCTBCHHO).
CTH Echinacea purpurea
socToKe YKpaMHhi /1 BicH. l1oman. JICp)K. ciJihCbKOrocno.aap. iH-Ty. - 2002 N!! 1.-39- 40. 5. ErolliMHa T. JL T1oMeJIOB A. B. MeTOJIH'-!CCKHe peKoMeH.naumi no BU'3Jt<:JibiBamno JICKapcr8eHHbiX pacreHHH 8 BoJiro-B.SITCKOM pemoHe.- Krrpon, 2003. -
162 c. 6. CaMopoJJ,08.
r.
B. H., flocrreJJ08 c. B., f1HChMaK 11. Oco6eHHOCTI1 JlaTCHTHOfO rrepHo):(a HCKOTOphiX 811)1,08 poJJ,a Echinacea Moench II Dpo6JieMH JiiKapchKOro pocJUIHHHUT8a: Te3. JIOKJI. Mi:l!map. HayK.-rrpaKT. KoutlJ. 3 HaroJ(H 80-pi'I'I.Sl lH-TY J1iKapchKl1X pocJIHH YAAH.- floma8a, 1996.- C. 93- 95. 7. CaMopoJJ,08 B. H., DocneJl08 C. B. 3xrrHaue.SI 8 YKparrHe: noJiy8eKoBoH orrbiT HHTPOAYKUMH H 803JJ,CJibiBaHI1.Sl.- Ilomasa: BepcrKa, 1999.- 52 c. 8. CaMopoJJ,OB. B. H., flocneJI08 C. B. 3xrrHaue.SI Ha py6e)Ke XXI 8eKa: npo6JieMhi, TCH)J,CHUHH, nepcneKTHBhl (Do MaTep. Me)[()l.yHapOLI,HOH KOHtlJepeHL(I111 8 KaHJac-CHTH, ClllA) // BicH. Iloman. JJ,ep)K. ciJihChKorocno.aap. iH-Ty. --
2000 - N2 3. - C. 90 - 97. 9. CaMopoJJ,OB B. H., I1ocneno8 C. B. BllLl,bi poJJ,a 3XImaue.SI (Echinacea Moench) 8 arpo<PmoueHo3ax necocrerr11 YKpaHHhi: JJ,ecJ~THJieTHHe HTOfH HHTpoAYKUHM, nJy'IeHMJI 6HonomH 11 803JJ,CJlbiBaHHJI //TaM )KC. - 2001 - .N!! 4. - C.
48-58.
Ex libris: ТРАВЫ ЖИЗНИ. http://medherbarium.blogspot.com