Popular Flying Sept/Oct 1979

Popular 4:4L, Flying

FROM THEP.F.A.OFFICE

LightAircraftDesignExample,byLloydJenkinson LightAircraftDesignHandbook,EditedbyF.Maccabee LightPlaneDesign,byL.Pazmany

LightAirplaneConstructionbyL.Pazmany:Metalaircraft constructionbasedonthePL1andPL2

PracticalLightPlaneDesign&Construction,byW.Fike:Basic considerationsplustheFikeModelD

JanesPocketBookNo.14HomebuiltAircraft,HardbackEdition

JanesPocketBookNo.14FlomebuiltAircraft,PaperbackEdition

EnjoyTheSky,byRobertLowe:TheConstructionofVPIG-BDAH UsingAnAircraftRadio,byC.L.Day:Thepracticaluseofaircraft radio

TheAirNavigationOrder

TheLightPlaneSince1909,UnderwoodandCollinge

AerobaticsInTheSky,Underwood: VintageandVeteranAircraft,Underwood

BritishHomebuiltAircraftSince1920

CharlieMikeCharlie,byCliveCanning:Thestoryofhisepicflight fromAustraliatoPFA's1976SywellRally

CAACAP413:RTProceduresandPhraseology:TheStandard ReferenceforRTLicenceExaminations

BROCHURE,PLANSANDMANUALS

PazmanyPL4ABrochure

PazmanyPL4ADrawings

PazmanyPL4AConstructionManual

PazrnanyPL4AExplodedViews

PazmanyPL2Brochure

PazrnanyPL2Drawings

EvansVP1&2Brochure

EvansVP1Drawings

EvansVP2Drawings

IsaacsSpitfireDrawings

IsaacsFuryDrawings

CurrieWotDrawings

LutonMinorDrawings

CAAPaper98-

CAACAIPLeaflets:20SpeciallySelectedforHomebuilders

CAALogBooks:EngineandAirframeLogBooksinRingBinder..

CAALightAircraftMaintenanceSchedule, TheCAARecommendations;fitsintoCAALogBookBinder

PFA:MaintenanceProceduresforUltraLightGyros

PFAPracticalNotesNos,1-4

PFAHandbook CurrentlyBeingRewritten ASSOCIATIONITEMS

PopularFlyingBinders:Holds2VolumesofPopularFlying PFAConstructors'List:AcompletelistofPFAaircraftprojectsto June1975

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PFAAircraftStickers:PFAlogoonwhitebackground(5in.dia.) perpair

PFAStickers:PFAlogoinblueandwhitecircle(3jin.dia.)perpair.

PFACarStickers:"FlyPFA"(6in.xljin.)

Allpricesaresubjecttochangewithoutnoticeduetoincreasesinpriceandcurrencyfluctuations.

CASHWlTHORDERPLEASE

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Popular Flying

EditorialCommittee: ALANDUNN MIKEGRIGSON LAURIEMANSEID

EditorialAddress:

TerminalBuilding. ShorehamAirport, Shoreham-by-Sea. Sussex,BN45FL.

Telephone: Shoreham-by-Sea61616

PFAEXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

President:

ROLANDP.BEAUMONT

CBF,D.S.O.,D.EC.,DI..,FR.Ae.S.

Chairman:

D. F.FAULKNERBRYANT

Treasurer: L. SHAW,D.Ae.,CEngM.R.Ae.S., A.M.S.L.A.E.T.

EngineeringOfficer:

F.1. V.WALKER.C.Eng.,F.R.Ae.S.

CommitteeMembers:

JOHNDUNFORD

ERNIEHORSEALL

ALFKNOWLES,0.ELE.,AY.C.

LAURIEMANSFIELD

STUARTMACCONNACHER

Rov MILLS

LESRICHARDSON

MIKEVAISEY

BILLWILKS .1181WILLS

.SceretaryGeneral: .S. J. LAUDER

PT A

77

777— I

Founded1946

Individualmembershipf.10.00p.a.

Thefoundingandrepresentativebodyinthe UnitedKingdomofamateurconstructors andoperatorsofultra-lightandGroup operatedaircraft.

PFA(ULAIR)LId

COVERCOMMEN iDaveHunterwithhisaward winningTaylorMonoplaneGBEVSatLeicester.

Photo—GordonBain

VOL.23No.5SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER1979

2THEPFA's NEWPRESIDENT

3-5VINTAGENEWS

6-7ACROSSAUSTRALIA

8-1ISORTINGOUTTHEMUSTANG

12-13

STRUTTINGAROUND

13TROPHIESANDAWARDSATLEICESTER

14-15 THEFAMOUSGROUSE

16HIGHLANDAEROCLUBFLY-IN

17 LETTERS

18-19

PROJECTNEWS

20READINGBETWEENTHELINES

21RSA REGIONALRALLY

22-23FLYING A GYROPLANE

24-26THEMAGNETICCOMPASS

27FINAI.S

TheviewsexpressedinPOPULAR EL, lINGarethoseufthe ContributorsamlnotnecessarilythoseoftheP. f: A.ThePublishers retainduirkilit to refuseorwithdrawruivertisenunas at theirdiscretionmutdonotacceptliabilityforilelayinpublicationorfor clericalorprinter'serrmsalthoughernyaweistakentoavoid minakes.

KEEPTHEOLDIESFLYING

Everyoneofuslovesanoldaeroplaneanditiswithagreatsenseof pridethatwetakenoteofthevasteffortswhicharebeingmadebya numberofpeopletopreserveouraviationheritage.Manyfine collectionsandmuseumshavebecomeestablishedoverrecentyearsand thebestarenowhouseholdnames.Someofthesearebackedbynational organisationswhohavethemuscletoensurethattheyremainfor posterity.Somehavebeenformedonthewaveofsentimentforold vehicleswhichinturnhavebecomeasoundfinancialinvestmentanda hedgeagainstinflation.Othersarepurelyalabouroflovebyenthusiasts. Someofthesmallercollectionsarenotsowellplacedandin certaincasesexistfromafinalselloutofobsoletemilitaryaircraftwhich havefinallybeendisposedofbytheMinistryofDefence.Whilstthe enthusiasmforsuchenterprisemustbecommended,itistobehoped thattheirexhibitsarewellsafeguardedforthefutureshouldtheir fortunetakeanillturn.

Anequallydisturbingaspectneedstobeairedconcerningthose aircraftwhicharestillactivelyflying.Someofthesemachinesarethelast oftheirtypeandareofgreathistoricinterest.Thosewhoflythese machineshaveaheavyresponsibilitytoseethattheyareflownwithin theiroperationallimitsandarenotputtoanyriskhoweverslight. Shouldanyaccidentormalfunctionoccurduringthedisplayofanyof theseirreplaceableaircrafttherewouldbeadisasterinmoresensesthan one.Theowneroftheseaircrafthaveavitalresponsibilityinthisarea anditistobehopedthattheirjudgementwillremainprudent.Theymust takecarethatonatidalwaveofeuphoriatheydonotrisktheseaircraft unduly.Similarremarksapplytothosewhotrytoretracehistoryby flyingtheroutespioneeredbytheoriginalaircraft.Thesightofan apparentlyabandonedRapideonsomeNetherlandsAntilliesairfieldin theaeronauticalpressshowswhatcanhappen.Oftensuchwasteisnot causedbyadesiretokeepanaircraftflyingforalltosee,butthevanity ofthepilotwhowantstoflytheaircraftundertheguiseofnostalgia. Whatsuchactionsareintendedtoproveisapuzzle;afterallweknowit canbedone.Soletusseemanyoftheseexcellentaircraftlooked afterinthemannertheydeserve.Iftheycanfly,thensomuchthebetter justsolongastheyarenotputtounnecessaryrisk.Inthiswayweshall seeouraviationheritagepreserved.

PIPING Nss°c

TheP.F.A'NewPresident

AttheP.F.A.InternationalRallyDinnerand PrizegivingourChairmanannouncedthatMr.R.P. Beaumonthadkindlyagreedtobecomethe Association'snewPresident.

OurnewPresident,whowillbetakinguphis appointmentinSeptember,hasaverydistinguished careerbehindhim,andweshouldbeproudofhaving suchapersonatourheadHehasgreatenthusiasm forlightaviationandoverthepastyearshasoften helpedusintestflyingvariousprototypeaircraft,a taskwhichheenteredintowithgreatenthusiasm.

R.P.BeaumontwasintheR.A.F.andaftertaking partintheBattlesofBritainandFrance,thenight 'blitz'of1940,anddefenceofconvoysintheBattle oftheAtlanticin1941,hewassecondedfromthe R.A.F.toHawkerAircraft(December1941)asa productiontestpilotonHurricanesandTyphoons. HereturnedtooperationalflyinginJuly1942with No.56Squadron,andwhileflyingTyphonsin commandofNo.609(WestRiding)Squadronofthe RoyalAuxiliaryAirForce,introducedthedayand night`train-busting'techniquewiththeseaircraft whichhelpedparalyseEuropeanrailwaysinthe periodprecedingtheNormandyLandingsin1944.

TheTyphoon'sdevelopmentwasnotcomplete whentheGermansintroducedtheFockeWulf190in 1942,withtheresultthatearlytroubleswerecarried overintourgentoperationalservice.Mr.Beaumont's faithandspecialexperienceplayedasignificantpart ingettingoverthesedifficultiesandtheTyphoonwas eventuallyshowntobesuperiortotheFW190atlow level.

Mr.BeaumontwaspostedbacktoHawkerAircraft for6monthsfromMarch1943,thistimeasan experimentaltestpilotonTyphoonsandTempests. HethenreturnedtooperationsinFebruary1944to formthefirstWingequippedwithTempestV aircraft(150Wing)for'D'Day.Subsequently,he shotdownthefirstenemytobedestroyedbya Tempest,anBf109G6,nearRouen.

DuringtheGermanV1'flying-bomb'offensive againstLondon,flyingTempestsincommandof150 Wing,heshotdown32ofthe'Doodlebugs',hiswing destroyingatotalof632.Hewasoneofthefirstto bringonedownbyslippingthewingtipofhis Tempestunderneaththatoftheflying-bomband tippingitupsothatitsgirowastoppledcausingitto crash.

InSeptember1944,heledthefirstTempestWing toHolland.AfterdestroyinganFW190on1lth OctoberandstraffingaGermantrooptrainon13th

October,hewasshotdownbygroundfireand captured.Hewasreleased7monthslaterwhenthe prisoncampatLuckenwaldenearPotsdam,was over-runbytheRussianArmy.

BackinBritain.Wg.Cdr.Beaumonttookcommand oftheAirFightingDevelopmentSquadronatthe RAFCentralFlyingEstablishment.

HelefttheRAFinJanuary1946tojointhe GlosterAircraftCompanyasaciviliantestpilot, takingpartinthedevelopmentflyingoftheMeteor XIV,includingclearanceforthe1946worldairspeed recordof616mph.HethenjoinedEnglishElectric aschieftestpilot(May1947).Hewasappointed ManagerofFlightOperationsin1955,madea SpecialDirectorofEnglishElectricAviationin1960, andbecameDirector,FlightOperations,ofBAC PrestonDivisionon1stNovember,1965.Hewas appointedDirectorofFlightOperationsofPanavia AircraftGmbHin1971,thecompanyresponsiblefor theTornadomulti-rolecombataircraft.

Mr.Beaumontholds3officialworldclassrecords, allsetinCanberrasacrosstheNorthAtlantic.On 3IstAugust,1951,heflewwithacrewof2from Aldergrove,NorthernIreland,toGander, Newfoundland,atanaveragespeedof481.12mph. The2,072statutemileswerecoveredin4hours18 minutes24.4seconds.Ayearlateron26thAugust, 1952,hecaptainedaCanberrawhichcoveredthe samerouteoutandbackin10hours3minutes29.28 secondselapsedtime,givinganaveragespeedof 411.99mph.Theoutwardcrossingcountedasone recordandthereturnhalfofthetripatanaverage speedof605.52mphasanother.Forthisfirst doublecrossingoftheAtlanticinoneday,heandthe crewwerejointlyawardedtheBritanniaTrophyfor the'MostMeritoriousAchievement'byBritish Aviatorsin1952.HewasawardedtheO.B.E.forthe Canberraworkin1953,theDerryandRichards MemorialMedalin1955,theR.P.AlstonMemorial Medalin1960andtheRAeSBritishSilverMedalfor Aeronauticsin1965.In1968,hewasawardedthe C.B.E.,andappointedaDeputyLieutenantfor LancashireinDecember1977.OnIstJanuary,1978, followingreorganisationofthenewlycreatedBritish Aerospace,hewasappointedDirector,FlightTest, WartonDivision,butrelinquishedthisappointment on1stAugust,1978,inordertoconcentrateonhis commitmentsasDirectorofPanaviaFlight Operations.

Mr.Beaumontismarried,has4children,asonand 3daughters,andlivesatSamlesburyinLancashire.

Abec

Howlinggalesandlightaircraftdon'tmix.Any Vintageaircraftownerwithhismachinetieddown outintheopenduringastormknowsthat.Howeverhelpisonhandintheformofaremarkably efficient(andinexpensive)littlepackageproducedby TonyandJeanYoungofAlyAviation,Charlton Mackrell,Somerton,Somerset.Calledthe"Wessex Tie-DownKit"itconsistsofastoutcanvassbagcontainingthreecorkscrewtie-rodsandthreepatentselfsplicinglengthsofnylonrope.

Wecouldnotresistgivingthiskitacomparative testagainstamuchcostliertiedownkitofthe AmericanAugertypeandfoundthatinturfwith normalearthsubsoil,theAlycorkscrewcould withstandapullforceof140poundsagainstthepull of180poinidsnecessarytodislodgetheAugertype. ButtheAugerrodalwayssuffersthedisadvantageof beingdifficulttoscrewintostonyground,andisonly atitsmosteffectiveinclayconditions.

Ofcoursethecontroversyaboutthebestwaytotie downatail-draggerhasbeengoingonsincethefirst machinewasblownover,butthetail-into-wind methodhasalottorecommenditprovidedone knowsinwhichdirectionthewindwillblow.Theold BeeswaxCuboncesurvivedafiftyknotgaletied downinthisfashionontheNorthWalescoastsome yearsago.Needlesstosaythewholetailwasvery secureiytiedtoaneavystakedrivendeepintothe groundandthecontrolswerelocked,butthestrain onthewingsandtiedownrodsthatoccurswiththe nose-into-windmethodwascompletelyabsent.The oldgirljustsatandrockedwatchedbyanailbiting Beeswax.

VINTAGE NEWS

TedMoslinisnostrangertoVintageenthusiasts. Heregularlyflysintomeetingsalloverthecountryin thesilverandyellowReadingFlyingGroupTiger Moth,butfewpeopleknowthatheisaqualified expertontherepairandoverhaulofmagnetos,to whichworkhebringshisvastengineeringskillsasa precisiontoolmaker.Hisservicesaremuchin demandbyVintageandVeteranracingcar enthusiastswhorequiretheirancientmagnetos completelyrebuilt,andsuchisthedemandforthis workandalsotheoverhaulandrebuildingofmotor gliderengines(basedonPorschedesigns)thathehas formedasmallcompanytoundertakethebusiness. HiswellinsulatedworkshopatBinfieldHeathisa modelofmodernequipmentandcleanliness,forTed alwaysbelievesinusingthebesttoolsavailable.The soulofmodesty,hewillneveradmittohisunique expertiseinthisfield,buthisreputationissafely establishedwiththegrowingnumberofsatisfied customers.

TedMoslin,withexperienceofmanyaircraftto hiscreditflyingTigerMothG-ANFM.HisknowledgeofmagnetosandVolkswagontypeenginesis unsurpassed.HefrequentlyusestheMothtopick-up ordeliversmallenginecomponents.

AUGERSVERSUSSCREWS

Ontheright,theinexpensiveWessextie-downkit withitspatentself-splicingblackrope.Ontheleft, thesmallestoftheAmericanAugerKitsand necessarytommy-bar.CamperSwift"Scarlet Angel"inbackground.

FlyingTrouble-Shooter

Photo.—A.Chalkley

GiveforthosewhoGave

Photo.—A.Chalkley

POLISHEDPACER

CLIPPERS,PACERS,VAGABONDS.Magicnamesfrom thatswingingeraofPiperclassicsthatemanated fromLockHavenjustafterWorldWarTwo.Names thatwerefamiliartoeveryaero-modellerofthose dayswhoneededastablehigh-wingmachineon whichtobaseascalemodelaeroplane.

Norarethehandlingqualitiesanylessreliablein thefullsizeaircraftandthereisasignificanttrend amongstVintageenthusiaststorecognisethe thoroughbredcharacteristicsofthePiperAircraft Company'sdesignsproducedinthefortiesandearly fifties.Atypicalexampleofthisexcitingperiodisthe beautifullyfinishedPA-20G-ATBXofRonald SouchandhisattractivewifeJoan.Resplendantinits nowivoryandgoldcolourscheme,itpositivelyshone inthespringsunshineatHenstridgeduringthe bustlingwellorganisedWessexStrutFly-In,andwas thecentreofattractionforthemanyphotographers atthemeeting.

Originallybuiltin1952,theaircraftwasshippedto EastAfricaandspentnearlyfifteenyearsinKenya beforebeingsoldtoaU.K.buyerandkeptatOld Sarum.RonandJoanSouchboughtthePacerin 1975andwefirstsawheratFinmere,intheclassic creamandredPiperliveryduring1976.Sincethat timeRonhascompletelyoverhauledherathishome workshopinSouthamptonandrecoveredthe airframewithAmericangrade'A'cottonfinished withaButyratedopescheme.Notcontentwiththe usualdopedfinish,RonSouchspenthoursofwork "CuttingBack"thecellulosefinishtoobtainahigh glossthatwouldbeenviedinaRollsRoyce showroom.Helpinghimwiththislabourof perfectionwasyoungaviationenthusiastMark Masterswhosuppliedmuchoftheelbowgrease.

PoweredbythereliableLycoming0-290-D2 engineandsportingapairofWag-AirGlassFibre Spats,G-ATBXwillprovideRonandJoanwith economicalaviationformanyyearstocomeandbea concourswinnerinanyeventtheychoosetoenterit.

VintageAircraft magazine

Thequarterlypublicationforoldaeroplane lovers.Eachissuebringsfascinatingarticles ofthekindthatdonotappearelsewhere.Air testsonvintagetypesbyrecognisedauthorities,WorkshopReportsdetailingthe rebuildsofvintagetypessuchastheAvian andMothMinor,andmanymore!Plusour MuseumReports,NewsReviewandour GoldenAgeSeriesonsportingandcommercialflyinginthe1920sand1930s.

Can YOU affordtomisssuchapackage?

Annualsubscription£3.00(UKEt-Overseas SurfaceMail).£6.00Airmail.

Samplecops 75p— WRITENOWTO: 13WesternAvenue,Woodley,Reading BerkshireRG53BJ,England

Themirror-likefinishonRonSouth'sPiperPacerG-ATBXcanbejudgedbythereflectionsunderthe wing.NotetheroomyJourplacecabinwithaccesstorearseatsbydooronleftside.Photo.—A.Chalkley

TonyBianchi'sBackerJungmannwithitsnewcustommadepropellerbyHoffman.Improvementin rate-ofclimbwasdramatic.

OLDPROPELLERS—NEWTECHNOLOGY

Itiseasytoforgetthatnomatterhowmuchpower thereisupfront,theperformanceofanaircraft dependsontheefficiencyofthepropellertoconvert powerintothrust.Anunsuitableairscrewcan lengthentake-off,reduceclimbandcruisecapability andgenerallywastefuel.Notcontentwithmerely reproducingreplacementpropellersbasedonoriginal designs,theHoffmanpropellercompanyhavesetup acomputercontrolleddesignsystemusingthemost up-to-dateknowledgeofairflowtechnology.Given aircraftdesign,speedrequirements,take-off performanceetc.,Hoffmanwillproduceawooden propellerthatwillconverteveryounceofengine powerintousefulthrustbymakingsureeachsquare inchofbladeareaissoshapedtoproducemaximum efficiency.

LONDON SAILPLANES LTD.

TRINGROAD,DUNSTABLE BEDS.

Tel.-Dunstable62068

OPENMONDAYTOSATURDAY–9A.M.TO6P.M.

StocksofmostmateriathfortheHomeBuilder

Fabric,343,575,Linen7F1/5CandDacron

Dope(ClearandColour),PinchinJohnson, TitanineandRhodius

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ControlCablesmadeuptoorder

Adhesives,AeroliteandAerodux

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GL1AircraftPlyfrom0.8mm.to3.0mm.thick

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C.A.A.welding.Machiningandre-sprays

Sends.a.e,forpricelist

Adramaticexampleofthisabilityoccurredwhen TonyBianchiofPersonalPlaneServicesrefittedhis BuckerJungmannwithoneofthesecustommade propellers.

Therateofclimbwithitsoriginalpropellerwas always600f.p.m.undermaximumweight conditions.Underthesameconditionsthenew Hoffmanairscrewproducedastartling1300f.p.m. atthesameindicatedenginerevs.

Foodforthought–If youdohavethemisfortune toclobberyourvintageaircraftpropeller,youcould endupwithamoreefficientaeroplane.

VINTAGEAIRCRAFTCLUBCALENDAR

1979-80

Date Event Place

SeptemberVintage& 15/16ClassicAirSat/Sun.craftAssoc.

Invitation

Fly-In

OldWarden—V.A.C. membersinvitedto attendthistwoday meetingwiththe AnnualVintageClub SpotlandingCompetitionontheSunday.Listedasa normalday(open10 a.m.-5p.m.).Adults 75p,Children40p. Opentocarefulflying visitorsonastrictly P.P.R.basis(Northill (076727)288.

October 7(Sunday)

November 24(Saturday) 1980

January 20(Sunday)

Vintage Hy-In Winter Social Snowball Rally

Finmere—Endof SeasonMeetingfor VintageClub Members. (Tobearranged.)

V.A.C.memberswill begivendetailsof placeandDinner arrangementsbypost. FinmereAerodrome–Overthepastdecade thishasprovedamost popularFly-Inevent. Plentyofhotsoup andhospitalityon handtokeepoutthe cold.

Photo.—A.Chalkley

AcrossAustraliaandBackinaHomebuilt Aircraft

ThedecisiontoappearatTheSportAircraft Associationbi-annual"FLYIN"attheoldBowral Airport,southofSydneywasmademonthsago.I foundareadyco-pilotinRobbieFelton,alsoa builderofanaircraft,aV.P.2.

First I fittedanextrafueltankof5gallons, approvedbyTheDepartmentofTransport.This tankwasfittedbeneaththe13gal.maintankand gavetheaircraftasaferangeof33/,hoursor300 milesinstillair.Italsoprovedtobeagoodplatform tostoresomeofourclothes.

Luggageconsistedoftheminimumofclothes, toiletarticles,twosleepingbagswhichreplacedthe backcushions,somesmalltools,lightwheelchocks, cockpitcover,cameras,tiedownstakesandalight batterycharger.Thelatterwasnecessaryasitwas requiredtochargeoursmallHondamotorcycle battery,usedtopowerourA.S.H.360channel V.H.F.radio.Theaircraft-enginewasnotfittedwith agenerator.

Adequatelyclothedandarmedwithmapsand computersweleftJandakotearlyintheafternoon oftheTuesdaybeforeEaster.Ishouldmentionthat "TheWestAustralian"aviationreporterandcamera manwerepresenttotakeaninterviewand photographwhichappearedinthefollowingdays newspaper.

UpandawaywithMountDaleourfirstturning pointandgivingusacheckonourgroundspeed. Thedaywasfine,coolandcloudyandwelandedat Kalgoorlieafteralmostfourhoursflight.Herewe weremetbymysonPeterandstoppedthenightwith hisfamily.HereTheKalgoorlieMinergotastoryand aphotoandtheA.B.C.aninterviewwhichappeared onthebreakfastprogramme.Afterteawewere invitedtoappearattheA.B.C.foratapedinterview forSydney.

Nextmorningafteruntyingtheaircraft,whichhad beenstakedoutforthenightwegotfuelandheaded forNorsemanviaKambalda,thenickeltown. Norsemanwasreachedinanhourandourheading wasthenchangedtoaneasterlyoneovercountry withfewlandmarkstillwereachedtheEyreHighway nearBalledonia.

AheadstretchedthelongribbonoftheEyre Highway.Thedaywasfine,clearandcoldwith hardlyabumpintheair.WereachedCaigunaonthe coastin31/4 hrs.Herethestripterminatedinashort windingtaxiwaytothemotelonthemainroad. UnabletogetAvgaswesettledforstandardmotor fuelstraightfromthebowserinthemainroad,much totheamusementofmotorists.

Aftertakeoffwegotsomemoviefilmoftheold telegraphstation,nowruinshalfburiedbydrift sand.Laterweflewalongthecliffswhichstretched formilesandflyingslightlyouttoseagotsomegood photographsofthestriatedcliffs.NextstopEucla andbyflyingoverthemotelontheedgeofthe scarfe,attractedthemanagerwhodrovedowntothe stripandpickedusupforanightstop.Theplanewe pushedintotheavailablehangar.

Nextmorningafterrefuellingfromdrumswe headedforCeduna,acontrolledaerodromeonthe coast,reachedafter31/4hrsflying.Approaching Cedunawewereabletogetthesurfacewind conditions,barometricpressure,cloudcoveretc.

Barometricpressureenabledustosetouraltimeter enablingustocarryoutthecircuitatthecorrect heightabovesealeveloftheaerodrome.

Afterrefuellingwetookoff,madeourdeparture callandheadedforPortPirieviaMinnipa,

by AlanMitchell

Kyancutta,Kimba,andPortAugusta.Thisflight wasalongoneof3'/,hours.Afterclimbingto altitudewewouldselecttheauxiliaryfueltankonthe hourorhalfhour.Itwouldconsistentlyrunfor1 hourandseventeenminutescuttingoutwhenwe weren'texpectingitevenalthoughwehadprepared forit.

Quicklychangingtanks,theenginewouldpickup inafewseconds.Onesoonsettlesdowntoflying longdistances.Wewouldpickapointonthehorizon aftergettingoncourseandmaintainingheightand directionwaseasyinthesmoothairconditions,with frequentglancesatengineinstrumentsaltimeterand compass.

Dualcontrolsenabledustohandoverwhenfeeling likearestandbecomethenavigator,aneasytaskin ourslowaeroplanewiththeairspeedregistering75kts.

Wehadplentyoftimetoworkoutgroundspeeds betweenknowntownsorlandmarks.Timealsoto tryandestimatethewindspeedanddirectionfrom thedriftofthecloudshadowsoverthegroundor fromthesmokeofchimneys(infrequent)orfires. Flyinginanopencockpitaeroplanedemandsthat everythingrequiredbeathand.Mapsneedtobe foldedsmallandonaboardwithacutdownsection offlightplantapedonifflappingmapsthreatening togooverboardaretobeavoided.

Incoldweathergloveshavetoberemovedtonote atimeanditcanbecoldasyoucanimaginewith temperaturesdecreasingalmost2Deg.C.forevery thousandfeetofaltitude.

WemadePortPidejustbeforelastlighthaving goneNorthwardstoPortAugustatoavoidcrossing thegulf.(Aircraftarerequiredtocarrylifegearwhen crossingwater).AtPortPidewetieddownandgota taxitothetownandaHotel.

NextmorningwegotfuelandheadedforMildura. Aheadlay2,000ftoddhillsatBurrathenonto Morgan,Waikerie,RenmarkandMildura,viathe windingMurrayR.

AfterrefuellingweheadedforNarranderaawar timetrainingfieldviaBalranaldandHay.Thiswas GoodFriday,butnotagooddayforgettingfuel. Norcouldweraiseataxi.Westoppedthenighthere andmadefriendswithacoupleinsimilar circumstancesandflyinga150toQueensland.

Nextmorningingoodweatherweheadedonour lastlegforBowralviaJunee,CootamundraHarden andGoulburn.TheaerodromeatBowralwaseasily locatedbeingbetweenthetownofMittagonganda reservoir.Wewereonthegroundalittleafter middaytobemetbyfriends.Almost2,000milesin 241/2hoursflyingtimeoverfourdays.

Afterlunchweinspectedthehomebuiltsintwo longrowsalongonesideofthestripwithvintage aircraftfurtherdown.Laterwetookpartinaflypast ofhomebuiltaircraft.Thecountrysidewaslike Englishpastures.

Thateveningweattendedadinnerandprizegiving speechnight.OurSportAircraftAssociationwere hoststovisitingAmericansamongthembeingthe wellknownPresidentoftheE.A.A.PaulPoberezny andSteveWittman,designerofthewellknown "WittmanTailwind".Wemetbothofthemand laterwewerepresentedwithanengravedbeermug byourPresidentAllanHeaton, for "TheMost CommendableFlighttoAttend".Amemorable night.

Laterweweredriventoourlodging"TheMount Eymard"forawellearnedsleep.Nextdaywelooked athomebuilts,attendedthefleamarketandlateron

aforumbyPaulPoberenzyontheE.A.A.(Itwas tapedandIhopeitreachesourAss.)

-Intheafternoonwetookpartinanotherflypastin frontof10,000visitorsnodoubtattractedbyT.V. coveragetheeveningbefore.

Itwasafinedaylatertobecomestormyjustasthe programmeended.Inthemorningarmedwitha freshlychargedradiobatteryweacceptedalifttothe drome.Packingandsayinggoodbyetookacoupleof hoursbutsoonwewereonthereturnjourney accompaniedbyaJodel11andVP1asfaras Goulburn.

WelandedatGriffithandafterrefuellingheaded forMildurawhichwereachedafter6hoursflyingfor theday.HerewestoppedataMotel.

NextmorningwereachedWaikerieaglidingfield withfulltimeactivities.Welingeredhereawhileas thecloudswerethickbutbreakingup.Wethen headedforPortPirieviaBurra.Thecloudsoverthe hillscausedustodeviatesouthwardtoavoidthem beforechangingheadingforPortPiriewherewegot fuelbeforeheadingnorthwardstowardsPort Augustacrossingthewaterinthegulfjustbeforeit andheadingforIronKnobaminingtownthenonto Minnipa.Wekeptlowbecauseofthecold.The airstripatMinnipaisveryclosetotheMotelandwe pushedtheplaneintoanemptyhangarbeforebooking intothemotelforashower,mealandbed.Inthe morningwetookonenoughfueltoreachCeduna whichwasreachedin1'/4hrs.

NextontoEuclaviaNundroo,Yalataand Nullaborwithadeviationtothecliffswhichwe followedatalowaltitudetakingadvantageofthe bowwaveoverthecliffsandwatchingtheairspeed jumpto7-9knots,thusreducingourtimetoEucla.

Herewelandedandwerepickedupbythe managerwhoarrangedfuelatthemotel.Herealsowe methisfatheraonetimeownerofanAvroCadet (643)photosforproof.(Avrotrainerswereusedby

theR.A.A.F.fortraininginstructionsduringthe war)

NextontoBalledoniawherewetieddownforthe night.HerealsothestripisclosetotheMotelandthe managerpickedusup.Aplacetoberecommended fortheircourtesyastheyalsoarrangeddrumsand fuelandaliftforthenextday.

OntoNorsemanthenextmorningwithafearful headwindandveryturbulentflying.Wecovered87 milesin2hoursandwereonlytoogladtotiedown onthesaltlakeaerodrome.Herewestoppedthe nightandheadedforKalgoorlieinthemorningin muchbetterflyingconditions.

Afterrefuellingweheadedforhomelandingfirst atCunderdinforfuelastheheadwindpreventedus fromdoingthishopinonestage.

KalgoorlietoJandakot(PerthSecondarydrome) wasreachedin43/4hrsmakingsixhoursflyingfor theday.Timeforthereturnflight271/2hours.

Totalflyingtimefor4,000miles,52hours.

TheGipsyMinorengineoftheDruineTurbigave notroubleandweused8litresofoilforthewhole journey.Theengineusedaconsistent4gallonsper hourcruisingat2,050R.P.M.Noflightplanwas lodgedforthereturnflight.

DetailsofAircraft

DruineTurbi,designedinFrancebythelateRoger Druine.

Wingspan286in.

Length25'9in.

Tandem2seatopencockpit.

GipsyMinorengine80H.P.FaireyReedMetal prop.

Max.speed87kts.

Cruisespeed75-78kts.

Fuel,maintank13gal.aux.tank5gal.

Ourpersonalandcomprehensiveserviceisalso availabletomeetmostotherindividualorcommercialinsuranceneeds.

SortingouttheMustang

Readerswithenoughpatiencetoploughthrough theseriesonbuildingthe2/3scaleMustangwillrecall thatitendedatthefirstflight.Toleavethematter therewouldbemisleadingtosaytheleast. (Popular FlyingVol.22.I,2,3and 4).Duringthefirsttaxiing trialstheaircraftdemonstrateditspreferencefor terrafirmabybendingthelowerpartofthemain undercarriagelegs.Firstindicationwasnoticedwhen thestoveenamelfinishcrazed.Landingsfromthe firstthreeflightsbythetestpilotandthefourthby myselfaddedtothedistortionandafterthatthelegs wereremoved.

Straighteningoutwasdoneintheforgeatthelocal schooleveningclassandapairofcrescentshaped websweldedtotheoutsideofthecurve,thiswhole lotboxedin.Thesumtotaldoubledthestrengthat thisvitalpoint.

Atthesametime,becausethestallwasakinto Armageddon,sometemporarybuffetstripsmadeof balsawoodwerefixedontheinboardsectionofthe leadingedge.Themodificationwastogivemorestall warningandwasinfactsuccessful.Subsequentlya metalversionwasmadeandthebalsawoodtaken away.Duringmythirdflightanattemptwasmadeto raisetheundercarriage,maingearonly.

Theamountofeffortrequiredwastotally unacceptabletomeandInevertriedagainwiththe oldsystem.Thetailgear,madefaithfullyto drawings,wasalsoimpossibletoretractinflight.

Raisingthemaingearseemedtobegoodforabout 30m.p.h.soobviouslythematterneededpursuing. All,ormostof,theeffortwasbeingexpendedin overcomingfriction.Theobviouswaytokilltwo birdswithonestonewastochangeovertoa

byBillWilks

hydraulicsystemwithahandpumptooperatethree rams,oneforeachwheel.

Somedesignproblemswereinvolved,particularly inviewofthefactthatonelegwouldnodoubt precedetheotherwithahydraulicsystemwhereas withthescrewjacksbothmainscametogether. Eventuallymydraftschemereceivedthegoahead fromP.F.A.Engineering.Theramsinparticular wereonextendeddeliverysothiswasalongtermjob whichcouldbeundertakenwhileothertestingwent on.

Moreflyingindicatedthattheenginewas developinganastyhabitofoilingupfirstoneand thenbothplugsinNo.2cylindertogetherwithan increasingthirstforoil.AltogetherIwasan unwillingparticipantinthreefinalapproacheswith nogoroundcapability.Noneoftheseweremuchfun andIthenhadtowatchthetestpilotdoa`goround' onfivecylindersduringthenextflight.Healso consumed2gallonsofoilintheonehourdetail. Quiteobviouslysomethinginmy"Zerohour" enginewasnotasMothermadeit.Equallyitwasnot goingtoputitselfrightsoIdecidedtotearitapart. Afterarespectableintervalwedidjustthat, removingtheprop,cowling,rockercover, manifolds,camshaft,rockers,camhousingand Finallythecylinderbarrel.Inspectionrevealedthat oneofthetaperedpistonringswasupsidedown,thus insteadofscavengingthecylinderitwasactively pumpingoilinthewrongdirection.Somuchfor yellowtickets,testcertificatesandthelike.Aclear caseoftoomuchmumbo-jumboandtoolittlebrain.

Inresponsetoatelephonecall,themaninNew Yorkhadanewpistonandringsinmyhotlittlehand fivedayslater.Thisactionwasabouttheonlygood thingtohappenforsometimeandIwastednotimein puttingthewholelottogether.Fortunatelyan inspectorwasavailabletohavea"looksee"before thecoverswereputbackon.

Lifenowbegantolookalittlebetteronthenext flightandItwaspLeasanttohaveauleastanengine thatfunctionedasintended.Ithadtakenalongtime togetroundtothisjobbecauseoneofthemagneto H.T.sleeveshadgonetoearthandthishadtobe replacedbeforethecausecouldbefinallylocated. Duringthelasttestflightbeforetheenginework, partofthetailgearmechanismhadstartedtodistort andhadtobesubjectedtoalittlebeefineuphereand there.

1hevariouspartsforthehydraulicundercarriage weremadeoracquiredbythistimesosomemore weightofcarefullymadebuttotallyuselessbitsand pieceswereconsignedtothescrapbin.Rightfrom thewordgothehydraulicarrangementswentwell andverysoontheaircraftwasonjackswithall wheelsgoingupanddown,doorsopeningand closingandlightswinking.P.F.A.hadinsistedona destructiontestforasamplepipeassembly,this pressuretoberelatedtothemaximumsystem pressure.EventuallyImadeupatestrigwhichduly destroyedthepipeat5timesthel7Olbs.persquare inchmaximumsystempressuresothatwasthat.

ThenextflightwasbyBrianSkillicornwho reportedthatthegearworkedwellbutthathehad managedtobreakthescoopunderthefuselage.Inall fairnessIhadneverbeenveryhappywiththis mouldingwhichwasoneofthelastbitstocomefrom thedefunctSturgonairfirm.Thiswasnoconsolation

and

MainUndercarriageAssemblyshowingdoor brakearrangement.

Air scoopshowingtheverticalbracing forhavingtolayonmybacktomakeasteel/araldite sandwichrepair.Atthesametimeasmallvertical bracewasbondedintosaveanymorenonsenseof thistype.Thefollowingflightwentquitewellandas 1taxiedoutforyetanothertherewasaresounding crashfromthestern.Themalleablecastingonthe tailwheelassembly,importedatgreatexpense,had criedenoughandthewholelothadrolledbackand burieditselfinthebottomofthefuselage.Imustsay thatIjustdumpedthewholelotinthehangarand wenthometodosomegardening.Inspectionafter thedusthadsettledandthehelpgonehomeindicated thatdamagetothefuselagewasnonstructuraland easilyrepaired.Asforthebrokencastingthiswas stucktogether,builtupwithplyinstrategicplaces andsentofftoafriendlyfoundrywhoproducedtwo beefedupreplicasinphosphorbronze.Ofthese,one wasmachinedtoacceptalltheexistingbitsandpieces andawaywewentagain.

Thelastfewflightshadtakenplaceinveryhot weatheranditwasbecomingobviousthatmoreoil coolingwasnecessary.Theexistingcoolersworkedin oneoftwoscavengelinesandpresumablymostof theoilwaspassingthroughtheothernoncooledline. Thusanothercoolerwasfittedintothislineinthe samemannerastheprevioustwo.Theeffectwas instantanditwasverysatisfyingforsomethingto actuallygorightforonce.

Havingmissedthe1977Sywell1wasmostkeento gettoSywell1978.P.F.A.arrangedtoobtainspecial permissionforthetripRedhill-Sywell-Redhillonly. WithoneweektogoBrianSkillicorndidanothertest flightandaswewatchedhimreturntothefieldthe aircraftseemedtojudderforabouthalfasecond. Weallheldourbreathashenursedtheplaneintothe circuit,eventuallycomingbacktothehangarlooking alittlegreenaboutthegills.Itookoffthetwounderwinginspectioncoversandthisconfirmedthatthe aileronshadflutteredvirtuallydestroyingthe operatingbellcranksthemselves.The'C'meterwas at+6and—4!!Duringthelandinganother,andup tothen,reliablepartofthetailwheelassemblybroke, butthatwasprettysmallbeerbycomparison.

SothatwasSywell1978,canyoubelievethatIhad evenmarkedinthecourseonmyhalfmillionmap?

Severalratherpertinentquestionsneeded answeringafterthisepisode.Firstly,wastherestof theairframedamaged,secondlyhowdidithappen andthirdlywhatwastobedoneaboutit.

Astothefirst,BrianDunlopandDevhadagood lookaroundandapartfrom3oftheaileronhinges beingveryslightlyloosepronouncedeverythingin order.

ForthesecondBrianSkillicornconsideredthatit startedat150m.p.h.inturbulence,considered opinionbyJohnWalkerblamedthefactthatthe aileronalthoughtruetodrawing,wasonly40%mass balanced.AsaresultofthisP.F.A.requiresthat 100%massbalanceaspartoftheregulations whetheroriginallydesignedthatwayornot.

PopularFlying,September-October,1979

Theaileronbellcrank,whichhadtornwasnot reallyaverygooddesignbecausetheinputforcesand outputforceswerenotinthesameplane,hencesome twistingforcewasinevitable.Eventuallyitwas agreedthatothersweremade,twogaugesthickerand muchwiderwheretheaforementionedtwisting forceswereatamaximum.Asforthemassbalance, theexistingweightwashousedinsidethewingskin, forwardofthehingeline,fittedbetweentwoplates boltedtospeciallystrengthenedribs.100%balance meantatleastanother8lbs.ofleadworkingatthe sameradius.Thismeanttwomoreweightseachside whichmeanttwoholesinthewingrearspar,which hadtobesuitablyreinforced.Theskinontheaileron wascutawayintwoplacessothatfourribscouldbe reinforced,checkplatesboltedinandthecastup weightsfitted.Theselastweremadeontheheavy sideandfiledawaytoachievebalanceinasimplejig.

Eventuallyalltheworkandtherepairand modificationofthetailundercarriagepartwas finishedandeverythinginspectedyetagain.

Thedaychosenforthenexttestflightwashotand withnilwind.Theaircraftneververykeenonleaving thegrounddecideditdidn'tfeellikedoingsoand simultaneouslyIdecidedthatIwasexceedingmy ownlimitationssoshutdownthereandthen.When theensuingwrestlingmatchhadfinishedIdumped thewholelotbackinthehangarandhadalong think.

Theperformancejustwasnotthere,firstlyithad neverbeenpossibletogetmorethan2,000r.p.m.in theclimbandonlyabout1,800ontherunway withoutmakingthespeedairborneunacceptablylow low.Obviouslyavariablepitchproparrangement wastheonlywaytogo.Themetalprop,originally intendedtovaryinpitchwasobviouslyveryefficient butonlyoverasmallspeedrangeforanygivenpitch, hencetheproblem.TheRangerenginehadnofacility

FLYINGFORFUNfromAtoZ

Altimeters,ASIs,AGS,Adhesives,Alternators.

Betas.Brakes,Bolts,Batteries,Baffles,Brackets,Bushes.

Condors,Carburdilors.Cables,CylinderTempKits,Controls, Crankshall..Canopies,Cowlings,Cylinders,Compasses. Dope,Drives.Ducting,DrainValves.

Engines((ontinental.Gipsy,Lycorning,Ardern),Extinguishers,ExFillersItie!Cocks,FuelPumps,Finings,FlyingWires,Fabric,Fork liods,Lastenets Generators.CMeters,Gyros,Glue,Crommets,Gaskets,Gauges. Harness.Hinges.HomirbuildersService.

Instruments,!mauledSystems.IntbrinationPackages,Inspection Panels, miMcls,JubileeClips,lets.

KilstorVWconversionsandCylinderTemperatureLeads,LogBooks,LandingLights. Magnetos,Manuals,MasterCylinders,MixtureControls_ NavigationLights,Nameplates,Notices,Nuts,Needles.

OilPressure,OilTemperatureGauges,0Rings.

Plans,Propellers,Plugs.Plywood,Pins,PilotHeads,Plexiglass Pulleys,Pistons.

QuickReleaseFasteners.

RevCounters,RateofClimbIndicators,RodEnds,Rings,Racing specialists. Slantpes,SmokeSystems,Starters,Shackles,Spruce,Spinners, Switches,Spats,Screws.

Tigers,Turbulents,Tyres,Tubes,Turnbuckles,Tailwheels,Tanks, Tape,TowingI-looks

Undercarriages.

VoltageRegulators,Ventilators,VacuumPumps,Valves.

Wheels,Wires,Windscreens.

XeroxCopyingService.

Yourenquiriesarealwayswelcome.

Zerohourengineoverhauls,

Andwrite,callorvisit

ROLLASONAIRCRAFTANDENGINESLIMITED BRIGHTON,HOYE&WORTHINGJOINTMUNIC.AIRPORT, SHOREHAM-BY-SEA,SUSSEX,BN4

Telephone;Shoreham-by-Sea(Sussex)62680

Cockpitlayout forsuchathingasaCSUbutonehadbeenbuiltup inCanadausingthesameprop.Irangthemanat WesternPropellerinEdmontonandhadalongchat abouthowithadbeendone.Theupshotofthiswas thatalthoughIcouldhavemanagedtheengineeringI didnotfeeluptothepolitics,don'tforgetthatithad taken5monthstogetthepropclearedandnowI shouldhavetoasksomeonetoclearanother assemblyofunrelatedandunprovedbitsandpieces. Hellwouldnodoubtfreezeoverfirst.Anyhow I didn'tfeelstrongenoughtotrysotookanotherway out.WhiletheoriginalpropfusswasgoingonIhad writtentoUnivairinColoradowhomadethe Aeromaticprop.Thisisadevicewherethetwoblades arenotco-axialhencethecentreofpressureofthe bladeasitmoveswithchangeofspeedexertsa twistingforcewhichtendstomaketheassemblygo intofinepitch.Thisforceisresistedbybalance weightswhosetendencyistomakethewholethinggo intocoarsepitch.Thetwobladesareconnected togetherviaahypoidgearinthehubandfineand coarsestopsareprovided.Byjugglingwiththestops andbalanceweightstheenginespeedattakeoff, cruiseandatVNEcanbecontrolled.Irangthefirm

andarrangedtobuyoneoftheseandinduecourse, aftertheexpenditureofquiteatidysumbecamethe ownerofone.Needlesstosayitbecamelostonthe airlineandsomefiveweekselapsedbeforeIcould collectfromHeathrowafterafurthertidysum had beenhandedover!!(indutyandV.A.T.)

AsasideissuetheAeromaticpropwasconsiderablylighterthantheHartzellhencetheC.ofG.was goingtobeoutoflimitsaft.Fortunatelymovingthe batteryandbox(22Ibs.)81inchesforwardfrom behindtheseattoinfrontofthebulkheadwould bringthingsbacktonormalsothiswasdonewhile theairlinehuntedformyprop.Induecourseyet anotherexpensiveassemblywasremovedand dumpedinthegaragetomakewayforthenewprop, nospinnerofcourse,thatwouldhavetobemadeup later.AsamatterofinteresttheAeromaticwas certifiedforuseontheRangerEngineandalsohad woodenbladessoapprovalwasnoproblem.

Thedifferencewasimmediatelyapparentoncethe enginestarted,andinduecourseIflewit.Forthe firsttimetheaircraftseemedpleasedtoleavethe groundandreallycrackedalong.Threeflightswere neededtogetthespeedsjustrightviavariousadjustmentsbuttheneteffectwasabetterclimb,and another20m,p.h.onthecruise,evenwithout spinner.Inthiswaytherequiredhourswereflown offandverymuchlaterBrianSkillicorndidthelast flightandgavethethingacleanbillofhealth.

Subsequentlythefullpermitwasissuedattheend ofMay,1979.

SonowIhaveanaeroplanewhichcanactuallyfly aboutthecountry.Whathasbeenlearntbythe exercise?

Thefirstshockwastherewasverylittleavailable fromwhatisleftofourindiginousindustry.Asfaras thiscountryandlightaircraftforthecivilmarketare concerned,therearen'tany,andwhatismorewon't beanyinthefuture.Thereforetheonlysuccessorto whatwasonceaproudbutalwaysverysmall industrypreandimmediatelypostwarisP.F.A.We operateinaprivilegedmannerundertheumbrellaof the statecertification oreanisation.Underthe charter,asitis,wecandesignandbuildourown aircraft,testitandmonitor its performance,all withinourownorganisation.Thissituationhasbeen achievedbyalongperiodofsafeoperation.You mightfeelthattheAmericanapproachproduces

DoncasterSailplaneServices for HOMEBUILDERSSUPPLIES

(1.1_Iaircraftbirchplytimmto5mm.

Fabric2weightsforsupportedandunsupportedareas. Dope'tauteningandcolouretc.

Jointingcoinpoundfor wood/mei al. Spruce.DouglasFir,WhilePine.Ash,gradeA.

A.S.I..5.1.compassesetc.,etc.

S.5 I4 andS510steelsheetand'145tubes. Controlcablemadeuptoorder&ProofLoaded.

V - P. 1 Strut'Tubes, UndercarriageStock. AllA.N.parts,nuts,bolts etc. forVP-I,VP-2. Cavalierplansandallrawmaterialtobuild. Fibreglassandresin,releaseagent, pigmentetc.

Sends.a.e.forpricelist

moreinnovationbutmyownexperiencehasshown upafewlimitations,basicallyallmyaggravationhas beenattributabletoinsufficienttestingandor recordingoftheresults.IrecentlywrotetoAmerica statingthatIhadexperiencedaileronflutterandthis rathersoberingfactelicitednotonesparkofinterest anywhere!

Manyyearsagoahangarwasakintoacathedral andthepeoplewhoworkedinitnearlytookholy orderstodoso.Inthisalmostfeudalatmospherethe standardswereimpeccablewithoutagreatdealofthe controlsthatareimposedtoday.Nowwith sophisticatedprocedurestheholyordersarenot necessaryandthuspersonalstandardsneednotbeso fastidious,althoughtheymaystillbeofthehighest standardsinsomecases.

ItseemstomeinP.F.A.wehavethebestofboth worlds,ourownstandards,becausewehavenotime elementinvolvedcanbeofthehighest,henceeven thebuildingcan,andshould,beenjoyable.Infact thismustbesobecause,inevitably,weworkwithno supervisionotherthanourownpersonaldesireto makethebestjobwiththematerialsathand.The inspectorinspectsthejobbystagesanddoesnot watcheverymixofglue.Thuswhateverour experienceweareallowedtodojobswhichhitherto

wouldonlyhavebeenundertakenbyahighlytrained anddedicatedindividualundersupervisiononthe spot.Theupshotofthissomewhatrighteousepistleis thatinordertoprotectourselves,theinspectorwho signsitout,P.F.A.,andflyinggenerally,our standardsmustbeonthehighestpossiblelevel.The commercialquestionof"wouldyoubuyit"canbe modifiedto"wouldyouflyit".

Tosumupasonewhohadverylittleaircraft experiencebutplentyofengineeringwaterunderthe bridge,theamountofworkinactualbuildingwas aboutwhatIexpected,theamountofproblems thereafterweremorethanexpectedandlefteventhe mostrecalcitrantracingcarfordead.Thisisnot becausetheproblemsaremuchdifferent.Icould writeseveralbooksonabout20yearsofracingcars, butbecausetheproblemshavetobetackled differently,onaratherless"suckitandsee"basis.

However,don'tbeputoffbyallmyproblems, don'tforgetthatthiswasafirstinEurope,first retractableandjustawcebitdifferentfrom anythinghitherto.Italsoillustratesthepitfallsthat onecanmeetwithanunapproveddesign.Ididnotin factbiteoffmorethanIcouldchewbutImustadmit thattherewereoneortwobitsofgristleinthepie.

TheCompleteAeroplane

Partoftheundercarriageretractingmechanism.

STRUTTINGAROUND WithJimWillis

EASTMIDLANDSSTRUT

AttheAprilmeetingoftheEastMidlandsStrut, memberspresentviewedanumberoffilmsonair safetyshowingamongstotherthingsthe consequencesofnegligenceandapathywhenflying; StuartJacksonthenreportedtomembersonthe AprilmeetingoftheNationalCouncil.

TheStrut'sMaymeetingcentredaroundatalk givenbyDerekLeatherlandonVHFradio,ADF, VOR&Radarapproaches,thegeneralinterestinthis subjectwasevidentbythesilenceofthosepresent notwithstandingthosehawk-earedfolkwhowere prompttocorrecttheinevitablemistake.

ANDOVERSTRUTSUNNYWEEKEND'79

ThesecondweekendinMaywillhenceforthbe knownas'OurWeekend'.Tomethe12-13thofMay epitamisedwhatJimEspinhasbeenfightingforall theseyears.Pophamcamealive.SosaysAlan Lovejoyinhis"fly-in"report.

TheSaturdaymorningdawnedtheusualgrey mistyPopham'fly-in'weather.Thissoonburntoff toallowtheworkingpartytosetupshop.Ourfirst visitorwasanArmyGazellepassingusbyontheA30 Airway!Didwehearhimsay"there'stwoP'sin Popham",ashewavedtotheroofpainters!

AsusualweplannedourFly-inBar-B-queonthe Saturdayeveningtowelcomeanyvisitors.Wewere delightedtohave'planesarrivetostayovernight'. ThanksBobforcomingdownfromBruntonand ourotherfriendswhoarrivedfromnearandfarto campwithusovernight.That'swhatit'sallabout.

Agreateveningwashadbyall,thesightofTiger MothG-ANFMdoingabitoflocal'Jollying' aroundatsunsetwasasighttoremember.Thesight ofStrutCo-ordinatoralsodoingabitof'jollying' laterthateveningwasalsonottobemissed!He thinkshehadagoodevening.Alanyoudid!

OnceagainontheSundayitdawnedmisty.The BBCweathermapthenightbeforeshowedfogtothe WestandcleartotheEast.WellAuntieBeebwe knowwherethatdividinglinewas...1mileEastof Popham!Ateleventhemarshallershadnothingto marshallandthecarparkremainedempty.Aircraft begancallinginandwehadnooptionbuttoinstruct

themtowaitatThruxtonandBlackbushe.

Ateleven-thirtythefirst'planepunchedthrough, hewasabitevasiveabouthisnavigatingprowessbut wethinktheA30signpostshelpedabit.Asif by magicbymid-daythe'clag'departedanditwasopen shop.ThroughtheJungletelegraphwordwentout "Pophamwasclear"andaircraftarriveden-masse. Themarshallerscouldnowmarshal!

Allafternoonourfriendsarrivedfromallpoints (wellnearlyallpoints,asthesouthcoastandwest remained'dampers'allday).Thefinaltotalofvisitors being77'4.Halfbeingacertaingentlemanwho attemptedtolandwithanovelspatarrangementona '172,thenosespatbeinginverted!Heleftanice channeldownthecentrelineanddepartedfrom whencehecame.

Wenowhavethesatisfactionofknowinghow many'planesJim'sfieldwilltake.Wehavesome waytogotoachievethepopularityofour neighbours,WessexStrutbutgiventime,theweather andthejungletelegraphwe'llgetthere.

BeingaPFAFly-inwewereparticularlypleasedto welcomethetruehomebuilts.'Rocky'Stonearrived inMikeBeach'sSE5inhisusualmindbogglingway andneedlesstosayMikewenthomewithourBest Homebuiltaward.WhenparkednexttotheIsaacs Furytheymadeafinepair,aninspirationtoall PFAers.ThiswasourmostsuccessfulFly-intodate. Wetrustweweren'ttoomuchofanuisancetosome ofourneighbours.Welearntsomelessonsandhope wecandobetter.RumourhasitJohnCummingsis gettingtogetheraStrutpartytovisitOshkoshnext yeartoseeiftheycanofferusatiportwo!

Ourthankstoallwhovisitedus,especiallythose whojoinedusforthewholeweekend.Ourthanks alsotoallthosewhohelpedinanywaytogetitoff theground.Ithinkitsafetosaythatthosewhodid mostgotthemostenjoymentoutofit.ThankstoJim fortheuseofhisveryspecialAirstrip.

ThePrizewinners— BestHome-built:SE5Replica—MikeBeach.

BestWood&Fabric:LutonMinorG-AYDY— BillGoldfinch.

BestAllMetal:Beagle'Pup'G-AXDV— BobChappell.

Vintage:AusterJ/5AutocarCi-A0FM— ChrisBarnes.

WESSEXSTRUT

FollowingthepicturepagesoftheWessexStrut's HenstridgeFly-inon22April(seeJuly/August PopularFlying) thefollowingreporthasbeen receivedfromTonyYoungtheirCoordinator;154 aircraftattendedwithanestimated400-500total movementsbetween10a.m.and4p.m.provingyet againthatradioisnotessentialforthesafetyof aircraftataneventofthistype.

Anumberoffirstsoccurredagainthisyear,thefirst turbopropintheshapeoftheLauraAshleyKingAir flowninbyBillBoot,firstforeignvisitorswithfour Frenchaircraft,allmembersoftheFlyingRotarian Organisation,arrangedandinvitedbyPhilPickford aspartofatouroftheU.K.OurfirstHelicoptera Hughes500,whilstontheflyingsidewecan'tleave unmentionedtheimpressivesightofthePopham contingentsarrival,avicformationofnineaircraft breakingoverheadandlanding.

OurgratefulthanksmustgotoWestlandAircraft andtoAlanButlerfornegotiatingonourbehalffor theprovisionoffirefightingappliances;Westland providedafullcomplimentoftheselookingvery smartandefficient.

Ourstaticexhibitsandtradestandswereasgood aseverandourrefreshmentgirlsworkedveryhard again,sellingoutofalmosteverythingbytheendof theday.

OurP.F.A.trainingweekendwasheldat HenstridgeovertheWhitsunBankHoliday.Some veryusefulflyingwasdoneundertheinstructionand guidanceofPhilPhillipsandAlfKnowles;bythe endofthesessionaveryimpressiveformation was to beseenaroundthelocality.

NORTHERNGYROPLANESTRUT

TheNorthernGyroplaneStrutheldtheirGyro rallyatMelbourneFieldon5th&6thMay,despite manyheavyshowersquitealotofgyro-glidingwas done.HenryBeeversgavehisCampbell'Cricket'GAYHIanairing,otherpoweredmachinespresentbut notflownweretheBensenB8ME(G-BCWI) belongingtoGeoffandGeraldWard,G-ASNZa Bensen138withaPorscheenginebelongingtoGerald TaylorandCampbell'Cricket'G-AYHHownedby TedSawyer.

TheGyrogliderlineuphadEarlTesto'sBensen B8dualseatglider,TedSawyer'sGyroflight 'Midge',KenandVincentWillows'Gyroflight 'Midge%RegPeaksbroughtalongyetanother BensenB8dualseatgliderand,lastbutnotleast,the S.E.V."Gadfly"gyrogliderwasthereyetagain,but thistimeITFLEWwithHenryBeeversdoingitstest flying.

OnSunday6th,theweathershowedlittlesignsof improvementoverthepreviousday,mostoftheday wastakenupgivingairexperienceflightsonthedual gliders,inoneofthefewperiodsduringthe afternoonDavidBeevers(G-AYHI)andGerald Wardputupasplendidperformanceintheir poweredgyroplanes.

DEVON/CORNWALLSTRUT

ItisproposedtoformanewP.F.A.Strutinthe DevonandCornwallarea.Wouldanymemberin thatareawhoisinterestedandwillingtohelpplease contactMr.RayPierce,1JaponicaClose,Glenholt, Plymouth.

ListofTrophiesandAwards

10.CornwallTrophyfortheYoungestPilotat Leicester RobertBergsma Cessna172PH-BAX

PFACupfortheOldestPilot AlfKnowles LutonDuetG-AYTT

MostMeritoriousFlighttoSywell SigurdHeiret Fly-BabyLN-BGY

MostMeritoriousArrivalnotbyair BillBeelan,CycledfromHolland.

BestGroupAircraft DerwentFlyingGroupJodelD.117G-AXHV

DellMothClubTrophyfortheBestMoth RogerBailey PussMothG-ABLS

BillWoodhamsTrophyforNavigation PresentedtoPatHolmes.

BestArticlein'PopularFlying' PresentedtoIanBurnett

1.RoderickTurnerMemorialTrophy PresentedtoBrianSkilicorn

2. LoisParkerMemorialTrophy

3. President'sJoystick

4.PeterMasefieldTrophy PresentedtotheMontgomeryUltraLight FlyingGroup.

5. AirSquadronTrophyforthebesthomebuilt DaveHunterTaylorMonoplaneG-BEVS

TonyFrancis IsaacsFuryG-AYJY

JeanLouf ColibriMB-2F-PYEH

6. JohnRandallTrophyforBestVintageAircraft RonSouth PiperPacerG-ATBX AlanChalkleyComperSwiftG-ACTF PhilipHart Auster AlphaG-AJE1

7. PilotTrophyforConcoursd'Elegance RudiKurth Vari-ezeHB-YBG

CliffAnnis HornetMothG-ADKK FrankCox PiperCubG-AYCN

8. BestJodel PeterWatts JodelD.117G-BCLU

18. FaulknerBryantStrutShield PresentedtotheNorthWesternStrut 9. PersonalPlaneServicesTigerMothTrophy CarstenOlholmOY-DCH

19. AirLeagueNavigationTrophy PresentedtoNeilThompson

DHMothClubRally byMikeVaisey

SomeofthemanyentrantsassembledatHatfield. Itstartedasalateeveningtelephonecallfrom StrathallentoStuartMcKay,themanbehindtheDH MothClub,whenhewouldreallyratherhaveretired tobed—andendedasasuperblysuccessfulweekend thatwillliveforalongtimeinthememoryofthose whotookpartandthelikescrfwhichwewill probablyneverseeagain.

"HowaboutgettingafewMothstogetherand cominguptoseeusinScotland"wentthe conversationnearlyayearagonow.Tentative enquiriestoadozenTigerMothpilotsandafew HornetMothsshowedanencouragingresponseand beforelongseveralsponsorswereshowinginterest.

HoweverMatthewGloagandSon,makersofthe FamousGrousebrandofScotchreallymadethe wholethingpossiblewiththeirgenerousoverall sponsorship.Soitwasthatforty-fourTigerMoths, sevenHornetMothsandfourDragonRapides gatheredatHatfieldonFriday,29thJuneforfinal preparations,scrutineeringandbriefing.Conceived asanon-throttle-bendingRally,theemphasiswasto beonfueleconomycombinedwithaccurate navigationandtimekeeping.Tomakesurethat turningpointswereroundedontimetheRoyal ObserverCorpsbecameinvolvedallalongtheroute andtokeepthepilotsontheirtoesanavigation quizpaperorganisedbyBobPooleyofAirtour Internationalwasgiventoeachcrewafewminutes beforetake-off.Thecourseofsome327nautical milescalledfortwostopsbytheTigers,atHucknall andSunderlandwhiletheHornetswiththeirgreater rangewentdirecttoSunderlandandonto Strathallen.

Withananticyclonetothesouth-westanda vigorouslowtothenorth-eastofScotlandtheMet manforecastdepressinglystrongheadwindsof 3100/25-30knotsovermuchofthecoursesothe timedelementofthelongestlegfromSunderlandto Strathallen(21/2Hours)wasdroppedtoallowthe Tigerstomakeforanalternateiffuelwasshort. HoweverthegeneralweatherwasgoodandPeter HarriswaswavedoffinTigerG-AYUXbyPeter

deHavillandat8.53onSaturdayfollowedbytherest ofthefieldatoneminuteintervalswiththeofficials andorganisersbringingthepaper-workalonginthe RapidesandaHeron.

WithjustaslightrainshowersouthofNottingham alltheTigerswererapidlyaridefficientlyrefuelled andturnedroundatHucknallwiththehelpofthe localPFAStrutandbymid-daywerewingingtheir waynorthoverthebleakYorkshireMoors. OccasionallyaTigerwouldfindaRapideorthe Heronalongside,eachwindowwithacamera clickingawaylikemadeorthe 'Flight' Senecawith TomHamillcrouchingintheopendoor.Byearly afternoonalltheaircrafthadarrivedsafelyat Sunderlandagaintoberefuelledandrefreshedbythe NorthEastStrutofthePFAundertheguidanceof LesRichardson.Aftertake-offthecourseinitially tookthecrewseast-north-eastforfivemilestoround thelighthouseandkeeptherestofthecourseclearof ControlledAirspacenearEdinburgh.Argumentswill rangeformanyawinter'snightaboutquizquestion 29—"Whatisthecolourofthetopofthe lighthouse".Bylateafternoonthewindevidently wasnotasstrongasforecastandtheMoths continuedontrackconfidentthatfuelrangewould notnowbeaproblemthehighbutbrightovercast givingawaytosoftmelloweveningsunshineoverthe

AlthoughnotanentryRogerBaileyaddedhisPuss totheCollectionofMothsatHatfield.

ten-milecros‘ingoftheFirthofForth,thebeautiful hillsaroundLockLevencomingquicklyintoview andverysoonbeautifulStrathallenwiththe airfieldnestlinginthefertilevalley.Afterlandingthe crewswerestillkeptbusyasflightlogsandcharts wereexaminedbytheinvigilatorsandquizpapers collected.Eventuallyhowevereveryonecouldrelax andenjoyawelcomebuffetsupperarrangedbythe sponsorsandcomparenoteswithotherpilots.Soon coacheswelereadytotakeeveryonetothe comfortableOldCourseHotelinSt.Andrews,some fortymili-,away.

Sundaywasafreedayforallthecrewswhowere abletoexplorethesurroundinghillsandtakeme ofthelessfortunatenon-participantsforaride. GoodweatherenabledtheDavidJacksonAcrobatic Competitiontoberunintheafternoonandsome superbsequenceswereonlymatchedbyNick Parkhousewhobeatlastyear'swinnerRichard TeversontotaketheTrophywithafineperformance intheTigerClub'sTigerG-AOAA.AMothflypast andaformationofthreeRapidesroundedoffthe afternoonanditwasbackinthecoachestotheHotel fortheGrandBanquetandPrizegiving.A metamorphosisfromflyinggearintomoreformal attireandapiperplayedeveryonetotheirplacewith thesponsors,organisersandjudgestakingthetop [able.Suchahappyoccasionroundedoffa wonderfullysuccessfullyweekend.Stuartkeptthe "bigone"to[heveryendoftheproceedings. ProclaimingDavidandCherryCysterasoverall winnersitendedseveralhoursoffriendlyspeculation borneofrumoursofexceedinglygoodfuel consumptionfigures(jestsof"somethinginthe fue1")and"ifhecanfindhiswaytoAustraliahe oughttobeabletofindScotland!"

HIGHLANDAEROCLUBFLY-INMULL

Ofcourseonehas10exercisecareandmakesurethereisnoseaweedroundtheundercarriage.Butthen,oncethe anchorisout

thereisplentyoftimetomakethosetrickytechnicaladjustmentsPullaresodtpicuitinfitght,beforegoing offkrlunch.

PHOTO'SOFJOETURNERANDHISVOLMERSPORTSMANBYTIMGRIFFITH

smanistha.oucanlandbyremoteScottishIslands.

Letters Book

DearSir, Review

UnfinishedPrizewinners

ThisyearatLeicesterIhadmyfirstinsightintothe vasteffortthatgoesintotheorganisationofthe annualrally.InpastyearsIhaveenjoyeditalotand grumbledalittle,howeverthistimeIwasinvolvedin thejudgingofthebesthomebuiltanditwasabitof aneye-opener.Thewellknownnameshadtheircoats offworkingharderthanyoucanimagine—sonext timebefore you grumbleatsometriviaIsuggestyou appreciatethatperhaps1ofthemembersaredoing 100ofthework.Theyneedamedal!

NowIwouldliketomakeonesuggestionthathas sprungtomind(andthatthePMmaycursemefor).

CanIsuggestthata Major trophyisawardedforthe bestunfinishedairframethatiswelldisplayed,the reasoningisasfollows:

Tomanywouldbebuildersacoveredairframe meansvirtuallynothing.

Thechoiceofthemostsuitabledesignwouldbe fareasier before theplansarepurchased.Many giveupinastateofacuteshockatseeingthecomplexityofplans.

Itwouldgivebuildersencouragementduringthe long,longbuildingperiod.

Itwouldbringbuildersatvariousstagesinto personalcontact.

5Itwouldbeimmenselyinterestingtoallserious builders.

IncaseyouareworriedabouttransportingthemI wouldsuggestyouconsiderhiringavanortraileror perhapsborrowatrailerfromyourlocalgliderclub. Theycouldbeeasilyprotectedfromrainbya polythenesheetandthemoreyouthinkaboutitthe moresenseitmakes.Theprizecouldbebasedonthe bestpresentedandinformativeairframewiththe emphasisonshowingprospectivebuildershowitis done.

1knowthereweresomeexcellentdisplaysat Leicester,IfoundthePittsairframeandhelpful buildermostinterestinganduseful—moreofthis wouldbesuper.

Sincerely,

MIKE BEACH

Soundslikeagoodideatous.Moreaircraft actuallyunderconstructionandonshowwouldgive membersandthevisitingpublicabetterinsightinto themovement.Eds.

BritishHomebuiltAircraftSince1920

FirstpublishedinOctober1975,thesecondedition ofKenEllis'bookisnowavailable,andisalready biddingfairtobecomingthestandardworkof referenceonthesubject.Sincethefirstedition appearedthecontentshavebeenconsiderably expanded—thefruitsofmuchresearchparticularly inthepre-waryearsareaddedtothemainpowered aircraftsection,whilethecoverageisextendedto includehomebuiltgliders,balloonsandairships, manpoweredaircraft,andaverycomprehensive sectionofGyrosandHelicoptersbyEricMyall.Asif allthiswasn'tenoughanumberofAppendiceslista rundownofthePFAprojectnumberingsystem,PFA overseasprojects,thePFADesigncompetition,the PFA"Register" inthe G-PFAAseries,aircraft technicaldata,usefuladdressesforplansetc.,anda comprehensivebibliography.Thecompletepackage isroundedoffbyafascinatingselectionof photographswhichincludenotonlytheinevitable Sywellscenesofrecentyears,butalsoalargenumber fromthosegoldenpre-wardays.Allinallthe reviewercouldfindlittletofaultthisexcellentbook andfounditoneofthosevolumesthathaving openedittocheckonefactfoundhimselfstill readinganhourlater(justlookatthesectionof FlyingFleas,andyou'llseewhatImean!)British HomebuiltAircraftispublishedbytheMerseyside AviationSociety,Room14,Hangar2.Liverpool Airport,LiverpoolL248QE,andisavailablefrom theP.F.A.OfficeatShoreham.Price£4.31including P.andP.

from IANBURNETT

LesleyPennell'sTurbulentG-ARTFatLeicester.

Notmuchactivitytoreportthistime—nodoubta reflectionofthe"Post-Leicester"rundown!Don't forgetthatthiscolumndependsonYOUR contributions,andallnews,howeversmall,is welcome—perhapstheStrutCo-ordinatorswould liketosendupdatesfornextIssuetomeat "Langstone",Riseley,Swallowfield,Berks.R07 10L.

PFAProjects

PFA/161.OneoftheoldestPEA-registered projectsstillonthebooksistherecentlyrebuilt TurbulentG-ARTF.NowownedbyLesleyPennell, andresidentatHinton-in-theHedges,Oxon,itwas nicetoseeitatLeicester—perhapswemayhavemore detailsontherecentmodssoon?

1427.Anothernewcomertotheannualjamboreeat LeicesterwastheTaylorMonoG-BCRJ.Startingas aprojectwithE.WillisatNorthHykeham,Lincs,it iscurrentlyflyingwithMessrs.Robertson,Streeter, Barrington,andMcCormackoftheCanaryFlying Groupinanappropriatelyall-yellowc/s.

1431.R.A.Bragger'sTaylorMonoG-BDNOwas almostcompleteatBodmininmid-July—perhapswe mayhavenewsofitsfirstflightsoon.

1551.D.Webster'syellowFREDG-BBBWwas anotherofrelativelyfewnewU.K.Homebuiltsat Leicester—againwelackF/Fdetailsetc.

2001.MentionofthefactthatTempeteG-AYTV wasasyettheonlyexampleofitsbreedtoappearin theU.K.(PFJuly/August)promptsustoremindthe PFeditorsofG-ASUS!RarelyseeninpublicSUSis stillverymuchalive,however,andstilllivesat CoventrywithD.G.Jones.

64-10152.BillPenalunahasconfoundedallthe "pundits"byrebuildinghisSkyboltG-BFHM,and wasactivelyengagedintestflyingatSt.JustinmidJuly—onlypaperworkpreventedhimjoiningusat Leicester.

62-10264.ColinWatsonverykindlysentussome detailsofhisVP-IprojectG-BGBDwhichheis buildingatHolywood,Co.Down.InMaythe aircraftwascompleteawaitingfitmentofthe engine—apartconverted/overhauledVW1600.At

HOMEBUILDER

SUPPLIES

FORMETAL,WOODEtGRPAIRCRAFT

SONERAIIICANOPIES,COWLINGSEtFOLDED SPARS WINGKITSMADETOORDER

CAPACITYFORMACHININGEtFOLDING UPTO8ftLONG.

MATERIALSAVAILABLEINANYSIZEAND QUANTITY

FUELTANKSMADETOORDERORINSTOCK 14/1/// /UMYln//, (Eho14iiv

AEROSPORT

17 RAILWAYCOTI-AGES CARLTONMINIUMTHIRSK NORTHYORKSHIRE

lel:IHIRSII24010

thesametimesomeinstrumentswerestilllacking, andColinwaslookingforagoodprop.Asheputsit theVP-1hasbeen"aone-manprojectfor2years", andhehopestobeintheairbynextseason.

29-10274.

PeterValentinealsosentusinfoonhis FREDprojectwhichheisbuildinginIckenham, Middx.Earlierthisyearthefuselageandtail assemblywerealmostcomplete,withall"expensive" itemssuchasengine,prop,radio,wheels, instruments,andfittingstohand.Petesayshis intentionistomakehisFREDG-BPAVasgood lookineaspossiblebyroundingoffcornersetc.Mike Vaiseyhasmadehimapairofwheelspatssimilarto thoseonhisMinor,andGregShepherdhassupplied aspinner,whichPetesaysisaveryniceshape,and Greg'sworkmanshipissecondtonone.Soundsas thoughwemayhavetocallG-BPAVaFredarather thanaFRED...!

55-10318. OnlynewPFAProjecttoberegistered thistimeisChrisJ.Bragg'sG-CRISregisteredon 5.6.79.

43-10362. PeterRussellproudlyreportsthathehas finishedhisColibriMB.2G-PRAGinjusteleven months.Maidenflightwasontheeveningofthe28th June.

OtherProjects

GAXLH Nipper—OriginallybuiltbySlingsbywith theirtypenumber5.130G-AXLHwasexportedto Malaysiain1970whereitbecame9M-API-1with KennethBrooksbankatKualaLumpur.Regularly flownlocallyitsurvivedacrashthereinFebruary 1972,andwaseventuallybroughtbacktotheU.K. latelastyear,anddulyrestoredasG-AXLHtoKen Brooksbankon12.2.79.Weareverysadtoreport, however,thatafterassemblyatHurn,itwasbadly damagedafterenginefailureonbaseturnonatest flightonI2.5.79—perhapsitmayberepairedwe hope.

G-BGVM CassuttIIIM-ImportedbyJohnMirlee recentlythisnewadditiontothegrowingFormula contingentisinfactaWLSCassutt—itwasbuiltas N51WSbyW.L.SullivanintheU.S.A.

G-BGLZ StitsPlayboy—Mostinterestingofthe recentlyimportedhomebuiltsisthePlayboyGBGLZ.ThiswasbuiltasN9996inearly1973by DavidSadleratWenatcheintheStates,andhasa ContinentalA65-8.ImportedearlierthisyearbyKen GommitwasstoredforatimeatBovingdon,andin mid-JulywasbeingrebuiltasG-BGLZ—theproject weunderstandbeingoverseenbyPatBarker.

G-BGXL BensonN8MV—OnlyGyrotoappearthis monthisH.A.Bancroft-Wilson'sBensenG-BGXL (HABW.1).

NewProjects

96-10493WarnerSpecial.J.O. C.Warner,Mallows, FerryRoad,HaylingIsland,Hampshire.

94-10494Quickie. D.Robinson22AAlexandraCt MaidaVale,W.9.

55-10495TaylorMonoplane. D.A.Russell,138 BonaventureHouse,85/91LeightonRoad,Hong Kong.

62-10496EvansVP-1. M.L.Perry,34HiehView, Hempstead,Gloucester.

62-10497EvansVP-1. R.Wallis,CrestFarm, Duddleswell,Uckfield,Sussex.

15-10498SoneraiTwo. J.Wright,23NewCutLane, Southport,Merseyside.

55-10499TaylorMonoplane. S.CarletonSmith, Gatooma,PotterRow,Gt.Missenden,Bucks.

05-10500Sprite P.J.Hanley,TallTrees,Renney Road,HeybrookBay,Plymouth.

63-10501EvansVP-2 J.Watson,57Sunningvale Ave.,BigginHill,Kent.

74-10502Varieze.I. Shaw,133PogmoorRoad, Barnsley,S.Yorks.

31-10503Tailwind. T.G.Hoult,LowOctonGrange, Foxholes,Nr.Driffield,Yorks.

62-10504EvansVP-1. A.Emmerton,Marleycombe, Bowerchalke,Salisbury,Wilts.

01-10505Cavalier. J.Hoff,GrebbyHall,Spilsby, Lincs.

AboveistherudderforPeterValentine'sFRED project.BelowisPeterRussell'srecentlycompleted ColibriG-PRAG.

RaldingBetweentheLines

Ihavealwaysbeenfascinatedbylogbooks. Instructorsseemanyofthemandtheyallhavetheir ownpersonalities.Justasitissaidthatpetowners resembletheiranimals,soitiswithpilotsandtheir books.Someordinary,"Airtourvariety",others proudlytellingofwartimeexploits,ferryingall sortsofaeroplanesperhaps,withtheATA,or exploitsinobscurecountries.

Eventhetitlesbreatheatmosphere,fromCAform 24,viaRoyalCanadianAirForce,RepublicofSouth Africaandalltherest.Peoplewhoflewbecausethey hadto,becausetheywantedto,orwhovaliantly camehalfwayacrosstheworldtostandbythe Mothercountryintimeofneed.Theyareallthere, liabletolandonaninstructor'sdeskatanytimewith abookingtoFly....

Themostintriguingarethepeoplewho"haven't flownforsomeyears,butstillhavethebook somewhere...."Whenitappears,ittellswondrous storiesalmostalways.LovelySunderlandssometimes appear,orlittleAustersAOP-inginMalaya,indeed theimaginationpaintssceneswhicharepureartform.

AsaCFI,Isoonrealisedthatlogbookstellfar morethaneventhis.Theyareanalmostinfallible guideastoHOWthispilotwillfly,evenamirror imageofthosewhotaughthim,howeverlongago. Indeed,hiswholethinkingisbetrayedbythosestark pages,sometimeswithunderstatementslike"engine failed...ditched"orsuchdrama.

Ilookedthroughmyownageinglogbooksandwas takenbackthroughthetraumaoflearningtofly. Nicecrisppagesofneatentries.Namestookshapein themind'seyeasinstructors.Iheardagaintheir voicesshoutingoverthetinny-soundinginter-com. .."Watchyourairspeed"andsometimescoarser items.

IrealisehowluckyIreallywas.Taughtbyreally experiencedex-wartimeinstructors,paidforbya (then)generousGovernmentandflyinganearlynew Chipmunkalmosteveryday.Infact,Ihadcheateda bitanddonesomehoursataflyingClubfirst,going soloonanantiqueTaylorcraft'D'justaftermy17th birthday.MyChipmunkinstructorsummedthisup dourlyas:"Solo?Iwouldn'tsendyoudowntheroad onascooteronyourown."Infact,Ifoundthatas soonasIgotonethingrightintheChipmunk,some otherthingwasalreadygoingawry.Avoicefromthe rearseatonedaymadetheprofoundobservation:"I suppose'X'taughtyoutofly..."(resignedly).Of course,henamedtheinstructorwhohaddonemost oftheworkonmeattheClub,whichco-incidentally, hehaddonesomeweekendflyingforsometimeago. Hehadspottedmymirrorimageof"X"and proceededtodismantlemecompletely,then reassemblemeinapropermilitaryfashion.This experiencewasdeeplymoving.

Thisinstructorfinallyassembledmeasalogbook whichshowedasteadyprogressofexercises, continuousattentionandanicebalancebetweendual andsolo.IsuggestedthatIcouldflyintelligently, logicallyandaccurately,althoughIsufferedgreatly athishandsontheway.NowIseemanybookswith theearlyworkshownassomemilitaryFTSora UniversityAirSqn.andthepatternisalwaysthe same,intermsofquality.Eventhemanwhohasthe fadedentriesofEFTSinCanadianTigerMothsof thecoldwartimewintershasitalljustthesame.The EmpireTrainingSchemestillbreathesfundamentals tousovertheyears,lotsofHarvards,Cornettsand alltherest,ghostlyimages,butstillapartofthisor thatpilot.

byMikeStapp

Againstthis,thecivilianoftodaycanbeanything rightacrosstheboard.Thekeyisfirstly,howmany instructors?Andacrosswhatsortoftime-scale? AirworkPerthturnsoutaniceproduct,tonamejust one,butequallytherearesomeinteresting personalities,whomIknowwellfromthepages,but havenevermet.Amancametomeforaconversion course.Hesaidhelearnttoflywithalittle-known FlyingGroupinthemiddleofWales,onaTiger Moth.Istudiedhisbook,briefedhimfullyonthe characteristicsofthenewtypeascomparedwiththe oldand'Whatarayofsunshine!'Heflewlikeabird, pureinstinct.Orwasittraining?Heknewhowto handleattitudes,relatethemtoairspeeds,balance withrudderandcouldalsojudgethingsnicely.In short,heknewhowtoflyAEROPLANESwhichis quitealotdifferenttoblunderingabouttheskyin onetype.Itliesintheteaching.

Iaskedabouttheinstructorandnotedhimfor futurereference.Whenhisnameleapsatmefrom anotherlogbook,itisalwaysthesame,anice confidentrideandafineawarenessofwhatisgoing on.Amanwhoputhiswholeselfintothetraining task.Thereare,ofcourse,othersortsofentryand nameswhichshout"blacksheep"fromthepages andmuchthesamegoesfortrainingorganisationsin generalterms.IsometimesseeClubswhosepoor studentsflewwithanamazingnumberofinstructors inonly35hoursandthewholemannerofthepages fairlyshrieked"lackofbriefing"atme.Thepilots flewwithham-fistedprofoundignoranceinevery suchcase!ButtherearealsosomelovelyClubs about.Thepagessometimesspellanothersituation altogether,awholewarmthofpersonalattentionand caringmanagement.Youcanalmostseethebudding pilotblossomoutintoacapableanddecisionmakingnewflower,orperhapsabrand-new butterflyfromthelumberingcaterpillar.

Andsothetimesturnedfull-circleandthisnow matureChipmunkboremeintherearseat,witha brand-newcadetinthefront.Mealloveragain,just separatedbysometime-lagof20years.Heflewjust asIhaddone,madeallthesamemistakes,the horrificmisjudgementsandthen,onedayIjustsat backandsaid"Flyacircuit".Nomorethanthat. TheChipmunktaxiedout,diditschecks,Isawall thecontrolsmovefrommyseat,justasifIwasthe pilotmyself.Wetookoffanditwasuncanny.Ifelt thisChipmunkTHINKaboutsituations,justasI would,justWHENIwould.Itmadedecisions,acted uponthemandcamedowntheapproachjustasifI weresomehowflyingitbythoughtalone.Ittouched downandIevensenseditsrelief,asifthatweremy own.

SomedaythiscadetwillbeflyinglongafterIam gonefromthescene,butIwillstillbealivingspiritin thesky.IwillstillbeflyingjustasifIwerereally there,throughhandsandfeetmanyyearsmyjunior. Tosomefutureinstructors,whocaretolook,Iwill bejustanothernameinanotherlogbook...anda ghostofthemanwhotaughtme.Andwhotaught him?Echoes,allofus.

R.S.A.RegionalRallyCalais

JeanLoufisthelocal organiseroftheRSAand proudlydisplayed his Colibriwhichwonthird prizeinthehomebuilt competitionatLeicester thisyear.

ReneEstivalsflewhisown designEstivalsED-3FPOINfromPontoise.

ThisPielCP604isowned byRolandSableandflewto CalaisfromLongayon.

Thisunusuallooking Turbulentisownedhy remandHolierandAlain MayandisbasedatCalais.

Yetanother newColibri M8-2thisonebuiltby AlainRacoupean,also camefromPontoise.

RayDelvesflewthePEA's editorialteamfrom ShorehamtoCalaisand thenontoMiddenZeeland inhisRobinDR400 Knight160.

FlyingaGyroplane

Therotorbladesbegintheirfaintwhistleasthey blurintoasolidifyingdisc.Addingpower.Airspeed slowlyup.Thenosewheellifts.Fullthrottleand watchtheASIleapastheback-pressureonthestick iseased.45knots.Rotatethecraftintotheclimb attitude.Sheunsticks.Aquickjabofthecolumnto takeoffthebank.GettheASIbacktothecorecf climbspeedbyadjustingthepitch—gently!Could havedonethattake-offmoresmoothly,thewind isn'tsofaracrosssoImusthavehadtoomuch 'aileron'onbutwewereoffquicklythattime.Watch thatASI.Airspeedsteady.Engineinstruments?She soundsgoodandthealtimeterisunwindingnicely. Nobodyelsearound?Sure?Haveanotherlook. Don'tforgetbehindyoutoo.Whatalovelyday. Mustbebackby1500.

Willtrackoverthatridge,avoidingthefarmhouse. Outof500feetnow.SettheQNHandeaseherupto around1000feet.Bestbeoffaroundnumber.1200 feetwillbeOKtoday.Plentyofgroundclearance. Thatwretchedwind—musthave203ofdrifton. Thesunisgivingagoodshadowofthestickonthe floor.Anglenoted.Willmaintainthisheadingand checkthetracking.Atouchofrudder—nosideslip now.

Watchit!Horses!Slideacrosstoavoidthem. Wonderwhytheyaremorepronetogalloparound theirfieldsthancattleorsheepwhousuallyignoreus completely.Cantheyreallybemoreintelligent,as Patkeepstellingme?ThatlotwereOK.

What'sthat?Didtheenginemissabeatthen?No. All'swell.Musthaveturnedmyheadinthe slipstream.Wouldhavehadtoplonkherdownin thatfieldhavingflownadescendingcurvetothe righttotakeuswellclearofthosetrees.Tragictosee thoseelmssosick.Theyoughttobetakendown. Thankgoodnessthecornisharvestednow.Nasty stuff,standingcorn,turnusover.Rotortrackingis good.Cruiserevs,seemtobestabilisingat3600. Wonderifwecan'tmakethisarrangementalittle quietersomehow.Musthaveanotherthinkabout gearingthepropellerdownabit.

Crossthevalleynowandfollowtheroadtothe

ByJohnKitchin

village.Whatanimposinghouse!Mustcostabomb tomaintain.Howdotheydoitthesedays?Can'tsee thearmyofgardeners.Thisrealtyisabeautifulpart oftheworld.There'sagoodpaddock—easy approachintothewind.

Nobodyelsearound.Funnyhowfewother aeroplanesonesees.Keeplooking.Check instruments.Easeherbackto1200feet.Leavethe throttle.Speed'sOK.Mustgoroundthatwood.A forcedlandingtherewouldbeexpensive.

What'sthatlittlestonetower?Let'sdriftacross foralook.Noaeroplanesinsight.Easeupthenose andslowdown.Backto30knots.Sinkinggently now.Groundspeedmustbedowntoabout10knots facingintothiswind.Goodviewfromhere.Looks likesomesortofoldwatchtower;couldbeafolly perhaps.Pitytoseeitbeingusedasacowshed.

Nosedown.Airspeedbackto45knots.Let'sclimb backto1200feetandthenset3600rpmagain.Oil temperatureissteady.Thatnewcoolerworkswell.

That'sbetter.Canseethenextfewplannedlandmarksagain.Mustgodownwindofthatvillage.

Hithere!You'vegotasuperswimmingpool.See mewavingback?Willturnbeamon,downsun. Steadythestickwiththekneesandwavebothhands. Better?(ASI?Altimeter?)Enoughofthis.Some chassis!ShameIcan'tdropinforcoffee.Ah,well! Willdooneorbitandsetcourseagain.Watchthe ASIintheturn.Speed'sdropping.Rolloffabitof banktocutthedrag.Bye!

Thatfieldlooksusefulbutthatotherone'sabit tight.Checkcoursewiththe'sundial'.Windabout thesame.Temps.,pressuresOK.Thatshouldbean oldaerodromeoverthere.Yetanotherdugup!Why, ohwhydofarmersdothis?Surelyacoupleofacres ofconcreteareasbiganassetascrops?Supposethey can'tbe—orhejustdoesn'tlikeaeroplanes.Stilla darnedshameforthissiteismilesawayfromthe nearesthamletandwewouldn'tbotheranyoneifwe flewfromhere.

Let'stryaforcedlanding.Throttlebacktoidle.

John'sCambellCricketG-AXVKleadsthelineupofGyro'salLetcester.

Airspeedto50knotsanddownwego.Shouldland aboutthere—Ithink.Speed'sgood.Wouldhave madeitquitesafely.200feet.Fullpowerandround againforanotherapproach.

Fromthisanglewe'llneedaspiraldescentturning intowindforthetouchdown.Cutthepower.50 knots.Bringtheaimingpointclosertoallowforthe draggyturn.Somerateofdescent!Leveloff.Power on.Holdairspeedto35knotsandchecksurface windspeed.Blimey!Wemusthave15to20knots now,fromtheSouthWest.Howgoesthetime?With thisbeamwindwecangoonforanother20minutes. Callit15tobesafe.Fullpowerandbackto1200 feet.Nobodyaround.Gorgeousday.Justtheplace forafewmanoeuvres.Checktheinstruments—all OK.

Diveto60knots,noseupandfullleftrudder. Roundwegoanddownintoaswoopingdive,the windgivingusahighgroundspeednow.Check instrumentsandopenuptofullpower.Allclear. Pullupandagentleturnbackintowind.Climbing wellsobackonthestick.ASIfalling.30knots,20 knots,10knots,zero.Sinkingfastnow.That'slow enough.Nosedown.ASIbackto35knotsplusand climbto1200feet.Goodlookaroundagain.Turn intowind.Noseup.20knots.Fullrudder.Shefairly nipsround.Gettheairspeedbackto45knotsand climbawaydownwind.Thoseturnsundertherotor areallverywellbutthevibrationsareuncomfortable.Muchpreferthehighspeedflownturnswith theirsteady'g'.Oughttobegettingbacknow.Not thesameroute.Mustspreadthenoiseasthinlyas possible.Perhapstherewillbeanotherswimming poolonthewayhome?Thisreallyis the waytosee thecountryside.

Hello,hello.What'sthatlonecardoingouthere? Lover'sLaneorafarmsalesmantakingarest?No onearound.

InstrumentsOK.Noaircraft.Coursegood.Sun's

anglenoted.Landmarkcomingupahead.Pitythe railwayshavegone—theywereuseful.Willkeepthis oldtrackonmyleftasfarastheriver.Check altitude—steadyat1200feet.Goodfieldsaround here.Alluseableifnecessary.

Groundspeedholdingup.Luckythewinddidn't veerorwe'dbecrawlingalong.Canseetheridgein thedistancenow.TimeOKsowecandetourtolook atthatoldbridge.Beautiful.Musthavetakenyears tobuild.Goodviewfromthisangle.Mustbringa camerawithmeonedayonthisroute.Makeanote onthemap.Wouldliketohaveacloserlookatthat oldhillfortoverthere.Nottofarofftrackand upwindsowillstartedgingtowardsit.That'sdone thegroundspeednogoodatall.Stillifthiswind keepsupweshouldfairlyzapbacktotheairfield.

Atlast.Instruments,lookout(behindtoo)and slowevenmoreforagoodlook.Seem'stobeacar parkthere.Picknickerstoo.Funnyhowsomewave andsomedon't.Willflyroundthesiteandthen,for thebenefitofthefriendlyones,doaflownturnand setcourseforthefield.Bitchoppyhere.Betafixedwingwouldbehavingareallyroughridenow. Roundintowind.Fullpower.Gentledive,no sideslip.60knotsandupshegoes.Stickoverandfull rudder.Keepthe'g'acominguntilwe'relevelagain. Oncourseandfairlycrackingalongnowespecially with60knotsontheclockaswethrowawaysomeof theheight.

Circuitclear.Mayaswellusetherunway.Noone elsemound.Tightdownwind.Leftdescendingturn andstopontherunwaynumbers.Stickforwardand taxyclear.Rotorslowingnicely.Brakeson.Last scanoftheinstruments.Enginehasidledforabout oneminutesoswitchoff.Undoharnessandgetout, holdingtighttothestick,andstoptherotor.One hourandten,chocktochock.Fueloff,levelas expected.Nothingloose,nothingbroken.Didenjoy that.Whataday!

Noreplacementcosts? Impossible!

Butit'strue.Thisnewsparkplug, withabellmouthfiringend,willoperate foraslongasthemakersrecommended enginelife_CAAhaveapproved themfor2400hours.

Thinkwhatthismeans.Notonly economiesinmaintenancecosts andsimplifiedstockholding-but

IridiumElectrodeBellmouthPlugsby SmithsIndustriesareapprovedby enginemanufacturers,theCAAandthe FAAforallcurrentPistonAeroEngines producedbyAvcoLycoming,Teledyne ContinentalandRolls-Royce ContinentalMotors. completedependabilityintheair

Name Ifit'scleanitwillspark-theunique bellmouthfeatureseestothat

Whenre-orderingplugs, remember-youonlyneedfour

Position

Address variantsofthisnewplugagainst20 ofothermanufacturers'forthesame applications.Proveforyourselfwhat theCAAandMODhavealready Fordetails,completethisformandsendto demonstratedincapabilitytrials_ addressbelow

TheMagneticCompass

Thefollowingarticlehasbeenreprintedfromthe U.S.DepartmentofTransportation,VFRPilot Exam-o-Grams.

Themagneticcompass,intermsofitserrors, limitations,andin-flightcharacteristics,isoneof thoseaeronauticalsubjectsthatlargenumbersof pilotsdonotseemtounderstand.Thereisevidence thatthisveteraninstrument—itwasoneofthefirst tobeinstalledinanaircraft—isoneoftheleast understoodinstrumentsinthecockpitoftoday's modernaircraft.Manypilotsseemtooperateonthe premisethatitiseasiertoignorethisinstrument's characteristicsratherthanlearnthem.However,it shouldberememberedthat(1)thisistheonly directionseekinginstrumentinmostgeneralaviation aircraftand(2)itismechanicallyasimple,selfcontainedunit(independentofexternalsuctionor electricalpowerforitsoperation)thatislikelyto remainreliable.Reliable,thatis,ifthepilot understandsitscharacteristicsandinherenterrors.

MAGNETICCOMPASSCONSTRUCTION

Themagneticcompassissimpleinconstruction.It containstwosteelmagnetizedneedlesmountedona float.Theneedlesareparallelwiththenorth-seeking endspointedinidenticaldirections.Thecompass card,attachedtothefloat,hasletterstoshow cardinalheadings(N,E,S,W)andnumberstoshow each30degreesofdirectionbetweenthecardinal headings.Thefirstandlastzeroofeachheading numberisomitted;i.e.,aheadingof03CPisshownas 3.Betweenthesenumbersthecardisgraduatedfor each5°.

Thefloatassembly,consistingofthemagnetized needlesandcompasscard,ismountedonapivot supportedonapedestalandsealedinachamber filledwithacid-freewhitekerosene,ornaphtha compassfluid.Thisfluidservesseveralpurposes.It providesbuoyancytosupportpartofthecard's weight.Italsodecreasestheoscillationofthecard resultingfromturnsorturbulence.Inaddition,it provideslubricationatthepivotpoint.

WHATARESOMEOFTHECOMPASS CHARACTERISTICSTHATTHEPILOT

SHOULDUNDERSTAND?

1.Variation—Innavigation,coursesdrawnonaeronauticalchartsarebaseduponarelationofthat coursetothetruegeographicalnorthpole.The magneticcompassisorientedtomagneticnorth, whichisatadifferentlocationfromtruenorth.This angulardifferencebetweentrueandmagneticnorth isknownasvariation.

Linesofequalmagneticvariationarecalledisogoniclines,andareplottedindegreesofeastand westvariationonaeronauticalcharts.Alineconnectingzerodegreepointsofvariationiscalledtheagonic line.Theselinesarereplottedperiodicallyon aeronauticalchartstocorrectanychangewhichmay occurasaresultoftheshiftingofthepoles,orany changescausedbylocalmagneticdisturbances.The pilotshouldunderstandperfectly whichtoaddand whichtosubtract whenconvertingfromtrue headingsorcoursestomagneticheadingsorcourses andviceversaManypilotsfindsuchmemoryaids as"eastisleastandwestisbest"helpfulin rememberingthat eastissubtracted and westisadded whenconvertingfrom truetomagnetic.

Isogoniclinesconnectgeographical pointswithidenticalmagnetic variation.

IIDeviation—Thedeflectionofthecompassneedles fromapositionofmagneticnorthasaresultoflocal magneticdisturbancesintheaircraft.Toreducethis deviation,thecompasshasacompensatingdevice consistingofsmalladjustablemagnets.Thecompass deviationshouldbecheckedandcompensated periodically.Theerrorsremainingafter compensatingthecompassshouldberecordedona compasscorrectioncardwhichisinstalledinthe cockpitwithinviewofthepilot.NOTE:Avoid placingmetallicobjectssuchasmetalcomputers, flashlights,etc.,ontopoftheinstrumentpanelnear themagneticcompassasthispracticemayinduce largeamountsofdeviationandseriouslyaffectthe instrument'saccuracy.Deviationmaychangewhen differentcombinationsofelectricalequipmentare turnedon.

III.OscillationError—Theerraticswingingofthe compasscardwhichmaybetheresultofturbulence orroughpilottechnique.

tendencyofthecompass needlestopointdowntowardthemagneticnorth polebecauseoftheearth'scurvatureandis responsiblefor:

NortherlyTurnError—This erroristhemost pronouncedofthein-flightcompasserrors. It ismostapparentwhenturningtoorfrom headingsofnorthorsouth. AccelerationError—Thiserrorcanoccur duringairspeedchanges.Itismostapparent onheadingsofeastandwest.

Asaquickreviewofthediperrorofthecompass, weinviteyoutoaccompanyusonahypothetical demonstrationflightaroundthecompassrose. Unlessotherwisenoted,wewilllimitourbankduring turnstoagentlebank(15°).Also,wewillassume thatweareinthenorthernhemispherebecausethe characteristicswhichwewillobservewouldnotexist attheequator,andwouldbereversedinthesouthern hemisphere.

DEMONSTRATIONNo.1(HEADING—NORTH; ERROR—NORTHERLYTURNERROR).

Aswestartaturnineitherdirectionfromaheadingofnorth,wenoticethatmomentarilythecompass card givesanindicationofaturnoppositethedirectionoftheactualturn. Whilethecompasscardisina bankedattitude,theverticalcomponentofthe earth'smagneticfieldcausesthenorth-seekingend ofthecompasstodiptothelowsideoftheturn, rotatingthecardandgivingthepilotanerroneous turnindication.Aswecontinuetheturntowardeast orwest,thecompasscardwillbegintoindicateaturn inthecorrectdirection, butwilllagbehindtheactual turn— atadiminishingrate—untilwearewithina fewdegreesofeastorwest.Anadditional demonstrationonaheadingofnorthistheSlow TurnError.Withacompassindicationofnorth,we enteraverygradualshallowbankedturn(3or4 degreesofbank)andfinditispossibletochangethe actualheadingoftheaircraftby200 ormore while stillmaintainingacompassindicationofnorth.

speedbyincreasingthepowersettingorbylowering thenose—orboth.Althoughweareholdingthenose oftheaircraftstraightahead,ourcompasscard erroneouslyindicatesaturntoward north. Onthe otherhand,aswe decrease theairspeedbyreducing thepowersettingorraisingthenoseofthe aircraft—orboth,thecompasswillgiveanerroneous indicationofaturntoward south. Becauseofthe pendulous-typemounting,thesideofthecompass cardwhichthepilotseesistiltedupwardwhile accelerating,anddownwardwhiledecelerating duringchangesofairspeed.Thismomentary deflectionofthecompasscardfromthehorizontal, resultsinanerrorthatismostapparentonheadings ofeastandwest.(Seeillustrationatthetopofthe nextpage.)

DEMONSTRATIONNo.3(HEADING—SOUTH; ERROR—NORTHERLYTURNERROR).

Inthisdemonstration,weagainhavetheNortherly TurnErrorproblemthatweencounteredinDemonstrationNo.1.Althoughthesameforcesthatcaused theerroneousindicationwhenwebankedtheaircraft

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TURNINGERROR (NeedingNorth)

COMPASSCARDINNORMALANO BANKEDPOSITIONS

DEMONSTRATIONNo.2(HEADING—EAST; ERROR—ACCELERATION/DECELERATION ERROR).

TheNortherlyTurnErrorthatwepreviously demonstratedisnotapparentonaneastheading(or onawestheading).However,let'sseewhathappens whenweaccelerateanddeceleratebychangingthe air-speed.Withthewingslevel,we tncrease theair-

30sq.ft.ofdrawingandaI5,000-wordmanual providedesignsandinformationenablingone tocon‘ertanyV.W.engineuptoI600ces. Fullyapprovedforamateur-builtaircraft, theseplansareofferedwithlife-timefree adviceforonly£12.00postpaid.

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EFFECTSOFACaLERATIOWDECELERATIONERROR

rtwhere

GNETIC DIP

6

Canaanindicate, tumincorrect—

directionbutata\ fasterratethan iggtactuallybeing —fumed.

TURNINGERROR (HeadingSmith)

andagentlebanked(15°)turnisenteredthe compasswillindicateaturnintheproper directiontowardnorthorsouth.Note:Ifyour aircraftisequippedwithagyro-drivenheading indicator,checkitfrequentlywiththemagnetic compass.

NOTE:Sincethenorth-seekingendsofthecompass needlesarecontinuouslybeingattractedtomagnetic north,theneedlesandcompasscard–unless disturbed–maybeconsideredstationary.

Whentheairplaneisturnedtovariousheadings, theairplane,ineffect,revolvingaroundthe stationaryneedlesandcompasscard.Consequently, thepilotviewsthatportionofthecompasscardon whichtheairplane'sheadingappears–througha smallwindowinthecaseoftheinstrument.

TURNSTOHEADINGSBYREFERENCETO THEMAGNETICCOMPASS.

Forthepilotwhowouldlikeageneralsetofrules fordeterminingtheleadpointsformakingturnsby referencetothemagneticCompass,thefollowingis offered:

NOTE:theangleofbankshouldnotexceed15°in ordertominimizediperror.

Theamountofleadinrecoveringfromaturn varieswiththeindividualpilot'srateofrollout.Asa guidewesuggestusingaleadofone-halftheangleof bank.Forexample:witha15°angleofbank,start therollout7'4°(7°forwholenumbers)before reachingthedesiredheading.

whileonanorthheadingwillbeworkingagainstus onaheadingofsouth,thecompassindicationswill appearquitedifferent.Forexample,aswerollintoa turnineitherdirectionfromsouth,thecompassgives usanindicationofaturninthe correctdirection but ata muchfasterratethanisactuallybeingturned. As wecontinueourturntowardwestoreast,the compassindicationswillcontinuetoprecedethe actualturn–butatadiminishingrate–untilweare withinafewdegreesofwestoreast.Itshouldbe notedthattheAcceleration/DecelerationErrorisnot apparentonasouthheadingoronanorthheading. DEMONSTRATIONNo.4(HEADING—WEST; ERROR—ACCELERATION/DECELERATION ERROR).

Onaheadingofwestweencounterexactlythe sameerrorsthatwepreviouslycoveredonaheading ofeastinDemonstrationNo.2Aswe increasethe airspeed, wenoteanerroneousindicationofa turn towardnorth. Aswe decreasetheairspeed, wewill getanerroneousindicationofa turntowardsouth. A memoryaidthatmightassistyouinrecallingthis relationshipbetweenairspeedchangeanddirection oftheerroristheword"ANDS"—AccelerateNorth,Decelerate-South.

WHATARETHEMAINPOINTSTHAT SHOULDBEREMEMBEREDCONCERNING THESEDEMONSTRATIONS?

Thepointswearetryingtoemphasizeare: Whenreadingthemagneticcompasswhileona northerlyorsoutherlyheading(forestablishingacourse,settingthegyro-drivenheading indicator,etc.),REMEMBERthatitis essentialtohavethewingsperfectlylevelfor severalsecondspriortoreadingthecompass.

Whenonaneasterlyorwesterlyheading,itis importantthattheairspeedisconstantinorder togetanaccuratereading.

Whenonanintermediateheading,bothofthe aboveconditionsshouldbemet.

Therearenoacceleration/decelerationerrors whilechangingairspeedonnorthorsouth headings.

Whenanaircraftisonaneastorwestheading

I.Whenyouturntoaheadingof north, thenumber ofdegreesofleadnecessaryisequaltothelatitude plusthenumberofdegreesrequiredforthe rollout. Example, Duringaleftturntoaheading ofnorth,usinga15°angleofbank,ataTASof lessthan220knots,inalocalitywherethelatitude is30°N,youshouldstarttherolloutwhenthe magneticcompassreads037°(30°plusone-half of15°).Inarightturntoaheadingofnorthyou shouldstarttherolloutwhenthecompassreads 323°.

2Toturntoaheadingof south, turnpastsouththe numberofdegreesequaltothelatitude,minusthe numberofdegreesrequiredfortherollout Example: Whenyouturntotherighttoaheading ofsouth,starttherolloutwhenthemagnetic compassreads203°(180°plus30°minus7°).Ina leftturntoaheadingofsouthstarttherollout whenthecompassreads157°.

3Inaturn fromnorth toeastorwest,themagnetic compassinitiallyshowsalag.Astheheading approachestheeastorwestheading,themagnetic compassstartstoturnfasterthantheaircraftis turning.Forthisreason,youMust starttherollout whenthemagneticcompassindicatesapproximately10°aheadof090°or270°. Example: start therolloutatapproximately080°whenturningto east;startat280°whenturningtowest.

4Inaturn fromsouth toeastorwest,themagnetic compassinitiallyshowsalead.Astheheading approacheseastorwest,therateofrotationofthe compasscarddecreasesandyoumuststartthe rolloutonly5°aheadof090°or270°.

5.Forintermediateheadingsthatliebetweenthe cardinalheadings,useanapproximationbasedon theheading'sproximitytonorthorsouth,the directionoftheturn,andyourknowledgeofthe compass'leadandlagcharacteristicsinthese areas.Inotherwords,usean"Educatedguesstimate."

Wewon'tguaranteethattheabovemethodswill rollyououtontheexactheadingeverytime.Atbest, theseareapproximatemethods.Butitwillgetyou reasonablyclosetothedesiredheading,andthisis betterthanhavingnomethodatall.

NorthernHemisphere

COMPASSCAROINNORMALAND BANKEDPOSITIONS

Finals,

POPULARFLYING—GIROACCOUNT

ForPostOfficeGiroAccountholdersthePFA nowhasaGirobankAccountNo275-1259National Girotransfersmaynowbeusedforpaymentof membershipsubscriptionsandfortheorderingof stockitems.

BeforedespatchingtheTransferFormtoGiro pleaseensurethatyourmembershipnumber,orif orderingstock,theitemsrequiredareclearlywritten onthe"MessagetoPayee"spaceonthereverseside ofthetransferform.Ifpreferredthetransferforms maybesentdirecttothePFAOfficeforquicker registrationanddespatchoforders.

Willthosememberswhowishtopaytheir membershipsubscriptionbyNationalGirobank standingorder,pleasesendthecompletedstanding orderformTOTHEPFAOFFICEforchecking detailsandregistrationbeforeitispassedtothe bank.

-1-

UNDERPAIDBANKER'SORDER SUBSCRIPTIONS

Atthe1979AnnualGeneralMeetingatLeicester theTreasurerannouncedadecisionmadebythe ExecutiveCommitteeconcerningunderpaid subscriptions.Theannouncementisreproduced belowforthebenefitofmemberswhocouldnot attendtheAnnualGeneralMeeting.

FlyTo DUXFORD

Visitorsbyairarewelcometothe CollectionsattheImperialWar Museum,DuxfordAirfield,near Cambridge.

Over60aircraftonview,including Concorde01.Alsotanks,artillery pieces,navalexhibits.Displayedinthe historicsurroundingsoftheformer BattleofBritainstation.

Lightrefreshmentsavailable.Ample picnicspace.Moderatelandingfees includeadmissiontothecollections.

Opentovisitorsbyair(P.P.R.)11 a.m.-5p.m.WednesdaystoSundays inclusiveuntil4thNovember.For permissiontoflyinandfurther informationringCambridge(0223) 833963.

Manymembersarestillpaying£7.50andeven £5.50,duetothefactthattheyhavenotbotheredto updatetheirBankersOrderinspiteofcontinual reminders.Itisjustnotfairthatthefullypaidup membersshouldsubsidiseothermembers.Infuture underpaidsubscriptionswillnotberenewed, magazineswillnotbesent,PermitstoFlywillnotbe reneweduntilfullpaymentismade.Suchunderpaid subscriptionswillberegardedasdonationstothe Association,unlessthesubscriptionbalanceispaid oraspecificrequestforarefundmade.

Similarly,anumberofmembersarepayingby chequeandBankersOrder.Willthesemembers decidewhichwaytheywanttopayandmaketheir arrangementsaccordingly.Thetaskofmaking automaticrefundistimeconsumingandcostly.After theendoftheyearweshallnotautomaticallymake suchrefunds.

Forinformationthecurrentmembership subscriptionis£10.00fortheUnitedKingdomand overseasmembersand£6.00forjuniorandsenior citizensmembers,inclusiveofV.A.T.The subscriptioniscurrently50zeroratedforV.A.T. purposessothattheV.A.T.rateof15isonly applicabletohalfthesubscription.TheV.A.T.rate increasefrom8070to15isnotbeingpassedonto membersatthisstage.

VPSquadron News

AftermanyyearsnowofnonactivityonmyVPI,I havecometorealisethatwithmychosenprofessionI ammostunlikelytoevercompletetheproject.Afew weeksbeforeLeicesterImadethedecisionto abandonit.

As1amnolongerbuildingaVP,Icanhardlyrun theVPSquadron,thereforeIaminvitingaVP Buildertocomeforwardandvolunteertotakeover theSquadron.

AlthoughIhavesoldmostofmyproject,atthe timeofwritingIdohaveafewitemsforsale.

JohnDunford 2,CamdenAvenue,

Machining

Problems?

AsatimeservedTool-MakerandaP.F.A.member,lcanoffer acomprehensiverangeofservicesatacost35-45%lowerthan mostmachineshopsMybusinessisasparetime,lowoverheadventure,andisawaytofinancemyownTaylorMono Project.

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POPULARFLYINGispublishedin Januaryandthereafterinalternate months.Alladvertisementstobesent to:AdvertisementManager,Popular FlyingAssociation,TerminalBuilding, ShorehamAirport,Shoreham-by-Sea, Sussex.

Semi-displaypercolumninchf5.00. Lineage(minimumthreelines)perline 50p.Discounts:seriesofthree5%. Seriesofsix10%.Agencies10%.

FREE !MembersarenowentitledtoFourFree Adverts.peryear,subjecttobeingofnon-businessnature andtospacebeingavailable. QuoteMembershipNo.

Fut£1•50wewillincludeaphoto ofAeroplanesforSale.

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Members'attentionisparticularly drawntobuiltandpartly-builtAircraft. They shouldsatisfythemselves thatthemachinehasbeenclearedto P.F.A.standardsiftheysubsequently intendtooperateitthrough'the P.F.A.Airworthinessfacilities_

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WANTED. TaylorMonoplaneor Turbulent,completeorpartbuilt.Cashor willexchangeforLutonMinorwithnewC. ofA.RingRobertColeonPlymouth 262459(Evenings).

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SERVICABLEAIRCRAFTinstruments, nonreleased. Allsorts.BrianMills.022026 2951.

FORSALE.STOLStolp"Starlet" single seatparasol,100mph,130ft/minwithfull yearpermittorun.Offersaround.0500as isor12000engineless(HasC90but designedforVolksupto0-235).Telephone (0909)6692evenings.

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TURBULENTPARTS. Ribsailerons, tailplanes,jigsetc.Enquiriesandcallers welcomed,S.Evans,CastleWater Aviation,RyeHarbourRoad,Rye,Sussex. (1/F)

WANTED forYouthClubprojectaVP.2 projectinanystateofcompletion. Volkswagen1600engineconvertedor unconvertedandinstrumentsforVP2. PleasesenddetailstoDavidBuchan,II ParkCircus,GlasgoworTelephone:041 3325797.

GYROGLIDER, 2seaterdualcontrol, fittedcockpit,metalrotars,trailer,£900 o.n.o.C.S.Dale,3BaywoodClose, Birchwood,Lincoln.

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TYPE 4 V.W.ENGINECONVERSION1700-2400ee(60-80HPI. In responsetomanyrequestsdetailsof theprototypeenginearenowavailablepriortotestflying.Some modificationsmayberequiredafter testandthedrawingsaresoldonthis understanding.Flightapprovalfor engineswillbegivenonanindividual basis.

Fordrawingsandinstructions pleasesend£8toDonPeacock, ParadiseCottage,Kempsford,Glos. (Tel:Kempsford246).

thepopularsingleplace.lowwing,all woodmodel.30to60h.)).100m.p.h., with1300VWengine.Span21.length15. Brochure,70p,Plansf16,Construction photosC.S.A.E.withenquiriesplease. Mrs.J.Taylor,25ChesterfieldCrescent. eighonSea.Essex.

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EVANSVP-I

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FOR SALEExRAFAircraftradio TR11431,believedWW2era,4channel crystalcontrolled120-124MHz. Transmitter/receiver/amplifierincase. Requirescontrolpanel,crystalsand powersupplies.£15.AlistairJones, Shrewsbury64187.

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FORSALEOREXCHANGE

V.W.700cc,I1000miles_VW1200 Aircraftenginewithpropifrequired.Two spitfirelailwheels.GipsyMothprop.Pair ultralightwheels,tyres.PhoneLincoln 721884.

WANTEDBakelitedistributorcoverforan RB.Twinmagneto.TypeJ/4.Colin WatsonTel:Holywood(02317)4965

CONSTRUCTORSIhaveafewitems surplustoproject.Shackles,type690C. 60peach12ppostperpair.Turnbuckles, type491.steelbarrels.marked10owt. El25peachplus12ppostperpair. Turnbuckles.type492.brassbarrels, marked15-20cwt.£200eachplus12p post.Siatedoubleeyeoreve&forkends. Evans.CroydonHouseRodhuish, Mehead,Somerset.Tel:Washford317.

TAVLORCRAFTPLUS`D'G-A1XA. Excellentvintage2seater,4eallperhr P.F.A.Permit.Radio(rented)Gooc engine,variousspares,Genuineenquirie. andofferstoPeterAnderson.ISyke Lane,Baklerton,Newark,NottsTel 705851Day73751Evenings.

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WANTED. Pairofnewslickmagnetos (forV.W.Conversion)J.Wright.Tel: Southport65514.

WANTEDPEAtypeaircraftpartbuiltor anaircraftinneedofrepair.Anything considered.AlsorequiredsetofStdpistons foranR.R.0-2(X)ATel:JohnScott0253884698(Blackpool)

FORSALEorexchange.Completesetof unusedVP.2plansandInformation Brochure.£20o.n.o.orexchangefor unusedsetofTaylorMono,Plans.A.J. Parsfield,65ThackerayRodd,Larkfield, Kent.TelWcstMalling844395.

FORSALEJodelD.II7G-AYKJ,Narco 360NcwCofAT.T.I200hours.For furtherdetailsringG.D.M.Wynne, Buckley542249.

WASSMERJODELD120beautiful conditionthroughoutcarefullymaintained andcaredfor.Hangaredsincenew.For detailsphoneHiston(Cambs)3330.

VP2advancedstageofcompletion1834 engineready,forconversionlackoftime forcessaleTel:Hislon(Cambs)3330.

VWI600engineminusmags.carsand exhaustotherwiseasnew,convertedand readytoFit.Tel:Hision(Cambs)3330

90CHANNELRADIOexmodelworkswell offers?Tel:Histon((Lambs)3330.

WANTEDforKingKX160.Portionof wiringloom.R.Hall,67DollisHillAve., London,N.W.2.

FORSALELutonMinorG-AWIPplus A.65continentalbothinneedofsomework toregainflyingcondition.£1,000.Tel: Forres73813orNarborough337846,

FORSALE.PartbuiltTurbulent Comprising,fuselage.ailerons,rudder, tailplane,andelevator,plusplansand releasenotes.Couldalsoinclude2SR4 magsandVWI600.Fulldelailsfrom A14AV.Scarboro,4FieldLane,Friskney viaBoston,Lines,Tel:Friskney416

FORSALLJodelD.I17,Narco360 radio.PermituntilMay1980,TotalTime 1200hrs.Tintedscreen,Spats,Full Harness,Asuperbaeroplane.OfferstoG. WynneTel:044542249Day,082423064 Evenings/Weekends.

WANTED.PFAtype2seateraircraft, ideallyPielEmeraudebutanything considered.TelC.J.Francis,Swansea 25678Ext.695Daytimeonly.

WANTED.Ultralightaircraftingood flyingcondition.Anytypeconsidered. Cashwaiting.Alsoanyoneinterestedin formingatwoorthreesharesgrouparound theHertfordshirearea.PleasephoneSt. Albans31359orwriteto25Slimmons Drive,St.Albans,Herts.

RADIO Edo-AirePRT55I360portable withspeaker,battery,charger,mike, headsetsocketsetc.andtechnicalmanual, stillunderguarantee.First£495secures. DaveDulborough,Tel:Crawley(0293) 883510.

FORSALE. DeHavilandGipsyQueen EngineTel:Coventry466405.

FORSALE. Jodel1050,Continental200A engine.360Radio.GeneralpurposeCofA untilJan1980.NewProp.Newbattery. Newharness.3100o.n.o.Tel:073367011 evenings.

FOR SALENarcoI2ANav/Comwith VORindicatorandpowerpackallin workingorder,price£275o.n.o.Tel:0624851-697evenings.

WANTEDVertexScintillamatmetofor V.W.engine.Phone022-020-478stating condilionandprice.

LEARA.D.F.completewithloops, harnessetc.inworkingorder.Verylow pricetoagoodhome.Variousradiostall crystalsavailableTel:Dr.I.Macpherson Daley3773.

PFARALLYLEICESTER.

IthinkIswappeda35mmKodakcolour printMm-ASA400cassettewhilsttaking photographsofSaturday7thJulyfromthe airfieldcontrollower.Subsequent deselopmentofoneofmyfilmsshowsair showactivily-hutitain'tmine!Minehas lotsofpixofthe Verwee andparked aircraft,plusairtrafficofficerat work-Anyonewhohasmypitplease contactPatHolmes,17Mt.Pleasant, Arundel.Tel:0903882716,whenaswap andrewardcanbearranged.

PROJECTfurSaleVPIFuselage95% completerudderandelevatorfinished readyforcovering,wingribscmout,other pointsforwingsreadyforassembly. Undercarriagewithwheelsbrakes etc. readyforfinalassembly1600ccV.W. ConvertedtoPeacocksCompletewith2 SR4.Instruments,Hardwarekit11400.I. DaMels.Tel:HerneBay64685.

FORSALE.VW1500/1600ccconversion partspropellerboss,ducalfrontplateand mountingboltC50.2offmagdrive sprocketsandIoffcrankshaftsprocket withmountingbolt.155/set.Engineupper mountingspacersandlowermounting studs.112/selDuraldriveplatecomplete withmagnetomountingandadjustment plates(suitlucasmags)£25/set.VW12()Occ enginecompletewithcart)andinduction manifoldcrankshahregioundand new bearingsritted.Thisenginehasbeen installedinanaircraftbutdoesnothatelog book.Tel:Sunderland284731eveningsor Petcrlee864611officehour).Mr.Young Cam.227.

FORSALE.M5Continentalenginewith exhaustsystemand68"dia.Alloy McCauleyProp.D.Harker29Farndale Road,Nunthorpc,Cleveland.TS7OH).

FORSALERadioAerialandLead,suit Narcoorsimilar.PAE.Headsetwith boommicrophoneP.11.CompassTel:C. Gladish.Harrogate502495.

WANTEDbyPFAGroup313.Wingsand undercarriageforaJodel120.Cancollect anywhereintheU.K.Tel:G.Robinson, Crewe68523

CONSTRUCTIONANDREPAIR of woodenAeroplanes;Fabricwork; Metalfittings;Enginerebuildsand conversions.PhoneTimCoxon0454 778111withyourproblem.

WESTERNLIGHTAEROPLANE WORKSHOP

19,CHURCHROAD, WINTERBOURNEDOWN BRISTOLBSI7 1BX

SpecialRolls-Royceengi.neprices forPFAmembers.

Areyouahomebuilder andamemberofthePFA?

Ifso,youprobablyqualifyforthisnew schemewhichoffersyouRolls-Royce enginesatpricescomparabletothosegiven toprincipalaircraftmanufacturers.Theengine typesarelistedbelow

0-200-A@E2600nett

0-240-A@£2900nett

0-240-E©C2850nett

Allpricesareex-worksCrewe,inclusiveofimport dutybutsubjecttoUKVAT

Howtheschemeworks

Asaleadingmanufactureroflightaircraftengines andsupporterofthegrowthofthisbranchofUK aviation,Rolls-RoyceMotorswillsupplyenginesto thePFA.

ThePFAwilladministertheschemeand memberswillbeabletopurchaseengines throughthePFA.

Howtoqualify

1.Applicantshallbe Fullypaidupmemberof goodstanding.

2.Theapplicantshallsignan undertakingthattheengineisfor hisownuseandshallnotbere-soldfor commercialgain.3.Purchaseshouldbemadeon acashwithorderbasis4Theengineshallbesold withfullRolls-RoyceMotorsWarranty

5.Detailsoftheregisteredowneroftheaircraftin whichtheengineistobefittedandalsofulldetailsof theaircraftaretobesubmittedwiththeapplication.

6 Alltransactionswillbebetweenmembersandthe associationandnotdirectwithRolls-RoyceMotors.

7ThedecisionofthePopularFlyingAssociationin acceptingorrefusinganapplicationshallbefinal.

8. Thepriceoftheengineshallbesubjecttochange withoutnotice.9Itisclearlyunderstoodthatall productsupportrequirementsaftertheinstallationof theenginemustbeobtainedfromthe Rolls-RoyceMotorsapproveddistributor networkandnotfromthePFA

MOTORS Specialist andLightAircraft EngineDivision

FulldetailsareavailablefromyourlocalStrut.