Popular Flying Nov/Dec 1975

Popular Flying -41. 1 1,

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Popular Flying

Editedby ALANDUNN MIKEGRIGSON JOHNHAFFENDEN

Advertising: L.C.MANSFIELD

EditorialAddress:

TerminalBuilding, ShorehamAirport, Shoreham-by-Sea, Sussex.BN45FF

Telephone: Shoreham-by-Sea61616

PFAEXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

President:

A/Cstrm.G.1.C.PAUL,CIL D.F.C., M.A C.Eng., F.R.Ae.S.

Chairman:

D. F FAULKNERBRYANT

Treasurer:

L. SHAW, D.Ae., C.Eng., M.R.Ae.S.,

LagineeringOfficer:

F.I.V.WALKER,C.Eng., F.R.Ae.S.

ConunitteeAfenthers"

DOUG.BIANCHI

PETERCHANNON

EDWARDDAVIS

LESDRAY

JOHNDUNEORD

ALANDUNN

MissPATHOLMES

LAURIEMANSFIELD

ROBINOWEN

JOHNPOTHECARY TOMREACAN

MIKEVAISEY BILLWII.KS

BITEWOODHAMS

Py A

--7711177-

474, 60.

PLY/NG II,Se)

Founded1946

Individualmembership:£5.50p.a

Thefoundingtautrepresentativebodyinthe UnitedKingdonIuf(anthem Collstruflois andoperatorsufultra-lightandGroup operatedairerafT

P.FA.(FLAIR)Ltd

LADER0DIMENV—

NI ax Brugger and M. Rumoleave SywellintheilCold-a-istoreturnto Switzerland.Now, AilPorn-tills

NOVEMBER-DECEMBER1975

7 -3AIRSONTHEAEROIDILS

4-5 STRUTNEWS

6-7 PROJECTS

8-9BUILDING'SPRITEPART1

10-11VINTAGENEWS

12AIRCRAFTIDRTHEHOMEBUILDER

13GROUPNEWS

14-15 JYROJOTTINGS

16-17 POWERTOTHEPEOPLE

18AIRSTRIPS•—SHARESTRIPS

19MIDDLEWALIDP'75

3 0RSA'75

FLYINGTIIEFoxMOTH

22LUTONSQUADRONNEWS

23WILDCATGYPSY

TheviewsexpressedinPOPULARFLYINGarethoseofthe contributorsandnotnecessarilythoseoftheP.E.A.ThePublishers retaintherighttorefuseorIvithdralvadvertisementsattheirdiscretionanddonotacceptliabilityfordelayinpublicationorfor clericalorprinter'serrorsalthougheverycareistakentoavoid mistakes.

EDITORIAL

Withthis,thelastissueofthe year,perhapsit'stimetolookhack onhowwe,thePEA,havedonefor thepasttwelvemonths.

Thereisnodoubtatallthatpetrol pricesandincreasedairfieldcharges havehadsomesmalleffecton recreationalflying.Probablynotto thcsameextentaswiththethirstier machines.butnonethelessthere seemedtobeaslightdroppingat thelocalRallies,eventhoughSywell wasanalltimewinner.Iwonder whetherthemembersthatorganise theselocalfly-insneedtothinkup somenewideastobringsomeofthe facesalongthatseemtohavefaded fromthescene?

Onthemembershipsidewearc goingFromstrengthtostrengthand e .,enafterallowingforthosefailing torenewtheOfficereportsour membershipincreasingsteadily.

TalkingoftheOffice,whatafine improvementwehavehere,all broughtaboutduringthiscurrent yearwithourOfficeExecutive, StanleyLauder.guidedbythe OfficeSub-CommitteeMidequipped

withasmuchnewequipmentand stockastheycouldwringthemoney outoftheTreasurerfor.

Ontheconstructionside,wehave seenmanynewfirstflightsthis summerandthereshouldbemore machinesunderconstructionthan everbefore.Anotheritemthatisat lastobtainingsomeattentionisgettingthepowersthatbetoaccept thatthereisashortageoflanding stripsandhangarageforrecreationalflying.Wecanevenreport thisyearofseveralnewstripsbeing workedon,somewithintheframeworkofPlanningrightsandsoine outsideit!

Finally.Ithinkwecanallaccept thatourMovementissurgingahead withsomefineenthusiastsandsome linemachinesandperhapsbynext Summerwe'llhavegotabitmore usedtothenearquid-a-gallontogo aviatinaon.

FromtheMagazineStaffandthe Office—amerryChristmasanda ProsperousNewYeartoall2,300 ofyou.

AirsontheAerofoils

Dr.J.P.Crawford

Thisarticleisreproducedbyktnd permissione tThe Edit 01of. Hospitalbleandisbasedonanillustrated talkoriginallywadetotheBoughBeechSailingClub.

Despitethefactthatwingsandsailsproducetheir aerodynamiceffectsinmuchtheSLOTH:way,albeitat rightanglestoeachother,poweredflightrapidlylost itsinterestformeasarecreation.Possiblythiswas becauseitharnessesthewindinalesspleasurably directwaythanisthecaseinsailing,exceptperhaps whenlandinganaeroplanewithpowerthrottled backtosuchalandingthejoystickgivesasenseof controlthatisverysimilartothefeel or atillerunder sail.

Thepanoramicviewfromlightaircraftiscertainly superbandcompensatessomewhatforanydeficiency or thiskind,butyoucannotstoptoadmirethescenery. Otherwise,flyingseemedtomemorelikedrivinga car3D,althoughfmissedthesense or contactwith thecountryside,anditsinhabitants.whichgoeswith motoring.andthereareotherdisadvantagestowhich willreferlater.

Abetter3Dcomparisonthanwithmotoringmight bethatbetweenflyingandsteeringapowerboat. Foralthoughyoucanfollowroadsfromtheairas ifyouweremotoring,youarealsosupportedinan elementwhich,likewater,isusuallyitselfmoving relativetotheground,bothhorizontallyandvertically, incurrentsandinwavemotion.Verticalriseandfall aremorecharacteristicofflightthantheyawing. pitchingandrollingtypicalofboating,probablybecauseflyingtakesplacewithinitselement,whereas boatingoccursmainlyonthesurfacewherewaves havefreerrein.

DrawbackstoLandplanes.

Sailplaning.asitsnameimplies,isnearertosailing inthewayitharnessesthewindthanispowered flight,buttherearcdrawbackstosoaringandgliding withoutpower.Thusyouaremoreatthemercyof theelementsthaninsailing,inthesensethatyoumust

golargelywherethewind,clouds,thermalsandother up-currentstakeyou,ratherthantoapointofyour ownchoosing.Furthermore.somebodywhohasnot hadthepleasureoftheflightthenhastocomeand fetchyou,oftenfromconsiderabledistancesafter prolongedwaits,andhelptodismantletheglider, loaditontoatrailerandtowithome.

Poweredglidersdonotyetseemtohaveproveda reallysatisfactorycompromise,asthepowerunit requiredtobeeffectiveagainstevenaveragewinds representstoogreataweightpenalty.Rotaryengines withtheirimprovedpoweriweightratio,andlighter, strongerairframematerialsmayeventuallyOvercome thesedrawbacks.Butthatwillstillnotovercomethe maindisadvantagewhichbedevilsallpoweredflight inlandplaneslimitedchoiceofdeparturepointand inconvenienceofdestination,sincefewairfieldsare reallyneareithertomanypeople'shomesortodesirablewateringplaces.

Youcannotoftenjustgarageanaircraftlikeacar atyourhouse,orparkitandwalkdownontothe beachorintotown,sinceithasyettobecomegenerallyacceptedthatagriculturalfieldsofanappropriate sizeforflyingcomfortneednotbefewandfarbetween, northeirownersdiscouragingoftheirusebyaircraft.Iffacilitiesfortouringbyairbecamemore widelyavailable,thismightimprovetherecreational imageofflying,especiallywiththetimesavedand roadtrafficavoided,wereitnotforthefurtherdrawbackthatflying,being3D,ismuchmoredilTicultin allweathersandlightsthandrivinginsimilarconditions.

ANewAeronautics.

Againstthisbackground,itoccurredtomesome yearsago,thatifpoweredflightwerenotsimply analagoustobutcouldbecombinedwith,theactual satisfactions or boating,therecreationalattraction

OnthestepinaslightsuellontheRiverMedway

couldbeincreased,especiallyforanislandracesuchas ours,renownedfor'messingaboutinboats'.Anew kindofpopular'aeronautics'mightevendevelop.ftried hardatthetimetopersuadelocalflyingclubsto investinamanufacturedlightamphibian,whichwas availableatareasonablepriceingoodcondition.

Theyfelt,however,thattheaircraftinquestion,a RepublicSeabee,wasunder-poweredindesign,and thatinterestamongclubmemberswasinsufficientto makeitsuseaneconomicproposition,some400-600 hoursannuallybeingnecessaryfwasnotprepared toinvestthesumrequired,inprivateownership,but anadvertisementappearedsoonafterwardsforthe two-placehome-builtillustratedhere,thetechnical detailsofwhichareavailableelsewhere,forexample, inJane's AlltheWorld'sAircraft, underVolmer VI-22.

fpreferamphibiansbecause,aswellastheairand waterrecreationalcombinationjustmentioned,they

centreofgravitythatismuchhigherabovethewater thaninflyingboats,floatplanestendtocapsizeoutwardsonturnsifthecentrifugalforceengenderedis toogreat.

CrossWinds.

Thistendencyisparticularlynoticeablewhenfloat planesareturningonthewaterdownandacrosswind asingybingasailingcraft.Flyingboatshavean overalladvantagehere,withtheirwingtipfloatsalso actingasoutriggersandprovidingadditionallateral stability.

Suchcrossorbeamwindmanoeuvresalsopresent hazardsonthegroundtolandplanes,somewhatas withcarsonamotorway.Ontake orr thisriskmay approachthatexperiencedinlandoriceyachtswhen gybingoranticipatingsqualls,andtakeoffacrossa downwind-downhillslopeisespeciallytobeavoided sincesufficientaccelerationcannotbeachievedto

Upandaway

bringversatileconvenience.Forpureseaplanes, althoughcombiningpoweredflightwiththeattractionsofboating,areatmuchthesamedisadvantage asland-planeswhenitcomestolimitedchoiceof startingplaceanddestination.Seaplanes,moreover, beingrestrictedtowaterareusuallyhousednearto itwhich,inthecaseoftheseaparticularly,greatly addstotheriskofcorrosionandtherapidityoftheir generaldeterioration.Amphibians,ontheotherhand, canbeflowninlandandhangaredthere.

BoatHandling.

Seaplanesonthewaterbehaveinsomerespectslike sailingcraft.Iflefttotheirowndeviceswithoutpower on,theyweathercockorcomeupintowind.Aswith sailingcraft,therefore,theapproachtobuoysor othermooringsandslipwaysshouldpreferablybeby comingupintowindtowardsthem,exceptinlight airswhen,aswithpowerboats,itismoreamatterof comingupgentlytowardsmooringsheadingintotide orcurrent.Withamphibiansthewheelsmaybeloweredatthispointtoactaswaterbrakesasthemooring isapproached.

Seaplanesalsohandlelikepowerboatsinstep turns.Aseaplaneonthestepanswersdirectionallyto itsairrudder,thewaterrudderthenbeingretracted toreducedrag,butthehullinthewatercontinuing tobehavelikeapowerboat.Withthesinglehullof aflyingboatthereisthepowerboat'stendencyto bankintotheturnandthisresponsehastobecounteredbyapplyingoppositeailerontokeepthewingtip floatoutofwater.Floatplanes,ontheotherhand, haveturningcharacteristicsmoreincommonwith catamaransandmulti-hullsingeneral,butwitha

PopularFlying,November -December,1975

maketheaileronsfullyeffectivequicklyenoughto establishlateralstability.

Finally,thereisanimportantgeneralprinciple regardingcrosswinds,whichdistinguishesallyachts undersailfromallpoweredvehicles.Withpowered vehiclesthestrengthanddirectionoftheprevailing windisnotregisteredsoclearlybysoundandtouch asitisundersail.Anticipatingtheeffectsandhazards ofcrosswindsthereforerequiresmuchgreaterrelianceonvisualclues.

Hydroplaning.

Withseaplanes,thedirectionandvelocityofwind inrelationtothesamequalitiesofwaterareparticularlyimportantattouchdownandtakeoff.Thismay bebestexplainedbytakingasexamplestheconditions ofwind-with-tideorcurrent,andwind-against-tide orcurrent.Asfaraswindisconcerned,theaircraft's stallingairspeedisasignificantfactor,whichforthe Volmeris45knots.

Withwater,hydrodynamicsbecomeasimportant asaerodynamics,thatis,thespeedatwhichhydroplaningforcesmaythemselvespushtheaircraftinto theair,muchasoccurswithspeedboats.Touchdown ismadepreferablydirectlyintowind,andifthewind islight—sayliveknots—butthecurrentstrong—say 10knots—andinthesamedirection,astheVolmer stallstotouchdownonthewateritwillbetravelling atonly40knotsrelativetothenearestvisibleground, butat50knotsrelativetothesurfaceofthewater. Thishydroplaningspeedmayforcetheaircraftoff thewater,inastalledconditionasfarastheairis concerned,sothatitbouncesandfallsbackheavily, perhapstobounceagain,withriskofdamage,as

Photovia J.P.Gait:MI.(1

withcomparablemisjudgedorbouncedwheellandingsonrunways.

Theoppositestateofaffairs.ofwind-against-tide orcurrentusuallyproducesaverydisturbedwater surface.Muchartmaythenbecalledforandtechniqueexercised,totouchdownacrossseveralwaves safelyiftheyareofanysize.Takeoffproblemsin generalinvolvethesameprinciplesasthoseencounteredontouchdown,butglassysurfaceconditionson waterpresentbothwithsituationswhichareunique toseaplaneoperationsandnotencounteredbyother craft.

Sailing.

Whenthewindisstrong.itmaysufficientlydisturb thewatersurfacetointerrupttheeffectivenessofa seaplane'swaterrudder,whichmayriseclearofthe surfacebetweenwaves.Aprocessknownas'sailing' maythenhavetobeadopted,ifitisnecessary,say, totraverseastretchofwaterdiagonallydownand acrosswindslowly.Thisiscomparablewithtacking insailingcraft,sinceitinvolvesfollowingazigzag courserepresentedbytwosidesofaparallelogram.

Theseaplaneisheldjust off thewindwiththeair rudder,onthefirstlegthrottledbackandonthe

RobinOwen's

secondgentlyforward.Enthiswayitisfirst'sailed' downwindandslightlysideways(leeway)anappropriatedistance,followedbytravellingentirelysidewaysforthesecondlegbysettingthethrottleapproximately to counteractthewindforce.

VersatileConvenience.

Amphibianscanbeflownfromthefieldsavailable orfromlakes,rivers,estuaries,shelteredcoastline, eventhe open seaoncalmenoughdays.Onceon water,thewheelscanbeloweredandtheaircraft drivenupontoabeachorslipway,withouttheneed fortrolleysorhandlingparties,andwithouttheneed totransfertoadinghy.Theyalsoprovideanadditionalsafetyfactorincaseofforcedlandingwhen flyingoverornearwater.Farfrombeingneitherone thingnortheotherassomehavesuggested,they incorporatetheadvantagesofbothlandandsea planes.

KennethGrahamecouldwellhavebeenreferring totheflyingscene,whenhewrotein Windinthe Wilton's, 'Nice?It'sthe only thing.Believeme,mv friends,thereis nothing—absolutely nothing—halfso muchworthdoingassimplymessingaboutinboats'.

STRUT NEWS

ThereisnotsomuchnewsfromtheStrutsthis month,presumablydueto'postSywellitis'andthe summerholidays.However,theIPSWICHSTRUT stagedasmallrallyatNaylandonAugust3rd.The scenebelowshowssomeofthemembersaroundthe TigerNlothfromBelchampWalter.

HumbersideAirport,Kirmington.TheStrutisnow knownastheHUMBERSIDESTRUTColinClark sentmethefollowingreport.

OurfirstmeetingwasheldonAugust29th,Our specialguestwasBrianFoxofDoncasterSailplanes. WeplantomeetonthelastFridayofeachmonth at8pm.Anewmembershipsecretaryhastakenover. ColinClark(myself),EricWilliscontinuesastechnicalsecretarytotheStrut.

Wearehopingforincreasedmembershipon Humbersidefollowinganarticleinourlocalpaperon homebuilding.TheprojectfeaturedwaslilyVW poweredTourbillion.OurStrutwasalsogiventime onRadioHumberside.andaguestontheprogramme wasnoneotherthanKenDoddhimself,whowas happytotalkaboutflying.WcaredoingouruppermosttoputHumbersideP.F.A.onthemap.

Thestalwartnewsletterproducershavesenttheir latesteditionsasusual.StuartJacksonisbackagain editingtheEASTMIDLANDSSTRUTNewsletter. TheStrutisalreadyplanningtheRally/Airshowfor 1976,whichisusuallyheldatHucknallairfieldat Whitsuntide.

BoththeANDOVERandSOLENTSTRUTS reportonthesuccessoftheirRallyheldatThruxton onJune8th.Therewasatotalof130visitingaircraft, (seebelowforthefullreport).PophamAirSports centreiswellunderwaywiththemainrunwaynow carvedout,andgrasssowingisimminent

TheREDHILLSTRUTreportsanincreasein members,includingthosenewtotheP.F.A.The Strutnowhasfourflyingaircraftwithanotherfive underconstruction.TheStrutwillholditsannual breakfastpatrolonSunday,28thDecember,Iam surethatMikeHallamwillbedistributingposters nearerthedate.

TheLINCOLNSTRUThasmoveditsvenuedue totheclosureofHemswell.TheStrutnowmeetsat

TheWESTMIDLANDSSTRUTnowhas36 memberswithsevenaircraftflying,andseveralmore underconstruction.TheStrutiscorrespondingwith itslocalSportsCouncil.andalsotherecreationofficersoftwodevelopmentcouncilswishingtogain recognitionof'RecreationalAviationasanimportant andestablishedactivity.

Pleasedon'tforgettosendinyourNewsletters andStrutreports:it'stheonlywaythispagecanbe produced.

ThejointANDOVERSTRUT—WesternAir Trainingopendayon8thJuneprovedtobeasuccess withbothaircraftandweather.The127aircrafton theairfield—excludingtennon-participatingresidents—mustrankasoneofthelargestgatheringsat Thruxton.

Prideofplacefortheoldestaircraftwentto DH.60GMothG-ABAG,andthe'piecedela resistance'wasJohnIsaacs'SpitfireG-BBHwhich wasexpertlyputthroughitspacesbyBobCole.Roy Leggalsogavehisusualbreathtakingdisplayin Jungmeister

Prize-winnerswere

NavigationExercise: S.Foggin,SuperCub90G-AYPO

PrecisionTimedCircuit: A.Dowie,JodelD.112.G-AYEB

SpotLanding: J.Page,CessnaF.I50J.G-AWUT

BestHomebuilt: J.Isaacs,SpitfireG-BBJI

SpitfireIATheHon.P.Lindsay (G-ANT) Harvard1113A.E.Hutton (G-AZKI) TigerModsP.R.Ifarris (G-ANDOX)

D.H.60(3MothD.ILC.IFill

TigerMothGregory

Messenger2AC.C.Lovell

Cub W.T.Knapkin

Alpha R.CHibbers1

Alpha (7.J.Alner

TigerMothIFPottinger

AutocratD.W.Miller

TigerMothBumlen

AutocratSolo

TigerMothA.C.Harold

JackarooM.Brett

Chipmunk22Mrs.A.Fairey

Helfair NW.Markham

JackarooB.Cooper

LeopardMothP.Franklin

Tri-PocerI5t)B.G.Lister

TurbulentJ.NV.West AeronciSedanPoulsen

Commanehe250Lewis

ColtIIIIIlawkinS

Colt108 Ilunford

Colt108J.A.Dodsworth

Terrier 1101111

D.F.FaulkenerBrio

Apache215V.Bellamy

Cessna1821-Donos

K.Browne

T'essrui150A

BolkosvKunoM.%Valli, Soder0.120P.M.(oolUrn .Ninourer100R.Reynolds

St.rouseSV411

lode)0.140C.lesson

CL!,FILI1-.172(1It ICLIlirirli

Cesslo1..172G

Bulk°,JuniorW.H.Jones

CherokeeI811Bartlett

StrimpeSNAB

Cherokee140R.Rippingsle

RallyeClub

CessnaI•.172N

Cherokee140Hosle

CherokeeISOR.T.J.II[times

Nipper3R.S.Brewer

CessnaL.l5011.Merriday

CesSrla721-1I).I+Fouls

Cherokee140Iiirsham

PupI Nelson

PapI Richardson

FAAModelP(Y.R.Edmondson

Biplane ArrOWMartin TO CessnaCI5011SlaeBrick( Cessna15011IEwer

CherokeeISO

CherokeeArrowDunn 180

Condor

Concoursd'Elegance: C.C.Lovell,Messenger2A.G-AIDK

BestWoodandFabricAircraft: P.R.Harris,TigerMoth.P0651

BestAllMetalAircraft: CondorFlyingGroup,Airtourer100.G-ATEX DAVIDD. JOHNSON.

ThruxtonVisitors

Booker

Wroughton

Booker

Finmere

Lee-on-Solent

Kineselere

KnaplonStrip

Weston

Farnborough

AlcorFarm

OldSarum

rnmere

Booker

OldWarden

Thrukroll

Headown

Hannington

White\Veldt:int

Shoreham

Wallinglawd

Tonghrim

FlAree

Wallingford

Ffirickbushe

Goodwood

DrayAO

Shoreham

SI.Just

Broadchalke

Cioodwood

MorelosAirstrh, Gorssl,00,1

HollicachSuJohns Loll

Goodwood

1rorleigh

IIensoidee

Shoreham

Blar GUIs he

Wrouglison

Thorson

Goodwood

(irluluisl oulul

Ilenstridge

Bittern!lir!

Thruslon

Goodwood FIstree

Ilenstridge

Cicoti,nod

Sorverlon

Thnilslur11 Goodwood ieusey

G-ANNFZMusketeerB.0.Corbett

Ci-AWCICCessnaF.2HWatkins

C - AWIFNipper1 ITShrimplon

G-ANSKSRallycClubIlolland

G.AWOBRallyeClub

G-AWSZ,RallyeCommodoreBrooks

G-AWUPCessnaF.1501-IP.Bernier( CEAWUTCessnaF.I501J.Page

CEAXCACherokeeArrow200Stet-don

CS-AXINVPupI R.Chappell

G - ASCASuperCub

CLAXGERallyeClub (1-ANGPCub

CLAX1HJungmeister

GEARKItLutonMinor

CEAXNOPup2

CEANOLCurrie\Vol

Ci-AXPAPupI 'PD

Ci-AXSC (LA>Dill CEA)(TX

Ci-ANVIs

(TA`MP

G-ANEB

Ci-AU

C-AIP (1-AYPO (S-ANTI (LAWS (8-AZPI. CEA7ND CEBAA1

G-11AITU C-BAGR (TBAll

G-BANIIT (i-BANC G-BAOL (TRAPX Ti-BAL,11 Ci-RHBO

G-BBLE (THBFIK

G-111111 (r-F1HJI (r-OBJW tr-BBNIX CEBBNX 0-111)NN

Cr-BBRIC 6-13BSA

G-1313EG CLBFROT G-BCCP

Ci-BCOI-1

G-13CINN

G-13(OR CLBCFC (i-BCVC

G-BCX1 Cr-BITC1

0.S.Murford F.Gardner

R.F.Legg NI.E.laisey Turner

J.A.lispin Wilson

F.W.Vaughan Smith Browne Matthews

PM) 2 JointDR.340 lodel0.112 Cessnahi7211 FournierRF.5 oddI11I2Jones hasletD.I12A.Dowie CrosbyBA.413J.R.Frampton modelDR.1050D.B.Ward Curlie\NagIS.FF.Gould SuperCub90Baster CessnaF.DOI.Kew Condor NVilaI FournierRINFlitchnon CessnaF.172LTipping RollyeCommodore Slings!).761Andrew Cheroliee140R.S.Fcipsick RobinOR.400-125!Nike CessnaI-1A.1501,O'Connell Robin011.400-lenScrape CardenMini:arsD.C.R.Trollope Kanto:Club0,1.Perry RobinDR.400-160Nloreoll model0112Walling Sipa903

R.F.Ogden CherokeeArrowISOWiltshire Harsord1111R.Lamplough 1On A.Bianchi IsaacsSpitfireR.D.Cole CessnaI.150L YIflhilgLIn Chipmunk 22 B.Wild Cessna1RA.1501_(ioldwater CessnaFRA.1501_Whiting FunIA.200-1(4)ReHROlvlson AA.5TraselerG.W.ILO Clipper LI,Allman Cub Mrs.J.NI.C. Robin11RZOO-I00Senior NordNC.854NTP.liar ChipmunkFloCress CherokeeAcrossWirum Rallye10051.Hughes-Man Cub Morgan Rollye10051.Clualle) Cub K.Pyle INTFiner-aadoJ.Ramshros

Thruxion

FifagrnHill Henstridge CollhorpFarm Thruston

Dunkemsell Thruston Thruslop Hochnin EastNADI

Irlstree

Ifeadcorn LittleGrandsen Goodwood

Sywell

Goodwood BigginHill

BigginHill Staverton R!loose

S4Eerupts Fseter Rlusose Illaelsbustle

Goodwood

Sibson

Ilenstridec

SouthMarston Striverlon Blackbushe Inkpen Jersey

FarrantRushton HigginHill leadoorn

Denham

Hungerford

Warminster

Dunkeswell

Gondwool

Luslone Goodwood

Goodwood

Booker

Booker

Bnssininon BiotinIllll

Thr1.151011 CriihrlIWOod Goodvspod

Sibson Nihon

theeGoodwood

Cioodw DO

Redbill

BigginHill

FIstree BigginDill Goodwood

BoginHill Thruston oolIWCILKI

LoaninnMin forKo-mhigtcnAirfichl(HumbersideStrut)

Projects

Aftersomeconsiderabledelayinthehandsofthe printers,therevisedP.F.A.ConstructorsListisnow availableatlast-aswellasacompleteP.E.A.List. ItalsoincludesdetailsofmachinesbuiltfromPhoenix plans,asurveyofBritishNippers,acomprehensive surveyof`non-P.F.A.'UltralightsintheU.K.,HomebuiltsconstructedabroadtoU.K.design,aswellas acompletesurveyofBritishGyrocopters.So,without furtherado,makewithyour65p.(P.andP.incl.) totheP.F.A.Office.

ThethreemonthssinceSywellhaveseenthedestructionofnolessthanfourwell-knownBritishUltralights.WewereverysaddenedtohearoftheunfortunateaccidentwhichbefellDavidBatemaninhisMonoplaneG-BBIY.Tohisfamilyandfriendsweextend muchsympathy.Wemustalsomournthelossof anotheroftheP.F.A.'smoststaunchsupporters, John Randall,whodiedatthecontrolsofhisMonarch G-AFLWinSeptember.Johnwillbesadlymissedand itisindeedatragedythatheneversawhislovely PittsSpecialG-AVLUtofruition.Oftheotherunfortunateaccidents,thedemiseofPeteChannon's TurbulentG-ATKRattheTigerClubdisplayat ShorehamonAugust10thwaswidelyreported. The remainingtwooccurredatthesamestrip,Eastbach Farm,whereKenBowanwasunluckyenoughto severelybendhisBelfairG-ACDCO,andwhereBob OuItonhadatrulyremarkableescapefromahigh speedaccidentinhisPittsG-AZCE.Withoutwishing topreach,itdoesseemthatstrips(andinparticular 'difficult'onessuchasEastbach)oughttobetreated withmuchmorecaution.

FANBURNET1

PFA/538b—In theConstructorsListwemake referencetothelasttimethewineswereseenwasat Dunstablein 1963. KenEllishaswrittentoremindus thattheywereinfactusedbyJackGowlandonthe JennyWrenG-ASRF.Doesanyoneknowwhat happenedtothefuselage(or,forthatmatter,what thecurrentstateoftheJennyWrenis?).

580—The Rollason-builtTurbulentG-ARRZcrashedatDorking.Surrey,on26.5.75,andwasthought tohavebeenwrittenoff.However,itwasregistered toA.P.Dochertyon7.7.75,whichsuggestsits damageishappilynotsoserious.

711--The PontefractAviationSocietyEmeraude hasmovedonagain.KenEllisinformsusthatsince itwaslastseenatSherburn-in-Elmetlastyear(usine incidentallyanAirtourercanopy)itwassoldincompletetoGrenBentley,andtakenearlythisyearfor storageintheBritishAirwaysSuperOne-Eleven DivisionhangaratRingwayAirport.Ithassince beenmovedtoFailsworthwheretheintentionisto incorporateitinarebuildoftheGarland-Bianchi LinnetG-APNS.

842—P. J.DalbysentusafewdetailsofhisLuton MinorprojectwhichheisworkingoninSouthampton.Hecurrentlyhasthefuselageandtailunit complete,andhasjuststartedworkonthewings. Hetellsusthatprogressisslowowingtothefact thatheworksasapolicemaninCentralLondon, andrequestsadviceonsuitablewheelsizesandtypes.

1207—The LutonMajorprojectwehavelistedto

EricCluttonisnodoubttheonethathehasstored inStoke-on-Trent--perhapsEriccanconfirmthis?

1318—N. Buddinhasapparentlyabandonedhis CA-65projectinfavouroftheAcrocratPEA/4510.

1327- -Oneofthelatestprojectstoberegistered ktheBushby-LongMidgetMustangG-BDGAof J.R.OwenofPrestburynearBristol.

1329 -Moredetailshavecometohandonthe KittiwakeIf G-AWGM, builtinitiallybyRobinson AircraftatBlackbushe.ftmadeitsFTon19.3.72, andwassubsequentlyacquiredbyR.Kellettof Arkle R..& D.fthasbeenmodifiedastherelined ArkleKittiwakeIf,andMadeitsF/Finthenewform fromBenendenon29.4.75.Wcawaitmoredetails withinterest.

PEA/1341 -TheCassuttRacerG-AXDZchanged handsonI7.75,beingacquiredbyE.P.Sadler.

1372 --DavidBerry'sIsaacsFuryprojectinNuneatonisnowregisteredG- BDI-IB.

I383—We learnttheotherdaythatthehomebuilt PittsG-AXNZ,whichhaslatterlybeeninusewith theRothmansTeamasareserveaircraft,andfully adornedintheirwell-knowncolours,hasnowbeen acquiredbyPeterCadburyandhasbeenrepainted inhisownAirPegasuslivery.ftnowlivesonhis privatestripatPrestonCandover,andatthetimeof writingwasbeinggenerouslylenttotheU.K.AcrobaticTeamasapracticemount.

1390—The EarleShouler-builtNipperG-AZBA hasnowpassedtotheownershipofPegasusAviation, whoruntheFlyingSchoolatAberdeen/Dyce.

I433—This Monohasapparentlybeenacquired inanunfinishedstatebyG.Penson(whoyouwill rememberwasresponsiblefortheD.9G-AX01).

1516—Muchcontroversyhasarisenoverthetrue ancestryoftheBACApprentice-builtProcterPetrel G-BACA.KenEllisfloatsthelikelytheorythatthis machineandtheearlierregisteredRoyProcterprototypeG-AXSFareoneandthesame.Theprototype G-AXSFwasinitiallyregisteredtoRoyProcter. andconstructionwasstartedbyMiles(R.&D.)at Ford--thewingsandtailunitbeingcompletewhen thewholeprojectwasmovedtoSouthboroughEngineeringofByfleet,Surrey.Nothingwasapparently donehereatall,anditalsospentsometimeinthe hangaratFairoaks.Laterin1970itmovedagainto YorkshireSailplanesforcompletion,butstillno furtherprogressuptothetimeofYorkshireSailplanes'demisein1974.TheBACPetrelmeanwhile startedoutin1974withwingsandtailcomplete,and istohaveaRR/Cont.0-240-A.Theevidenceisthus verygoodtosupportKen'stheorythatG-BACAis infacttheerstwhileG-AXSF—perhapsRoyProcter himselfortheBACApprenticescanputusoutof ourmisery!

1527—Dateoftheunfortunatedestructionof BobOulton'sPittswas2.975—soithadlastedjust fourmonthssinceitsF/Fon4.5.75atWattsFarm.

1582--ThesaaaofDesmondSt.Cyrien'sSopwith Pupcontinues,andanyonewhosawtheMay1975 editionof Sport A rialion willhavebeensuitablyimpressed!Apparentlytheprojectstartedoutasa replicawailvirtuallyacompletegenuineSopwith PupturnedupinFranceattheMuseedeL'Air!

BitsoftheoriginalreplicawerethensoldtoG.Neal inCanada,andotherstotheU.S.A.—allofwhich explainsMr.St.Cyriens'effortstoproveitisa genuinePup.ItsF/Fwasinfacton11.8.73,andthe 'c/n'whichhequotedtotheC.A.A.isinteresting8.5292—thiswhenconvertedintoamilitaryserial numberbecomesaWhitehead-builtSopwithPup— very interesting.

I800—The MinicabG-AVRWwassoldtoR.B. Pybus—alsoatHalfpennyGreen,effective18.4.75.

1819—D. G.Burden'sMinicabhasnowbeenregisteredG-BDGBandwillnodoubteventuallyflyfrom BrianMillsstripatEversden.

3604—Another recentregistrationisthePazmany PL-I ofH.James,whichisG-BDHJ.

10016—After beingabandonedbyG.Hill,the BabyGreatLakesPFA/1576passedontoBenCooper, whointurnsoldittoD.Greenwood,whoisusing thefuselageinhisproject.

NipperNews.

G-ARFV—One ofthreechangesofownership featuresRFVwhichon1.7.75wassoldtoD.M. Squires,P.A.Howell,andE.M.Woodhamof Coventry.

G-ATKZ—Sold toM.W.KnightsofNorwich6.75.

G-AVTC—Still livingwiththeTigerClubatRedhillbutwithonemoreco-owner,namelyG.L. Wrighton.

G-AWDB—This Slingsby-builtNipperwasreportedsoldtoSwitzerlandinMaythisyear.

OtherProjects.

G-AFJADingbat—The WatkinsonDingbat,we aresadtorelate,hasmetitsendinanaccidenton take-offatHeadcornon19.5.75.Attimeofwriting arebuildwasapossibility—albeitaslenderone.

G-ARRJSaucerP.45—We includedthisinthe ConstructorsList—primarilybecausewedidn't knowwhatitwas!Wenowlearnthatitwasmost likelyahovercraft,fateunknown(notthatweare toointerestedanyway!)

G-AYJCStinton-Warren5-31/2—We werealso sadtolearnthatthisprojectisnowalmostcertainly dead—especiallyaftermakinggoodprogresssome yearsback.Itapparentlyfaileditswindtunneltests, andhasbeenabandoned.

G-BCITCranfieldCIT—Those ofyouwhoswallowedtheirprideandattendedthe'FlightInternational'ShowatCranfieldwillnodoubthaveseen detailsandmodelsofthisprojectontheInstitute stand—itisanadvancedaerobaticaircraft,which onesincerelyhopeswillpullbacksomeofthehonours woninrecentyearsbythoseZlins,YaksandPitts. Incidentally,theyreckonitisthefirstwhollyBritish designtoemergesincetheConcorde(thinks wasn'tthathalfFrench?).Bytheway,ifyoudon't liketinaeroplanesanddidn'tgo,youmissedajolly goodshow—everythingfromTurbulentstoVarsitiesinthevisitingpark!

G-BDFUDragonflyMPAMk.I—Not exactlyour cupoftea,butwethoughtwe'dincludeitbyvirtue ofitsbeinghome-built.TheinitialsMPA,ofcourse, standfor'ManPoweredAircraft',anditshould taketotheairatPrestwickinduecourse.Quite whyithasbeenregisteredatall(itisinfactthefirst) escapesme.TheCAAshouldtakenoteofwhathappenedinSwitzerlandwhentheydecidedtoregister hanggliders—after30registrationswereusedup inthefirstthreedaystheyhastilyabandonedthe idea!

G-BDHMCavalier—Registered toD.H.Mitchell ofTarporley,Cheshire,withhisc/nM.01wefeel thismusthaveaP.F.A.numberaswell.

JOHNEDWINRANDALL

Lookingatmylogbook,ittellsmeIfirstflew withJohnRandallearlyin1969;beforethishewas knownatBlackbusheasthechapwhoalwayspreferredtohavetheClubChipmunktofly.

Latein1970JohnboughttheTipsy'OM)andit wasfromthistimethatwebecamemoreclosely associated.FlyingwithJohnin'0X0becamefairly frequent.Mid 1971, afteranewtypeofcarburettor hadbeenfittedin'OXO,webothcarriedoutthe enginetestprogramme.On29thSeptember,1971, JohnboughttheMilesMonarchfromthewriter andshortlyafterwardssold'0X0toSteveMarkham.

AftertheCofAhadbeencarriedoutJohn movedtheMonarchtoWhiteWaltham;aboutthis timeplansofthePittsspecialwerepurchasedby Johnandworkcommencedatagoodrate(itisas yetincomplete).Duringconstruction,visitswere madetotheStatesandJohnmetPapyPitts,such wastheenthusiasmofthisman.Notenoughcanbe saidofJohn'sdedicationtoflying,andinhis attemptsinfurtheringitscausehehadavisionof bothvintageandamateurconstructedaircraft underthesamemantleofcertification.

YoumayhaveheardhimspeakoutatSywell overthelastfewyears,withapleatotheengineeringsidetoacceptmorevintageaircraftontheir books.Hecontinuallypushedhardtotrytokeep thecostofflying—ourkindofflying--down.

JohnwasafounderoftheBerkshirestrut• Businesscommitmentsonlyheldbackhisfurther involvementwiththeP.F.A.

Iwillfinishwithjustasmallreminiscence.The lastoccasionIflewwithJohnwasonAugust17th; hewascompletinghischeckoutontheMilesMI8. AfteronelandingIpulledhisleg:itwasnotabad landing!-O.K.",hesaid,"showmehow,genius". succeededindoingoneofmynottoogoodlandingsandhadtogoroundagain,followedbyroarsof laughterfromJohnsittinginthebackcockpit!

SuchwasJohn;helovedflying—everymoment ofit.Formeflyingwon'tbethesame.Ihavelosta truefriend,the P.F.A. andaviationhavelostagood man.Mrs.PaulineRandallhaslostagoodhusband andfather.Wehavealllostsomeonewecannot replace—JohnEdwinRandall

REXE.COATES

J.&M.WHITING

68LongSt. Thirsk N.Yorks. TeL: 0845-23235

WELDING

Weldedsubassembliesmadetoyourplans. Fuselagesreadywelded.

Example: Pitts.Stolps.AcroSportsEtc.

Sendplansforquote.Alllettersanswered. Wecanofferyouagoodhonestservice.We alsoarehomebuildersandunderstandyour problems.

AgentsforASH360VHF.

Building"Sprite"-Part

byBarryParkinson

LittledidFrealisesixyearsagoandover8000hrs. ofhardworklater,thatIwouldnothavecompleted 'Sprite',andIstillestimatethatafterthislengthoftime wehavemostof1975togobeforeG-BCWHwilltake totheair.Wheniteventuallydoes,thetimeconsumed initsmanufacturewillamounttosomethingaround the9000hr.mark.ithascertainlybeenachallenge whichIhopetodescribeinthebestwaythatIcanin thisseriesofarticles,andhopethatthefinalonewill describetheeventswhichtakeplaceleadingupto,and duringitsfirstflight.

Buttorecap,itallbeganoneMondayeveningover apintinthe'ThatchedHouse'pub.Poulton-le-Fylde, withtheconversationcentredaroundrebuilding vintagemotorCars.IhappenedtomentiontoFrank Naylor,whowas,inthoseearlydaysamemberofthe groupofbuilderswhostartedthisproject,thatIhad formanyyearsbeeninterestedintherebuildofa veteranaircraft,butthethingstoppingmewasmoney andaplacelargeenough,andwithsuitableheatingto makethetaskreasonablycomfortabletocarryout. Fromthisconversationdevelopedideasaboutbuilding anaii-craftfromscratch,andtheusualargumentsarose aboutmetalorwoodenconstruction.Afteralotoftalk thedecisionwasfinallymadetobuildametalaircraft ofmoderndesignandreasonablygoodlooksandat thatpointintimealotofinterestwasbeingshownina newdesignforthehomebuilderwhichturnedoutto be'SPRITE'.Thisseemedtofitthebillnicely.After all,twoofushadspentanaccumulationof40years plusintheindustryandwithallthismetalstructure experiencebehindus,ithadtobeametaldesign.IfI hadtomakemyminduptodayIwouldcompletely reversethatdecisionandchooseawoodenstructure. Myreasonsforthiswillbecomeclearthroughoutthis seriesofarticles.

Wemadeupourmindstosendforthedrawingsand beginmanufacturingallthedetails.Inthemeantime wehadrecruitedtwootherinterestedpartiesmaking ourteamuptofour—oneofthetwonewcrewmembersbeinganotherB.A.C.employeewhohadserved hisapprenticeshipwiththeCompany.Heisoneofthe peoplewithinindustrytodaywhohasbecomesomethingofararity—beinganabsoluteperfectionistat hisjob,whetheritismakingtoolsandjigsformanufacturingcomponentsorfabricatingthefinished article.

So,nowwehadthebeginningsofourgroupand FrankNaylor'scarbegantwoyearslifeintheopen whilstwetookupthegaragespacetobeginproductionofsomethingweallthoughtwouldtakeabout twoyearstobuild.

Afterwhatseemedtobeabouttwomonths,butwas infactnotquitetwoweeks,thedrawingsarrived. rememberwaitingeverymorningforthepostmanand thedisappointmentwhentheydidnotarrive—. incidentallytheynowlanguishbeneaththebench, dirty,tornandhardlyeverlookedat.Materialswere eventuallypurchasedforthemanufactureofthe mainsparfromRappMetalsandallthesheetmaterials weresubsequentlyboughtfromB.A.C.

Atthisstagewecameupagainstourfirstproblem— thesupplyofmaterialsinsmallquantities,inthiscase thesoliddrawnextrusioncalledupforthemainspar. UnfortunatelyB.A.C.didnotstockthesectionwe neededandRappMetalswouldnotsupplythesmall amountrequired.Eventuallytheproblemwassolved

byBrianHealeyfrom'Practavia'whoorderedalarge amountandsoldthistoseveralofthebuilders.Ihave oftenwonderedaboutpeopletryingtobuymetalin smallquantitiesandthetimeandtroubleinvolvedin shoppingaround:forthisreasonweareindebtedto B.A.C.fortheassistancewehavereceivedfromthem overtheperiodoftimewehavebeenbuilding.

Nowthatmydescriptionofhowitallbeganis dispensedwithIwilltrytodescribesomeoftheproblemsinvolvedinthemanufactureofthecomponents inthewing,startingwiththejobwhichfelltome,that offabricationofthewingribs.Tobeginwith,there arc57halfribsinthe'SPRITE'wing,26forwardand 31aftofthemainspar,thisisnotcountmgthewing tipfueltankribswhicharethesameprofilebutare manufacturedtoonepiece.Inanattempttoassistthe homebuilderinhiseffortsthewinghasbeendesigned constantcordandwithnotaper,butIdobelievethat ifthishadbeenawoodenaircraftthewingswould havebeenproducedmuchquickerthantheywere, becauseoftheamountofworkinvolvedinproducing formersandtemplatesbeforeanyribscouldbeproduced,whichamountedintimetosomethinglikea month'swork.So,becauseofthenumberofribstobe producedwedecidedtodothetoolingfortheseas professionallyaspossiblewithaviewtoloaningthem outforasmallfeetootherhomebuildersandthereby hangsanotherstory(forwehavenotseenthemfor overtwoyearssinceloaningthemtoanotherbuilder!). Theuseofplywoodorhardwoodwouldnotbe satisfactoryforcontinuousmanufacture,becauseof deformationoftheformerwhichtakesplaceafter successivehammeringofribsaroundtheformingtool. Itwasdecidedtouseacommerciallyusedmaterial called'MICARTA'whichinourcasewas.+"thick, (Fig.I).Thisisaveryhardlaminatemadefromthin veneersof'Beech'andthenlaminatedtogetherbya methodofbondingwhichisunknowntothewriter,to makeanextremelyhardanddurablematerialideally suitedtotheaircraftindustryforthemakingofformingtools.Ribsarepositionedinthewingwithsome flangedtotheleftandsometotherightsoImadethe formingtooltoactbothasabackingplateorforming toolaccordingtowhicheverribwasbeingproduced (Fig.I).Thenosesectionwascutofftoeasemanufacture,asonecanappreciatethedifficultiesencountered whentryingtoformacornerassharpasthiswithout theuseofapowerpress..Thenosesectioncanbe removedinthiswayastheleadingedgeskin,when formed,issufficientlystifftoallowthistobedone.

Fortunatelyforus,wehadtheuseofasaltbathfor normalisingourL72materialbeforestartingtomanufacturetheribs,andthisprocessreducestheproblem offormingit,asotherbuilderswillhavefoundtotheir costwhodonothavesuchaluxuryathand,because thinksomewastageisboundtooccurduringthe periodoflearninghowtoworkitinanuntreated condition.Theaboveremarksdonotmeantosaythat L72cannotbeworkedinitscoldstateasIhaveseen excellentexamplesproducedinthiswaybytwoother 'SPRITE'buildersinBarnet.Soifyourmetalhasbeen normalised,itwillremaininaworkableconditionfor roughly2hoursafterwhichitwillslowlyreturntoits normalcondition.Itisapointofinterestworth mentioning,thatifyouareinapositionwherebyyou cantreatyourT72,itcanbekeptinthisstateforsix daysifitisimmediatelyplacedinarefrigeratorat

-45'cthereforeallowingyoutoworkononeribata time.

Becauseoftheamountofworkinvolvedinshaping ribsthematerialhadreturnedtoitsnormalcondition beforeIhadtimetotrepantheholesreadyforpressing inthestiffeningflanges,thisIdecidedtoattempt untreated.ForthistaskIborrowedthreedifferent sizedflangingtoolsfromB.A.C.andcausedmyself problemsastheseproducea.3flangewhichstartedto crackwhenbeingpressedout,soIreducedtheflange sizedownto.15whichisadequatetostiffentherib andnofurthercrackingoccurred.Theproblemwas broughtaboutbytryingtoformtoodeepaflange withthematerialinacoldstate.SeeFig.2.Iwould liketoclarifytheaboveparagraphalittlemoreand saythatwiththeribshapedcorrectlyitwasnot possibletoputitbackinthesaltbath,asatthesort oftemperatureinvolved50(rc=5',therewouldbefar toomuchdistortiontakingplaceforittobeworthwhile,andIfeltsurethatTcoulddothejobcold—asit turnedoutthiswasthecaseexceptforthescrapping ofthefirstthreethatweremanufactured.

Finally,theremainingthingthatrequiredattention wastoremoveorreduceasmuchaspossiblethebowingwhichtakesplacetowardstheleadingedgeofthe rib.Thiscomesaboutwhenitisbeingformedandthe surplusmaterialcannotbelost,sotheuseofashrink-

PopularFlying,November-December,1975

ingmachineisaveryusefulpieceofkittohave around.Intheabsenceofsuchanitemthesurplus metalcanbelostbyadditionalcrimpingaroundthe sharperpartoftheradiusasper'CESSNA'typeof manufacturewheresmalldepressionscanbefound betweeneachrivet.

FIG.3.Inconclusion,thereisanadditionalitemto theformingtool,whichisadraw,fileandcutting template.Tomakethisyourequireapieceofreasonablyheavygaugematerial,say16swgupwardswith thetoolingpinpositionsmarkedanddrilledoffintheir correctpositions.OntothisplottheCO-ORDINATES andjointhemup,butindoingthisdon'tforgetto deductthemetalthicknessofyourrib,whichinthis caseis.028for22swg,otherwiseyouwillfinishup withribsthatarelargerthanrequired,sothatwhen theyareattachedtothemainspartheywillbestanding proudofit.Oncetheshapehasbeenestablishedmark theflangesouttogetherwithanyothercut-outsthat arerequired.Timespentmakingthistemplateiswell rewardedasitallowsyoutomakealltheblanks exactlyand,severalcanbeboltedtogetherusingthe toolingpinholes,thenfiledtothecorrectshape required,italsoallowsyoutomarkoutalltheribs withtheminimumofmaterialwastage.Inthenext articleIwilltrytodescribemanufactureofthemainsparandtheformingofthewingleadingedgeskins.

AMemoryofMoths.

JohnBeeswax's VINTAGE NEWS

Thoselightairsofthis 10112 warmsummerwhich broughtussuchsweetflyingweatherinwhichto exerciseouroldmachines,sawthepassingofaman whosenameissynonymouswiththefamousde HavillandseriesofMothlightaeroplanes.Hubert BroadlearnedtoflyatHendonin1915athisown expense;andfollowingadistinguishedServicecareer becameafreelanceairshowanddemonstrationpilot.

Recognitionofhisexpertiseinthisroleresulted inhisappointment,in1921,aschieftestpilotfor thedeHavillandAircraftCompanyatStagLane aerodrome,Edgeware,andthushewasinvolvedin thedevelopmentofalloftheD.H.aircraftuntil 1935whenheresumedhisservicecareerwiththe RoyalAirForceasatestpilot.BroadflewtheCirrus Mothtofirstplaceinthe1926King'sCuprace,and laterestablisheda24-hourendurancerecordina D.H.60GipsyMothtopublicisethedependability ofthenewGipsyIengine.

Duringthesameperiodhesetupanewspeed recordwiththeamazingD.H.71'Tiger'Mothmonoplanethatwasbuiltasahighspeedresearchmachine andflyingtestbedfortheGipsyIengine.Histest reportsonalltheprototypeMothsassistedthe engineerstoadjustthegearing_andvarycontrol surfaceareasinsuchawayastoobtaintheoptimum easeinhandlingtheaircraft.ftmaybefairlysaid thatHubertBroad'slegacytoaviationistheexquisitefeelofthedeHavillandlightaeroplanes,and inparticulartheD.FL82TieerMothbiplanetrainer.

AlwaysanenthusiasLheattendedaviationmeetings andairshowsloneafterhisretirementandwasalways availablewithfriendlycounseltothosewhosought it.Onesuchbeneficiaryofhisseasonedadviceis VintageClubmemberPeterFranklin,whohasrebuilttwodeHavi[landtypes,aDH.85Leopard Moth,andaD.H.87HornetMoth.Itshouldbe mentionedthatPeterhasbeenadedicatedD.H.fan sincehisveryfirstflightasapassengerinaD.H.60G,

G-AAAAflownbyPeterdeHavillandduringthe earlythirties.

SincethatmemorableflightatStagLaneaerodromePeterFranklinhaskeptintouchwithmanyof thepeoplewhoworkedfordeHaytilandandconsequentlyknewHubertBroadquitewell.Duringhis questforsparepartstorebuildtheLeopard,itwas BroadwholedhimtoLeavesdenwhereawhole storeofpre-warMothspareswerepackedawayin theoldFireStation.Franklinboughtthelotfor£20! Later,whenhehadcompletedhisworkofrebuilding bothMoths,adiscussionwithHubertBroaddisclosedthesimpleruleofthumbusedbydeHavillands whenchoosingasuitablepropellerforanyofthe GipsypoweredMoths.Thesecretlayinselectinga pitchanddiameterwhichgavebetween1950-2050 r.p.m.duringthestaticrunontheground.Atfull poweranylessthan1950andthepitchwastoocoarse forasafetake-offandclimbperformance.while morethan2050wastoofineforanefficientcruise.

MostofuswilljoinPeterFranklininlamenting thatHubertBroadwastoomodestamantopublish hismemoirs,andagreethatanaccountoftheinside oftestflyingduringtheexcitingperiodfrom1921 until1940wouldhavebeenagreatadditiontoour aviationhistory.However,deeds,theysay,speak louderthanwords,andafteryouhavetakenoff inyourTigerMothandyoueasethenoseuptothe climbingattitude,thelightbutpositivefeelwhich caressesyourhandsisinitselfatributetoCapt. HubertStanfordBroad

Vintage.4fret-al?ClubphotographerBahAndrewsstudiesthecockpitlayoutqfPeterHarris1411.82a TigerMoth.flop.5ec.fatlyHaroldflewtheTigertothemeetingwhilePeterit-asonholfrlay.

(Photo:AlanChalkley)

PopularFlying,November-Do:ember.1975

YesterdayRecapturedatFinmere.

-Judgedbyanyclubstandards,theVintageAircraft SummerCampwasaroaringsuccess.Fromthe carefullyplannedcompetitionflyingtothecarefree surroundingsofthenearbycampsitetheexciting atmosphereofapre-warflyingmeetingwasrecapturedforawholeweekend.Banishedtemporarily wereradioandsmartfuelpumpstobereplacedwith Aldis,windsockandchamoisleather,whilelending totheauraoftheoccasion,thesuncontinuedto shinethroughoutthethreedays.

Childrenplayedsafelyinthefouracreheldused asthecampsiteandlocatedone-thirdofamilefrom theaircraftmovementarea,whereasteadystream ofpassengerflyingwastakingplaceformostofthe time.UnderthewatchfuleyesofWalterPipeandhis familywhohadconvertedtheirV.W.mini-businto acontrolcaravan,Vintageaircrafttookoffand landedonthe2000ft.hardrunway,orthestubble heldimmediatelynorthoftherunway.

OnSunday,committeememberDouglasWilsonSpratt,aidedbyalargeteamofhard-workinghelpers, organisedanavigationandspotlandingcompetition thathadusallbuzzingaroundBuckinghamshireand circlingsuspectedcheckpointswithgreatfervour inthebeautifullyclearweather.Atimedarrival overheadandasuccessfulpower-offspotlanding wererequired to completetheevent.

OnSundayeveningthehighlightofthesocialside oftheSummerCamptookplaceonthesoftturfof thecampingheld,wherebythelightofthesetting sun,charcoaltireswerebeinglittocookthesteaks andchickensfortheBarbequesupper.Asthelast glowofdaylightfadedandtheplayfulnortherly breezewassubduedtoatranquilcalmwewatched twolargetissuepaperhot-airballoonsascendand floatgentlyoverourheads.Theseweremadeand launchedbyChrisPipeandhisdad,andformostof ustheirpassagesymbolisedtheserenityoftheoccasion.Thecookingtiresweresoonsizzlingwith steaksexpertlytendedbymembersoftheUnited StatesAirForcefromnearbyUpperHeyford,and aqueueofmorethanahundredVintageClubmembersandtheirguestswereshortlytoenjoyanexcellent mealwhichalsoincludedsaladandhome-madewine.

MorepassengerflyingtookplaceonMondaywhen memberstooktheopportunitytoflyeachother's aircraft,therebeingabsolutelycalmconditions.The

PopulaiFlying,Novernber-DeeenTher.1975

meetingendedwithastreamtake-offandformation flighttoOldWardenwheretheClubmachineswere requiredtotakepartinaIlypastfortheShuttleworthTrustBankHolidayAirSilow:

Thisnarrativecouldnotbeconcludedwithout recordingourthankstoBillyKnapton,whoallowed theClubtouseFinmeceonceagain,andtoallthe memberswhohelpedtopreparethesiteandalsoto clearupthemessafterwards:nosmalltaskwhen oneconsidersthatincludingchildrentherewere 56campers(nottomentionthedogs!).Over300 aircraftmovementswererecordedandallthistook placewithoutanyincidentmarringthesafetyrecord oftheClub,atributenotonlytothecrewsandmarshattersbutalsotothefamiliesandtheirresponsible behaviourintheaircraftmanoeuvringareas.The wholespiritofthisVintageSummerCampcouldbe likenedtotheprizesawardedtotheluckywinners ofthenavigationcompetition'beerandflowersall theway'.

ThespiritofthekintageClubSummerCampis ulmirablystemmedup b•these happ•youngstersat ?layinthecampsiteichiletheirdadsmesselbowwith oldaeroplanes. (Photo:RogerTurner FRomiiiFP.F.A. OFFICE.

withEmbossedPFAEmblemonCover

ORoraNow--FEDIssw:90plad.P.

ChairmanCarlButler 017 passenger.flyingdulylandthgaPiper.1-3Cub.Ilisyoungpasse»gerinthe 11ontseallooksoutas.theypanMccontrol V.W. mini-hus.Thecawpingareaisinthedistantbackground. (Photo:AlanChalkley).

Druine1131Turbulent

byMikeClarke

ThefunnameforthisaircraftistheDruincD.31 Turbulent,designedbytheFrenchmanRogerDruine foramateurconstruction.ftisasingleseatlowwing ultralightmonoplaneofconventionalspruceand birchplyconstruction,withtheinterestingfeature ofaleadingedgeslotineachwing.Themostusual powerplantisaVolkswagenengineandvariousdifferentconversionscanbeused.Otherfeaturesofthis aircraftareanoptionalslidingcanopyandabaggage lockersuitableforupto25pounds.

Althoughthisaircraftisprimarilyintendedfor a SpecialCategoryCofA.onewasbuiltbyRollasons forafullCofA.andtheonlymajormodification requiredwasanimprovedwingmainspar.This aircraftisregisteredG-ARLZ.

AtpresenttherearemanyTurbulentsflying throughoutEuropewithnolessthan33ontheU.K. Register.TherearealsothreeTurbis,a2-scatversion oftheTurbulent,inthisCountryaswell.

Themainsizeandperformancefiguresaregiven below.

Size Performance(with45-h.p.engine) Span2Ift.7ins. Max.levelspeed95kts. Length17ft.6ins. Vnel08kts.

Wingarea77.5sq.0.Stallingspeed39kts. Max.takeoffweightMax.rateofclimb 620lbs. 450ft./min.

Plansmaybeobtainedfrom:—RollasonAircraft, ShorehamAirport,Shoreham-by-Sca,Sussex.Price £18.Inlandpostpaid.

G-ASMMandG-ARMZaretwoRollasonbuilt Turbulentsfittedwithcanopiesforwintercomfort. ThetypicalV.W.installationisclearlyshowninthe photoofG-APUY.astandardopenTurbulent.ShowingwhatcanbedonewithanenginecowlG-ARBLis alsoanopenhombuiltTurbulent.

PhotosIkrP.MonowlM.P.Marsh

MikeVaisey's GroupNews

"Groups?SurelyyoumeanStruts,don'tyou?" saidafellowenthusiastaswesatintheshadeofthe wingandtalkedaeroplanes,asusual.Hisremark confirmedapointofconfusionthatIhaveoften heardexpressedandpromptsmetodevoteafewlines thismonthtoexplaininghowGroupsfitintothe structureoftheAssociationandhowtheydiffer entirelyfromStruts.

Strutshaveevolvedinrecentyearsas,quitesimply, localmeetingsofmembersonaninformalregional levelthatenableindividualstogettogethertotalk, discuss,toderivemutualinterestandstimulustowards one'sownprojectandgenerallytobecomeactively involvedinoursportata'grassroots'level—touse anowadayswell-worncliche.LocalStrutsareopen toanyP.F.A.memberwhocarestoturnupand, theirsuccessinbringingidentitytoallindividuals that are the P. F.A.,canbeseeninthewordsofRobin Owen'sStrutNewswhichbringsnewsoffeverish activityandnewStrutformationsatalmostevery issue.

P.FA.Groups,however,havebydefinitiona 'closed'membership.Agroupofindividualsmight unitetogethertoaccomplishaspecifictask.Itmay betocombineinajointefforttobuildorrebuild anaircraftoftheirown,ortoresearchandpreserve ouraeronauticalheritageor,asismoreoftenthe case,theymightclubtogethertobuyandoperate anaircraftoftheirown,thusreapingthebenefitof sharingthecostandsogettingoffthegroundat absoluteminimumcost.Indeeditisafactthatan awfullotofmembersofouraffiliatedGroupswould beotherwiseunabletogetaloftiftheyhadtorely solelyontheirlocalcommercialCluborSchool.

Inthelightofpresent-dayescallationofflying coststheconceptofco-operatingjointlytorunan aeroplaneasaGroupisdoublyattractive.Anyone (aslongasthereareatleastthreeofthem)may formaGroup,andtheAssociationwillassistby givingadviceonformationandguidanceonsuch operatingproblemsassuggestedrules,training,insurance,costing,VAT,andevenwhataircrafttobuy.

BybecomingaffiliatedasaGroup,theAssociation isalsothenabletocountyoursupportwhendealing withitstaskofrepresentingourkindofflyingto

thepowers-that-be,whichratesveryhighlyinkeeping thisuniquesportofoursaliveandflourishing.

Well,nowtotheGroupsthemselves.Specifically, theCambridgeFlyingGroupmustsurelyrankasthe onlyclubtodayofferingcompletetuitionfrom ab initio toG.F.T.onthevenerableTiger.TheGroup havetwoaircraftwhichareoperatedunderthe guidinghandofC.F.I.BillIson,fromalittlegroup ofbuildingsontheperimeterofCambridgeAirport, comprisingahangarwithsomeveryneatcanvas 'doors'thatopenandcloselikeenormousstage curtains,andacoupleofhutsthatserveasflight officeandall-importantbarcumlounge.Theyare alltremendouslyenthusiasticaboutflying,andthe aircrafttheyfly,butdefinitelydonotmissoutonthe apre-flyingactivitieseither.Along-establishedGroup theyhaveatpresentaboutsixtymembersofwhich sometwo-thirdsareflyingmembers.Despitethis numberthedemandforaircraftisstillcomfortable andtheyarealwaysreadytotakenewmembers, which,attheverylowannualsubscriptiontheycharge, isarealbargainconsideringtherearen'tmanyplaces whereyoucanflyaTigerMoththesedays.

TheGroupactuallyoperatesasalimitedliability company,whichisapointworthconsideringforany Groupwhenmembershipnumbersstarttoclimb, especiallyintheeventofaninsuranceclaimfailing throughsometechnicalityorother.

YettheGroupstilloperatesunderdifficulties, whichareperhapsinherentinflyingfrontsuchan airfield.TvisitedthemonagloriousSaturdayin earlyAugust—justthesortofdaywhenonelooks forwardtoapleasant,half-houronacalmevening attheendofabeautifulsummer'sday--yetthe airfieldclosesat6o'clock,andwithitstopsthe flying!

AttheendofthedayBilltookmeforaquick circuitinoneoftheTigers.Aswetaxiedouthe advisedthetowerofourintentions.

"Roger—weclosein sixteen minutes",camethe curtreply!

TheP.F.A.OfficeatShorehamnowhasalistof affiliatedGroupsfor1975-76whichfallunderfour broadcategories: FLYING,TRAINING,CONSTRUCTION and PRESERVATION. Severallong-establishedGroups haveoverlookedreturningtheirRenewalFormsfor thecurrentperiod.ITyourGroupisoneofthem pleasemakecontactrightaway.Acopyofthe GroupListisavailablefromtheP.F.A.Officeon receiptofanS.A.E.

SonwMembersoftheCanthriclgeFlyingGroup

PhotobyAl.Vaisey

FromW. H. EKIN

WhenIfirststartedtoflytheBensenGyroglider, andthentheBensenGyrocopter10-11yearsago,I wasextremelyfortunatetohavethesoleuseofa 6000ft.longby150fLwiderunway,apartfroma fewcowswhouseditforpurposesnotoriginallyin themindsoftherunwaycontractors.Sincethen,the airfieldhasbeensplitintonumeroussmallparcels ofland,andsoldbacktotheoriginallandowners, withtheresultthattheuseablelengthsofrunway betweensubstantiallyconstructedfences,builtunder aGovernmentAgriculturalSubsidy,havebecome muchshorter.Notonlyaretherefencesacrossthe runway,butalsoparalleltoit.

Beingaverytrepidaviator,Iliketohaveafair marginforthetake-offrun,say,aminimumofthree timesthenormaltake-offdistanceatstandardtemperaturebeforethefirstimmovableobject,viz.a 4ft.highfence.Itwouldbeapoortake-offtotake morethantwicethenormalT.O.distanceandthere wouldstillbeenoughroomtocometoafullstopin theremainingthird.Withanyhead-wind,theposition wouldbeimproved,butwitha90deg.cross-windthe T.O.runiselongated.Ihaveflowninalltemperatures from40deg.F.to75deg.F.,andcertainlythere wouldbeverylittlemarginifthetemperaturewas 75deg.F.

Consequently,Iwasstimulatedtothinkabout abandonedtake-offsbeforerecentlypractisingthem.

ThefirstpointIconsideredessentialwastoestablishamarkontherunway(inmycaseanorangecolouredplasticbucket)atwhichoneshouldbewell andtrulyairborneandallsystemsworkingperfectly. Ifnot,afirmandirreversibledecisionshouldbemade immediatelytoabort.

Thefirstactionrequiredwouldbeeither(a)to switchtheengineoff;or(b)toclosethethrottle. Action(a)isdrastic,butitispreferabletoattempting toflyat3;ft.overa4ft.fence!However,therewould belargetrimchangesbetweenmaximumpowerand nopower,andconsiderablerudderpowerwouldbe lost.Onbalance,asIreckonagooddealofskill wouldberequiredtoeffectasmoothlandingifthe enginewassuddenlyswitchedoffatverylowaltitude, Ielectedtoclosemythrottle.

Onewouldnormallyflare-out,andastherotorhas suchapoorlift-dragratio,itactslikeabrakingparachuteandquicklyreducesone'sforwardvelocity fromflyingspeedtoperhaps10-15m.p.h.I.A.S.

Thenextactioncouldthenbetoswitchtheengine off,especiallyiftherewerenowindsandif,when idling,itgaveafairthrust.Alternativelythebrakes couldbeapplied.

Oneenormousdisadvantageofhavingonlyanosewheelbrakenowbecomesapparent.Ifthenosewheelisnotontheground,suchasisthecasewhen flaring,itain'tgoingtodoanybraking!Thisisan occasionwheremain-wheelbrakescouldpayoff. Brakes.

OnmyBensenGyrocopterIhadthestandard nose-wheelbrakewhichsomewaghaschristenedthe 'Good-Year'brake,i.e.becauseitlastedforagood year!Itwasahorizontallyhingedpieceofhalfinch plywoodwhichonesimplypressedwithone'sfeet againstthenose-wheeltyre.Thiswastheonlybrake andworkedreasonablywell,butdidhavesomedrawbacks:(1)thetyreswerewornout,andextracting onepunyindustrialtyrefromafirmthesizeof DunlopLtd.requiredthepatienceofJob.When

taxyingdownwindinagoodbreeze,especiallywith theMcCullochengine,whichdidn'tlikeslowidling, onehadtousethebrakealottopreventfasttaxying which,allgyronautsshouldknow,canimposetremendousbendingstressesontherotorsunlessthey arespinning,whichissomewhatdifficultwhengoing down-windandwithoutanenginedrivenrotorspinupsystem:(2)therewasnowayoflockingthebrake on.

Inmynextautogyro,theMcCandlessMk.4Autogyro,thenose-wheelbrakestillboreontheoutside ofthetyre,butthistimedidhavethefacilityofbeing capableofbeinglockedonbymeansofageometric, over-centrebrake-lever,anditwaslightertoboot. Thiswasanimprovement.Inboththeabovecasesyou couldjustaboutholdtheautogyrostationaryat fullthrottle.Watchingtheenginethrustpushingthe nose-wheelintothearoundrevealedthewisdomof havingthebrakeonthenose-wheelandnotthe main-wheels.

InmyownAutogyro,theW.FI.E.'Airbuggy',I decidedtousea5in.drum-brake.ThishasnodifficultyinholdingtheAutogyroatfullpower,andits lifeismuchincreased.Enaineering-wise,itisamuch betterjobthanthepreviousbrakes,buttobebrutally self-critical,Inowwonderwhetheritistoogood.It isaninterestingexercisetowritedownalistof occasionswhenoneneedsabrake(orchocks).

(1)EngineStarting.

WhenstandingoutsidetheAutogyro,especially infrontofthepropellerandstartingtheengine,one mustbe certain thatthebrakeisON(andis effective), and/orchocksareinposition.Ifoneintendsmaking anout-landing,carryingchocksonanautogyrois scarcelypracticable.Ideally,thereshouldbeaperson seatedinthemachineifstartingisbeingdonefrom outsidethemachine;butthelistofone'sfriendswho arewillingtoregularlydosittingdutyinanexposed machine,i.e.onacoldwindyairfield.isshort.Failingtohavechocksorstoicalfriendsnecessitates

Nose-wheeldrum-brakeasfittedtotheWIl Airbuggy'(whilethemudguardmightbethebestshapeto producedrag,itisverylightandisveryeffectivein preventingadelugeofcownianure,waterandstones beingthron 71 huothepropelled,

PopularFlying,November-Decemher,1975

thatthebrakeis100percent,reliable,orstartingis byinternalleverasintheMcCandlessMk.4or electricasinthe'Airbuggy'.

EngineTest.

PriortoeachflyingsessionIliketogivemyengine amaximumpowercheck.Thedrum-brakeworks excellentlyonahardsurfacebutongrassthetyre willskid.ITone,ontheotherhand,hadbrakeson themain-wheelsonly,thenIbelievethatinmymachine,whereIhavebeenabletolifttheL.H.wheel rightoffthegroundatfullpowerwhenstationary, butwithawindabout30deg.totheleft,itwouldbe dangerous.

Spin-up.

Duringtheinitialspin-upoftherotor,onecertainly doesn'twanttowasterunwaybygoingforward prematurely.However,ifthebrakeholdsthemachine atmaximumpower,itwillcertainlyholditatmaximumspin-uppower.

ShortandAbortedTake-offs.

Ifthenose-wheelisn'tactuallyontheground,or thegroundisslippery,itwillnotmatterhoweffectiveitis.

TaxyingDown-wind.

Ifthewindisstrong,thebrakewillhavetobeused quitealot.However,themoreproficienttheautogyropilotis,thelessdown-windtaxyinghe'llhave todo.

Inengineering,andespeciallyaeronauticalengineering,onegetsnothingfornothing,andthe'price'of thedrum-brakeis:

extracostofthedrumbrake; extradragduetowidernose-wheelandnosewheelfork.

extraweightduetothedrumbrakeandwider nosewheelfork.Also,thenose-wheelstem mayhavetobere-inforcedbecauseofthe greaterbrakingforcesthatcanbedeveloped.

Whiletheextradragandweight,asafractionof theoveralldragandA.U.W.,isverysmall,Ihave foundfromsadexperiencethatanextrapoundhere andanotherthereleadstoaveryrapidweightbuildup.Tocarrytheextraweight,theenginehastogo harder;soitusesmorepetrol;soyoucarrymore togothesamedistance;sotheenginerunsharder tocarrytheextrafuel;soitgetshotter;soyouadd anoilcoolerand/orcoolingcowls;soyouincrease theweightanddragofthemachine:soyouneed morepowertoflyatthesamespeed;etc.,etc.Ftis ratherlikeahouseofcards.

Conclusion.

AlthoughIcouldlightenthedrumbrakebyusing duralwhichisnearlyone-thirdtheweightofmild steel,isasstrong,butissofter,thusnecessitating platingoftheworkingsurface;ordesignalighter discbrake,TthinkI'lldiscardmyhighlyeffective drumbrakeandreverttothe'leaning-against-thetyre'type!Suchisthepriceofexperience!

STOPPRESS....

REDHILLSTRUTFLY-1NANDBREAKFAST PATROL

BreakfastpatroltobeheldonSunday.December28, 1975between9and10.00a.m.Landingfree,buta smallchargewillbemadeforbreakfast.

PilotspleasenotethattheGatwickControlZone runsalongtheSouthernedgeoftheairfieldandthe airfieldmustbeapproachedbelow1500ft.

SOUTHERNSTRUT

TheSouthernStrutnowmeetsonthe3rdWednesday oftheMonthatSHOREHAMAIRPORT,Terminal Building.

FROMTHEPFAOFFICE:

Itisregrettedthatduetothedevaluationofthepound againstthedollar,increasedpostalchargesandgeneral inflation,itisnolongerpossiblefortheP.F.A.toabsorb theseincreases.Thefollowingchargeswillhaveimmediate effect.

PricePAP.

LightAircraftDesignExample3-5035p byLloydJenkinson

LightPlaneDesignbyL.Pazmany4.5030p

LightAirplaneConstruction50030p byL.Pazmany

PracticalLightplaneDesignandConstructionbyW.Fike2.7030p

LightAircraftDesignHandbook3-5044p

EditedbyF.Maccabee

TheP.F.A.Handbook2.5075p

EditedbyStuartMcKay

PL4AConstructionManual5-5030p

PopularFlying1974,Vol.18,Nos.1-60.35ea10p

PFATie.DarkblueTerylenewithtiny silverwings2-1615p

PFADiary19760-8010p

PFAClothpatchbadges0.5010p

PFAFablonaircraftorcarstickers(pair)0.4410p

PFACarwindowstickers0.1510p

PFACarbadges2.0025p

PEAWings(PPLHoldersonly) 1 - 50 10p

PopularFlyingBinders(A4)holds2vols.1.6070p

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PopularFlyingSywell'73Review0.4020p

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EvansVPIorVP2drawings,perset30-2475p

CurrieWotDrawings27-0075p

LutonMinorDrawings16.2075p

PazmanyPL4ADrawings44-28125p

C.A.1.P.Leaflets(20)3.0050p

PracticalNotesNos141.5010p

Evans VPI orVP2sampledrawing packs,perset1.80 20p

AllpricesincludeVAT(whereapplicable)andaresubject tochangewithoutnoticeduetoincreasesinpricesand currencyfluctuations.

CashwithOrderplease

LONDON SAILPLANES LTD.

TRINGROAD,DUNSTABLE BEDS.

Tel.—Dunstable62068

OPENMONDAYTOSATURDAY-9A.M.TO6P.M.

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POWERTOTHEPEOPLE

byI.R.A.Brotherson.

(Thisarticleistypicalofmanyreceivedbytheeditors, theengineeringofficer'sconunentsareprintedatthe end(ifthearticle.)

Westillheartodayofpeoplelookingforamore powerfulsubstitutefortheVWengine.Why?Whynot sticktotheengineweallknowandlove,andseeifwe can'tbeefitupalittle.

IfHitlercouldseeAutocavans2.1litreBeetle winningtheCastrolBTRDAchampionshipin'71and '72he'dtripoverhisjackboots.Withpowerfigures pushing200b.h.p.thetrustyVWflatfourmillisby nomeansthesluggardthatmanypeoplethink—and rememberthatithasbeenwithusnowbasicallyunchangedforover35years.

Right,let'sgetdowntothereal "nifty gritty".To startwith,abrieflookattheVWenginesthatarein existence.

AllenginesfittedtotheBeetlesareknownasType I;Type2comesinthetransporterandType3inthe Variantbutallthreeofthesesharethesamecrankcase, onlytheancillarylayoutisdifferent,likethefan,etc. Type4isthe411mill,andthisistotallydifferentfrom theotherthreeandfewofthepartsareinterchangeable,sowe'llforgetthesefornow.

GettingbacktotheType I, theoriginalpre-1960 1200c.c.versionisknownasthe30h.p.andreallyis notsuitableformodifying.Thiswasfollowedbythe 34h.p.1200c.c.whichhadamuchstrengthened crankshaft,case,valves,etc.,andthisenginewilltake practicallyanythingyoucangiveit.Overtheyears 1300c.c.,1500c.c.and1600c.c.versionsofthis enginehavebeenproducedand,in1965,theonly othersignificantchangewasmade;thecamshaftwas fittedwithshellbearingsinsteadofrunningdirectly intheblock.Obviouslythisisanimprovementanda post'65millistheonetogoforiftuningormodifying. Cambearing was notbadontheolderengineshoweverand,providingeverythinglooksokay,itwillstill takequiteabitofextrapower.Itispossibletoline borethecrankcasetotakeshellbearingsbutit'snot worthitforanybutreallybigconversions.

LateroninAugust'71atwininletportheadwas introducedonthe1600c.c.engine,theprevioustype having a siamesedlayout.Again,theseheadsshould beusedformaximumpower.

WHERETOSTART

Nothavinganintimateknowledgeofaircraft carburation I haveassumedittobenotfarremoved fromthatofthecar.

ITyou'veeverdrivenaVWyou'llknowthatthe engineisbasicallyselfthrottling;inotherwords,it goeslikestinkforthefirstfewrevs,thensuddenly goesallflatandpowerlessifyoutrytorev.it.Whilst thisinitselfisnotimportantforanaircraftconversion itdoesindicateaneedforbetterbreathing.Simplybolt onadecentcarburettorandwondersareachieved.At thecheapestendofthescaleyoucanbuyanadjustable mainjetfortheexistingSolexCarbwhich,inconjunctionwithadecentexhaustsystemwillputupto 4b.h.p.onforamodestfiver.Youcanobtainthis fromCartune.NextonthebudgetlistisaNikkidual progressivechokecarb.Thisisapopularcheapmod toaBeetlesaloonandfuelconsumptioniscertainly nolessthanstandard.Foralittlemoreyoucangeta ReeceFishcarb,againfromCartuneoraMinnow

fromMinnowthemselvesatafewpoundsmore. Neitherofthesearerecommendedasthesettingup is toodifficultfortheaverageamateur.Minnowincidentallyguaranteea25",/increasejustwiththeir carb.

NowwegetontotheWebers.Therearethreetypes thatcanbefitted,the32IMP(asfittedtosomesmall Fiats)issoldasakitinpairscompletewiththetwo inletmanifolds,aBoschcentrifugaldistributorand allthebitsneeded.Eventhoughthedistributorwill notbeusedit'sstillaworthwhilepackageandcan increasethepoweroutputconsiderably.Thiskitis onlyforsingleportheadsbutakitisbeingdeveloped fortwinporters.Next,andthisisfavouritefor car competitionengines,the40DCN13twinchokecan beusedbyitselfonaspecialplenumchambermanifold orinpairs,oneeachside.Tt'smainlyforusewiththe bigengineconversions(seelater).Theonlyothercarb thatiswidelyusedistheWeber48IDAwhich,althoughasuperbcarburettor,isratherexpensive.

ThetwinFishkit,WeberDCN13and48IDAs wouldonlybeworthwhilewithotherengineconversionsbuttherestofthecarbsmentionedwouldgive significantgainsonanotherwisestandardengine.

Anotheraidtobetterbreathingthatcansimplybe boltedonisanexhaustmanifold/silencerunit.Ihope tocoverthisinalaterarticle,notonlyforVWenginesbutthebasicprinciplesapplicabletoallengines.

WheretheVeedubreallyscoresiswhenyouwanta capacityincrease.Beinganaircooled,flatfour,the cylinderbarrelsareallseparatefromthecrankcase, whichmeansthattheycanbesimplyandfairly cheaplychangedforbarrelswithlargerbores—the 1300,1500and1600allusethesamebottomendbut havedifferentsizedcylinders.

Youcanfitthesecylinderstoanyofthesmaller engineswiththeminimumoftrouble—simplyby unboltingtheoldandboltingonthenew.Inaddition, anevenlargercylinderisavailable(92mmdia.)which willtakea1200outto1701and1300,1500and1600 outto1835cc(rememberthatthesethreeusethesame throwcrank).Whenusingthese92mmbores,you needtohavethecrankcasemachinedtotakethewider barrelsandtheheadsmustbeboredtoreducethe otherwiseexcessivecompressionratio.

Nextstepinthebidforextracee-ceesistofita longerstrokecrankshaft.YoucanbuyOkassaplain bearingshafts,butbyfarthemostpopularistheSPG rollerbearingvarietywhichisavailableinstandard sizesaswellasthelongerstrokes.Asyoucanseefrom thechart,thestandardstrokeis64mmforthe1200 and69mmfortheothers.SPGwilldo74mm,78mm or82mmcranks.Withthe92mmpotsandthe82mm strokeyoucangetnearly2.2litres—notbadfora gainonthe1200ccstart.

Withthe2.2litreengine,theheadshavingbeen bored,yougetacompressionratioof10.73:1.Ifthis ismorethanyouwant(althoughthisisokayformost purposesandit seemstorun quitehappilylikethis) youcanfitspacerringsbetweenthecylindersandthe crankcasetoreducethistowhateveryouwant.

Withthe78mmand82mmcrankshaftsyouwillneed torelievethecrankcasetocleartheconrodsonallthe engines.Thiscanbcdoneathomewitharotaryfile. Also, unlessyouhavethe92mmbigborekitwhich hasthepistonsalreadyrelieved,youwillhavetohave thepistonscutawayslightlyaswelltoclearthe counter-balanceweightsontheSPGcranks.These cranksareidealasareplacementonanyofthe standardenginesastheyonlyneedlubricationbyoil

PopularFlying,November-December,1975

nist,sodropsinpressureneedn'tbedisastrous. Whichbringsustoanotherproblem—thatoftheoil ystem.

Unfortunatelythereislittleinreserveoilwise—the - Limponlyholdsjustoverfourpintsandthepump 'siftveryefficient.Theeasiestwayoutistolitasump extensionwhichjustboltsinplaceoftheremovable plateandputsthecapacityuptoaroundagallon.If you'rethinkingofmorelivelyflying,abaffleisavailabletostopoilflowingupthepushrodholeswhich canbeusedwiththisextension.Abigcapacityoil pumpandmodifiedreliefvalveisagoodbet,especiallyforthe1200ccengines.

Gettingbacktothebigengineconversions,obviouslyyoucan'tgonearlydoublingthecapacity withoutthinkingoftherestofthelump.Thevalves andvalvetimingarereallyall that needattention, apartfromthecarburation,whichT'vealready covered.

Forthemediumsizedincreasesjustrelievingthe valvethroatandportwillsufficebut,whenyoustart talkingintermsof2.2litresfroma1300or1700plus froma1200you'llneedtoincreasethevalvesize.

DearSir,

YourlettertotheEditorconcerningVWmotorshas beenpassedtomeforcomment.

Whilst I wouldnotdoubtyourcommentsaboutthe abilityofproducingasprintenginesuchastheAutocavans2- 1 litrevehiclethereisnotmuchincommon betweenacarengineandanaircraftengineasfaras theenduranceoftheengineatratedpowerisconcerned.Acarenginespendsonlyasmallpartofits lifeatanythinglikefullthrottlewhereasanaeroenginespendssomethinglike75%ofitslifegiving between80-100%offullpowerandofthiswellover 50%isatfullpower.Nowifyoutotupthetimethat a carrunsatfullpoweryouwillfindthatthisisconsiderablylessthan10%ofitstotallifeandallofthis isspentonshortburstsofnotmorethan5-10minutes.

InfactIbelievetheoldBMCrequirementforsports carengineswasthatthebearinglifeshouldonlyneed tolast30hrs.atfullthrottle.Fromthisyouwillsee thatanaverageautomobileenginehasnotthestamina foraircraftusewheninstandardform.Oneofthe delightsoftheVWinanormalconversionforaircraft useisitslonglife(atleast1000hours)andhighreliability.Onthesubjectofcarburationyouappearto losesightofthefactthatanaircraftchangesheight rapidly(comparedwithacar)andfrequently.This meansthatforacarburettortoretainahighstateof tuneacompensatingjetforaltitudeisamust.Onthe simpletypesofcarb.onecangetawaywithoutthe PopularFlying,November-December,1975

Standardinletsona1200are31 • 5mmandona1500 35.5mm.Youcantakethisrightupto40minforbest resultsona2.2.Onthesubjectavalvestheexhausts arcparticularlysusceptibletofailureandafterabout 1400hourstheheadsflyoffthestems.Valvesshould thereforenevergobeyondalifeof1000hours (approx.).

Valvetintingmustalsoberemembered,alonger durationperiodbeingnecessarytoreapthefull benefitsoftheextracapacityWhethertochangethe camornotwilldependentirelyonenginesizeand whatrevs,itwillrunat.

FORCEDINDUCTION

Betterknownassuperchargingorturbocharging. Thisisafairlysuccessfulwayofgettingmorepower, however,itismoreorlessrestrictedtoturbocharging, andassay,theRajayturbocostsaround£300,the priceisextremelyprohibitive.

Sothere we are,averyunusualengine,withmore thanjustabitofpotential.Combineitwithagood reductiongearandwhoknows,wemayhavea125hp VWengineyet.

altitudecontrolbecauseofthcflexibilityofthesimple carb.

Themainpointthatyouhavenotconsideredin yourarticleisthatallthehigherpowersofsuch enginesareobtainedthroughincreasedrpm.The higherrpmisunusablethroughapropellerwithout usingareductiongearasthemaximumusable rpm onapropofthissizeisbetween3000-33000rpmand evenatthisspeedtherpmisatalevelwherethepropellerefficiencyisdroppingoffmorerapidlythanthe gaininh.p.

Some PFA membershavebeenexperimentingwith gearedorbeltdrivereductiongearsandtheseshow whatatremendousbenefittheslowingdownofthe propcangiveintermsofthrust.

ftmaybeofinteresttoyouthatIpersonallyvisited theVWworksinGermanytwoyearsagoandhadthe opportunityofdiscussingthehigherratedVWswith theirdesigndept.andmuchoftheaboveisbasedon whatwasgleanedduringthevisit.Nevertheless,a100 hpVWaircraftengineisquitepossiblebutnotby goingaboutitinthewayyousuggest.The1800 variantengineistheonetogoforandthepropshaft shouldbetakenofftheflywheelendofthecrank.This engineisaveryruggedengineandcouldgivethepower reliablybutareductiongearisreallynecessaryfor bestperformance.WearehopefulthatthePFAwill beabletoofferplansofsuchconversioninthenot-toodistantfuture.

AIRSTRIPSSHARESTRIPSbyVinceHallam

Weallknowaboutthedifficultiesofoperationoffa bigairfield—thecost,theinsecurityoftenureandthe prioritiesofotherusers.Weallknowhowinflationis bitingintooursavingsmakingitmoreandmore difficulttostandtheexpenseofflying.

Ihaveaproposaltoattackoneedgeofthistotal problem.Itwillcostmoney—bigmoney,butatthe sametimeitcanbemoneyinvested,andnotspent.

Howmuchtotaloutlayhaveyoumadeonyour aircraft?Couldyoueveraffordthatagain?

Regardflyingasatotalproblem—youbuyorbuild yourglisteningbeauty—£1,000?Andthenyoureally needradiotogotoXortostayatY—£100?£200?

Youpaylandingfeesof£1atimethisyear,nextyear, howmuch?Yourhousingfeesareatthewhimofthe airfieldoperatororowner.£100peryear—£200?

IamsuggestingthateachStrutgathersagroupof 10ormorefanaticswhowillspendfrom£200to £1,000eachtobuyastripofland400to600ydsby 40ydsorso—about5acres,cost£2,000to£5,000at today'sprices.Thelandsoboughttoberegardedas aninvestmentsharedbytheoriginalpurchasersfor theirdescendants.Thelandmaywellbeallocated piecebypieceorasatotalsharedstripwithsafeguardsagainstandForindividualswhowishtoresell.

Suchpiecesarehardtofind,buttheyexist.Itmay benecessarytobuylandandcleartimberland,orto buyalargefieldatauctionandresell}ofit.Buttodo thisweneedineachcaseagroupofpeoplewhoare readytobackupabidbycash.

Ibelieveitwouldbepossibletosetupabacking groupofindividualmembersalloverEnglandwhowill bondthemselvestosubscribingalargefixedsumat sometimeinthefuturewhencalledupon.Theywould providebackers'guaranteestoaBody,probably financiallyseparatefromtheP.F.A.,thoughwithinits auspices.ThisBodywillbeabletofundpurchaseofa largefield—(perhapsevenobtainamortgage),during thetidingoverperiodbeforethefieldissplitupinto

ROTORPOWERPLANE

Oneofourmembershasdrawnourattentiontothis tool,whichhefindsmostuselidandweharetherefore obtainedthefollowingfromthelilamifacturers.—Ed.

RotorPowerPlaneisaBritishinvention,patented intheU.K.,U.S.A.,andotherforeigncountries.Itis anattachementdesignedtofitalmostallpistoltype powerdrillsandistheonlyplanerwhichoperateson verticalcuttingprinciples,havingafourbladecutter whichfixestothedrillspindle.

AmajorfeatureofRotorPowerPlaneisitsability torebatetimberbyusingtheadjustabledepthandside gaugeswhichareincludedaspartofthestandard pack.

Thedepthofcutrequiredisfullyadjustableandon softwoodsadepthof*"isconsideredmaximum. Generally,thedeeperthecuttherougherthefinishbut bysimpleadjustmentaveryfinecutwillprovidea highstandardoffinish.Thecutterbladewidthis approximately2.8inchesbut,ofcourse,anywidthof timbermaybeplaned.RotorPowerPlaneistheonly planerwhichallowscuttingonboththeforwardand returnstrokes.

AllRotorPowerPlanepartsaremachinedand finishedtoaveryhighstandard.

Theretailpriceis£11.93,asnationallyadvertised, inclusiveofV.A.T.,postage,packagingandinsurance. ManufacturedbyFarmworthEngineeringCo.,Ltd., BowerWorks,EmlynSt.,Farmworth,BoltonB24 7BW.

manageableandsaleableareas.TheBodycanprobablybecomeacharitableorganisationtoavoidtaxon resaleofunwantedpiecesofland.Oncethestripiscut downtosizeitwillbepaidforandshareowned directlybythememberswhoareconcernedwiththat particularstrip.Therearemanypossiblewaysof organisingthefundingandownership,butifthewhole processiskeptsimplyto owningastripoflandit should besimpleenoughtoberunbyvolunteers.

Anyfurthercomplicationslikefencing,hangarage, planningpermission,etc.,mustberunseparatelyby theStrutsorusersconcerned.

incidentallyIbelievethatifwesiteourfieldscarefullythathangaragecanbebuilttobesemi-underground—nomorethan6ft.high—of'temporary' construction,andthusnotrequirebuildingP.P.

Weneedpeoplewhowillcontributetheirmoney intoaverysafeandsimpleinvestment;thesafestthere isbyfar.Wealsoneedpeoplewithlocalknowledgeto searchoutpossiblepiecesoflandthatwecanuse;old railwaytracks,longdrivewaystooldproperty,cut-off stripsbesidemotorways,etc.

Iampreparedtoco-ordinatesomethingifthereis enoughresponse,sowritetomec/oP.F.A.orat CharlwoodParkLodge,PoveyCross,Horley,Surrey, tel.Horley6611.ITyoucanenvisagetheamountyou couldinvestsayso(notasapromise).ifyouhaveany ideasorcommentssayso.

Wouldn'titbegrandifeachStrutcouldhaveitsown strip,ahedgeagainstinflationandbureaucratic closures?Wouldn'titbegreatifwecouldannounce thepurchaseofourfirststripatSywellnextyear?

So,getairborneonreconnaissance—getthinking aboutit,getenthused—richmenbecomelandowners; whyshouldn'twealso?

VINCEHALLAM

MIDDLEWALLOP '75

Rareshotthis—ourPresidentseatedinaSpitfire! No,notsomethingfrom30yearsagobut,asthe surroundingsreveal,hewasjusttryingonJohnIsaacs replicaforsize.Theoccasion—theAnnualRallyat MiddleWalloporganisedbytheSolentandAndover StrutsoftheP.F.A.Thisyear,attendedby104aircraftandabout1,000onfoot.theWallopRallylived uptoitsreputationfronilastyearofbeingfarand awaythebestorganisedlocalRallyandtheorganisers

deserveeverycreditthatwecanbestowforshere professionalisminthesmoothnessandrunning.We understandthatonevisitingaircraftmadeitallthe wayfromMunichandtheRallywasalsogracedwith thepresenceofTWOHarvards,justtokeepthe Spitfirecompany.

WithhotfoodavailablealldayandalivelyP.A. commentaryalmost 11011 stop.wecanonlysay'well doneBoys'.

AIR-BRITAIN

InternationalAssociationofAviationHistorians, founded1948,ispleasedtoannouncethe availabilityofthelatestmonographsofinterest toPFAmembers:

1975UK&EIRECIVILREGISTERS

Detailstheregistration,type,c/n,previous identities,rezisteredownersandbaseofaircraft currenttoG-BCXRandEl-BAH.112pages, includingphotos.£11.45(95ptoAir-Britain members).

1975FRENCHREGISTERS

SimilardetailscurrenttoJanuaryofthoseinthe F-B.F-0,F-W.F-ZandF-P(lightandhomebuiltmachMes)series.116pages,including photos.£1.50(fltomembers).

Manyothercivilandmilitarytitlesavailable. Orders/Enquiriesfa: Air-BritainSales(Dept.PFA) StoneCottage,GreatSampford,SaffronWalden, Essex.

Menthershipenquiries

(with7pstampor50pp.o.forspecimencopies ofmonthly Newsandbi-nunahli,Digest)to Hon.Registrar(Dept.PFA), 208StockRoad,Billericay,Essex

You'rerightuptodatewhenyou're readingBritain'sgreatestairmagazine Air Pictorial. Colour,aircraftprofiles,photos. Getitonthefirstofeachmonth.

AirPictorial,SeymourPressLid,.334BrixtonRoad,LondonSW9

RSAInternationalRally 1975Laval

TheAnnualR.S.A.Rallythis.rear,tookplaceduring anextrenielvhotweekendinearlyAugustatLaval. AgoodcontingentofP.F.A.numihersarrivedinavariety ofaircraftrangingfronttheChairman,DaveFaulkner BryantinhisCurrieWotin.formationwithDareKew inhisDrorieTurintoTedGouldinaCessna172.itfost oftheBritisharrivalscouldthenbefoundintheairfieldsirinimingpool.

AsusualtheR.S.Aprovidedalargeandvaried collectionofaircraftbothhomeandjUrtory mostoffan-ope,someofwhichareillustratedbelow.

Toptobottom,lefttoright:I-PIONaveryseell finishedDrinaeTurbi,Ivryforofthesetrenchdesigned two-seatersoreseeninFrance.AvisitorfromGermany D-ELATisaJurcaSiroccoandiswellknownatEuro-

peanrallies.Oneofmanylicit-FrenchhomedesignedaircraftseenalLam/wasF-PTXEaJPV 30. Jokeris unusualinharinganosewheel.HB-IAHLutonMajor iswellknownintheaviationpressasiiwasbuiltinItaly bintheauthoritieswouldnotletiLfly.TheSwisshowever areworeconsiderate,hencetheSwissregistration.Piet CPO()E-ProFshowstheinewasingFrenchinterestin racingaircraft,severaldesignsbeingseenatLaval inchidingRobinVoiceinhisCosmicWind.Another Frenchhomedesignisshownnext, is-rs 10isknownas aFleuryR.F.One's-ayofkeeping.1-ouraircreliwiththe currentshortageofhangarspaceistotakeithome, F-PTXXHM290GDFlyingFleaisshown"folded-and readytohetakenhome.Theresyere.forrintageaircraft atLavalbutthesedidinclude nro CaudronCOOPs, F-PELBisa/fish-nice',

FlyingtheDaft83 FoxMoth

IwassadtoseethecelebratedFoxMothpassfrom theTigerClubintoprivateownership,asitrepresentedasincereattempttogetfivepeopleairborne allatoncebehindtheGipsyengineandearnedrespect formanyyearsasajoy-ridingtypeonthesandsat Southport,sorintoldbyagentlemanwhocameto Redhilloneday.Atleast,that'swhathesayshedid withit!

Thechancetoflyitcameonetineday.whenI climbedupintotheincrediblecockpit,sofarupand rearwardsthatitgavetheairofaflyingHansomCab. Thecabin,amidshipsevenhadalittlewindowatthe rear,throughwhichgrotesqueoathswereshoutedto thepilot,whousuallyhadrevengeashewasflyingthe thing.

Twopassengerswereconsideredasensiblelimit. buttheFoxwouldcarryavastamountofbaggage. sothatitremainedausefulanddistinctivetypeto 'goaway'with.Taxi-Mgwasaweaving,peering affair,thatenormousnoseblockingtheentireview ahead,butithandledlikeanyotherMothvariant andatake-offwasnotasfraughtasexpected.Inthe air,withconsiderablylessrudderavailabletogetit there.comparedwiththeTiger,onaccountofthe widefuselage,itcruisedatSOkts.Theaileronswere nottoogood.butthennootherMothsare,andthe spring-operatedtrimmerinadetheoperationquite comfortableifonalonglegfromAtoB.

Approachingtolandisanaffairinwhichyousee theaerodromeduringtheturnfinal,thenyoudon't reallybotherbecausethebityouneedtoseemostis quiteobscured.Levellingoffisamatterofexperience, asthepilotisinacuriouslyhighpositionandthe undercarriageisofunknownlength,soonehasto bereadytogiveawaythefirstfewattemptsifnecessary.

soonfoundtheFox hales crosswinds,farmore thananyotherMoth.exceptperhapstheHornet. However.rwasjudgedfittoventureoffthecircuit andpromptlyarrangedtoflyitwithtwofriendsto Bembridaeforaweekend.

Sadly,theyneverturnedupandfwasunableto establishiftheyhadconicearly,seentheFoxand thoughtbetterofit!TheTigerClubhadgonetoa lotoftroubletogetitoutfromtheveryrearofthe crowdedhangar,soIwashonourboundtoflyit. ThusIofferedtheseatstoanyoneelsewhowanted togofromtheimmediatemembership.butsadlyhad notakers.

Iflewitalone,enjoyedeveryminuteofit,withthe possibleexceptionofthedownhillandcrosswind landingatBembridge,therebeingnoreallygood alternative.Itwasalovelyaeroplanetoarriveanywherein,soutterlydifferent.Onthewayoverthe waterjust had totakeapictureofSeaviewandthe beach,showingthoselovelyunstaggered,rearward foldingwingsofthetrueDH.60variant.ftwasabit draughtydoingthat,withnobodytogivecontrolto, butwellworthitforthememory,astheFoxwasto leavetheClubonlyshortlyaftermyflightthatbeautifulsummerday.

Ishallprobablynevertlyitagain,butitoccupies averyspecialplaceinmylogbook.I'mjustgladI wasn'toneofthefivetheytriedoutinitwhenthey firstgottheideaofstretchingtheoldD.H.60!

PopularFlying,November-December,1975

Doncaster Sailplane Services for

HOMEBUILDERSSUPPLIES

G.L.I aircraftbirchply0.8mmto5mm. Fabric-2weightsforsupportedandunsupported areas.

Dope—tauteningandcolouretc.

Jointingcompound—forwood/metal. Spruce,DouglasFir,WhitePine,Ash,gradeA. A.S.I.V.5.1.compassesetc.etc.

5.514andS.510steelsheetandT45tubes. Controlcablemadeuptoorder.

V.P.I.Cavaliermaterials.

Cavalierplansandallrawmaterialtobuild. Fibreglassandresin,releaseagent,pigmentetc.

LUTON SQUADRON NEWS byMikeVaisey

Thesecondofthetwo MINORS mentionedinthe May/JuneeditionofPopularFlyingsuccessfully flewforthefirsttimewhenG-BBFAtooktotheair fromConningtonnearPeterborough,inthehands ofGrahamHewtwho,togetherwithfanStocks, hadsometimeearliertakenovertheprojectina partiallycompletedstatefromSteveKnightofDunstable.Despiteseveralfrustratinglastminutesnags thatpreventedthemgettingtoSywell,Graham reportsthatthemachinehandlesverywellandis greatfuntofly,andtheyarepressingonhardtoget thetestflightschedulecompletedsothattheycan obtainafullC.ofA.andvisitafewtly-insbeforethe endoftheseason.At one point,whentheyranthe engineforthefirsttime,faffisyoungsoncasually askedwhysmokewascomingfromthecockpit! Theresultingpanictvassaidtoresemblesomething fromaKeystoneCopsfilm!Fortunatelynodamage wascaused,saveanewlengthofwiretotheelectric tachothathadbeenincorrectlywiredin.

Another MINOR—rather longinthebuilding•is MichaelMusselwhite'sproject.Michael,ofPrinces Risborough,Bucks..startedlatein1968butisprogressingprettywell.Evenso.Mikerefusestocommit himselftoafinishingdate—verywise!AContinental A65engineissetasideforthepowerunitwhich shouldmakeforgoodperformanceandperhapsthe ultimateinregistrationshasbeenallocatedtothe aircraft-G-BDIE.

AreminderthatLuton MINOR plansarenow availableagainforprospectivebuilders,andalsoan announcementthatthebookletentitled Build10111 ownLutonMinor, whichisabibleforanyonethinking aboutsuchaproject,isalsonowavailabletoanyone whobuysasetofdrawingsfromtheoffice.Brian FoxofDoncasterSailplanesconfirmsthathehasnow builtupastockofliftstruttubingthatissuitablefor theMisant.Althoughslightlyheavierthanthatspecified,beingadifferentsectionwithalargerwall thickness,suchtubingisoftendifficulttoobtain. andanyonestartingaprojectisadvisedtobuywhile stockslast.

Finally,MikeAdams,aninspectorattachedtothe SolentStrut,hasrecentlydisposedofthe MAJOR thathewasbuildingwithKenBurtt.However,he hasanumberofsurplus MAJOR andMINORproles- ionallymademetalfittingsforsale.AnyoneinterestedshouldcontactMikeonSouthampton843065 -luringofficehours,orwritesendingas.a.e.to3 SchoolRoad,Fawley,Hants..forafullydetailed list.

NOTICEFROMTHEOFFICE

Wouldallmembersmakesurethatthey addressallcorrespondenceto:PopularFlying Association,TerminalBuildings.Shoreham-bySea,SussexBN4 51:F. Alargeamountofcorrespondenceisstillbeingsentto2WaldensPark Road,Woking,whichiscausingantfisanceto thepresentoccupantsofthathouse.

ItwouldassisttheworkintheOfficeif membersquotedtheirmembershipnuinberon allcorrespondence.

FLYINGFORFUNfromAtoZ

Altimeters_ASIs,AG5,Adhesives,Alternators. Betas,Brakes.Bolts.Batteries,Baffles,Brackets,Bashes. Condors,Carburettors,Cables.CylinderTempKits,Controls, Crankshafts.Canopies.Cowlings,Cylinders,Compasses. Dope,Drives,Ducting.DrainValves.

Engines(Continental,Gipsy,becoming,Ardent),Extinguishers,ExhaustPipes_ Filters,FuelCocks,FuelPumps,Finings,FlyingWires,Fabric,hork hasleneus Generators,GMeters,Gyros,Glue.Grommets,Gaskets,Gauges. Harness,Hinges.HomebuildersService, Instruments,Invertedsystems,InformationPackages,Inspection Plods) Jodds,JubileeClips,Jets.

KitsforVWconversionsandCyhnderTemperatare.

Leads,LogBooks,LandingLights.

Magnetos,Manuals.MusterCylinders,MixtureControls, NavigationLights,Nameplates.Notices,Nuts.Needles. OilPressure,OilTenaperatureGauges,()Rings.

Plans,Propellers,Plugs,Plywood. Elm,EltOlHeads. Plexiglass Pulleys,Pistons. QuickReleaseFasteners. RevCounters,Rate orClimbIndicators,RodEnds.Rings,Racing specialists.

Slampes,SmokeSysQms,Starters,Shackles,Spruce,Spinners, Switches,Spats,Screws.

Tigers,Torbolents,Tyres,Tubes,Turnbuckles,Thilwbeels,Tanks, Tape,TowhQHooks

Undercarriages.

VoltageRegulators,Ventilators.VacuumPumps,Valves Wheels,Wires,Windscreens XeroxCopyingService, Yourenquiriesarealwayswelcome. Zerohourengineoverhauls.

And 'crib:, cullorvisit

ROLLASONAIRCRAFTANDENGINESLIMITED BRIGHTON,HOVE&WORTHINGJOINTMFNIC.AIRPORT, SHOREHAM-BY-SEA,SUSSEX,8N4Sid Telephone;Shoreham-by-Sea(Sussex)62680

ThewingofMichael LutonMthorshows thecletailedbutrepetitivenatureofsuchastructure builttwohalves,hereyoucan'te len seethejoin.

WildCat,GYPSY-RunsaFlyingClub

byTony

Whatwasit,thatmadeone or Britain'stwomillion wildcatsdecidetoabandonitsresidenceinthebackwoodsofBuckinghamshireandjoinaflyingclub'?

Whateveritwas.afterliveyears,thesamequestion isasbafflingaseverformembersoftheDenhamflying club.Thatis,allexcepttwo.me,TonyCheshire. theclub'sflyinginstructor,andawildcatcalled Gypsy..

When r firstseteyesonher,fwasstruckbyher sleekformandsparklingeves,asshestoodthere,alert andmotionless,someI(X)yardsorsoawayinthe beautyofthebackwoodsbeyondtheclubroomsFor half-an-hour r talkedtoher,slowlyclosingthedistancetoSOyardsbeforesheturnedandswiftlydisappeared.

Theprocesswasrepeatedforseveralmonthsat everyavailableopportunity,inmydeterminedeffort tospantheuncompromisinggulfthatseemedto separateus.

Strollingalone,inthedeepsilenceofthebackwoods lateonesummereveningafteralongandparticularly frustratingflyingday,Ibecameabruptlyawarethat someonewaswatching.Apairofeyes.ffelt.were fixedonmefromsomewhereintheshadows.Istopped. NotlUngstirred.Therewasnowind.Iscannedthe purplishmass or treesandundergrowth,buttherewas nomovement.Then,justassuddenlyasithad happened,thefeelingpassed--thewatcherhadwithdrnwn.

Iitturnedtotheclubroominameditativemood,a littlepuzzledbythestrangesensation.Theclubwas empty.ItwaslaterthanIthoughtand r wasitssole occupant.Istirredatthedyingembersofawoodfire, preparedsomesupper,andsatdown

Theloneliness,afterdark,inanemptyclubroom, hascharmthatbringspleasureandasenseofcalmness. AsIsatthere.inthegentleglimmeroffirelight,contentplatingandabsorbingthepeacefulness,Ibecame vaguelyawarethatmynocturnalwatcherhad returned.

ftmaybcrecordedhere,thatashiverquivered downmyspine.Ialteredmyposition,cautiously,to widenmy-angleofvision.fnthedarknessfacing me weretwo,small,greenluminouscirclesGreatScott! ftwasnotjustapairofanimaleyesthatstaredso fixedlyatme.butaparticularpairof sparkling animal eyes.

"Well!Well!" r blinked,"ffthisdoesn'theateverythingsoyouhavedecidedatlasttobefriendly.-The littlecreatureblinkeditseyesinreturn.Then,in leisurelyfashionthatcourtedrecognition.strolled overandsatdownbesideme.

Acat,wildorotherwise,isnotmerelyafurry mechanisticorganism,ithasfeelings,reactions, intelligence,andexceptionallystrongsensesfor survival,cleanlinessandcomfort.ftwasthelatterin particular,thatIwassoontodiscover

Iroseveryslowlyfrommychair,notwishingto alarmorfrightenthelittlecreature.andfeltmyway intotheunlitkitchen.Returning,minuteslater,with thescarceremainsofabottleofmilkpouredintoa saucer,Iwasastonishedtodiscoverthatshewasnot sittingwhereIhadlefther,buthadcurledherselfinto aballinthecentreofmychaircushion.ftwasobvious

Cheshire

thattheanimallikedcomfort,and,forthemoment entertainednohostilefeelings.

Relationswiththeanimalpartiallyestablished, setdownthesaucerandspokequietly Lo herforten orsominutes.Hereyesglowedsteadilyinthefirelight. Shemadenoattempttomove.butmerelylayand watched.

Thehourwaslate,almostmidnight,whenfinallyf lefther.Butfknew,thatthegulfbetweenanimaland humanhadbeenbridged.

Fromthenon,week-by-week.hervisitsfromthe backwoodsgrewmoreandmorefrequent.Yet,I-was unawarethatmyowngrowingaffectionforthesmall creaturewasmatchedbythoseofmycolleagues.or. forthatmatter.thatsignificantchangeshadtaken placeintheroutinerunningoftheclub.

Theextraordinarydiscoveryoccurred,when,by chance,Ilookedinsideoneoftheclub'swalllockers. Thesightwasastunningrevelation.Thelocker.which hadpreviouslycontainedasupplyofaviationmaps andcharts,hadbecometherepositoryforcanker powder,wormingpills,andregulardeliveriesofcannedcatfoodandbiscuits.Later,fdiscoveredthatthe nUlkbillhaddoubledinafortnight,andthatarota systemwasoperatingtoensurethatthenewcomer -wasregularlydeTleall,fedandgroomed.

Eventsthatfollowedafewweekslaterconfirmedmy impressionthatafelinetake-overwasabouttobe accomplished.

Amongthefewfeatureswhichretainappearancefor aflyinginstructor,arehischairandhisdesk.Onthe morninginmind,Iwasconfrontedwiththefollowing: Themembers,Iwastold,feltthatasthenewcomerhad displayedfromthestart,apreferenceformychair(it wasamahogany,Jacobeanreplica,witharatherworn, butcomfortabletapestrycoveredcushion).inallfairness,itwasmydutytovacatethechairofherchoice. fconcededatonce,mindfulnottomentionthefact thatonlyafortnighthadpassedsincethepurchaseof aproper,wicker-workcat-baskethaddepletedour clubfundsbyfiftyshillings.

Finally,afewdayslater.Ifoundthattheouter dooroftheclubhadbeenremovedfromitshinges, andwhileonemembermeasuredthemaximumcircumferenceofthecat'slongitudinalaxis,another -lackedawayatthedoorwithachisel.Bylunchtime, theperfectcat-door,completewithasee-throughflap, wasfinished.Theentireoperationbeingcarriedout onthetopofmyoldoakdesk.

Butthatwasfiveyearsago.Fitthosedistantdays.it wasacceptedthatthcactivitiesoftheflyingclub rotatedaroundtheflyinginstructor.Today,therotaionofactivityoftheclubiscentredonacat.Acute littlecat—calledGypsy.

POPULARFLYINGispublishedin Januaryandthereafterinalternate months.Alladvertisementstobesent to:AdvertisementManager,Popular FlyingAssociation.TerminaIBudding, ShorehamAirport.Sboreham-by-Sea, Sussex.

Semi-displaypercolumninch£3•00. Lineage(minimumthreelines)perline 44p.Discounts:seriesofthree5%. Seriesofsix10%.Agencies10%.

FREE! MembersarenowentitledtoFourFree Adverts.peryear,subjecttobeingofnon-businessnature andtospacebeingavailable. QuoteMembershipNo.

For£1•50wewillincludeaphoto ofAeroplanesforSale.

ThePFAdoesnotnecessarily guaranteeorendorseanyproduct offeredthroughouradvertising.

Members'attentionisparticularly drawntoblinkandpartly-builtAircraftTheyshouldsatisfythemselves thatthemachinehasbeenclearedto P.F.A.standardsiftheysubsequently intendtooperateitthroughthe P.F.A.Airworthinessfacilities.

ELECTRONIC:CALCULATORSfor Navigation,anypocketscientilicwilldo. Send68pC.W.O.forpublication101P. AEOLIANCONSULLANCE,9Portsbery Road,CambeiIcySurrey.

SIPA903.C908E.Totaltime895hours VHFanfAFI,longrangetank,verynice specimen£1,850withnewCofATel021777-8803.

AUTOGYROWANTED—whathave you'?DennisKirby,37BushRoad. London2E85AP.

POPULARFLYINGMagazines(and SywellSupplements)backto1963.20p percopyorwholeyearandsupplementEl plusp&p.DerekBaker,TheLittle ManorHouse,Kingsway,FarnhamCommon,Bucks,512351.

PFAAPPROVED PROPELLERS

VW1200 £69-50

VW1500 00-50

VW1600 £81-00

VW1400 £71-00

VW15003Bladed £130-00

VW1600 £81-00

VW16003Bladed £135-00

ContinentalC90 £120-00

Continental465 £95-50

Mikron III £95-00

VWCylinderHeadMachiningService £18-50including10mmPlugsand LongSocket

R.WATLING-GREENWOOD Ridgewood,Lckfield,Sussex Ucklield3242

FABULOUSFRED

STOLperformanceonVWorLawranceengines.De-rigsand rigsaseasEyasaglider.Roadable.Plansincluderoadfittings. Easytofly.Cheaptobuild.Longestsinglecomponent12'9' long.Plansconsistof 25 highlydetailedsheets.

PerSet—£15.00

Informationsheet,3viewdrawing,photograph—75p.

ERIC CLUTTON,92NEWLANDSSTREET,SHELTON, STOKE-ON-TRENT,STAFFORDSHIRE,ENGLAND

JODELDI12.65hpcont900hrs.torun JODELUNDERCARRIAGEwanted SoundAirframebutneedsnewfabricon alsoC200orC95withmodelmount wing.Dismantledbutcomplete,buyer completeandreasonablelife.Watson collectsfromFrance.PhonePARis) 6ParkRoad,CandlersFord, 489-10-18. (042154138),Hants.

DZUSFASTENERSwithsprings.Sizes A3;A4andA5,shortorlongneck10p VHF10channel,lightweighttransceivereach.Watson,6ParkRoad,Chandlers hagglearound£50EBurnham,7HickFord,Hants. lingRoad.Ilford,Essex

VW1700ciwstarter,alternator,oilcooler, etc.,8,000milesonly—includedinprice twomagssuitableforaire,aftuse, E150.ColinClark,Whitton,Scunthrope (7322511.

1(8018598J/TAckroyd,Rectification Flight,3syd.2280CU,R.A.F.Coningsby, Lincs.,wouldliketomakecontactwith anyJURCASpithreconstructors.

.AIRCRAFTFABRICforsale25yds.of 54"toDT575specringPreston718559_

TURBULENTAIRFRAME90"„complete.Plans,wheels,etc.Sellforcostof materialityWANTEDTeenteTwoplans, materials.W.H.Y.HubertsBrige(Lincs.) 313.

POPULARFLYINGwantedEmir:elm 1975,vol.19,No.I.tocompletesetfor binding.Jones,81MillLane,Hazel Grove.Stockport5K76DW.

BEAGLE61A.ForSale,DualControls, glidertowinghook.E1,800.U.Nicol, LINCOLN50604.

RELUCTANTLYABAINDONEDPROJECT—JeaniesTeenie(seeinsidefront cover. PopularFlying, Sept.74issue). Wingscompleteandsignedout,metal bentforailerons,tailsection,fuselage frames.etc.1600VWengine,18,000miles onlywithDPconversionphins,05the lot.TelephoneBarrieElIldick. Waisnil 24777day or Btownhills213218.00to 20.00.

VP i PLANSIunusedI.:£20ono.R. Bertram,54HavesCourt,NewPark Road.London5W24EX.

PIPERCOLT.800enginehrs.remaining, NarcoCOMIIaVIIF.RingPreston 718559.

NORTHKENTSTRUTMembersplease

notethatourNewsletterinfuturewill onlyhesenttothosemembershaving attendedthelasttwomeetings,dueto increasedpostcostsandinfairnessto thosewhoregularlyattendandpaytowardsouradmincosts.MikeTurner, SOLItSecretary.

MINICABGYMCompletesetof11 drawingsinprimecondition.Offersto Atkinson.43OldFlayClose,Dore, Sheffield.Tel,0741-361512.

WANTED12voltTotaxStarterand solenoidforCirrusMinor.VS1inhundreds.anymanualsetc.forAuster11or Cirrusengine.TrevorMcDonald,Runcorn68143day,66778night_

HELICOPTERENGINEmountconlainiFILLabout30feet of various.145 tubes£2.50.Lightaircraftcashions,side-by-side,blue,asnew,seatandback£9. Singleseatandback,fiEwn£3.Watson. ChandlersFord4138.

WANTEDCONT465ENGINE,nilor lowhours.SMOHpreferred,butany engineconsidered C A.Parker,10 TarrantWas.,Moulton.Northampton (44287E

WANTED PopularFlyiv forJam'75. TOlive,46WashoroughAvenue,Wan-tage,OSOILOX129BQ.

WANTEDWALTERMICRONII or 111 completeengineandallpalls.wouldconsidercompleteaeroplaneirnecessaTy. RogerBailey,Portlarch,BrownsLaIle, Cross-in-Flimd.Sussex.Fleathfield 2888.

WANTEDTURBorsimilaronspecial eat.C.ofA.A.Pearce,MSS,RAT'. Marham,KingsLynn.Norfolk.Tel. Narhoro261,Ext.7718daytimes.

PopularFlying,Novell:her-December,1975

VOLKSWAGEN AIRCRAFTENGINEPLANS forAmateurConstructors

TYPE LowWingAcrobaticMonoplane CONSERUCTIONWoodandFabric

PERFORMANCEStall(withflap)50m.p.h.Cruise-155m.p.h.

SPAN—I8'9"Length-16'II" :,--

REMARKS:Suitableforracingintheformulaoneclass.Notan aeroplaneforthenovice.Pilotstressedto9G.

&or/1We 45p10p1 Plans£16 H35p P.&P.

TAYLORMONOPLANE

TYPE LowWingMonoplane CONSTRUCTIONAllWoodandFabric ENGINEVWContinentalA40 PERFORMANCEStall30(withflaps)Cruise80KC.

SPAN-2 I' Length15'

REMARKS:Specificallydesignedforbuildingintheminimumof space

Brochure 35p:10p. Plansfrom El24-35p P&P. fivor Mits.J.TAYLOR,25ChesterfieldCrescent. Leigh-on-Sea,Essex

74EcclestonSquare,SW1

Friday,12thDecember 19.30hrs.

PROPELLORWANTEDforWaltei Mikron II. Finepitch.WriteorPhone— .1Egerton,3FilzhaHsAve.,Bul,memouth.Tel.Bournemouth55307.

FIBREGLASSN1OULDSforV.W.as usedonG-AYEG.TwoElectromagnetic Headsets.Reg.Gladstone.Tel.Gerrards Cross83874.

LUTONMAJORG-ASW14forsaleor wouldexchangeforsingleseaterofequivalentvalue.Anyaircraftconsidered.Write orPhoneJ.Egerton,3EitzharrisAve., Bournemouth.Tel.Bournemouth55307.

FORSALECavalierprojectFuselage 60%complete.AllwoodtofinishTailplanecomplete.Minicabwingneeds recovering.Mainoleos.Lycoming0-290G4readytoconvert.Instruments.Cessna 140cowlingscomplete,plusmiscellaneous items.Sellatcost£700OFoffer.Deacon Wokingham780659.

FORSALENC858Sidebysidetwo seater.Frenchallmetalreplacementfor thePiperCub.STOLperformance.C90121-,840hrs.torun.Completerebuild 1966_Littleusedsince.f1600.23Slcaford Road,BirminghamB289QP.

30sq.ft.ofdrawingsanda15,000-wordmanual providedesignsandinformationenablingonetoconvert anyV.W.engineupto1600ccs.Fullyapprovedfor amateur-builtaircraft,theseplansareofferedwithlifetimefreeadviceforonly£950postpaid.

DonaldG.Peacock, MeadowCottage,ArdleIghHeath,Colchester,C077QB Tel.Colchester230446

4130SteelTube,roundandsquare forSoneraiIand11buildersetc. Dope,fabric,controlcable,instruments,extensiverangeofA.N. HardwareandA.G.S.S.514.

Writewithyourrequirements,wewill bepleasedtoquotedeliveryandprice.

LYSTERAVIATION

24OrsettAvenue, Leigh-on-Sea, Essex.

VINTAGEPROPELLOR.Vickers19t7. PropfitsBeardmoreengine.7ft.dia.can heviewedbyappointedatShorehamAirport.Whatotters?Box794.

WANTED.Small,damagedV.W.prop_ orsimilarforconversiontoholdclock.A Dunn.130AbbeyRoad,SomptingSx.

WANTEDMailorCoverscarriedbyearly aviatorsorsimilarphilatelicmaterial connectedwithaviation.DetailstoMike Grigson,26ShadwellsClose,Lancing, Sussex.

BILLOVERY

the manforusedspares

ITEMSAVAILABLE.— Enginemountforemeraud— Continentalengine-00. Wings—Sipa.completewithailerons £150. Tailplaneandelevators-Sipa—LSO. Ailerons—Jodel—£10each. CowlingsforMinicab—£40. Engine—ContA65—strippedbut completewithmags,harness,carb andlogbooks£190. BrakeCablesforMister—£9. Magneto—SFELNingoodcondition £27. Magneto:5G4/13.Goodcondition£27 Sparkplugs:KLG11E41,14mm new—50peach.

CONTACI

BILLOVERY—theusedsparesman 43EnbrookValley.Folkestone Kent (Folkestone76976)

WOODENAIRCRAFT PROPELLERS

Availabletosuitawiderange includingVW,Continental,Lycoming andDeHavillandengines also

Gyrocopter,Airboatand AirCushionVehiclePropellers Availableinavarietyof LeadingEdgeSheathingsand finishes

Conlact HAWKERDEHAVILLAND AUSTRALIAPTY.LTD.

onlyLI.Ooplus 70p p.&p.

P.O.Box30Bankstown,22110 elephone:Mr.Ian1lart—770111

PLANSAVAILABLE pTA APPROVEDSINGLE FOR 7 7,7 SEATERS

TYPE HighWingMonoplane. CONSTRUCIIONWoodandFabric. ENGINEJAP,VW or Lycoming. PERFORMANCE11AP)Stall-25kts.Cruise—55kts. SPAN-25'LENGTH-20'Ir

RimARKS:-Ibisisoneoftheoldesthome-builtdesigns.yetmany arestillbeingHilt.

PlansfromP.E.A.Office El5-55pP.&P.

CURRIEWOT

TYPE AcrobaticBiplane.

CONS:110iC1IONAllWoodandFabric. ENGINE65h.p.Mikron,ContinentalA65 PER11/11MANCEStall-38kis_Cruise-100kts. SPAN-21'Length-19'3'

REMARKS:Thisaircraftisa7/10scalecopyoftheHawkerI-L Fighter or the1930's.

PlansfromJohn0.Isaacs, 42 LamlguarelSoodunnmon

PAZMANY PL4

TYPE AerobaneBiplane

CONSTRCC1tINWoodandFabric ENGINEMikron,Pobioy,Continental.A65,Lycoming PEREonmANCI-)411:1:0111Stall40m.p.h.Cruise-80m.p.h. SPAN-22'1"Length-18'3"

REMARKS:Averypopularhont-builtdesignwithseveralunde'construction.

PlansP.F.A.Office £25-45p P&P.

ENNS VPI

TYPL LowWingAcrobaticMonoplane CONSERUCHoNAllMetal ENGINb1600ceMW

SPAN-26'S'

RtMARKS: Oneor thefewmetalhome-bidlts.PlansaFeexti-emel) detailedforeasyunderstanding.Foldingwings.

PlansP.F.A.Office £36E75p. Colailliclinnnwnual £4.50751' T U R

TYPE LowWingMonoplane

CONSTRUCliONWoodandFabric ENGINEVW PERFORMANCEStall40m.p.h.Cruise75m.p.h. SpA3,--24'Length-18'

RI.MARKs—AfairlynewAmericandesign,intendedtobebuilt atlowcostandinaminimumofworkshoptime.

Brochure E1.50ISp. PlansfromP.E.A.Office £2345p P&P.

TYPE LowWingMonoplane

CONSTRUCTIONAllWoodandFabric ENGINEVW36to55hp PERFORMANCECIllise--75to95m.p.h.

SPAN-2F7'

REMARKS:Probablythehome-builtthathasbeenpiduced throughoutEuropeillthelargestnumbers_

NOELOnepiecewinurequiringatleast25'workshop.

Plans£18:InhoutposlRollason1b.crofi,ShorelunnAupon