Emobility+ August-September Issue 2019

w w w. e m o b i l i t y p l u s . c o m

PERSPECTIVE EV Manufacturing In India - Opportunities & Challenges?

India Has A Great Ground To Cover On The Shift To E-Mobility, What Is The Way Forward?

What Are The Latest Innov ation Trends in EV sector in India?

IN CONVERSATION Miss. Sulajja Firodia Motwani CEO, Kinetic Green Energy and Power Solutions

Mr. Piyush Gupta Founder & CEO Lithion Power Pvt. Ltd

Mr. Neeraj Kumar Singal Director Semco Group

Mr. Kedar Vaidya Head of Advanced Materials Bühler technologies

EUCLION ENERGY PRIVATE LIMITED

ENERGY SOLUTION FOR E-VEHICLES A subsidiary of Bharat Power Solutions www.euclionenergy.com | info@euclionenergy.com | 0120-4136967

READY TO SERVE ON

48 V BATTERY SYSTEMS

400 V BATTERY SYSTEMS

48/60 V BATTERY SYSTEMS

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A DIN V ECONVERSATION RTISERS INDEX

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS IN CONVERSATION

Hartek

EV Highlights Till Date... ` Mr. Shashi Shekhar, Vice Chairman, ACME ..............................................................................................12

1

Delta

14

` Mr. Parag Sharma, Chief Operating Officer, ReNew Power ...............................................................14 ` Mr. K.V. Sajay, President- Wind, Solar and Regulatory Affairs, Hero Future Energies..............16

Gatefold Miss. Sulajja Firodia Motwani, CEO, Kinetic Green Energy and Power Solutions 2

Sungrow

` Mr. Prakash Morankar, Chief Operating Officer, Engie Solar ............................................................18

Ginlong Solis

` Mr. Harjinder Kamboj, Head-Quality, Azure ............................................................................................20

10

“Our Vision Is To Be Innovative Leaders In The 3 Field Of Affordable Green Mobility Solutions”

Emmvee Photovoltaic Power Pvt Ltd

5

Illios

7

` Mr. Rounak Muthiyan, Founder Director, Kalpa Power Private Limited ........................................26

ABB

9

` Mr. Idrish Khan, CTO, Ginlong Solis.............................................................................................................28

Sineng

` Mr. Nimish Prabhukhanolkar, Partner, Agami Engineering ................................................................22 ` Mr. Nikunj Patel, Founder & CEO, Australian Premium Solar (India) Pvt. Ltd .............................24 ` Mr. Bill Gao, Global Commercial Head-Heraeus Photovoltaics........................................................24

` Mr. Prashant Mathur, CMO, Adani Solar ...................................................................................................30

Mr. Piyush Gupta, Founder & CEO, Lithion 11 Power Pvt. Ltd

Tata Bluescope steel “Lithion Power Provides An Iot-Enabled, Data-Driven 13 Intelligent Energy Platform (Iep) For Electric Vehicles Lubi Solar 15 (Evs)

` Mr. Vikas Jain, Director, Insolation Energy P. Ltd ....................................................................................32 ` Mr. Nitin Sharma, Vice President – Energy (Head-EMS), Raychem RPG.......................................34

11

` Mr. Brinder Gandhi, Chief Executive Officer, Impulse Green Energy ..............................................38

Rays Power Experts Pvt. Ltd.

17

INDUSTRY INSIGHTS

Sofar Solar

19

` Transparent Backsheet A Smart Alternative For Glass / Glass Modules .......................................40

TBEA

Challenges And Solutions For EV Vehicle And Battery `Costs Global - Investment Flows ..............................................................................................................................48 ` ‘Elmex’ Has Installed More Than 3 Million Connectors At 200+ Sites Across India ................49 20 ` LeTID Testing to Mitigate Investment Risk ..............................................................................................42

21 Mr. Neeraj Kumar Singal, Director, Semco Group

Mahindra Intertrade Limited Pheonix contact

` Surge Protection For Photovoltaic Inverter .............................................................................................50

12

Insolation

` Energy Systems Integration And Enabling Technologies ...................................................................51 ` Need For SARAL .................................................................................................................................................52 ` Ginlong Solis Powers Large Rooftop Solar Projects By SunSource ................................................58 ` Renewable Energy and Jobs - Globally .....................................................................................................59

23

“We Provide A Customised Solution For Lithium-Ion 25 Battery Packs & Modules According To The Customers Need” 27

Waaree

29

Goodwe

31

Raychem RPG Pvt. LtdMr. Kedar Vaidya, Head of Advanced 33 Materials, Bühler technologies Indian Energy Exchange Limited 35 “We Are A Leading Global Provider Of Die-Casting Technology For Avengers) The Automotive Industry” Rays Power Experts Pvt. Ltd. (Mighty 37

` City Leadership In The Global Energy Transition ...................................................................................61 ` Policies To Integrate Variable Renewable Energy ..................................................................................62 ` Solar Power is India’s Green Future ............................................................................................................70 ` Mono Vs Poly – An Introspective Simulation Study! – Part 3 ...........................................................74

13

` Floating Solar - Market opportunities .......................................................................................................75 ` SOFARSOLAR G3 Better Customized For Residential Project ...........................................................78 ` Opportunities For Urban Renewable Energy ..........................................................................................84

Power One Microsystem

39

Mitsui Chemicals Inc.

43

Goldi Solar

44-45

Opinion Elmex

PERSPECTIVE ` What Will It Take To Emerge As Leaders In The Rooftop Solar Industry? ...................................54 ` Are State Governments Doing Enough For Promoting Solar Rooftop? .......................................64

Composite Pvt Ltd 57  Aeron Current Financing Scenario Of EV Sector In India ....................17

Making EV’s Economically Viable

` Will India Be Able To Keep Up The Growth Momentum In Solar Sector? ...................................65 ` What Are The Key Challenges In Construction Of Solar Rooftop Plants

24

49

L&T Construction

59

In Sri Lanka And How Can We Overcome Them? .................................................................................66

Company Feature

Apar

61

` Future Business Leaders In Solar Sector: What Are The CXOs Looking For? .............................67

Australian Premium Solar

63

 Biggest Threats & Opportunities For The EV Industry ...........19

` What Are The Challenges Despite Incentives From Central And State Government For The Development Of Solar Rooftop Systems?..........................................71 ` Leadership Talk: Surviving In The Intense Indian Solar Sector .........................................................76 ` What India Needs, To Become A Powerhouse In Solar Sector Manufacturing?........................80

Avant Garde

65

Flir systems

67

Havells

71

Perspective

 EV Manufacturing In India - Opportunities & Challenges?

Topsun 73 ...14

PRODUCT FEATURE ` Raychem RPG ......................................................................................................................................................41 ` Sineng ....................................................................................................................................................................60

Brij Encapsulants

77

Fibrograts Pvt.Ltd.

81

 India Has A Great Ground To Cover On The Shift To

` TBEA ........................................................................................................................................................................72

E-Mobility, Radite Energy What Is The Way Forward? .......................................15 87

` Aeron Composite Private Limited................................................................................................................79

Longi Solar

COMPANY FEATURE

 What Are The Latest Innov ation Trends

` Arcedo ....................................................................................................................................................................63

88

in EV sector in India? ......................................................................16

` Radite......................................................................................................................................................................63 ` Goldi Solar ............................................................................................................................................................68

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India News

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ower Ministry Issues Revised Norms For EV Charging Infra To Boost E-Mobility.

To promote electric vehicles (EV), Power Minister R K Singh on Friday approved amendments in guidelines and specifications for charging infrastructure. These revised guidelines and specifications shall supersede the earlier guidelines and standards issued by the Ministry of Power.

To address the range of issues of the EV owners, a phase-wise installation of a network of charging infrastructure throughout the country has been envisaged in the new guidelines to ensure that at least one charging station should be available in a grid of 3 km X 3 km in the cities and one charging station at every 25 km on both sides of highways and roads.

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ndian Oil Developing Batteries From Indigenous Metals To Power India’s EV Ambitions.

The electric vehicle revolution in India is well underway, but one of the biggest hurdles is the lack of charging infrastructure and the reliance of Indian EV makers on batteries imported from China and other countries. In order to tackle both these deficiencies in one go, state-owned Indian Oil Corp (IOC) is looking to build-up India’s capacity for developing indigenous batteries powered with new metals.

The move would prevent the dependence of battery pack makers on lithium imports in the coming months as well as reduce the burden on EV players to create robust charging infrastructure.

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EPPL Signs MoU With Gujarat Govt For Lithium-ion Battery Project.

Automotive Electronics Power Private Ltd (AEPPL) on Monday signed an MoU with Gujarat

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government to invest Rs 4,930 crore in two phases to set up a lithium-ion battery plant

The process of issuing tickets for Kadamba Transport Corporation (KTC) buses is 100%

at Hansalpur in Ahmedabad district. As per the MoU, AEPPL, a joint venture between

digitised, but taking this a notch higher, the corporation will enable e-payment for travel

Japanese Toshiba Corporation, Denso Corporation and Suzuki Motor Corporation, will

in its electric buses. There will be a three-payment process—a mobile app, cash card and

make investments in two phases at Hansalpur.

In the first phase, facilities to construct lithium battery packs and module manufacturing will be built by the company at a cost of Rs 1,250 crore by the end of 2020. In the second phase, the AEPPL will invest Rs 3,715 crore. By 2025, the company plans to produce 30 million cells per year in its plant in Gujarat.

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arnataka Boards The Bus For EV Journey.

Two years after the government introduced an e-vehicle policy to promote battery-

run vehicles, the state is finally setting up the infrastructure required. It is also pushing to

oa: Use app Cash Card Or QR Code To Pay For E-Bus Tickets.

through QR code.

A QR code works in the same way as a barcode. It is a machine-scannable image that can instantly be read using a smartphone camera. “We will also attempt to introduce the payment option of e-wallets besides these three systems,” said KTC general manager Sanjay Ghate.

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rivate Bidder To Own And Run E-Buses In Tamil Nadu.

All 525 electric buses to be soon operated in Tamil Nadu will be owned and run by a

convert existing auto rickshaws to go electric.

private bidder and not state transport corporations (STC), as has been the practice. There

While Bescom’s 112 charging points will be operational by this month-end, BMTC has

will be no outright bus purchase by the state government. Instead, a gross cost contract

identified four depots to set up charging points for its proposed 300 battery-run buses.

(GCC) will be signed between STCs and the successful bidder.

The transport department, along with department of industries and commerce, is mulling

In a GCC, the bidder will own and maintain these buses, apart from all charging stations

a subsidy of up to Rs 1 lakh for new electric autos and 50,000 for converting existing ones to run on battery. Bescom officials said 12 quick charging points are ready and waiting for inauguration. Another 100 are expected to be up and running by the end of October.

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MTC Will Phase Out Volvo Buses, Lease EVs.

Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) has decided to phase out Volvo air conditioned buses in the city.BMTC officials said 300 A/C electric buses will soon replace Volvo diesel buses over the next few months.

Sources say 300 A/C electric low-floor buses (12metre, 37 seater) will be deployed on

at depots. This indicates STC drivers may not be on the wheels of these e-buses. STCs will collect fares from passengers and, in turn, will pay the operator for every kilometre. The state government will have the final authority in planning of bus routes and fares.

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ata Motors Bags 300 Electric Bus Order From Ahmedabad Janmarg.

Tata Motors has bagged the contract to supply 300 electric buses to Ahmedabad Janmarg Ltd (AJL), which is the biggest electric bus order in India. Tata Motors has already delivered more than 200 electric buses under the FAME I scheme, that gave it 60 per cent market

routes like airport, outer ring road, Electronics City and Whitefield. Fares of electric A/C

share in the segment, claims the company.

buses will be the same as Volvo buses as BMTC is not in a position to reduce them. The

The new Tata Ultra Urban 9/9 electric AC buses will ply in Ahmedabad’s BRTS corridor.

first e-bus may hit the road by April 2020. Sources said six companies — Olectra Greentech

These electric buses will be deployed under the OPEX model and Tata Motors will be

Ltd, Ashok Leyland, Tata Motors, Edison Motors, JBM Group and AMS Electric Mobility

setting up the required infrastructure including fast charging and support system as well.

Limited — have shown interest.

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ower Toll For EVs On The Cards To Push Green Mobility.

India is weighing the option of concessional toll rates for electric vehicles as it looks

to incentivise adoption of clean mobility solutions, a move may that may be reflected in the revamped toll policy that the government’s transport wing is working on. The road transport and highways ministry is ramping up the work on the new toll policy, which may

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arnataka Bhavan In Delhi To Get Electric Vehicles.

The state government, which was the first to introduce an e-vehicle policy, now plans

to set another example by gradually increasing the number of electric vehicles (EVs) in its fleet. As a first step, the government is in the process of hiring four EVs on lease for official use at Karnataka Bhavan in New Delhi. Karnataka Bhavan authorities have already placed

also consider exempting electric vehicles from toll fee or provide up to 50% discount on

a proposal before the e-vehicle committee headed by chief secretary TM Vijay Bhaskar.

such tolls for electric vehicles.

As per the proposal, the government plans to hire four EVs on lease for three years. This

This proposal assumes significance amid government’s push to incentivise the adoption of

will be done in association with Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL), a joint venture of

electric vehicles, as it also recently cut goods and services tax on EVs.

central government public sector units in Delhi.

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inetic Green Launches Mid-speed EV For Last-Mile Deliveries.

Kinetic Green Energy and Power Solutions Limited have launched the mid-speed electric vehicle Kinetic Safar Star for last-mile deliveries at a price of Rs 2.20 lakh.

The electric three-wheeler is claimed to have a payload capacity of up to 400 kg and it will be available in 150 Kinetic Green dealers across the country.With this vehicle, Kinetic Green has entered the mid-speed vehicle segment. The LCV can run at a maximum speed of 40 kmph and it has a range of 130 km on a single charge. Powered by a 48V lithium-ion battery with 150 Ah power, the vehicle and the battery comes with 3 years of warranty, claims Kinetic Green.

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 6

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ovt Mulls Starting E-Rickshaws Enhance E-Bus Fleet In Jammu.

The Jammu district administration is mulling to start e-rickshaws and increase the fleet of e-buses to ensure eco-friendly public transportation with modern facilities for commuters.

Deputy Commissioner Sushma Chauhan, who is also the chairman of the Regional Transport Authority, Jammu, announced this during a meeting.

The deputy commissioner asked the officers concerned to conduct a survey of routes for e-rickshaw services, keeping in view the traffic congestion, viability of the proposed vehicles, besides identification of spaces for parking and charging points on each route.

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Asia News

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tochu Boosts Stake In Chinese Electric Vehicle Startup Singulato.

Japan’s Itochu Corp has invested nearly $100 million in Chinese electric vehicle maker

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. Korea Speeds Up Plans For Autonomous Electric And Flying Cars.

South Korea unveiled plans to speed up the adoption of electric cars, self-driving vehicles

Singulato Motors to lift its stake to about 7% and plans to boost the holding if the startup

and even flying automobiles in the coming years to help revive a sagging economy.

meets certain conditions.

President Moon Jae-in said in a speech that Korean firms will invest 60 trillion won (S$69

The Japanese trading house, which owned around 1% of Singulato last year, could pump

billion) over the next decade in the future of transportation.

an additional “few hundreds of millions of dollars” in Singulato to become its No. 2

The government will spend 2.2 trillion won to help develop related technology and lay the

shareholder. That plan however is dependent on Singulato speeding up development of its first model, a fully electric sport-utility vehicle called the iS6, and making proper preparations for an IPO.

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ingapore Researchers Develop Way To Simplify LithiumSulfur Battery Production.

groundwork for the infrastructure needed for things such as robocars. Commercialisation of fully autonomous vehicles will occur by 2027, or three years earlier than planned, he said.

President Moon is betting that the investments will create jobs and spur an exportdependent economy that has been among the hardest hit from global trade tensions.

methods. This can pave the way for the component to become a viable alternative for

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lithium-ion battery and for use in electric vehicles and devices.

Thailand’s ubiquitous tuk-tuk, the noisy, colorful three-wheeled taxi that’s been belching

The scientists added that the new “simplified technique” offered a practical way to scale up

exhaust on local roads for almost a century, is getting a cutting-edge makeover to help

production of new materials to improve battery performance. This presented a “promising

carry the local auto industry into the future.

step” towards the commercialisation of lithium-sulfur batteries, which had been widely

Beginning in November, a public-private partnership will test the nation’s first self-driving

piped as a potential replacement for their lithium-ion counterparts, the NBL researchers

tuk-tuk in an effort to nudge Thailand toward the forefront of developing autonomous-

said in a statement. A lab incubator that focuses on the use of nanotechnology to create

vehicle technology in Southeast Asia. Startup Airovr, investor Siri Ventures and the Thai

new materials.

government will run the monthslong trial inside a gated Bangkok community, hoping that

Researchers from Singapore’s NanoBio Lab (NBL) say they have come up with a way to develop lithium-sulfur cathodes that is less complex and time-consuming than current

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hina Beats U.S. 8-1 When It Comes to Charging Electric Cars.

China, the world’s biggest market for EVs, has about eight public chargers for each one in the U.S., according to the latest counts. That imbalance likely will become more pronounced as China champions the technology spurring automakers to pivot away from gas guzzlers and accelerates its rollout of electric pumps, enlisting energy giants Royal Dutch Shell Plc and BP Plc along the way.

A new-energy vehicle development plan under consideration by Chinese officials and

his Robo Tuk-Tuk Will Zip About An Upscale Bangkok Neighborhood.

what they learn can be transferred into bigger vehicles like minibuses.

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ndonesia Aims To Start Electric Vehicle Production in 2022.

Indonesia is aiming to start producing electric vehicles (EVs) in 2022, a senior official at

the Industry Ministry, after a number of companies disclosed plans to invest in the country.

Indonesia is pushing for the development of EV and battery production facilities to create a downstream industry for the country’s rich supplies of nickel laterite ore, which is used in lithium batteries.

intended to shape the sector through 2035 will set new goals for boosting the number of

Companies such as Toyota Motor Corp and Hyundai have expressed interest in building EV

public and private chargers, a person familiar with the proposal. The nation is said to be

plants in Indonesia, Southeast Asia’s second-largest car production hub.

weighing a target for 60% of all automobiles sold to run on electric motors by then.

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esla Has Been Given The Green Light To Start Manufacturing Its Cars In China.

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tochu-Backed Company To Install Solar-Powered EV Chargers At Supermarkets.

In November, Tokyo-based VPP Japan, whose shareholders include general trader Itochu

Tesla plans to build at least 1,000 of its Model 3s each week in the Chinese factory, which

and Electric Power Development, the wholesale electric utility known as J-Power, will start

could be up and running within weeks. The new factory will give Tesla access to China,

installing charging systems equipped with solar panels at retail shops.

which is the world’s biggest car market. It would also help the company avoid higher

The shops will not have to pay for the equipment. The systems boast about 20% lower

import tariffs that are imposed on cars made in the US. The new factory, known as the Gigafactory 3, is the first fully-foreign owned car plant in China. Permission to build the plant has been seen as a sign that Beijing is looking to open up its car market. Authorities in Shanghai have offered Tesla some help to speed up construction of the plant. Meanwhile, China excluded Tesla vehicles from a 10% tax on cars.

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hailand And Japan Agree To Develop Automation Tech.

The Industry Ministry has begun a mission to bolster ties with Japanese businesses

costs thanks to the solar panels. The presence of chargers at conspicuous retail locations is expected to expand the use of electric vehicles.

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rab, Gojek, State-Owned Electricity Provider PLN To Develop EV In Indonesia.

Southeast Asian ride-hailing firms Grab and Gojek signed a memorandum of understanding on Wednesday with Indonesia’s state-owned electricity provider, Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN), to develop the country’s electric vehicle industry.

given the uncertainties surrounding Thai politics. Japan is among the key nations the

The memorandum also involved Indonesia’s biggest taxi operator, Blue Bird, Chinese

ministry aims to cement ties with. It was noted that R&D experience from Japan can

automaker BYD, Indonesian public bus operator Transjakarta, and Indonesian automaker

help the government meet its goal of directing the country toward the fourth industrial

PT Mobil Anak Bangsa. The memorandum will see the companies collaborate to build a

revolution.

network of electric charging stations for EVs.

The recent meeting in Japan was aimed at ensuring Japanese businessmen of the mutual benefits the two countries will enjoy through stronger investment ties. During the trip, the minister, the chairman of a major car manufacturer signed a memorandum of understanding.Under the MoU, the two have agreed to further develop automation and robotics in Thailand, two fields that are crucial to the Thailand 4.0 blueprint.

Taiwanese Cos Look To Step Up India Play Eye Smart Cities, EV Space.

Taiwan-based companies are keen to invest in India in electric vehicles, smart cities, and technology sectors to tap the potential created by the government’s push towards these sectors. Given the ongoing trade war between the US and China, Taiwan aims to scale up

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akistan Approves First Electric Vehicles Policy.

Pakistan’s federal cabinet has approved the first-ever national Electric Vehicles (EV)

policy in a bid to tackle effects of climate change and offer affordable transport.In the first phase, the government will focus on converting 30 per cent of total number of vehicles, mainly cars and rickshaws, into EVs, said Adviser to Prime Minister on Climate Change Malik Ameen Aslam. The press conference was held after the policy was approved in a cabinet meeting chaired by Prime Minister Imran Khan.

its presence in the Indian market, and has identified some of the new initiatives of the

Describing the details of the policy, he said that local car manufacturers had already

Indian government as a key growth area.

completed most of the preliminary work, adding that he was surprised to see the

Taiwan-based companies have invested around $360 million in India last year, twelve times

acknowledgment by the manufacturers who are waiting to roll out their electric vehicles

their investment in 2016, and are likely to invest more going ahead, Ambassador Chung-

into the market. The target set for next four years is to convert 100,000 cars and 500,000

Kwang Tien said.

two and three wheeler vehicles to EVs.

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 7

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Global News

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ussia’s Rosatom May Buy Controlling Stake In Chile Lithium Project.

Uranium One Group, a subsidiary of Russia’s state nuclear company Rosatom, may buy a controlling stake in a lithium project in Chile from Canada-listed Wealth Minerals Ltd. Rosatom, the world’s biggest nuclear company by foreign orders, offered Chile technology which, according to the Russian company, can boost output of lithium, a key ingredient in electric vehicle batteries, lobbyist transparency filings.

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aleo Partners With Dana For Hybrid And Electric Vehicles.

That has left behind decades’ worth of waste rock, known in the industry as tailings. Rio said it had been probing the tailings for gold and discovered lithium at a concentration higher than rival U.S. projects under development, although the company declined to give the exact percentage.

The company is spending $10 million to build a pilot plant that will extract the white metal using a heat-and-leaching process involving a kiln heated to 1,740°F (949°C).

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ne-Third Of Aussies Want An Electric Car In The Next Five Years.

A new report has predicted that electric cars are in for a bumpy ride in Australia.

French global automotive supplier Valeo has entered into a partnership with Dana for

New research has shown two-thirds of Australians can’t ever imagine owning an electric

global cooperation for 48V hybrid and electric vehicles. First product under the partnership

car. But on the flip side the survey by Origin Energy found that one-third of Aussies

will be launched in early 2020 and as the company says, a major European carmaker will

predicted they would own an electric vehicle within the next five years.

use that on series production cars.

Origin’s data showed that on average a petrol car driven 10,000km a year would cost its

The two companies will provide all components to electrify light urban vehicles and also

owner about $1350 annually, while an EV can be charged for about $350. The optimistic

to hybridize vehicles weighing up to 2.5 tons. The components include an electric motor

outlook on electric vehicle take-up is due to a surge in younger drivers keen to get into

and an inverter, that acts as the brain of the EV by enabling it to generate voltage and

zero-emissions motoring. Almost half of drivers aged 18-34 said they would want an

alternating current from a power source of a different voltage of frequency, claims the

electric car. This compares to just 19 per cent of those aged over 55.

company.

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olvo Starts Selling Electric Trucks In Europe.

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oyota Strengthens Japan Partnerships With Bigger Subaru Stake.

Volvo Trucks has announced the start of sales of its Volvo FL and Volvo FE electric

trucks in selected markets within Europe, informed the Swedish company in a release.

Toyota Motor Corp will raise its stake in Subaru Corp to 20% from around 17%, as they

Volvo Trucks claims that in the absence of exhaust emissions and with reduced noise levels

leverage their scale to better compete in developing new vehicle technologies. The

from electric trucks offer huge potential in urban areas.

investment comes a month after Toyota and another smaller Japanese automaker, Suzuki

Volvo FL Electric and Volvo FE Electric trucks were developed in collaboration with selected

Motor Corp, said they would take small equity stakes in each other.

customers operating in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Such tie-ups highlight how automakers are scrambling to chase scale, manage costs

Jonas Odermalm, VP Product Line Electromobility, said, “Global urbanization requires urban

and boost development required to develop self-driving cars, electric vehicles and new

logistics and truck transport with zero emissions and less noise with increasing urgency.

mobility services which are upending the global auto industry.

With the Volvo FL Electric and Volvo FE Electric we are able to meet both the strong

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reen Number Plates Planned For Electric Cars.

Drivers of electric cars across the UK may soon be using special green number plates

under new plans. The aim is to make it possible for local authorities to allow zero-emission vehicles to benefit from incentives such as cheaper parking. The government hopes it will boost electric car sales, helping it achieve its 2050 target of net zero emissions.The government said a similar licence plate scheme introduced on a trial basis in the Canadian province of Ontario had led to an increase in electric vehicle registrations.

However, RAC head of roads policy Nicholas Lyes said: “While the sentiment seems right, there are question marks as to whether drivers would see this as a badge of honour or alternatively it could foster resentment among existing drivers of petrol and diesel vehicles.

environmental demands as well as the high commercial requirements of our customers.”

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orkplace EV Charging Is on the Rise New research finds significant growth potential in the North American and

European workplace EV charging markets. There were nearly 5 million light-duty electric vehicles on the road at the end of 2018 ⁠— roughly 50 percent more than the year before.

Wood Mackenzie now expects the global EV stock to surpass 37 million by 2025. That’s 37 million drivers looking for suitable places to charge their cars. The electric vehicle (EV) revolution depends on getting the right infrastructure in the right locations.

Workplace charging is on the rise Wood Mackenzie’s research on the North America and Europe workplace EV charging markets finds that these areas could see 500,000 workplace charger units by 2022 and reach over 1.25 million chargers by 2025. Europe has the

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olar Chargers Were Used To Charge Electric Cars When The California Power Grids Were Shut Down.

potential to contribute 700,000 of those units, thanks to the higher proportion of people living in apartment blocks.

One of the reasons why electric cars are popular with California residents is because it is green energy and does not use fossil fuels. No really expected it but the charging network went down. Many Tesla and electric car owners were left with dead electric batteries. For all the conveniences and eco-friendly benefits that are one of the draws to own an EV or an ICE (Internal Combustion Engine) that emitted greenhouse gases.

Immediately Tesla sent out power packs to residents that needed it for their cars. This dilemma revealed one major weakness and Tesla will retrofit their charging station with solar cells. Avoiding the possibility of disabling their supercharger grid. Tesla has yet to see the need for a solar-powered car, though the power outage has poked holes into the argument. Even with forewarning of a blackout, most EV owners can manage one full charge. What happens after when the power goes dry.

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io Tinto Studying Ways To Produce Lithium From Waste Rock At California Mine.

Rio Tinto Plc is studying ways to extract lithium from waste rock at a mine it controls in California, Rio has produced borates - a group of minerals used to make soaps, cosmetics and other consumer goods - for nearly a century in the Mojave Desert, about 120 miles (195 km) north of Los Angeles.

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 8

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ermany to hike electric car subsidies as VW launches car Germany plans to increase by half the grants available to buyers of electric cars over

the five years from 2020. Grants for plug-in hybrids will rise from 3,000 to 4,500 euros. For vehicles priced over 40,000 euros the grants will rise to 5,000 euros.

The government wants to have 10 million electric vehicles on the roads by 2030, part of an offensive designed to turn round the German car industry’s perceived laggard status in e-mobility compared to its rivals in the United States and China.

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lectric car sales were dramatically boosted in October as total UK car sales fall

ELECTRIC car sales were up again in October with a massive 151.8 percent boost from figures released 12 months ago as consumers jump to purchase eco-friendly vehicles.

New electric car registrations were boosted from just 1,256 in October 2018 to 3,162 last month. New sales of mild hybrid electric vehicles saw an incredible 378.1 percent rise in October 2019 compared to last year as sales of hybrid electric vehicles were also up 28.9 percent.

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EMobility+ • August-September 2019 9

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In Conversation

“Our Vision Is To Be Innovative Leaders In The Field Of Affordable Green Mobility Solutions” Miss. Sulajja Firodia Motwani, CEO, Kinetic Green Energy and Power Solutions

Let’s begin with a glimpse of your company’s presence and offerings in India?

Kinetic Green is a leading player of manufacturing government approved electric 3

We kicked off our Pure play EV venture, Kinetic Green energy and power solutions in

is 1 of only 2 manufacturers of electric 3-wheelers to qualify for Government of India’s

2014 with a dream to bring green mobility solution for masses in India. Kinetic Green is the latest venture from Kinetic and Firodia Group. Our vision is to be innovative leaders

wheelers in India. Kinetic Green is aggressively tapping the electric vehicle space and

FAME II incentives meeting the stringent performance and local supply chain criteria.

in the field of affordable green mobility solutions. We strive to create well-engineered

Our dynamic vision coupled with constant aim to strive for better and cleaner mobility

and economical models suitable for the evolving markets.

solutions has led us to achieve many 1st milestones under its name. Kinetic Green

Today the company stands tall as one of the leading players in the electric vehicle

is the 1st company to develop ARAI approved electric 3-wheelers as well as the

space which offers a wide range of battery-operated vehicles such as E-Autos, E-Carts

1st to offer Lithium ion battery technology on their autos in India. It is also the 1st

and Buggies. Currently Kinetic Green provides mechanically superior & technologically smart product portfolio for retail, B2B and B2G customers through its nationwide network. The company has its manufacturing facility at Ahmednagar in Maharashtra, with an assembly capacity of 6,000 electric 3-wheelers per month.

How do you see your company evolved over the years?

Green mobility for masses is our goal and I think we as a company are evolving very fast. We at Kinetic are creating a vast all India network of dealers and service providers for EV sales across the country. Currently we have a network of 150 exclusive dealership

organisation to implement Battery Swapping technology with Ola with a fleet of 100 electric 3-wheelers at Nagpur and Gurgaon.

We always strive to create well-engineered yet economical models for the evolving market and stay ahead in the business and this is what helps us in catering to the ever changing customer environment and their needs.

Are there any specific reforms that you would like to see in the

and we plan to expand the same to 300 over the next 2 years. So far since inception

EV Indian sector?

we have sold close to 25,000 units and for the current fiscal alone, we intend to sell

The electric vehicle segment is already getting a lot of attention from the government

about 15,000 units. Presently we have vehicles from low- to medium-speed. We will soon launching a high-speed e-rickshaw with a top speed of 55 km as also a highspeed product in the cargo segment. Apart from that we also have just signed a Joint

and NITI Aayog. I feel it is indeed a big opportunity for Indian manufacturers which can help them target not only domestic market but also exports.

Venture with Italian luxury accessories maker Tonino Lamborghini SpA to design and

Recently government has unveiled many incentives for electric vehicles including

manufacture premium segment electric and solar golf carts for the global market. We

income tax rebates for buyers, GST reduction on EVs from 12% to 5%, lower custom

also recently signed an MoU with Nagpur MahaMetro to provide last-mile connectivity with e-rickshaws to commuters. Soon we will also be launching new electric vehicle for last mile deliveries which can be used by SMEs and E-Commerce companies for

duties on lithium ion battery components for electric vehicles. Another highly encouraging development is the approval and adoption of FAME II: Government’s

their businesses. With current Government’s focus on electric mobility, I see many new

detailed policy to incentivize and support accelerated adoption of EVs. These initiatives

opportunities coming for us in the near future.

have removed policy uncertainties in the electric vehicles segment and paved ways

What technological breakthroughs can we expect from your company in the coming years?

We are proud to have a robust in-house DSIR recognized R&D centre which focuses

for higher investments and adoption. Therefore, these measures clearly indicates that government has taken right steps in the right direction for a rapid increase in investments in the EV space by the industry and adoption of EVs by the consumers.

on designing and developing durable yet affordable range of electric vehicles with a

In the near future India will see higher level of electric vehicle adoption and great

vision to bring this technology and its benefits within the reach of common man.

progress will be made. I appreciate Government’s commitment to lower pollution in

I think it’s our R&D team and several decades of automotive experience coupled with

our cities and move towards fuel security of our nation. I don’t think now Government

deep knowledge of the Indian market that makes us different and puts us ahead of other manufacturers entering this space. It was sheer hard work of our R&D team that gave us the title of being industry’s 1st company to develop ARAI approved electric 3-wheelers and have over 90% local content. We are also first in this industry to come

needs to come up with any more reforms or policies. Now the responsibility lies with us when it comes to promoting green mobility. We will now only need support from the government when it comes to setting up the infrastructure for charging stations.

up with swappable battery technology. No doubt our R&D teams plays an important role in the company’s growth.

Kinetic Green has partnered with MahaMetro to provide

In the near future we will implement battery swapping solutions aggressively and will

e-Rickshaws, please let us know more about the association?

also scale up the investments in R&D significantly to stay ahead of the technology curve, especially in terms of Iot solutions, powertrain technology and battery related technologies. Currently almost 90% of the content in our vehicles are localised and

Kinetic Green has recently signed MoU with MahaMetro for last mile connectivity using e-rickshaws. Under this MoU Kinetic Green will provide our electric 3-wheelers

we have our own design, IP for our range. With our sound R&D we will soon achieve

‘Kinetic Safar’ which is ideally suited for last mile connectivity and urban commuting.

100 per cent localisation of our e-vehicles with the last three major parts also getting

Kinetic will provide green and affordable last mile rides at Rs. 10 to the passenger of

localised.

Nagpur. These electric vehicles can be booked from mobile app and people will be

How do you cope with the ever-changing customer environments?

able to pay online through card or mobile payment methods. Currently, as part of the initial pilot, this e-rickshaw service will be made available to commuters at Khapri,

It is imperative to mention that electric vehicle market is gaining momentum in India

New Airport, Airport South, Airport Jaiprakash Nagar, Sitabardi Subhash Nagar and

and we can anticipate disruption in the automotive industry.

Lokmanya Nagar Metro Station.

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 10

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In Conversation

“Lithion Power Provides An Iot-Enabled, Data-Driven Intelligent Energy Platform (IEP) For Electric Vehicles (EVS) Mr. Piyush Gupta, Founder & CEO, Lithion Power Pvt. Ltd

Lithion Power provides an IoT-enabled, data-driven Intelligent Energy platform (IEP) for

How do you plan to strengthen the network of Lithion Swapping Points (LSP) across India?

Electric Vehicles (EVs) - this includes smart charging & swapping infrastructure along with

Unlike other battery swapping stations that can only accommodate and service only

hardware modules, embedded software & data analytics, that enables you to track &

particular battery models, Lithion Swapping Points™ (LSPs) are battery manufacture and

control assets in real-time & facilitate optimal energy utilization.

EV OEM agnostic. Our Intelligent Energy Platform for Electric Vehicles™ (IEP-EV) enables

Kindly give us a brief introduction of your company?

Presently engaged in two and three wheeler verticals, we provide the necessary technology and infrastructure for any EV OEM or battery pack manufacturer to enter the battery swap tech ecosystem by facilitating the requisite hardware and software integration. Through this, we give the added advantage to a fleet operator to pick/choose the desired battery pack and vehicle depending on their cost and technology requirements.

Primarily a data-driven tech company, we collect more than 1million+ real-time data points a day spread across several battery parameters such as temperature, individual cell voltages, current, the rate of discharge, capacity left and location.

We are working with EV OEMs, battery manufacturers, fleet operators, asset managers & other entities in the EV ecosystem to make an EV-only India, a reality by 2030

What have been some of the recent developments at your organisation?

any battery pack manufacturer or EV OEM to come on board the battery swap ecosystem.

This is achieved through the requisite hardware and software integration and vehiclebattery pack match-making.

Once any battery pack manufacturer comes on board, our first step is to ensure that the battery pack has a smart BMS (Battery Management System). If not, we integrate a smart BMS with the battery that is capable of analysing and measuring several battery parameters along with sending battery statistics to our server. Secondly, we undertake a match-making process with several EV OEMs that have been on boarded, for understanding which vehicle would be compatible with different battery pack configuration. Upon finalisation, we match both the battery pack manufacturer and EV OEM, with our tech.

In effect, through our platform, we give an added advantage to a fleet operator to pick/ choose the desired battery pack and vehicle depending on their requirements.

Recently, we were awarded a project from Ministry of Electronics and Information

Where do you see the development of electric cars in the coming years?

Technology (MEITY) to develop indigenous motor controllers for low-powered electric

Since high-powered electric cars (as compared to three wheelers or two wheelers) require

vehicles. The project is being developed in partnership with the Delhi Technical University

enormous battery packs and high voltage charging, it can result in heavy dependence on

and once completed, it would drastically lower dependency of Indian EV manufacturers

the grid. Hence, considering grid level changes that should take place to accommodate

towards Chinese imports for motor controllers.

the additional energy required for such high-powered electric cars, we feel the pace

Our R&D team is also working on developing a battery cooling system for EVs that will be

of development of such electric cars will be considerably slower as compared to three

conducive for Indian ambient & operating temperature. Almost all battery cells used in

wheelers or two wheelers.

EVs in India today are fine tuned for foreign climatic conditions (considering all cells are

Moreover, today a high-powered electric car is considerably expensive as compared with

imported) and these cells can get easily damaged upon exposure to our widely varying

a conventional engine of the same range. However, just as smartphones evolved from a

climate. Hence by developing an indigenous cooling system for EVs, we are addressing

device that only a few could afford to one of the cheapest electronic devices today, we

one of the biggest requirements in the industry.

believe the cost of battery packs will considerably reduce on technology improvement,

Our overseas expansion plans are also taking off quite well. We are close to kick starting our pilot project in Europe which will be mainly focused on providing battery swap solutions for electric boats. A joint development program is also in progress with a US-based entity.

increased demand, and increased production, paving the way for cheaper and affordable electric cars in the coming years.

One of the biggest steps towards achieving that feat would be setting up a cell manufacturing facility in India. This can indirectly result in lower cost for battery packs

Is battery swapping the way forward for early adoption of

considering the availability of cheap labour, raw materials and cost of production that

Electric Vehicles (EVs) in India

India facilitates.

Yes, we believe so. Considering that public charging infrastructure is at its nascent stage, we believe battery swapping is a convenient way out, primarily for fleet operators. EVs make absolute sense to fleet operators in terms of economics, operating costs, and EV charging infrastructure logistics. Moreover, since fleet operators use same/similar model of vehicles for their fleet, the battery and vehicle compatibility constraints that a conventional EV

Recently, we were awarded a project from Ministry of Electronics and Information

owner may face in a battery swap ecosystem is largely absent.

Technology (MEITY) to develop indigenous

However, one must understand that for a battery swap ecosystem to thrive, some

motor controllers for low-powered electric

additional number of battery packs are required to replace the discharged battery packs.

This is an additional cost on the system, but can be easily optimised by using smart, connected telematics solutions. Hence it is imperative that any battery swap fleet owner incorporate such telematics to lower operating costs & to efficiently manage battery pack distribution and charging. For instance, a fleet operator can analyse which vehicles have SOC levels (State-of-charge for a battery) below 30% and can assign swapping stations in such a way that two vehicles do not arrive at the same swapping station at the same time.

Moreover, it can ascertain whether any battery packs are remaining idle with full charge at any swapping station and can direct a vehicle plying nearby with considerable lower charge to swap at the station thereby ensuring that no charged battery pack is left idle.

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 11

vehicles. The project is being developed in partnership with the Delhi Technical University and once completed, it would drastically lower dependency of Indian EV manufacturers towards Chinese imports for motor controllers.

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In Conversation

“We Provide A Customised Solution For Lithium-Ion Battery Packs & Modules According To The Customers Need” Mr. Neeraj Kumar Singal, Director, Semco Group

Let’s begin with a glimpse of your company’s presence and offerings in India?

What according to you are the current bottlenecks which may impede growth for this sector?

Semco Infratech is a venture of Semco Group which is dedicated towards a sustainable

With the advent of new technology in the market we can surely see multiple

future. This venture is working in 3 verticals:

bottlenecks which are hampering the growth of this industry, there are challenges

a. Lithium-ion battery pack manufacturing: We provide a customised solution for lithium-ion battery packs and modules according to the customers need. The solution capacity ranges from a few kilowatts up to Megawatts. The solution is made with high precision machinery and tested multiple times before handing over to the customer.

from the governments end like subsidy structure on the vehicles and the charging infrastructure, standardization of the EV charging technology which makes it difficult for the charging station owner to decide what kind of chargers should be installed as the good quality chargers comes with a cost. From the Infrastructure end there are challenges with the power supply and the power distribution infrastructure because someone wants to install a single combo charger with 122 kW output then they have

b. Precision Equipment for battery assembly: Semco provides Precision Test and

to take into account the power distribution infrastructure which is required to supply

Measurement Equipment for Lithium-Ion Battery Manufacturing, EVSE infrastructure

the adequate power to the chargers, also apart from the NCT region the average

and Energy storage systems. Their partners have provided equipment to the world

power quality and the power outages will create a big hassle as the whole business

leaders like CATL, EVE, BYD, and many more. Semco Infratech is equipped with

revolves around the average utilization time of the chargers. There are a few other

qualified sales and service engineers to assist with the client’s requirements and

basic challenges like the production of the lithium-ion cells in India.

deliver innovative technologies with high value-added services to satisfy our global customer demands. c. EV Chargers: In EV charging segment we are representing the world’s #1 EV charging solution provider “EV Box” in India. The product range has both AC (3.722kW) and DC (50-350 kW) chargers. The chargers are highly efficient and contain all the advanced features like smart charging, remote management and monitoring etc.

Could you tell us more about your product offerings and their specifications?

We provide a full range of EV chargers, the capacity starts from 3.7 kW to 22 kW in AC charging with AC type 2 output standard, 50-175 kW Fast DC Charging with

How do you foresee the future growth of charging infrastructure for Electric Vehicles?

The EV charging sector will definitely grow exponentially in the next 3-5 years. As of now there are not much electric vehicles on the road, because the price of Li-ion battery is high and purchasing an electric vehicle for personal use is not viable and on the other hand if we use it for the commercial application then because of the battery constraints ( Low voltage and Low capacity) the operations runs very tightly. But the good thing is that the prices of the lithium-ion cells are coming down and as per the trend we can match the cost of an EV with and ICE within next 3-5 years and at that time the EV charging infrastructure market will see a boom as we have seen in the Solar and telecom sector.

CCS and ChaDemo configuration. All the chargers are OCPP 1.5 and above based for

Semco Infratech has recently partnered with EVBox, kindly tell us more about the association.

Charger to backend communication and OCPI based for interoperability within the

Since we always believe that if we are talking about a sustainable future then we must

Mobility Service Providers. With over 75,000 charging points across more than 55

go for a product which can ensure long-term operation. EV Box has already proved

countries worldwide, we help electric drivers get access to charging infrastructure at

themselves in this respect as in 2014 they have won a tender for 4000 EV Chargers for

CCS, ChaDeMo configuration and from 175-350 kW for Ultra-Fast DC charging with

any point in their journey.

On the software side, we provide a Platform As A Service solution Everon which provides a tailor-made solution to its customers and consisting of all the features one can ever think of for EV charging.

the city of Amsterdam and till date, the uptime of these chargers is 99.85% which in fact a remarkable feat for an EV Charger solution provider. As Semco and EV Box share the same ideology hence the synergy matched and we are their sole representative for the Indian Territory.

As of now, both organizations have a clear strategy of providing the most advanced,

For smart charging, we also provide a firmware called SMATCH which gives you access

efficient, scalable EV charging solution which can ensure the growth of the e-mobility

to the smart charging features like Dynamic load balancing, Peak Shaving and Hub

in India with great returns to the stakeholders in the value chain.

Sattelite model for the EV chargers where you just need to have just a single smart charger and you can connect up to 20 simple chargers with that smart charger and they all will act as a smart charger.

Tell us a bit about the recent technology advancements in the sector which are driving the industry forward?

Recently, we have seen the integration of renewable energy and smart metering which is actually helping curb pollutants from the environment as generally, the energy we take to power up the vehicle comes from the conventional sources of energy like thermal power plants but with the integration of renewable energy the energy which we transfer to the vehicle is more greener. With the integration of smart meters, there are multiple benefits to many stakeholders in the value chain as the DISCOM will be able to easily calculate the exact load requirements, the V2G concept can be implemented easily.

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 12

We provide a full range of EV chargers, the capacity starts from 3.7 kW to 22 kW in AC charging with AC type 2 output standard, 50-175 kW Fast DC Charging with CCS, ChaDeMo configuration and from 175-350 kW for Ultra-Fast DC charging with CCS and ChaDemo configuration.

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In Conversation

“We Are A Leading Global Provider Of Die-Casting Technology For The Automotive Industry” Mr. Kedar Vaidya, Head of Advanced Materials, Bühler technologies Let’s begin with a glimpse of your company’s presence and offerings in India?

How do you manage to provide quality after-sales service to your prestigious customer base?

Billions of people come into contact with Bühler technologies to cover their basic needs for food and mobility every day. Two billion people each day enjoy foods produced on Bühler equipment; and one billion people travel in vehicles manufactured with parts produced with our machinery. Countless people wear eye glasses, use smart phones, and read newspapers and magazines, all of which depend on Bühler process technologies and solutions. Having this global relevance, we are in a unique position to turn today’s global challenges into sustainable business. We want every human being to have access to healthy food. We want to do our part to protect the climate with energy-efficient cars, buildings, and machinery. Our motto is creating “innovations for a better world.”

At Bühler, we believe in quality and lifetime partnerships with our customers. With prompt customer service, including maintenance, product testing, training and digital services designed to boost and maintain production performance.

Bühler invests up to 5% of turnover into research and development. In 2018, over 13,000 employees generated a turnover of CHF 3.3 billion. As a Swiss family-owned company, Bühler is active in 140 countries around the world and operates a global network of 30 production sites.

Bühler started its India operations in the year 1992, with its principal office and factory located at Attibele, Bengaluru. More than 600 employees supporting individual needs across South Asia. Bühler has zonal offices in New Delhi, Pune, Kolkata, Raipur & branch offices in Hyderabad, Kakinada, Vadodara. Bühler has appointed 25 authorized channel partners across South Asia.

Bühler service stations across India ensures speedy and immediate high-quality service.

The vast national network provides a local presence for faster response and shortened delivery times. Trained specialist engineers cater to after-sales service throughout the life cycles of the equipment or plant.

GRAINS & FOOD We significantly contribute to safely feeding the world as a front-runner in the global production and processing of wheat, corn, oats, rye, rice, pasta, cereal, and pulses. Our Grains & Food solutions and digital technologies help manufacturers make safe and healthy finished products for both human and animal nutrition.

CONSUMER FOODS We offer the full gamut of technologies and solutions to bring life’s little pleasures to people all over the world. From equipment to roast cocoa beans, machines to prepare dough, ovens for baking wafers, and enrobing machines for that final delicious chocolatey touch, Consumer Foods is the single source from raw material to tasty sweets and savory treats.

ADVANCED MATERIALS We provide solutions for die-casting, wet-grinding, and thin-film technologies for highvolume application areas, including the automotive industry, precision optics, ophthalmics, electronics, packaging, inks, and paints. Our Advanced Materials solutions and technologies help manufacturers produce higher-efficiency vehicles, make buildings more economical, advance telecommunications, and give better eyesight to wearers of prescription lenses.

Having 104 service stations worldwide, we are close to our customers. With the strong presence, we ensure our customer services and training are designed to keep you up to date on products and technologies, giving you the confidence and experience you need.

Continued investment in our skills, on site with our Service Academy our Commitment is to provide top service quality.

Bühler offices in India; Headquarters: Bengaluru, India.

Zonal offices: New Delhi, Kolkata, Pune, Lucknow and Raipur Branch Offices: Hyderabad, Kakinada and Vadodara

What according to you are the strengths of the company that would help you be successful in the e-mobility industry?

Meeting the mobility challenge Creating truly sustainable transport solutions means addressing fuel efficiency, battery power, vehicle weight, and more.

We are a leading global provider of die-casting technology for the automotive industry.

Lightweight components made of aluminum, and lightweight design of engine blocks, shock towers and other parts can help improve mileage and dramatically cut fuel consumption and carbon emissions.

In order to meet the ever-growing need for lithium-ion batteries for the e-mobility market, Bühler has developed a unique process for the fully continuous mixing of electrode slurries. Our electrode slurry manufacturing process also allows saving up to 50% of investment and operation costs. Increasing demand means larger-scale production, and our ContiMixer process combines the basic operations of continuous raw material dosing, pre-mixing, kneading, fine-dispersing and degassing in a single device. This cuts operating costs while ensuring optimum product quality.

What is the company’s vision for the coming years?

Innovations for a better world.

Eight topics to make the world a better place. Mobility, Food safety, Climate protection, Resource efficiency, Nutrition, People and engagement, Digitalization, and Sustainability.

Creating tomorrow together. Today, global food, feed, and mobility systems are causing global challenges. We want to turn these into business opportunities – and invite our customers, partners, scientists, and talents to jointly develop the solutions of tomorrow with us.

What is the most unique or interesting product your company is working on?

If the world is serious about reducing emissions, people will need to change how they commute. At Bühler we are uniquely placed to make a vital contribution for efforts for reducing emission, climate control and efficient usage of resources.

Our technology helps drive improvements in the automotive industry – from die-casting, wet-grinding and thin-film-coated solutions to automation solutions for manufacturing hybrid products. We are creating new solutions for tomorrow’s mobility - from die-casting lightweight aluminum parts to vacuum thin-film coated automotive glass and battery slurry for electric cars.

Die Casting: As a leading global supplier to the automotive industry, our die-casting solutions help produce powertrain components for 50% of all new cars worldwide.

Battery Boost: We have a wide range of solutions for the crucial process steps in LIB (lithium-ion battery) cell production. They include continuous twin-screw electrode slurry mixers and solutions for wet grinding active materials and precursors or innovative process solutions are designed to reduce costs and increase yields.

One of the world’s biggest challenges is how to maintain sustainable growth while preserving natural resources. Forecasts predict that we will be using 30% more energy in 2040 than we do today. This will require constant technological advances in battery production.

EMobility+ •• August-September August-September 2019 2019 13 13 EMobility+

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INDUSTRY Industry Insights INSIGHTS

EV Highlights Till Date

� Electric mobility is expanding at a rapid pace. In 2018, the global electric car fleet

� An average battery electric car and plug-in hybrid electric car using electricity

exceeded 5.1 million, up 2 million from the previous year and almost doubling the

characterised by the current global average carbon intensity (518 grammes of carbon-

number of new electric car sales. The People’s Republic of China remains the world’s

dioxide equivalent per kilowatt-hour [g CO2-eq/kWh]) emit less GHGs than a global

largest electric car market, followed by Europe and the United States. Norway is the

average ICE vehicle using gasoline over their life cycle. But the extent ultimately depends

global leader in terms of electric car market share.

on the power mix: CO2 emissions savings are significantly higher for electric cars used

� Policies play a critical role. Leading countries in electric mobility use a variety of measures such as fuel economy standards coupled with incentives for zero- and low-emissions vehicles, economic instruments that help bridge the cost gap between electric and

in countries where the power generation mix is dominated by low-carbon sources. In countries where the power generation mix is dominated by coal, hybrid vehicles exhibit lower emissions than EVs.

conventional vehicles and support for the deployment of charging infrastructure.

� The EV uptake and related battery production requirements imply bigger demand for

Increasingly, policy support is being extended to address the strategic importance of

new materials in the automotive sector, requiring increased attention to raw materials

the battery technology value chain.

supply. Traceability and transparency of raw material supply chains are key instruments

� Technology advances are delivering substantial cost cuts. Key enablers are developments in battery chemistry and expansion of production capacity in manufacturing plants.

Other solutions include the redesign of vehicle manufacturing platforms using simpler and innovative design architecture, and the application of big data to right size batteries. � Private sector response to public policy signals confirms the escalating momentum for electrification of transport. In particular, recent announcements by vehicle manufacturers are ambitious regarding intentions to electrify the car and bus markets.

Battery manufacturing is also undergoing important transitions, including major investments to expand production. Utilities, charging point operators, charging hardware manufacturers and other power sector stakeholders are also boosting investment in charging infrastructure � These dynamic developments underpin a positive outlook for the increased deployment of electric vehicles and charging infrastructure. In 2030, in the New Policies Scenario,

to help address the criticalities associated with raw material supply by fostering sustainable sourcing of minerals. The development of binding regulatory frameworks is important to ensure that international multi-stakeholder co-operation can effectively address these challenges. The battery end-of-life management – including second-life applications of automotive batteries, standards for battery waste management and environmental requirements on battery design – is also crucial to reduce the volumes of critical raw materials needed for batteries and to limit risks of shortages. � Absent adjustments to current transport-related taxation schemes, the increasing uptake of electric vehicles has the potential to change the tax revenue base derived from vehicle and fuel taxes. Gradually increasing taxes on carbon-intensive fuels, combined with the use of location specific distance-based charges can support the long-term transition to zero-emissions mobility while maintaining revenue from taxes on transportation.

which includes the impact of announced policy ambitions, global electric car sales reach 23 million and the stock exceeds 130 million vehicles (excluding two/three-wheelers). In the EV30@30 Scenario, which accounts for the pledges of the EVI EV30@30 Campaign to reach 30% market share for electric vehicles (EVs) by 2030 (excluding two/threewheelers), EV sales reach 43 million and the stock is more than 250 million. Projected EV stock in the New Policies Scenario would cut demand for oil products by 127 million tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe) (about 2.5 million barrels per day [mb/d]) in 2030, while with more EVs in the EV30@30 Scenario the reduced oil demand is estimated at 4.3 mb/d. Electricity demand to serve EVs is projected to reach almost 640 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2030 in the New Policies Scenario and 1 110 TWh in the EV30@30 Scenario. � On a well-to-wheel basis, greenhouse gas (GHG) projected emissions from EVs will continue to be lower than for conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles.

In the New Policies Scenario, GHG emissions of the EV fleet reach almost 230 million tonnes of carbon-dioxide equivalent (Mt CO2-eq) in 2030, offsetting about 220 Mt

Technology advances are delivering substantial cost cuts. Key enablers are developments in battery chemistry and expansion of production capacity in manufacturing plants. Other solutions include the redesign of vehicle manufacturing platforms using simpler and innovative design architecture, and

CO2-eq emissions. In the EV30@30 Scenario, the assumed trajectory for power grid decarbonisation is consistent with the IEA Sustainable Development Scenario and further strengthens GHG emission reductions from EVs.

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 14

the application of big data to right size batteries.

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Perspective

India Has A Great Ground To Cover On The Shift To E-Mobility, What Is The Way Forward?

Mr. Ravindra Mohan, Director- Business & Strategies, TecSo Charge Zone (P) Ltd

The adoption of electric vehicles is no longer a question for tomorrow. For India, the transition to electric vehicles is now a big opportunity to become cleaner, more sustainable, and save foreign exchange.

It will need a comprehensive and wholistic approach, that is tuned to Indian conditions. The success of the transition to EV will depend on: 1. New breed of 2W OEMs have mushroomed to meet the latent demand. But in 3 / 4W space there are limited choices of owner ship at the most popular price point.

Way forward is that manufacturer to find solutions that include the redesign of vehicle manufacturing platforms using simpler and innovative design architecture, and the

Way forward is GOI should also pass-on similar incentives to private players with due safeguards of minimum operating period.

3. The third is meeting the additional power demand. Once public charging stations are created in good numbers, drivers opting for ‘highly dangerous alternative charging at home’ (daisy-chaining), can be brought under control. Thus, allowing DISCOMS to develop appropriate electrical infrastructure to support EV charging.

Way forward is a future where Charging stations combine solar and battery storage facilities alongside smart energy algorithms that allow them to buy and sell energy in the smartest, most efficient way.

4. The fourth India should get in a big way in battery manufacturing to meet its mobility transformation goals, that support global-scale production facilities.

application of big data to right size batteries. For 4W price of 8-10 lakh will help to tap

Way forward is that in addition to battery manufacturing, policy support to be extended

the latent private ownership of e-vehicles. Government can support by providing tax

to address the strategic importance of the battery technology value chain (second life

holidays, special zones etc to EV ancillaries.

usage, R&D etc.).

2. The second is lack of access to safe, swift, reliable charging points. GOI’s EOI to subsidise the Chargers price for government bodies and public sector may give some traction.

5. The last but not the least is demand side fiscal and non-fiscal incentives (other than Fame 2), like – registration, grants, tax wave-off, free parking, battery buy-back methodology, zone restriction for ICE vehicles, incentive for low or zero-emissions. laying down guidelines for insurance and leasing of EVs etc.

Mr. Sushovan Bej, Senior Consultant -Electric Mobility, E&Y The electric mobility story for India does not require the old story

Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (by amending Urban and Regional Development

of what needs to come first. With the acceptance already been

Plans to incorporate charging infrastructures) and Department of Heavy Industry under

established among the stakeholders that charging infrastructure

Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises (encouraging initial demand of electric

needs to come first and state governments needs to align to

vehicles through incentive mechanism), the need of the hour is to enforce the guidelines/

the same approach through state policies, tariff structures for

policies/regulations collectively so as to create a holistic and sustainable electric mobility

charging infrastructure, guidelines & standards for charging infrastructure. What remains

ecosystem. Going forward, governments should only play a facilitative role by developing

to be seen is how the market operates to quickly churn out market fit (but efficient)

holistic (and realistic!) roadmaps and efficient policies/regulations/guidelines to enable

products.

the sustainability of the ecosystem being/to be developed.

Today, the success of electric vehicles depends on accessible real estate for deployment

With auto manufacturers constantly churning out newer and higher battery capacity EVs

of charging infrastructure and market-fit products to encourage demand. Though relevant

in the market, a recommendation that the industry have constantly asked the government

governments have worked on their parts to promote electric mobility, such as Ministry

to consider is to enable (through the FAME subsidy scheme) the charging infrastructure

of Power (by defining standards and guidelines for charging infrastructure of EVs),

providers to deploy chargers of higher capacity, so as to future-proof their investments.

Mr. Abhijeet Sinha, Project Director, National Highways for Electric Vehicles World is moving ahead from the concept of ‘Stop to Charge’

or using an online payment portal, or navigating to a nearby EV charger, etc. and this

and millennials has started taking vehicles as service no more

User ID are the vehicle registration number of the vehicle since 2 vehicles can’t have

product. Getting an electric vehicle on 40% less than market

the same registration number. So, this serves as a reassurance system to the banks

price and getting on the road breakdown support within 30

and they can monitor the situation of the vehicle in question, thereby ensuring via this

minutes, are two key drivers that can run E-Mobility faster that

control that they continue to fund the upcoming EV projects and more electric vehicles

expected. But projects like #NHforEV2020 offering such breakthrough user facilities

in India can be brought about with ease.

are very less and despite of strong leadership support and self-sustainable economics

Max 30 Min Backup TAT for EV breakdown on #NHforEV2020 highways

they face bureaucratic hassles of slow procurement. An Ease of Doing Business single

Charging stations at one side distance of every 50 kms. Each charging station shall

window clearance is badly needed.

be equipped with 50 km Geo Fencing and emergency SOS services for vehicles under

The Way Forward:

its circle. ECU / BMS of EVs are connected with the nearest station through network

Electric Vehicles in India To Get the World’s First Anti-Theft System Banks hold vehicle itself as collateral security of vehicle loans. If the vehicle is getting stolen, the process of retrieving work on a seamless connectivity it makes the case stronger to retrieve vehicle. #NHforEV2020 is putting a binding regulatory force for the same where is the Central Electric Vehicle Registration System (EVRS) User ID of the particular stolen vehicle shall be banned from using a Google API, Digital Wallet

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 15

for real-time updates; as soon as the battery level drops below 20%, nearest station prepares standby breakdown backup vehicle and dispatch it to EV breakup location, if EV stops before reaching charging point / station. This technical deployment of breakdown services covers 500km stretch of NHEV from Jaipur to Delhi upto Agra and plays an important role in indicating 100% assurance of on road service (in comparison to food/service delivery turnaround time in metro cities in India and abroad) to EV users against their ‘Range Anxiety’.

www.emobilityplus.com

Perspective

WHAT ARE THE LATEST INNOVATION TRENDS in EV sector in India?

Dr. Rashi Gupta, Founder & Director, Vision Mechatronics Pvt Ltd Indian government is keen on electric vehicles (EV) having set

remote monitoring technology. It increases the reliability of EV and simplifies their

ambitious targets for EV and launched schemes like FAME 2.

maintenance. Fast charging infrastructure is required for EV to compete with conventional

High cost of batteries along with limited range have been major

vehicles. However, fast charging needs very high power for a short time which will put

hurdles for electric vehicles. Efforts are being made to overcome

enormous stress on the current Indian grid infrastructure. Grid easy fast chargers, which do

these hurdles for EV.

not put stress on the grid while providing fast charging or battery swapping can solve this

Active balancing of batteries has been one of the latest trend in EV batteries which improves efficiency and ensures maximum utilization of battery capacity. It also increases the life of

issue. Grid easy fast chargers are currently available in India and battery swapping is also being implemented. Internet of Things (IOT) enabled smart EV and batteries are surfacing

battery and range of EV, thereby reducing their cost in long run. As EV are currently at

in India which is a trend set to rise exponentially further.

nascent stage in India experienced personnel in EV are not easily available.

IOT opens possibility of implementing multiple smart mobility solutions. Artificial

The concern about maintenance of EV is being addressed with preventive and predictive

Intelligence and connected mobility are other trends making their way in the EV sector.

Mr. Arvind Noel, Senior Industry Analyst, Frost and Sullivan Innovations and R&D efforts for EVs are happening aplenty in

The Government of India facilitates many EV components production facilities such as

the global market to provide state-of-the-art technology with

20GWh lithium ion manufacturing by 2025, EV motor production with less scarce metal

an economical price point. India is currently following the global

(neodymium) to reduce cost (~$400-500), growing adoption of smart grid initiatives and

standards to standardize the technology and bring it to the

the implementation of lithium-ion-based energy storage system. Battery technology trend

mass market by locally manufacturing power components and

of high nickelization of cathode materials is more viable for India EV market, and solid-

high performance e-powertrain. The 1st wave of EV demand has

state batteries are gradually appearing. The cost of Li-ion batteries is expected to be about

struck the Indian market with the vast portfolio for 2 and 3 wheelers, where about 40-

$100/kWh by 2025-26, while nickel metal hydride and lithium iron phosphate are the key

50% of the electric vehicle components are imported and for the next two years OEMs

battery chemistries that will be used in the Indian market. 50kW DC fast chargers will be

will focus on locally manufacturing the components to reduce the acquisition cost of EVs.

the key technology for the 2nd wave (eBus) and 3rd wave (e passenger vehicles), while

OEMs are partnering with Tier 1 suppliers and solution providers to capitalize the know-

battery swapping is viable technology for 2/3 wheelers, the technology is extremely niche

how and bring products to market with quick return of investments. The entire EV value

to be implemented for large vehicle segments as there are no battery standardization or

chain is currently undergoing a transformation to provide sustainable energy efficiency

regulations for battery safety in India.

portfolio, high end battery technology, agile power electronic components and robust

Though India is a late starter in the emobility space, there is a strong drive in capitalizing

public charging infrastructure for EVs.

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 16

the entire ecosystem amongst Indian EV market players.

www.emobilityplus.com

Opinion

Current Financing Scenario Of EV Sector In India Mr. Pankaj Tiwari, India Business Head, Avan Motors

The EV sector in India has witnessed a flurry of favorable policy changes and government initiatives in the ongoing fiscal year. The 2019 Union Budget mentioned that customers purchasing EVs will be able to avail a tax benefit of INR 1.5 lakh on the interest paid on their vehicle loan. The government has approved a corpus of INR 10,000 crore under the FAME II scheme and the GST Council has announced the reduction of the GST rate on EVs from 12% to 5% and that on EV chargers from 18% to 5%.

These policy decisions are indicative of the government’s stance to fast track the development of EVs and their related support infrastructure. More than anything else, the financing scenario that has emerged as a result of these decisions is acting as an incentive for EV adoption. Today’s customers are driven by experiences and look for top-quality products that deliver great value to them.

As sustainable vehicles become more affordable, customer interest in this sector will witness a massive uptick. With reignited demand, leading players in the EV industry will ramp up production to encash on the positive consumer segment. In fact, industry players such as Avan Motors are already going above and beyond to delight customers with smart and reliable electric vehicles that are also cost-effective. As a result, we anticipate increased

As sustainable vehicles become more affordable, customer interest in this sector will witness a massive uptick. With reignited demand, leading players in the EV industry will ramp up production to encash on the positive consumer segment. In fact, industry players such as Avan Motors are already going above and beyond to delight customers with smart and reliable electric vehicles that are also cost-effective. As a result, we anticipate increased adoption and a reduction in

adoption and a reduction in the use of petrol and diesel vehicles.

Such concerted efforts for the government to create a favorable financing ecosystem for electric vehicles, and manufacturers to innovate best-in-class products will go a long way

the use of petrol and diesel vehicles.

in motivating customers to make the switch to EVs. A massive shift to EVs is, thus, in the offing for India, and it is a truly exciting time to be a part of this fast-growing industry.

,

e www EMobility+ EMobility+ •• August-September August-September 2019 2019 17 17

www.emobilityplus.com www.emobilityplus.com

Company News

H

T

ero Electric Partners With CSC e-Governance To Promote Rural E-Mobility In India.

ork Motors Launches Its First EV Fast-Charging Station.

Electric two-wheeler manufacturer Hero Electric has partnered with CSC e-Governance

Tork Motors has announced the launch of its first EV fast-charging station at Cafe Peter’s

Services India Limited to promote electric mobility in rural and relatively under-developed

Bund Garden Road outlet in Pune, Maharashtra.

areas of the country.

As the electric two-wheeler manufacturer has claimed, it supports the government’s vision

As part of this partnership, Hero Electric will provide its eco-friendly products to the CSC E-Governance to further reach rural areas and promote electric mobility adoption. The CSC e-Governance, on the other hand, will provide these electric vehicles through their own channels, enabling people in rural areas to access and adapt to smarter and green

of promoting e-mobility in India. The company also plans to launch several similar EV charging stations in the near future.

The Tork EV fast-charging station comes complying to Bharat EV specifications and can

mobility solutions.

support any electric vehicle with a GB-T plug. These EV charging stations will come

Sohinder Gill, CEO, Hero Electric said, “As pioneers in the electric two-wheeler industry in

incorporated with smart EV chargers with secure connectors that will provide the fast

India, this partnership perfectly aligns with our purpose of promoting ‘Green Mobility’ by

charging facility and ensure seamless payment experience for the users. The smart

identifying opportunities for EV transition even at the grass roots level. We will continue

chargers are capable to charge up to 100V battery capacity.

to collaborate with institutions through such initiatives, to ensure that the sales of electric vehicles witness healthy growth year-on-year in the country, including the rural areas.”

Currently CSCE has 250,000 centers with the Gram Panchayat and 150,000 centers in urban cities, which act as a host of B2C services of the CSC Channels for citizens of the remote

Launching the first charging station, Kapil Shelke, Founder and CEO of Tork Motors, said, “With the launch of our first EV charging station, we seek to drive the adoption of e-vehicles and especially electric motorcycles in India. We are excited to unveil the first public fastcharging station in our home city of Pune and consider it to be a step towards creating an

areas of the country.

Dr Dinesh Tyagi, CEO, CSC e Governance Services India said, “A transition to electric

easy to discover and accessible Tork charging network, reflecting our company’s vision.”

mobility, especially in urban areas, is at the top of the Government of India’s policy agenda

He also said, “This move is also in line with our growth plans of offering a holistic and

and now it’s time to take this wave forward to rural areas as well.”

hassle-free experience to the consumer.”

M

M

Mahindra Electric is planning to expand its operations in Kerala with the launch of the

A fleet of 18 and 25-tonne eActros electric truck has been going through real-world

all-electric Treo range of three-wheelers.The company is planning to convert 2 lakh two-

trials in Germany and Switzerland since the fall of 2018 and Mercedes-Benz claims

wheelers and 50,000 three-wheelers to electric by 2020-2021. It had earlier announced Rs

heavy-duty short-radius distribution is already possible with local zero emissions and

100 crore investment for the next three years for R&D, localisation, product development

quiet operation. Series production for the electric truck is scheduled to start in 2021.

as well as plant capacity.

Andreas von Wallfeld, Head of Marketing, Sales and Services at Mercedes-Benz Trucks,

The move comes on the back of state government’s offer of giving a subsidy of Rs

said, “We’re on absolutely the right track with the concept behind the Mercedes-Benz

30,000 on electric three-wheelers over and above FAME benefits which is expected to

eActros. For me, this is the key finding after more than a year of extremely intensive real-

further boost the company’s operations within the state. Therefore, company has further

world trials with our battery-electric heavy-duty short-radius distribution truck.”

reduced its prices for Treo range by Rs 30,000. After subsidy, Treo and Treo Yaari have

The eActros is based on the frame of the Mercedes-Benz Actros. The vehicle’s architecture

come down to Rs 2.43 lakh and Rs 1.62 lakh, which were earlier priced at Rs 2.73 lakh

has been resolutely designed around an electric drive system and thus features a high

and Rs 1.92 lakh, respectively.

percentage of vehicle-specific components.

Mahesh Babu, CEO, Mahindra Electric said, “Kerala has already taken the lead in electric

It gets power from two electric motors near the wheel hubs of the rear axle provide the

mobility in India with its own EV policy and now with the launch of the Treo range of all-

drive, each delivering an output of 126 kW and 485 Nm maximum torque. It gets lithium-

electric three-wheelers Kerala is set to embrace the next generation of mobility.”

ion batteries with 240 kWh capacity providing the eActros with the required energy.

ahindra Electric Launches Treo Range In Kerala.

“With the longest range in their respective segments, Treo and Treo Yaari are going to be a great fit for the state’s first and last mile mobility needs,” he added.The company did

ercedes-Benz Successfully Tests eActros Electric Truck.

Depending on the available charging output, the batteries can be charged completely within as little as two hours (at 150 kW).

not disclose the price of the new scooter, but said it would not be more than Rs 1.5 lakh.

The scooter comes with range of 85 km on sports mode and 95 km on eco mode on a single charge of around 5 hours.

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 18

www.emobilityplus.com

Perspective

EV MANUFACTURING IN INDIA Opportunities & Challenges Mr. Pratik Gupta, Founder, Strom Motors Manufacturing will have to be at the core of driving growth if

related to ICE automobiles. The faster we’re-train the present workforce towards EV related

India has to achieve its goal of becoming a $5 Trillion economy.

jobs and start re-structuring current factories, the smoother will be the transition. It might

To speed things up, India has to learn and adopt really quickly.

seem difficult at the outset, but it will be much more cost effective and less painful than

Given the slow rate and high costs of technology development,

closing current factories and starting new ones. The government and industry leaders,

especially in manufacturing technologies within India, key to

especially OEMs will have to lead this shift by supplying necessary capital and technical

growing fast and to be able to meet the demand; which will shoot

know-how needed by Tier 1 and 2 suppliers. Looking beyond the temporary cyclical slump,

up in a few years; companies have to be open to do technology transfers and important

Indians are going to buy record number of EVs which will have to be made in India. It’s up

international tie-ups to boost manufacturing and stop the erosion of jobs from India.

to the industry to stay ahead of this imminent change to come out as a winner and keep

Currently India has a large portion of labor workforce deployed in manufacturing activities

its leadership position as one of the top contributors to the nations GDP.

Mr. Nicco Bhabu, VP - Technology, EV Motors India Pvt. Ltd.

The shift from ICE to electric is akin to what happened a century

the forefront and advanced in order to ensure fast-charging, durable and light in weight

back when the people transitioned from horse-carriages to

batteries, which will result in a competitive advantage. But if the EV batteries turn into a

combustion engines. The issues and concerns then were the

commodity, then the lowest cost manufacturer wins.

same, except the fuel in use was “grass” which had to be replaced

Personally, while in the short run battery technology is going to be an important

with ready availability of petrol. In the present era, the concerns

differentiating factor, in the long run the EV battery will likely become a commodity and

are on the availability of energy to quickly charge in the move to EV’s.

The single most expensive component of the present day EV’s are the batteries, which need to be handled carefully to optimize the charge and longevity. While it would make a lot of sense to have it manufactured locally, there are several issues which will need to be taken into consideration. Primarily is the sourcing and ensuring the regular supply of the raw materials. The manufacturer also has to ensure the technology is always at

the differentiating factors will be in software and self-driving capability. An EV is a giant computer on wheels, and historically as computer hardware is commoditized, most of the remaining value is in the software.

Charging-stations would be the next hot thing, as companies raise capital and do a land grab. All stores will use charging stations to attract customers. Charging stations will be in all parking lots, from restaurants to office buildings. Electric vehicle (EV) charging will see investments, while petrol pumps will become another relic of a bygone age.

Mr. Sanjay Poply, Chairman /MD, Victory Electric Vehicles International Pvt Ltd In today’s scenario how EV is a great opportunity. As we go 7

safety and security.But soon this E rickshaw got a positive response from the public by

-10 years back when EV came into Indian market with YO Bike

providing Easy and affordable rides.

scooty . This company had open their showrooms in all India’s

This e rickshaw solves the problem of unemployment all over India and also solves the

big cities. People bought the electric scooter with Passion and as a new technology two wheeler. Company achieved high sales all over India. After one year when the E vehicle started having issues with battery,motor and Controller, There was no solution due to Non Availability of Spare Parts. Government also did not support the Electric vehicle Industry. This led to a negative impact on people’s mindset about Electric vehicles.This was the biggest challenge faced by Ev during past year’s.

Now came the new technology in India with Electric rickshaw . This e rickshaw industry made its place in Indian Market without any government support. In the initial years this industry was considered illegal. Every one considered these as illegal vehicles without

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 19

problem of increasing Pollution. On the other hand The government is making efforts to create jobs for unemployed and also for reducing pollution This E rickshaw is an effective solution for pollution and unemployment. After looking at the positive impacts of EV Government’s Transport Minister Mr. Nitin gadkari did amendments in motor vehicle act and made E rickshaws Legal.

Along with this Decision came Big opportunities for EV like electric two wheeler , electric auto and car. Besides EV industry other industries are also getting opportunities like battery industry ,charging stations,IT industry. All others Industries are also getting benefitted along with EV industry.Now this Ev is contributing to Economic growth of the country.

I hope these EV solve all the problems of other industries and Shine bright in the future.

www.emobilityplus.com

INDUSTRY Industry Insights INSIGHTS

Challenges And Solutions For EV Vehicle And Battery Costs

Challenge : Challenge EV purchase prices are not yet competitive with ICE vehicles

A significant overall conclusion of the TCO analysis is that, given the battery production

� Indications from the total cost of ownership analysis

currently are limited to a relatively narrow range of cases.

costs, battery prices and fuel prices, the economic advantages of vehicle electrification

The high purchase price of an electric vehicle (EV) (absent purchase incentives) is regarded by consumers as the main barrier when buying a new car. The price difference compared with an internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle is substantial. Purchasing a standard medium size EV is approximately 40% more expensive than a conventional ICE vehicle of similar size.

The purchase price, however, does not give the full picture of the total cost for the consumer. The total cost of ownership (TCO) is a useful means to compare the cost of driving vehicles with different characteristics by taking account of the combined effects of purchase price and operational costs. The key findings are: � From a first-owner perspective (assumed to keep the car on average 3.5 years), even with higher prices for fuel than for electricity on a per kilometre (km) basis, the TCO for a battery electric vehicle (BEV) is higher than for an ICE vehicle. � With battery prices to auto manufacturers of USD 260 (United States dolars) per kilowatthour (kWh) (comparable with battery production costs close to USD 215/kWh, i.e. accounting for a 20% profit margin for battery suppliers), scaling up the consumer adoption of BEVs in cars continues to require policy support. � With battery prices close to USD 330/kWh, plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) show lower first-owner TCOs than ICE cars only in regions with high fuel prices. � Electric two-wheelers are cost competitive with ICE versions in countries with high fuel taxes when the mileage exceeds 4,500 km/year and with a battery pack price of USD 400/kWh. � Electric buses travelling 40,000-50,000 km/year are competitive in regions with high diesel taxation regimes for battery prices below USD 260/kWh. � Electric trucks are only cost competitive as medium trucks with an all-electric driving range below 200 km and as heavy trucks with a range of 400 km with battery pack cost

Using NMC 811 cathodes, average battery sizes around 80 kWh and 30-50 GWh/year factory capacities, BatPac suggests that battery costs in the medium term can fall to between USD 105-120/kWh. This does not include additional medium-term cost reductions that are expected to come from improvements in areas such as anode materials, electrode thickness and cell voltage. In addition, the development of solid state cell technology has the potential to bring a step-change reduction in battery costs.

These results are in line with the cost targets of most research and development plans globally, which range 80-120 USD/kWh by 2030 (IEA, 2018a).

of USD 260/kWh and diesel price of USD 1.4 per litre (L).

EMobility+ • August-September 2019 20

www.emobilityplus.com

Company Feature

Biggest Threats & Opportunities For The EV Industry With the EV industry gaining prominence in India, benefits can be derived in a number of

be in metros, tier 3 cities, etc. are able to use our EV products with absolute ease. We’re

domains. With growing environmental concerns, pollution being at its peak, EVs pose a

constantly innovating at our end about how we can make our EV products more consumer

clear answer to these. No fuel needed to power our vehicles means no pollution, thereby

centric.

leading to cleaner air to breathe. No fuel requirement means lesser dependence on oil

But all these efforts would need to be complemented by efficient power, which is the need

imports leading to a healthier financial status of our economy. The biggest gain that one

of the hour for EVs to take off!

can foresee in EV & probably the most attractive one, is consumers save a ton of their money without having to rely on petrol/diesel.

Nuteck is engaged in the manufacturing of EV chargers for 2W & 3W. All products are manufactured at their facility in Pune, 100% Made in India.

Just using your 5A power socket to power your vehicle is plain simple! No complexity in this - charge your vehicle the way you charge your smartphone!

That being said, no dependency on petrol would mean huge dependency on power requirements. It’s a well established fact that we face power cuts, irregular power supply & impurities in the input power in many parts of the country. And that’s in the current scenario where EV penetration is still low.

For EVs to become a defining factor here, our power consumption needs to be accounted for. Renewable forms of energy need to be further tapped into & harvested properly.

But something that supercedes this is the lack of awareness among people about EVs & improper execution of policies. There needs to be a step by step approach towards this entire EV phenomenon.

Which is exactly what we at NUTECK believe. Just keep it SIMPLE! Our EV chargers are easy to use, with clear indications about the EV charge %, not complicated at all. It’s important to us that all our customers located pan India, may they

Our EV chargers are easy to use, with clear indications about the EV charge %, not complicated at all. It’s important to us that all our customers located pan India, may they be in metros, tier 3 cities, etc. are able to use our EV products with absolute ease.

We’re constantly innovating at our end about how we can make our EV products more consumer centric.

INDUSTRY Industry Insights INSIGHTS

Rapid Pace Electric Mobility Development Globally The global electric car fleet exceeded 5.1 million in 2018, up by 2 million since 2017, almost

The global EV fleet consumed an estimated 58 terawatt-hours (TWh) of electricity in 2018,

doubling the unprecedented amount of new registrations in 2017. The People’s Republic

similar to the total electricity demand of Switzerland in 2017. Two-wheelers continued

of China (hereafter “China”) remained the world’s largest electric car market with nearly 1.1 million electric cars sold in 2018 and, with 2.3 million units, it accounted for almost half of the global electric car stock. Europe followed with 1.2 million electric cars and the United States with 1.1 million on the road by the end of 2018 and market growth of 385 000 and

to account for the largest share (55%) of EV energy demand, while LDVs witnessed the strongest growth of all transport modes in 2017-18. China accounted for 80% of world electricity demand for EVs in 2018. The global EV stock in 2018 emitted about 38 million

361 000 electric cars from the previous year (Figure 1). Norway remained the global leader

tonnes of carbon-dioxide. Equivalent (Mt CO2-eq) on a well-to-wheel basis. This compares

in terms of electric car market share at 46% of its new electric car sales in 2018, more than

to 78 Mt CO2-eq emissions that an equivalent internal combustion engine fleet would

double the second-largest market share in Iceland at 17% and six-times higher than the

have emitted, leading to net savings from EV deployment of 40 Mt CO2-eq in 2018.

third-highest Sweden at 8%.

Electric two/three-wheelers on the road exceeded 300 million by the end of 2018. The vast majority are in China. With sales in the tens of millions per year, the Chinese market for electric two-wheelers is hundreds of times larger than anywhere else in the world. In 2018, electric buses continued to witness dynamic developments, with more than 460 000 vehicles on the world’s roads, almost 100 000 more than in 2017.

In addition to conventional passenger vehicles, low-speed electric vehicles (LSEVs)1 in 2018 were estimated at 5 million units, up almost 700 000 units from 2017. All LSEVs were located in China. Shared “free floating” electric foot scooters flourished very rapidly in 2018 and early 2019 in major cities around the world. These foot scooter schemes now operate in around 129 cities in the United States, 30 in Europe, 7 in Asia and 6 in Australia and New Zealand.

In freight transport, electric vehicles (EVs) were mostly deployed as light-commercial vehicles (LCVs), which reached 250 000 units in 2018, up 80 000 from 2017. Medium truck sales were in the range of 1 000-2 000 in 2018, mostly concentrated in China.

The global EV stock in 2018 was served by 5.2 million light-duty vehicle (LDV) chargers, (540 000 of which are publicly accessible), complemented by 157 000 fast chargers for buses.

The number of EV chargers continued to rise in 2018 to an estimated 5.2 million worldwide for light-duty vehicles (LDVs). Most are slow chargers (levels 1 and 2 at homes and workplaces), complemented by almost 540 000 publicly accessible chargers (including 150 000 fast chargers, 78% of which are in China). With the 156 000 fast chargers for buses, by

The number of EV chargers continued to rise in 2018 to an estimated 5.2 million worldwide for light-duty vehicles (LDVs).

Most are slow chargers (levels 1 and 2 at homes and workplaces), complemented by almost 540 000 publicly accessible chargers (including 150 000 fast chargers, 78% of which are in China). With the 156 000 fast chargers for buses, by the end of 2018 there were about 300 000 fast chargers installed global.

the end of 2018 there were about 300 000 fast chargers installed global.

EMobility+ EMobility+ •• August-September August-September 2019 2019 21 21

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Industry Insights Effect of recent battery cost reductions on the cost gap A recent survey indicates that prices of automotive battery packs were around USD 175/ kWh by the end of 2018 (Goldie-Scot, 2019). The significant price drop in comparison with the USD 215/kWh used for the central estimate of the TCO analysis in 2018 reflects changes in the key determinants of battery pack costs. These include moving towards increasing shares of nickel-rich chemistries in nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC, i.e. moving from NMC 111 to 422 and 532, and to a lesser extent up to 622 and 811) and nickel cobalt aluminium oxide (NCA, moving from N0.8C0.15A0.05 to N0.9C0.05A0.05) batteries and the increasing size of battery production plants, which reduces the production costs per kWh of automotive battery packs.

Simulations made with the BatPac Model developed by the Argonne National Laboratory indicate that the battery pack cost of USD 215/kWh used in the 2018 TOC analysis is consistent with an average battery pack of 30 kWh, a plant capacity of 3.5 gigawatt-hours per year (GWh/year) and an NMC 111 cathode composition (IEA, 2018a). The same BatPac Model indicates that a cost value of USD 175/kWh is compatible with a change in battery chemistry to a 80/20% NMC 111 and NMC 622 mix, if the pack size is 30 kWh and the plant size is 3.5 GWh/year.

first electric car is expected to sell for the price of a comparable Golf diesel (Diess, 2019), suggests that the achievement of price parity between BEVs and an equivalent ICE car can be (at least partly) underpinned by the development of a dedicated vehicle architecture.

This suggests that cost reductions are not only limited to powertrain and energy storage system developments. In the specific case of Volkswagen, the statement on cost parity made direct references to the development of a new vehicle manufacturing platform, the Modular Electric Toolkit (MEB) dedicated to the production of over 100 million BEVs and inspired by the ones already in use by the company to manufacture a variety of its models at a large scale (Diess, 2019).

Adapting battery sizes to travel needs Since the battery is the major cost driver of EVs, matching the range of vehicles to owners travel habits is critical to avoid costly “oversizing” of batteries in vehicles. A better adaptation of the battery size will also have benefits for material efficiency and reducing life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Examples of adaptation of battery size that have already been put into practice include: � Electric bus designs using the opportunity charging concept (i.e. placing chargers at the end of urban bus lines, rather than at the bus depots) are based on the optimisation of

Solutions Three areas are of particular importance to deliver significant structural cost reductions in electric vehicle prices: � Achieve cost reductions in battery manufacturing. � Achieve cost savings from vehicle design and manufacturing. � Take advantage of the opportunities from digital technologies to adapt battery capacity size to user needs.

Battery cost reductions Analysis of the future development of the three main determinants of battery costs – battery pack size, production capacity of battery manufacturing plants and chemistry – suggests that battery costs declined during the course of 2018 and are expected to continue falling in the near term.

Using NMC 811 cathodes, average battery sizes around 80 kWh and 30-50 GWh/year factory capacities, BatPac suggests that battery costs in the medium term can fall to between USD 105-120/kWh. This does not include additional medium-term cost reductions that are expected to come from improvements in areas such as anode materials, electrode thickness and cell voltage. In addition, the development of solid state cell technology has the potential to bring a step-change reduction in battery costs. These results are in line with the cost targets of most research and development plans globally, which range 80120 USD/kWh by 2030 (IEA, 2018a).

Significant developments are also being made for post lithium-ion technologies, in particular for solid state batteries. Large investments in solid state battery research are being made in Japan, where an alliance of Japanese manufacturers has joined forces (with public support from Japan’s New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) to develop solid state batteries (Tanaka et al., 2018). Recently, Toyota and Panasonic created a joint venture with the aim of developing solid state batteries in the first-half of the 2020s and intends to do so for various automakers (Toyota, 2019).

If the cost reduction rates are sustained and battery costs continue to decrease, the economic case for BEVs and PHEVs will also be strengthened for vehicles that have an average daily mileage below 300 km. Battery technology is expected to continue to progress in terms of reduced charging times as well as increased capacity to handle high power charging. This, in combination with the use of PHEVs (and fuel cell range extenders

the battery capacity of vehicles to fit the required route � Car manufacturers offering EV models with different battery sizes to consumers to match their travelling habits.

Decreasing the need for very high range BEV cars can also be facilitated by the offer of rentals of ICE vehicles to owners of BEVs when planning a long-distance trip. This solution is currently being proposed by several brands.

Further battery size optimisation can be achieved through widespread use of digitalisation and information and communication technology (ICT). As consumers and businesses opt into real-time monitoring and data on vehicle utilisation patterns become more available, it will be increasingly possible for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to suggest vehicles with a range that is appropriate to specific consumer driving patterns. This is likely to have its greatest potential for freight vehicles, where the calibration of battery capacity to the mission profiles of the vehicles can have a large impact in terms of cost optimisation, especially in well-managed fleets.

Instruments such as Scania’s connected service web portal, allow real-time tracking of truck positioning and usage profiles (Scania, 2019).These are extremely well suited to give insights into the status and performance of the fleet and individual vehicles to the customers of truck and bus manufacturers, as well as to provide useful information on usage patterns of customers to the OEMs. This can enable the offer of vehicles that are optimised to their needs and even the use of modular battery packs, capable of missionspecific requirements), speeding up the adoption of PHEV and BEV technologies A clear example is the case of fleet vehicles that operate in urban areas. Even today, battery electric vehicles with battery capacities and charging profiles in such fleets are very well suited to deliver net TCO savings in comparison with ICE and hybrid vehicles.

Other examples include vehicles that have mixed use with significant portions of urban driving, which could fully transition to electrified operations for the urban operations via PHEV technologies, optimising PHEV battery capacities to enable all urban operations in all-electric driving.

Co-operative arrangements such as the coalition formed by E.ON, H&M group, Scania and Siemens to accelerate decarbonisation of heavy transport can be useful to build knowledge in this innovative area of technology development (Scania, 2018). They can help design, pilot and demonstrate new solutions that can be scaled up or adopted by other private sector stakeholders to foster the clean energy transition in transport.

– if fuel cell costs are reduced), is well suited to ensure that the attractiveness of electric mobility can expand to a broader range of applications

Analysis of the future development of the

Reducing EV costs with simpler and innovative design architectures

three main determinants of battery costs

The TCO analysis assumes that electric cars have equal costs to ICE cars with the exception

– battery pack size, production capacity of

of the costs linked strictly to the powertrain and the energy storage system. However, as the experience with the manufacturing of EVs increases and scale increases, there are good reasons to believe that costs for EVs will decline also because of opportunities in other areas.

The possibility to fully redesign the vehicle manufacturing platforms, capitalising on the presence of much fewer moving parts than in ICE vehicles and taking advantage of compact dimensions of electric motors, can offer cost reduction opportunities. A statement by Volkswagen executives announcing the forthcoming launch of the “ID”, the

EMobility+ •• August-September August-September 2019 2019 22 22 EMobility+

battery manufacturing plants and chemistry – suggests that battery costs declined during the course of 2018 and are expected to continue falling in the near term. www.emobilityplus.com www.emobilityplus.com

Technology News

N

E

ew Wireless Charging Designs for Electric Vehicles Double Power Density

lectric Cars Could Be Charged In 10 Minutes In The Future.

Scientists are developing rapid-charging batteries that could be used in a couple of years.

Standard, fast-charging roadside stations could take the worry out of embarking on long journeys in electric cars, New battery technology could give electric cars more than 200 miles of charge in as little as 10 minutes, according to new research.

Oak Ridge National Laboratory researchers created and tested new wireless charging designs that may double the power density, resulting in a lighter weight system compared with existing technologies, while maintaining safety.

Lithium ion batteries have had a dramatic impact because of their ability to store a large

New wireless charging coil designs, created and tested by Oak Ridge National Laboratory,

amount of energy in a small, compact battery and be recharged again and again. A trio

include a three-phase system that features rotating magnetic fields between layers of

of scientists were awarded the Nobel prize in chemistry for their contributions to the development of the batteries earlier this month.

However, lithium ion batteries also present a worry for drivers: that their vehicle will run

coils. The layered coils transfer power in a more uniform way, allowing for an increase in power density.

out of power mid-journey and leave them potentially facing a lengthy recharge. Now

The hands-free method includes a set of two charging coils—one to be affixed underneath

scientists say they are addressing the issue by making it much quicker and easier to charge

an electric vehicle and the other at ground level. When the coils are aligned, the power

the battery, meaning cars will spend less time at charging points and get back on the road faster.

Rapid charging in a matter of minutes requires a high current. However, at low temperatures – even at 30C (86F) – such charging of lithium ion batteries can cause problems as metallic lithium forms in spikes around the anode. Higher temperatures of about 60C (140F) would allow the lithium ions to move fast enough to avoid this problem – but keeping a battery hot can also result in problems.

The formation of such films take time, he said. As a result, the team came up with the idea of keeping the battery at 60C for just long enough to charge it up.

N

ew battery technology could slash the cost of electric vehicles

transferred charges the vehicle’s battery. The team’s designs, described in a recent study, include a three-phase system that features rotating magnetic fields between layers of coils.

“The layered coil design transfers power in a more uniform way, allowing for an increase in power density,” ORNL’s Jason Pries said. The three-phase system has successfully transferred 50 kilowatts with 95% efficiency. “As we scale up the system to transfer up to 300 kilowatts, the specific power is expected to improve as well.” This research brings the team another step closer to fully charging an EV in 20 minutes.

I

s Carbon fibre Alberta’s Next Profit Gusher?

South Australian researchers from the University of Adelaide have secured an A$1 million

In June, the Japanese automaker announced plans to have all-electric versions of every

research contract with a Chinese battery manufacturer to develop the new technology

vehicle in its lineup and draw half of its sales from a mix of electrified vehicles by 2025.

and bring it to market within 12 months. The patented design uses non-toxic zinc and

Building all those EVs introduces new design challenges for automakers. The batteries

manganese, two metals that are abundant in Australia, and incombustible aqueous

are by far the most expensive parts in an EV, so this places a premium on reducing the

electrolyte to produce a battery with a high-energy density.

car’s overall weight; a lighter car means fewer batteries required to make it race down

The researchers estimate the cost of this new electrolytic Zn–Mn battery to be less than

the highway and a lower sticker price. And so it’s notable that the Prius Prime’s rear hatch

US$ 10 per kWh compared with US$ 300 per kWh for current Li-ion batteries, US$ 72

differs from those of standard Priuses in one important aspect: it’s made from carbon fibre.

per kWh for Ni–Fe batteries and US$ 48 per kWh for Lead–acid batteries. The battery is

In June, the Japanese automaker announced plans to have all-electric versions of every

designed by Dr Dongliang Chao and Professor Shi-Zhang Qiao from the University of

vehicle in its lineup and draw half of its sales from a mix of electrified vehicles by 2025.

Adelaide’s School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials. The high-energy, safe

Building all those EVs introduces new design challenges for automakers. The batteries

battery opens up markets where the battery weight, size and safety are essential factors,

are by far the most expensive parts in an EV, so this places a premium on reducing the

including automotive and aerospace, and domestic and commercial buildings, and grid-

car’s overall weight; a lighter car means fewer batteries required to make it race down

scale energy storage.

the highway and a lower sticker price. And so it’s notable that the Prius Prime’s rear hatch

Dr Chao said although there were other Zn-Mn batteries on the market such as the dry

differs from those of standard Priuses in one important aspect: it’s made from carbon fibre.

cell, they were not rechargeable or recyclable and did not present high-energy density due

And this is where Alberta’s oil sands come in. Alberta produces nearly three million barrels

to a different chemical reaction mechanism. “I can imagine this battery being used on all

of bitumen from the oil sands each day – heavy oil in need of expensive and energy-

vehicle types from small scooters to even diesel electric trains. Also in homes that need

intensive processing to be turned into transportation fuel.

batteries to store solar power, or even large solar/wind farms,” he said.

The carbon fibre market, though, remains a young and volatile one, and that means any

“With more sustainable energy being produced – such as through wind and solar farms

plans regarding its future role come freighted with caveats. Cecilia Gee, an analyst with

– storing this energy in batteries in a safe, non-expensive and environmentally sound

Lux Research who tracks the carbon fibre market, explains that carbon fibre is at present

way is becoming more urgent but current battery materials – including lithium, lead and

a niche product, and many factors beyond the price and availability of the raw material, in

cadmium – are expensive, hazardous and toxic.

the automotive market and beyond, will determine future demand. At present, the use of

“Our new electrolytic battery technology uses the non-toxic zinc and manganese and incombustible aqueous electrolyte to produce a battery with a high energy density.”

carbon fibre in EVs, for example, is limited by a lack of standardized production and supply chain certainty, and as much as 70% of the cost associated with using carbon fibre comes from the high price of manufacturing and installing components made from carbon fibre – not from the cost of the raw material the oil sands might one day supply.

EMobility+ •• August-September August-September 2019 2019 23 23 EMobility+

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Industry Insights

Making EV’s Economically Viable

The limiting factor of batteries on driving range may be addressed by developing an

b. Exploring new battery chemistries: Focussing on materials like lithium, manganese,

ecosystem of fast-charging or swapping of batteries. This can be achieved by creating

nickel, cobalt and graphite that are used in batteries and determine its costs. While it is

requisite infrastructure, possibly even every kilometer, in dense areas. As a result an

important to secure mines which produce these materials, India must also obtain these

important question arises as to what kind of strategy can make EVs, especially small

battery materials through recycling of used batteries and should aim to become the capital

vehicles, economically viable. The general strategy should address two key variables

of “urban mining” of used batteries.

affecting the costs of EVs: battery costs and any fiscal policies that either increase the costs of an ICE vehicle or decrease the costs of an EV

Beyond reducing battery costs, India can explore potential avenues of fiscal support for EVs to accelerate adoption. The standard approach in other countries to providing fiscal

Broadly speaking, approaches exist to reduce battery costs – reducing the number of

support to EVs has been direct subsidization. For example, EVs in USA, Europe and China

batteries that an electric vehicle needs and making batteries cheaper on a per kilowatt-

have up to 40% “all-in” subsidies. Those subsidies include direct federal or state subsidy

hour basis. For the first approach, reducing the batteries needed for a given EV, there are

to buyers, mandates to manufacturers, utility subsidies or subsidy in the form of fee bait

two key pathways:

where vehicles are taxed based on their CO2 emissions, whereas EV receives support. As costs decline and the share of EVs in total vehicles increases, most nations plan to taper

1. Providing charging infrastructure: The limiting factor of batteries on driving range may

off such subsidies.

be addressed by developing an ecosystem of fast-charging or swapping of batteries, by creating an infrastructure, maybe even every kilometre, in dense areas. A smaller battery

For India, however, those paths are not viable; the elimination of direct subsidy will

will lower costs by reducing the total weight of the vehicle, resulting in higher energy-

be the policy basis. Therefore India has to be creative to make electric vehicles and its

efficiency and improved ability to upgrade as technology evolves. Charging infrastructure

infrastructure economically viable from the very beginning. Its policy and strategy have to

can be rolled out on a city by city basis with select cities and regions leading the transition.

be fundamentally set up to enable EVs to make business sense. Direct financial demand-

This would be consistent with global experience where 33 percent of all EV sales take

incentives / subsidies could be replaced by Tradable Auto-Emission Coupons or credits

place in only 14 cities where charging infrastructure is widespread and convenient to use.

Approaches for creating effective charging infrastructure are outlined below.

2. Increasing efficiency of vehicles: Incentivising developments to increase vehicle efficiency, thereby reducing energy consumption, can enable a vehicle to travel the same distance on a smaller battery pack. Energy efficiency can be enhanced by using more efficient electric motors using better tyres, enhancing the aerodynamics of the vehicles and reducing its weight. This would reduce battery size needed for a certain range.

based on CO2 emissions per km as well as on a sliding scale for vehicle efficiency. This will encourage the market to build efficient vehicles with lower emissions per km. Thus, while vehicle manufacturers exceeding CO2 emissions targets would have to purchase coupons or credits, the manufacturers meeting the targets would be rewarded with coupons. Market will decide the prices of these coupons. This will incentivize EVs and low-emission vehicles as well as energy-efficient vehicles at the expense of the vehicles with high emissions and lower-efficiency.

Accelerating the availability of necessary electricity network infrastructure as well as domestically produced technologically superior EVs, chargers and components will bring

For the second approach, reducing the unit costs of each battery, India can explore several

down costs and increase the options available for transportation electrification in India.

pathways:

This could bring the total cost of ownership (TCO) of EVs to parity with ICEs by as early as

a. Selecting appropriate battery chemistries: As batteries dominate costs of electric vehicles,

2025.

the strategy would be to use battery chemistry with optimized cost and performance at Indian temperatures. India should encourage manufacturing of such battery cells in India.

India is already making battery packs.

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Industry Insights

Impact Of EV’s On Economic Growth And Employment

Shifting modes of mobility could launch new business opportunities. These would emerge

As far as the automotive sector is concerned, a large part of the supply chain will get

in areas such as charging and swapping infrastructure, service, or integrated transport.

transformed in the powertrain segment. Traditional suppliers will move from supplying

In India, energy players have entered the mobility industry, while some traditional power

parts such as exhaust pipes and ICEs to perhaps battery materials, electric motors, and

companies are exploring possibilities in charging infrastructure, and infrastructure

regenerative braking systems. EVs will create opportunities in durable and lightweight

companies are seen entering the battery business. An important task that needs attention

thermoplastics, higher demand for electricity, storage and many others. The net impact

is transforming and up-scaling small and medium sub-system and auto-component

on employment would perhaps be balanced out. In addition, EV battery charging and

industries. A large number of such mini-micro industries are auto-ancillary companies for

swapping would create a large number of jobs throughout the country.

diesel/petrol vehicles. They provide large number of jobs. Many of them will not survive as EV replaces petrol/diesel vehicles. A careful plan to hand-hold such industries and help them during the transition to EV components manufacturing is required.

Impact On Environment And Health ICEs are one of the main sources of air pollution globally. They negatively affect both human health and ecology. Emissions from ICE powered motor vehicles are responsible for

Expansion of transport fleets based on IC engines negatively impact the economy

about two-thirds of air pollution in urban areas. The current ban on older fuel cars in some

considerably, apart from their negative health contributions. Crude oil price volatility adds

Indian cities already shows a positive influence on air quality, and this can only further

uncertainty to an already burgeoning import bill, while also needing huge investments in

improve with the large scale introduction of EVs.

oil refineries and related distribution infrastructure. There are several studies that suggest overall positive impact on GDP on introduction of EVs in fuel importing service dominated economies. One study has estimated that driving the shift to electric vehicles would lead to a 1% increase in EU GDP[6]. In another study, net private and social benefits are estimated between $300 and $400 per EV[7]. Coupled with the generation of renewable power, the battery manufacturing industry in India can become bigger than the total amount spent on import of crude oil. This would provide a huge boost to the Indian economy. The revenue loss for governments from taxes on the oil sector is expected to be replaced by higher tax revenues in other economic sectors.

Last-Mile Connectivity And Rural Transport Some Indian cities today have metros as public transport and others have bus services.

Many other cities and most towns do not have either. The last-mile connectivity in cities which have metros/buses is provided by rickshaws/autos. In cities and towns which do not have metros or buses, the only public transport available are rickshaws and autos. Early conversion of these vehicles to electric vehicles using Lithium-ion batteries will provide clean transport to a large number of people.

Today the primary transport for villages, taking people to bus-stops on the highways or train-stations, is ICE three-wheelers. It is possible to quickly convert them to electric,

Impact On Employment

providing clean transport in villages. Further, battery-charging and swapping outlets may

European Climate Foundation has estimated that through reducing oil demand by more

be operated in larger villages, creating jobs in rural areas. Specifications must ensure that

efficient electric cars, employment will increase by 5,00,000 to 8,50,000 by 2030. Another

these vehicles do not pose an inconvenience to other users of public roads and highways.

report estimates that about 2 million additional jobs will be created by EVs by 2050. The

Freight movement in the rural areas, and for transport connecting farms to cities, are

report further adds that oil production and distribution has very low employment intensity

primarily handled by smaller transport vehicles (like rickshaws, autos and tempos). These

of just four jobs per million Euros value added compared to 24 jobs per million Euros in the

vehicles are eminently suited for replacement by EVs. Sustainable mobility would require

general economy. Therefore, any shift in expenditure from buying imported oil to other

that small freight vehicles are enabled by aggregators to be made available on request,

expenditure choices would generate additional employment. Further, as imported oil is

just as Uber or Ola cabs for city commuters. This would cut farm to market costs for the

replaced by electricity and batteries, large employment is possible in enhancing power-

farmers, and also result in better fleet utilisation. The electronic platforms to enable such

generation and distribution, and in battery manufacturing, including battery-recycling.

operations need to be developed.

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