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Sendai Mediatheque SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

The New Library TOYO ITO

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Parti Diagram

Parti The concept behind the parti can essentially be traced back to the concept of the building. The newly elected mayor wanted to show his transaparency of the decision making process by allowing the citizens associations to decide the idea of the building. The buidling must include a library, a place to consult and borrow DVD’s, exhibition galleries and free acress to the internet. The citizens association that developed the program insisted to space be “free without barriers”.

Design Concept

Structural Concept

Facade Concept

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

Overall Parti

Concept Inspirations

The outer columns contain all that is fluid within the building, stiar columns, elevatator, wiring, and piping. The rest of the of the space remains open.

Fluidity TOYO ITO

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Site Location

Site Axis and Entry

Site Analysis The site is located in Sendai Japan, a few block s away from the city hall. The building exists next to Jozenji street, a six lane road, anlong which a main axis can be drawn from the building. The buildingis designed to interact with the imediate nature surrounding the site. There are enterances on all fou sides of the building but but the main sides are influenced by facade design and, public circulation of the city.

1”=1000’

3/4”=400’

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

Site Conditions TOYO ITO

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6th - Meeting Room, Cinema, Administration,

Cassette & DVD Lending Library 5th - Exhibition Gallery 4th - Exhibition Gallery for Citizens 2nd & 3rd - Reference Library, Lending Library, Reading Room

Transparent Glass

Poly Carbonate

Sand Blasted Glass

1st - Childs Library, Periodicals, Internet, Administration.

Ground floor - Reception, Cafe, Shop

Public vs. Private

Toyo Ito wanted to programmatically separate his building into specific levels. Each of the spaces are clad differently on the exterior to show the multiple layers.

Aluminum Cladding

Transparent Glass

Transparent Glass

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

Separation of Layers TOYO ITO

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Voids The idea of transparency takes on an entirely new meaning in the Sendai Mediatheque.

All the spaces inside the building are voided. The structure of the columns allow light and air to penetrate through every sapect of the building.

Typical Solids vs. Void

Solids vs. Voids

Transparency Section

1/32”=1’ Sendia Mediatheque Solids vs. Voids

Structure of the Columns

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

This rendering shows that even the “solid” ares of the building we designed to be as transparent as possible. Ito takes sthe idea of openess and fluidity to a new level by designing every portion of the bulding even down to the structure to facilitate transparency.

Complete Transparency TOYO ITO

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Formal Rhythms

Rhythm in Plan

Rhythm in Plan You can start to break down the way Ito started to intended the spaces to be used, you can see where open areas start to overlap, and spaces could start to engage one another. Again without a sign of a grid, the natural flow of the space suggests movement and fluidity.

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

Rhythm Interior TOYO ITO

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Formal Rhythms

Vertical and Horizontal Rhythms

Rhythm in the Voids Toyo Ito in interested in the space between the solids. The rhythm of the building celebrates the movement between programs, and the relationship they have with each other without establishing set boundaries. There is no gridded system for this design, but instead it introduces organic forms to create a rhythm that starts to call out functional areas, and ideas of space.

1/48”=1’

He uses a horizontal rhythm to break up the material aspect of the facad, which in turn lable the difrent progamatic areas behind the facade.

Floor Plates as steady Horizontal Rythym

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

Rhythm of the Space TOYO ITO

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1st Floor

2nd Floor

4th Floor

5th Floor

Public vs. Private

Ground Floor

3rd Floor

This sculpture’s stationary walls are not continuous from one floor to the next. The separation of spaces are both formal and literal as the use of material to divide areas are explored. The spaces seem to have a fluidity but distinction between them as they stack on top of each other.

Its as if 7 buildings were put together, separating public from private. The 1st floor is only separating the two by furnishings and cloth hanging from the ceiling.

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

6th Floor

Separation of Spaces TOYO ITO

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Hierarchy of Sound

Spatial Hierachy Each floor of the buiding has a specific funciton in the media libray however each flooor also a a certian amount of human occupation.

Spatial Hierarchy

Program Division

Light defines the differnet bulding areas at night.

Open Square Community Space

Public Space - Most Sound

Shimin Library

Intermediate Space - Mild Sound

Gallery/ Exhibition Space

Private Space - Least Sound

Audio-Visual Multimedia Library Mechanical/ Eletrical Systems

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

Program Division TOYO ITO

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Structure

Structural Ideas

Opening the Space The idea behind the structure is similar to what Corbusier did with his domino design, by having main supporting columns, the rest of the space is free from all heavy load bearing walls.

This allows for the free movement Toyo Ito was going for, he wanted the programs to define the space, rather than rectilinear walls. He Put the four largest column structures in the corners, and the others were scattered in between. The floor plates are attached to was tube with a grid of buttresses.

Abstracted column grid in plan and section.

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

Image or Diagram Caption for further explanation or to convey ideas (Helvetica Neue Light 9 pt). Also use to denote scale of drawing where needed.

Basic Structure TOYO ITO

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Structure

Structure

Earthquake tested The structure was designed with earthquakes in mind, and in March 2011 it washit with a 9.0 magnitude earthquake. You can see in the images below that the lighting system and live loads were rattled, but the structure stayed intact.

1/48”=1’

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

Complex Structure TOYO ITO

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Circulation

The movement in the space is designed to be natural and forced by the programs that the building has to offer. One is able to be led wherever the path seems to lead.

Toyo Ito designed the space as his Japanese culture sees architecture, open and movable.

He created the structure with the mentality

Access to each floor is found within one of the four large tubes in each corner of the structure.

The space also allows for those who want to join, or get away from the crowd.

“Rectilinear walls are barriers... When your walking you have various opportunities, you make your own path. If there are 100 people, they there are 100 paths.”

- Toyo Ito

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

Path TOYO ITO

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Mechanical Systems

Mechanical Spaces

Mechanical Features The mechanical systems are located in the top floor and the lower ground floor. One ofthe factors that Ito prides himself on with this project is the connection with the nature that the facade allows for. When the weather is right, the walls open up to allow a more natural connection to theextend the outdoor eniornment or the city, into the building.

1/36”=1’

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

Active Systems TOYO ITO

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Sustainability The exterior elevation is either double paned or shaded glass, limiting heat gain.

Photovoltaic panels line the roof plane.

Thr building columns have computerized rotating mirrors on the top to reflect sunlight down the columns.

Service Space The service program spaces such as restrooms, offices, and storage space are placed against the back north side of the building. This leaves the south face completly wall free.

Passive Strategies

Daylight and Ventilation

Exterior Skin

Skin The skin acts as a mechanical system which is left open during the summer to allow it to “breathe.” Open windows provide natural ventilation to bulding floors and offices.

SENDAI MEDIATHEQUE | SENDAI, JAPAN | 2001 ARCH 3101 – 003 • FALL 2013 BRYANT | McIVER | TROWELL

1/32”=1’ Exterior Skin and Sunlight Natural Ventilation

Vertical Stack Ventilation TOYO ITO

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