NICHOLAS B SNYDER UWM | M.ARCH II
UWM CHEMISTRY HOSPITALITY
CONTENTS
RESIDENCE iHOME ROW HOUSE VAULT STUDY LIVING CAMPUS
UWM CHEMISTRY
Professor: Jim Wasley | University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee | Comprehensive Design Studio This studio was tasked with designing a new chemistry building for the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee campus based on the chemistry department’s requirements. The main qualities they were interested in were wide hallways, public gathering areas and open labs. In addition, emphasis was placed on the mechanical system of the building as well as the wall sections.
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SITE PLAN
FLOOR PLANS
The new chemistry building acts as a divider creating two new quads on the UWM campus to the east and west of the building. Both quads are oriented around massive water features that act as water collection and catchment areas to reduce storm water entering the overburdened city sewer lines. Special focus was given to the rectangular water feature to establish a dialog between the chemistry, IRC and welcome center buildings. This area has significance because it will be the new face of campus and will act as a hub for student gatherings and campus tours.
The plans shown are the first floor and its mezzanine level which are typical of the two stories above. All the lab spaces are grouped together into two wings, making hazardous chemical travel along the exterior wall of the labs fairly removed from the primary circulation of the building. The majority of labs are located on the north side and are reserved for more controlled experiments. This location eliminates glare and heat from direct sunlight which could ruin delicate work. The western labs are for less critical work but the facade is still heavily solar controlled to give the best conditions. Horizontal and vertical fins were implemented on the western facade for solar control. The secondary program spaces such as classrooms and offices face the south and east to take advantage of the sun and views offered. The south facade uses a light shelf system to bounce indirect light into the room in the summer and allow direct light and heat into the room in the winter.
SITE CIRCULATION DIAGRAM
PUBLIC CIRCULATION CROSSING
CLASSROOMS CHEMICAL CIRCULATION DIAGRAM
OFFICES CONFERENCE
CLASSROOMS
IRC
OFFICES
OFFICES
SECONDARY LOBBY
CLASSROOMS TYPICAL LEVEL 1.5
LABS
LABS
CHEMISTRY WELCOME CENTER PRIMARY LOBBY
LOADING DOCK
OFFICES CLASSROOMS
SITE PLAN
AUDITORIUM
TYPICAL LEVEL 1
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SECTION The strategy used to organize program in this project came from the height difference between lab and office spaces. The labs in this building have higher floor to floor heights than are typically required. This allows secondary program spaces such as offices and classrooms to be stacked creating a mezzanine condition above the three main floors. Since this organization scheme separates the labs from the classrooms and offices, two HVAC systems were used. The HVAC system supplying the classrooms and offices recirculates air to be more energy efficient. The second HVAC system supplies constant fresh air to the labs for their more stringent air needs.
LIGHT SHELF
INTAKE EXHAUST
HVAC DIAGRAM
WEST ELEVATION AT 3PM
SUNLIGHT ADMITTANCE
GLASS PANEL
STEEL STUD WALL
SPANDREL GLASS PANEL
RAISED FLOOR SYSTEM
HVAC DUCT IN FLOOR
MECHANICAL PENTHOUSE
POST TENSION SLAB
SOUTH ELEVATION AT 12PM CIRCULATION
CONFERENCE LABS OFFICES
NORTH - SOUTH SECTION
EAST ELEVATION AT 8AM
SOUTH FACADE WALL SECTION 06
HOSPITALITY Rule Joy Trammell + Rubio | Atlanta, GA | CO-OP 03
At RJT+R I worked on a large scale hotel restoration project. The client owned four hotels all of which needed various levels of improvement. I was tasked with recreating the base plans for all four hotels in AutoCAD as well as put in charge of the balcony replacement project for one of the hotels. The firm was sent an old and poorly scanned set of existing drawings. First, I began by printing the drawings to ensure they were to scale. Afterwards, I reviewed the partition schedule so I could accurately draw the walls. I then started recreating the drawings in AutoCAD. Finally, I created the new plans and details for the balcony replacement project.
LEVEL TWO
LEVEL ONE
EAST ELEVATION
SOUTH ELEVATION 08
BALCONY DEMO SECTION
BALCONY NEW SECTION 10
RESIDENCE Court Atkins Group | Bluffton, SC | CO-OP 01
The client wanted to make several changes to the existing model home in areas that affected multiple components of the house. The ceiling height in the great room was originally 12’ and the client wanted it raised to 14’. Raising the great room height to 14’ caused many issues; I ended up adding transoms to the top of all the windows and eventually had to negotiate with the client to lower the ceiling height to 13’ to make the columns look less awkward. The height change also raised many of the bearing heights which conflicted with the second floor of the home.
SECTION
SITE PLAN
LEVEL ONE
LEVEL TWO
FRONT ELEVATION
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iHOME
Professor: Jim Postell | University of Cincinnati | Fourth Year Studio The goal of this studio was to design a case study home for a model maker. The three bedroom iHome had to include a workshop for the owner to make their living and contain some form of an oculus feature.
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CONCEPT
ITERATION ONE Iteration one shows the work flow loop in its simplest form and houses a bedroom and kitchen in the center. The idea was to enhance the workshop experience by locating food and rest nearby. The issue with this layout is space, the loop is tight and hard to maneuver long boards around the tight square corners.
Work flow was the driving factor in this project. I researched the assembly line form and implement it in the workshop portion of the house. I decided to pursue this because of my experience in the University of Cincinnati workshop. All the machines are grouped together by type and not by process, so when creating something students would be traveling back and forth to various machines in an already tight space. By organizing the machines in a linear fashion according to work flow efficiency increases greatly.
ITERATION TWO The second study increased loop space from shrinking the living area on the ground level and has better maneuvering for materials without the sharp 90 degree corners. However, the curved walls waste space as equipment and materials cannot be stacked up efficiently against the retaining wall. INTAKE
OUTPUT
N
U
ITERATION THREE
/F
LE
B
EM
SS
A
E
G
A
R
TO
/S
D
A
LO
Moving forward I abandoned the circular retaining wall idea while continuing to shrink the core ground level living area. I experimented with stepping the walls, which created nooks for machines and materials. The loop flowed better but the implementation of the steps was clunky and left some tight corners.
IS IN
HOME ENTRANCE
IN
H E/
JO
ITERATION FOUR
PL
A N
The angle became a good solution to deal with the tight corners in the loop. It acted as a compromise between stepping the wall and making the wall curved. By angeling the right side of the core it made backing a vehicle into the workshop much easier than getting around a 90 degree corner.
CUT
ITERATION SIX
ITERATION FIVE Through more exploration of angles the final form of the loop started to take shape. Having two angled ends greatly improved vehicle access to the workshop. Living space in the workshop was completely moved to the second level, replacing the core with a stair. This enhanced the maneuverability of the space. 16
ITERATION SIX
PATIO
Carlo Scarpa’s work with scale and the stepping form influenced the final iteration of this project. Taking another look at iteration three I began experimenting with the scale of the steps while maintaining the angled form of iteration five. The combination of the two iterations maintained the loop’s openness and flow while creating several nooks for materials and machines, achieving a healthy balance of functionality and form. The oculus feature is located at the top of the retaining wall. While not truly an oculus in the traditional sense it allows southern light to wash into the space while protecting the workshop from the elements.
KITCHEN DINING RESTROOM
BEDROOMS
MASTER BEDROOM
LEVEL TWO
LEVEL ONE SITE PLAN
OCULUS
EAST - WEST SECTION
EAST ELEVATION
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ROW HOUSE
Professor: Ryan Ball | University of Cincinnati | Third Year Studio The Row House project involved designing a home in Convington, KY for the Over the Rhine band. The husband and wife group wanted a home to record music, entertain guests and have a place to reconnect. In addition they also required two guest rooms for the band’s former members to stay for extended periods of time.
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FLOOR PLANS Initially, I drove to the site to gain an understanding of the surrounding area as well as the environmental factors affecting the site. I observed that the site was raised nearly a story above the street level and contained within a stone retaining wall. This gave me the opportunity to implement a three car garage with angled parking to prevent anyone from getting blocked in. The garage was an important factor to me since at any point there could easily be three to four cars at this house and a linear parking layout would cause a headache by having to constantly shuffle cars. PANTRY GREETING ROOM/ EXTRA BAND STORAGE MASTER BEDROOM KITCHEN EQUIPMENT STORAGE
MIXING ROOM
GRAND FIREPLACE EXTENDS TO ROOFTOP GARDEN
OUTDOOR PATIO FOR ENTERTAINING/ ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCES BAND MEMBER ROOMS
THREE CAR GARAGE
RECORDING STUDIO INDOOR PATIO FOR ENTERTAINING/ ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCES
VIEW ACROSS RIVER OF CINCINNATI SKYLINE
LIVING ROOM
GLASS BOX VIEW OF CINCINNATI
LEVEL ONE
LEVEL TWO
LEVEL THREE
LEVEL FOUR
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ELEVATION/SECTION
11’ - 1”
The site is located right on the Ohio River looking at the Cincinnati skyline. Multiple balconies and windows were used to frame and capture the stunning view. The third level of the home serves as an entirely public open space for the band to have guests over and entertain. This acts as a buffer to the fourth level which is entirely private giving the couple a place to reconnect.
11’ - 1”
ROOFTOP GARDEN FOR COUPLE TO RECONNECT
11’ - 1”
BALCONY
LIVING ROOM GLASS BOX
11’ - 5”
STAIRS STORAGE CLOSET GARAGE ENTRANCE FRONT ELEVATION
SECTION
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VAULT STUDY
Professor: Mara Marcu | University of Cincinnati | Second Year Studio The purpose of this study was to choose a tectonic system and then develop a model in Rhino suitable for 3D printing. I chose the barrel vault as my tectonic system and used the Lisbon Cathedral as a precedent. Breaking up the main barrel vault and changing the heights of the arches created a wave-like form that let unique arrangements of light into the space. For the final model I began to experiment with rotating the arches to get curves in the vaults.
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PLASTER After 3D printing I was asked to further explore the chosen tectonic system through another means of making. I continued studying what I referred to as the “broken vault�, this time looking into the positive and negative spaces created by the vault. Foam core squares were used to make the positive and negative molds. The drawing is an abstract illustration of the overlapping arcs in their positive and negative forms.
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CNC ROUTING CNC routing was used to continue the tectonic study. I focused on the intersections of the barrel vaults as well as how the vault is expressed when connecting lower vaults to elevated ones. Through this study I learned a larger open space can be created by intersecting perpendicular vaults.
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LIVING CAMPUS Professor: Tom Bible | University of Cincinnati | Senior Capstone Studio The Living Building Challenge Studio explored sustainability scenarios in developing a building that met the requirements of the Living Building Challenge (LBC). Formulated by the Living Future Institute, The Living Building Challenge might be thought of as the next generation of Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED). Within the studio a large emphasis was placed on developing, understanding, and determining the efficiency of passive and active solutions to deal with the two most stringent requirements of LBC - Net Zero Energy and NetZero Water. The studio worked with the Cincinnati Zoo in Avondale to determine their needs and desires through a collaborative process. Group Members: Libby Pelzel, Alex Gillig-Vassalle, Claire Chirgott
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PROGRAMMATIC FLOW
PASSIVE DESIGN The campus plan focuses on growing, learning how to prepare, and eating produce from the greenhouse. The greenhouse gives onsite space to grow vegetables and microgreens; the school provides classrooms for vocational education such as wildlife conservation, animal care, and culinary preparation; and the cafe and market offer a way to bring fresh produce and knowledge about nutrition into daily habits. Together, these programmatic elements create a campus that educates users about sustainability and healthy habits.
Strategies such as building orientation, solar shading, and natural ventilation allow each building to optimize passive design. Maximizing solar gain, creating stack ventilation, and providing different means of sustainable energy reduces the energy use intensity (EUI) and creates a net zero campus.
WESTERN WINTER WINDS PREDOMINANT SOUTHWEST WINDS SUN PATH
ACCESS & CIRCULATION
PHASING ONE: Greenhouse & LBC strategies 5 - 6 Years
Circulation paths are driven by a need to bridge the zoo and the Avondale community. A direct entrance from each area joins at the top of the site to create a circular motion that connects the two communities. Secondary experiential paths are placed adjacent to both direct paths for leisure.
SITE PLAN
TWO: School, cafe, & market 2 - 3 Years THREE: Community hub in Avondale 6+ Years TOTAL: 15 years
AVENDALE COMMUNITY
PHASE ONE
ZOO COMMUNITY
PHASE TWO
AVENDALE/ZOO COMMUNITY
PHASE THREE 34
GREENHOUSE/ZOO EXHIBIT/ENERGY CENTER
SCHOOL/CAFE
The lower greenhouses are meant for growing vegetables and microgreens using the hydroponics method. Underneath the main greenhouse and adjacent to the vegetables is space for germination, cleaning, storing, and packaging. The upper greenhouse is dedicated to producing lettuce hydroponically by the A-frame growing system. In the zoo exhibit users can view and learn about different types of production (hydroponics, aquaponics, gardening), and interact with hands on experiential areas. The energy center serves as an exhibit explaining how solar arrays work and how the Cincinnati Zoo captures and uses solar energy.
The school is an extension of the current Zoo Academy Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) program. This facility will provide more classroom and lab space for students to learn wildlife conservation, animal care, agricultural development, and culinary preparation. In the evenings, cooking classes for adults will be offered in the lower classrooms and the space can serve as event room from the Avondale community. The cafe serves as a place to get fresh produce from the greenhouse, modeling a “farm-to-table” business plan, Zoo and Avondale visitors and can stop here for a healthy lunch or a quick snack while they explore the campus.
HYDROPONIC LETTUCE
CONFERENCE ROOM
STACK VENTILATION SHAFT CLEANING AND PACKAGING STORAGE
GREEN ROOF GARDENS
HYDROPONIC MICROGREENS
ROOF SOLAR ARRAY EXTERIOR HALLWAY TYP. CLASSROOM FOR 25 STUDENTS EXHIBIT ENTRANCE FROM ZOO
GERMINATION STATION COLD STORAGE SPACE
ATRIUM LEVEL TWO
LEVEL TWO
WESTERN SHADING FINS
WATER FILTRATION AND STORAGE SPACE ENTRANCE LOBBY OFFICES
LAB STORAGE
CULINARY LAB SPACE HYDROPONIC VEGETABLES HYDROPONICS ADMINISTRATION
LEVEL ONE
AQUAPONICS ENTRANCE FROM PARKING AREA
ENERGY CENTER
LEVEL ONE
CAFE
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NORTH/SOUTH SITE SECTION This section cuts through the zoo entrance of the site, the greenhouses, the terracing landscape, and the pond at the bottom of the site. Some mechanics of the water cycle can also be seen, such as the retention pond and the holding tanks.
RAINWATER RETENTION POND SLOPED SOUTH FACING ROOFS TO MAXIMIZE SOLAR ENERGY CAPTURE
BIOSOIL FILTRATION RETURN TO GROUND WATER TABLE BIOSOIL FILTRATION CLEAN WATER RETENTION TANK IN GREENHOUSE: 6,000 FT3 RAINWATER RETENTION TANK UNDER POND: 6,000 FT3 FOREST AVENUE
FILTRATION TANK UNDER BIOSOIL: 6,000 FT3
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SEFAIRA ENERGY GRAPHS
90,000
MONTHLY HEAT LOSS
100,000
SOLAR
90,000
CONDUCTION
80,000
VENTILATION
70,000
INFILTRATION
60,000
OCCUPANT
50,000
LIGHTING
40,000
EQUIPMENT
(kBTU)
100,000
(kBTU)
To achieve a net positive energy output for the greenhouse and school, solar panels were implemented on all of the roofs on site as well as three zoo buildings adjacent to the site. The square footage of solar panels required to achieve a net positive energy rating was determined from the energy modeling software, Sefaira. According to Sefaira the school and greenhouse required a total of 1,510,268 kbtu annually to operate. This translates to 89,129 square feet of solar panels working at 12% efficiency. Following the living building challenge standard, which calls for 105% net positive energy, there is a total of 93,581 square feet of solar panels on site that generate 1,585,781 kbtu annually.
MONTHLY HEAT GAIN
VENTILATION
70,000
INFILTRATION
60,000
OCCUPANT
50,000
LIGHTING
40,000
EQUIPMENT
30,000
30,000
20,000
20,000
10,000
10,000
0
0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
SOLAR CONDUCTION
80,000
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Full project documentation can be viewed at: https://issuu.com/snydernb/docs/lbc_book
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