Volume 3 Issue 2
lMj
Cover Story
Childhood and its exploitation
April 2014
Our Team Chief Editor Asim Abdullah Sub Editors Vimlendu Govind Ballabh Pandey Nitin Narang Homa Afroz Nurullah Qamar Managing Editors Shahbaz Haider
Letter from the Editor Dear Readers Bowed by the weight of centuries he leans Upon his hoe and gazes on the ground, The emptiness of ages in his face, And on his back the burden of the world. Who made him dead to rapture and despair, A thing that grieves not and that never hopes. Stolid and stunned, a brother to the ox? Who loosened and let down this brutal jaw? Whose was the hand that slanted back this brow? Whose breath blew out the light within this brain? The Man with the Hoe -Edwin Markham This issue of the magazine largely discusses the wretched condition of human life. How the society, which has advanced in terms of science and technology, is still extracting human forces into contemptuous job. Reading it gives a contrast in mortals, subject on being rich and poor. How certain class of force is overburdened, without a grief, hoping to see a better future. But it all turns into despair. In 21st century when it is heard of ‘Manual Scavenger’ then it is degrading advanced technologies, that affirms to land on moon and mars and making breakthrough through galaxies and stars. A disgrace to the human race. Human labours are still engage in removal of waste/excreta of their rich similitude which is so vile and inhumane and must be abolished. Yet another problem the society faces is child labour. A bitter truth to accept but it so common to find child labour in the form domestic help, industries, rag pickers, tea-nukkads and other grievous forms are commercial work in shops and restaurants, begging, prostitution and pornography etc. We must take pledge to stop child labour and should take a strong stand against it. Children are being deprived of their childhood, thereby deprived of their basic education. They are extracted of their emotions and innocence at a very early age. Where the rich of their age are surrounded by advanced technologies, smart phones, tablets, notepads and pushing their soft fingers in gaming consoles; they are surrounded with hammers and chisel (perhaps trying to chisel their bright future out), adzes and trowel. “How blessed are we to be educated, to know how to read and write, Wealth might be the luxury, but a little deeper education is a far greater luxury.” The articles in this issue are really informatics and conveying. Happy Reading
Photos used in the magazine are for representational purpose only
Content 1. Childhood without the child - Devika Mittal 2. Child labour, Street Children and role of media in Human Rights - Shreya Raj 3. Child Labour- Shekhar Jain 4. Manual Scavangers- Manish Kumar 5. फं ी द लत सनेमा का उ सव - अतल ु आनंद 6. राहल क क वताएं - राहल ु ु ु यदका ु यदका 7. Rain Splash - Shraddha Madhwani 8. My Childhood - Shahid Hussain 9. Fun Zone
Your Voice
April
We thank you for your comments and suggestions, we would try to improve our magazine. We also want you to keep suggesting, Keep writing to us at info@samar.org.in or samar.themagazine@gmail.com
Congratulations SAMAR. I really liked this issue. The best part was nothing was edited and everything was put into magazine as it is. Really liked that writers/feedback pen wasn't trimmed down by editors instead it was just sharpened a bit. Shekhar Jain I was happy to see that the cover story was around section 377. The three articles touched on three different and important issues related to non-heteronormativity. I think all the articles had put forth some very important points. I would just like to add that I think that heterosexuals need to speak for non-heteronormativity (homosexuality is only one form of it) because in it lies the liberation of all. Drawing from Atul Anand's argument, patriarchy fears sexual diversity. It was patriarchy that had gendered the society, making separate rules for men and women. It dictated how men and women should behave. Sexual diversities or non-heteronormativity challenges this. There are some groups like the intersex who do not confine to either the male or the female. Then there are other sub-groups like homosexuals, transgenders, transvetites and others who also expose these constructed conspiracies. The message of LGBTI movement is simple: "I am what I think I am". Another article that I found interesting was the article on Hinglish as the new language. I was glad that this was appreciated and was taken in a positive light. In agreement with the author, I think hinglish or our (hindi speakers') personalisation of the language can also be seen as counter-hegemonic. Devika Mittal There were enough and good articles on the topic. There were also few articles on some other relevant issues. In some articles there are photos but many others were without any photographs, cartoons, etc. It would have been great if the topic/cover story of the next issue would have mentioned in the recent issue. Atul Anand
Cover Story
April
Childhood without the child Devika Mittal is pursuing her MPhil in Sociology from Delhi School of Economics. She is a core member of Mission Bhartiyam, a peace and social justice organisation. She can be reached at devikamittal31@gmail.com
As kids, we had a desire to speed up the
buddies, Dave and Aladdin. They would talk
growing up part and become adults.
about their vacations back in the villages
Adulthood meant an escape from the boring
and the “real” fun, as they used to put it.
homework, having a lot more freedom and
Every vacation, I was forced to engage in
the power to decide. Though, now as adults,
some 'fun' activity like dance, music or
we like to laugh on that silly desire. It was
playing casio. We all grew up being
silly but it was a very innocent one. We were
compared with a neighborhood kid or a
too innocent to understand what adulthood
cousin. This was our childhood. We were
would really mean. How that “freedom”
more 'privileged' than our previous
would mean very little in front of that ever-
generation but the next and the current
increasing tension. We realize it now but it
generation have a lot more, like cellphones
seems that parents these days don't.
before college, facebook accounts much
Recently, I came across an article in a TOI supplement, Education Plus, dated 12th January 2012, about preschoolers and little
before their teen years, the obsession with branded and fashionable clothes, in short, an over-exposure!
kids learning to cook, wash cars and doing
Now, I think that we were so much better off.
computers. I anyway never understood the
And I don't feel any kind of happiness as I
concept of pre-schooling as 14 years of
write this. I feel really sad that what they are
schooling is torturous enough for kids but
losing out on what happens to be what kids
this came as a major shock to me. I
are famous for i.e., innocence. Now, when I
wondered what has gone wrong with
think of my childhood, I review all the
parenting these days.
mistakes that I ever made. Some of them
I remember how our parents would talk about their 'golden' childhood and would totally discard our idea of 'fun' in childhood. My mother had a serious disapproval for Cartoon Network and my computer
were stupid and others, quite serious, yet I don't feel any remorse because I was innocent. I was not trained enough to see all aspects of things. I realized and learned from my mistakes only with time. I learned all that at the right age. I was ignorant,
immature and imperfect. It was only with
What are they playing at? The World is
time that I started shedding some of them. I
moving on very fast. There is an upsurge in
now feel that growing up is so beautiful. And
technology and one needs to be updated
as I realize this, I feel sad for these kids.
but not at the cost of destroying the beautiful
It's not their age to learn how to cook or how to wash a car. Why do they need to do that? Are they being expected to be independent? I see kids in reality shows trying to express emotions that they are not even supposed to understand and I have
child-like innocence. Why are we exposing them to a world for which they are not yet ready? Why are they taking away from their own kids what they cherish the most, the “golden” childhood? Why are the parents in such a hurry?
nothing but pity for them. Why are they
The schools consider this as a step to better
being expected to behave like adults? Most
'prepare' the students. They are 'preparing'
of the times, the judges don't seem to know
the students for what, this competitive
how to talk to kids. They end up
world? The world has definitely become
discouraging the kids. But, Why are kids
'meaner' day by day and the competition is a
supposed to be perfect today? They are
reality. But this does not mean that we end
expected to sing their throats out, dance till
up producing miniature adults, rather than
their legs give away and express emotions
kids. And all this is only worsening the
that are way ahead than their ages. So we
competition. The schools may claim
have a preteen TV actress playing the role
“innovative” methods to make learning “fun”
of a wife (not a child bride) on a popular TV
but actually, it is translating into a lot of
show. Is there a dearth of better actresses, I
“learning” for the kids, with these “extra-
wonder? What was the need for playing with
curricular” activities. The “Extra-curricular”
the psychological mind-set of the young
activities, which sometimes also include
actress?
personality development, a concept which
I see preschoolers having their ears pierced and I wonder the need. I remember having
again I fail to accept for kids. If immaturity is bad, so is over-maturity.
the ear piercing done when I was in third
Why can't we just let them be themselves
standard. I fail to understand why things are
and enjoy their innocent childhood, which
going so fast.
they will cherish later in their lives, when
I don't think one can blame the kids. The questions should be directed to their parents, their guardians and these schools.
they will ultimately struggle in this notorious, demonic world? Why cant we let kids be kids again?
Cover Story
April
Child labour, Street Children and role of media in Human Rights This article is written by Shreya Raj. She is pursuing law from Chanakya National Law University.
is the father of man”, for the development of
“I am the child All the world waits for my coming All the earth watches with interest to
the society as well as of the whole nation. A
see what I shall become. Civilization hangs in the balance For what I am, the world of tomorrow
quality education and protected from several
will be. I am the child You hold in your hand my destiny You determine, largely, whether I shall succeed or fail, Give me, I pray you, these things that
child, therefore, should be introduced to social evils. One of these evils is CHILD LABOUR. Child labour is a practice usually followed in developing and underdeveloped countries. India, unfortunately, is one of them. India is home to more than one billion
make for happiness. Train me, I beg you, that I may be a
people, of which 42% are children below the
blessing to the world.”
age of 18 years of age. In international
- M.G. Cole
comparisons of the status and condition of children, India continues to rank poorly on
United Nations secretary General Kofi
several key counts, mainly on education,
Annan quoted, "Child labour has serious
health and social security. The world's 10th
consequences that stays with the individual
largest economy ranks 127th on the Human
and with society for far longer than the years
Development Index. In the 1991 population
of childhood. Young workers not only face
census of India, the numbers indicated 11.28
dangerous working conditions. They face
million child labourers. That is the tragedy of
long-term physical, intellectual and
being a child in India!
emotional stress. They face an adulthood of unemployment and illiteracy.”
Children are more than a third of our population and all of them are our future.
A child is a person with an immature intellect
According to the 59th convention of
and imperfect discretion and thus unable to
International Labour Organisation, no child
comprehend the consequences of his own
below the age of fourteen years shall be
acts. William Wordsworth recognised the
employed to work in any factory or mine or
importance of the child when he said “a child
engaged in any other hazardous
employment but unfortunately, the real
morality of the society is shaken, after all
picture appears quite grim. Children are
they are the future, they decide the future.
forced into child labour primarily because of poor financial conditions of the family, ignorance about the benefits of education and due to the 'nimble finger theory' which means that children are better producers of certain products, and they agree to work at low wages. Child trafficking, working on the agricultural farmland, as domestic workers in factories and other hazardous areas, on the streets as beggars, in outdoor industry like brick kilns, mines, construction, as sex slaves, as workers in bars, restaurants, and tourist establishments, and as soldiers in over 30 areas of conflict worldwide, are some
Government promises and has even made it a fundamental right under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution that all the children between the age of 6 and 14 shall get free and compulsory education. But, how far is this being implemented, everybody knows the answer. If all the child rights indicators were to become a critical measure for Human Development Index, India would rank even worse, because of its low levels of achievement on accepted national goals for the survival, development and protection of its children.
forms of this evil practice which is
The International Labor Organization (ILO)
excessively abundant. Some of these little
estimates that approximately 186 million
hearts engaged in child labour are even less
children between the ages of 5 and 14 were
than 10 years of age.
engaged in child labor in the year 2000.
All human rights conventions require that their guarantees should apply to all persons, regardless of race, color, language, sex, religion, political opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Child labor violates this guarantee of equal protection for all. In no country, the child
Approximately 111 million of these children were working under hazardous conditions. The impact of child labor on children's physical and mental development has been well documented. Working children have higher rates of hospitalization than their nonworking counterparts.
labourers are the children of the rich and
Over the last decade, a blossoming of public
favored classes. It's the poor who are the
attention to child labor has fueled a renewed
unfortunate ones. Child labour is a burning
public international response, ranging from
problem because the children engaged in it
the passing of ILO Convention 182 on the
in the process degrade their health; they do
Worst Forms of Child Labor to the
not study and hence become ignorant
establishment of the International
citizens; and by working as sex slaves the
Programme on the Elimination of Child
Labor (IPEC). The role of private monitoring
exploitation and from performing any work
and shaming has an importance even
that is likely to be damaging to the child's
greater than it does in efforts to protect the
physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social
rights of adult workers. Private initiatives to
development”. There is an immediate need
protect workers' rights generally have also
to confront the deficiencies of legal, political,
been criticized because they lack the
and social structures that fail to protect
mandatory nature and coercive power of law.
children from exploitive labor. Renowned
This weakness, however, has less effective
scholar and political scientist Myron Weiner
s i g n i f i c a n c e t h a n i t w o u l d a p p e a r.
says: “India need not wait until the income
Participation in independent monitoring
levels of the poor have risen; population
programs such as Rug mark or the Fair
growth rates have slowed; employers have
Labor Association is voluntary, but these
need for a more skilled labor force, or
initiatives involve an element of coercion.
government has greater resources. Indeed,
They depend on independent monitoring of
such changes in the country's economic and
employer conduct and credible, accessible,
demographic conditions would not result in
public information, allowing consumers to
the voluntary end of child labor and in
make informed purchasing decisions. This
universal primary-school education. The
creates pressure on participating employer
experiences of other countries also suggest
companies to comply with the standards to
that it is within the power of the Indian
which they have agreed, including the
government to make education compulsory.
prohibition against child labor.
Otherwise, child labor will not end and
International human rights law does not
literacy will not become universal”.
prohibit children from ever engaging in any
The media plays a striking role in curbing this
kind of work. When activists speak of
practice and awaking the authorities from
abolishing child labor, they are talking about
their slumber. As a result of the awareness
protecting children from harm. A useful
spread by media, the Commission on
concept, based on the provisions of
Children took suo moto cognizance of a
international human rights treaties, is
report appearing in Nav Bharat Times of 3rd
embedded in the mission statement of the
July 1998 in which it was stated that two
Global March against Child Labor: “To
drunken police constables allegedly tortured
mobilize world-wide efforts to protect and
a young boy, working in a roadside Dhaba.
promote the rights of all children, especially
The news item further alleged that the two
the right to receive a free, meaningful
constables ordered him to fetch his mother
education and to be free from economic
to entertain them and when the boy refused,
they stripped him and branded him with a hot iron rod used for making "tandoori roti". Not
The UN Convention on the Rights of the
just this there have been several other cases
Child (CRC) sets the standards that should
of worse incidents of child labour and the
prevail for the protection of children. It
plight of street children is deplorable.
emphasizes in particular, the rights to life, survival and development of the child. CRC
“Death of 12 year old child worker,
makes it obligatory for the State to ensure
Naushad: Bangalore
the survival and development of the child to
Exploitation of child labourers in Tonk:
the maximum possible extent. This spirit
Rajasthan
prevails in the Directive Principles of the
Bonded child labour: Andhra Pradesh
Indian Constitution, e.g., Art. 39 (e) & (f), which require that the State should direct its
Kids slogged 12 hours a Day Paid @ Rs.
policy towards securing for children the
5/- a Week: Delhi
opportunities and facilities to develop in a
Exploitation of Children by the Great Roman Circus in Gonda District of Uttar Pradesh�.
healthy manner, in conditions of freedom and dignity, so that childhood is protected against exploitation and the tender age of children is not abused.
Don't such news headlines portray the pitiable condition of the darkness and filth prevailing in the society, doomed by greed and rapacity of the aristocrats? Children know laughter, they know tears Children know peace, they know chaos Children know acceptance, they know rejection Children know joy, they know pain Children know abundance, they know lack Children know health, they know illness Children know fulfillment, they know emptiness Children know hope, they know dismay Children know love, they know hatred What they don't know is WHY! -Namie Elisha
The Indian Constitution, in article 24, prohibits employment of children in factories and other hazardous enterprises and article 45 mandates that the State shall endeavor to provide free and compulsory education for children upto the age of 14 years of age. The efforts of the Commission seek to give expression to the spirit of article 32 of the CRC, the provisions of Constitution of India and judicial pronouncements of the Supreme Court. These provisions recognize that the child has a right against economic exploitation and the performing of any work that is likely to be hazardous or interfere with the child's education or be harmful to the child's health or development.
Campaigning is always the first step to a noble cause and aims at building awareness
Tagore: “where the mind is without fear, and the
among the masses. In a great country like
head is held high,
ours, the largest democracy of the world,
Into the heaven of freedom my father, let
campaign is the authentic way to social
my country awake”
change. The mass media can be an instrument for educators, educational institutions and Governmental and Non-
References:
to shape values, attitudes and perceptions of
A report, Ministry of women and child development, Government of India. International Labour Office, Every Child Counts: New Global Estimates on Child Labour 20 (April 2002), available at http:// www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/ipec/simpoc/others/globalest.pdf. World Health Organization, Children at Work: Special Health Risks 15, available at http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_756.pdf (1987). Other panelists were to examine these and other efforts of the International Labor Organization to combat child labour. Global March, The Mission, at http://www.globalmarch.org/about_the_ march/goals.php3. Myron Weiner, The Child and State in India: Child Labor and Education Policy in Comparative Perspective.
issues pertaining to human rights.
Articles & Books
Gabriel Mistral once said:
'today'”
1. Becker, H. (1963) Outsider; Studies in the sociology of deviance. New York: The Free Press. 2. Esland, G. and Salaman, G (1980) The Politics of Work and Occupation. Milton Keynes: Open University Press. 3. Firestone, S. (1974) The Dialectic of Sex. New York. Morrow 4. Hughes, E. C. (1964) Good People and dirty work. Illinois: The Free Press. 5. Human Rights Watch, (2002) Key findings of the global report on child soldiers 2001, Human Rights Watch, New York, 2002. 6. Human Rights Watch, (2004). Turning a Blind Eye: Hazardous Child Labor in El Salvador's Sugarcane Cultivation. London: Human Rights Watch, 7. Hyman R. (1971) Marxism and the Sociology of Trade Unionism. London: Pluto Press. 8. ILO, (International LabourOrganisation)(1996) Targeting the Intolerable. Geneva: ILO. 9. Zehra A. F.(2002)Analyzing Child Labour as a Human Rights Issue: Its Causes, Aggravating Policies, and Alternative Proposals. Human Rights Quarterly - Volume 24, Number 1, February 2002,
Yes, I shall not wait. I cannot answer him,
Internet Sources
Governmental Organizations for the dissemination of Human Rights related information. Information systems are increasingly becoming important in the dissemination of knowledge. Electronic media like Radio and TV have impact on young people, and, as such have the ability
“We are guilty of many errors and faults, but our worst crime is abandoning the children, neglecting the foundation of life. Many of the things we need can wait. The child cannot; right now is the time his bones are being formed, his blood is being made and his senses are being developed. To him, we cannot answer 'tomorrow'. His name is
'tomorrow'. I must speak for him today. Each and every letter of the above quote must inspire me to speak for him today - his name is 'today'!!” Summing up in the words of Rabindranath
1.http://www.hrw.org/legacy/backgrounder/crp/back0610.htm.
2.http://www.icftu.org:80/displaydocument.asp?Index=9912237 75&Language=EN. 3.http://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/ipec/simpoc/south africa/report/page3.htm. 4.http://www.ilo.org:80/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?C138 5.http://www.OneWorld.net. 6.http://www.nhrc.nic.in
Cover Story
April
The Child Labour This article has been written by Shekhar Jain who works as a patent analyst, you can reach him at jainshekhar36@gmail.com.
Something which we can see everywhere,
really variable Sometime children are forced
in our surrounding, in markets around us, in
to do such things by their parents and some
house hold. Starting from a child working on
are sold to mafias for making work and
a dhaba, or begging on streets, or working in
money for them. Sometime parents from
schools, colleges, canteen, or serving tea,
villages sent the kid to a relative to study but
or doing shoe making business outside
they are forced into work and sometime kids
school, colleges or hospitals etc. a child
are deliberately sent to work to support
labor can be found everywhere or most
family.
easily, on any busy red light, selling so many items.
Some days ago I attended a debate, about the literacy rate, and in that debate a guy just
Each mouth has different words so every
gave a point, during his speech, “in every
employer has some different reason for
cracker's factory kids works and in every
keeping an under age and immature labour.
road side dhaba kids works”… and
Some says they are cheap and easily
somehow he related this point with his
available and some says “he was sucking
debate. And then for encountering this point
himself in that small village. I brought him
a guy just asked, “Everyone knows child
and saved him. Some says he do not have
labor is crime in India and you are so sure
anything to eat at home atleast I am giving
about the child labour. So tell me why are
him something to eat. Most common reason
you not doing anything about this???Why
I have come across is, "he will not study sir.
are you not complaining about this to
Let him do his work". I came across such
anyone??? ”.Of course!!!! As expected!!!!!
replies and a lot more reason may appear if
HE WAS SILENT. He just gave no answer.
someone just explore the world and start
The point, here, is not about the debate.
questioning employers of a children ”*sick*
Point is: THAT GUY WAS CORRECT WITH
The reason child come into working are
HIS POINT.
This was something spoken on a stage and
judges discarded that question by saying
to discuss this problem just as a debate's
“you can't raise personal questions”. So
point of view will not serve the purpose. So
even when it is a stage' topic we can't ask for
let us come to this real world.
the reality.
In this real world this is not really hard to
But with that question other question also
accept that, on certain level, we all know that
appears. We all know about the child labor
child labour exist but the interjection is also
thing but why we are not doing anything
equally valid…….why ?Why we are not
about the issue. Why we are just behaving
doing anything about this issue?
like ostriches every time. Even, why not so
Or other side of the coin: Is this issue a matter of debate's point and or it is an affair
many NGOs are coming to take up this issue. Why , why and why ?
of GDs happening, as an interview round, in
Hard but true: Even this issue is also
some Bs school.
diminishing from the political circle and our
Pathetic but seems like this only. This issue just looks like a stage's 'topic'. About which don’t speak in the real world or hardly share over tea and snacks. Probably every newspaper in India, around Diwali time, writes about it: About the existence of children in cracker's factory.
dear politicians are not including this topic in their political gimmick of collecting votes. Is the matter has just this little importance? So let's rethink about the concern for a while and bring this cause as a prime issue on this world's frame and stand for this cause and do whatever best we can do.
Some publish their rotten hands, some
Least we can do is to ask the employer to
publish their smeared faces. But then
send the kid to school whenever we see a
everything is puffed off in the cracker's puff.
child labour. If we just stop behaving like
Coming back to the debate's interjection, the
ostriches then things may change.
April
Manual Scavengers This article has been written by Manish Kumar who is pursuing Masters in English from Indian Institute of Technology, Madras.
The phrase “Manual Scavengers� might be
working on this issue for last five years said,
new for some but it is a humiliating daily
we see people going into sewer lines, we
reality for several others in India. Manual
sympathise with them. He highlighted that
Scavenging refers to the removal of animal
contractors use liquor to attract people for
or human waste/excreta (night soil) using
this kind of work. They use liquor as a trump
brooms, tin plates and baskets from dry
card for recruitment. This is an exploitative,
latrines and carrying it to disposal grounds
class based and caste based system which
which always happen to be some distance
is sub-human. He asked a question, if any
away. Manual Scavengers and their
higher caste personis doing this job? Even
Rehabilitation Bill was presented in
when gloves are given, are they going to be
Parliament 2012 (not passed yet) with an
used by everyone? Dr. Sultan Ismail, a
intention to put a stop to this hazardous job.
scholar with significant research in this field,
The bill aims to make employing people for
disagreed that workers don't wear gloves.In
manual scavenging and cleaning of septic
his experience, gloves are not practical and
tanks and sewers, attract a hefty penalty.
prove insufficient. Surgical gloves get torn in
Recently Madras Institute of Development Studies (MIDS) and IIT Madras jointly conducted a seminar on Manual Scavenging in Department of Humanities and Social Sciences (DoHSS), IIT Madras. Many Professors, Researchers, Activists
five minutes and other gloves make your hand sweat so much that it is practically impossible to wear them and work. He then talked about how we ourselves are responsible for the continuation of this abominable practice of manual scavenging.
and Scholars participated in that seminar. A.
We have to create awareness among
Narayanan, a social activist who has been
people so that uncontrolled garbage,
sewage on street, open defecation etc. does
replace the present toilets to prevent
not happen. Manual scavengers are there
Manual Scavenging and diseases
because of this, and creating awareness is
spreading through them.
the first step to realizing our collective responsibility in causing such a degrading practice to exist in the first place. Dr. Ismail called for eco-friendly toilets where children can defecate without fear of being left behind closed doors as it happens in houses. He urged IIT and the IITians to come out with innovative technology model for toilets which the children can use without fear; where, even rain water harvesting can be utilized for cleaning purposes. He ended his talk with talking about some alternative and substitute toilets which can be used to
To conclude, Manual Scavenging should be prohibited - both legally and in practice because it is a clearly harmful and hazardous practice. Such regressive practices only hinder India in its march to becoming a global superpower. Through collective dialogue and action, we must initiate steps to remove this practice from our country and attempt to come up with new ideas and inventions to stop Manual Scavenging, related diseases and the caste based bias which operates against a class of people in the hiring of scavengers.
Identify the Personality
The answer to the previous month Identify the personality was Shahrukh Khan.
अ ल ै
फ म समी ा
फं ी : द लत सनेमा का उ सव यह लेख अतल ु आनंद के वारा लखा गया है जो फ़लहाल मु बई म मी डया और क चरल टडीज म MA कर रहे है ।
पछले
ह ते
अपनी
फं ी दे खने पर ऐसा लगता है जस ै े क सनेमा के
य त िजंदगी से समय
पद पर द लत सा ह य सजीव हो गया हो. 'फं ी'
नकाल 'फं ी' दे खने गया
महारा
के एक द लत समदाय 'कैकाडी' ु
वारा
था. चे बरू के एक सग ं ल
बोले जाने वाल बोल का श द है िजसका अथ
न थएटर 'अमर' म
को छआछत सअर होता है . फ़ म म सअर ू ू ु ू के
“ला ट डे - ला ट शो” दे खा. यहाँ चाल स
तीक के
े ाल कया गया है जहाँ प म इ तम
पए
सवण ने यह तय कर दया है क कस तरह के
टकट
जानवर और आदमी 'शु ' या 'अशु ' ह. फ़ म के
क
नदशक नागराज मंजले ु फं ी को अपने जीवन क
नग ं के दौरान थएटर म जो जोश भरा माहौल
कहानी बताते है . फं ी म ओम काश वा मी क का
??????
म बालकनी का मल जाता है . फं ी
था वह बस अनभव ह ु
कया जा सकता है . मेरा
“झठन” भी दखता है . फं ी उन सभी द लत क ू
एक दो त चे बरू के एक म ट ले स म इस
कहानी है िज ह जा त क वजह से सवण के
फ म को दे खने गया था. वहाँ क
टकट डढ़ े सौ
पए से कम क नह ं आती. साथ ह वहाँ का दशक
अ याचार सहने पड़े ह. फं ी इस कहानी को कहने म कह ं भी ज रत से
वग भी मु यतः अमीर-सवण का ह था जो फ म
होता और ना ह
के गंभीर
अ याचार
य के दौरान भी अपनी जा त क
समझ के अनसार ठहाके लगा कर हँसना नह ं ु भलता था| ू
यादा मेलो ाम टक नह ं
फ़ म म द लत पर होने वाले
के सनसनीखेज वीभ स
दखाने क ज रत पड़ी है |
य
को
फ़ म एक द लत लड़के जामवंत उफ़ ज या
उस यथाथ को दशाता है क इतनी लड़ाई और इतने
(सोमनाथ अवघड)े क कहानी है जो कशोरवय का
साल गजर जाने के बाद भी द लत क ि त थ म ु
है और अपनी क ा म पढ़ने वाल एक उ च जा त
कोई ख़ास बदलाव नह ं आया है . इस फ म का
क लड़क शालू (राजे वर खरात) से यार कर बठ ै ा
एक
है . ज या एक काल
म कभी भल ू नह ं सकता. ज या
च ड़या क तलाश म है जो
य मेरे लए ख़ास अह मयत रखता है िजसे कल ू जाने क
दलभ है और िजसके पीछे मा यता है क च ड़या ु
जगह गाँव के सवण के आदे श पर अपने प रवार
को जलाकर उसके राख को कसी पर भी छड़क
के साथ सअर पकड़ रहा होता है . तभी अचानक ू
दे ने से उसे मो हत कया जा सकता है . फ़ म 14 फरवर को महारा
कल ू म रा
-गाण बजना शु
हो जाता है . रा
-
म रल ज़ हई ु थी ले कन इस
गाण सनकर पहले ज या ि थर खड़ा हो जाता है ु
ेम-कहानी मान लेने क भल ू
और फर उसका परा ू प रवार. फ़ मकार ने यह
फ़ म को बस एक
नह ं करनी चा हए. यह फ़ म एक द लत के यार
य बहत ु ह
भावशाल बनाया है जो हमारे
के सामािजक यथाथ को दखाती है . फ़ म गहरे
भारतीय सनेमा के सबसे मह वपण ू
सामािजक-राजनी तक अथ रखती है . फ़ म म ऐसे
एक है . इस
बहत ु से
कैसे हमारा शासक वग रा
य ह जो बहत ु ह
प ृ ठभू म म दख रह
भावशाल ह. वह चाहे
कल ू क द वार पर बनी
कि पत रा
य म से
य के गहरे राजनी तक अथ है क य
तीक और एक
के स ांत के बल पर दे श के वं चत
अ बेडकर और सा व ीबाई फले ु क त वीर हो या
तबक को बेवकफ ू बनाकर रखे रहता है . फ़ म का
क ा म अं तम पंि त म बठ ै ने को मज़बरू द लत
लाइमे स शायद इस जंजीर को तोड़ता है . फं ी
ब चे. अपने घर क द वार पर 'शभ ु ववाह' लख
का लाइमे स बहत ु ह गैर-परं परागत लाइमे स
रहा ज या का प रवार हो या फर कल ू म डफल
है िजसका लोग अपने हसाब से अलग-अलग
बजा रहा ज या या फर वह
संभावनाएँ सोच सकते ह.
य जहाँ ज या का
फ़ म म नागराज
प रवार सअर उठाकर ले जाता रहता है और ू
मंजले ु का भी एक करदार है िजसका नाम चाण य
प ृ ठभू म म द वार पर द लत आ दोलन से जड़ ु े
है . फ़ म म उसे एक साइ कल क दकान चलाते ू
सभी अगआ ु नेताओं क त वीर होती ह. ये म टाज
हए ु दे खा जा सकता है जो ज या के
त सहानभ ु ूत
रखता है . चाण य को लोग बदमाश समझते है और
भी
योग
कया है . अभी तक मराठ
फ म
ज या का बाप भी उसे चाण य से दरू रहने को
नमाण म सवण का ह दबदबा रहा है . कछ ु लोग
कहता है . फ़ म म एक जगह गाँव के एक मेले म
यं य से कह रहे ह क फं ी और इसक भाषा ने
ज या नाचने क को शश करता है ता क वह शालू
मराठ फ म क 'शु ता' को 'अप व ' कर दया
पर अपना भाव जमा सके. इस दौरान जब सवण
है |
उससे ध कामु क कर उसे बाहर कर रहे होते है तब चाण य बेधड़क नाचते हए ु ु भीड़ म घसकर ज या को बचाता है . फ़ म म यह घटना लोग को भले ह छोट लगे ले कन दे श म मेल - योहार के
फ़ म म सोमनाथ स हत दसरे सभी करदार का ू अ भनय बहत ु ह
वभा वक रहा है . फ़ म म
ज या और उसका दो त परया अ भनय करते नह ं बि क अपनी रोजमरा क िजंदगी जीते दखते ह.
समय द लत का पीटना आम बात होती है |
फ म म सोमनाथ ने डफल बजायी है और उसे फं ी स चे अथ म एक नव-यथाथवाद
फ म है
जहाँ एक द लत फ़ मकार बना भ य-नकल सेट क मदद के असल लोकेशन पर फ़ म शट ू करता है . फ़ म म ज या के बाप का करदार कर रहे कशोर कदम को छोड़कर लगभग सभी करदार नए ह. सोमनाथ कोई मंझा हआ अ भनेता नह ं है ु बि क महारा
के एक गाँव का द लत लड़का है
जो अभी क ा 9 म पढ़ा रहा है वह ं उसके दो त परया का करदार कर रहा सरज पवार सातवीं ू क ा का छा
है . फ म अं ेजी सबटाइट स के
साथ रल ज़ हई ु है . फ म मराठ म है ले कन कई जगह द लत कैकाडी समदाय क मराठ बोल का ु
वाकई डफल
बजाना आता भी है . दरअसल
फ मकार क मलाक़ात सोमनाथ से भी तब ह हई ु ु थी जब वह अपने गाँव के एक काय म म डफल बजा रहा था. फं ी म कैमरा और साउं ड का काम भी बेहतर न रहा है . फ़ म दे खते व त लगेगा क आप वा तव म ज या के गाँव पहँु च गए है . नागराज मंजले ु ने इससे पहले एक शाट फ़ म ' प तु लया' बनायी थी िजसे कई परु कार मले थे. फं ी ने कम शयल सनेमा के दायरे म रहकर भी बेहतर न काम कया है . नागराज मंजले ु का कहना क जब तक अलग-अलग समदाय, खासकर ु वं चत समदाय के लोग को फ़ म इंड ु
म जगह
नह ं मलेगी तब तक हमारा सनेमा हमारे समाज
पटकथा लेखक से कछ ु समय पहले बात हई ु थी.
का सह मायने म
त न ध व नह ं कर पाएगा.
उनसे बात कर पता चला क फ़ मकार के तरफ़
म आए
के क थत
से दशरथ माँझी के च र को जानबझकर आ मक ू
योगधम फ म फं ी के आगे पानी भरते दखती
दखाए जाने और कहानी को मसालेदार बनाने क
पछले कछ साल ु
हद ं
को शश क जा रह है . 'ब डट
ह| पछले दन अपने एक प कार साथी से इस फ म ं पर बात हो रह थी. साथी का कहना था क हद सनेमा के जो क थत
योगधम
फ मकार ह
उनक फ़ म कभी इस ओर नह ं जा पाती ह और वे फ़ मकार सामंती भावना को त ृ त करने म ह लगे रहते ह. वाकई अगर दे खा जाए तो इन क थत योगधम
फ मकार
क
फ म
से द लत-
आ दवासी गायब होते ह और अगर कह ं होते भी ह तो उनका च ण मनमाने ढं ग से कया जाता है . इनक
फ़ म जा तवाद दं भ और सामंतवाद का
कपरू ने 'ब डट
या ह
वीन' का शख े र
कया था वह सबको पता है .
वीन' म बला कार के
य का इ तम े ाल
फ़ म को सनसनीखेज बनाने के लए कया गया था. फ़ म बनाने के बाद नदशक ने फलन दे वी ु को फ़ म दखा उनक रजामंद लेने क ज रत भी नह ं समझी. यह हाल भंवर दे वी पर बनी 'बवंडर' का भी हआ था. ये सवण फ़ मकार, ु द
ण भारत के एक डा यम ू
फ़ मकार के
हा लया फ म के शीषक को अपने लए स दे श समझ सकते ह - “ड ट बी आवर फादस”!
ज न मनाती है . गग-वार और अपराध कथाएँ ह
फं ी अब दे श के कछ ु मु य शहर म द शत होने
इनक सीमा है और वहाँ भी वे हॉल वड ु से चराए ु
वाल है . पीवीआर इस शु वार, 28 फरवर को इसे
गए फ़ॉमल े ाल करते ह| ू े ह इ तम
दे श के सात शहर
अभी दे श के एक दसरे ह से से आने वाले द लत ू दशरथ माँझी पर 'माउं टे नमन ै ' के नाम से एक फ़ म बनायी जा रह है . जा हर है क फ़ मकार एक सवण है . फ़ म क पटकथा को सधार रहे एक ु
द ल , कोलकाता, चे नई,
बंगलौर, इंदौर, अहमदाबाद और बड़ौदा म रल ज़ कर रहा है . फं ी द लत सनेमा का उ सव है ! फं ी स चे अथ म लोग का सनेमा है िजसक हमारे समय म बहत ु ज रत है ...
क वता
राहल क क वताएं ु ु यदका
अ ल ै
यह क वता राहल वारा लखी गयी है जो IIT मु बई म पढाई कर रहे है । ु ु यदका
क वता 1
वष
ेम कया तमसे पर, ु
क वता 2
होश हमने संभाला थे ज मे जभी,
आज वयं एकाक हँू म.
वो बेखद ु म जीना एक वाब रह गया
शि त नह क पीछे दे ख,ंू
फँू का है कोयले को, घ टा है आसओ ु ं को,
स मख ु ह भीषण अं धयारा.
वो मयकद म पीना एक वाब रह गया
भटक रहा म मारा‐मारा.
कछ ु म हम, ु इस कदर थे उलझ,े घर और दकां
आख ँ म नज अ ु लेकर,
िजनसे वमख ु हआ ु करता था, तरेे ेम क मदम ती म.
िजनको कल ठकरा आया था, ु संबंध क इक ब ती म.
आज क जब तम ु भी ठकराकर, ु मझ‐धारे म छोड़ गयी हो.
कैसे कह दं ू तनक से क , दे दो मझको तु ह सहारा. ु शाद ‐शहनाई क आशा, क जाती थी िजस वारे से. पर िजस चौखट बेवा रोए, उस चौखट क झांक हँू म. वष
ेम कया तमसे पर, ु
आज वयं एकाक हँू म.
क दो त वो कमीना एक वाब रह गया
ये दकान बनी मं दर, और घर बना शवाला, ु सो माँ का वो मद ना एक वाब रह गया
सो िजंदगी हमार कछ , ु ु इस तरह से गजर जो वाब था हमारा वो वाब रह गया
क वता 3
क वता 4
अभी शु वात है तकल फ अभी होती है
तु हारे लए एक दन न दे य घम ू लेना,
ज़ म ताज़ा है क तकल फ अभी होती है अगर म उठ के नहा लंू तो कह ं चन ै मले क तरे खशब ु ू से तकल फ अभी होती है
एक गर ब बु ढ़या का उ सा हत हो हाथ चम ू लेना, तु हारे जीवन का यादगार अनभव बन सकता है ! ु
तु हारे शोध का वषय या तु हारे गीत का दद बन सकता है !
तम ु इसे बाद म याद कर, एक उपलि ध मानकर,
ये तरे याद भी जायेगी तो जाते जाते क तरे याद से तकल फ अभी होती है
एक वजयी मु कान दे सकते हो! और.. फर एक बार...
दवा मल है , दाग मटगे ले कन
एक और दन के लए...
उ ह दे ख के तकल फ अभी होती है
उसी अप रव तत सड़क, उसी बु ढ़या क ओर लौटकर
कछ ु एक रोज़ म त हाई क आदत होगी क तरेे जाने क तकल फ अभी होती है
अपने “अनभव ” का दायरा बढ़ा सकते हो... ु
अपने संघष क सची ू म एक और संघष जोड़ सकते हो... अपनी “क पना क द ु नया” म, क िजसके तम ु भा य वधाता हो,
मेरे माल से प छे थे आसँू तने ू
उनक तकद र का ख मोड़ सकते हो! ले कन...तम ु पहले नह ं हो...
क उसे धोने म तकल फ अभी होती है
और ने भी इस सड़क, इस बु ढ़या से अनभव पाए ह... ु अपने
ान और संघष के आयाम बढ़ाए ह... इ तहास सा ी है !
और आने वाला व त भी दे खेगा... इस सड़क, इस बु ढ़या को
ान और अनभव का ोत ु
बनते हए! ु
य क यह तु हारा एक दन का खद अनभव, ु से सिजत ु ृ खद ु खड़ा कया गया संघष
उस सड़क और उस बु ढ़या के
त दन जीवन का कठोर
स य है ...
Poem
April
Rain Splash This poem has been written by Shraddha Madhwani. She is pursuing post - graduation.
I woke up this day as usual But aura around me seemed unusual Half opened eyes and I am all lazy Stretching my arms and things looked hazy. Look at the weather outside Rain has engulfed my sight.
My Childhood This poem has been written by Shahid Hussain, a private sector employee.
When I was child it was great fun, Without any worry, with sorrows none, It was really exciting, With no single fighting,
Scene outside looked like heaven And I feel myself on cloud seven Rain dancing down and I held one drop of it, Closed my eye and listened to its beat, Memories of past flashed through my sight, A tear rolled down like a flying kite…… Hair scathed all around my face, Lips trembling and I looked up in space, Suddenly a thunderstorm strikes and holds me tight, In his eyes, I saw black shining bright. “I love you”, I murmured. Before I could say anything he was murdered…. Nothing is permanent in life Best can turn into worse anytime Be happy for what you wished happened, Memories of what you will always reckon. For me that was the best and worst day I smile and cry remembering that rainy day.
It was filled with lots of loved ones and friends With love from all ends. It was my dad, who took so care, When he left me, I remember all times we shared. Now I feel that my childhood has faded away, I feel as if it was a dream, Don’t take my childhood I screamed. Hope I can be child again, Will not let any moment to drain. P.S – Be a Child to live life with extreme happiness
Fun Zone
April
Solve the Puzzle Mail your answers to info@samar.org.in or samar.themagazine@gmail.com answers and first five names with a correct solution will be published in the next edition.
Fun Zone
April
SU DO KU This is the solution to the Su Do Ku puzzle given in the month of February
Identify the Personality
The answer to the previous month Identify the personality on Fun Zone page was Late Farooque Shiekh.
lMj
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