Popular Flying March/April 1974

FROMTHEPFASHOP:

AvailableinKitform.InformationPackage£3.

MEPDEVELOPMENTS THELODGE MARDENHILLFARM NR.HERTFORD,HERTS. Hertford:5936

MEP-WITTMAN`TAILWIND' HighPerformance Twoplace(sidebysideseating).Full'glass house'visibility,60lbbaggage,1,000-1800ft/min: climb,landingspeed43kts.Range500miles. Theaircraftthatout-performsallcomparable types.

Popular Flying

Edited by: ALAN DUNN MIKE GRIGSON JOIINHAFTENDEN

Secretary: JENNIFERPOTHECARY

EditorialAddress: TerminalBuilding, ShorehamAirport, Shoreham-by-Sea, Sussex.BN45FF

Telephone: Shoreham-by-Sea61616

ONWARDS:-

Twenty-eightyearshaveflown sincetheoriginalbandofstalwart enthusiastsformedtheUltraLight AircraftAssociationwhichisnow thePopularFlyingAssociation. TheseFounderMemberssawthe needtoprovideflyingfortheenthusiasticaviatorattherightprice andintherighttypeofmachines. ThedustoftheSecondWorldWar hadscarcelysettledwhentheyset outtoprovetoofficialdomthatan amateurcouldbuildandflyanaeroplanewithsafetyandresponsibility.

Theirtaskwasadifficultone. Facedwithallthepostwarshortages,lackofmaterials,suitable enginesandplans,tosaynothing oftheenormoustaskofconvincing thevariousCivilServantsand Officialsthatitcouldbedoneif theycouldaltertherulestosuitthe case.Theywantedtoputtheman inthestreetintotheairataprice hecouldafford.Theyalsowanted theirownaircraftatapricethey couldaffordandasitdidn'tseem thatanyoneelsewouldprovide thisservice,theydecidedtogeton withthejobthemselvesandthus createdwhatmustbethemost interesting,frustrating,timeconsumingandrewardingbranchofthe Do-it-Yourselfmovement.

pyn

Thrigir

founded1946

Individualmembership:0•50p.a.

MARCH-APRIL1974

CHAIRMAN'SPAGE

2-4 BUILDINGATAYLORMONOPLANE

5-8 PROJECTS

9-11 VAGABONDSAFARI

12-14 VINTAGE NEWS

14THE PILOT'S23RDPSALM

15V.P. SQUADRON NEWS

16-17ABC,ETC.

18-21 PROPELLERS

21 DIARYDATES

22-24BEYOUROWNTESTPILOT

25EIKEMODEL`E'

26-17THEMOTHTHATALMOST Gor AWAY!

TheviewsexpressedinPOPULARFLYINGarethoseofthe contributorsandnotnecessarilythoseoftheP.F.A.ThePublishers retaintherighttorefuseorwithdrawadvertisementsattheirdiscretionanddonotacceptliabilityfordelayinpublicationorfor clericalorprinter'serrorsalthougheverycareistakentoavoid nustakes.

Therehavebeenmanydifficulties andreversesbutthecontinuingand evergrowingbandofaviationenthusiastswhohavejoinedtheassociation,have,bytheirexampleand dedicatedeffort,furtherenhanced itsreputationandwideneditsaims tocovermostfacetsofthelight aviationscene.

Butourprincipalaimstoday shouldbeasimportantandpressing astheywerenearlythirtyyearsago —tokeepthecostofflyingwithin thereachofallandtoownyour aeroplaneatapriceyoucanafford bybuildingityourself

Wenowhaveastrongassociation ofover1500enthusiasticmembers dedicatedtotheP.F.A.wayof aviating.Somesixhundredprojects invariousworkshops,cellarsand atticsupanddownthecountryand apermanentHeadquartersonan airfieldtoadministerouraffairs.

However,themembers,theprojectsandtheheadquarterswould beoflittleusewereitnotforour greatestasset,thoughnotalways appreciatedbythemembersgenerally.Itisofcourse,ourgoodwill, theheartofanybusinessorendeavour.Overtheyearswehave builtupourintegrityasanaviation organisationandnowenjoyan excellentrelationshipofmutual trustandco-operationwiththe C.A.A.formallytheA.R.B.sothat

weareabletoadministerourown affairswithoutunnecessaryletor hinderanceandkeepalivethespirit ofBritishLightAviation.Itisalso truetosaythatnocommittee, meetingtodiscussaviationmatters iscompletewithoutaP.F.A.delegateandwenowhaveaseatonall theimportantones.

Wehavecomealongway!But nothingisperfecttoaperfectionist whichmostP.F.A.membersare, soournextgreattaskistoimprove ourorganisationandconsolidate ourposition.Thisweintendtodo in1974withastrongandactive committee,aneverexpandingstrut systemandtheP.F.A.General Council.Everyonecanhelp—go joinastrut!Ifthereisnostrutin yourareathenformone!thenyou cansendadelegatetotheCouncil andtellushowyouwouldlikethe thingdone!

DAVID F. FAULKNER-BRYANT Chairman. NOTICEOFA.G.M.

TheAnnualGeneralMeetingof thePFAwillbeatSywellonJuly 6th,1974.

Anyitemsforinclusiononthe agendashouldbesenttotheoffice atleastthreeweeksbefore.

CoverComment:

Almostavintagehomebuiltjet!IThe MilesStudenthasrecentlyflownagainfrotn Shoreham.

PFAEXECUTIVECOMMITTEE

Presnient. A/04DR.G. J.C. PAUL, C.B.,D.F.C.,M.A.,C.Eng.,F.R.Ae.S.

Chairman: D.F. FAULKNER-BRYANT

Hon.Treasurer: Capt.E.S.DAvis,A.M.I.E.E

Treasurer: L.W.SHAW,D.Ae.,C.Eng.,A.FR.Ac.S

EngineeringOfficer: F.I.V.WALKER,C.Eng.,F.R.AeS.

GyroRepresentative: P. LOVEGROVE

GroupSecretary: G.W. GOWLAND

Vintage Representative: A. WOODHAMS, B.Sc., C.Eng.,A.F.R.Ae.S.

AirTrafficRepresentative: BRIMECOMBE

CommitteeMenthers:

F. J. PARKER,B.Sc.

A.W.J.G.ORD-HUME

R.Wilks

J. R.DUNFORD Capt.J.POTHECARY Capt.R.HEATH

Photo:MikeGrigson

ThefoundingandrepresentativebodyintheUnited Kingdomofamateurconstructorsandoperatorsof ulera-lightandGroupoperatedaircraft.

BUILDINGATAYLORMONO

Myambitiontoflyanaircraftdatesbacktoabout theageoffiveyearsandfromthenonitbecamea matterofjustwaitingfortherighttime.Atabout13 yearsoldIbegantolookmorecarefullyatthe possibilitiesofbuildingmyownaircraftandeventhen realisedthatitwasindeedapracticalpropositionto buildanaircraftathomeandpoweritwithasuitable lightengine.FromthispointonIneverhadanydoubt inmymindthatonedaymyambitionwouldbc realised.Foranumberofyearsitwasnotfinancially possibletoconsidermakingastartandmyinterests alsotooktomotorcycleracing.Afteraboutnine seasonsracingIsuddenlyfoundthatmyinterestswere nolongerbeingheldinthegripoftheracingbug.For sometimeIhadknownMikeLuckinwholivednearby andwhoownedaTurbulent.Withinaweekofretiring fromracingIhadtalkedtohimindetailaboutthe P.F.A.,anorganizationaboutwhichIhadnever previouslyheard,andwassurprisedtofindthatnot onlywasitpossibletogetpermissiontobuildan aircraftbuttherewerepeoplewhoactuallyencouraged it.MikeLuckinalsogavemetheOctober1968issue ofP.F.andthisshowedtheTaylorMonoplanethat Iimmediatelydecidedtobuild.IttookmeuntilMay 1969toobtainthewoodandImaderapidprogress throughoutthewonderfulsummerof1969.Havingto watchgluingconditionsIwasforcedtostopworkin thcgarageattheendofOctoberandbythistimethe fuselagewasboxedup,thetailplaneandrudderwere completedandwingspars.It'ssurprisinghowmuch workitappearspossibletodoatthebeginningbutin factitonlylooksmoreandtherealtime-consuming hoursarespentinthesmalldetailsorjustbeingheld upforsomespecialmaterial.A1500VWenginewas obtainedinverygoodconditionfor05asapileof bitsandthiswasconvertedusingtheextremely valuableplansfromDonPeacock.Althoughitlooks alotofworktoconvertanenginewhenlookingatthe drawingsIwouldadviseanyonenottobeputoffasin factitisindeedquiteeasytoundertakeandtheplans areextremelyaccurate.Onewordofadvicethough,I willsuggestthattheimpulseunitbedispensedwithas itisunnecessaryforstarting,isexpensiveandhas beenknowntoflytopieces.Theonlyslightvariations ofmineontheengineweretheinletmanifoldandthe carburettor.1consideredthatusingapropercart) heatsystemthecrossoverexhaustheatedmanifold wasnotrequiredandsoIremovedthezincalloy coatingaroundthemanifoldbyheatingwithablow torchandatquitealowtemperatureitmeltedaway andresultedinabout3lbsal,inginweight.

ThecarburettorIusedwasthe30AHGnormally usedforthe1200ccengine,theventuriis21rn/rnbut forthe1500ccengineitshouldbe23inlmandI achievedthisbyremovingtheventuriandboringit out.Ifanyoneelseattemptsthissimplemodplease remembertomaintaintheventurishapeWiththesmall chokediceinitsoriginalposition.Ihadtoincrease themainjetsizeconsiderablyandalsorichenthe diffusersupply.Thismodcansaveasmuchas£25

spentonacarbandIbelievetheresultisasgoodif notbetterthansomeofthemoreexpensivecarbs. The30AHGisverysimpleinitsconstructionandI pickedmineupsecondhandofiaMorrisJ2froma scrapyardforft-50.Thecarbheatonmyengineis veryeffectiveandIhavefoundittobeessentialasI haveexperiencedcarbicingonanumberofoccasions whilstflyingandhavecleareditwithnoproblems.

AusefulmodFdidtotheairframewastomakethe lastbayintheturtledeckinginfrontofthelinremovable.Thepulleysorfairleadsfortheelevatorare almostinaccessablethroughthesidesandmayhe sealedupwitharip-offpatchbutwiththisarrangementIcaninspectthesevitalcontrolswithcomplete ease.

Theendof1971sawthefabricworkfinished,ajob thatIfoundtobethemostsatisfyingofall.Thespring of1972sawthefamoushouse-movingbit,aritualit seemsthatissharedbyalmostallplanebuilders.My excusewasthatasmyhousebadlyneededpainting andtheessentialfactwastheproperpriority-of buildinganaircraft,Ihadthereforetogoandbuya houseattachedtoacoatofpaint.Atlastthegreat daycameinJuneof1973andduetoonlyhaving26 hoursP.1.inmylogbookItookthewiseprecaution ofaskingoneorourstrutmembersJackPickerellto dothefirstflight.Thistookplaceintheeveningat TolleshuntD'Arcyonaprivatestripownedby GordonMasonakeenP.F.A.member.Jackdidthe firstflightofabout10minutesdurationandhelanded lookingverypleasedwithhimself.Ithencheckedthe planeoverandhedidafurtherflighttocheckthestall andbasichandlingcharacteristics.Thenaftera briefingfromJackitwasmyturntosample3!years ofhardwork.ImustadmitthatIwasextremely nervousandalittleapprehensive about thewhole thing.Howeverthetakeoffprovedextremelyeasyand whenIenteredtheclimbat50knotstherateofclimb wasveryhighindeed.OnlyasIstartedthecircuitdid suddenlyrealisethatatlastIwasupintheplaneI'd builtandthefullrealisationthatallthegluedjoints andvariouspartsweretakingthestrain.Atthispoint IbecamemorenervousasIhadtheawfulfeelingthat theenginemuststoporthewingsfalloff.Ididone circuitfairlyhighandapproachedtolandsecondtime round.Icutthepowerandeasedthenoseupto60 Knotsandlinedupwiththerunway.Onrounding out,thesensitivityofthecontrolsandveryhighnose attitudeblottedouttheforwardviewandthrewme completelysoIappliedpowerandwentroundagain. Onthedownwindlegtherewasahellofabangand Iwassurprisedtofindtheenginestillrunning,this onlyaddedtomyhighlynervousstatetoproducenear panic.AgainIturnedintowindandletdowntowards therunway.ThistimeasIroundedoutlusedonly thegentlestofcontrolmovementsandwasreadyfor thelossofforwardvisionandlinedupwiththeedge oftherunway.ThelandingwasverygoodandIfelt myconfidencefloodingback.Theloudbangonthe downwindlegturnedouttobeachunkofspinner

AproudChrisLodgesurveyshiswell-advancedTaylorMonoplane

AfinestudyofaTaylorAlonoplane's"aftendspontaneouslyseparatingduetocentrifugalforce. AfteranewspinnerwasmadeIfittedabackplateas wellasafrontplateandnomoretroublehasbeen found.

OverthenextsixweeksorsoIdidthetestprogrammemyselfandhadnofurtherproblemswiththe handlingoftheaircraft.ForthetestprogrammeI changedtheproptoacourserpitchof34"x53"dia. Themaximumspeedsofarattainedonthelevelis 100Knots3650RPMandcruisescomfortablyat 80KnotsIn2950RPM.Takeoffandtlimbawayis at50Knots3250RPMandtherateofclimbthat Ihavecheckedfrom1000to3000feetis1000ftper min.Imuststressthatallspeedsareindicatedspeeds buthavecomparedfavourablywithotheraircraft flownincompanywithmine.Therateofclimbat 1000ftperminishoweveraccuratelymeasured againstmywatchandperfectlygenuine.Staticrevs are3150andtheenginedoesseemtoproduceMore powerthantheaverageVWconverjon.

Asfarasthegeneralhandlingisconcernedthe monoplaneisextremelyeasytoflyandhasawonderfulpositilive,solidandstablefeelaboutit.Itis sensitivetocontrol,butthensoareallultra-lights. TheonlycriticismFhavefoundisthatduetothe shortfuselageithasatendencytowanttoground loopandoneMustbereadytoapplyalittlebrake duringthelastfewyardsofthclandingroll.EnfactI thinkthatanybuilderwouldbemostunwisenotto fitbrakedwheels.TheMonoisextremelystablein gustyconditionsontheapproachandIhavetwice landedonfarmstripswitha90crosswindof12to 15Knotswithontanyproblems.Iseemtoremember thatsomeonerecommendedtheoverthehedgespeed shouldbeabout70KnotsforaMono.Icanonlysay thatontheaveragefarmstripthisspeedwouldsend youstraightouttheotherend,althoughitmightbeall rightforaplacelikeRiagin

Imayhavemademydescriptionofbuildingand flyingsofarseemeasybutasallofyouknowwhoare ploddingthroughyourprojectsitisfarfromeasy. Thereisatimeduringbuildingwhenthebeginning hasrecededintothepastandtheendofthejobis nowhereinsightwhendespairsetsin,progressbe-

comesstagnantandsomespecialmaterialisunobtainable.It'salltooeasytogiveupatthisstageas somanyhavedone,nevertosampletherewarding senseoffulfilmentinfinallyflyingtheirownaircraft. ItoogottothisstageandonlywithgreatdeterminationdidImanagetokeepgoing,butbecauseFkept ploddingonthisfeelingwassoonapassingphaseand IwasSoonworkinghardagain.Ifanyofyoufeellike despairingthengoalongtoyourlocalstrutandtalk overyourproblemswithpeoplewhowillbegladto giveyouencouragement,astheassociationwith othersofsimilarinterestsisthegreateststimulusof alltokeepgoing.Forthosecontemplatingstartingto buildIcanonlysaythatifyouwanttosucceedit's essentialtowanttobuildanaircraftforthepleasure ofbuildingandnotjustbecauseitseemsthecheapest wayofflying.Continuingenthusiasmisthekeyotherwisetheprojectwillnevergetofftheground.

Duringthefewhoursflying1managedtogetin towardstheendofthesummerIexperiencedadepth ofpleasureinflyingthatIhadnotthoughtexisted. Thehardworkhasbeenmorethanrewardedandhas openedupawholenewworldofthemostdeeply satisfyingexperiences.Ifyouarchalfwaythroughyour projectandcan'tkeepgoingthenjusttrytoUnderstandthatitreallyisworthwhileandworthfinishing. Oneoftheadditionalbonusesistobeabletoflysay 100milesandlandfeelingfresh,havingenjoyedan interestingflighthighaboveamillionpoundtraffic jamandbilligerentcardriversblowinghooters, issuingforththeirpent-upfrustrationsuponone anotherandonlysucceedinginbecomingmorefrustrated.

Finally,butnotleast,Iwouldliketothankallthe membersoftheP.F.A.whocontributedallthehard worktomaketheP.F.A.whatitistoday,andUm mainlyreferringtopeoplelikeourchiefengineer,Mr. Walker,andthelongerstandingmemberswhohave maintainedtheP.F.A.asanorganizationthatallows peoplelikemetojustcomealongandbuildmyaircraftandfulfiltheambitionofalifetime.AlsoIwould liketothankDonPeacockespeciallywhodidallthe inspectionsandwhowasalwaysonhandtooffer advicewhenneeded.

#4,,?Projects

Considerablymorenewsthanusualthistimeprimarilyaresultofinformationgleanedfromyour recentStrutQuestionnairereplies.Asbefore,thanks areduetothosewhoprovidedsomuchfoodfor thought.Ifwehaven'tgivenyourprojectawelldeservedmentionsofar,whynotdropusalineand wecanrectifytheomission?Pleasesendanyreports. additionsoramendments-andphotographsifpossible-tothePFAOffice,ortomedirectat"Langstone",Risely,Swallowfield,Berks.

IAN BuRNETT.

PFA161. Weweresorrytonotethatoneoftheoldest PFAprojects-D.G.Jones'TurbulentG-ARTFwasofficiallyWFUon15-10-73,andhopethisis onlyapreludetorebuilding.His Tempete G-ASUS (PEA2001)is,asfarasweknow,stillresident atBaginton.

PFA509. The Turbulent G-APUYiscurrentlydismantledatMoreton-in-Marsh-a2ainwehopefor overhaul,andtrustweshallseeitintheairagain soon.

Fortherecord,thedateofMr.Sharp's Turbulent's F/Fwas8-9-73.

Assomeofyouwillknow,DavidShrimpton hasnowcomebacktotheU.K.andhasnowacquiredtheRollason-built Turbulent G-APVZ.

PFA809. Mr.L.Hepperhasrecentlyre-enginedhis LutonMinorG-ATKHwithaLycoming0-145-A2 replacingtheoriginalJAP-99.Weawaitaperformancereportwithinterest.

PFA825. ColinDiffordansweredourpleaformore detailsonhis LutonMinor G-BBCY.Itsactualc/n isPFA.825,andhisprogressreporttellsusthatthe fuselageisalmostcomplete,thetailplane,rudder andwingsareallreadyforcovering,andtheu/cis awaitingwelding.

PFA838. AnotherMinorrecentlyregisteredwasD.W. Bosworth'sG-BANF-nownearingcompletionin Southampton.Hesaystheprojectwascommenced inAugust1970.Atpresenttheenginehastobe fitted,andsomecoveringremainstobedonebefore apossibleF/Finthespring.Headdsthathehas nowconsiderableexperienceofmostofthesnagsin buildingaLutonMinor,andifanyonerequires adviceheshallbehappytoassist.

PFA841. GroupCaptainKnowlesverykindlysentus thelatestonthe2-seat Minor G-AYTT.Hesays"Thetwo-seaterLutonMinorisnowcalledthe Duet. TheF/Fwason22-6-73,justintimefor Sywell'73.FlyinghasprogressedwellatFairoaks andsome30hourshavenowbeenachieved.Engine temperaturemeasuringequipmentloanedbya well-knownaero-enginemanufacturerhasgiven reassurancethatalliswellupfront.Thewingend plateswhichwereoriginallyfittedhavebeenremovedastheyappeartocontributelittleelsebut drag!TheaircraftisnowawaitingitsSpecialCat. C-of-A".

PopularFlying,March-April,1974

PFA904. JodelD.11 G-AWMDwhichhasspentallits lifesofarinWales,hasnowmovedtoShoreham undertheownershipofD.A.Lord.

PFA906.G.K.Ellistellsusthathis FalconarF-11 G-AXDYprogressesinSaxmundham.

PFA938.TheDudleyMorgan-built Jodel0.9 G-AZBLwasofficiallyregisteredtoitsnewowner, J.FI.Underwood,atSleapon31-10-73.

PFA942. WilliamAllenofLlanishen,Cardiffwrites thathisD.9projecthastakenhim2+,yearsofsinglehandedeffortsofar.Currentstatusisfuselage50% complete,rudderandtailplanefinished,andheis halfwaythroughtheconversionofa1500ccVW.

PFA1314. RayMaidment's EAABiplane G-AVZW receiveditsfirstC-of-Aon10-10-73.

PFA1321. RcgGladstone's FalconarF-9 G-AYEG wasregisteredtoN.J.MathiasandM.W.Riceat DenhaminAugust1973.

PFA1335. BrianMillstellsusthelateststateofhis TourbillonG-AYBV.Itsfuselageiscomplete,and thetailempennagenearlyso.Hesaysheobtained aContinentalA65engineforitfor£50,GPUconvertedfromacar-breaker'sscrapyardinperfect overhauledconditionstillwithnewoilinthesump -thethingsonefinds...!

PFA1348. K.Dawson'sEAA Biplane projecthasnow beenregisteredG-BBMH

PFA1352. LesGrovestellsusthattheRNApprenticeconstructed Kittiwake, whichachievedfameasthe firstPFAaeroplanetocarryamilitaryserial numberXW784,iscurrentlybeingoverhauledat Lee-on-SolentforC-of-A,whenitwillbecome (appropriately)G-BBRNwiththeRNGSA.He alsotellsusthatthelocallybasedPFAGroup219 existsmainlyasatugoutfitforthePortsmouth NavalGlidingClub.ApartfromtwoAusters(one ofwhichhehasrecentlyreconstructedfroman unusedAusterspareframe)theGroupalsooperate agenuinepre-warTigerG-AFWI.Andjustto convince"JohnBeeswax"thattherearevintage aeroplanesatotherplacesthanBooker...recently arrivedatLeeinthesoleremainingAeroncaC-3 G-AEFTwhichhasbeenrebuiltatYeovilton.

PFA1362. BarryCastle's Sprite projectisstillactivein Barnet,Herts.

PFA1365. TheGwilliam/Mills Cavalier hasrecently beenregisteredG-BBUW.

PFA1369. NickHarrisonwritesfromPlymouthtosay thathis Avro558Replica projectistemporarily haltedwhilstheattendsfull-timecollege.Meanwhile thefiniscompleteandthetailnearlyso.InterestinglyhehopestomodifyaDAF750ccengineforthe projectasaVWistooheavy.

PFA1381. Eric("Mr.-Heyyou-Tosh-orSirbythe Police")Thale's SpriteG-AXRK isstructurally almostcomplete.Alltheu/cisfinished,andanilhourLycoming032-E2Ais"availabletothrowa Sensenitch74DM/60proparound".Glassfibretips andcowlingsareintheprocessofmanufacture,and thecanopyancbwindscreenarealsoalmostcomplete.

PFA1394.OneextraF/Fwhichwemissedinthelast surveywasthatofPatBarker'sTitchG-BABEthe firstTitchtoflyintheUKsincetheprototype.The actualeventtookplaceattheRAEThurleigh, BedfordatthebeginningofSeptember,andthelast weheardtestingwasproceedingwithoutacanopy fitted.

PFA1438.MichaelTaylorofSutton-on-Trent,Newark tellsusthathis Monoproject iswellunderway.So farhehascompletedtheTailplane,Rudder,Wing sparsandribs,andtheFuselagesides.A1500ccVW isalsonearingcompletiontoDonPeacock'splans.

PFA1446. W.G.WellsofClacton-on-Seainformsus thataswellashisown Monoproject, healsohasa thirdshareinthe Nipper G-AVXC.

PFA1506. JimWillshasrecentlysecuredthe'personal' registrationG-BBSWforhis Aircamper.

PFA1537. DavidSchofield,whose VP-1 projectis proceedingnearSwindon,alsoownsthe SuperCub G-AYPOwhichisusedfortuggingatS.Marston.

PFA1549.J. H.Saffreytellsusthatthenacelleand mainplanesarenearlycompleteonhis Pusher Biplane.

PFA1555. WeweresomewhatsurprisedwhenGeoffrey BiggsofChestertoldusthatinsteadofthe VP-1 we hadlisted,hisprojectisinfacta LutonMajor. The fuselageisnearlyfinishedandhesayshehasbought aCorvairengine.

PFA1572. ShortageofcashinthepresentcircumstanceshasforcedJohnSizertoshelvebuildinghis "Sapphire"-what hasbeenmadesofarisnowin storeforfutureresurrection.MeanwhileJohnis currentlybusyona FormulaV design.

PFA1584. SidMilesprovideduswithafewmore detailsonhis Stolp500StarletG-AZTV. F/Ftook placeatOldWardenon4-7-73.SincethenSidhas completedthefirst15hoursoftesting-withJ.D. Penrosecompletingthefinalflightbeforeitreceived itsC-of-Aon10-10-73.

PFA1587.JohnDeacon's Cavalier projectisgetting alongwellinWokingham,Berks.Thetailplaneis complete,rudderandelevatorsarecompleteless horns,thebasicfuselageboxisfinished,anda LycomingGPU iscurrentlyunderconversion.

PFA1588. M.J.Clarktellsusthathestartedhis IsaacsFury projectinJuly,1972,andsofarmostof themetalfittingsarecompleteaswellashalfthe wingribsandinterplanestruts.

PFA1591. DavidCooper's SopwithPupReplica is beingconstructedfromoriginaldrawings-usinga largenumberoforiginalcomponentssuitably renovated.Hesayshehopestousean80hpLe Rhoneifallthebitscanbeobtained.Welook forwardtoseeingitalongsidealltheotherFirst WorldWartypesverysoon.

PFA1592.G. E.Monk's Cavalier projectisactivein Bournemouth.

PFA1593. DudleyMorganhassoldhis BabyGreat Lakes toBenCooper,whoisactivelyworkingonit forthe1974season.ItisnowregisteredG-BBGLalsowiththepeculiarc/n7223-B412-B.Meanwhile backattheDudleyMorganranchinGosporthehas alsodisposedofhisex-French Cub toJenny Pothecary,andiscurrentlyworkingonanex-French PiperClipper.

PFA2204. GeoffreyClaxtonofPontyclun,Glam.tells usthathis Sirocco G-AWKBprogresses,andpoints outthatinthedesignationMJ5-F2thesuffixF refers to the125hpLycoming,andthe2totheretractableu/c.Healsosayshehasashareinthe famousMonoplaneG-APRT.

PFA2206. OliverSmithhassentusthelatestnewsof his Sirocco G-AZOS,whichisnearingcompletion. Hislistofthingstobedonereads:"Itrequiresfuel systemtobehookedup;brakehoses;paintingof inspectioncovers;fairingsandspats;proptofit; takewingsoffandtransporttoairfield;reassemble andinspection;F/Fhopefulinearly1974".Seeyou atSywellinit,Oliver!

PFA2212. C.M.Barneshasjustbegunhis Sirocco projectinVirginiaWater.

PFA3009.FrankNuthall's CurrieWot hasacompletedfuselage,andheisjuststartingonthewings.

PFA3010. C.Turner's Wot G-BANViscurrently assembledatUsworth,andweawaitF/Fdetails.

PFA3016.RalphHart's Wot G-AYNAreceivedits firstC-of-Aon28-5-73.

PFA3018. C.H.Bott's Wot makesslowbutsureprogressonhisfarmnearStevenage.Thetailplaneis currentlybeingworkedon.

PFA3225.A. R.Greenfieldtellsusheiscurrently engagedonaVW1500ccconversionforhis Titch. Heisdesigninga3/2toothbeltreductionwitha combinedmount,andalsohasanNSUPrinz1200 withaviewtopossibleconversion.

PFA7004. JohnScottsayshis VP-1 makesslowprogressinWisbech,Cambs.Sofarhehascompleted thestabilator,rudder,and2/3ofthefuselage structure.

PF47007. RobertLowewritestotellusthathis VP-1 fuselageisnowcompletelessmainwheels,andheis currentlyworkingonthestabilatorandrudder.

PFA7008. PeterPriceofCheadle,Cheshireisseeking oneortwootherstojoinhiminhis VP-1 project. Anyonegenuinelyinterestedisinvitedtocontact himat47ShakespeareDrive,Cheadle.

PFA7013.PeterKelseyrecentlyregisteredhis VP-1 G-BBPKandsofarhasfinishedthefuselageanda fewotherbitsandpieces.

PFA7205.PeterMarigold's VP-2 projectisstillinits initialstages.

PFA7210.G.BentleyofFailsworth,Lanus.alsotells usthathehasjuststartedonhis VP-2 project.

PFA7212.K.K.Cuttispresentlydoingsomeredesignworkbeforesettlingdowntobuildinghis VP-2.

PFA03-10004. DonaldHarkerwritesfromNunthorpe. Teesidetogiveussomedetailsofhis Hawk project. Itturnsouttobea2-seatside-by-sidewithaparasol sweptbackwing-allwoodconstruction-and poweredbyaContinentalA65.Aswellasanopen cockpit,thewingwillbeamonospartypewith invertedV-struts.

PFA09-10015.ROUTMillstellsusthatthefuselage kitfora4-aileronsymetricalwingwasduetoarrive aroundChristmas1973forthe Pitts projectheis engagedinwithPeterFordandAlanPowley(all BEApilots).

PFA15-10022.BrianSimstellsusthatthe Sonerai isin factajointprojectwithM.Jackson.

PFA16-10023.A.ManninginformsusthathisBowers FlyBaby projectalsohasthec/n's73-13(issuedby PeterBowers),andGB-1(thefirstsuchnumber issuedtoaBower'sdesignintheUK).

PFA21-10035.JohnPennysayshis SopwithTriplane Replica whichheisactiveonshouldflylaterthis year,andifhisperformancewithhis VP-1 isany criterionwetendtobelievehim!Heisusingmodern constructionmethodsthroughout.

PFA11-10036. RobinKingtellsusthathis IsaacsFury projectalsohasjustbegun-startingwiththetailplane.Presentfacilitiesareabitlimitedsoprogress issofarslow.

PFA14-10048. AldermanC.LeeofStourbridgetells usthatherecentlystartedconstructionofhis Bede BD-5B project.

PFA01-10049. RidleyKendaltellsusthatapartfrom hisrecentlystarted Cavalier projecthealsoowns Erneraude G-BANW.

PFA— NewestofthePFAprojects(attimeof writingwithoutanumber)isthe PazmanyPL-4 of D.H.Lee.Hetellsusthatheworksforanational constructioncompany,andsincethenatureofhis workmeansmovingatshortnotice,hehasdesigned andbuilta16ft.mobileworkshop.Aftertryinghis handatbuildinga.1scale Cavalier winghefinally decidedonthePazmany,andstartedworkatthe beginningofDecemberontheelevatormoulds.He iscurrentlybasedattheamusingly-titledvillageof Nigg,nearTain,Rosshire,andsaysthatanyone braveenoughtoventurethatfarnorthatthistime ofyear(thereisanunmannedairfieldatFearn-10 milesaway)willbeassuredofawarmwelcomeand lunchatthelocalhostelry,but"willhavetheir brainspickedthoroughly—PEAinspectorsespeciallywelcome!"

PHOENIXAIRCRAFT

PAL/1124. CornelisBosremindsusthathebuiltthe Minor G-ASCY(notJohnGladish)andaddsthe followinghistoryofthemachine:—"Theplansfor theMinorwereboughtfromPhoenixAircraftin December1958,andconstructionstartedinJune 1959intheWestIndies.ThepartlycompletedairframewasbroughtbacktotheU.K.ontopofthe deckofabananaboatinDecember1961,andthe aircraftcompletedatSwantonMorleybymeand Mr.E.Gilbert—thethenclubengineerforthc NorfolkandNorwichAeroClub.TheMinor'sfirst flightwasinJune1964flownbytheCFIRobbie Robinson.Thesecondflightwasbyme.Imoved fromNorfolktoBerkshireandtheMinorwas housedatBlackbusheforawhile.Isoldthemachine toadentistinNewcastlewhen I movedtoPortugal inApril1966".Healsotellsusthatheisnowliving inDenmark,andiscurrentlyengagedinbuilding anotherMinor—whichhehopeswillqualifyfora fullunrestrictedDanishC-of-Awithinthenexttwo years.

PAL/I154. Another LutonMinor thathasfadedaway isG-ASEA—officiallyWFUon10-9-73.Itonlyhad apermitforoneyearfrom26-9-67,andformuchof thattimeitwascloisteredawayatWellesbourne Mountford.Itisnowbelievedtobestoredinthe Stratford-on-Avonarea—wehopeitmakesareappearanceoneday.

G-AFIU. NotstrictlyaPhoenixaeroplanebuta Minor nevertheless—andagenuinepre-warmachineto boot—isG-AFIU(mentionedbrieflyinPFsome timeago).ItwasbuiltbyC.A.Parkerin1938/9 (withhisownc/nCA-4)andwasobtainedinMay 1968fromMr.P.JamesofPembroke.Itiscurrently instorenearManchesterawaitingarebuild.Stephen Connatty,oneoftheco-owners,tellsusthatthe fuselage,tailplane/rudder,wingstruts,u/c,and otherbitsandpiecesareallinaverydilapidated stateatpresent—nottopreventitsrebirthwehope.

OTHERAIRCRAFT

SeveralNewProjectshaverecentlycometolight, amongstwhichare:—

G-BBOH. PittsS-1S. PhilipMeesonrecentlyregisteredhis AJEP/Pitts project—thec/nisappropriatelyAJEP-PSI-S-1.

PopularFlying,March-April,1974

G-BBUL. Kittiwake1.R. C.BullofBarrow-inFurnessrecentlyregisteredhis Kittiwake project withhisc/nRB.1.WhileonthesubjectofRoy Proctordesignsweknowoftwomoresuchprojects MToronto,Canada,andinCalifornia.Thereare alsoatleastfive Petrel projectscurrentlyactivein theU.K.

G-BBOI. BedeBD-5B. RecentlyregisteredtoHeather V.Wheelerwiththec/n898.

DykeDelta. M.S."Dicky"Birdtellsusthathe isalsoworkingona Delta projectaswellashis well-known WoodyPusher G-AWWP.Healsoremindsusthatherecentlyassembledan Aerosport Quail foracustomerinSpain.

—LutonBeta. D.R.Headtellsusthathis Beta project(apparentlytakenoverfromDericWilcox) iswellonthewaytowardscompletion—whichis estimatedatmid-1974.Itwillbepoweredbyanew 0-200Continental.

Titch. JohnHarwoodtellsusthatheiscurrentlyworkingona TaylorTitch projectinRichmond. FokkerDR.1. Latestofthethriving WWI Replicas toemergeisthe DR.1 replicathatJ.McKenzieisengagedoninSouthampton.

MW-2. M.WhittakerofOldmixon,Westonsuper-Mareisatpresentworkingonhisowndesign. InadditionColinRolphtoldusthathis Beta projecthasbeenshelvedforthepasttwoyears,buthe hopestorestartagaininthenearfuture.Hegavelffs projectthenumber PEA/1511, butthisisofcoursethe rebuilt CosmicWind G-ARUL.

RecentchangestoUKUltralightshavealsoineluded:—

G-APOD. Belfair. SoldtoP.T.Nalson,Shorehamin October1973.

G-ARDY. Nipper. RegisteredtoJohnWhitingat Bagby,November1973.

G-ARFV. Nipper. RegisteredtoAndrewPerkins, September1973.

G-ASM. Nipper. NowownedbyB.Flintoff,and operatedbytheHuddersfieldFlyingGroup,CroslandMoor.

G-AWDC. Nipper. ItsC-of-AexpiredbackinJune 1970,andasaresultwasWFUon20-9-73.(A suitablecandidateforrebuildingperhaps?).

G-ATLY. Beta. ThetragiclossofRollason'sprototype Beta atTollertonon29-9-73withitspilot,E. Burgess,isnowwellknown.Lesswellknownisthe factthatEricBurgessowneda Jodel G-AZSB,and waswellonthewaytowardsfinishinghisown Beta PFA/1535.

G-ALUA. Zaunkoenig. Latestinformationonthe perambulationsofthisfamousanimalisthatit remainsatShannon,andisthoughttohavebeen acquiredbyMr.Carpenter—thepreviousownerof the MinorEI-ATP—in whatwehearisathreecornereddealwhichwillresultinanother'warbird' forMr.Arnold!

G-AEDB. BACDrone. Oneoftheleastdesirable effectsoftherecentchangeofownershipofBlackbushehasbeenthedisplacementofseveralmachines whoseonlycrimeappearstobetheirfabriccovering insteadoftin.AmongsttheseisBobOgdon's Drone, andfacedwiththealmostimpossibletaskoffinding itanalternativehomeinthearea,hehasreluctantly takenithome.Wesincerelyhopeitfindsanewplace tolive,andmoreoverthatatsometimeinthefuture OURtypeofaeroplanemayoncemorebewelcome atthe'Bushe.Meanwhile,aswellaslookingafter twoMothMinorsG-AFNIand'FOBinhisgarden shed,BobhasalsojustacquiredaSipa903from France.

GYROPLANES

Ontheplussidenewshascomeinofafewnew Gyroprojectsnowunderway.Thedebitside,however,revealsalargenumberofGyrosrecentlycancelledfromtheregister.

NewMachinesare:-

G-BBIG.LovegroveGyro.PeterLovegroverecently registeredhislatestcreation-numberPCL.11.At thesametimehiswell-known BensenB.8 G-AX1I hasbeenWFU.

G-BBGP. BergCricket.A welcomeadditionisthe BergHomebuiltCricket ofRaymondA.Berg, registeredinAugust.Ithashisownc/nAB.I.

-BensenB-8M. JohnRemington(withtheRAF inGermany)tellsusofhisBensenproject.Heis hopingtomodifytheexistingdesigntoimproveits appearance-i.e.newfin/rudder,instrumentpanel andfueltanks.

InthclastfewmonthsseveralGyroshavebeenremovedfromtheRegister-mostofwhicharebelieved tohavebeenoutofuseforsometime.Amongstthese are BensenB-7M G-ASCT, B-8 G-AVXB, B-8M G-ASXHandG-AVJP, CB-8MG G-AXLT,and Crickets G-AXNUandG-AYHI.

TurbulentN4697T,PFA588Photo:N.P.Marsh

PFA-11-10038.IsaacsFury. G.C.Jones,GreatStoneageFarm,ChathamGreen,LittleWaltham,Essex.

PFA18-10039.CootAmphibian. J.C.Taylor,Edge Lee,BishopsLane,Buxton,Derbyshire.

PFA-22-10040.FalconairF-12. T.Kerr-Baillie,Little LaughFann,Saltcoats,Ayr.

PFA15-10041.Sonerai.D. Sparke,68MellorRoad, NewMills,Stockport,Cheshire.

PFA01-10042.Cavalier. D.T.Jackson,588Tonbridge Road,Maidstone,Kent.

PFA23-10043.NewtonPoweredGlider.A. Newton.

PFA14-10044.BedeBD-5. J.E.Cull,189Eveshain Road,Redditch,Worcester.

PFA24-10045.Zeneth100. D.B.Winstanley,33 ColensoRoad,Blackburn,Lancashire.

PFA14-10046.BedeBD-5. S.Murrell,37MillRoad, Twickenham,Middlesex.

PFA05-10047.Sprite. B.Jones,5GrangeClose,TamworthRoad,Ashby-de-la-Zouch.

PFA14-10048.BedeBD-5. C.Lee,-Homeleigh", QuarryParkRoad,Pedmore,Stourbridge,Worcester.

PFA01-10049.Cavalier. R.Y.Kendal,3TheMount, Throckley,Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

PFA02-10050.Beta.J.T. Spring,16WellfteldRoad. Piddington,HighWycombe,Buckinghamshire.

NEWPROJECTS

PFA14-10025.BedeBD-5. M.H.Jones,17Hortslock Drive,Thamesmead,LondonS.E.2.

PFA14-10026.BedeBD-5. R.Hands,316Baldwins Lane,HallGreen,Birmingham.

PFA14-10027.BedeBD-5. R.N.Orfield,74WolfungtonRoad,WestNorwood,London,S.E.27.

PFA14-10028.BedeBD-5.P. R.Cremer,IIPalfrey Place,London,S.W.8.

PFA17-10029.PazmanyPL-4A.M. Catton,1HighcroftLane,Horndean,Hants.

PFA18-10030.CootAmphibian.D. Barton,2aLoad Street,Bowilley,Worcester.

PFA19-10031.OwlRacer. M.Underwood,2Bentley Lodge,Egham,Surrey.

PFA05-10032.Sprite. M.D.Beckingham,7Grafton Avenue,HurstwoodEstate,Felpham,Bognor Regis.

PFA01-10033.Cavalier.G. W.Bisshopp,Trenchard Hall,Officers'Mess,RAFCranwell.

PFA20-10034.SE5aReplica. M.L.Beach,24Cole ParkRoad,Twickenham,Middlesex.

PFA21-10035.PennyTriplane. J.S.Penny,20High Street,Ecklington,Sheffield,Yorks.

PFA11-10036.IsaacsFury. R.King,108Avenue Road,Southgate,London.

PFA11-10037.IsaacsFury. J.Harding,EngineBay, RAFLeuchars,Fife.

PFA01-10051.Cavalier. D.Potter,Portofino,Front Street,Pityme,Durham.

PFA25-I0052.TipsyNipper. L.W.Shaw,36Audley Way,Ascot,Berkshire.

PFA26-10053.HurricaneReplica. C.Turner,20DovecoteRoad,Newcastle-upon-Tyne,NEI29LL.

PFA-01-10054.Cavalier. C.J.Matley,8Mandeville Road,Hertford,Hertfordshire.

PFA27-10055.IsaacsSpitfire.J.0. Isaacs,42LandguardRoad,Southampton,Hampshire.

TurbulentG-APUYairworthyvisitingFihonsome yearsago.

Photo:AlanDunn

TaylorMonoplaneN2531atOskoshin1973with4 bladedpropeller.

Photo:N.P.Marsh

VAGABOND SAFARI byMIKESTAPP

At theKronfieldCluboneeveningwasshowna film,locatedmostlyinSpain,aboutthemakingofthe film'BattleofBritain'.ItaboundedwithHeinkelsand CASA-builtMesserschmitts,butacrossthebackground,inonescene,thereflittedaBakerJungmann, whichprovedtobeoneofmanybuiltinSpainalong withsomeofitsbigbrother,theJungrneister,biplane extraordinary!

EnquiriesoftheSpanishAirForce,viaourAir AttacheinMadrid,revealed3marksofJungmann forsaleatpricesbetween£750and£1900,butthe Spanishwereverynon-commitalaboutdetailsandthe sparessituation.TheirvariantshadtheENMATigre motorof125h.p.unheardofoutsideSpain.Theonly solutionwastogoandsee,soasafariwasplannedwith fellowpilotBillLaxton,equippedwithnon-radio Vagabond(PA17),thusweleftbywayofLympne, wellloadedwithsurvivalgear.

AtediousdaybroughtustoLaRochelle,onthe sunnyFrenchWestCoast,viaRouenandLeMans. Franceaboundswithmilitaryzones,andourroute South,nextday,forBiarritz,wastobealongarailway, towhichweclungreligiously.However,theskywas suddenlyfullofjetnoise,whichscaredusoutofour minds,andaverylarge,close,Mirageflashedby, makinga10mileradiusturnandamusingitselfwith afewpassesatus,beforeitgottiredandwenthome. Weflewstraightandlevelasneverbeforeandwe neverheardofitagain.

LackingtherangetomakeBiarritzinone,weopted forAndernos,alonelyairstripwhereadearoldlady telephonedforataxitobringusfuelfromthevillage, asshehadnonetospare.AtBiarritz,alongtheshimmeringcoastline,welandedontheclearlymarked grassstrip,whichturnedouttobespeciallyreserved foraircraftwithundercarriagefailuretocrashon.Well youcan'twinthemall.BiarritzboastedaniceTiger Moth,whichourgrouplaterbought,andwefileda FlightPlanforBilbao,approachedalongastarkand rockycoastline,devoidofanyplaceforaforced landing.

Bilbaohadamodernairport,butnosignalsareaor othersignofawelcome,sowecircled,todecidewhich runwaywasthemostintowind.Thiswasluckilysolved byaCaravelle,whichappeareddownthevalleyand landed,sowefollowedatasafedistance.JustasIwas abouttotouchdown,Ibecameawareofalargetwinenginedaircraftdoinglikewiseattheotherend!A spectacularovershootinwhichwefortunatelyboth turnedright,inbest'head-on'traditionrightinthe centreoftheairportseemedguaranteedtofindussome accommodationforsometimetocome.

PopularFlying,March-April,1974

WefollowedtheIberiaConvairtoa(safe)landing andawaitedthearrivalofthefiringsquad.Passing throughCustoms,weoverheardmanyConvairpassengerscursingthecrazySpanishairlinesandmaniac pilotsoflightaircraftandwerepleasedtoremain incognito,agreeingwitheveryonewhomentionedit tous.

Noofficialsaidanythingtousaboutourarrival,so perhapsitwasanaverageone.Wehadanexhaustive inspectionofalldocuments.

Asforwheretogonext,thenew,airfieldstudded Americanmapswehadbroughtproducedgruntsof disapprovalandwelearntthatSpainhadveryfew usablefields,manybeingcloseddownaftertheCivil Warof1937.Somewereopenforemergencyonly,but hadnofacilities,amongthemBurgos,whichwehad hopedtolandat.AllinternalflightsrequiredaFlight Planandifthecontrollerthoughtitunfitforflight,his signaturewasnotforthcoming,makingyourflight illegal,ifyousucceededinleavingtheground.Passing animmaculateSAFHarvard,weretiredtothe ImperialHotel,pastwhichex-Londontrolleybuses glidedeveryfewminutesandwhereImetmyfirst-ever electricW.C.Thefoodwasinteresting,theenvironmentmatureandvery'Imperial'.

Refreshednextday,weselectedValladolid,a militarybase,whichwouldacceptusbeforelunchand wasmarginallyfavouredbythewind,comparedwith Vitoria,whichwelaterlearntwasclutteredwithJungmanns.Ourrange was rathercritical,derivedfrom only9gallons.Thusweclimbedupthetortuousvalley inland,inblazingheat,andeventuallyacrossan escarpmentsome4000'AMSLandontoavastand rockyplain,whichcontainedtheunwelcomingBurgos, inaslightlygreener-lookingvalley.

Withastrengtheningtailwind,carefuluseofmixture andRPM,wefoundValladolidwithlittletospareand weregladtofindtheSAFhospitable.Frenchwasthe onlylanguagewehadincommonandIwaspleasedto seeaChipmunk-likewoodenaeroplanewhichan officermentionedhadbeenreplacingtheJungmannfor some15years.Refuelled,ourtake-offwasakintoa Jumbo-Jet,aswesetoffforMadrid.Thefirst500ftwas agony,butwestruggledvaliantlyto5000ft.whereit wasmercifullycoolerandpreparedtocrossamountainrangewhichthemapshowedas5,500fthighat itsLOWESTpoint.

Theinteriorwasrock-strewnandbarren,notaroad, trackorbuildinginsightfornearinfinityattimes.We weregladofourrations,wateranddinghy,asproof againstexposure,alsocomfortedbytheflightplan requirement,onwhichourSARBEbeaconwas mentionedinlargecapitals.

Wereachedabreathless6500ft.whichwasabout max.ceilingandscrapedoverawickedrazor-backed ridge,thewindslightlytoouradvantage.Theroadand railwayhaddisappeareddeepunderground.There followedaninterminableglidetoCuatroVientos,on theoutskirtsofMadrid,whichdisplayedascrapyard fullofJunkers52s,3Stearmans,animmaculateJungmeister(private)and3TigerMothfuselages.OurEsso creditcardwasnotacceptableandourresources shrunknoticably.

Enquiriescomplete,weroutedviaAlbacete,tosee animpressiveZlinaerobaticdisplaybyaSAFpilot, thenSouthtowardsthecoast,landingatMurcia Alcantarilla,alargedustyfield,alongsideamountain range,fullofJunkers52swhichdronedinformations turningouttraineeparachutistsindroves.

Wewerewelcomedand,beingfortunatetohave parachutedintheArmy,Ihadnodifficultyingetting

downontheunlikelygroundsthatformationflying wasreserved'strictlyforthemilitary'.

AlthoughsomelocalpilotswenttoNorthAfrica direct(about80milesacrossthewater),theysaidone musthaveenoughfueltoreturnalso,astherewasvery littlefuelavailableontheotherside,withonly9gallon capacity,thiswasnoton,sowithallpossibilities exhausted,wedecidedtoprobearumourofJungmannsreturnedforstorageatSanJavier,backalong thecoastandtowardsBarcelona,offeringaroutehome viaFrancefromtheSouth.

Thiswastacklednextmorning,andwetaxiedupto thetower,onarrival,tobetoldthatthe'civilend'was 'overthere',butwecouldnotusethetaxi-waytoget there.Inexplicably,adriverwassentwithatruck,to leadusacrossamileofoven-likedesert,Billtaxi-ing andmeoutfronthurlingawayrockstoclearapath. The'civilend'wasratheruncivilandalmosthostile.

alookroundtheJunkersandtheparachuteschool.In thehangarwasatired-lookingolivegreenJungman, whichfailedtorespondtomysizeableoilerofbribery togetairborneinit,butprovedthattheFNMA enginewasacunningenlargementoftheHirthdesign. originallyfittedtoGermanspecimens.Evencircuitsin aresidentJodelwerepossibleonlywithawritten authority,thelocalssaid,anddarkmutteringswere offeredaboutGeneralFrancoputtingupthetaxon fueltwiceinrecentmonths.Wedecidedtostayvery neutralaboutGeneralFrancoandsincewehadhoped toreachTangiereventually,optedtoleavenextday forAlmeria,furtherSouth.

Thiswasruledoutuntilaftermid-daybythecontrollerwhosaidthevisibilitywasinsufficient.We hoveredbetweenthejuniorranksmessandtheteleprinteruntilthemuchneeded8km.visibilityfinally appearedforAlmeria,thendowntheazurecoasttakinginallthebeautyofnaturalSpain.Almeria's modernairportwasdeckedwithflagsandhada pleasantrestaurant,averygooden-routestop.Unfortunately,progresstoMalagawasnotpossibledueto nothavingradio.Granada,analternative,wasclosed andourrequesttoflytoMalagaalongsidearadio equippedaircraft,whichofferedanescort,wasturned

Wewereallowedtousethesacredtaxi-waytospeed ourdeparture,unsupportedbyanyfreshinformation ofaircraft.

ValenciaseemedagoodplacetogoandwediscoveredithadtwoJ2CubsandafascinatingMiles M2Hawk,whichIhavebeentryingtorepatriate almosteversince,asitwasofferedat£600,withmany enginehourstorunbutnoCofA.Perhapssome museumwillstillbeinterested,asitwillwantloving attentiontokeepflying.

Downtheroad,theysaid,wasaTigerMoth,which transpiredtobeaD.H.60GMothinverysick condition,outsidearefrigeratorplantonthemain roadtothetown,andonlyrestorablebythestrongin heartandpocket.Anattempttovisitthebeachona Sundaywasforestalledasnobeachwasvisiblebeneath theentirepopulationofValencia.Thealternativebullfightwashardonthestomach,butonematadorwas treatedtoaclassicrear-endbutt,manyfeetintothe air,tothecrowd'sderisivelaughteranditbecamea matterofpridetokilloffhisbull.AshowerofPesetas greetedhisvictory.

WeprogressedtoTarragona(Reus),througha drenchingcoastalstormwhichwehadtofindourway round,therebeingnogoingbackbythattime.Reus

PopularFlying,March-April,1974

SpanishAirForceJunkersJu-52attheUSAFMuseum

Photo:M.P.Marsh

ABritishJungmann

hadmuchsecurity,mostlyaroundanEastGerman aircraftanditspassengers,butitprovidedourbiggest breakyet,asIwasabletowalkthroughahangarpiled totheroofwithcrated,unusedJungmannfuselages, wingsandenginesetc.Theflyableaircrafthadnearly allgonetoSanJavier,andonlyoneremained.Apolite English-speakingCaptainconfirmedthatwecould NOTflyit,whilehisfatherwrungoutaHarvard neatlyinthenowclearblueskyoverhead.Hesupplied variousaddressestowhichofficialletterscouldbc written.

Weleftnextdayafteranamazinglycheapnightat a5-starhoteldirectlyontheseafront,whichwasour taxi-driver'sresponsetoarequestforsomewhere 'comfortable'.Wehadconfidentlyexpectedtodothe washing-upforsomemonths,lackingthenervetoopt fortheboilerroom,butthebillwassmallforthefine servicewemetateveryturn,welearntitwasthe SpanishcustomtoletmilitaryJungmannsgotoFlying Clubs,whowouldfinishthemoffbeforedisposal,and onreachingSabadell,nearBarcelona,sawourfirst civilregisteredexample,whichwasnotforsale,but offeredsomehopeforthefuture.Itwas'indisposed' andthereforenotflyablebutourspiritswerealittle restored.ThuswemadeourwayfromSabadell,which alsohadaniceoldRapide,toGerona,overspectacular mountainandvalleycountry.There,allourrations werecarefullyinspectedbeforeourexittoFrance, everytitleonthepacketsbeingtranslatedandafew neatlydissectedtoensurethatnodrugswerecarried, welearnt.

Perpignanwasfoundafteraworryingtripthrough themountainsinadarktunnel-likechasm,overwhich therehoveredthreateningclouds.Francewaseasier toflyinandwepassedeasilyviaMontpelier,to Montelimar,intheRhonevalley,arrivinginacascade

!FIRSTSOLO— an

JustincaseyoumayhavewonderedwhatyourFlying Instructormayhavebeenthinkingduringyour.firstsolo, thefollowingisashortextractfronttheas.1,erunpuhlishedthoughtsofaFlyingInstructor.

AsthelittleAusterpurredawayintotheclearblue ofanearlymorningskyIsatdownbesideacorner marker.Lazilymythoughtsbegantowanderaway fromtheAustertothepeacefulscenebeforeme.The airjustabovethegroundripplinganddancing;inthe distancethesleepytownwithidlesmokestacks;the Airportbuildingnowatpeace,retiredfromit'sbusy beginnings;alarkhighabovewarblesit'scomforting note.Theairiscalmandalmoststill.Thereisasortof calmnesswhichoneonlydreamsof.Itisasiftimehas stopped.Icouldbebackinthelate1930s:mythoughts wouldbethesameandwhatIamseeingbeforeme

ofrain,amidaweddingreception.Aroomwasfound forusandthenextday,wewereamongfriendsat RomansSt.Paul,whereourgrouphadpreviously bought2TigerMoths.SkirtingroundLyonand leavingthevalleyforDijonValSuzon,weflewin improvingweathertoChatillon-sur-Seine,whichriver windsWestwardstoParis.There,IwasofferedaHirth engineof90h.p.,whichfittedtheoriginalJungmann andmightpossiblyfitaSpanishvariantiftheENMA engineprovedaproblem.

AfterapleasantreturntotheU.K.,itappearedthat theENMAengineofveryshortlife,wasbadnewsto theARBandnotwelcomedwithopenarms.Thetask offittingaHirthmotorintoaSpanishairframe requiredmuchhackingaboutoftheairframe,resulting inanottoohighlypoweredaeroplane,asmostJungmannshadtheI05hp.Hirth,whichwasinexceedingly shortsupply.Lastly,amilitaryairframewouldgeta veryextensive(orwasitexpensive)inspectionandthis wasnothelpedbythefactthatnologbooksofmilitary originmightleaveSpain,therebeingonlyabriefstatementofhoursflownandmodificationstate.

Wehavenotbeenabletoconfirmarumourof originalGermanbuiltJunginanns,withHirthmotors inaSpanishdependencyinNorthAfrica,sotheonly courseseemstolietowardsacivilianisedaircraftfrom Spainandwehavemetwithnosuccessinthatdirection.IguessanyonewishingtotackletheJungmann marketiswelcomewithourbestwishes.

ThesuperblittleVagabondwaslatersoldtoaWelsh psychiatrist,whowasjusttoolatetoexamineus! However,welearntaboutSpainandhowtoreadmaps onwhichtherewasn'tanythingmuch.Thatiswhatour brandofflyingisallabout,Isuppose,butI Icou/d still liketoflyaJungmann.

instructor'sview

wouldbethesame.Thereisnothinginsightthatwas notmadethirtyyearsago.Thewaiting,theanticipation,itcouldbetheearly1940s.

Icanseeadimfiguresittingunderthewingofa Spitfire,chewingastrawofgrass,justsitting,just waiting.Aghostlyfigurecrouchesbesidemetoawait thereturnofanRAFsurplusTigerMoth.Thepopping oftheAusterexhaustmeltsawaymydream."Now straightenup,rightrudder,that'sit.fullflap,youare leavingtheflaptoolate—ahthat'sbetter.Roundout, pause,checkthesink,you'releavingitabitlate,ah landingattitude,agentletouchdown."

IalwaystalktomyselfwhenIwatchastudentland. TheAusterturnsleftandwaddlesbackalongtheedge oftherunway.Anothergoggledeyed,can'tbelieveit, studenthasjustexperiencedhisfirstsolo.

Photo:MikeGrigson

JohnBeeswax's VINTAGE NEWS

Optimists'corner

Despitethegloomladenatmospherebroughtonby thelackofSundayflyingandrumoursofpetrol rationing,Beeswaxrefusestobedismayedandlooks forwardtopublicationdate,whenwarm,Southerly breezesofSpringwinsweepawaythewinterweather, thesunwillshineonouroldrockercoversandallthe problemswhichpresentlybesetOURaviationwill havevanished.Notwithstandingtheenforcedcancellationofour'SnowballRallyinJanuarytherest ofVintageAircraftispublishedbelow.

VINTAGEAIRCRAFTCLUB—1974CALENDAR

Dale EventPlace&Programme

Mar.30thA.G.M.& TB.N. (Sat.) Dinner/Dance

April14thVintageEaster Finmere (Sun.) Rally

May12thB.L.A.C.RallyGoodwood (Sun.)

May18/19 Blackbushe Sat./Stin.

June8/9CrossChannelAshford—Burke— Sat./Sun.Patrol Sur—merandnight stop.

June15thFleetAirArmR.N.A.SYeovilton (Sat.)DiamondJubilee —HistoricAir Display.

July P.F.A.Inter- Sywell 5/6/7 nationalRally F8

July14thVintageClub OldWarden (Sun.)10thAnniversary Rally

Aug.3/4BarbecueNight Finmere

Aug. 24/25p6SummerCamp T.B.N.

Sept.29thVV 74 WycombeAirPark (Sun.)

Oct. 6thVintageSpot OldWarden (Sun.)LandingCompetitions

Nov.22ndWinterSocial Oxford (Fri.)Evening,Royal OxfordHotel

(Fulldetailsofalltheaboveeveniswillbesentto VintageClubMembersnotlaterthan14dayspriorto thedateofMeeting.DuetoGovernmentregulations fromtimetotimeinforcetheVintageClubcannot guaranteethisprogrammeofeventsandcancellation mayoccuratshortnotice).

OurTenthAnniversary

AttheriskofboringyoutheVintageAircraftClub proudlyannouncesitstenthbirthday.Underthe avunculareyeofP.F.A.,ChairmanRoyMills,we startedintheSpringof1964withtwelvefounder membersandtenvintageaircraftrangingfroma beautifullyrestored1934HeathParasol(36hpBristol Cherub),totwosleekMilesWhitneyStraights.During theinterveningyearswehavegrownto134members with113vintagemachinesatthelasttally,soyouwill appreciatethatwefeelquitechuffedat our achievement.HappyBirthday,Chaps!

OxibrdinNovember

Thewintersocialeveningwasacheerfulsuccess withfifty-fiveofourmembersgatheringattheRoyal OxfordHoteltosipandsupbutmainlytoexchange gossipabouttheirVintageaircraft.Afterwhetting ourwhistles,wesettledintotheConferenceRoom whereChairmanCarlButlerwelcomedusandoutlinedourtenyearsofgrowth.Therewasapplausefor DouglasHallbeingpresentedwithhissilvertankard followinghisretirementfromtheCommittee.Douglas, whohadadistinguishedRoyalAirForcecareer, duringwhichhewasonetimeOfficerCommanding R.A.F.Finmere,ourpresentcentreofoperations. Despiteboutsofillhealth.Douglashasworkedhard ontheCommitteeandhasfoundtimetoflyhis BolkowtomostoftheVintageMeetingswhilerestoringhisD.H.GipsyMothG-ABAG.

Hon.Sec.TonyHarolddeservedlywonthe"IV).0. ThompsonMemorialPrize-forhighestmarksinthe 1973spotlandingseries,thefinalofwhichwasheld atOldWardenlastSeptember.Thesepresentations werefollowedbya30minutesound/colourfilmmade bytheB.B.C.oftheShuttleworthCollectionandin particulartheGermanLVGinairtoaircombatwith theBristolfighter.Muchofthefilmwastakenfrom thecockpitoftheBristol.TheLVGhaslinkswiththe VintageClubbutdetailsofthatstorylater.Oursincere thankstoCommitteeMemberPeterHarrisandhis channingwife,whoorganisedandshowedthisfascinatingstudyofairtoairpicturesbetweentwo historicaircraft.

Theeveningconcludedwithabuffetsupperwhile thehangardoorswerewellandtrulyopen.

TheRoseBowl

LastyearB.L.A.C.'sJohnBlakegenerouslydonated atrophytobepresentedannuallytothemember,who, intheopinionoftheVintageCommittee,hadworked hardestinthefieldofrestoringvintageaircraft.There beingmanycandidatesforthishonour,theCommittee'sjobofselectingonepersonwasatoughone, asyouwillappreciatewhenyouseethehighstandards ofrestorationthatareappliedtooldaircraftthese days.However,theunanimouschoiceforthepastyear wasPeterFranklinwhohasnotonlyrestoredaHornet MothandLeopardMothofhisown,buthas helped somanyotherre-builderswiththeirenginesandairframeparts.Hehasbecomeanexpertonoldengines andpassesonhisknowledgetoanyonerequiringhelp. AtributetohisskillistheShuttleworth's1917LVG whichispulledalongbyitsMercedezenginerebuilt byPeter.

Brakes

BeforethesecondWorldWarmostairfields,or landinggroundsastheywerethenknown,wereround. Thismeantthataeroplanescouldtake-offandland intowindwhichwasagoodthing.Consequentlyaircraftdesignersbuilttailwheelmachineswithverylittle capabilityforlandingcrosswind.Nowadayswithrunwaysandsensibletricycleundercarriages,crosswind take-offsandlandingsarealmosttheruleratherthan theexception.Sohowdoesthisaffectthevintage aircraftowner?Firstofallhehastocopewitha possiblecrosswindthathismachineisillequippedto doandsecondlyhisoldally,grassedturf,isfast disappearinginfavourofrunways.Ataildragger, havingnobrakes,reliesonitstailskidtodraginto theturf,bringingtheaircrafttoahaltandgiving

PopularFlying,March-April,1974

directionalstability.Thusalandingonarunway, eveninaslightcrosswind,in,sayaTigerMoth,is ratherahazardousaffairwhichcanleadtoaspectaculargroundloopandthefollowingwinterto repairthedamage.Notsurprisingthen,thatmany VintageClubMembersstipulateagrassrunwayinto windbeforeacceptingafly-ininvitation.Several Members,however,areexperimentallyfittingbrakes totheiraircrafttoimprovedirectionalcontrolatlow speedsandthereforeadapttomodernconditions. Reportsonthesetrialsarefavourable,andonone particulartype,groundloopingtendencieshavebeen eliminated,albeitgreatcautionmustbeexercisedto avoidanyharshbrakingthatwilltiptheaircraft smartlyonitsnose.

Neivshriefs.

TheVintageClubs'PR.manStuartHowehasjust returnedfromvisitingtheU.S.A.whereheflewon several"missions"withtheConfederateAirForce. These'rebels'reallydotheirvintageflyinginstyleand provethatoldaircraft,capableofflight,shouldnotbe keptinmuseums.Stuart'sair-toairphotographshows oneoftheC.A.F.'sfighters,aP38LockheedLightning modifiedasatwoseaterascanbeseenbythehappy facesinthecockpit.Luckyfellows.

***

GoodnewsontherebuildingfrontfromChairman CarlButler.HehascompletelyoverhauledandrecoveredthefuselageofhisCH3ChrisleaAce G-AKUW,andatthetimeofwritingheisworking onthestarboardwing.TheChrisleaAceisafour seaterpoweredbyaGypsyMajor10andhasaspan of36ft.withausefulloadof510lbs.—sowe're lookingforsomepassengerrides,Carl!

P.38LightningoftheConfederateAirForce

Photo:StuartHowe

fiVinnerofthe'`Ai.0.lhonipson AleniorialTrophy'.SpotLanding Series,TonyHarold(left)sharesa jokeilia,fellowconipentorPat Porringer.

THEPILOT'S23rdPSALM

CEIIvhocannotrenjemberthewise'anon' whogaveittohemtwentyyews'ago...

1'mm

Asthetelephoneoperatorwhogivethwrongnumbers,soishewhoextollethhisexploitsintheair.

Heshallenlargeuponthedangersofhisadventures, butinmysleeveshallbeheardthetinklingofsilvery laughter.

Letnotthyfamiliaritywithironbirdsbreed contempt,lestthoubecomeexceedinglycarelessata timewhengreatcareisnecessarytothywellbeing.

Myson,obeythelawandobserveprudence.Spin thounotlowerthan3000cubitsnorstuntabovethine owndomicile,forthehandofthelawisheavyand reachethfarandwidethroughouttheland.

Incurnotthewrathofthycommanderbybreaking therules,forhewhomakethright-handcircuitsshall becastoutintothewilderness.

Letnotthyprowessintheairpersuadetheethat otherscannotdoevenasthoudoest,forhethat showethoffinpublicplacesisanabominationunto hisfellowpilots.

Morepraiseworthyishewhocantouchwheelsto earthgentlythenhewholoopethandrollethtillsome damselstaresinamazementathisdaring.

Hewhobreakethanundercarriageinaforced landingmayintimebeforgivenbuthewhotaxieth intoanotherironbirdshallbedespisedforever.

Bewarethemanwhotakethoffwithoutlooking behindhim,forthereisnohealthinhim:verilyIsay untohim,hisdaysshallbeasshortevenashewho flyethincu-nim.

Clevermentakethereproofsoftheirinstructorin thesamewise,onelikeuntoanother,confessingtheir follyandregardingthemselveswithhumour.Yetthey tryagain,profitingbywisecouncilandtakingoffence atoughtthathasbeensaid.Asapostagestampthat lackethgluesoarethewordsofcautiontoafool; theysticknot,goinginoneearandouttheotherfor thereisnothingbetweentostopthem.

Myson,hearkenuntomyteaching,andforsakenot thelawsofprudence,fortherecklessshallnotinhabit theearthforlong.

Hearinstructionandbewise,andrefuseitnot. Thusshaltthouflysafely,lengthofdays,andalifeof peaceshallbeaddeduntothee.

PopularFlying,March-April,1974

Photo.AlanChalkley

TheChairotanpresentsDouglasHull withasilvertankcov!tomarkhicretirementiron?theConiminee.

Photo:StuartHowe

IVPSQUADRON I

Thetimehascomeonceagaintoputpentopaper andgiveyouthenewsinVokesplanecircles.There hasn'tbeenanynewsletterslatelybecauseI'mbeing keptinthedarkaboutYOURprogress.Don'tbeshy, shareyourproblemsandsuccesseswiththeothersso thatwecanbemadeinspiredandhelpedalong.

ManyVPbuildersarebuildingtheiraircraftwith theintentionofkeepingitathomeandtowingittoa fieldtofly.Nodoubtthoseofyouwhohavestudied theplanswillseethatthede-riggingoftheaircraftis notsoeasyaswasfirstthought.Therearegoingto havetobemods.tomakeitasafeprocedure.Oneof theitemstobeconsideredisthecablerunfromthe controlcolumntothewings.MayIaskthosebuilders whohavegiventhisproblemtheirthouahts,thatthey sendthemtoincforforwardingtotheEngineering sectionforapproval.

Aproblemthateffectsall,iswheretoflyfrom—The licensedaerodromeispricingitselfoutofthefun flyers'market.Wemustthereforefindourselves PrivateStrips.Theseseemfewandfarbetween.As someofyouknowIamheadingacommitteetolook intotheuseofstripsforPFAmembers,andtoperhaps findaPFAaerodrome.Todoagoodjobofthis,we needYOURhelp.Lookaroundyourlocalareaand seeifthereareanysuitablefields,andperhapsfindout whotheowneris,thenletusknowsothatwecan followitup.

ItismywishtoupdatetheVPBritishEquivalent listformaterials.Ishouldliketohearfromthose builderswhohavehadmaterialapprovedwhichwas notshownonthepreviouslist.Itwouldalsobea greathelpiftheycouldsaywheretheygotitfrom.

Perhapsthenwecouldproduceasuppliers'listfor

VPmaterial.WedohaveasuppliertotheSquadron ofsetsofHingesandRudderbushes.Thesupplieris buildingaVPIandispreparedtomakeuptheseitems ifthereisenoughdemand.

Thewriter'smachineisploddingaloneveryslowly, butweexpectthingstospeedupsoon.Thereasonis thatatlonglastthe-hangar"inmygardenisbeginningtotakeshape,thankstothehelpofthePFA Berks.strut,whohavebeenagreathelpproviding equipmentandtoStuMcKaywhohelpedtoshift6 Tonofballastontothesite.Itshouldbereadyforuse soon.

Itwon'tbelongnowtoJulyandSywell'74,let's hopetheweatherandfuelsituationiskindtous,so thatwecanaetofftheground.

JOHNDUNFORD.

AMATEURBUILDER'SQUIZNo.III

Compiledbi

G.W.Bisshopp,T.Eng.,A.R.Ae.S.,A.F.S.L.A.E.T.

I.Testingofwoodadhesiveshouldbecarriedout: whenaskedforbyaninspector eachtimeanewbatchofadhesiveor hardenerisobtained eachtimetheadhesiveismixed

2.Astiffnutcanbeused: onceonly untilitispossibletoscrewthenutontoanew boldbyhand indefinitely,providedthenutiscorrectly torqueloaded

3.Whenusingthebrushapplicationmethodof applyingdope,theminimumtimebetweencoats is: 30minutes 2hours 12hours

4.Formationofawhiteprecipitatewhenmetal particlesaresubjectedtoanitricacidtest indicatesthepresenceof:

6.Theeffectofwateronarunwaywillbe: toshortenthetakeoffrun

tolengthenthetakeoffrun

(e)toincreasetherotationspeed

7.Agroovecutintothecornersofahexagonalnut midwaybetweenitsfacesindicatesthatitis: anaircraftstandardnut

ahightensilesteelnuthavingaBAorBSF thread anutsuitableforusewithashearbolt

8.Analtimeterisoperatedby:

ananeroidcapsulesensitivetopitotpressure ananeroidcapsulesensitivetostaticpressure ananeroidcapsulesensitivetobothpitotand staticpressure

9.ThepurposeofFriseaileronsisto: reduceadverseyaw reducecontrolloads preventflutter

10.AeronauticalInformationCircularsareissued: (a) stainlesssteel (a) asrequired

(b) bronze monthly aluminiumalloy (c) weekly

5.Therivetallowanceforformingaflatheadona lightalloyrivetis:

ThecockpitsectionqfRobertLowe'sVPI

ABCDEFGHIJK

G-ACTIJ

Sir, InyourissueforMay-June1973,page8,you publishedaphotographofAirCommodoreProbyn's MilesHawk,G-ACHJ,withthecaption"somewhere inEngland.Doesanyoneknowwhere?"

Nodoubtyouhavelongagoreceivedtheanswer, butincaseyouhaven't,Icansaythatthereislittle doubtthatitistheR.A.E.Farnborough,forthe buildingsinthebackgroundofthephotographare easilyresoanisableasthoseoftheR.A.E.Intherow oflock-upscanbeseenmodifieddouble-opening doorstoaccommodatetheClubaeroplane.

Thedatewouldbe1933orearly1934,whentheAir Commodore,thenaWingCommander,wasastaff officeratH.Q.22Group.AsafitterinStationflightI flewwiththeAirCommodoreandIwellremember himhavinghisHawkinourhangarononeoccasion whenhewasworkingonthefuelsystem.

lndicentally,aboutthesametimewehousedand servicedG-AAYW,thelateBatchy'Atcherley's'areen AvroAvianSportsmonoplane,perhapssomeofyour readersmayrememberthisaeroplane.

Yoursfaithfully, E.A.SHIPMAN.

FromStrutNewsletters—IpswichStrut Pilots'Notes1911

Backintheolddaysoperatinginstructionsforaircraftwererelativelysimple.Thefollowingisquotedas anexcerptfromtheoperatinginstructionsissuedwith the1911GlennCurtiss'Pusher'Airplane.

Theaeronautshouldseathimselfintheapparatus, andsecurehimselffirmlytothechairbymeansofthe strapprovided.Ontheattendantcrying'contact'the aeronautshouldclosetheswitchwhichsupplies electricalcurrenttothemotor,thusenablingthe attendanttosetthesameinmotion.

Openingthecontrolvalveofthemotor,theaeronautshouldatthesametimefirmlygraspthevertical stickorcontrolpolewhichistobefounddirectly beforethechair.Thepowerfromthemotorwillcause thedevicetorollgentlyforward,andtheaeronaut shouldgovernitsdirectionofmotionbyuseofthe rudderbars.

Whenthemechanismisfacingintothewind,the aeronautshouldopenthecontrolvalveofthemotor toitsfullestextentatthesametimepullingthecontrol poletowardshis(theaeronaut's)middleanatomy.

Whensufficientspeedhasbeenattained,thedevice willleavethegroundandassumethepositionof aeronauticalascent.

Shouldtheaeronautdecidetoreturntoterrafirma, heshouldclose the controlvalveofthemotor.This willcausetheapparatustoassumewhatisknownas the'glidingposition',exceptinthecasesofthose flyingmachineswhichareinherentlyunstable.These latterwillassume the positionknownas'involuntary spin'andwillreturntoearthwithoutfurtheraction onthepartoftheaeronaut.

Onapproachingcloselytothechosenfieldor terrain,theaeronautshouldmovethecontrolpole gentlytowardhimself,thuscausingthemechanismto alightmoreorlessgentlyon'terraErma'.

Sir,

GLIDERSFORTHEHOMEBUILDER

AsadevoteetothesportofglidingIfeelImust takeissuewithMr.Topoverhisletterpublishedin yourlastissue.

Likemostsportsthe'returns'inaliding.areproportionaltowhatonc'putsin,'bethisinputby effortorfinancialsupport.InallIdon'tthinkthat consideringglidingas'cheapflying'iseitherdesirableorfair.Itsohappensthatglidingrequires adifferentratiooffinancetoeffortcomparedwith poweredflyingandtherewardsareofadifferent nature.Also,moneycanbeusedasasubstitutefor effortandvice-versadependantonone'spersonal interests(andpocket).

Tomeglidingisrewardinginmanyfacetsfrom homebuildingtocompetitionflyingandIfeelyour correspondentisunfairinhiscriticismthatthe B.G.A.isnarrowmindedlycompetitionorientated. Competitionorganisationisprobablytheactivity whichgainsmostpublicitysincethisisa'showcase' areawhichrequiresconsiderableorganisation.However,itshouldberememberedthatthisisonlyone ofavarietyofactivitiesundertheB.G.A.'scontrol, whereastheP.F.A.isable,single-mindedly,topursuethecauseofhomebuiltaircraft.

ForthepasttwoyearsIhavebeencloselyinvolved withthecertificationoftwohomebuiltsailplane DESIGNS,theHolmesKH-1andtheManual Hawk,andIhavefoundtheB.G.A.technicalcommitteetobe,inallrespects,ashelpfulandprogressive astheirpositionwouldallow.Bothsailplanesare nowflyinginexperimental'categoriesinentirely similarcircumstancestoP.F.A.permitaircraft. Eachsailplanehasbeenconstructedformaterial costsoftheorderofsixtoeighthundredpounds.

TheNationalglidingbodyisnotabletoproduce referencetohomebuiltdesignssinceatpresenta designsuitableforhomeconstructioninaconfigurationofsufficientlywideappealisnotavailable. Itshouldberealisedthatglidersrequiremuchwider designchangesfordifferingrolesthanlightpowered aircraftanditisimpossibletosatisfytheentire marketwithonedesign.Inthesecircumstancesone canonlyhopethatpioneeringworkonhomebuilt designswillcontinue.Therearenowsignsthat, withinthenextyearorsoseveraldesignswillcome tofruition.

Yourssincerely, H.A.TORODE.

19aHIGHSTREET, EMBERTON,BUCKS.

THANKS,STU!

Membersandreaders,

I'msureyouwouldalljoinmeinthankingStuart McKayfortheservicehehasgivenusinbeingEditor ofourmagazinePopularFlying;thisjournalisthe onlycommunicationbetweenus,thebuildersandthe rebuilders.Ithasbeenbuiltuptoitspresentimage onlybytheunselfishdedicationofStuart,hehas foregonetoagreatextenttherebuildingofhisaircraft,bothamateurconstructionandvintage,andI'm sureonlywithgreatreluctancehedecideditwastime forhimtohandoverhiseditorshipsothathecould nowconcentrateonhisrebuildingprojects.

PopularFlying,March-April,1974

2WYGGESTONROAD, ROTTESFORD, NOTTINGHAM,NG13ODB.

IknowthatStuart'spenwillnotbeabletoresist theoccasionalarticleinPopularFlying,andIconvey mythankstotheneweditor(editors—Ed.)fortaking onajobwiththethoughtthattoimproveonStuart's effortswouldindeedbeagreattask,butwecanall help,it'seasytoputpentopaperandletyourmagazine,PopularFlying,knowallyouraviationnews. rmasinterestedbywhatyouaredoingasyoumay beinwhatI'mdoing,sonowdon'twait—write—it's easy.

Yourssincerely, REXCOATES.

ALPHAONE

Sir, TheAlphaOneFlyingGroubwasbornonthe2nd October,1973inapublichouseinOldWarden,avery convenientplaceasthenewbornebabewasvery thirsty!

TheChristeningwasthesameday,soaftercelebratingthebirthwehadaChristeningparty.One memberwantedthegrouptobecalledthe"AlfA NotheroneGroup-.

WehavepurchasedaJodelDI20whichistobe operatedfromOldWarden,whereitwaspreviously based.Theaircrafthasbeenteansfertedfromafull Cat.C-of-AtoaspecialCat.C-of-A.Duringthework forthischangeitwasnoticedthatthepropellerwas ill,unfortunatelyithassincediedandwearegrounded untilwecangetanotherone.Wehavetriedtheusual sourceswithoutsuccess—anyoffers!

Wehavetenmembersatpresentandhavedecided tohaveanupperlimitoftwelve,whichwefeelisan optimumnumberforreasonablecostwithoutover utilisation.

Wehavebeenverypleasedwiththeflyingwehave doneintheaircraftandwearelookingforwardtoa goodseasonthisyear,petrolpermitting.

Yoursfaithfully,

J. NICHOLLS.

AUSTERS

DearSirs, MayIbegspaceinyourcolumnsonbehalfofour Memberswhoaredesperatelyendeavouringtokeep Austersflying?

WewouldliketohearfromanyreadersofPopular FlyingwhomayhaveAusterpartsandsparesforsale atareasonableprice,andfromanyonewhohasan Austerforsaleorknowswhereoddairframesmaybe lying,neglected.

Everythingserviceablewouldbeconsideredaswe havemanyMemberswhoarekeentohelprestoresome ofthesegrandvintageaeroplanes.

MyjobasSparesSecretaryfortheAusterPilot Clubistocollectallinformationonsparesandmake itavailabletoourMenThers,andsoeverythingwould beconsideredinordertomakeourmonthlyspareslist ascomprehensiveaspossible.

Wedo,ofcourse,welcomeeveryonetoMembership whohasflownandenjoyedourtypeofaeroplane,not merelyowners,andsomayIextendthisinvitationto readerswhomightwishtorenewtheiracquaintance andthoseyettomakeanacquaintancewiththe Austeraeroplane.

Yourssincerely,

DON'TFORGET SYWELLSEVENTYFOUR

JULY5th,6th,7th,1974

CHEAPFLYING!

Sir, IwasmostinterestedtoreadMr.Top'sletterin yourDecemberissueundertheheading"IsGliding CheapFlying?"Mr.Top'smainconcernseemsto bethatthe'aircraftclubmember'isbeingsqueezed outoftheglidingmovementbycompetitionpilots andownersofexpensivesyndicatemachines;and thatflyingforfunhasnoplaceinthemoderngliding club.

Thisreallyisn'ttrue.Inanysporttherearepeople whocanaffordtospendmoretimeandmoneythan others,andthesepeople—provided,ofcourse,they canalsoboastofacertainaptitude—willnaturally tendtorisetothetop.That'sthewayoftheworld, andmostclubmembersareabletoenjoytheirsport withoutmorethanapassingtwingeofenvyattheir morefortunatecolleagues.Mr.Top'sfatherwould probablyhavegivenhisrightarmforasinglecircuit inaSkylarkDJ,letaloneforasoaringflightofan hour,whichisthelimitplacedonmanyclubaircraft otherthanforbona-fidecertificateattempts.In factthefacilitiesavailabletoclubmembersinmost clubsofanysizetodayareexcellent.Takingmyown clubasanexample—andareasonablytypicalone— considerthis:

Inthefirstplan,apupiliscateredforbytheprovisionofthreeglidertypestoseehimthrough hisdualtraining:T21'sforbasicwork,T49 andBlanickforpostsolotraining.Hecanthen progressviaaSwallowtoSkylarkIVandincidentallygetclearedtoflyT49andBlanicksolo. Thosewishingtomakecertificateattempts— height,duration,crosscountries—aregiven priority, and payverymuchreducedrates.For theseattempts(normalpricesupto2hours,then free). Anysolopilotisatperfectlibertytopotter aboutthesky.withoutanyneedwhatsoeverto "worryaboutbeatingthenextchap,-solong ashecomesdownafteranhour,anditwillhave costhim£2.10,ifhetookawinchlaunchtostart with.

Theseactivitiesarcthenucleusofanyclub,and theglassshipcontestpilotsareaminority.Don't forget,either,thatthctimeandmoneythatenable afewpilotstoindulgeinthisclassofflyingalsoenable manyofthemtocontributeconsiderablevoluntary efforttothemanagementofclubsandalsoofthe B.G.A.itself.

Theabilitytoflyglidersforfunisreadilyavailable, ifonlyonestopslookingoverone'sshoulderatthe otherchap.IhaveasneakyfeelingthatIwouldbe arealwowatdrivingaDinoFerrari.butIcanstill getalotoffunout of mygrottyoldA40.

Yoursfaithfully, RICHARDPITMAN.

DAVIDJ.PRATT. 35LINCIEMEREAVENUE, SALIDEAN,SUSSEX.

KENTGLIDINGCLUB, CfIALLOCK.

FRANKPARKER PROPELLERS

Apencil,aruler,areallyouneedtooptimiseatepropellerfor.Fouraircraft....

Rightupuntilthejetera,considerableresearchwas beingcarriedoutintothesubjectofpropellerdesign andperformance.Asaresultofthis,propellerdesign isoneofthemoreexactoftheaeronauticalsciences. Unfortunately,theadventofthejetaircrafthas resultedinadeclineinthenwnberofpeoplewho mightbesaidtohaveexpertknowledgeofpropellers. Thissituationmaynotperturbthelargeaircraft manufacturersbutisofsomeconsequencetomembers ofthePFAwhoarebeingforcedtomanufacturetheir ownpropellers—generallyonthe'madetopattern' arrangementwithoutrecoursetothevastamountof technicalknowhowwhichisavailable.

IntheUSAinthenineteen-twenties,FredE.Weik, thenoftheNACA,carriedoutagreatdealofresearch intopropellerperformance.Hedevelopedtheideaof plottingtwonon-dimensionalco-efficientsonagraph insuchawaythattheresultscouldeasilybeextended topropellersofsimilargeometrybutdifferingdimensions.Thisthenisthebasisoftheaccompanying chart,whichhasbeenplottedfromwindtunneltests carriedoutpre-warundertheauspicesoftheaeronauticalResearchCouncilbyC.N.H.Lock,H. BatemanandH.L.NixonoftheNPLandwhichwere recordedinRandM1673.

Thenon-dimensionalco-efficientswhichareplotted aretheadvancedratioJandthespeed-powercoefficientCs.Soasnottodeternon-mathematical readers,thesequantitieswillnotbedefinedinthis article.Sufficeitistosayatthismomentthatonthe accompanyingchartwehavevaluesofCsplotted againstJforvaryingvaluesoftheratioofpitchto diameterforaseriesofpropellers.Alsoplottedagainst Csarevaluesoftheefficiencyforthevariouspropellersofdifferingpitchtodiameterratios.Inorder tosimplifythecalculationsofthequantityCsandto subsequentlyobtainthepropellerdiameter—whichis theendproductoftheexercise—twomonograms havebeenincorporatedintothechart.Theuseofthese isasfollows:

Usingarulerorotherstraightedge,jointhe enginerpmonscale'A'throughtheairspeedon scale`13'tothereferenceline'C'.Makeamarkon thereferencelineatthepointofintersectionand thenjointhispointofintersectionthroughthe enginebrakehorsepoweronscale'D'tothescale Csonthegraph.NotethevalueofCs.Follow thisvalueofCsverticallytothetopofthechart andchoosethecurvewhichshowsthehighest efficiency forourvalueofCs.Notethepitch todiameterratiogivenbythecurvesubscripte.g.

0.7orI25.Havingidentifiedthepitchtodiameterratio,whichgivesthebestefficiency,return l8

tothelowergraphandidentifythecurvebearing thesamepitchtodiameterratio.Againmoveup fromtheestablishedvalueofCsandfindthe intersectionpoint;movetothelefthandsection ofthegraph(thatistheJscalevalueswhichare givenontherighthandside)andjointhispoint tothereferencelineFthroughtheenginerpmon scaleE.Marktheintersectionpointonreference lineFandthenjointhispointthroughtheairspeedonscaleGandreadoffthepropellerdiameteronscaleH.

Theproceduremaysoundcomplicatedbutinfact takesonlyafewsecondstoworkthroughaspecific example.Thechartcanalsobeusedtoestablishgiven bhpandrpmforparticularflightconditions—specific examplesofthisoperationbeinggivenbelow.

Itmustbeemphasisedthattheresultsonlyapplyto apropellerhavingtheconfigurationshowninthe bottomlefthandcornerofthechart.However,itwill befoundthatthemajorityofwoodenpropellers conformtothesevitalstatistics—certainlyintheouter threequartersofthebladeradius—andthisisthe criticalarea.Thechartcanalsobeusedtogiveagood approximationtoperformanceforpropellersofother chord—todiameterratiosbyscalingupordownthe bhpscaleaccordingly.Thefollowingworkedexamples shouldclarifythemethodofuse:

ExampleI

APFAmemberhasbuiltaTurbulentandfittedit withaVWengine,producingamodest30bhpat 3,000rpm.Heappreciatedthathisclimbislikelytobe marginalandrequiredtoknowtheoptimumpropeller configurationtogivehimthemaximumrateofclimb. Byenquiryhehasfoundthattheoptimumclimbing speedfortheaircraftisapproximately55mph.

Solution:

Join3,000rpmonscaleAthrough55mphonscale Btothereferenceline,andthenjointheintersection atthereferencelinethrough30bhponscaleDtogive thevalueofCsof0-72onthegraph.Followthisvalue of0-72tothetopmostcurvesonthegraph,which indicatethatthebestefficiencyof66%willbegiven byapropellerofpitch-to-diameterratio0-5.Onthe lowerpartofthegraphtheintersectionofCs=0.72 withthecurveforpitchtodiameterratio0.5occursat J-0-342.Jointhispointonthelefthandscaleofthe graph,through3,000rpmonscaleEtothereference lineF,andthenfromtheintersectionpointwithscale Fthrough55mphonscaleG;thenreadofftherequiredpropellerdiameterof4.7ftonscaleII.The requiredpropelleristherefore4-7ftindiameterby 2-35ftpitch. (continuedonpage20)

Havingestablishedapropellerthatgivesbest climbingefficiency,thenextstageisobviouslyto determinehoweffectivethepropellerisgoingtobe inthecruiseconfiguration.Toobtainthisinformation usuallyrequirestwoorthreesuccessiveapproximationsfromthechartbutthemethodisstraightforwardandshouldbeobviousbytheexamplebelow.

Example2:

InthecaseoftheaboveTurbulentthecruisingspeed isspecifiedas70mphat75%power.Whatarethe enginerpmcorrespondingtothispower?

Solution:

Requiredbhpis75%x30=22-5bhp.Itisnow necessaryto'guesstimate'avalueforenginerpm. Assumeavalueof2,700rpminitially.Join2,700rpm onscaleAthrough70mphonscaleBandmarkthe intersectionwiththereferencelineonscaleC.

Now,workingfromtheestablishedpropellerdiameterof4-7ftonscaleH,jointhispointthrough 70mphonscaleGtothereferencelineF,thenjoin thisintersectionthrough2,700rpmonscaleDto obtainthevalueofJof•498.FollowthisvalueofJ alongthehorizontalaxisuntilitintersectswiththe curveforpitchtodiameter=•5andthenfollowthe curveverticallydownwardstofindthecorresponding valueofCsat•938.Now,usingthestraightedge, jointhisvalueofCs=•938tothepreviouslymarked intersectiononscaleGandreadofftheenginepower onscaleDas20bhpinthiscase.Thisimpliesthatthe engineisnotrunningsufficientlyfasttoprovidethe required22.5bhp.Afurthercomputationwillthereforebenecessarytoestablishthepreciserpminthis particularcase.Inordertoassesstherevisedvalueof rpmagoodruleofthumbistoaddortosubtractfrom therpmone-Thirdofthepercentageerrorthatwehave inthebhpcase.Forexample,inthiscasewefindthat 20bhpisconsumedwhereaswerequire22.5bhp,i.e. another114orsopercent.Weshouldthereforeadd between3%and4%totherpmandmakeafurther computationat2,800rpmwhichwillgiveagood match.

Ifapropellerhasbeenselectedonthebasisofthe fullthrottleclimbasabove,thenthedeterminationof itsoperatingconditionsduringcruisearerelatively easy.However,theconverseisnotquitesosimple. Thisisbecauseanengineiscapableofproducingless thanthemaximumhpatanyrpmsettingupto maximum.Ifhoweverwehavespecifiedapropeller forcruisingconditionsthentheresultingpropeller maywellnotenabletheenginetoproduceitsmaximumrpmandpoweroutputattherequiredclimbing speed.Wethereforehavetwounknownstojuggle with,boththeenginerpmandthebhp.Inordertobe abletoassessthepropellerperformanceduringthe climbweideallyrequireacurveoftheenginebhpat fullthrottleagainsttherpm.Forthemajorityof enginesthisisunlikelytobeavailabletotheamateur. Forourpurposeshoweverasufficientlyaccuratecurve maybeproducedbysimplyassumingthattheengine bhpatfullthrottleisproportionaltotheenginespeed, andwecanthereforeproduceourownenginedataby simplydrawingastraightlinegraphwhichgoes throughzerobhpatzerorpm,tothemaker'sspecified bhpandrpm.Wecanthenreadofftheavailablebhp againstenginerpmatfullthrottle.Theexamplebelow willmakecleartheproceduretobefollowedinthis case.

Example 3:

AnamateurconstructorhasbuiltaTurbulent andfittedthiswithaVWengineproducing45bhp at3,300rpmatfullthrottle.Theaircrafthasbeen fittedwithacanopyandtheproudowneranticipates thathewillbeabletoobtainacruisingspeedof 20

90mphon75%power(34bhp)at3,300rpm.Followingthenormalselectionprocedure,using3,000rpm 34bhpand90mphgivesavalueforCsof1.13,at whichwehaveachoiceofpropellerswithpitchto diameterratiosofeither1or•7,bothhavingabout thesameefficiency.Asthepropellerofpitchtodiameterratio•7willhavethehigherefficiencyatthe lowervaluesofCs—thatisintheclimb—wewill choosetheratioof•7.Forthepropellerofpitchto diameter•7,thevalueofJcorrespondingtoCs=1.13, is•59.Followingthisvaluethroughairspeedandrpm, wearriveatapropellerdiameterof4.5ft.,efficiency being77%.

Toestablishthepropellerperformanceintheclimb, requiresonceagainarepeatedprocessofsuccessive approximations.Theclimbingspeedisassumedtobe 60mph.Tryavalueof3,300rpmandworkingfrom thelefthandnomogramwithapropellerdiameterof 4.5onscaleGwearriveatavalueatJof•36.The correspondingvalueofCsis68fortheP/D=0.7 curve.NowjoinrpmandairspeedonscalesAandB tothereferencelineCaspreviouslyandnotethe intersectionpoint.JointhistothevalueofCsof•68 onthegraphandreadoffthecorrespondingvalueof requiredhorsepower.Itwillbefoundthatthisspeed andpropellercombinationwouldrequiretheengine toprovide52bhpat3,300rpm.Clearlythisismore thantheenginecando,andwemustthereforeapply ourruleofthumbdescribedinapreviousparagraph andmakesuccessiveapproximationsuntilwegeta valueofrpmandbhpthatwillfittheengineperformancecurveasoutlinedabove.

Tryavalueofrpm=3,000.Againworkingfroma propellerdiameterof4.5ft.,wearriveatavalueofJ of•395withacorrespondingvalueforCsof•74. Followingtheprocedurethrough,wefindthatthe requiredbhpis40.Ifthereaderhastakenthetrouble toconstructacurveofbhpagainstrpmasdescribed inthetext,itwillbeseenthatthisisagoodmatchfor theenginecharacteristic.Therefore,intheclimbcase forthisparticularpropellerandenginecombination— andat60mphairspeed,theenginewillbeproducing only40bhpat3,000rpmwithapropellerefficiencyof 66%

Athigherspeeditwillbefoundthattheengine wouldbeproducingmorebhpandatspeedsof70or somphverynearlythefullratedhorsepowerwould beavailablefromtheengine.However,itmustbe borneinmindthatinmostaircraftamodestincrease inforwardspeedproducesanextremelyhighincrease intherequiredhorsepower,andinthisparticularcase flyingtheaircraftat70mphmaywellresultinalower rateofclimbthanat60mph.

DesignwithRestrictedPropellerDiameter

Therearecertainapplicationsinwhichitisnot possibletofitapropellerofoptimumdiameter.For example,amachinehavingatailmountedpusher propeller,oragyroplane.Insuchcasesaconventional computationshouldbecarriedouttoensurethatthe optimumpropellercannotbefitted.Thefollowing procedureaslaidoutinthenextexampleshould thereforebecarriedout:

Example 4:

Anamateurconstructedgyroplaneisfittedwitha VWenginecapableofproducing60bhpat4,000rpm. Themaximumdiameterpropellerwhichcanbefitted is50inches=4.17ft.Thebestclimbingspeedisknown tobe50mph.

Solution:

Startingwithapropellerdiameterof4.17fton scaleGandusinganairspeedof50mphat4,000rpm, givesusavalueofJof-265.FollowingthisvalueofJ

horizontallyacrossthegraphindicatedthatthe optimumpitchtodiameterratiowouldbe.5,giving anefficiencyof58%andavalueofCs=545.Nowas previouslywelayoutonscalesAandBthevalueof rpmandairspeedtogiveusanintersectionpointon scaleC.JointheintersectionpointonscaleCtoCs-545—whichindicatethattherequiredpoweris45 bhp.Now,wecannotruntheengineabove4,000rpm toproduceahigherpower,sotheonlycoursewhichis opentousistoincreasethepropellerbladearea,and thereforeinthiscasethepropellerchordisincreased atallstationsbytheratioof60+45=1.33.We thereforeendupwithapropellerwho's'solidity'is greaterthanforconventionalaircraftdesigns.

Theaboveworkedexamplesshouldenableany amateurtobeabletodecideuponasuitablepropeller forhisaircraft.However,thereareafewpointswhich shouldbemadeclearatthisstage.Apopularmisconceptionamongsttheaviationfraternityisthat fittingacoarserpitchpropellertoanaircraftwillmake itgofaster.Aswasmentionedabovearelativelysmall increaseinaircraftspeedrequiresaveryconsiderable increaseinthepower,andifthepropellerselectedas abovegivesareasonableefficiencyinthecruisingconfiguration,thengoingtoacoarserpitchisunlikelyto improvethesituation—andindeed.maywellmakeit worse.

Itmustbepointedoutthattheefficienciesgiven abovearethoseobtainedfromapropelleralone.The

factthatapropellerisdragginganaircraftalong behindit(orpushingitalong),willgenerallyreduce theefficiencybyanamountwhichisoftheorderof 2.5%to5%formostofthelikelyamateurdesignsof thepresentgeneration.However,thecloserapropellerisfittedtoalargediameterobject,thelowerthe efficiencywillbe.Forexample,acowledradialengine runningathighspeedandmountedimmediately behindasmalldiameterpropelleCmaywellreducethe efficiencyby10%ormore.

Thepresenceofthefuselagebehindthepropeller meansthatthefuselageisoperatingintheslipstream, andisthereforesubjecttoahigherflowvelocitythan therestoftheaircraft.Ithasbeenfoundexperimentallythatthedragoftheaircraftinthewakeofthe propellerisincreasedinaproportionwhichisdependentuponthethrustratioofthepropeller—inother words—thecoarserthepitchofthepropellerfora givendiameter,thegreaterwillbethefuselagedrag. Whenassessingpropellerefficienciesthisisafactor whichisverydifficulttotakeintoaccountandisthe reasonwhyinthecurvesabove,theefficienciesare thosegivenforthepropelleralone.

Finally.IwouldliketoextendmythankstoMrs. V.BradshawoftheAeronauticalResearchCouncil Libraryforherhelpinprovidingcopiesofout-ofprint article.

documentsusedinthepreparationofthis

DATES

BEYOUROWN TESTPILOT byJohnPothecary

Whenyouraircrafthasbeensignedoffbyyour Inspector,thePEAwillissueaTestPermit.

Foranewlyconstructedaircraft,fivehours'test andprovingflyingiscalledfor;butinthecaseofa C-of-Arenewal,asatisfactorytestflightonlyisrequired.Ineithercase,youraeroplane—whichatthis stagedoesnothaveavalidC-of-A,isflownunder whattheCAAcall'A'conditions.Theseareas follows:—

1.Theaircraftshallbeeitheranaircraftinrespect ofwhichacertificateofairworthinessorvalidationhaspreviouslybeeninforceunderthe provisionsoftheOrder(ANO1970)oranaircraftidenticalindesignwithanaircraftinrespect ofwhichsuchacertificateisorhasbeeninforce.

Theaircraftshallflyonlyforthepurposeof enablingitto: qualifyfortheissueorrenewalofacertificcateofairworthinessorofthevalidation thereofortheapprovalofamodificationof theaircraft,afteranapplicationhasbeen madeforsuchissue,renewal,validationor approval,asthecasemaybe: or proceedtoorfromaplaceatwhichany inspection,testorweighingoftheaircraftis totakeplaceforapurposereferredtoin b-parauraph(a).

3.Theaircraftanditsenginesshallbecertifiedas fitforflightbytheholderofalicenceasanaircraftmaintenanceengineerentitledinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofSchedule4tothis Ordersotocertify,orbyapersonapprovedby theBoardforthepurposeofissuingcertificates underthiscondition.

4.Theaircraftshallcarrytheminimumflightcrew specifiedinanycertificateofairworthinessor validationwhichhaspreviouslybeeninforce underthisOrderinrespectoftheaircraft,oris orhaspreviouslybeeninforceinrespectofany otheraircraftofidenticaldesign. *

5.Theaircraftshallnotcarryanypassengersor cargoexceptpassengersperformingdutiesinthe aircraftinconnectionwiththeflight. *

6.Theaircraftshallnotflyoveranycongested areaofacity,townorsettlementexcepttothe extentthatItisnecessarytodosoinorderto takeofffromorlandataGovernmentaerodromeinaccordancewithnormalaviation practice.

7.WithoutprejudicetotheprovisionsofArticle 17(2)ofthisOrder,theaircraftshallcarrysuch

Theaeroplaneshouldbeloadedtowithin88-821.'<„ ofAUWandtheC-of-Gnotedatthatweight.

Noduplicateinspectionofcontrolsiscalledfor underPFArequirements,soyouwouldbewell advisedtomakeacheckonallcontrolrunsandjoints afteryourInspector—eventhoughyoumayhave alreadycarriedoutthisworktoyourownsatisfaction.

Don'tforgetthatacheckonthefuelflowiscalled forifyouhavealteredorrenewedanypartofthefuel system.

Havingassuredyourselfthattheaircraftisinsured againstThirdPartyliability:thatthesafetyharnessis goingtoholdyouinplace,andthatyouhaveavalid testpermit—and,ifyouraeroplanedoesnothavea fuselageorcentresectionframeworkaboveyourhead, acrashhat;youcanbegin.

Carryoutanormalexternalcheck.Controlsand TrimsfullandfreemovementANDINTHECORRECTSENSE.Anassessmentofstaticfrictioninthe controlscanalsobemadeatthistime.

Weassumethatifyouhavefittedaneworuntried enginethatyouwillhavecarriedoutlivehours'!Iround runningatvaryingpowers,andhavecheckedoil filtersatintervals.Don'tforgettheFUELFILTERS also.

Thegroundtestbeforeflightshouldincludeacheck onmaximumRPMandMag.dropwinchshouldnot exceed2-',-;),„"oftheRPMatfullthrottle.

9 Wheelbrakesonsmallaeroplanescannotbeexpected toholdtheaeroplaneatfullpower,sochocksshould beplacedinfront of thewheels.

Severaltaxyingrunsatincreasingspeedsshouldbe carriedoutonaneworrebuiltaircraft,andaftereach, particularattentionshouldbepaidtobrakeadjustment;undercarriageandtailwheel/skidmovement shouldnotimpingeonotherpartsoftheairframe.

Take-offshouldshownounduetendencytoswing, whichwouldindicatefaultydirectionaltrim,andthe aircraftshouldeasilybeheldinflyingattitudeonthe groundpriortounstick.Difficultyherewouldshow itselfasanunduestickforceindicatingafaultintrim orloading.Inthecaseofpitchingbeingexperienced, thenelevatoroverbalancecanbetheculprit.

RECORDTHEUNSTICKRPMANDIAS

Onceclearofthecircuit,positiontocommencethe climb.Forthepurposeoftheclimb,thealtimeter shouldbesetto1013,andtheclimbmadefrom500ft. to2,000ft.Fullpowershouldbemaintainedandflaps —iffitted.—shouldbeup.Arecordshouldbemadeof RPM,oilpressureandtemperature,andCHTduring theclimb.Ofcoursethetimemustberecorded.

Incalculatingtherateofclimb,theairtemperature mustbetakenintoaccount.Thevariationofrateof climbwithtemperatureshouldbetakentobe4ft.per minuteper°Cdifferencefrom15°Cor2.2ft.per minuteper°Fdifferencefrom59°E.

PopularFlying,March-April,1974

flightcrewasmaybenecessarytoensurethe safetyoftheaircraft.

Whenthegroundleveltemperatureisabove15°C thecorrectionistobeaddedto—andwhenitisbelow 15°Citistobesubtractedfrom—theobservedrateof climb.

Onceyouhaveclimbedtoasuitableheight.Not below4,000ft.AGL,andcarriedoutyourHASEL check ..height

A..airframe(check)

S..security(check)

..engine(check)

lookoutthrough360°AND aboveandbelow,thestallingcharacteristicsshouldbe investigatedandrecorded.Straightstall:poweroff, flapsfullyupanddown.Trimtheaircraftinitiallyfor aglideataspeedjustabovethestallingspeed.Then reducespeedslowly(atabout1mphpersecond)until theaircraftstalls.

RECORD.

FormofstallwarningandIASatwhichitoccurs StallIAS(orifaircraftwillnotstall,theminimum speedforsteadyflightwiththecontrolcolumn hardback).

Behaviouratstall(wingdrop,etc.).

NOTE:ifwingslotsarefittedcarryoutthistest withslotsbothopenandclosed.

Simulatedbalkedlanding. Thistestistobecarried outatasafealtitude.Trimtheaircraftforapoweroff approachwithflapsinlandingposition.Thensuddenly applymaximumpowerandclimbatthesameairspeed. Notlessthanoneminuteaftertheaircrafthassettled intoasteadyclimbraisetheflaps.

RECORD:

Responseoftheenginewhenthrottleisopened whetherchangeinstickforcescausedbyraising flapsappearnormal.

Finaltrimmermovementrequiredtotrim.

DivingTest. (Priortothemaximumspeedtestan assessmentshouldbemadeoftheaircraftincruising flight.RPMandspeedshouldberecordedandthe aircraftshouldbecapableofflying'handsoff',i.e.at aconstantaltitude,wingslevelandwiththeball,

bubbleorneedleinthecentre.Failuretorigoutthese faultsnowwillresultinmanycriticismstobemade later.Differentaircraftrequiredifferentalterations, anditwouldbewelltoseekprofessionaladviceif faultspersist).

Thistestshouldnotbemadeinroughairconditions.Trimtheaircraftinlevelflightthendive totherequiredspeedwiththethrottlenotmore thanopen.(Someaircrafttypesmustnotbe divedwiththethrottlecompletelyclosed).

RECORD:

Responseoftheaircrafttosmallmovementsof eachmainflyingcontrolseparately.

Thebehaviourofthecontrolsthemselves(degree ofselfcenteringandanytendencytooverbalance etc.)

Avisualcheckonthevibrationoftheaircraftand securityofsmallpartsshallbemade.

Inaddition,manoeuvres,suchassteepturns, applicationofnegative'g'etc.,consistentwiththe categoryoftheC-of-Ashallalsobecarriedout.

Ageneralcheckoftheflyingcontrolsforpoints suchasfriction,backlash,heavinessandtrim,during thesetests.

FunctioningTests

Duringtheflightchecktheoperationofthefollowing:

Flaps—loweringandraisingatmaximumpermissiblespeedasgivenoncockpitplacard. Functioningofthepositionindicator.

Operationofcarburettorheatandmixturecontrol.

Trimmersoverarangeofspeedswithpoweron andoff.

Airbrakes.

Wheelbrakesduringtaxyingandlanding. Generator—checkvoltageregulation. Recordmaximumchargingrate.

Allinstruments,gaugesandindicators.

Ifaradioisfittedatestshouldbecarriedoutwitha CAAstationatleast20milesawayandfromaheight of2,000ft.,theywilltellyouifthetestissatisfactory.

EdFisherwithCassutaroundthetimeofasfirstflightfromBirdlandintheU.S.A.

Photo:M.P.Marsh

ThealmostcompletePikeModel`E'

This:is:anexampleofaFlightTestformasapprovedbytheCAA.

APPENDIXIV

PILOT'SRECORDSHEET

RelevantTestSchedule

Date A/CType.Regn.

Durationof

Flight Engine Pilot

A.U.W. Ground Aerodrome Temp. alt

GROUNDTESTS

FlyingControls

CorrectFunctioning:elevatoraileronrudder

Backlashandfriction

Trimmingcontrols

Correctfunctioning

Backlashandfriction

Instruments

Correctfunctioning

EngineGroundRun

Max.r.p.m. Oiltemp

Oilpressure

TAXYING

Cyl.headtemp

FunctioningofbrakesFreedomfrombinding

Easeofgroundmanoeuvring

TAKE-OFF

Anyunusualbehaviourduringtake-off

Enginer.p.m.Oilpress. Oiltemp.

Cyl.headtemp

PERFORMANCE

Timetoclimbfromft.toft.

Enginer.p.m.

ResultantR/C

Oilpress. CorrectedR/C.....

Oiltemp.

Cyl.headtemp.

HANDLING

Flapsup Flapsdown

Stalls ThrottleclosedThrottleclosed

Stallwarning

I.A.S.

Typeof warning

StallingI.A.S.

Behaviourat stall

Stallrecovery

Balkedlanding

Trimmersettinginapproachglide

Applyfullpowerkeepingaircraftatsamespeed

Record:

RPM

Engineresponse

Changeinstickforce

Trimmerpositionontrimmingaircraft out

Maximumspeedtest

TrimaircraftinlevelflightatIASRPM

Trimmerposition

SetthrottletoIopenanddiveto IAS

Record:

Controlforceappearsnormal Responsetosmallcontrolmovements Behaviourofcontrols(selfcenteringetc.)

Enginer.p.m

Behaviourofengine

Additionalmanoeuvres

Forsemi-aerobaticoracrobaticcategoryaircraft aqualitativeassessmentofitsbehaviourshould bemade.

Steepturns Insideloops

Sideslips Spinning

Stallturns

Functioningtests

FlyingControls Electricalsystem......

TrimmingcontrolsChargingrate

Flaps

Fuelsystem

EngineandPropeller

Radio

ResponseofengineMixturecontrol tothrottle

Smoothness

Throttlecontrol

Carb.hotair control

Propellercontrol

Signed

LicencetypeandNo

Date

Photo:viaM.S.Baird

THEFIKE MODEL1'

ThedesignfortheModelEisbasedontheEnglish ElectricCanberraasthisfighterhasathinlowaspect ratiowingandwasinitsdayamajorbreakthrough. Lowaspectratiowouldallowthewingtobeshortand easiertomanage.Designworkwasstartedin1954 aftermanyyearsofsuccessfuloperationoftheEike ModelD.Thepurposewastoevaluatetheflight characteristicsofalowaspectratio,lowpowered,thin wing,onahighwinglightplane.Thewingis designedsothatvarioustypesoftipsmaybeinstalled laterforevaluationaftertheinitialflighttestsarecompleted.

Anadditionalpurposewastodevelopalowcost, easytoconstruct,compact,twoplacelightplane.The wingmaybecompletelyremovedbythreemcninless thanfiveminutes.Thismakesitpossiblefortheairplanetobestoredathomeinanordinarygaragewhen notinuse.Needlesstosaythesavingsaregreat.Ifthe ModelEperformsasanticipated,a"Wheel'hasbeen designedtomakethewingremovalaonemanjob.

Awood,geodetic,fabriccovereddesignwasdecided uponasbeingthelowestcostforarigidlightweight wing.Geodeticconstructionlookscomplicatedbut isn't.Onlyalittleoverthreemonthstimewasrequired tocompletethewing,lesscoverandmetalfittings. Thiswingisveryruggedandmuchstrongerthanis necessaryforthe65h.p.motorwhichwillbeusedfor theinitialflighttests.However,iftheearlyflighttests showpromise,powerplantsofupto150hp.maylater beinstalledforflightevaluation,andthisextra strengthwouldbeneeded.

Thewingweighscovered,completewithailerons, readyforuse218lbs.Itwascompletedin1954butdue toaheavyflyingscheduleandothertimecommitments,thewholeprojecthadtobeshelveduntil1959 and1960whenenoughsparetimebecameavailable toconstructthefuselageandmountthewings,tail, andlandinggear.Thenfollowedanotherperiodof

almosttenyearsofpracticallynoactivityontheprojectexccpttooverhaula65h.p.andan85h.p. Continentalengineforuseontheflighttests.

In1969 1 wasabletotakeanearlyretirementfrom airlineflying.after25years,andtimeagainbecame available.

ThelandinggearisastandardPiperJ-3modified to8ft.maximumwidthforlegaltowing.Thegearhas 800',4tires.Goodrichwheelsandexpandertype hydraulicbrakes.Rubbercordshockabsorbers.The aircraftfeaturestheoverheadcontrolsystemusedin thepreviousmodel,theD,andaquicklyremovable seatwhichmakesitpossibletosleepintheaircraft.

Welltodaythe4thAprilIhavefourhoursonthe ModelEandsofaralliswell.Ishallcomplete50 hoursandbesureofeverythingbeforeIissueplans. ContactthePEAifyouwouldlikeasetafter1have completedfullythetestschedule.Ithasbeensaidbut itisnolongertrue,thatmyModelEwastheoldest nonflyingAntiqueintheworld,16yearstofirst flight.

TYPE:2Place,enclosed,Highwing,removerable, landmonoplane.Dimensions:Span20ft.Wings ChordXX6'8',length19'2",height5'8",wheel track6ft.wheelbase14'2".Aspectratio3.Weights: Empty665lbs.Usefulload435lbs.Max.gross1,100 lbs.Powerplant:OneContinentalA-65-8,65h.p. Max.fuelcapacity25U.S.gals.intwowingtanks. Max.oilcapacity1U.S.Gal.

Areas:Wingsplusailerons132Sq.ft.,Ailerons19.5 syn.,Fin6.7sq.ft.,Rudder6.5sq.ft.,Tailplane 13sq.ft.Elevators10sq.ft.Construction:Wings. Woodgeodectic,fabriccovered,onepiece,quickly removable.NACA4409airfoil.Fuselage.Steeltube weldedfabriccovered.Empennage.Steeltubefabric covered.

CompiledfromlettersreceivedbyM.S.Bairdfrom W. J. Eike.

GOT AWAY!

HavingspentmostofaSundayinNovember1931 attheFlyingClubatHanworth,Iwasdisappointedat nothavingbeenabletotakeamachineintothemr. Allserviceablemachineswerebusyoninstruction, whichdidnotenduntilaboutfouro'clock.

Then1wasabletotakemypick;alittlelateinthe dayfortakingtotheairinNovemberperhaps,hut suchagloriousfullmoonwasheavingitselfintothe skyoverthetreesatHanworththattheprospectof halfanhourorsoaviatingwasveryternpting.

Sooffwewent,meandmyoldfriendMothABBX. PerhapsIshouldhavepausedtothinkthateverytime IhadtakenBXintotheairthetriphadnotbeenuneventful;butwhocouldhaveforebodingsonsucha beautifulevening?

Headingsouthonabearingofroughly180degrees Iclimbedsteadily,watchingtheMOORwhichseemed togrowlargerandmorebrilliant;holdingthiscourse forabout15minutes,Iglancedearthwardsforthe firsttime.Earthwards,yes,butnottoseetheearth— ithadcompletelydisappeared!

Lightaircraftinthosedayswereonlyequippedwith basicinstruments,veryfewcarriedwirelessandthere wasnocontactwiththcworldoutsidethemachine. ThusitwasonlylaterthatIlearnedthataveryheavy, patchyfoghaddescendeduponLondonandthe South-eastinamatterofafewminutes;airlinersof ImperialAirways,KLM,Lufthansaandothershad madehurrieddescentsontoHampsteadHeath, WimbledonCommonandothersuitableopenspaces, itbeingundesirabletoattempttogetintoCroydon.

Noinstruments?Ihadn'tevenacompanioninthe frontcockpitwithwhomtoexchangeafewchoice oaths.Neverfeltsolonely.So,discussingthesituation withmyself,IcametotheconclusionthatIshould reversetheactiontakensofar;thatis,turnouttoa reciprocalbearingandflyonitforasimilartimeas theoutwardtriphadtaken.(Areciprocalbearingis onetakenatonehalfofthefullcompass,i.e.180 degrees,which,ofcourse,inthiscasemeantthatI shouldflyduenorth,onzero).

Thatwouldbringmebackoverthestartingpoint: simple,notevenawindforwhichtomakeallowance. Simple?...sureifitwasn'tforthefactthatFhadalso tofinishatzeroaltitude!

So,havingsetacourse,Istartedtoloseheightand atalittleover1,000feet,theMothenteredthefog;it reallywasnotatallpleasant;attimestheswirlingmass blottedoutthewingtips.Knowingthelocalityindetail(IwasborninFeltham)Ihadaslightadvantage, soIbegantoapplylocalknowledge.

SomewhereIhadtore-crosstheThamesand,with the.mapinmymind,IlostasmuchheightasIdared untilIwasnotalotabovetalltreeheight;luckily, visibilityinafogissomewhatbetterverticallythan horizontallyandIwasabletoglimpsequiteafew landmarksastheyflashedbybelow.

Unlikebeingcaughtinafogwhiledrivingacar,it wasnotpossibletoparkanywhere;Idroppedspeedas lowasIdared,downto60mph,butwitholdBX havingastallingspeedof55mph,Idarenotgoany slowerorwewouldhavedroppedoutoftheskylikea brick.

Suddenlybelowmetherewasamomentaryglimpse offilterbedsandreservoirs,followedbyaquick crossingoftheThames,andthenmorefilterbeds.So farsogood,sinceonlyatthewaterworksatHampton werethefilterbedssoclosetotheriverandonboth banks.

Foramomentthethoughtoftallchimneysinterruptedmypulse,butsinceImusthavemissedthem, whyworry?Shortlynow,somewhereaheadand slghtlytotheleftofmeshouldbethewelcomesightof theLondonAirParkbeaconflashingitsidentification letter,F,intheMorseCode—dotdotdashdot,witha brightorangelightwhichhadacertainamountoffog penetration.ItwasnotuntilafterIhadlandedthatI heardthatthebeaconhadblownafuseand,although theycouldheartheMoth'senginetheycouldnottell justwhereIwas.Inlateryears,withServicepersonnel stationedatHanworth,someonemighthavethought offiringafewVerylights,butmyfriendsconcentratedongettingthebeacongoingagain.

by Sqn.Ldr.StanleyVickers

Thensomethinghappenedwhichdidnothelpease mymind.Underneathwentthebrightlightsofthe newly-builtChertseyRoad.AsIknewthattheydid notextendbeyondtheHopeandAnchor,Icouldnot telljustwhereIhadcrossedthem,butonlyknewthat ImustbeabittoofarEast;possiblyIwasheadedfor Hounslow:landontheHeath?No,perhapsnot; bettertobearalittlefurthertotheleftandpossiblybe luckyenoughtospottheusualbrightlightsofthe Felthamrailwayshuntingyard,whenceIcould navigatealongtheUxbridgeRoadintotheaerodrome. Idiot!Whyshouldtheyardbefunctioninginsuch weather?Ofcourse,itwasn't,everybodyhadgone homeandinanycaseitwouldnothavebeenfully illuminatedonaSundayevening.

Still,convincedthatIwassomewherenearhome.I thoughtthatHestonaerodromemightbeausefulspot, surelythebeacontherewouldbeworking,orsome emergencygear.No,Ilestonwasshutdowntoo,not thatIknewthatforcertain,theonlythingIwasvery sureofwasthattheMothwouldnotgoonroaming aroundforeverandwhileIdronedon,wonderingifI shouldturnaroundandditchintheThames,ifIcould finditagain,asinisterdangerlayinwait.

SuddenlyIsawit,likeadarnedgreatbrontosaurus toweringoverme:cripes,theSouthallgasholder!In thesedaysofheavydensityincommercialairtraffic' thatgasholderiscrownedwithabevyofredlights,but ithadnosuchwarningthen.

Notwishingtobeinthecentreofadirtygreatbang andgratefultohavehadsufficientwarning,Iswung theMotharoundrapidly;aftersuchaviciousturnI hadtowaitawhileuntilthecompasshadsettleddown, tosay,nothingofmyownpersonalflatspin,inorder toknowwhichwayIwasnowheading.

Well,thismadeupmymind;I'dditchinthefirst reservoirortheThames,andswimforit.Then happenedoneofthosethingswhicharewelcomedas

Irememberit‘rell!Dr.IanHay'sGips).MothBVApriortoitscollisionwithBigginHillin 1972, andshortly to,Ilvagain.AMothwhichdidn'tgetawar.

miracks:almostunderneathme,alittletotheleft,was thewelcomesightofthebeacononthetopofFlanworthParkMansion,whichhadresumeditsregular flashing!NeverhadItakensuchadeepbreath,butto besurethat1wasreallyrelaxed1carefullycircledthe beaconafewtimes,losingheightverygraduallyuntil Iwassoplacedastoheabletomakeaperfectlygood landingbythelightfromtheopenhangardoor.

Atthattime,oneoftheinstructorstherewasarather nervoustypeandwhenIhadclamberedout,feeling utterlyrelievedathavinggotbackinonepiece,and

(MikeJerramPhotograph)

withnotascratchongoodoldBX,1steppedtbrward tomeetaveryangrygentleman.Saidhe:"Wherethe bloodyhelld'youthinkyou'vebeen?"Whatawelcome!

IsupposethathadIwaitedandconsideredmyreply, Imighthavethoughtofaclassic,butallIsaidwas: "Well.Iwentuptohaveagoodlookatthemoon. actually.1L'swonderfulupthereabovethefog-.

SoImadeanenemy,whichisn'tsurprisingI suppose:Imusthavesoundedterriblyfacetious, althoughIwasonlystatingthetruth.

40pagesA4size

I50Photographs

Price:40pplus5ppostage.

(Reprodu(.ed courresey of the SingaporePiingClubCa:elle)

POPULARFLYINGispublishedon thefirstdayofJanuaryandthereafter onthefirstdayofalternatemonths.No advertisementswillbeacceptedlater thantendaysbeforepublication.All advertisementstobesentto:AdvertisementManager,PopularFlyingAssociation,TerminalBuilding,ShorehamAirport,Shoreham-by-Sea,Sussex.

Semi-displaypercolumninch£3.30. Lineage(minimumthreelines)perline 44p.Discounts:seriesofthree5%. Seriesofsix10%.Agencies10%.

SPECIALRATEFORMEMBERS

OFTHEPOPULARFLYING ASSOCIATION

asingleinsertionofnotmorethan thirtywords:33p. serieschargedatcommercialrate inclusiveofV.A.T.

BoxNumbers10p

AnyadvertisementCostinglessthan £.1.25mustheprepaid.Pleasecrossall chequesandpostalordersandmake payabletothePopularFlyingAssociation.

ENGINES

WANTED. Continentalengineparts. MarvelSchebler.Carburettor,OilSump, startermotor.EnginebearerforContinentalengine.Tel.022-026-2951.

LYCOMING75hp.GO 145C-3complete withaccessories,mountingandpropellor available.Zerohourssincemajoroverhaul. Tel.Stubbington3128.

WANTED.CirrusMinorenginein workingorder,wouldconsidertimeexpiredenginesuitableforrebuild.Details toDFFII,OakTreeCottage,Founthill Newick,Sussex.Tel.Newick3407.

VWCYLINDERHEAD drillingservice. 1200and1500headscateredfor.You supplyheads,wedrill,supplyplugsand extralongspanner.ContactRoyWatlingGreenwood,Uckfield,Sussex3242.

TIREDVW1500 (1964-6v)Engine-no compressionononesideotherwiseOK. SuitableConversion/Rebuild.£45.Phone David01-402-6183or01-403-7231.

ENGINEFORSALE. Continental C.85-12.No.30811-8-12.Withgeneratorandstarter.144hrs.only.Fully documented.Instoreandfullyinhibited.Sensibleoffers.N.Cranfield, BroadstoneFarm,ForestRow,Sussex.

PROPELLERS

PFAAPPROVEDPROPELLERS for VW1200and1500engines.PFAapproved propellersformostMikroninstallations. Thebestpropellersoftheirkindinserious productionanywhere.ContactRoyWatling-Greenwood,Uckfield,Sussex,3242.

RWGPROPELLER, suit1200ccto 1500ccVWengine.Run40hoursonly.As newcondition.Oneowner.£40o.n.o.Roy Watling,Greenwood,Ridgewood,tickfield,Sussex.Tel.:Uckfield3242.

UNUSEDMaCAULEY Klip-TipPropellorLM7144,71in.dia.x44in.pitch, anyoffers?Tel.Heathfield(Sussex)3436.

INSTRUMENTS

FORSALE. ClinometersbyHilger& WattsMk.7360°Notation,Vernier scale.Sealedunopenedandboxedin polishedwoodcase,completewithmanufacturerscertificateofaccuracy£35.00. Cost£68.00.Someused,asnew£15.00. A.Boadley,12PennsLakeRoad, SuttonColdfield.021351.(2877).

WANTED. P11compass.Detailsto StuartMcKay,16ThatchersDrive, Maidenhead,Berkshire.

WANTED

JULY5th-7th,1974

YOUANDYOUR AIRCRAFTAT SYWELL PLANS

JODELDR1050DRAWINGS required. RonSouch,46YardleyRoad,HedgeEnd, Southampton.Tel.Botley2355.

UNUSEDTaylorMonoplanePlans£8, DonPeacockVWPlans£4,Pair£11. Newall.8ThorntonClose,Easingwold, Yorks.Tel.21055.

WILLSELL orexchangeunusedset Pittsplans.Interestedinanyhardware suitableforTailwind.Alsorequireplans forThorpeT18andMidgetMustang. Cook,4WascanaClose, I-lull (643330).

WANTED - Unused F.9Plans.Tel. Hemyock588(STD082368).

PFAAPPROVEDPROPELLERS

RADIO

WANTED. Drybatteryoperatedtransceiver,headphonesandmikesuitablefor ultra-light.Gough,Upleadon,Newent, Gloucester.Tel.Newent820331.

SHORROCKS TSR-unusedsinceoverhauledbymakers.Allcrystalsinstalled. Offers.TelephoneFairford506.

NAACORADIO andVOR.£60.00. C.Cleaver, 4 StonecroftClose,Hove4, Sussex.

MISCELLANEOUS

WANTED. Interestingcolourffsvaviation films,I6mm,silentortalkie.Detailsto LaurieMansfield,HazIebank,Ditchling Common,Hassocks,Sussex.BurgessHill 3160.

WANTED.Photographsofany29or54 SquadronMeteoraircraftbasedatR.A.F. Tangmere1953-55.Saleorborrowto copy.DetailstoStuartMcKay,16 ThatchersDrive,Maidenhead,Bucks.

V.P.1BUILDERS. Havealmostallhardwareandcertifiedspruce,plywood.Two newLucasS.R.4's.Cessnawheels, brakes,tyres,u/clegs,Streamlinestruts, Setsofdrawings,manyotheritems. Tel.Redcar2168.

SECONDHANDV.W.ENGINES and partsavailableatrealisticprices.S.A.E. withrequirements,also-Fourlengthsof releasedV.P.wingtubing40"eachlength, anyusetoanyone?J.Coxon,4FarmWay, Darfield,Barnsley.Tel.Wombwell8233, WANTED.ForPFAcolourtransparency collection.Haveyouanyspare35mm slidesofPFAtypeaircraft,Homebuiltor Vintage,Britishorotherwise?Ifsoplease sendthem to thePFAOfficeforagood home.Sendoneofyourownaircraftif youcan.

WANTED.Hasanyoneanyunmade plasticaircraftkitstheywouldliketosell? Ifso,pleasewritetoAlanDunn,130 AbbeyRoad,Sompting,Lancing,Sussex withdetails.

SHAREinaJodelGroup:£150plus£4 permonth&£3-50perhour.Forfurther detailsTel.Flitwick3257.

DAMAGED orPartBuiltultralight wanted.B.Houghton,6AshGrove, ClockFace,St.Helens,Lancs.Tel. MarshallsCross812769(Home),Rainford3934(Work).

WANTED. PhotographsofMilesMessengerG-AKBM.StuartMcKay,16Thatchers Drive,Maidenhead,Berkshire.

PLEASE don'tthrowawayyouroldair displaypostersandprogrammes.Send themtoagoodhome.StuartMcKay,16 ThatchersDrive,Maidenhead,Berkshire. GROUPFLYING. Thruxtonbased PiperColt.NewNarco360.£7.25per hourinclusive;nocapitalrequired. PhoneNewbury4274orThatcham62888.

JODELF-11-3, 80%complete,fully certifiedtodate.ContinentalC90,Prop, GoodyearWheels,Tyres,Brakes,Tubes, Fittings,Materials.Savethreeyearswork! Greenwood,StratfordonAvon5941 (office),HenleyinArden2893(home).

EAGLEIII HighperformanceSailplane. CofA.Fullyinstrumentated.2new parachutes,baragraph,radio.Intendedto operatefromParhamPark,Storrington, Sussex(newsiteofSouthdownG,C.). Half-share£600.BoxNo.300.

AIRCRAFTFORSALE

LONGRANGEELTONMINORfor sale.19gallonsfuelcapacity.31gphwith A65engine.Cruise70knots200Orpm. Cockpitspeciallyadaptedforlonglegged pilots.MaybeseenandflownatRedhill, byappointment.£800.N.Crantield, BroadstoneFarm,ForestRow.Sussex. ForestRow2457.

AUSTERMkVminusengine.Wings recovered.£300.00.Telephone0494-35342

TigerMothParts ForSale

Completelistsofnewpartsavailable andalsodrawingsandmanuals. Manypartsingoodconditionfor sale.

Alsorestorableitemssuchas fuselagesandwing-h

S.A.E.forliststo:

HOWARDGRAY HENDONAEROPLANECO., 32BRACKENHotCLOSE', BROMLEY,KENT 01-460-6140

AIRCRAFTFORSALE.Lutonmino G.-ASEB.SensibleofferstoFergu. McVeigh,StoneCircleFarm,Combee CountyDown,N.Ireland.

AIRCRAFTFORSALE.Aeronca Champ(.i-AOEH.Blueandwhite,new cylinderbarrelsandpistonassemblies. £1,650.00.N.O'Neill,57CleveleyPark, Belfast,BT84NB(645827).

NIPPERMkIllG-AWDA.1500ccEngine.CurrentCofA.only280hoursTT, TipTanks,90ChannelVHFRadio. MagnificentOriginalCondition.£1350. Tel.Preston863130.

TAYLORMONOPLANEforsale,partly builtwith1200ccVWengine,prop,instruments,fabric,dope,undercarriage,ern. £300thisislessthanmaterialcostalone. E.J.Rogers,Chware!Goch,Fachwen, Caernarvon,NorthWales.

SPOONERAVIATIONarcofferingona "oneoff"onlybasis.TheAeroResources (McCulloch)T.2_SuperGyroplane G-AZWZ,TTjust68hr.2seat100mph. newCofA.£7,950_Paneschange welcomed,canbedemonstratedatShoreham.Tel.Shoreham61661.

LUTONMINORG-ATCN.Pre-dinecondition.Built1965byD.Peacock',only150 hoursairframeandoverhauledengine. SpecialCategoryCofAuntilNlarch1974. ShorrockV.H.F.radio.ColinChapman, LotusCarsLtd..Norssich.Tel.:Norwich _6638.

CORNWALLFLYINGCLUB MEMBERS

Concessionratesonrepairs.checks andC.ofA.renewalsLabour chargesONLY£1.75perhour.

Membershipfee-0.50

Specialistsinrepairandre-fabricing ofold-n-aircraft.Damagedandout ofC.!ifA.aircraftpurchasedforrebthldingandforreducingiiispares.

FurSale:

GipsyMajorengine,650hoursfrom new.Toposerhatdjustcompleted £350:CirrusMinorwithrccon.prop £200.AusterandTriPacerairframespares.GipsyMajorengine sparesincludingsetAluminiumcyl. headsOsvalves;pairofrecon. magnetos.PhoneCardingham255

AIRCRAFTWANTED

AIRCRAFTWANTED.Fonr-seater aircraft.Musthavegoodappearanceand condition,Reasonablehoursremaining onengineandairframe.Telephone Fairford506.

WANTED-damagedordiscardedTaylorcraftfuselageandotherAusterairframeitems.Redwings,Kirdford,Billingshurst,Sussex.

£2000CASHofferedforCessna150or otherspinabletypewithgoodengine, C. of A.andradio.Tel:Dobwalls584.

NIPPER-damagedorpartlybuiltaircraft_Piper,16LangdaleAve.,Harpenden, Herts.Harpenden63872.

WANTEDtwoseatspecialcategoryaircraftcapableofshortfieldoperation Jodd117,Champ,CuborMinicabwould suit.W.R.Prescott,QuayCottage,Rostrevor,Co.Dols0.N.Tel.Rostrevor 777.

MINICABWANTED:Partlinishedor damagedmightbeconsidered.A.Dennis, 10WrekinDrive,TheWergs.Wolverhuupton.

AIRCOUPEwantedinanycondition. Complete,incompleteordamaged.Tel. Dobwalls584.

DAMAGED,incompleteandoutofC.of A.lightaircraftwantedforrebuildingand forreducingtospares_CornwallFlying Club.Tel.Dobwalls584orCardinham 255_

LATESMALLADVERTS (Unclassified)

FORSALE.ContinentalC.90-8F.only 365hourssincemajoroverhaul.1:450ono. Fullydocumented.BillSmith.01-759-911I Ext.37

WANTEDURGENTLYtokeepusairborne:PropforC.90engineinJodel120 onaSpecialCat,C.O.A.Tel.Flitwick 2901.

WANTED.OnesetofLutonMinorwings constructedorpartlyconstructed,withor withoutintegralfueltanks.D.Platt,c/o XVSquadron.RAFLaarbruchBFP043. FABRIC.DTD575A-53,85pyard.5E8 Serratedtape2"wide,8p yard. Pleaseadd 25pP.&P.M.Vaisey,c/o44WoodLane End,HemelHempstead,Herts, WANTED.Tyres6.00x61plusC90magneto,instruments,stick,pedalssuitable Cavalier.ForSale:12gaugeS510suitable engine,wingbrackets.K.Stacey.13 RomanWay,Bedhampton,Havant. Havant5615.

FORSALE.Twocompletepropeller bossestofitVWengines1300ce,1500cc and1600cc.£22each.R.R.Lockwood, TheBungalow,HigfiStreet,Thornoch, Eye,Suffolk.Tel.Occold378.

AUSTERPILOTCLUBrequiredetaifr ofanyAustersparesincludingcompleie airframesandAustersforsale.Detailsto SparesSecretary,AusterPilotClub,35 LinchmereAvenue,Saltdean,Sussex. Yel.Brighton33337.

WANTED.Unopenedbutvalidtinsof Aerodux500or185withlordener.T. Duhig,'Crosswinds',HampersLane, Storrington,Sussex.Storrington3550, RADIOREQUIRED.VHF.Suitablefor Nipper3.A.Barnetson,TheOldCottage, Milland,Hants.Milland371

FORSALE.JodelD.I171760T.T.New Fabric1968C.90I4F,860T.T.£1500 withnewpermit.Minicab65H.P.Conti. 1300T.T.VerySmart.Permitrequired. £850.P.G.Phelps,23SleafordRoad, Birmingham,B289QP.

FABULOUSFRED

STOLperformanceonVWorLawranceengines.De-rigsand rigsaseasilyasaglider.Roadable.Plansincluderoadfittings. Easytofly.Cheaptobuild.Longestsinglecomponent12'9' long.Plansconsistof25highlydetailedsheets.

PerSet- £15.00

Informationsheet,3viewdrawing,photograph-50p. ERICCLUTTON,92NEWLANDSSTREET,SHELTON, STOKE-ON-TRENT,STAFFORDSHIRE,ENGLAND

Badges:Printed,washable,non-fade.Embroidered,goldandsilverwire. Ties:Wovenorprintedmotifs.Fromonedozen.

Pennants:Specialsashesorpennants.Sendsketchorcopyforquote. Stickersofallkinds.

ALECBROOK(Dept.24),A.D.B.LONDONLTD., 57BLANDFORDSTREET,LONDON,W.I. Telephone:01-486-2021/2/3

FLYINGONA BUDGET?

Whynothavemoretospendonyouraeroplane andequipment.

Ourcredittermsforinsuranceneedcostyou nothing.

ALLTYPESOFAIRCRAFTINSURANCE

Accident,LiteorEndowmentColer forPilots andPassengers

(DoesthePassengerLiabilitySectionofyour Policycoveryourfamily?)

InsuranceagainstlossofFlyingLicence TRAFFORDFACILITIES

LTD.

AssociatedInsuranceBrokers

151HATFIELDROAD ST.ALBANS,HERTS. TelephoneNos.:54967&52396

VOLKSWAGEN

AIRCRAFTENGINEPLANS for AmateurConstructors

Doncaster Sailplane Services for

HOMEBUILDERSSUPPLIES

Nowrevisedandre-dimensionedinmetricaswellas Britishunits,thesehighlydetaileddrawingswillenablethe HomebuildertoconvertanyV.W.engineupto1600ccsat verylowcost.Mostoftheoriginalengine iS usedaswellas partsfmmothervehicleswhicharceasilyandcheaplyobtained.

Lifetimeadviceisofferedwiththeplanswhichcomprise 30soft.ofdrawingsandover15,000wordsofinstructions. Manyenginesbuilttotheseplansarenowflying. Completeplans£600airmailanywhereintheworld. DonaldG.Peacock,MeadowCottage,TheHeath,Ardleigh,Colchester,Essex.Tel.Colchester230446

G.L.1aircraftbirchply0-8mmto5mm. Fabric-2weightsforsupportedandunsupported areas.

Dope—tauteningandcolouretc.

Jointingcompound—forwood/metal.

Spruce,DouglasFir,WhitePine,Ash,gradeA.

A.S.I. V.SI. compassesetc.etc.

S.5I4andS.510steelsheetandtubes

Controlcablemadeuptoorder_

V.P.I Cavaliermaterials.

Cavalierplansandallrawmaterialtobuild. Fibreglassandresin,releaseagent,pigmentetc. Sends.a.eforpricelist

YORKROAD,DONCASTER 0302-65381,-61713,4355

ormodernaircraft—withrheworld'sfinest Bewellinformedonairaffairs—whetherold airmagazine,AIRpictorial.

Januaryissue dxscloses details of RoyalNorwegian AirForce.LOT Over100pictureseachissue,colour.factual Polish Arrhne,the authenticfeaturesthatmaintaininterestand man whoflew a add toy ourenthusiasm.Readiteverymonth glider into YugoslaviainWorld WarII,• Harries At newsagentsfirst ofeach trials fromIndian aircraft carrier. month2Sp andmuch,much

IfyouhavenotyetseenAIRPictorialsendyourname andaddressandSpstampforFREEspecimen COPY ro AIRpictorial.SeymourPressLtd.,734BrixtonRoad. London.5W97AG.