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SSGA reserves the right to refuse advertising and edit manuscripts. Contents of Beef Business may be reproduced with written permission obtained from SSGA's General Manager, and with proper credit given to Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association. Articles submitted may not be the opinion of SSGA. SSGA assumes no responsibility for any actions or decisions taken by any reader from this publication based on any and all information provided.
Publications
Return undeliverable Canadian addresses (covers only) to:
Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association Box 4752, Evraz Place, Regina, SK S4P 3Y4
Lexi Macza
Kori Maki-Adair
Olena Mudriievska
Jason Pollock
Heather Sehn
Leanne Thompson
Garth Woods
Jeff Yorga
2023 Interprovincial and International Cattle Marketing
Terry Bedard
Saskatchewan is home to Canada’s second-largest beef cattle herd.
But once we’ve raised them, where are they marketed and what is required?
All livestock movement requires a manifest. Livestock that moves from Saskatchewan to another province or country requires a permit from Livestock Services of Saskatchewan. Cattle can leave the province without a permit, and with only a manifest, if they are headed directly to a location in Alberta or Manitoba that has livestock inspection— such as an auction market or feedlot.
In terms of movement within Canada in 2023, by far the largest portion of cattle leaving the province went to our western neighbours in Alberta, followed by Ontario and Manitoba, with significantlyfewer animals bound for British Columbia, Quebec, and the Atlantic Provinces.
In 2023, the cattle shipped to Atlantic Canada were breeding stock (i.e., bulls, heifers, and cows). Movements are often in the single digits there; but, as the table shows, a much larger quantity of breeding stock moved east in 2021.
Three head of breeding stock were exported outside of North America in 2023, the same number as in 2022. In
both years, the animals were transported in the second quarter of the year.
British Columbia
Close to one-quarter of the cattle that moved to British Columbia in 2023 were feeder heifers and 22 per cent were breeding stock. In 2022, 39 per cent of the cattle were feeder heifers and 34 per cent were breeding stock. Fifty-six per cent of the animals were moved in the last quarter of 2023, compared with 60 per cent in the last quarter of 2022.
Quebec
Of the animals that moved to Quebec in 2023, 95 per cent were feeder steers, compared with 37 per cent feeder steers and 52 per cent feeder heifers in 2022. Eighty per cent of the animals were moved in the last quarter of 2023, compared with 32 per cent in the last quarter of 2022.
Alberta
Alberta is Saskatchewan’s main interprovincial livestock destination, accounting for an average of over 70 per cent of the animals moving out of Saskatchewan.
Three-quarters (75.5 per cent) of the animals permitted to move out of province travelled to Alberta in 2023, up from 72.7 per cent in 2022.
In 2023, 16.8 per cent of the animals that moved to Alberta were heifers greater than 700 pounds, followed by steers greater than 800 pounds (12.9 per cent), and slaughter steers (11.8 per cent).
Things were a bit different in 2022; while heifers greater than 700 pounds were still the top category at 15 per cent, heifers 500 to 700 pounds were the second at 11 per cent, and steers greater than 800 pounds at 12 per cent. With an improvement in pasture conditions in some areas, more heifers may have been kept for breeding.
Most cattle move to Alberta in the fall. In 2023, 36.7 per cent of the cattle were moved to that province in the October to December time frame, compared with 47 per cent the year prior. The third quarter of 2023 saw 24.7 per cent move to Alberta.
Manitoba
Manitoba was the third most popular inter-provincial destination in 2023, taking
Total Cattle Movement from Saskatchewan
Terry Bedard Research Economist, Economics and Analytics Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture
7.5 per cent of Saskatchewan’s animals, compared with 6.2 per cent in 2022 when it ranked fourth.
In 2023, 33.4 per cent of the animals that moved to Manitoba were steers less than 600 pounds, followed by steers 600 to 800 pounds (24.7 per cent) and heifers less than 500 pounds (10.1 per cent). In 2022, the first and second categories were the same as 2023, but heifers 500 to 700 pounds made up the third category.
Almost 60 per cent of the cattle that moved to Manitoba were transported in the October to December 2023 time frame.
Ontario
Ontario was the second most popular inter-provincial destination for 2023, moving up from third in 2022 with 8.6 per cent of cattle permitted.
In 2023, 29.7 per cent of the cattle that moved to Ontario were steers less than 600 pounds; followed by steers 600 to 800 pounds at 29.3 per cent of the total; and steers over 800 pounds, also at 29.3 per cent of the total. The top two categories in 2022 were switched in 2022, with 38 per cent and 24 per cent, respectively.
Almost half of the cattle destined for
Ontario were moved in the fourth quarter of 2023, followed by almost 25 per cent of the cattle in the first quarter.
United States
Just over eight per cent of permitted cattle went south in 2023, compared with 12 per cent in 2022.
In 2023, 32.4 per cent of the cattle that moved south to United States were slaughter cows, followed by heifers greater than 700 pounds at 29.3 per cent, and slaughter bulls at 21.8 per cent of the total. While the top-two categories were the same in 2022, the percentages were less at 29 and 25, respectively.
In 2023, the two busiest quarters of Saskatchewan cattle travelling to United States were the third quarter (35.6 per cent) and fourth quarter (33.5 per cent), the same as in 2022.
Livestock Services of Saskatchewan plays an important role in animal identification by providing livestock inspection services, administering brand registration, and livestock dealer licensing.
Thank you to the staff and brand inspectors for the excellent job they do, and for providing these statistics. B
Congratulations on your retirement and all the incredible years of work you put into getting there, Terry Bedard!
Your work truly produced an everlasting impact, and one that has changed Saskatchewan agriculture for the better.
Honouring your many years of service and celebrating the legacy of hard work and commitment you leave behind.
- Beef Business Magazine
For more than 50 years, Pneu-Dart has offered the best remote injection equipment for your drug delivery needs.
Our Remote Drug Delivery (RDD) systems are designed to capture or medicate while minimizing stress on animals. Whether you're treating freerange cattle, sedating cervid livestock, or assisting in the translocation of wild animals, Pneu-Dart manufactures the products to handle every target situation.
Status of the Bovine TB Investigation
Background
On February 23, 2023, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) notified Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) that a heifer exported from Saskatchewan to a feedlot in Nebraska in September 2022, had tested positive for bovine tuberculosis (TB) at slaughter.
CFIA utilized animal movement records to determine:
• The heifer’s herd of origin was placed under quarantine until testing could be completed.
• The heifer had not been on any other breeding premises in Canada
• The heifer spent five months in a Canadian feedlot before being exported.
• All of the Canadian feedlot contact animals were destined for slaughter.
In May 2023, CFIA tested all animals over the age of six months, and removed the reactor animals for slaughter and enhanced postmortem examination. Two initial positive cases in the herd were confirmed on June 19, 2023.
Investigation Status as of August 16, 2024
Infected Herd
• One infected herd has been humanely depopulated and all testing is complete.
• There were 32 confirmed positive cases of bovine TB in that herd in total.
• The bovine TB strain found in the infected herd is consistent with the
strain the USDA found in the infected heifer at the US feedlot; and it is not a close match to any strain previously reported in livestock or wildlife in North America.
Life Line Herds (i.e., herds traced from an infected animal in the infected herd)
• CFIA has released the single life line herd from quarantine. All testing of life line herds is complete.
Contact herds (i.e., herds that shared a fence line or may have co-mingled with the infected herd)
• CFIA has released the single contact herd from quarantine. All testing of contact herds is complete.
Trace-in Herds (i.e., herds that provided animals to the infected herd)
• CFIA has released the two trace-in herds from quarantine. All testing of trace-in herds is complete.
Trace-out Herds (i.e., herds that received animals from the infected herd)
• CFIA has completed herd-level testing on five trace-out herds and released them from quarantine.
• CFIA will retest one trace-out herd in the fall of 2024.
For trace-out animals found on nonterminal feedlots, an assessment of the disease risk status of other animals at the same premises will be completed, and live animal testing will be performed as needed.
Bovine TB is a reportable disease. Any suspect cases must be reported to Canadian Food Inspection Agency.
It is most commonly spread through:
• Contact with infected animals' respiratory secretions and aerosols, feces, milk, urine, vaginal secretions, or semen; and
• Ingestion of contaminated food and water.
Progressive signs of disease:
• Weakness,
• Loss of appetite,
• Weight-loss,
• Fluctuating fever,
• Intermittent cough, and/or
• Lesions in the lymph nodes of the head and thorax, lung, spleen and liver.
While all investigations and response situations are different, the steps involved in a bovine TB investigation or response normally include:
• quarantine
• investigation
• destruction and disposal
• cleaning and disinfection
• compensation
• confidentiality
This activity remains important to ensure prompt detection and eradication of the disease to prevent its establishment and spread.
If a trace-out animal is found in a It will be isolated It will be destroyed by slaughter It will undergo a post-mortem inspection
Terminal Feedlot where animals only go to slaughter
Non-terminal Feedlot where it may be in contact with breeding stock Yes
If required, tissues collected from animals at terminal and non-terminal feedlots will be sent for laboratory testing.
Yes, if the animal is mature enough; or it will be humanely destroyed.
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency
The goal of CFIA’s program is the early detection and complete eradication of bovine TB from livestock in Canada.
REFERENCE
Canadian Food Inspection Agency
• Industry Notice - Detection of bovine tuberculosis in Saskatchewan https://inspection.canada.ca/animalhealth/terrestrial-animals/diseases/ reportable/bovine-tuberculosis/ saskatchewan-2023/detection/ eng/1687969580006/1687969846737
• Status of the bovine tuberculosis investigation status as of August 16, 2024 https://inspection.canada.ca/en/animalhealth/terrestrial-animals/diseases/ reportable/bovine-tuberculosis/ saskatchewan-2023/investigation-status
• What to expect if your farm is part of the investigation for bovine tuberculosis https://inspection.canada.ca/animalhealth/terrestrial-animals/diseases/ reportable/bovine-tuberculosis/ farm-under-investigation/ eng/1449456995596/1449456996360
Necropsy
Histopathology
Surgical Pathology
Dermatopathology
Immunohistochemistry
Clinical Pathology
Endocrinology
Bacteriology/Mycology
PCR
Genomics
Parasitology
Serology
Virology
Immunology
Toxicology
Modernized Legislation Governing Livestock Production in SK
Dave Junk
On July 1, 2024, The Animal Production Act and The Animal Production Regulations came into force. These two pieces of legislation govern livestock production in Saskatchewan. This new Act consolidated four former Acts (i.e., The Animal Identification Act, The Animal Products Act, The Line Fence Act and The Stray Animals Act), and 10 sets of regulations, all into one simplified set.
The amalgamation of the Acts and their regulations was supported by the livestock sector and municipalities. The regulations were modernized using industry, municipal and service provider feedback.
The regulations will be familiar to producers and industry, but now have improved clarity and well-defined processes.
Items to note from the new legislation for the cattle industry include:
Livestock Inspection and Transportation (Manifests, Inspection Certificates)
Services related to livestock inspection and transportation (i.e., cattle, horses), will continue with Livestock Services of
Saskatchewan (LSS), and fees remain unchanged.
Effective January 1, 2025, livestock manifests will require origin and destination premises identification (PID) numbers and completion of a security interest declaration section to aid with financial transparency when buying and selling livestock.
Previously, livestock permits (i.e., for cattle, horses), were issued by LSS indicating the animal was inspected and provided proof of ownership when travelling outside the province (as an example). This permit is now called an inspection certificate, and the naming update provides clarity for its intended use.
Animal Identifiers (Brands)
The authority to carry out the duties related to animal identifiers (or brands) continues to remain with LSS. The registration of a lifetime brand has been removed to improve the ability to keep the brand registry accurate and current. This update will also ensure inactive brands are removed.
Four-year (individual) and 20-year
(corporation) terms remain and the fees to renew a brand are unchanged.
Premises Identification (PID) Numbers
The requirement and process of obtaining a premises identification number within 30 days after assuming ownership of animals remains. Clarity has been added that when a change of ownership occurs, a new PID number is required for intensive livestock operations within 30 days. If there are multiple operations in one location, only one number is required.
The regulations now clearly indicate that a holder of a PID number must notify the Ministry of Agriculture of any changes to their account information within 30 days.
Auction markets, veterinary clinics and abattoirs still require a PID number.
Stray Animals
Similar to the previous regulations, authority remains with municipalities to address stray animal situations (i.e., cattle, horses, bison and other farmed animals as specified); however, several updates have made it easier for municipalities to deal with strays in their area and recover
associated costs when dealing with strays.
Municipalities now can hire a service provider to deal with stray animals and have a simplified process to declare and deal with dangerous or valueless strays. A veterinarian is no longer required to
INDUSTRY NEWS
The fees that can be charged back to a stray animal’s owner have been adjusted, which improves the finder and municipality’s ability to recover costs associated with dealing with strays. Outstanding stray animal fees can now be added to the owner’s municipal
coverage for possible dealer payment defaults to producers.
Currently-licensed dealers with existing bonds in place can continue until they
Advanced Grazing Systems for Producers
Fire in Germany Halts Animal Nutrition Shipments
Though all injured employees are safe; cleaning, inspection and repair work at the BASF Nutrition & Health plant is underway; and the company has begun to share allocation volumes with its international customer base; the company has temporarily discontinued deliveries of selected vitamin E, vitamin A and carotenoid products as well as selected aroma ingredients until further notice after a fire broke out at one of its manufacturing plants in Ludwigshafen, Germany on July 29, 2024.
The animal nutrition manufacturer has been in close contact with its customers to share updates regarding the supply
capability of its affected products since likely resume in January 2025.
On March 31, 2024, Creighton conservation o cers received information regarding sh that had been abandoned on Deschambault Lake, located in Northeast Saskatchewan. The sh were partially buried under the complainant's ice shack located northeast of Williams Island. Conservation o cers discovered 12 whole walleye, 4 perch llets and 80 walleye llets. The sh are believed to be abandoned at the location between 9:00pm on March 30 and 8:00am on Mach 31, 2024.
Outstanding Researcher and Innovator Earns Prestigious Award
On August 21, Dr. Cheryl Waldner accepted the 2024 Canadian Beef Industry Award for Outstanding Research and Innovation presented by Dr. John Campbell and Dr. Leigh Rosengren at the 2024 Canadian Beef Industry Conference in Saskatoon.
If you are a beef producer, feedlot operator or veterinary professional reading Dr. Cheryl Walden's name for the first time, you may be more familiar with, and positively affected by, her research in the area of beef cattle health and the One Health concept which aims to balance and optimize the health of people, animals and ecosystems.
Before the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada appointed her as Beef Cattle Research Council Industrial Research Chair in One Health and Production Limiting Disease in 2020, Dr. Waldner earned a Doctorate in Veterinary Medicine from Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan in 1988 and a PhD in Epidemiology—Large Animal Clinical Sciences from University of Saskatchewan in 1999, and applied her knowledge, hands-on, as a cow-calf veterinarian in central Alberta.
Immediately after concluding her formal academic studies, Dr. Waldner began conducting critical trans-disciplinary research on a diverse array of One Health topics, including:
Kori Maki-Adair
• The impact of accidents in the energy sector on the productivity of beef cattle and how the latter is a measure of environmental health to the prevalence and risk factors for lethal parasites in Western Canadian cowcalf herds;
• The physical, psychological and chemical health hazards of veterinary medicine;
• The risk factors associated with the choice to drink bottled water and tap water in rural Saskatchewan;
• The effect of rider experience on sport horses under saddle;
• The association between area level deprivation (e.g., road maintenance, etc.) and vehicle collisions that result in injury in rural Saskatchewan; and
• The adoption of on-farm tech and management practices by cow/calf producers.
Type her name into a search engine and you will find yourself doubleblinking at the results, including more than 275 of Dr. Waldner’s peerreviewed studies that are published within scholar. google.ca/citations.
According to a biography posted by Western College of Veterinary Medicine in Saskatoon, Dr. Waldner is now teaching outbreak investigation, epidemiology and statistics to a very fortunate group of veterinary students and up and coming epidemiologists at
University of Saskatchewan.
The site also reports that Dr. Waldner is more than a scientist, teacher and mentor. She also owns and operates a small commercial cow-calf herd west of Saskatoon with her husband.
REFERENCES
University of Saskatchewan
Western College of Veterinary Medicine https://wcvm.usask.ca/departments/lacs/ lacs-people/cheryl-waldner.php
Google Scholar
Cheryl L. Waldner DVM PhD
Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan https://scholar.google.ca/citations?hl=e n&user=XN6DkYEAAAAJ&view_op=list_ works&sortby=pubdate
Stock GrowHER: Marilyn Jahnke Says There’s Room for Women in Leadership
Though Marilyn Jahnke was Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association’s (SSGA) first female president, serving in that capacity from 2002 to 2004, she’ll also be the first to say that women have been working as full partners in the beef business since long before then.
During her term, Marilyn guided SSGA through the turmoil of the BSE crisis, which erupted in May of 2003. Those times demonstrated the strength and resilience of farm families.
“I think it’s important the story gets out that agriculture is for both male and female, and for the kids,” Marilyn said. “During BSE, quite a few women had to step up to the plate, and they did a wonderful job. It’s a partnership. Anything in agriculture is a partnership.”
Marilyn and her husband Neil operated a ranch near Gouldtown. While Marilyn was president of SSGA, Neil was president of Canadian Cattle Association. Amid the BSE crisis, and still with a ranch to run, Marilyn said they were constantly on the go— often in different directions.
“We waved to each other on weekends,” she remembered.
Advocating for producers, especially when dealing with different levels of government, often called for a tactful approach, Marilyn recalls. There were victories and setbacks but she remembers
Jeff Gaye
a spirit of cooperation and good faith discussions even when parties disagreed.
Usually.
“We were fortunate, we got along pretty good,” Marilyn said. “We didn’t always vote for them, but we got along pretty good with the powers in Saskatchewan and in Ottawa.”
“You don’t always get along,” she added with a chuckle. “But that’s allowed.”
Like most producers, Marilyn contributed to the ranching community in different ways. Besides serving formally through SSGA, she was involved in all kinds of community and volunteer work. She says she is particularly proud of her contribution to fundraising for producers affected by wildfires in southwestern Saskatchewan and the Biggar area.
She is also proud to have been awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee Medal for her community service.
Now retired, Marilyn stays connected with the agriculture industry, especially the livestock sector. She doesn’t get too involved in SSGA business because, as she says, “I don’t want to interfere.”
However, she affirms there is an important role for women to share in the leadership of the organization.
First female SSGA President Marilyn Jahnke led SSGA through the BSE crisis in 2003
“There are some women that don’t want to. It’s hard when you’ve got a family and you’re running 25 miles to school and things like that,” she said. “But you can work it out. I would encourage all women to get involved.”
She says the organization is made up of “a pretty good bunch of guys—male and female.”
Marilyn plans to get in some travel now that she’s retired, enjoy time with family and friends and a few golf games. She remains grateful to her colleagues at SSGA.
“Thanks to past boards of directors and staff for the years of friendship,” she said. “See you down the road!”
STRONG PARASITIC CONTROL THREE FORMULATIONS
No matter what your operation looks like, consider using Safe-Guard® for the treatment of internal parasitic infections* that could be eating into your bottom line and affecting your herd’s health. Its unique fenbendazole molecule:
• Has been demonstrated to achieve fecal egg count reductions above the 90% efficacy threshold guidelines1,2
• Has been shown to improve pasture performance of cattle infected with internal parasites – In Western Canadian studies conducted over three consecutive years, increased weight at weaning was demonstrated in calves treated with Safe-Guard® (18.2 lb3, 26.8 lb 4 and 11.6 lb5) compared to non-treated calves
• Is offered in three different formulations (oral suspension, premix or crumbles) for flexible on-farm use
*Please consult the product label for the list of internal parasites that Safe-Guard® is indicated to treat.
Need more information?
• Producers: talk to your veterinarian to determine whether Safe-Guard® is suitable for the animal to be treated
• Veterinarians: please contact your Merck Animal Health representative, call 1-866-683-7838, or go to www.merck-animal-health.ca
Always read the product label for more information on administration instructions and important warnings.
1Are dewormers working? A decade of results. An efficacy summary of the Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) National Database (2009-2018), Merck Animal Health.
2Kaplan, R. M., et al. (2023). World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP) guideline for diagnosing anthelmintic resistance using the fecal egg count reduction test in ruminants, horses and swine. Veterinary parasitology, 318, 109936.
3Determination of the benefit of a strategic deworming program for cow/calf operations in western Canada. Study AH75-SAFG-M-2012
4Determination of the benefit of a strategic deworming program for cow/calf operations in western Canada. Study AH85-SAFG-M-2013
5Determination of the economic benefit of a Strategic Deworming combined with an Anabolic Implant Program for Cow-Calf operations in western Canada. Study 41-AH90-SGRA-M-2014
Charolais Breeders Field the World’s Interest in Canadian Genetics
Kori Maki-Adair
Since hosting the first World Charolais Congress in 1967, only 13 years after the first Charolais bull arrived here from United States, Canada has welcomed livestock producers interested in this breed’s genetics from around the globe four more times for this event—in 1975, 1984, 2006, and most recently this summer from June 21 to July 6.
It’s an event that brings Charolais breeders and enthusiasts from around the globe to celebrate the breed and share knowledge and ideas amidst farm tours, breed society meetings, good food and sightseeing.
Originating in France, Charolais genetics have earned a reputation for animals of large size and extreme ruggedness, traits that enable the breed’s bulls and cows to adapt and thrive in Canada’s full range of environmental conditions.
Somehow in sync with our planet’s everchanging climate, Charolais-influenced animals continue to adapt to their surroundings—an essential ability for survival of any species.
Of course, in terms of profit drivers, Charolais genetics can assist in meeting market requirements; the newly described mouth-feel of marbling, tenderness and flavour; as well as productivity, performance and profitability.
It is likely for these reasons the Canadian Charolais Association was privileged to host and warmly welcome approximately 85 international guests from 12 different countries this summer for the breed’s World Congress.
“Some came early, some left early, some joined partway through,” said Charolais Banner publisher, World Congress co-host, and breed enthusiast Helge By of Regina, Saskatchewan.
His wife, Charolais Banner Managing Editor, and Congress co-host Candace By added, “We had a really good group of people. They were open-minded, attentive, polite and good listeners. They were especially inquisitive about our production practices and the Canadian market.
“They visited from all directions: Australia, New Zealand, Mexico, United States, France, Czechia, Hungary, Estonia, Sweden, England, Ireland and Wales. It was a great pleasure to see our country through their eyes.”
Helge also said many of the visiting ranchers seemed interested in Charolais genetics to strengthen what they are already doing because, “these cattle will adapt no matter what, no matter where they go. Whether they’re abroad or they’re here. Our visitors were looking at how we’re doing things so they can become more profitable in their countries.”
While the average cattle herd may be around 70 head here, herd sizes can range from a pair to a flink or a thousand in Canada; and though the average ranch in Europe may have 30 to 50 head, it’s rare to find one that exceeds 300.
This disparity makes for an interesting experience for cattle producers visiting our country, and the Bys say that when reviewing genetics abroad, the selection criteria is a little different.
And they would know, over the past 20 years, they have travelled to 17 countries looking at white cows.
“The World Congress takes place every two years, and in between, there are technical conferences to advance the breed. The organizers select a topic and all participating countries present on that topic. It makes it easy to share knowledge on different aspects of production,” Candace said, “and we’ve attended all of the Congresses that have been held since 2004.”
She says one of the biggest differences about being a Charolais producer in Canada has to do with herd sizes and calving ease.
She said in many European countries, cesareans are acceptable, more common, and manageable because of smaller herd sizes. Since herds are often larger in Canada, our producers tend to calve unassisted because they have to do that here. Calving independently is essential.
“Our guests were impressed by the quality of udders here, where cattle operations may not have time to help a calf get up and suck. With a smaller herd, a producer may have more time to help a calf,” Helge said. “Charolais are known for good continued on page 24
Charolais Breeders
cont. from pg. 22
udders and strong calves.”
The Bys said the event’s Canadian farm tour hosts made sure to feed beef to the visitors every day at least once, maybe twice, as they learned a bit about our culture, cattle production systems and marketing. To plan the most impactful tour, the Canadian organizers asked the event registrants what they would like to see and do in Canada.
“We accomplished three out of four items on their wish list. We started at Niagara Falls and crossed four provinces to get to the Rockies and the Calgary Stampede. We observed some of Canada’s most extreme topography and a variety of production levels. We showed them how big and diverse Canada is,” Candace said with obvious enthusiasm and more than a touch of national pride.
Her husband said the World Congress guests studied pedigrees and were very interested in what Charolais breeders have to offer in Canada, including our handling equipment for processing and vaccinating, which made it easy for two people to run an entire system.
Helge said, “They were asking ‘where are all the employees?’ and we explained that we do it this way because we lack farm labour. Over there, they often work in groups and teams to get the job done.”
When asked what the biggest challenges and concerns facing the livestock industry are today, here and around the world, Helge said, “In Canada, we’re in a great time right now, but there’s a lot of grey hair. Keeping youth involved in the breed and in our industry is important.”
Balancing confidence with founded hope, he also said, “Charolais is the number-one terminal sire breed. They are a top-three in the market for a reason. They are great breeders that mix with anything well and work in all environments. There is a good future here for the next generation.”
FEATURE
Over the summer, since the World Congress, Canadian Charolais Association and the Bys have fielded a number of follow-up questions from the event’s international guests.
They want to know even more about our staffing, business operations, production efficiencies and the specific parameters around who does what, where, when, why and how we do what we do here.
The Bys say this growing interest makes it clear that other countries are ready for Canadian genetics.
“What people learn and take home with them varies with their positions in industry, and their own lives. It’s difficult to narrow down their interests to just cows and politics. They want to know about the entire livestock business here,” Helge added.
Fuel, fence posts, equipment and other inputs require the market to be good for cow-calf producers to survive.
“To maintain our breed’s strong position around the world, we need to address some international trade issues to open the markets for Canadian genetics,” Candace and Helge said together.
Sharing one idea after another, they also said, “In Saskatchewan, we toured the Royal Saskatchewan Museum, stayed at Temple Gardens Hotel & Spa, shot hockey pucks, dummy roped, danced late into the evening, ate Merv’s Pitchfork Fondue out of a 25 gallon barrel of hot oil after a tour of the CK Sparrow Farms herd, visited BoviGen’s embryo and semen collection facility, looked at all kinds of new machinery and equipment at Norheim Ranching, grilled steaks barbecued over briquettes after a tour of White Cap Charolais, Rosso Charolais and Cedarlea Farms—where Garner Deobald called his cows and 175 pairs came running. That was a rare and wonderful sight for everyone.”
In addition to experiencing Canadian grading, production systems and ranching
styles, Candace said they really wanted to give each guest a taste of Canada with cinnamon buns, local beverages, ketchup chips, Cheezies, maple cream cookies, butter tarts, Eat-more and Nanaimo bars. You can’t get these very easily anywhere else.
To conclude the interview, the Bys finished one another’s sentences saying, “We wanted to make the most of the opportunity. Facilitating an international transference of ideas can lead to transfer of genetics around the world. That’s a valuable tool for beef production everywhere, for any breed.”
And though our conversation was over the phone, my mind’s eye saw them holding hands as we thanked one another and said farewell like new friends.
REFERENCES
Charolais Charbray International www.charolaisinternational.com/canada
Canadian Charolais Association charolais.com
1 2 3
Photo captions from page 22:
1. Candace and Helge By at Niagara Falls Parks Power Station Guided Tour and SelfGuided Tunnel Experience, Niagara Falls, Ontario - June 24, 2024
2. SSGA Past President Garner Deobald calls and 175 cow/calf pairs come at Cedarlea Farms Charolais outside of Hodgeville, SK - June 29, 2024
3. Briquette-barbecued steaks for everyone at Cedarlea Farms, Hodgeville, SK - June 29, 2024
Stewardship of Sandy Soil Pays off for TESA Recipients
Jeff Gaye
The Block family ranch, located in the Great Sandhills near Abbey, is a testament to the value of working with nature rather than against it. Neil and Denise Block own and operate the ranch, which Neil’s parents bought in 1986.
Block Ranching won The Environmental Stewardship Award (TESA) for Saskatchewan this year. Their respect for native prairie plant ecosystems has allowed the operation to thrive even through eight years of drought.
Though Neil was raised on the ranch, his understanding and appreciation of plant ecology deepened through his studies at University of Saskatchewan where he had initially been studying economics.
“I was facing a career behind a desk, and I came to the realization that wasn’t what I wanted to do,” Neil said. “And so I took the range management class that was offered in the College of Ag.
the spillways draining the lake remain as the Great Sandhills.
The bare dunes are the most striking feature of the landscape, but a spartan and delicate ecosystem of grassland, shrubs, and occasional trees is home to a wealth of bird, mammal, and reptile species. Among these are seven bird species identified as being at risk.
With 60,000 acres of native prairie and another 4,000 acres of tame grass, they try to maintain a rotation that allows for 12 to 18 months of rest for their land—about half of the land is grazed over the course of a calendar year.
But as drought affects the available forage, the Blocks will sell off animals to reduce the pressure on the land.
And when the grass recovers, they can increase their herd again to maintain the grazing and replenish the soil.
“We always liked to see a fair amount of litter or dead plant material on the ground covering the soil,” Neil said. “But I’ve kind of thrown that out the window in the last seven or eight years because we just haven’t grown enough grass for there to be much litter produced. And it’s so dry that what is there seems to disappear rather quickly.
“It reconnected me with Jim Romo, a professor I had known for years before that. And something clicked. It was lifechanging for me to have taken that class, and to have recognized how important native range lands were.”
The Great Sandhills were formed at the end of the last ice age, when retreating glaciers left behind rock and sand deposits amid residual glacial lakes. Glacial Lake Bursary was one of the bodies of water formed by the melting glaciers. The deltas of sediment from
The region is also home to Ord’s kangaroo rat which, though common in United States, is at risk and considered rare in Canada.
Raising cattle on sand means it is vitally important to balance the cycles of grazing and rest. Having animals on the land is critical to cycling nutrients and building precious soil; overgrazing will quickly reverse any progress you are able to make.
In times of drought, that balance is even more important. To maintain it, the Blocks carefully manage their herd size to fit the grazing conditions on the range.
“So, I’ve stopped looking at litter as the indicator as to when stuff is recovered enough, and I’ve focused more on looking at the plants.”
Timely rain earlier this year got the grasses off to good start, with Neil noticing not just the height of the grass, but also the thickness of the growth, and the colour and vigour of the plants.
And while last year they ran their smallest herd in more than a decade, this year, they were able to quadruple it—and Neil says the land could have supported even more.
FEATURE
“We’re about four times this year and probably should have been about eight times, looking at the grass we’ve grown,” he said. “But I don’t want to be on the other side of it and have had four times too many. I’d rather be a little bit short the other way.”
The Block’s ranch has undertaken a project to seed 100 acres of cultivated land back to native grasses. This approach has been met with mixed success on other operations: there is a high risk of low reestablishment of the native species.
“So that’s the whole point of our trying to do this native prairie restoration project. I think it’s just going to be much more resilient to insect attacks.”
“[Through] our efforts over the years, and everyone before us with the stewardship of the land, we’ve increased production immensely and I don’t know what the upper limit to that is,” he went on to say. “And it’s not that we’re just pushing it for production. We’re pushing to put it in better shape than it was.”
But the Blocks feel the potential benefits to the land and the ecosystem are worth the risk.
For example, they have seen their pastures of tame grasses suffering massive damage from grasshoppers, while their native grasses have been much more resilient.
“We’ve had some tremendous issues with grasshoppers on our tame forage the last few years. Grasshoppers have gotten far more utilization out of it than the cattle probably have,” Neil says.
Why?
“A monoculture of tame grass—or maybe two or three species growing there—it’s maybe not a recipe for disaster, but we’re just asking for trouble,” he said.
“Once those plants get stressed, that’s when the grasshoppers are attracted to them. And then there’s a whole field of stressed plants for them instead of, you know, one plant out of 100 where they would normally be on the native range.
Like many TESA recipients before them, the Blocks fully appreciate the natural beauty that surrounds them. They understand the fragility of the natural ecosystem, and they are aware of their responsibility to take care of it.
But sentimentality aside, stewardship wouldn’t be possible if it didn’t pay.
Neil said at a field day they hosted, someone challenged them on the profitability of their management techniques and asked how they know for sure there’s a payoff.
“I said when my dad bought this place, it was an 800-cow ranch and not a not a great one at that. I mean it’s a fantastic ranch, but it was a struggle to run 800 cows. And in 2019, we ran 2,300 cows and about 3,500 yearlings, and that was three years into a drought.
“And we graze half the ranch, like literally half the ranch is rested. Whereas in 1986, we were grazing the whole place every year and you could barely support 800 cows, no yearlings or anything," Neil said.
He said animal agriculture thriving on the natural landscape, with the natural ecology, is not a side benefit, but a key to their operation’s success. The stewardship of the native grasslands and their biodiversity is an example of how the beef industry functions at its best.
“These species are present because of our management, not in spite of it,” he said. “The recognition of that, by researchers and scientists that come to our place, is huge for us. That’s been a big change in the industry in general, and it’s important to demonstrate.”
Neil remembers learning there are only two true sources of wealth: the sun and the land.
“We’re dependent on plants; everyone on this planet is. If we didn’t have plants, we wouldn’t be here. So, the plants need two sources to survive. They need the sun to shine on them, but they also need the soil with its nutrients and minerals,” he said.
“And from that, well, we created humanity. If you have land that can grow something and capture the sun, you can feed your family; and, you can create clean air and clean water and habitat for other animals. So, that’s what I think that quote means.”
Neil speaking about his native grassland management strategies and experiences during the field day in his own native pasture.
SCIENCE AND PRODUCTION
ACTIVE MISSING LIVESTOCK FILES
NOTE: If you have any information related to these or any missing livestock file, please contact Livestock Services of Saskatchewan or RCMP Livestock Investigator Cpl. Owen Third at 306-537-9448.
BEEF BELONGS.
Across the working landscapes of Saskatchewan, the wetlands and grasslands needed by wildlife are owned and sustainably managed by ranchers like you.
As beef producers, you protect our province’s most important natural areas. Ducks Unlimited Canada (DUC) understands that a prosperous beef industry is central to healthy land, vibrant rural communities and abundant wildlife populations. We offer farmgate conservation programs designed to support your stewardship efforts and put money back in your pocket.
Z Need more livestock feed? DUC’s Forage Program pays $100/acre for field-scale conversion to perennial forage. Additional program incentives could take that to $200/acre.
Z Have land with water and grass? DUC’s Rangeland Program pays up to $5,000 to protect grasslands and existing wetlands for a 10-year term.
Z Conservation Easements (CEs) protect your land’s natural values in perpetuity, pay up to 35% of current land values, and have no restrictions on haying or grazing.
Z DUC’s Revolving Lands Program (RLP) can be a cost-effective option to expand your land holdings. RLP lands have been restored to tame grassland; since a CE is a condition of purchase, these lands sell for slightly below fair market value. There are no restrictions on haying or grazing.
Chief Executive Officer Jason Pollock Livestock Services of Saskatchewan
As this lands in your mailbox, most of the industry is getting ready to get paid for their hard work. Most producers market their animals in the fall whether it be their calves, stockers, culls or bred cows.
It’s a busy time of year for the industry and our inspection team.
One of the keys to a smooth commercial transaction is the completed manifest. The manifest is a legal document and carries all the information required by law to transact business. It is the primary tool used by our inspection team to do their job in keeping the industry secure.
Inspectors are trained to look at the manifest first and then the animals.
According to provincial regulations, all manifests must include valid information in the top portion of the manifest and be signed to be considered completed prior to inspection. If any of these items are not clear or require adjustment, the inspector will ask for the necessary changes prior to completing the inspection of the animals. Errors, omissions and anomalies are easily caught and corrected at this point, and can save both owner and inspector considerable time after the fact.
Our new digital manifest is available
Fall Marketing around the Corner
Jason Pollock
at MyLivestock.ca and we are in the process of rolling this out for commercial transactions. The last phase of this transition to a digital option for producers will focus on the most complex, but also most used option for primary producers and the auction market. We have released it for the use of non-inspected movements by any industry participant(s).
For commercial transactions, we are in a pilot phase for direct terminal sales. If you haven’t already, sign up today at MyLivestock.ca, which also has the most current information, videos and demos to watch to help you decide if this is an option that you want to use. Over time, more services and functionalities will be offered through the application including brand renewals tag/herd management, and commercial manifests.
Each year, our inspection team handles around 100,000 paper manifests. In an increasingly digital world, we are working towards providing an option for our stakeholders to do this part of the business digitally as well. In fact, the digital manifest will also allow producers and transporters to remain compliant with federal regulations pertaining to humane transport and livestock traceability.
The principle of using the same data point for multiple purposes makes sense to me as a producer. The last thing I want to do is fill out the ranch’s address four or five times just to move or market my animals. It gets burdensome. A digital option that pre-populates my address and other static information will help me stay on top of the increasing amount of paperwork required.
To close this submission, I want to highlight the results from our last fiscal year of operations. We are owned by Saskatchewan industry, and we keep this foremost in our mind when we make decisions, both daily operational and
long-term strategic ones—this is what is driving us toward providing options such as the digital manifest.
Our fiscal year end is March 31, and every year, it seems that weather and market pricing keep us waiting until the last moment to reveal whether we have a financial-positive or negative year.
This past winter, there was a lot of concern that the drought conditions plaguing the prairies would persist as the snowfall was a fraction of normal winters. This, combined with a strong market demand due to a declining North American cowherd, pushed market prices into a highly-favourable space for a lot of backgrounders to move their animals a little earlier—which, resulted in a netpositive financial position for Livestock Services of Saskatchewan.
We ended the year with a net income of $290,936, up from $82,696 last year; a result of market timing as well as fiscal responsibility of our operations. A lot of our inspection team members are directly tied to the industry as producers, and we recognize that each dollar spent comes off the bottom line—and we work diligently to provide value for each dollar we earn.
The continual decline of the cowherd, and other pressures such as inflation and other forces beyond our span of control, have our board of directors considering a fee increase. The last increase for inspection fees was $0.75, 10 years ago. Operationally, we have been able to manage ourselves within this increase, but we are moving towards a point where we need to adjust this fee upward again.
Industry will be the decision-maker and our role is to present our value proposition alongside a request for a fee increase. Our hope is that the value we provide to our owners (you), is clear, and we will have support for our request later this fiscal year.
SCIENCE AND PRODUCTION
Cost to Saskatchewan Livestock Industry
Revenue collected on 1,637,056 head
(Less) Commission paid to livestock dealers for remitting inspection fees ($40,458)
Qualitative Benefits to the Saskatchewan Livestock Industry
Livestock Services of Saskatchewan Inspection and Movement Database utilized by Ministry of Agriculture / Canadian Food Inspection Agency
Security provided to credit institutions allowing producers access to affordable credit
Licensing administration and security held in trust by 124 Dealers and 293 Agents
Management of the Provincial Brand Registry (11,001 Registered Brands)
Quantitative Benefits to the Saskatchewan Livestock Industry
Proceeds redirected to rightful owner on 2,853 head $6,561,900
Stray animal identification of 161 head $370,300
Reported missing or stolen livestock totaling 559 head $1,285,700 Cattle/proceeds withheld for clearance of 11,618 head $26,721,400 Approximate value of legislated use documents supplied (manifests, permits, etc.) $90,000 Measured Benefit to the Saskatchewan Livestock Industry $35,029,300 Net Measured Value to the Saskatchewan Livestock Industry Total Benefits less Total Cost $30,468,797
NOTE: Note: an estimated average value of $ 2,300 per head is used below for cost/value reporting and a calculation of $2.75 per head revenue for all livestock inspected.
Each year, our annual report includes a value analysis that helps translate what we do daily into an annual summary of activity to communicate to our stakeholders. I am pleased to present that in the charts (above).
As our industry changes and adapts to the ever-increasing data driven world, we are confident that with leadership from our owners, we are capable of meeting future challenges and opportunities.
• SERVICES: Whether you are a specialty producer looking to get your product to a specific market or distributor, or if you are producing commodity livestock for sale, we can partner with you. From our multi-species capabilities to our ability to handle smaller volumes, we offer excellent capabilities for producers in the Canadian Prairies to maximize their profitability.
• FACILITY: We have a state-of-the-art facility to allow us to reach markets across Canada, the USA, and beyond. We understand producer’s needs, their care for their animals, and their honest, straightforward nature. Call us to hear how we can work together to get your product to market.
• GRASSFED: “True North Foods is partnered with A&W Canada to supply Canadian grassfed beef for A&W’s grassfed burger program.
ASSOCIATION NEWS & REPORTS
A REPORT FROM JEFF YORGA PRESIDENT, SASKATCHEWAN STOCK GROWERS ASSOCIATION
Friends,
Welcome to the September issue of the Beef Business: Saskatchewan’s most popular and widest-circulated, producerfocused magazine.
As this is the first column I have written for the magazine, I would like to introduce myself. I am the second generation operating on the family ranch at Flintoft.
Along with my parents Kelly and Norma (Kelly served as Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association Finance Chair, under President Brian Weedon in the 1990s), we operate J. Yorga Farms—a Limousin seedstock operation with our annual bull sale on the ranch the last Monday of February every year.
I would like to thank my wife Kristen for her support. Board positions take time away from home, and while we are away solving the world’s problems, the ones left behind pick up the slack. Thank you, Kristen. Our sons Jennings and Jagger represent the third generation on the ranch, and they are a constant reminder to us to get it right when having policy conversations.
I would also like to congratulate the rest of
Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association’s (SSGA) Executive Board on their election and thank them for their efforts today and into the future: 1st Vice President Kelly Williamson, 2nd Vice President Henry McCarthy, Finance Chair Chay Anderson, and Past President Garner Deobald.
On behalf of the Executive, I would also like to congratulate our three new board members elected this summer: Kurtis Reid, Gord Kozroski, and Neil Block. SSGA has the deepest bench of any ag group in the country.
We would also like to thank and acknowledge four directors that are not returning: Kelcy Elford, Keith Day, Miles McNeil and Rod Gamble. You have made a significant contribution to the organization and we look forward to you returning in the future.
In June, SSGA hosted its 111th Annual General Meeting (AGM) and Convention in Swift Current. We would like to thank all of SSGA’s membership for your participation. The industry is strengthened when we are able to get together to find common ground and chart a path forward.
We were encouraged to see executives from Western Stock Growers’ Association, Alberta Beef Producers, Saskatchewan Cattlemen’s Association and Canadian Cattle Association in attendance.
Our future success depends on collaboration across borders. Grassroots organizations don’t always agree, but we are better together, and SSGA looks forward to continued collaborations.
The membership debated and passed several resolutions during the AGM. They are printed in full (pages 38-39).
These resolutions set the SSGA Board’s agenda for the upcoming year. Given the number and scope of issues raised, there will be no shortage of work to do.
Some highlights include:
• Recent challenges around fencing along non-navigable waterways—the effect that could have on public access will be a high priority for us.
Resolution #3
WHEREAS a new interface for digital forage insurance product delivery is under development;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA lobby the Ministry of Agriculture and Saskatchewan Crop Insurance Corporation (SCIC) to fund a pilot to test the interface.
• Business Risk Management (BRM) improvements, including satellitebased rainfall insurance expansion, and improvements to Western Livestock Price Insurance Program (WLPIP) to prevent delayed payments in the event of a border closure were carried
Resolution #4
WHEREAS elk are becoming a large problem in Southwest Saskatchewan due to over population; and WHEREAS the Ministry of Environment does not issue sufficient tags to control the population;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA lobby the Ministry of Environment to alleviate the problem.
Resolution #5
WHEREAS the Sustainable Canadian Agriculture Partnership is a beneficial program for producers to implement beneficial management practices on their operations; and WHEREAS there are items that are not on the list that are still beneficial to producers to ensure their operations are staying current with upcoming technology, but are cost prohibitive; BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA lobby the Government of Saskatchewan to
President Jeff Yorga Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association
ASSOCIATION NEWS & REPORTS
expand the list of eligible equipment to include new technology such as Merck SenseHub tags, portable scales, calf catchers and virtual fencing systems.
Resolution #8
WHEREAS Saskatchewan Cattlemen’s Association was formed as an agriculture commission under the Agriculture Food Act of Saskatchewan to oversee the expenditures and disbursement of the Beef CheckOff collected in the Province of Saskatchewan;
WHEREAS a resolution was passed at the 2024 SCA Annual General Meeting asking for a 75 per cent increase in the refundable portion of the Saskatchewan Beef Check-Off with fewer than 70 producers in attendance; and
WHEREAS SCA represents approximately 12,000 producers in the Province of Saskatchewan, all check-off contributing producers should receive annually, a full and transparent report on how check-off dollars are spent in operating the SCA office and its board of directors;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA request the Agri-Food Council of Saskatchewan to make SCA financially-accountable to all check-off contributing producers in a transparent and precise detail regarding the operation of the SCA office and its board of directors.
• Membership had many concerns with the upcoming check-off increase. The AGM was the first public forum to discuss the increase since it was passed in January.
The number and tone of the resolutions made our membership’s feelings clear.
Our hope is that the our Saskatchewan Cattlemen’s Association representatives heard that as well, and will provide more opportunities for producer feedback prior to implementation.
Resolution #10
BE IT RESOLVED that the mandatory refundable check-off will always be refundable.
Resolution #11
WHEREAS the Canadian Roundtable for Sustainable Beef (CRSB) is influencing policy that affects the entire beef industry; and WHEREAS the cost of that policy falls to the primary producer to bare; BE IT RESOLVED that the CRSB board be composed of 50 per cent plus one (50%+1) of primary producers.
Resolution #12
WHEREAS the Canadian Sustainability Standards Board is an unelected body that takes its marching orders from international organizations made up of unelected officials; WHEREAS the standards the CSSB are proposing to adopt will not benefit our industry, the environment or our economy; WHEREAS the CSSB is weaponizing finance by restricting access to financing in an effort to enforce these standards; and WHEREAS we are not the only industry that is being negatively-affected; BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA explore
opportunities to partner with other organizations, both within our industry and outside our industry, in an effort to oppose adoption of any standards brought forward by the CSSB.
I was asked why several resolutions were brought to the floor.
It is important to remember that if a resolution is written, moved and seconded, it will be discussed and there will be an up or down vote.
Resolutions that are passed at the zone level will always be brought to the floor of an AGM, and resolutions that are submitted by membership will always have an opportunity for a hearing and a vote.
The more transparency and discussion in any process, the better it is. SSGA has always, and will continue to give its membership a voice to set policy.
We hope the rain has found you this year. Many are able to say that it’s better than it has been, but I can say from experience that it is still not good. Our board is committed to building BRM tools that work for the cow/calf sector.
Our industry has been left behind. The
continued on page 34
Jeff and Kristen Yorga with sons Jennings and Jagger in Flintoft, SK
ASSOCIATION NEWS & REPORTS
President's Report cont. from pg. 33
last eight years of drought, combined with escalating costs, are making it hard to remain viable—even with the potential for record prices this fall.
From where I sit, the herd in Canada is far from rebuilding. With fewer producers, your voice matters!
Cattle people are some of the most generous with their time, and now more than ever, the industry needs your help.
Volunteer with your local 4-H club, or the local ag society. Participate at SSGA Zone meetings. Attend industry or extension events around the province.
The headwinds animal agriculture faces are large, and the amount of money that we are up against is significant. Our strength is in our people and the community we can create. The future depends on you!
In closing, I would like to thank the SSGA Board of Directors for their support.
Being elected SSGA President is a humbling experience, and I look forward to working together with our team to represent the organization and its members.
Rarely is the first time you meet someone captured in a picture, but at the Wood Mountain 4-H Achievement Day (in I think 1994), SSGA Past President Garner Deobald was the judge and I was an intermediate member.
The cattle have changed, but Garner’s moustache remains the same.
I had a great day in the ring—winning both the steer and heifer classes—but, put a less than acceptable effort into my judging card.
It’s something that, 30 years later, Garner reminds me of from time to time... So, rest assured, if things start to slip, our past president will be there to keep things on the rails.
Congratulations on your successful term as SSGA President, Garner.
Until next time
Jeff
THE RIGHT INGREDIENTS IN THE RIGHT TUB
SSGA Past President Garner Deobald (left) and SSGA President Jeff Yorga (right) at Wood Mountain 4-H Achievement Day in 1994
Missing...
From harsh weather to rugged terrain, various hazards can impact the lifespan of your indicators. Factors like vegetation, fencing and feeders can contribute to wear and tear. Increase retention by implementing environmental modifications or choosing an indicator best suited to your needs.
Don’t forget to check the manufacturer recommendations and best practices for the applicator and indicators that you are using. Proper indicator placement is key to increasing retention.
CCIA is led by industry to help you make informed decisions toward traceability to better protect your investment.
REACHING NEW HEIGHTS
SSGA 111th AGM & CONVENTION
Thank You to Our Sponsors
Heritage
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Ducks Unlimited Canada North American Helium POET
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BeefSmart Consulting
Blue Water Irrigation Development
Farm Credit Canada
Grain Millers Canada Corp
JGL
Livestock & Forage Centre of Excellence
SK Livestock Finance Cooperative
SweetPro Canada
Vetoquinol Canada Inc.
Western College of Veterinary Medicine
Western Producer
Young’s Equipment Zoetis
Brett Young Seeds Canada Beef
DLMS
EBT Chartered Professional Accountants
Flying 5 Ranch
Golden West Radio
Anderson & Company
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B & A Petroleum Bullseye Feeds
Canadian Cattle
Identification Agency
Cargill Animal Nutrition
Cows in Control
Elanco Animal Health
Heartland Livestock Services
Merck Animal Health
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Saskatchewan Bison Association
Still Hill Ranch - Calvin & Sandra Knoss VIDO
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Westway Feed Products
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Biological Carbon Canada
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Boehringer Ingelheim Canada
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Canadian Forage & Grassland Association
D & R Sales
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Panko & Associates - Royal LePage
POET
Range Ward
Saskatchewan Crop Insurance Corporation
SK Livestock Finance Cooperative
Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture
Saskatchewan Stock Growers Foundation
Saskatchewan Verified Beef Production
SODCAP
STOCKBOSS Energyfree Livestock Waterer
Water Security Agency
Young’s Equipment
ASSOCIATION NEWS & REPORTS
Resolution #1
2024 Annual General Meeting Resolutions
WHEREAS the Ministry of Agriculture is assigned the administration of the bed and shore as provincial Crown land pursuant to The Provincial Lands Act, 2016; and WHEREAS constructing a fence across a non-navigable waterway requires permission from the administrator;
BE IT RESOLVED that Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association (SSGA) lobby the Ministry of Agriculture to no longer require landowners to receive permission from the Ministry of Agriculture to fence across non-navigable waterways.
Resolution #2
WHEREAS the Airbus GPI technology has been proven to be adaptable to western Canadian growing conditions; and WHEREAS a pilot is required to test the technology under real world conditions;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA lobby the Ministry of Agriculture and SCIC to fund a desktop pilot for 2024 and a commercial pilot for 2025.
Resolution #3
WHEREAS a new interface for digital forage insurance product delivery is under development;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA lobby the Ministry of Agriculture and Saskatchewan Crop Insurance Corporation (SCIC) to fund a pilot to test the interface.
Resolution #4
WHEREAS elk are becoming a large problem in Southwest Saskatchewan due to over population; and WHEREAS the Ministry of Environment does not issue sufficient tags to control the population;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA lobby the Ministry of Environment to alleviate the problem.
Resolution #5
WHEREAS the Sustainable Canadian Agriculture Partnership is a beneficial program for producers to implement beneficial management practices on their operations; and WHEREAS there are items that are not on the list that are still beneficial to producers to ensure their operations are staying current with upcoming technology, but are cost prohibitive;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA lobby the Government of Saskatchewan to expand the list of eligible equipment to include new technology such as Merck SenseHub tags, portable scales, calf catchers and virtual fencing systems.
Resolution #6
WHEREAS Western Livestock Price Insurance Program (WLPIP) is a marketbased insurance program; and WHEREAS in the event of a border closure there is no active market, which causes a delay in settling contracts in claim;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA lobby SCIC and the provincial government to define a settlement floor under WLPIP.
Resolution #7
WHEREAS Saskatchewan Cattlemen’s Association (SCA) is responsible for administering the check-off dollars; and WHEREAS all producers that pay check-off are members of SCA;
BE IT RESOLVED that SCA requires a 90-day notification period before a fee increase vote along with a two-thirds (2/3) majority vote for check-off fee increase.
Resolution #8
WHEREAS Saskatchewan Cattlemen’s Association was formed as an agriculture commission under the Agriculture Food Act of Saskatchewan to oversee the expenditures and disbursement of the Beef Check-Off collected in the Province of Saskatchewan;
WHEREAS a resolution was passed at the 2024 SCA Annual General Meeting asking for a 75 per cent increase in the refundable portion of the Saskatchewan Beef Check-Off with fewer than 70 producers in attendance; and WHEREAS SCA represents approximately 12,000 producers in the Province of Saskatchewan, all check-off contributing producers should receive annually, a full and transparent report on how check-off dollars are spent in operating the SCA office and its board of directors;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA request the Agri-Food Council of Saskatchewan to make SCA financially-accountable to all check-off contributing producers in a transparent and precise detail regarding the operation of the SCA office and its board of directors.
Resolution #9
WHEREAS the Saskatchewan provincial Beef Check-Off is a mandatory refundable levy; and
WHEREAS a producer’s check-off contributions are considered a producer’s membership in Saskatchewan Cattlemen’s Association (SCA);
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA lobby the Agri-Food Council of Saskatchewan and SCA to have the Beef Check-Off Refund Form readily available on the SCA website.
ASSOCIATION NEWS & REPORTS
Resolution #10
BE IT RESOLVED that the mandatory refundable check-off will always be refundable.
Resolution #11
WHEREAS the Canadian Roundtable for Sustainable Beef (CRSB) is influencing policy that affects the entire beef industry; and
WHEREAS the cost of that policy falls to the primary producer to bare;
BE IT RESOLVED that the CRSB board be composed of 50 per cent plus one (50%+1) of primary producers.
Resolution #12
WHEREAS the Canadian Sustainability Standards Board is an unelected body that takes its marching orders from international organizations made up of unelected officials;
WHEREAS the standards the CSSB are proposing to adopt will not benefit our industry, the environment or our economy;
WHEREAS the CSSB is weaponizing finance by restricting access to financing in an effort to enforce these standards; and
WHEREAS we are not the only industry that is being negatively-affected;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA explore opportunities to partner with other organizations, both within our industry and outside our industry, in an effort to oppose adoption of any standards brought forward by the CSSB.
Resolution #13
WHEREAS Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) has been proven to be a trade and commerce barrier in Canada; and
WHEREAS CFIA is part of the Ministry of Health;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA lobby the federal government to move CFIA’s responsibility for animal health and trade to Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada.
Resolution #14
WHEREAS the ongoing bovine tuberculosis (TB) investigation has financially-burdened the producers involved; and
WHEREAS it is no fault of their own;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA request the Province of Saskatchewan to include CFIA quarantine and clean-up costs under the Provincial Disaster Assistance Program (PDAP).
Resolution #15
WHEREAS the Canadian Grasslands Initiative (GCI) is targeted at primary producers;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA requests the selection panel be made up of 100 per cent primary producers from the Great Plains.
Resolution #16
WHEREAS grassland conservation is important;
WHEREAS the government’s injection of $700-800MM into conservation projects may have significant risks and unintended consequences, such as, but not limited to, land value inflation, government and/ or non-governmental organization (NGO) oversight, and land-use limitations; and WHEREAS the communication around the Grassland Conservation Initiative is unclear, indecisive and producers are left with serious questions;
BE IT RESOLVED that SSGA work with Canadian Cattle Association (CCA) member organizations and industry stakeholders to have CCA pause the Canadian Grasslands Initiative until such time that a clear and concise strategy can be communicated to the member organizations. B
GRAZE YEAR-ROUND
ASSOCIATION NEWS & REPORTS
Celebrating a New Retiree: Sharon Buscis
New retiree Sharon Buscis has been a key member of Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association’s (SSGA) team for eight years, managing the organization’s accounting records, programs, events and services for all aspects of the Association.
Based in Regina, Sharon’s multifaceted role also included wearing the hat of Beef Business Magazine proofreader, grant acquisitions specialist, financial reporting and in-house advertising coordinator.
Throughout the years, Sharon has provided her keen intelligence, eye for detail and kind overview to countless projects and programs—supporting SSGA General Manager Chad MacPherson since 2016 in addition to five SSGA board presidents, alongside other dedicated SSGA staff and volunteers.
When we asked Sharon to name some rewarding accomplishments during her work with SSGA, Sharon said she will always appreciate the opportunity to be a member of the team.
Beef Drives to support Food Banks of Saskatchewan—and that the best thing about working with SSGA has been meeting people in an industry where everyone has great passion.
Buscis receiving the Queen Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee Medal
on January 20, 2023 in Swift
She also said some of her favourite memories are rooted in the administration of the wildfire fundraisers and the province-wide
Perhaps the most appropriate and lasting way to acknowledge her dedication and service to Saskatchewan agriculture, last year on January 23 in Swift Current, the Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan, the Honourable Russ Mirasty, presented Sharon with the Queen Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee Medal, which is awarded to Canadians that have made significant contributions within their communities.
“The Medal celebrates Sharon’s involvement with countless projects, programs and outreaches across our great province, including her time with SSGA, which will continue to benefit our members, Canada’s livestock industry, government, domestic and international consumers for years to come,” said SSGA General Manager Chad MacPherson.
“On behalf of SSGA members, staff, management and our board of directors, thank you for your outstanding service, Sharon. Congratulations on your welldeserved retirement!”
Zone 7 Scholarship
After reviewing a number of well-presented applications, Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association’s Zone 7 members selected West Central Saskatchewan’s Janna Hewitt for this year’s Zone 7 Scholarship.
This spring, Janna Hewitt graduated from Miles Community College in Miles City, Montana, in the Associate of Science Agriculture & Natural Resources degree pathway program. This fall, she will be continuing her education at Chadron State College in Chadron, Nebraska, where she will be pursuing a Bachelor Degree in Rangeland Ecology.
After graduation in Spring 2026, Janna will have a working knowledge of rangeland production and management, and its application to wildlife and livestock management. She will have a thorough understanding of plant taxonomy and identification, ecology, ruminant production, vegetation manipulation practices, and business-effective oral and written communication skills.
It is clear, students that pursue this ag-honouring program truly love, appreciate, and respect our rangelands, livestock, and producers —and they are dedicated to the future of rangeland and livestock care.
Congratulations to Janna Hewitt!
Sharon
(Saskatchewan)
Current, SK
Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association Zone 7 Chair Darcy Moen presents the Zone 7 Scholarship to Janna Hewitt of Eston, Saskatchewan
SSGA Program Manager Represents Canada’s Agri-Food Network in Rome
Lexi Macza
After attending the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Global Youth Dialogue on Sustainable Livestock Transformation Summit in September 2023, I stayed in contact with the FAO committee that was tasked with organizing our summit. Throughout the months, we have had an open communication with all attendees, discussing different topics and issues that have been happening around the globe, as well attending a few virtual conferences and webinars.
I was invited back to Rome this July to attend the FAO Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance (LEAP) Committee meetings, and was granted permission to attend the Committee on Agriculture (COAG) meetings as a Private Sector representative of the International Agri-Food Network.
The LEAP meetings focused on the positive impacts that have happened since the FAO created the LEAP working committee, with a large focus on the sustainability of livestock industries across the globe. Carl Lessard from Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) was one of the panelists at the beginning of the day, and he gave a presentation on the work being done across our nation including the work being done by Canadian Roundtable for Sustainable Beef. The rest of the panelists spoke on how the sustainability guidelines created by the LEAP committee have played on the economy, society, and environment of their specific countries.
economic backgrounds, working together to create positive global changes to our livestock sectors. For instance, Professor Michael Lee, an expert on sustainable livestock systems and technical advisor to the LEAP committee, gave a presentation on how United Kingdom’s government is calling for a 20 per cent reduction on meat consumption; meanwhile, the citizens within United Kingdom are dealing with an extreme iron deficiency (and should be consuming more meat products to deal with the iron deficiency).
advancements to simply utilize their livestock industries more efficiently and create better economic and social benefits for their people (all while, still caring for their land and animals), how do we justify countries that are creating real health problems by implementing such extreme reduction policies?
Professor Lee did an excellent job of showing why the policies being implemented in United Kingdom should not be the status quo, and we need to do a better job of presenting the facts that meat products have the vital nutrients needed for our health, while still focusing on the positive benefits that livestock production has on the economy, society and environment.
It always amazes me to see so many different countries, with differing socio-
Meanwhile, we have countries with inadequate cooling systems in place causing upwards of 78 per cent of livestock meat spoilage before they have a chance to feed the people within their countries. It begs the question: when we have countries that are working on
I also took in a session on Enhancing Support for Women in Underdeveloped Countries. It’s incredibly eye-opening to see the work that is being done across the globe to support and enhance women. In many countries, livestock production is commonly managed by women and girls, especially in many traditional regions.
One of the key issues they are finding is in some countries is that women aren’t legally allowed to take their livestock to market, or access capital for their livestock operations on their own.
The FAO has a committee working on implementing real change in these regions to make it easier and more accessible for women to take care of their livestock, and make decisions that will positively benefit their operations.
Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association Program Manager Lexi Macza represents Canada's Agri-Food Network in Rome, Italy, in July 2024
ASSOCIATION NEWS & REPORTS
For the COAG Subcommittee Meeting, I met up with Jessica Radau (with Canadian Cattle Association), and Bob Lowe (President of the Global Roundtable for Sustainable Beef), to take in the meetings where there were 99 member nations involved—with a joint objective to create a global document for countries to use as a guideline for creating/enhancing protocols for the livestock sector.
The opening remarks of the meeting were about how livestock farming is part of the future; and how livestock has been unfairly blamed for environmental and human health issues; and that a global document needs to be created to ensure the livestock sectors are protected going forward.
FAO made it clear they are extremely pro-livestock for their protein and micronutrients.
At the COAG sub-committee meetings, each member nation is allotted two to three minutes to give their update on the research and work being done by the committee, and whether each country believes their countries desires and/or concerns are being met.
Similarly to the LEAP meetings, it is interesting to see such a difference between the countries being represented. While countries within the European Union are focused on environmental changes they believe need to be made, countries such as Indonesia and Kenya (and many others), are looking for better guidelines for enhancing animal husbandry and welfare through efficient vet protocols.
Carl Lessard of AAFC also represented Canada at the COAG meetings, and stated how food security should be a top priority while improving the economical and environmental aspects of animal farming through technological improvements across the globe.
of Disease Prevention Document for Terrestrial Land Animals. While many countries want to focus on a One-Health approach to their disease prevention, most of the countries present wanted to focus on creating global strategies for preventing and reporting disease outbreaks to ensure that countries are well prepared for—in the event of a disease outbreak.
If you are interested on reading any of the documents created by the COAG SubCommittee, you can find them at https:// www.fao.org/coag/documents/en.
Similarly, you can find the guidelines that have been created and ongoing work of the LEAP Committee at https://www.fao. org/coag/documents/en
I have thoroughly enjoyed my time attending these meetings, and it makes me so happy to see the livestock sectors being discussed so positively at the global level. Even when it feels like all odds are against us, it’s important to remember there is work being done to increase, promote, and preserve the livestock industry. B
The last part of the COAG meetings I was able to take in was on the creation
@jeremypatzermpjeremypatzer.com
jeremypatzer@parl.gc.ca
Addition to the Team
After months of searching for the right candidate, Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association (SSGA) is pleased to welcome Olena Mudriievska as the organization’s newly-appointed accounting and office administrator.
We wanted to get to know her and introduce her to our readers, so we asked her to describe herself by answering two questions.
What would you like people to know about you?
I am originally from Eastern Ukraine, moved directly to Regina, where I fell in love with Saskatchewan’s nature, landscapes, and stunning sunsets, which remind me of my homeland. Currently, I reside in White City with my husband Ken, daughter Dasha and our rescued dog Lady.
I am a curious and lifelong learner. You’ll often find me immersed in nonfiction books, watching documentaries, and driving while listening to podcasts and courses.
I hold a diploma from Art College, a Business Commerce degree, and other certificates that reflect my desire to expand my professional knowledge. I have experience in accounting and
bookkeeping, taxation, logistics, sales, administration, and management.
I enjoy gardening and I am passionate about flowers, plants and trees. I love hiking and capturing thousands of photos of nature. I also enjoy travelling with my husband and daughter, meeting new people, and exploring historical sites, museums and diverse architecture. Music is also one of my great passions.
I frequently take my dog for walks along the White Butte Trails, and I always make sure to hurry home to catch Saskatchewan’s breathtaking sunsets.
What interests you in working for SSGA?
Working with SSGA interests me for several reasons.
The opportunity to be part of an organization that plays a pivotal role in advocating for and supporting the agricultural community in Saskatchewan is highly appealing.
I greatly respect SSGA’s commitment to protecting the interests of producers in the cattle industry here in Saskatchewan. Ensuring choices in local food quality and availability is vital, and supporting those who make these options possible is essential.
Additionally, I look forward to working with entrepreneurial and strong-minded, dedicated professionals that share a commitment to the agricultural sector.
I believe my relationship-building, process improvement, and strategic thinking skills would allow me to make meaningful contributions to SSGA’s mission.
The chance to work in an environment where I can continue to grow professionally, build new professional relationships and contribute to the organization’s success is particularly motivating.
Effective immediately, please contact Olena for your office-related inquiries by telephone at 306-757-8523 and email at office@skstockgrowers.com.
Welcome to the team, Olena. We look forward to working with you!
Olena Mudriievska Accounting and Office Administrator Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association White City, SK
Between now and December 31st, 2024 active Members of the SSGA will receive a $1,250 Young’s Equipment Gift Card for Parts and/ or Service at any Young’s Equipment location with the purchase of any of the following new units:
- Case IH MFD Loader Tractor (60-185 HP)
- Case IH RB565 Round Baler
- NDE Vertical Mixer
- Highline BP60 series Bale Pro®
In addition to that, we will donate $250 per unit sold to the Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association to support their formidable cause.
Tigers on the Prairies—The Story of Saskatchewan’s Only Native Salamander
Carolyn Gaudet and Shirley Bartz
The Western Tiger Salamander ( Ambystoma mavortium) is the only native species of salamander in Saskatchewan. They are one of the largest salamanders in North America, often measuring around 20 centimetres long, but can reach up to 30 centimetres (12 inches).
They have a broad, flat head with small eyes. Adults have a dark body, usually olive-green to black, with a barred or web-like pattern of black lines and irregular splotches of off-white, yellow or greenish patches.
Tiger Salamanders can be elusive as they are nocturnal amphibians, and may only move around at night or following a significant period of rain. They can be found in a wide range of habitats, including grasslands, aspen parkland, low-elevation meadows, and semideserts. Their preferred habitat tends to have key features including sandy or crumbly soils, and semi-permanent to permanent waterbodies without predatory fish (ECCC, 2023).
Soil texture is important because it allows salamanders to dig underground during the summer season when daytime temperatures are too hot for them to be aboveground. Tiger Salamanders also use small mammal burrows (such as those of Richardson’s ground squirrel), as a refuge during the day or as a place to spend the winter.
All salamanders are ectotherms, which means their body temperature is dependent on ambient air and ground temperature. Burrows provide an escape from heat and tend to be more humid than the surface of the ground, which allows salamanders to regulate both their body temperature and skin moisture. Because Tiger Salamanders are unable to metabolically-control their body temperature, they must overwinter deep underground to avoid freezing.
In the spring, soon after ice-melt, adults migrate to breeding sites in wetlands, lakes, ponds and slow-moving streams with no fish. Females lay eggs singly or in
small clusters attached to twigs or stems, just below the water’s surface. The aquatic larvae hatch two to three weeks later and live underwater, breathing through feathery gills around their heads.
These aquatic larvae undergo metamorphosis into terrestrial juveniles after three to four months, depending on water temperature, food availability and other factors (as shown in a video of closely-related Eastern Tiger Salamander development at “Egg to Salamander” within NatureNorth.com).
Because many prairie waterbodies only hold water through the spring and part of summer, water temperatures rise and water depths decrease as the season passes. During this progression, the salamander’s gills shrink away, much like a frog or toad tadpole’s tail. Eventually, juvenile salamanders emerge from their natal wetland, with no gills, breathing through lungs that will support their terrestrial life-form.
Salamander on the prairie NA Cairns: “Western Tiger Salamanders occur in the southern portions of Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba in a wide range of habitats. (c) NA Cairns
Juvenile salamanders migrate from their breeding site into terrestrial habitats in late summer, and only return to breeding sites when they are mature adults, four to five years later. Adult salamanders are not aquatic but they do need to maintain moist skin; so, they spend most of their time underground. Wetlands and other waterbodies are important for their survival.
Both larvae and adults are carnivorous and opportunistic predators, feeding on a wide range of small prey like tiny aquatic invertebrates and tadpoles to worms, beetles, leeches, snails and the occasional frog. Adult salamanders can also eat small mammals like young mice. Salamanders will act as top predator in fishless habitats, helping to control invertebrate abundance and influence nutrient cycles.
The introduction of fish into waterways can be devastating for populations of salamanders and other amphibians, whose eggs are vulnerable to predation. Salamanders also have their place as
Neat Facts:
• The Plains Cree people relate that some stories should not be told unless there is snow on the ground. Breaking this taboo risks a visit from Osikiyâwis (salamander), who will crawl into their sleeping blankets at night (Favel, 2018).
• Unlike frogs, Tiger Salamanders do not produce vocalizations. There is evidence that they communicate with each other using touch, including nose and head bumping, and cheek-pressing (Chernoff, 2019).
• If a young Tiger Salamander does not experience a drawdown of water depth, and if food is plentiful (in lakes or large slow-moving rivers), the juvenile can progress to an adult stage while still retaining their fringe of gills for the rest of their aquatic life.
prey in the food web, as the larvae are a food source for fish, aquatic invertebrates, dragonflies, and beetles—and adult salamanders are a food source for coyotes, snakes and some birds.
The Prairie/Boreal population of Western Tiger Salamanders has been listed as a species of Special Concern. Threats to this species arise from habitat loss and fragmentation associated with agricultural, oil and gas development; and urban expansion; all of which can cause disruption of migration routes, mortality on roads, and a decrease in the quality of breeding and upland habitat for larvae and adult salamanders.
Salamander close up NA Cairns: “Western Tiger Salamanders are nocturnal amphibians, and tend to only move around at night or following a significant period of rain. (c) NA Cairns
REFERENCES
Chernoff, E.A.G. and J. Macke. 2017.Tiger Salamanders and Mammals: Underground Companions? Expanded version of the article printed in Nature Notes No. 4. https://peecnature.org/salamanders/
In addition to threats to salamander habitat, fish stocking and emerging diseases, such as a species-specific virus can decimate local populations (ECCC, 2023).
One way to help salamanders is to maintain intact native vegetation around breeding ponds. Land owners and range managers can protect and maintain wetlands by preventing sedimentation, degradation and drainage through fencing livestock away from ponds, wetlands and streams. By providing livestock with access points to waterbodies or alternative off-channel water development, most or all of the shoreline or streambank can be protected.
These beneficial management practices will protect Tiger Salamanders, and will support other aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates by maintaining healthy food webs and intact native prairie ecosystems.
Chernoff, E.A.G., 2019. “Greeting” Behavior in Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum and Ambystoma mavortium mavortium), https://www.caudata.org/ cc/articles/tiger_salamander_greeting_ behavior.pdf
Favel, Tom. 2018. Elder, Kawacatoose First Nation. Ed. Andrew M. Miller. Touchwood Tribal Council Community Stories. https:// www.fnuniv.ca/academic/faculty/drandrew-m-miller/
Environment and Climate Change Canada. 2023. Management Plan for the Western Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma mavortium), Prairie/Boreal Population, in Canada [Proposed]. Species at Risk Act Management Plan Series. Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa. v + 43 pp.
Nature North, 2016. “Egg to Salamander”, posted by Doug Collicutt via Nature North Critter Video, YouTube https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=u7HYzzVGquo
Vegetation Varies and Why That Matters
If anyone understands grasslands, it’s the ranchers that steward them on a daily basis. They understand when and how the water flows through them, the way they respond to grazing, and where livestock seek shelter from the wind, pests and storms. This knowledge can also include what grasses or shrubs are active on the rangelands, and is typically passed down through generations.
Information regarding the vegetation on rangelands can greatly influence the way they are grazed. This is why understanding what grasses, forbs and other plants that are found on your rangelands can be important for the long-term health of the grassland. Saskatchewan Stock Growers Foundation (SSGF) can assist grassland managers in various ways, but typically begin with completing rangeland assessments on their pastures.
A large component of the assessments is focused on the vegetation, but also includes the hydrologic function, site stability and erosion. For vegetation, we take note of the expected plant communities for that area and then compare it to the actual plants we are seeing in the pasture. Comparing these two can show us if there are signs of increased disturbance from environmental pressures, such as drought, heavy grazing, or a combination.
When we are looking at the individual plant species that are populating the area, we include how abundant they are. Some grass species, like Northern Wheatgrass or Porcupine Grass, are preferred and will decline under heavy-grazing pressure and we refer to these as decreasers. They are typically highly-productive and more palatable for livestock.
On the other hand, we also have increaser plants that will increase under heavy disturbance or grazing pressure. These are plants such as Prairie Sage or Blue Grama Grass. Each grass, forb and shrub species plays a vital role in the overall biodiversity of the grasslands and how capable they are of supporting livestock grazing. Taking
Mindy Hockley-Anderson
note of small changes over time, and understanding why they are happening, can ensure the grasslands will support livestock for many years to come.
Once we identify which grasses, forbs and shrubs are present, another important aspect for ranchers is to understand the forage value of them. This may be why some grasses in your pasture are being hit harder by grazing while others are left for last. The palatability and the quality of forage can come into play. There could be large amounts of grass present, but if they have poor forage quality, the livestock that are grazing there may need to be supplemented to raise healthy offspring and rebreed for the next year.
For example, if an area is being grazed harder than normal, you may notice an increase in June Grass or Blue Grama, and these will still provide good forage value; although, depending on the ecosite, they shouldn’t dominate the population.
Opposite of that, if an area is being highlydisturbed and Prairie Sage is beginning to take over, that will only provide fair to poor forage value for livestock and alter the ability to graze that pasture.
We also evaluate the layers that are present, which include a mixture of shrubs, forbs, grasses of various heights and the ground cover. Grasslands are known for their incredible diversity and host a variety of plants that differ in size, structure, height and depth and/or composition of roots.
The lichen and club moss cover on grasslands is also considered a layer because they contribute to the soil armour and the ability for the soil to hold onto moisture. When layers are missing, it can indicate stress.
During the assessment, if any invasive species are seen, we include them in the report. Some common invasive species are Leafy Spurge, Common Burdock and Canada Thistle; but, this section of the evaluation also includes non-native grasses such as Crested Wheatgrass and
Kentucky Bluegrass. Management for the non-native grasses is approached differently than the invasive weeds.
In regards to Kentucky Bluegrass, it is not native but still serves a purpose as a grazing resource, and elimination is nearly impossible. You cannot selectively graze or spray it; so, we accept its presence, but also acknowledge it does greatly decrease the overall biodiversity of the native grasslands.
Having SSGF come out and complete an assessment can be a stepping stone into making changes for increasing the production of your pasture. Rangeland assessments are looked at as a snapshot in time and there is no judgement associated with the results.
From here, we can look at projects such as cross fencing to protect the warmer season grasses from being grazed too early or rejuvenating a tame grass stand— so, you can defer your native grass until later in the year.
These plans may only be small alterations to the current management strategies the landowner is using. Regardless, we focus on a practical and collaborative approach the landowner can implement with success.
Overall, SSGF can be looked at as a resource for landowners to reach out to—so, they can identify the needs of their grasslands before conditions decline. We can also assist landowners in funding projects necessary to make longterm positive changes, and to provide informational resources for them to make sound management decisions.
If you have a project in mind for your grasslands or want to learn more about funding opportunities, contact us for more information.
Email: communications@ssgf.ca
Phone: 306-530-1385
Web: www.ssgf.ca B
The Saskatchewan Stock Growers Foundation has programs and funding available for landowners to protect and improve native grasslands while focusing on keeping ranchers in control of their land.
Examples include cross fencing for increased grazing management, invasive weed control, livestock water system development, seeding native grass and much more!
Term Conservation Easements
Habitat Management Agreements
Habitat Restoration Agreements
Results Based Agreements
Grass Banks
CALENDAR
ADVERTISER INDEX
THE EXECUTIVE
Jeff Yorga
President Flintoft, SK Phone: 306-531-5717
Kelly Williamson
1st Vice President
Pambrun, SK Phone: 306-582-7774
Henry McCarthy
2nd Vice President Wawota, SK Phone: 306-577-8091
Garner Deobald Past President Hodgeville, SK Phone: 306- 677-7777
Chay Anderson
Finance Chair Fir Mountain, SK Phone: 306-640-7087
Find email contact for the Executive Directors at skstockgrowers.com
SSGA BOARD OF DIRECTORS
DIRECTORS AT LARGE
Neil Block, Abbey, SK
306-587-7806
Gerry Delorme, Assiniboia, SK 306-640-7493
Calvin Gavelin, McCord, SK 306-478-7748
Joe Gilchrist, Maple Creek, SK 306-662-3986
Adrienne Hanson, Langbank, SK 306-421-8538
Lance Hockley, Yellowgrass, SK 306-891-8189
Gord Kozroski, Gull Lake, SK 306-672-7463
Kelly Lightfoot, Assiniboia, SK 306-642-8977
Kurtis Reid, Martensville, SK 306-220-2226
Lee Sexton, Hanley, SK 306-544-2660
Chris Williamson, Mankota, SK 306-478-7036
Kelly Williamson, Pambrun, SK 306-582-7774
ZONE CHAIR DIRECTORS
Zone 1 - Henry McCarthy, Wawota, SK
306-739-2205
Zone 2 - Karen McKim, Milestone, SK 306-436-4616
Zone 3 - Larry Flaig, Assiniboia, SK 306-266-2070
Zone 4 - Brad Howe, Empress, AB 306-661-0409
Zone 5 - Aaron Huber, Lipton, SK 306-331-0097
Zone 6 - Dave McKenzie, Delisle, SK 306-493-8127
Zone 7 - Darcy Moen, Kyle, SK 306-962-3944
Zone 12 - Chay Anderson, Fir Mountain, SK 306-640-7087
AFFILIATE DIRECTORS
Garner Deobald - SK Charolais Affiliate 306-677-2589
Gord Ell - SaskMilk Affiliate 306-535-1922
Kyron Manske - SK Simmental Affiliate 306-267-7530 Marlene Monvoisin - SK Angus Affiliate 306-648-8200 Rob O’Connor - SK Hereford Affiliate 306-550-4890 Ray Rintoul - SK Shorthorn Affiliate 306-917-7805 Ian Thackeray - Man-Sask Gelbvieh Affiliate 306-861-7687 Gord Schroeder - SK Sheep Affiliate 306-933-5582 Jeff Yorga - SK Limousin Affiliate 306-531-5717 APPOINTED DIRECTOR Dr. Andy Acton - Veterinary Advisor, Ogema, SK 306-459-2422 SASKATCHEWAN CCA DIRECTORS
