2017 Chester County Antiques Show

in

april 7 8 9 th

th

th

letter from the presenting corporate sponsor

Dear Friends, On behalf of PECO, thank you for supporting the Chester County Historical Society (CCHS) and joining us for the 2017 Chester County Antiques Show. For the past 10 years, PECO has proudly supported CCHS as the presenting corporate sponsor of the Antiques Show, one of the largest exhibitions in Southeastern Pennsylvania.

CCHS is widely recognized as one of the Commonwealth’s premier history museums and educational centers, as it plays an integral role in history education, cultural diversity and also provides a positive economic impact for the region.

At PECO, we are powering our region today and reimagining the future of energy for tomorrow. Part of this effort is our investment in innovative arts and cultural programming, like that offered by CCHS, across the communities we serve.

We remain deeply grateful for the efforts of those who contribute their time, energy and expertise to the Historical Society, including President Elizabeth Laurent and our very own Charles White, director of Utility Performance Assessment, who serves on the CCHS Board.

We also applaud this year’s Antiques Show Chairs — Francis “Fran” B. Jacobs II and Chuck and June Piola — for their exceptional commitment to the success of the show and their dedication to CCHS. We hope you enjoy the wonderful selection of antique items and continue your support of the Chester County Historical Society throughout the year!

Sincerely,

Craig L. Adams Executive Vice President, Exelon President and CEO, PECO

letter from the president

Dear Friends, Welcome to the 35th Annual Chester County Antiques Show, held in support of Chester County Historical Society (CCHS). As new CCHS President, I am excited to experience my first Chester County show! The event is the Society’s primary fundraiser, allowing us to share the allure of history by celebrating our connection to significant and beautiful objects of the past.

We are deeply appreciative of PECO’s President and CEO Craig Adams’s leadership in being our Presenting Corporate Sponsor for the eleventh consecutive year. We are inspired by PECO’s generous, ongoing support of CCHS’s mission and are especially grateful to Romona Riscoe Benson (Director of Corporate Relations), and our wonderful CCHS Trustee, Charlie White (Exelon’s Director of Utility Project Management).

For many months, members of our dedicated Antiques Show Committee have been working to create an unforgettable experience. We are grateful to this year’s Co-Chairs, Francis B. Jacobs II, and June and Charles B. Piola Jr., who have supplied leadership, encouragement and humor. We are thankful for the staff and many volunteers who make every aspect of the show run smoothly, allowing us all to enjoy moments of learning, camaraderie and beauty. We appreciate Show Manager Wesley Sessa and this year’s exhibitors, representing twelve states, who make the show possible.

Show proceeds support CCHS’s many activities. We have entered the final design phase for the Society’s widelyanticipated, new multi-gallery exhibit Chester County: A Place in History. Our building has been filled with hundreds of middle and high school students from Delaware and Chester Counties along with teachers, parents, and volunteer judges, to compete in the 28th annual National History Day. We partnered with Longwood Gardens to present a lecture program “Legacy of Plant Exploration” linked to our current exhibition The Visionary World of Humphry Marshall 1750 – 1800 featuring the monumental paintings of Chester County painter Adrian Martinez.

We are showcasing some of the Society’s notable textile collection with the exhibit Quilts, the Next Layer.

Our museum and library staff have embraced technology with the Society’s first online placement of data and images of more than 30,000 historic documents, photographs and artifacts. There will never be a substitute for seeing original objects at CCHS, but the online project gives us a twenty-first century world-wide presence for folks who may never come to West Chester.

One of many things that continue to impress and inspire me is the positive experience folks of all ages have when they come through the CCHS doors. Adults leave smiling about something they saw or experienced; groups of school children leave happily chattering about what they learned. The Society’s programs and events touch people’s lives and make our community a better place.

Thank you for welcoming me into the CCHS community. Let’s enjoy the show!

With sincere appreciation,

Elizabeth Laurent President

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TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S

F E AT U R E S T O R I E S

Show Schedule........................................ 3

Hoopes Bro & Thomas Company ...... 10-17

Individual and Corporate Supporters..... 4-5

Native American Seeds in the Chester

Antiques Show Committee.................... 6-7

County Tradition ............................. 18-25

Board of Trustees & With Gratitude......... 8

USER GUIDES

CCHS General Information.................... 9

Advertisers............................................. 26

2017 antiques show schedule

preview party

friday, april 7 th 5:00pm vip early admission | 6:00pm regul ar admission feat uring cocktails, hors d’oeuvre s & ligh t buffe t provided by jimmy duffy cat ering

saturday, april 8 th

sunday, april 9th

gourmet café 10:00am - 5:30pm

gourmet café 11:00am - 4:30pm

11:00am - 5:00pm

10:00am - 6:00pm

featuring exceptional 18th and 19th century american and continental furniture, rugs, paintings, ceramics, glass, silver, jewelry, needlework and other decorative arts.

A Bird in Hand Antiques Bill Kelly Antiques Britannia House Antiques D.M. DeLaurentis Antiques Dennis Raleigh Antiques & Folk Art Dixon- Hall Fine Art Dover House Antiques Dubey’s Art & Antiques Edward J. Rayeur Antiques Gary Sergeant Antiques, LLC Greg K. Kramer & Co. H.L. Chalfant American Fine Art & Antiques Hanes & Ruskin Antiques Heller Washam Antiques Hilary & Paulette Nolan Holly Peters Oriental Rugs

James Gallagher James M. Kilvington, Inc. Johanna Antiques John H. Rogers Antiques Joseph J. Lodge Leatherwood Antiques Lorraine Wambold Fine Estate Jewelry Malcolm Magruder Marc Witus Antiques Mark & Marjorie Allen Antiques Michael Gunselman Antiques Mid-Atlantic Antiques Neverbird Antiques Philip H. Bradley Co. Quadrifoglio Gallery Oriental Rugs R.M. Worth Antiques, Inc.

special events

Roger D. Winter, Ltd. School House Farm Antiques Steven Smoot Antiques & Navajo Textiles The Federalist Antiques The Hanebergs Antiques The Norwoods’ Spirit of America Thistlethwaite Americana Thomas Brown Antiques Van Tassel - Baumann American Antiques Vilnis & Co. Antiques W.M. Schwind Jr. Antiques & Fine Art Wesley T. Sessa Antiques West Pelham Antiques William Hutchison William R. & Teresa F. Kurau Whitman Antiques

sponsored by saul ewing llp

the mary elizabeth robinson memorial lectures

saturday, april 8 th

saturday, april 8 th

1:00pm “thy sincer cousen”

3:00pm ladies in the landsc ape jenny rose carey

john bartr am, humphry marshall, & early americ an botany

joel fry

senior director, pa horticultural society meadowbrook farm

curator, bartram’s garden

sunday, april 9 th 11:00am –1:00pm

expert appraisals

($5 per item with paid admission) appraisals sponsored by elizabeth laurent & larry dame

general admission saturday & sunday $15.00 includes show catalog, lectures & parking ChesterCoHistorical.org 2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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individual and corporate supporters

Pre sen t ing Corporat e Sponsor

Host Sponsor

Cat ering Sponsor

The Phelps School

Jimmy Duffy’s Catering

Hospi tali t y Sui t e Sponsor

Café Sponsors

DNB First

Chuck & June Piola

“Tulips” Show Theme Sponsor

Ten t Sponsors

Penelope P. Wilson

Matt & Anne Hamilton

Invi tat ion Sponsor

Securi t y Sponsor

L. Gordon Walker

West Chester Downtown Foundation

Décor Sponsors

Support ing Sponsors

John & Sandy Nesbitt Mr. & Mrs. John Stoviak Main Line Gardens The Haverford Trust

Antiques & Fine Art Magazine The Magazine Antiques Local Living Magazine Local Living Woman Magazine

Silver Pat ron Sponsor Glenmede Trust

Vale t Parking Sponsors

Lect ure s Sponsor

Franny & Franny Abbott

Saul Ewing LLP

Beer & Spiri t s Sponsors

Heat ing Sponsor

P.J. Whelihan’s & The Pour House

Brandywine Valley Heating & Air Conditioning

Dealers’ Sunday Supper Sponsors

Florist Sponsor Blue Moon Florist

Ida & Tom McIntyre Kristine & Jason Lisi

De ssert Sponsor

Appraisal Sponsors

Arthur Hall Insurance

Elizabeth Laurent & Larry Dame

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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individual and corporate supporters

VI P Admission Sponsors Gawthrop Greenwood, PC Piper Jaffray & Co. Lamb McErlane PC

Advert ising Sponsors Brandywine Valley Heating & Air Conditioning Martyn & Grete Greenwood

Media & Communicat ions Sugartown Communications The Daily Local News

Marke t ing & De sign Smithworks Design Communications

Media Sponsors Today Media / Main Line Today / Delaware Today Fig Industries

Home & Table Magazine Bucks County Magazine Montgomery County Magazine Chester County Life Magazine

County Lines Magazine The Hunt Magazine Vista TODAY

Pat rons Francis B. Jacobs II Drs. Mian & Amber Jan, West Chester Cardiology June & Chuck Piola John & Holly Stoviak L. Gordon Walker

Franny & Franny Abbott Charles C. & Jane S. Brosius The Bryn Mawr Trust Company Martyn & Grete Greenacre Jane Ann & Jack Hornberger

Part ners Elizabeth Laurent & Larry Dame Kristine & Jason Lisi Ida & Tom McIntyre

~

List complete as of March 20, 2017

~

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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2017 chester county antiques show committee

Show Chairs Francis “Fran” B. Jacobs II Chuck & June Piola

Show Manager Wesley T. Sessa

Advisory Chairs

Founding Chair

Parking

John & Sandra Nesbitt

Michael Pillagalli

Dan Lindley

Appraisals

Floor De sign

Phelps School Liaisons

Valerie Holliday Elizabeth Laurent

Susan & Dale Frens

Stephany Phelps Fahey Chris Northrup Ida McIntyre Taylor Perkins

Dealer Hospi tali t y Vicki McKeefery Carol Samuelson

Lect ure s Ellen Endslow

Photography Marke t ing Creat ive

Advert ising Sale s L. Gordon Walker Charles “Chuck” Piola

Edi tor Laurie Rofini

Eric & Susan Smith, Heather Johnson, Smithworks Design Communications

Media Sale s Joan Ford Goldschmidt, Sugartown Communications

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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Ed Huberty Paula Miller

Pre sen t ing Corporat e Sponsor Liaisons Romona Riscoe Benson Michele Garrity Charles White

2017 chester county antiques show committee

Preview Part y Chair Holly Stoviak

Preview Part y Judi Garst Sandra Nesbitt Sidney Spahr

Show Finance Francis “Fran� B. Jacobs II Conrad Olenik

Show Floral Arrangemen t s Claire Daniels Nancy Holman Sidney Spahr

Signage Tom McIntyre Scott Sanders

Social Media & Websi t e Manager Brittany Deeney

Sponsorship, Sale s & Communicat ion Manager Sylvia Bastani

Sunday Supper for Dealers Kristine & Jason Lisi Ida & Tom McIntyre

Volun t eer & Gue st Service s Manager Susan Johnstone

OTANY

in

board of trustees of the chester county historical society

Chair

Vice-Chair

George C. Zumbano, Esq.

Charles H. White

Treasurer

Secre tary

George C. Werner

Francis B. Jacobs II

C C H S Pre siden t Elizabeth Laurent Dr. Mian Jan Caroline Bentley

Susan Johnstone

Charles C. Piola

Domenic L. D’Ginto

Belin Robertson

Senator Andrew E. Dinniman, Ed.D.

Commissioner Michelle H. Kichline

William Ronayne

Grete Greenacre

Regina Lewis

James C. Sargent, Jr.

William Hieb

Thomas H. McIntyre

L. Gordon Walker

Sandra Nesbitt

with gratitude In sincere appreciation to the members of our 2017 Chester County Antiques Committee for their leadership, commitment and support! The 2017 Chester County Antiques Show Committee would like to thank the following businesses and individuals who have contributed to the 2017 Antiques Show:

Catalog Art icle Con t ribu tors Diane P. Rofini, (1955-2016) Librarian, Chester County Historical Society William Woys Weaver, PhD

Alber Haff Parking Services E-Tent Panera Bread WAWA West Chester Business Improvement District Willistown Township Police

The Chester County Historical Society wishes to express gratitude to The Phelps School for hosting the 2017 Antiques Show.

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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cchs general information

M I S S I O N S TAT E M E N T The Chester County Historical Society (CCHS) inspires, informs, and builds community identity by preserving and sharing the remarkable story of Chester County and its people.

Chester County Historical Society 225 North High Street | West Chester, PA 19380 610-692-4800 | ChesterCoHistorical.org museum, library and shop hours:

Tuesday – Saturday, 9:30AM – 4:30PM

general admission to the museum and library:

CCHS Members receive free admission Adults (age 18 and older): $6.00

Senior Citizens (age 65 and up): $6.00 Students (with ID): $5.00 Children (age 6-17): $4.00 Children (age 5 and under): Free

Chester County Archives 601 Westtown Road, Suite 80 | West Chester, PA 19380 610-344-6760 | chesco.org/archives archives hours:

Monday – Friday, 9:00AM – 4:00PM Free to the public CCHS administers the Chester County Archives in cooperation with the County of Chester.

{ exhibit

at cchs }

open through december 15, 2017 Adrian Martinez Presents the Visionary World of Humphry Marshall 1750-1800 2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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Diane P. Rofini

Plant illustrations from folding books used by Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas sales representatives.

Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas was

once the largest

nursery in Pennsylvania. It had its origins in the modest one-acre West Chester nursery and simple greenhouse established in 1853

by Josiah Hoopes. Hoopes, the oldest son of Pierce and Sarah (Andrews) Hoopes, was born in West Chester in 1832. In 1835 Pierce moved his family to Philadelphia, where he became a successful lumber merchant. The family returned to West Chester in 1850; three

West Goshen from Curtis

years later Josiah began his nursery business.

H. Hannum in 1908, its

Josiah’s

nursery

was

located

family

property

near

Anthony

school

on

Boot

Road.

on

total size grew to 800 acres,

the

making it one of the largest

Bolmar’s

horticultural nurseries in

Advertisements

the United States. In addition to multiple

for the early nursery show that Hoopes sold

vegetable

plants,

grapevines,

greenhouses, the grounds had a storage cellar

fruit

for bulbs and roots and a large packing house.

and ornamental trees as well as flowering

An 1870 account of a visit by Mr. J. W. Wood

plants such as roses, verbenas, and dahlias.

of Washington Heights, NY, was published

He was also willing to arrange bouquets of

in Gardener’s Monthly and provides a good

flowers “furnished at the shortest notice.” In

overview of the nursery’s appearance. Mr.

1857 Hoopes’s only brother, Abner, joined

Wood described seeing upon entering the gate

the business and the firm became known as

“a large specimen bed of Rhododendrons in

Hoopes & Bro. With the addition of George

full bloom.” In front of the propagating houses

Brinton Thomas in 1866 as an “office partner,”

were a series of circular beds, containing castor

the firm became Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas.

oil plant, varieties of cannas, beefsteak plant,

The nursery’s size varied over the years, as land

periwinkle, and Lobelia. Another bed was

was bought or leased. By 1875, it was 300 acres.

filled with scarlet geraniums. Other plants he

When the nursery purchased 335 acres in

noted included varieties of Weigela, Forsythia,

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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Spiraea, Columbine, Iris, Clematis, Magnolia,

and agents. These sales agents worked in

and a “plant which I have not seen for thirty

different parts of the country, traveling to

years,” Salvia pratensis [meadow clary]. The

sell stock and to solicit orders. Some agents

grounds also featured “row after row of fine

would come to the nursery to supervise the

young stock of evergreens,” “two or three

packing and filling of their customers’ orders.

varieties of Copper Beech,” and “one of the

Vast quantities of stock were sent out in this

finest trees of the white Spruce I have ever seen.”

fashion. By 1891, the nursery had seventy-

The nursery grounds were open to the public

five traveling salesmen working in fourteen

and were a popular destination for a local walk.

states, including those as far west and north as Minnesota and as far south as Alabama.

As a large nursery, Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas

There was also an agent who sold plants to

was an active employer. In 1891, there were

clients in Mexico, using a nursery catalog

about 300 employees. Most of the work was

printed in Spanish. Plants to fill his orders

seasonal. In the spring large numbers of men

took three months to arrive from West Chester.

would arrive and then leave after the spring work was completed. The work force was also

The stock sold by Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas

reduced at the beginning of winter. Jobs fell

came from many different sources. The

into many categories. There were propagators

nursery grew much of its own stock from

who grafted and budded trees, packers who

seeds or cuttings. They had a well-tended

worked filling orders, foremen, apprentices,

scion orchard to supply them with material

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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It was one of the

l argest horticultural

nurseries in the United States. trees; from Wayne County, Pennsylvania 25,000 hemlock and 10,000 maples; and from Skaneateles, New York 25,000 arborvitae, 10,000 balsam fir and 5,000 white pine.

They also traded extensively with European

for budding and grafting. Even so, no large

nurseries. While the West Chester firm was

nursery could be totally self-sufficient and

sending native American plants to England

Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas frequently relied on

and Germany, they, in turn, imported a large

stock from other growers. They were supplied

number of fruit tree stocks and ornamental

by nurseries in all parts of the United States.

plants from firms in France, England, and

In 1866 they ordered 1,800 raspberries

Germany. Orders were placed several times a

for propagating from a Rev. John Knox of

year with the firm of P. & E. Transon in Orleans,

Pittsburgh. That same year they ordered from

France for fruit tree stocks. An order from

Newburgh, New York enough scions of Ben

December 1866 requested 75,000 Mahaleb

Davis and Pryors apples to graft 500-1,000

cherry stocks and 5,000 pear stocks. They

Illustrations from folding books used by Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas sales representatives.

continued to trade with the firm, as an order for

Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas felt obligated to lodge

150,000 Mahaleb and 5,000 white birch trees

a complaint in 1868 regarding the condition of

in 1876 shows. Evidently, shipments received

their order from the British firm Stewart & Son:

from Transon Bros. arrived in fine shape after crossing the ocean: “Our French trees came in such splendid condition (as they always do), not a leaf dropped, not a plant moldy.” That was not always the case with other nurseries.

“Eight cases have arrived. …The larger portion are completely ruined, in fact rotted down in a mass. We have thrown the contents of some cases in the waste heap. All the boxes are more or less completely saturated with water excepting one. We firmly believe our goods to have been placed on the deck of

Open to the public and

a popular destination

for a local walk.

the steamer, exposed to all the vicissitudes of the weather….” (editor’s note: This must not have been typical, as the firm is still in operation today as Stewarts Garden Centres.)

In

general,

foreign

nurseries

supplied

Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas with cherry stocks (France), seeds (Germany), and specimen ornamental plants (Great Britain) that were not as easily obtained in the United States.

Another source of nursery material was through “amateur” collectors. These plant hunters appear to have been indispensable for filling the nursery’s orders for the wild lilies, ferns, orchids and insectivorous plants that were in demand by European nurseries.

That the plants did not always arrive in the best condition can be surmised from an 1875 letter to a South Carolina man who had shipped carnivorous plants to the nursery: “We do not wish and do not think you ought to be the loser in the Sarracenias [trumpet pitchers] sent us, neither do we think we should suffer by paying for plants that are wholly

worthless

through

bad

packing….”

The collector was urged to try again and was

given

packing

instructions

technique

of

on

the

proper

layering

plants

with damp moss in a paper-lined box.

Greenhouses were used to house tender plants such as canna and dahlias, as well as some specimen plants. Cuttings of evergreens, roses, and other greenhouse plants were rooted in benches that were filled with a special soil mixture. Once rooted, these cuttings were

from

transferred to small clay pots. The nursery

planted thickly in a bed and protected by

utilized large numbers of pots; an 1867 order

raised scaffolding covered with evergreen

to a Baltimore firm requested 18,000 pots,

branches about three feet above the bed.

of which 12,000 were 2" in diameter. Many

Rose cuttings, however, were grown in

plants were grown outside the greenhouses

hotbeds. To grow all these plants the nursery

in beds and cold frames. Beds were used

required large amounts of manure, so much

to raise young seedling evergreens such as

so that they had to ship it in by rail. The

hemlock spruce and American yew taken

manure was spread on fields and composted

the

woods.

The

seedlings

were

Left: Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas office building, 1900. Above: This detail from the Atlas of Chester Co. Pennsylvania (A. R. Witmer, 1874) shows the company’s location in the northeast corner of West Chester. It is identified by its original name, “Cherry Hill Nurseries.” To avoid confusion, the company later used the name “Maple Avenue Nurseries.”

with sods and soil to form “potting compost” or

also corresponded regularly with botanists in

plowed under to support apple and rose stock.

the Midwest and abroad. By the time The Book

The nursery tested a wide range of plants for hardiness and pest resistance, noting what type of soil was needed and how varieties responded to extreme temperatures.

The results of the nursery’s testing of evergreens contributed to Josiah Hoopes’s major

work,

The

Book

of

Evergreens;

a Practical Treatise on the Coniferae, or ConeBearing Plants, which he published in 1868.

of Evergreens was published, Hoopes had been in the nursery business for fifteen years. It was this combination of the scientific with the practical that helped make the book a success.

It was the first of its kind to be written by an American about conifers growing under American conditions. Every conifer that

would

survive

in

the

Mid-Atlantic

was listed by its scientific and common name. The text for each entry included

Hoopes had a lifelong interest in conifers,

information on the conifer’s suitability as

and credited local botanists Joshua Hoopes,

an ornamental, frequently augmented with

his cousin, and Dr. William Darlington with

Hoopes’s personal observations regarding

acquainting him with this group of plants. He

the tree’s success or failure at his nursery.

Much of the credit for the nursery’s success

belongs to its founder,

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

Josiah Hoopes.

After the death of Josiah Hoopes in 1904, the nursery continued until 1948, first under the direction of his brother Abner until 1920, and then under Abner’s son, Wilmer Worthington

Hoopes.

Under

Abner,

the

area served by the nursery shrank, and their trade became primarily confined to within a one-hundred-mile range of Philadelphia.

The company then lost nearly one quarter of its land in 1934, when 78 acres were condemned to

build

a

reservoir

for

East

Goshen.

For most of its years of operation, the size and scope of the nursery place it in the first order of Pennsylvania nurseries of the late 1800s. Much of the credit for the nursery’s success belongs to its founder, Josiah Hoopes.

More than a mere propagator of trees, Josiah Hoopes’s ability to look at growing plants with

Left: In this 1900 photograph, employees of Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas are preparing trees for shipping.

Above: Illustration from folding books used by Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas sales representatives.

a scientific and critical eye placed him in the

Below: Kelly O’Keefe Photography

front ranks of Pennsylvania horticulturalists.

All Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas illustrations are of items in the Chester County Historical Society collections.

Diane P. Rofini (1955-2016) was the librarian at Chester County Historical Society from 1997-2016. Earlier in her career she worked at CCHS as a project archivist and manuscripts cataloger. Diane was particularly interested in the history of botany and horticulture. In 2000 she curated the CCHS exhibit “Animal, Vegetable & Mineral: The World of Chester County Naturalists.”

This article was adapted from her 1986 M.A. thesis “The Role of Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Nursery of West Chester, Pennsylvania in American Horticulture (1853-1920),” at West Chester University, by her sister, Laurie A. Rofini, who is the Director of Chester County Archives and Records Services. The complete thesis is available to researchers at the CCHS Library.

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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IN THE

CHESTER COUNTY TRADITION William Woys Weaver, PhD

Early American squash from our region including Mt. Yummy, Unami, and Lenape White Warted

Figure 1

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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NATIVE AMERICAN SEEDS IN THE CHESTER COUNTY TRADITION

It may come as a surprise to many local horticulturists that Chester County is home to one of the largest collections of Native American

and colonial seeds in Pennsylvania. Begun in West Chester in 1932, my grandfather H. Ralph Weaver assembled a wide range of regional heirloom seeds from relatives and friends. After his death, I continued to build the collection so that today it represents about 4,500 rare

heirloom food plants. Many of these varieties are unique to the collection which now functions as a non-profit seed archive housed at the historic Lamb Tavern in Easttown Township. For more on the archive please refer to our website at www.roughwoodseeds.org.

The energy or synergy that brought

plant observations are in some

acquired from the Webb family in

it all together traces directly to

ways as timely today as they were

Northbrook who owned the farm

Chester County’s Quaker roots

when he first published them.

on which Hannah lived for many

and a long-standing Quaker

Furthermore, let us not forget

years, jolted me into the realization

commitment to stewardship of

Hugh E. Stone’s 1945 Flora of

that there was probably a lot more

the environment. I need only

Chester County which attempted

“out there” to be discovered. I was

mention Humphry Marshall, who

to bring our local botanical profile

not disappointed.

is being honored in an exhibition

up to date.

currently on view at Chester County Historical Society, but also his biographer Dr. William Darlington, whose 1837 Flora

Cestrica I inherited from his niece (my great-great grandmother) Susan Darlington Hannum. This is one of the most treasured books in my garden library and, remarkable as it may seem, Dr. Darlington’s

The late Sarah Kaulback, whose

Unfortunately none of the

family owned the White Horse

published botanical literature

Tavern in Great Valley, not only

took into account what Chester

provided me with the original 1820s

Countians were actually

tavern cookbooks, but the actual

growing or the vast list of early

beans the family used on their

Pennsylvania heirloom vegetables

tavern menus. This included the

that have been quietly preserved

White Horse Tavern Bean (probably

by families all across the

known by many different local

county. My grandfather’s Indian

names in the 1800s), Walker’s Great

Hannah Bean (Figure 2), which he

Valley Long Pod (from the Quaker

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Walker family of Valley Forge; Figure 3 ), Beaumont’s

anything connected with William Penn. Aside from

Gray Snap Bean (grown by Thomas Jefferson;

its association with Penn’s treaty with the Indians

Figure 4), and the Octarora Cornfield Bean preserved

(hence the name Shackamaxon where the treaty

from the 1820s by members of Sadsbury Friends

took place), the colorful dried bean pods were

Meeting. Quakers have also been involved in the

used by the Lenape to make red and blue dyes.

preservation of two other rare local bean varieties.

A fuller story of this bean is outlined in my book

Heirloom Vegetable Gardening.

Back in the 1970s the late Mary Larkin Thomas gave me seeds for the Blue Shackamaxon pole bean

Another rare pole bean whose pods were also used

which she had been growing for many years on a

for dying is Purple Kingsessing, which is perhaps the

garden plot near the former High Street School

oldest documented bean in the Roughwood Seed

in West Chester. Her mother, Rebecca Hallowell

Archive (Figure 5). Also known as Lenape Bread Bean

Thomas of New Garden, had visited the site of

(it was ground for flour), the bean traces back to a

Pennsbury Manor in 1906 and acquired the seed

Swedish settlement at Kingsessing in what is now

from Mahlon Moon, a local Bucks County Quaker

southwest Philadelphia. The bean appears to have

interested in horticulture and history, especially

followed the movement of Swedes and Lenape into

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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NATIVE AMERICAN SEEDS IN THE CHESTER COUNTY TRADITION

Figure 8

Chester and Berks Counties, then on to western

Among the Delaware of Oklahoma we have

Pennsylvania. It was found among the Cornplanter

collected Sehsapsing (black flint corn for hominy

Senecas of Warren County by well-known Indian

and grits), Puhwem (flour corn), Psindamocin Corn

activist Theodore Brinton Hetzel (1906-1990) who

(blue sweet corn for parching), Mother Corn

passed it on to me in 1981.

(a speckled sweet corn; Figure 5), Masked Dance (a violet sweet corn; Figure 5), Royal Minquas (a violet

All of these heirloom beans match up with known

flour corn), and from the Iroquois, Tooth Corn

varieties of Delaware Indian horticulture or with

(Figure 6), which was the most popular flour

Seneca varieties documented by anthropologists

corn planted in southeastern Pennsylvania

in the early 1900s. Both Nations shared seeds so it

during the period 1760s-1860s. Locals called

is not easy to presuppose who gave what to whom.

it Gourd Seed Corn.

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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NATIVE AMERICAN SEEDS IN THE CHESTER COUNTY TRADITION

While there is some documentary

grown in our region, including

patrimony inherited from the

material on the ancient corns,

the beautiful Nanticoke Pumpkin

native peoples who once lived

little has been written in historical

(Figure 8) and the black-green

here – and how quickly the Lenape

records about squash. This remains

Appoquinnamink Squash.

shifted from hunter gatherers to

one of the most tenuous areas of historical research because colonists for the most part did not like the many varieties of squash grown by Native Americans. The end result is that only those few that appealed to European sensibilities made it across the cultural divide.

Some of the best Native Squash for seed oil, for winter drying, or just for utensils were lost for this reason. This dilemma was solved quite accidentally when a Nanticoke woman from Maryland handed me seeds for “maycocks” during a lecture in Salem County, New Jersey (Figure 7). She had come over the bay from Lewes, Delaware and wanted to share seeds from her Native American community living in the isolated swamps on the Delaware-Maryland border. As it later developed, her “maycocks” (an Indian term for summer squash) proved to be a payload of genetic diversity and from that original

We know the approximate age of these squash because of an experiment undertaken in 1769-1772 by French botanist Antoine Nicolas Duchesne.

Duchesne grew a large collection of East Coast squash in Paris and recorded them in beautiful watercolors which have recently been published by the French National Museum of Natural History. Thus we have dated pictures to match up with the squash we have been growing.

agriculturists after contact with Europeans – the irony of this is the Lenape are long since gone. Even their language is dying out and their heirloom food plants have been cared for by surrogate stewards.

With the rise of farm-to-table cuisine perhaps there is now no better way to honor this heritage than to bring these delightful local foods up to commercial scale and give them a place of honor on menus celebrating our distinct regional cuisine.

While it will take more than 10

The Roughwood Seed Archive is a 501c3

years to isolate and stabilize

non-profit

these ancient squash varieties,

rare

we feel that the effort is worthwhile because nowhere

and

comprising endangered

some

4,500

heirloom

food

plants. Begun in 1932 it is the oldest private seed collection in Pennsylvania and a major contributor to seed collections

else in the United States do we

throughout the United States and abroad.

have such genetic diversity in

It is the only collection of its kind to treat

aboriginal squash or, for that

seeds as cultural artifacts. The collection’s

matter, so many squash that offer such a large range of culinary possibilities.

seed the Roughwood Seed Archive

While it seems truly amazing

has been able to isolate about 15

that Chester County has been

varieties of pre-1770s squash once

blessed with a rich horticultural

steward, Dr. William Woys Weaver, is an internationally known food historian who received his PhD in food ethnography from University College, Dublin, Ireland. He is the author of seventeen books and the winner of many publishing awards.

2017 C hester C ounty A ntiques S how

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CHESTER COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY

Martinez Presents Marshall

Now open: an exhibit of original paintings & historical objects at the Chester County Historical Society.

Generous support has been provided by the lead gift of the Humphry Marshall Trust Fund (CCHS), the 1675 Foundation, the Marshallton Conservation Trust, the Friends of Martin’s Tavern and several individuals.

Y OUR MILESTONE.

OUR HISTORIC SETTING. The Chester County Historical Society’s Cultural Center is the perfect setting for your wedding reception, fundraiser, special event, or holiday party. Vaulted ceilings, a three-story atrium, and 2,600 square feet of convertible space are just a few of the highlights of one of the most historic buildings in Chester County. Other amenities include complete audio and visual equipment, wireless internet, and access to our award-winning museum. Come see for yourself all that we have to offer for your next reception, exciting fundraiser, intimate dinner or corporate event.

The Cultural Center

at Chester County Historical Society

610.692.4800 • 225 North High Street • West Chester, PA • ChesterCoHistorical.org • rentals@chestercohistorical.org RECEPTIONS • CONFERENCES • PERFORMANCES • MEETINGS • FORMAL GALAS • FUNDRAISERS

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THE PHELPS SCHOOL prepares young men for college and for life. Our private boarding and day school for boys in grades six through 12, provides a customized learning experience for students who thrive in a small, nurturing and structured environment. It’s this one-on-one approach that empowers each student to reach his highest potential academically, individually and socially.

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THE MAIN LINE ANTIQUES SHOW a benefit for surrey services for seniors

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ANTIQUES SHOW PREVIEW RECEPTION Friday, May 26 6 – 9 p.m. $125 BREAKFAST & TOUR Saturday, May 27 9 a.m. $30 A PASSION FOR COLLECTING: Dealers’ Talks Sunday & Monday, May 28 & 29 10:30 a.m. – 1:30 p.m.

SPONSORS The Pearl Group at CRW Graphics The Inn and Spa at Montchanin Village The Kitchen Sink and Back Burner Restaurant and Tavern MEDIA SPONSORS Main Line Today, Delaware Today Proceeds from the Antiques Show support the Museum Volunteers’ Purchase Fund, and Art Education and Programming.

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Piper Jaffray is a proud sponsor of the Chester County Historical Society Antiques Show For more information, contact Piper Jaffray public finance: George Werner Managing Director T +1 215 446-9322

Damien Palantino Assistant Vice President T +1 215 446-9326

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West Chester Welcomes Hotel Warner…

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Historic Hotel

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CHESTER COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY

Complimentary Hot Breakfast & WiFi Walk to Great Restaurants, Eclectic Shops & Galleries Indoor Pool & Fitness Center

Glenmede was created as an independent trust company over 60 years ago to serve as investment manager and trustee of the Pew family’s charitable interests. Today, we manage $34 billion for high-net-worth individuals and families, endowments, foundations and institutional clients. Please contact Laura LaRosa at 215-419-6027 or laura.larosa@glenmede.com for a personal conversation.

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We are proud to sponsor

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Lamb McErlane PC, a full service law firm serving Chester County and the region since 1948.

James C. Sargent, Esq. - CCHS Board of Trustees

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Investment Management | Trust & Estate Services Retirement Plan Services | Nonprofit Services

Haverford Trust Company Patrick J. Hoyer Vice President & Portfolio Manager 610-995-8768 | phoyer@haverfordquality.com Investments in securities are not FDIC insured • Not bank guaranteed • May lose value.

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Eckert Seamans proudly supports

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Chester County Historical Society’s 2017 Antiques Show Two Liberty Place 50 South 16th Street, 22nd Floor Philadelphia, PA 19102 (215) 851.8400

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The Highest Standard of Success in Financial Relationships Multifunctional Copier Systems Paperless Office Solutions Managed Print & Document Services Visual Communications Systems

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LOS ALAMOS HISTORY MUSEUM

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Raise the Roof

Revolution at Home

FUNDRAISER GALA

e Muhlenberg Family of Pennsylvania

Step inside the world of Lutheran minister Henry Muhlenberg in this special exhibition at his beautifully restored home in Trappe, Pennsylvania.

Sunday, May 7 5 to 9 p.m.

The Barn on Bridge 385 Bridge Street Collegeville, PA 19426

Join us for an evening of live music, delicious food, and a silent auction featuring unique works of art made by local craftspeople.

Highlights include splendid examples of Pennsylvania German and Philadelphia furniture on loan from Muhlenberg descendants and local institutions, including the Chester County Historical Society.

All proceeds benefit the restoration of the Frederick Muhlenberg House, built in 1763.

Visit SpeakersHouse.org to buy tickets

201 W. Main Street, Trappe April 9 to December 31, 2017 HistoricTrappe.org

The SPEAKER’S House H O M E

O F

151 W. Main Street P.O. Box 26686 Trappe, PA 19426

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We put our energy into the community.

At PECO, our employees invest thousands of volunteer hours and we contribute more than

$5 million each year to help our communities grow and prosper. We also champion efforts that impact education, the environment, arts and culture, and community enrichment.

PECO is the proud sponsor of the 2017 Chester County Historical Society Antique Show.

Find out more at www.peco.com/community

Š PECO Energy Company, 2017

“The Chester County spice box (C. 1740) is my favorite form of early 18th century furniture. The vine and berry inlay is spectacular.

It’s like fireworks.”

Visit our gallery in person or online to see examples of early American furniture and fine art.

1352 Paoli Pike | West Chester, PA 19380 | 610.696.1862

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