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%.
Dp11 TaKoM cnoco6e pa3MHO:>KCHJ1jl, pacTeHHK useTyT H nno.noHOCHT B nepBbiH
5o,4pyr M. B.
ro,n :>KU3Hl1. HaMM 6bJJJl1 H3YlJCHbl ,ABa cpoKa llOCeBa CeMHHOK B none: flO,A3HM-
Meg~~~HCK~~
M¢apMa~eBT~YecK~~ rocyH~aepc~TeT ~M. H~Konae TecTeM~~aHy, Ka¢egpa ¢apMaKorH03~~ ~ ¢apMa~eBT~YeCKO~ 6oTaH~K~. Mongoaa, r. K~w~HeB, yn. Man~Ha M~Ka, 66, 2025,
lfHH (KOHCU HOSI6pH) 11 BCCCHHMH (cepe,nMHa MapTa). BeCCHHHe flOCCBbl B ycJIOBMHX MoJI,llOBbl H3-3a HC,AOCT3TKa nO'IBeHHOH l1 B03.AYlllHOH BJiarH He ,naiOT O:>Kll,naeMbiX pe3yJihTaTOB. CeMHHKH npopaCTaJOT He.npy:>KHO, BCXO)J.bi pa3BHBa-
~HTPOAYKU~~ ~ nEPB~4H~
KYnbTYPA
3X~HAUE~
JOTCH Me.nneHHO u 6brcTpo 3amYlllaiOTC» copH»KaMu. Hauny'llllHM cpoKoM no-
nYPnYPHO~ - ECHINACEA PURPUREA (L.) MOENCH
cesa 3XHHaneH nypnypHOH s Mon)J.ose oKa3aJICH no,n3IIMHIIH. B Te'leHHe 3IIMbi
B MOnAOBE
CeMHHKll I1pOXO,A»T eCTeCTBeHHYIO CTpaTu<iJHK3UHIO, HaKaTIJIHBaiOT He06XO,AH-
Po)]. Echinacea Moench. BKmoqaeT 9 BH)J.OB, pacnpocTpaHeHHhiX B npHpo)J.HOH
<Pnope
MyiO BJiary l1 ,AaJOT BeCHOH ,npy:>KHbie BCXO,Abl.
B Cpe)J.Heif H BocTO'IHOfi qacnrx CesepHoif AMepHKH H npHaT-
fJiy6uHa 3a,neJIKH CeMHHOK- 1,5 -- 2,0 CM; lllHpHHa Me:>K,nypH,AHH- 60 CM.
JiaHTH'IeCKHX perHoHax MeKCHKH ( 4 ). Ha116onee IJ,eHHhiMH c ne'le6Hoif TO'IKH
HopMa Bbrcesa-
3peHHH }IBAAJOTCSI TPH BH)J,a :noro po.na: 3XHHaiJ,e}l nypnypHM (Echinacea purpurea
(L.)
Moench.), 3XHHaQeSI
6ne)J.HM
(E.pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.) 11 3XHHaueSI
10 Kr/ra npH Jia6opaTopHoi1 scxo:>KeCTH 70 -
C CO,nep:>KaHHCM ryMyca 2,5 - 3,0
Y3KOJIHCTHM (E.angustifolia DC.), KOTOphre KYJihTHBHPYJOTC}l so MHomx cTpaHax Esponhr, A3HH H AMepHKH
8-
72 %.
PacTeHH» 3XHHaQeu Ha qepno3eMHhiX, JJ:OCTaTOlJHO ysJia:>KHeHHbiX noqsax
o/o
,AaJOT XOpOlllHe ypo:>KaH K3K H3,n3eMHbiX,
TaK u nomeMHbiX opraHOB. DoJJ;roTOBKa no<IBbi He OTJIH<IaeTC}l oT TaKosoii ,nJI»
(3).
.npymx TpaBHHHCTbiX KYJibTYP- O.nHaKo, cne.nyeT yquThiBaTb, lJTO OCHOBHOH
Jle'le6Hbie CBOHCTB3 paCTeHHH 3XHH31J,CH o6ycJIOBJICHbi CO)J,ep:a<aHHeM B
opraH, l1CflOJih3yeMbiH B Jie<Ie6HbiX IJ,eJIHX, - KOpHeBHIUa C KOpHHMH, ll03TOMY
HX Ha)J.3eMHbiX H flO,A3CMHbiX opraHaX IJ,CJIOro p}l)J,3 6HOJIOrH'ICCKH 3KTHBHhiX
BCTialllKY CJie,llyeT npOBO)J,I1Th B Haqane CeHTH6pH Ha my6uny 25 - 30 CM. De-
BeiUCCTB -- 3<lJHpHbiX MaCeJI : B COUBCTH}IX- 0,15
%,
B JIHCThHX H CTe6JIHX-
peJJ: nocesoM Heo6xo,nHMhi KYJibTHBaiJ,H» II 6opoHosanue. DocJie noHBJieHHH
a TaK:>Ke flOJIHCaxapH,AOB, rJIJOK03bi, KCHJI03hi, MaH-
BCXOJJ:OB 3Xl1H3IJ,eH BHalJaJie pa3BIIB3CTCH TOJlbKO O,AHH JIHCT. JTO .lVIHTC}l OT 20
H03hi, paMH03bi, <PPYKT03hi, caxapo3hi, HHYJIHHa, neKTHHa, KpaxMana, npoH3-
)],0 22 ,AHCH. MoJIO,AhiC paCTeHH» paCTYT OlJCHb MeJJ;JICHHO l1 He B COCTOHHIIII
0,05
%,
B KOpH}IX- 0,20
%,
BO)J,HhiX KO<IJCHHOH KllCJIOThi, opraHlllJCCKHX KHCJIOT, <IJnaBOHOH)J,OB, )J.y6HJih-
KOHKypiiposaTh c copH»KaMH. Do3TOMY 6opb6a c copH»KaMH B 3TOT nepHO.ll -
HhiX BCIUCCTB, aJIKaJIOH.[(OB, canOHHHOB, TIOJIMHOB, MHKp03JICMCHTOB H )J.p. (3 -
OCHOBHOH arpOTCXHIIlJeCKHH npHeM. C KOHIJ,a HIOHH npOIJ,eCChl pOCTa H pa3Bl1-
4).
Tl1H na.uJeMHhrx opranos IIHTeHcii<iJHQHpyroTcSI. B Enaro)J.ap}l 6oraToMy H pa3Hoo6pa3HOMY co)J,ep:>KarmJO 6Honom'leCKH aK-
nepuoJJ;a
THBHhiX BCIUCCTB, BH,llbl 3XHH3IJ,CH, ll B lJ3CTHOCTH 3XHH31J,CH nypnypHM, o6Jia-
(IV - X)
Heo6XOJJ:HMhi 2 -
Te<IeHue serCTaiJ,HOHHoro
3 pyqubre nponoJIKH B pH,llKax H 2 -
3
KYJihTHB3UHl1 B Me:>KJJ:YPHJJ:hHX.
B
,naJOT pH)J.OM IJ,CHHhiX, yHHKaJibHhiX IJ,ene6HbiX csoifCTB, HanpnMep, BhiCOKHMM
nepBhiH ro)J, serCTaQHII pacTeHJ1jl 3XHHaQeu o6pa3yiOT TOJihKO po3CTKy,
6aKTepHUI1)J.HhiMH csoficTBaMM. l13secTHbi 6onee 70 npenapaToB, co)J,ep:>KaiiJ,HX
COCTO»IUYIO H3 5 -. 7 JlllCTbeB, KOTOph!C OTMHp3IOT C HaCTyilJieHHeM 0TpHI.l,3-
3Xl1HaiJ,CJO, npHMCHHCMbiX K3K npon!BOBOCflaJIHTCJihHbie l1 3HTH63KTCpl1aJib-
TCJibHbiX TeMnepaTyp (KoHeu OKTH6p»). OcTaJOTCH :>KHBhiMH no.uJeMHhre opra-
HhiC cpe)J.CTB3, KaK CTHMYJIHPYIOIUHe l1MMYH11TCT K HH<IJeKIJ,l10HHhiM 3a6oJieBa-
Hhr C IlOlJKaMH B0306HOBJICHH}l, 3aJIO:>KeHHhiMl1 B asryCTe - CeHTSI6pe.
HJ1j{M, flOBbllllaJOIUHMH :>KH3HCHHhlH TOHYC npH <IJH3!1'1CCKOM H YMCTBCHHOM
MnoroJieTHHe oco6H TporaJOTCH B poeT B cepe.nHHe MapTa -- Ha'lane anpe-
B
yToMJieHHH, ycHJIHBaJOIUHMM nei1Ko3, a TaK:>Ke npH ,nHa6CTe, nonHaP'fpMTe,
JIH.
OCTpOM TOH3HJIHTC, KO:>KHblX (3K3eMe, flCOpHa3C), rMHeKOJIOrH'ICCKl1X H ypono-
paCTyT 06JIHCTBeHHhJe CTC6JIH, l.J:HCJIO KOTOpbiX 33BHCHT, B OCHOBHOM, OT 803-
rHlJeCKHX (npocTa'mTe, IJ,HCTHTe) unpyrHx 3a6onesaHHSIX
(1,
pacTa paCTCHHH: 2-JICTHHC paCTCHJ1jl pa3BIIB3JOT 1 CTe6eJih, 3-JICTHHC- 2 -
3).
I_(eHIIOCTb JIC.KapCTBCHHbiX npenapaTOB 113 3XHHaiJ,CH CTaJia OCHOB3HHCM
pa6oThi no ee l13y'leHHJO B Mon.nose nposo,nSITCSI HaMH c 1991 ro)J,a (2).
4,
4-JICTHHC- 5-7. fJiaBHhiH H 60KOBh!C no6em: BCeX nopHJJ:KOB 33KaH'IHBaJOTCH COIJ,BCTHCM. DepBhiMM 33IJ,BCTaJOT COIJ,BCTJ1jl maBHOro rro6era
,nJISI npose.neHJ1jl HHTpo)J.yKQHOHHhiX uccne)J,oBaHHH B Mon.nose y:>Ke ynoMHHyTix paHee Tpex BH)J,OB 3TOrO po,na. qTO KacaeTCSI 3XHHaiJ,CH nypnypHOH, TO
Te<Ienue MaH pa3BHB3JOT Momuyro po3eTKY JIHCTheB, a s Hal.J:ane HIOHSI -
....
(VII),
33TeM oc-
TaJibHhiX. L(BCTeHHe KOp3IIHOK O'ICHb paCTHHyTO l1 33Bl1Cl1T OT paCTIOJIO:>KCHHH na no6erax. TaK, KOp3HHKH, pacnoJio:>KeHHhre Ha no6erax 3 -
4
nop»JJ:KOB, QBe-
TYT B KOHIJ,e CCHTH6pH l1 He JJ:3JOT )J(l13HeCTIOC06HhiX CCM»HOK. C03pCBaiiHe Ce-
Ex libris: ТРАВЫ ЖИЗНИ. http://medherbarium.blogspot.com 18
19
MHHOK Ha maBHOM no6ere 11 no6erax 1-ro 11 2-ro nopx.nKOB OTMeqaercH c cepemm&r asrycTa .no cepe.ni1Hbl ceHTH6pH. Ha 3TI1X no6erax pa3BI1BaeTcH HaH6oJI&IIIee KOJII1qeCTBO CCMHHOK BbiCOKHX OOCCBHbiX KaqeCTB. B cepe.nime OKTH6px, no oKoHqaHHI1 cpa3bi IDIO)J.OHOIIICHI1H, Ha)J,3CMH&Ie OpraHbi OTM11paiOT. 00):{3CMHbie opraHbl 3HMHI1H 0Cp110)J. nepeHOCHT HOpMaJihHO, He BbiMep3aH. Ha6nro.neHI1H, npose.neHHbie HaMH B TeqeHHe pMa ner, noKa3aJII1, •rro pacTeHHH 3XHHaiJ,eH nypnypHOH OTHOCHTCH K qJ1cJiy ycToifqHBhiX K Bpe)J.I1TeJIHM H 6oJie3HHM. l>biDH OTMeqeHbi OC06H, nopa)l(eHHbie HaCTOHII.I,CH MyqmiCTOH poCOH 11 BHpycHOH M03aHKOH, a TaK)I(e KOpHeBOH fHHJlbiO. ,lVIH 6opb6bi C 3THMH 6oJie3HHMH OllTHMH3HpOBaJII1 cpHTOCaHHTapHOe COCTOHHHC OJiaHTaiJ,HH. Y6opKy Ha)J,3eMHbiX opranos 3XHHarxeH nypnypnoif naqaJIH co BToporo fOJ(a )1(113HI1 paCTCHHH B cpa3e HX MaCCOBOfO QBCTeHJ1H. llonyqeHbi CJIC)J.yiOIIJ,He pe3yJihTaTbi: ypO)I(aH cyxHX Ha)J,3eMHhiX opraHOB C 2-.TieTHHX IDiaHTaiJ,HH- 68 -70 u/ra, C 3-JieTHHX- 85-90 u/ra, C 4-JieTHHX- 110- 115 u/ra; ypO)I(aH OO,l(3eMHh!X OpraHOB, C06paHHblX B KOHI.I,C BCfeTaQHOHHhiX nepHOJ(OB 6bm COOTBeTCTBeHHO: 15 - 17, 52 - 55, 70 - 75 u/ra. HaqHHaH c 5-neTHero B03pacTa paCTeHI1H, ypo)l(alf KaK HaJ(3eMHbiX, TaK H 110J(3eMHhiX opraHOB pe3KO IIa)J,aeT. TaK, ypo)l(aH cyxHx Ha)J,3eMHbiX opranos, co6paHHbiH c IDiaHTaiJ,HH 5-JieTHero B03pacTa- 12 ·- 15 u/ra, a no.n3eMHbiX- 7- 8 u/ra. Cne.nosaTeJibHO, IDiaHTaIJ,HH 3XHHaQeH nypnypHOH B ycJIOBI1HX MoJIJ(OBbr IJ,enecoo6pa3Ho 3KCIDiyaTHposaTb He 6onee 4-x neT. llpOBe)J,eHHbiC HCCJieJ(OBaHJ1H 110 HHTpOJ(YKIJ,HH H nepBWIHOH KYJihType 3XHHaQeH nypnypHOH B MOJI)J.OBC yKa3hiBaiOT Ha llOJIHYIO B03MO)I(HOCTb ;!C nepeXOJ(a Ha npOMhiiiiJlCHHYJO OCHOBy.
IJu6JiuorpacfmH 1. AnexHn A. A., KoMHp 3. 3. 11nTpo.nyKU11H BH)J.OB po.na 3XHHaiJ,eH
B 6oTaHHqecKoM ca)J.y XapbKOBcKoro rocyHHBepcwrera II l13yqen11e H 11CI10Jib30BaHHe 3XI1HaJ.(CH. MaTep. Me)l(.nynapo.nH. Hayq, KOHcp. nomaaa, 21 - 24 CCHTH6pH 1998 r.- nomaaa: "BepcTKa", 1998.- C. 7-9. 2. Eo.npyr M. B. Konuyn M. E. Onbrr 11HTpo.nyKUHH 3XHHau.eH s EoTanHqeCKOM ca.ny AH Mon.noBbi II TaM )I(C.- C. 9. 3. CaMOpO)J.OB B. H., nocneJIOB B., MoHceesa <D. H .np. <DHTOXHMHqecKHH cocTaB npe.ncTaBI1Tenei1 po.na 3XHHau,eH (Echinacea Moench.) H ero cpapMaKoJiomqecKHe CBOHCTBa (063op) II X11M.-cpapMaQ. )l(ypHaJI. -- 1996. - T. 30. N2 4.- C. 32 -· 37. 4. XapqenKo A. B., l.Jenoaa JI. B., )KI1Taph E. H., .lJ:eHI1CeHKO 0. H. HeKoTop&le acneKTbi 113yqeHHH 3XHHaiJ,el1 nypnypHoif- Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench., HHTpo.nyiJ,Hposannoil B ycnoBHHX CesepHoro KaBKa3a II l13yqeH11e 11 HCI10Jib30BaHI1e 3XHHaiJ,eH. MaTep. Me)I()J.yHapO)J.H. Hayq, KOHcp. nomasa, 21 - 24 ceHTH6pH 1998 r. - nomasa: "BepcrKa", 1998.- C. 43 - 44.
c.
20
r.
Ex libris: ТРАВЫ ЖИЗНИ. http://medherbarium.blogspot.com