Bartlett UG2 2016/17_Rachel by SoomeenHahm Design

unit two // Spontaneous Procedures LEE, Rachel Tsz Man

01 //

initial interests & experiments

Various Furniture by Amoia Studio

re-contextualizing form and function with materials that are not in the traditional canon. Malachite, Amethyst, and Pyrite have never been thought of as materials for furniture, but with a unique casting process that also fuses more traditional materials such as cement or plaster. Honoring the precious energy qualities of these beatific minerals, all three AMOIA brothers wash, crush and handle the stones themselves. Materials: Dyed Plaster, Blue Calcite from India, Black Tourmaline from India, Crushed Purite from Mexico.

Coffee Tables & Stools by Amma Studio

Made by moulding cement and a range of unexpected materials, such as coffee grounds, rock salts, silica, BB pellets, . Cement is added in layers to create texture. then combined with a â&#x20AC;&#x153;rawâ&#x20AC;? material held together using a UV-protected epoxy resin.

Velvet Infused Concrete by Tactility Factory

Velvet infused concrete projects the chic sophistication of a classic byzantine-inspired design with the precision and symmetry to form a visual and tactile experience that bridges the past, present and future. Material: Velvet, Concrete

CONCRETE x ? These references above show examples of concrete being mixed with other means of material to invent different tactile and visual experience. It is interesting to see concrete being transformed into something much more colorful and interesting, contrasting to the usual impression of concrete.

CONCRETE x INK = Liquid x Liquid Through the process of mixing two casting materials and careful study of the results, to explore the relationship between two liquids when mixed together. Do two liquids become one? How do they travel around each other? How do they affect each other visually, as well as structurally as a material?

Ink added to 4 sides, AFTER the concrete is poured in place.

Ink added to 4 corners, AFTER the concrete is poured in place.

CONCRETE x INK = Liquid x Liquid (Post-Pour) To get an understanding of how one form of liquid (INK) is able to travel down another form of liquid (concrete mix), by adding drops of ink on top of concrete mix that is ready to be cured.

CONCRETE x INK = Liquid x Liquid (Pre-pour) Continuing on the previous experimenting with ink and concrete, after discovering the density of the concrete does not allow liquid to sink through. This experiment now explores the effects of ink when added as the concrete is being poured into the mould. These two experiment varies by frequencies of the addition of ink.

Ink added every second, as the concrete is being poured in place.

Ink added every 3 seconds, as the concrete is being poured in place.

CONCRETE x INK = Liquid x Liquid (pouring) By differing the frequencies of the pouring of concrete and the adding of ink, it is evident in these casts that the methods of pouring is able to create patterns following the flow of liquid and therefore has a significant effect on how the two liquids react to each other.

One Ink (Red) has been added to the top of the concrete mix before being poured.

Two colors of ink (Red & Green) have been added to the top of the concrete mix before being poured.

Ink added to the top of concrete mix. As the concrete mix is being poured in place, it is able to mix itself and create a spiral pattern from the centre.

CONCRETE x INK = Liquid x Liquid (Pre-Pour) Moved away from the top to bottom method, by adding ink on to the concrete mix before pouring, and simply let itself to do the mixing, to see how the two liquids interact with each other. As the concrete is being poured, a spirally ripple pattern is created from the centre of pouring. From the sides, it is also evident how the ink has embedded itself into the concrete in layers.

Blue ink has been added to the top of the concrete mix while being poured..

Ink has been added to the top of the concrete mix before being poured, and has mixed itself while being poured

Liquid x Liquid = Silicone x Ink? To get a better understanding of how liquid travels down through other means of liquid and to really see it as if concrete is transparent, I decided to cast clear silicone this time, to get if i were able to get the same effects but transparent this time to get a better look at how water performs on the centre of the block.However, the results vary vastly from what is seen with concrete. Silicone mix seems to absorb, almost eat the color as it is added. It contains the ink as little blobs inside. The ink itself stays in its original liquid form.

Ink added every second, as the silicone mix is being poured in place.

Ink added to the top of silicone mix. As the silicone is being poured in place, it is able to mix itself and create a spiral pattern from the centre.

Liquid x Liquid = Silicone x Ink? Silicone and ink dont seem to mix, but resist each other. The reason being one is an oil based product while the other is a water based solution. Which explains why the result is very similar to mixing oil with water. While silicone is a casting material and is able to dry, ink stayed in its liquid form and is contained within the silicone.

Creating from 2D Patterns - Artificial Topography Imagining 3 dimensional spaces from the 2 dimensional patterns. By doing so, it generated curves that resemble natural landscape and topography

lightest

Longer working/ setting time

Lower point of pour (Lower speed)

Water

Color Pigment (liquid) Color Pigment (liquid)

Concrete Silicone Resin

Metal (e.g. Mercury)

Resin Plaster

Silicone Concrete

Metal (e.g. Mercury)

Plaster

heaviest

Shorter working/ setting time

Weight

Length of Working Time

Examples of Qualitative Variables (Cant necessarily be measured): - Pouring Methods (Circular movements, Up & down, back & forth, etc) - Shape of Mould

Controllable Quantitative Variables After some experiments, I have pointed out a few examples of measurable variables that can be manipulated in order to get more predictable results.

Higher point of pour (Higher speed)

Velocity

// fluid dynamics: Material of same properties

1.) White Concrete 2.) Black Concrete

1.) Black Concrete 2.) White Concrete (2:2:1 - Cement, Sand, Water) 3.) White Concrete (2:2:2 - Cement, Sand, Water)

CONCRETE x CONCRETE? - Materials of Same Properties Focusing on materials with the same properties, how do I create geometries of dynamics? By controlling and varying the way concrete is being poured.

1.) Black Concrete (1:2:1 - Cement, Sand, Water) & White Concrete (2:2:1 - Cement, Sand, Water) * ALL AT ONCE

1.) Black Concrete (1:2:1 - Cement, Sand, Water) 2.) White Concrete (2:2:1 - Cement, Sand, Water) 3.) White Concrete (2:2:2 - Cement, Sand, Water)

Imagining Forms - Using the dynamics of fluids to create forms and spaces How can I seperate these blocks by the color/properties? So I may manipulate the way of pouring to design how the liquid would react, to ultimately create different geometries and texture.

// Imagining Space S e p e r a t i n g Tw o F l u i d s

Convenience: Dynamics Separatability

Silicone poured into concrete

Convenience: Dynamics seperatability

Silicone injected into concrete with a syringe pushed into the concrete mix

Seperating Two Fluids To explore ways to seperate material A from material B after solidification, I have tried different combination of materials. This is silicone poured/injected into the concrete. Results are not as desirable as the two materials are unable to behave as liquid when mixed together.

Convenience: Dynamics Separatability

Concrete x Wax Concrete was poured into melted wax. As soon as it was poured, concrete would sink to the very bottom. The result is shown to be that wax somehow has the ability to prevent concrete from fully setting.

Convenience: Dynamics Separatability

Concrete x Plaster To test out whether plaster can be washed off from concrete, as plaster behaves very similarly as concrete in its liquid form. Result shows to be that plaster can be washed off from concrete, but not when it has been mixed into concrete.

Seperating Two Fluids pt. 2 Continuing on texting the combination of materials that will make seperation of the two materials after solidification possible. Wax is texted in hopes that it could be burnt away after. Plaster is also tested to be washed off after.

Cast was left in hot water overnight and was brushed off the next day

Before

After

CONCRETE x PLASTER? - A Closer Look at the Process of Plaster Removal Because of the water solluble nature of plaster, it is able to be washed off even after its cured. By mixing concrete and plaster together, in substitute of white concrete and black concrete, it is expected to see black concrete on its own solid form with the deformation caused by the liquid flow of plaster. First attempt has failed for reason being that concrete and plaster has mixed into each other and become one liquid - forming a shades of grey, which is impossible to wash off. However, it is important to note that plaster on its own is completely able to be washed off.

Convenience: Dynamics Separatability

Oil was added in between to prevent the two from mixing into each other, while still maintaining the dynamics.

Detailed shots of the different texture create

Seperating Two Fluids pt. 3 Second attempt aims to seperate the black concrete and plaster from mixing into each other, but with enough force to affect deform each other. So I have added oil in between pouring the two.

Lasercut Model from 3D scan

Physical Model vs. Digital 3D Scanned Model Digitial model on right has been 3d scanned using a mobile phone app. It is shown that the resolution it is able to create is of similar level than the physical model.

Concrete x Wax

Concrete x Plaster

Texture Generated When different materials are mixed together, they no longer behave as two fluids, but the chemistry between the two are able to generate interesting textures that visualise the relationship between the two materials.

digital explorations fluid simulations

Fluid Simulation - Fluid Dynamics Mayaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fluid dynamics feature is able to simulate liquid in a realistic manner, which becomes useful when testing the reaction between one liquid to another.

Fluid Simulation - Thicker Liquid A realistic splash of liquid can be created with maya. It is able to generate geometries with great spatial quality, various pockets that are able to be inhabited.

Fluid Simulations - Creating Boundries Having boundries to contraint where the fluid can flow in order to capture the texture as well as spatial quality created during the motion of pouring.

Density: 1 Viscosity: 0.002 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 0.5

Density: 1 Viscosity: 0.01 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 2

Density: 1 Viscosity: 0.002 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 0

Density: 0.5 Viscosity: 0 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: Off Density Tension: 1

Density: 0.5 Viscosity: 0.002 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: Off Density Tension: 0.5

Density: 2 Viscosity: 0.01 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 2

Fluid Emitter Exploration 1 - Maya: 3d Container & Fluid Emitter Moving into digital simulation to allow more accurate and less time consuming result. To get a better understanding of Mayaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fluid dynamics feature is capable of doing.

Density: 1 Viscosity: 0.002 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 0.5

Density: 0.5 Viscosity: 0.002 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 1

Density: 2 Viscosity: 0.005 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 2

Density: 0.5 Viscosity: 0.005 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 1

Density: 0.5 Viscosity: 0.002 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 0.5

Density: 0.5 Viscosity: 0.002 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: Off Density Tension: 1

Fluid Emitter Exploration 1 pt.2 - Maya: 3d Container & Fluid Emitter Moving into digital simulation to allow more accurate and less time consuming result. To get a better understanding of Mayaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fluid dynamics feature is capable of doing.

Density: 0.5 Viscosity: 0 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: Off Density Tension: 0

Density: 2 Viscosity: 0.01 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 2

Density: 1 Viscosity: 0.002 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 0.5

Density: 2 Viscosity: 0.01 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: On Density Tension: 2

Density: 0.5 Viscosity: 0 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: Off Density Tension: 0.5

Density: 1 Viscosity: 0.01 Gravity: 9.8 Buoyancy: -1 Forward Advection: Off Density Tension: 1

Fluid Emitter Exploration 1 pt.3 - Maya: 3d Container & Fluid Emitter Moving into digital simulation to allow more accurate and less time consuming result. To get a better understanding of Mayaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fluid dynamics feature is capable of doing.

Interlocking Elements - Negative & Positive Taking the casting concept done with concrete, playing with negative and positive to generate interlocking elements that can be used as structural components

Soft vs. Hard - Interlocking Elements Using material of vaious properties, to create interlocking elements that can be removed, that otherwise would not be able to achieve with materials of the same properties.

Silicone - Translucency & Texture Casting from a 3D print of a computer generated fluid geometry with silicone, it is able to get the most delicate contour texture of the 3D prints. Its translucency also allow these texture to be shown even more clearly when lit.

Marble Folds by Gian Lorenzo Bernini Italian sculptor and architect.

Marble Folds (Sculpture) by Michaelangelo

Water Sculpture (River Under Me, Plank of Water) by Sophia Collier

Collier carves water surfaces from acrylic block using a process combining imagination, software and machine tools to capture wind crossing water and the light that results

Liquid Table by Zaha Hadid

Softness With Hard Material The illusion of fluidity with solid material achieved through materiality and form

Exploration 2 - Maya: 3d Container & Fluid Emitter (Fluid Properties) Maya allows control precise over the properties of fluid emitted

Space inspired by the geometry of fluidity

Encouraging inventive ways to occupy a space

Exploration 2 - Maya: 3d Container & Fluid Emitter + Collide with Geometry Converting geometries into inhabitable space by emitting fluid with a human figure. Investigating ways create interaction with the human body.

Inhabiting the Space The fluid simulation around the human body allows close interaction with the inhabitants, generating spaces that fits perfectly with the body on one side, but also at the same time creating space that is uncomfortable to rest on.

Material Attributes: Low Density

Material Attributes: High Density

Forward Advection: Off

Forward Advection: On

Fluid Emitter Exploration 3 - Maya: Understanging the Fluid Attributes What can be controlled? How to control?

3D Printed Negative - Water Splash Continuing on the exploration on silicone and its materiality, a 3D printed mould (negative) of a computer simulated liquid form was created.

TRANSLUCENCY

TACTILITY GEOMETRY AESTHETICS

(From Top to Bottom, Left to Right) 1.) Visiona 2, 1930 by Verner Panton Interiors 2.) Vatnajokull Ice Cave 3.) Natural Cave 4.) Artificial Topography by Fujiki Architectural Design Studio 5.) Swiss Pavilion 2016 at Venice Biennale by Christian Kerez 6.) Coyote Buttes 7.) Vermont

A Method of Generating Space Through exploration into materiality, an inccidental way of generating space has been invented. The collision of two fluids has shown its ability to generate space that is able to offer not only a visual satisfaction but also a tactile and atmospheric experience, that ressembles the natural topography.

Imagining Space Spatial Quality within a generative fluid simulation and the activities it suggestively invites because of its geometry. .

Humanoid by Ernesto Neto

Program - Fluids as a way of generating unique spaces Introducing a creative kit to allow anyone to make their own personalized unique space, given a â&#x20AC;&#x153;toolkitâ&#x20AC;? and manual. A cave created to offer a temporary escape for its user.

Wikihouse by Alastair Parvin an open source construction system that enables anyone, anywhere to build a house â&#x20AC;&#x153;Design, Download, Print & Buildâ&#x20AC;?

Program Schematics - Anyone, Anywhere With a kit that consists of ingredients to generate dynamics that create spaces, anyone would be able to create their own space anywhere. Guided by a set of parameters, it is a balance between randomness and control.

Density -> Density of Concrete -> Moisture Content in Concrete -> Choice of Aggregate -> Demand of Water

Velocity -> Speed at which the fluid is flowing -> Speed at which the concrete is being poured -> Higher point of pouring creates higher velocity

Realistic reflection of reality `

Thickness of fluid. 0 is like water. 1 is like tar. A value of 1 will significantly slow down the fluid when colliding with a geometry

Lessen the dynamics of fluid. A value of 1 will stop the fluid completely `

Paremeters - How much control do we have on the outcome? What I was able to learn from Maya - translating fluid dynamics attributes into physical modeling techniques

Interior View - Fluid Generated Space

Interior View - Fluid Generated Space CONCRETE x ? These references above show examples of concrete being mixed with other means of material to invent different tactile and visual experience. It is interesting to see concrete being transformed into something much more colorful and interesting, contrasting to the usual impression of concrete.

TO YOUR PREFERENCE: YOU HAVE A SAY! POSITIVE SPACE = CONCRETE

25%

38%

62%

NEGATIVE SPACE = PLASTER ENTIRE VOLUME = MOULD SIZE

HOW MUCH SPACE D’YOU NEED? Volume Density (Tactility & Transparency)

WHAT KINDA SPACE D’YOU WANT?

By choosing your aggregates!

Plastering Sand

Building Sand

Finer and smoother finish. Smaller grain size (Lower water demand)

soft mortar sand, lighter, more flexibility (Higher water demand)

FUN T

IPS!

major lay a ! ates p properties : g e r g te g Ag e in r c w n e follo our co role y uence on th infl ation It has - grad m size u im - maix weight - unit content ture - mois

Sharp Sand rough finishes, tough and thicker results

Play Sand General purpose

Kiln Dried Sand Rough finish, Dried Silica Sand Large grain size (up to 0.5mm) coarse, grain size up to 3mm

Outlook

WHAT DOES THE FLOW GO??

By choosing your mould!

Note: Final outcome will not always be in the shape of the mould, but the mould will influence the result by creating boundries to control certain fluid behavior. E.g. a more vertical mould will likely to result in a more vertial structure E.g.ii. a hexagonal mould will likely to create more dramatic result than a triangular mould, because there are more sides for collisions. Material of mould could add/reduce friction and prevent/assist the fluid movements.

THE KIT: 6 choices of aggregates (arranged from fine to coarse): - Plastering Sand - Building Sand - Play Sand - Sharp Sand - Kilm Dried Sand - Dried Silica Sand

Mixing Bowl

Fine Brush Plaster

Hard Brush

Surgical Gloves Petroleum Jelly (release agent)

Cement

Cooking Oil Kleenex

PROCESS: 1.) measure the ingredients (cement, aggregate, plaster and water)

2.) Take the amount of water needed for the plaster mix, slowly add plaster along the edges, mix until its ready

3.) Pour plaster mix into mould 4.) Add a layer of cooking oil

5.) Take the aggregate and cement mix them well. 6.) Slowly add water into the the concrete mix until desired thickness

7.) Pour concrete mix into the mould 8.) Let it set for 24 hours 9.) Release the cast from mould and leave it in hot water for 6 hours

10.) Use brush to brush the plaster off

MAKE YOâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; OWN SPACE!

PARTS: CON CRE TE P

2 KG

dust mask S

E S

P A C

newspaper CPOLNA CS TER RE TE 2 KG

nega

ti ve c e spa

mixing bowl x 2

Fluid x 2

paper/plastic cups

Container x 1

(destructible & disposable)

surgical gloves

// unit two // LEE, Rachel Tsz Man Year three

Building Project student no.: 14058564

// previous interests & studies

Initial Interest - Fluid Dynamics Forms and geometries that capture the movements of fluid collisions.

TRANSLUCENCY

TACTILITY GEOMETRY AESTHETICS

Negative Vs. Positive Continuing on the exploration on silicone and its materiality, a 3D printed mould (negative) of a computer simulated liquid form was created.

Imagining Space Spatial Quality within a generative fluid simulation and the activities it suggestively invites because of its geometry. .

// site & program

Ciudad de México Ciudad de México

5 km

Central America // Mexico // MEXICO CITY Mexico City is the densely populated, high-altitude capital of Mexico. A stroll through the buzzing downtown area reveals the capital’s storied history, from its pre-Hispanic underpinnings and colonial-era splendor to its contemporary edge. Organized chaos rules in this high-octane megalopolis, yet rest assured that the city offers plenty of escape valves in the way of old-school cantinas, intriguing museums, dramatic murals and boating excursions along ancient canals.

CENTRO HISTORICO

Ciudad de MÃ©xico

JUAREZ DOCTORES

LA CONDESA HIPODROMO

tacubaya

ROMA SUR

NONOALCO

TACUBAYA // RESIDENTIAL AREA Tacubaya is a section of Mexico City located in the west in the Miguel Hidalgo borough consisting of the colonia Tacubaya proper but also adjacent areas in other colonias such as San Miguel Chapultepec, Observatorio, Daniel Garza, Ampliacion Daniel Garza being considered part of the Tacubaya area. Also, home to Luis Barragan, a major figure in Mexican culture, whose works have served to influence architects to the present day. His designs feature vibrant colors, fluid sequences of space and subdued lighting, and are based on traditional Mexican designs.

Chosen Site Nort

h En d

South

End

view from pedestrian walkway

Heavy Traffic Motorway on the West

Centro Hospitalario del Estado Mayor Presidencial CHEMP (Hospital)

Existing Ramp to Neighboring District

Cancha de Futbol Constituyentes (Football Field)

Constituyentes Metro Station

Existing walkway that connects to Daniel Garza, neighboring district

ZM ATE O

PROPOSED SITE H

LOP E

SPORTS FACILITY SCHOOL

LFO

NT UYE

ADO

IT NST A CO D I EN

atdor lu

is g. cu

S ZM ATE O

gobern

ador jo

ho me lc

se ceba

llos

torroe lla

LFO LOP E

ral

genera l mende z

riel

gobern

ador jo

ADO

gobern

ador ge

TOTAL POPULATION 3496

se ceba

llos

jose m

oran

l franci genera

rdo

con galla

general rin

tenes rocha

general sos

E LIR ARQU IDA P AVEN

sco ra m

irez

genera l men

dez

neral

EO AT ZM

gobern

ador ge

MEDIAN AGE 34

neral jo

se mor an

PERCENTAGE BELOW 15 YEARS OF AGE 17.9%

FO OL

PE LO

IDA

N AVE

IR QUE L A PAR AVENID

T YEN

ITU NST

rm uz qu

Local Statistics

Chosen Site A closer look at the chosen site: - sitting on one end of the residential district next to a motorway - noise level becomes the highlight upon first visit

LOP EZ M ATE OS ADO LFO

T YEN U T I ST

A CO ENID

gobern

atdor lu

is g. cu

riel

genera l

LOP EZ M ATE OS

mende z

AVE

gobern

ador jo

ADO LFO

mu or lch me

torroe

lla

allos

gobern

ador jo

gobern

ador g

l jose

se ceba

llos

moran

isco ra l franc genera

lardo

OS E AT M Z

a stenes roch

general so

E LIR ARQU IDA P AVEN

genera l

mirez

mende

enera

ncon gal

L DO

PE LO

sum me

ral

se ceb

general ri

tice ols s r

N 25

wi nt er

S CON A NID

LIRA RQUE DA PA AVENI

ENT Y U T

zq u

so lst ice

86˚

E 48˚

115˚

Daylight Analysis and Building Orientation Understanding the sun path and shadow during the day at proposed site.

65˚

gobern

ador ge

neral jo

noise level at site: constant noise pollution from motorway

c eri r if e P illo

ez nd

Me al. Gr

street identification

existing/ semi-abandoned football pitch, shows to be an unpleasant location for physical activities

source of noise and pollution

disused building north of site, with traces of exhaustion of noise and air pollution

Identifying the Problem with Abandoned football Pitch- Noise and Air Pollution Located along a major motorway of Mexico City, the existing football pitch that stands on chosen site shows to be a victim of air and noise pollution. Its unpleasantness for heavy breathing activity is evident through the lack of action on the field.

Abandoned Football Pitch @ Proposed Site

Tate Modern, London by Herzog & De Meuron Bankside Power Station turned Art Gallery

Highline Park, NYC by James Corner Field Operations & Diller Scofidio + Renfro The High Line, an elevated park in the sky built on top of the tracks of a disused railway, weaves its way through the city blocks.

Program Vision #1 REACTIVATE & REINVENT: THE ABANDONED FOOTBALL PITCH Located within a friendly residential neighbourhood and next to an abandoned football pitch, it feels necessary and logical to give the place a new life. By giving the football field a new social program, it will help reactivate the forgotten football pitch and bring new activities and possibilities into the local area. . â&#x20AC;&#x153;The infrastructure of the industry of the past seems to be inevitably appropriated as the framework for the social and cultural life of the present.â&#x20AC;? - Bjarke Ingels

9.1%

13.5%

2004

9.35%

13.75%

2005

9.65%

14.15%

2006

10%

14.3%

2007

10.2%

14.6%

2008

10.45%

14.85%

2009

10.7%

15.1%

2010 38.3%

11%

15.4%

2011

11.3%

15.65%

2012

11.55%

15.95%

2013

16.2%

2014

Obesity (body mass index ≥ 30) in Mexico

Mexico Obesity (body mass index ≥ 20) % in 2014

Ranked #1 Obese country in the world with 32.8% of the population being obese

“Mexico City - like the rest of the country - is in the grip of an obesity crisis. While the reasons for this are far from black and white, close analysis suggests that a lack of physical activity could be the main contributing factor.” - The Guardian, 2015 “About 70 percent of Mexican adults are considered overweight; 32.8 percent are obese”

LOP E

ZM ATE O

Factors include: 1.) There’s no time to exercise 2.) Traffic blocks an active lifestyle 3.) Green spaces are too few and often shut 4.) Fear stops residents being more active

LFO

ENT ITUY

NST

ADO

A CO ENID

atdor

curiel

gobern

ador jos

mu or lch me ral

e ceba

llos

LFO

torroell

LOP E

IRA

general

ZM ATE O

mendez

luis g.

gobern

AVE

QUE L A PAR AVENID

T YEN

TITU

NS A CO NID

zq u

goberna

ADO

dor jos

gobern

neral

e ceball

jose mo

ran

genera l franc

general

IDA AVEN

isco ra mi

rez

mendez

ador ge

ral jose

FO OL

PE LO

dor gene

E LIRA

enes rocha general sost

goberna

U PARQ

on gallard general rinc

EO AT ZM

11.85%

39%

Current Playground Access and Open Space

Exiting fascilities that support physical health within the area of Amp Daniel Garza

Program Vision #2 PROMOTE AND ENCOURAGE PHYSICAL HEALTH The existing football pitch has good reasons to be where it is, one of which is to provide a place for physical activity within the residential district, shorten the travel time and lessen the hassle for its people who seek to live a healthier lifestyle. While the existing football pitch has not been effective and successful in this sense, my project will aim to achieve this by providing a more pleasant environment that encourages the people of this community to become more active.

moran

Julio CĂŠsar Chavez Mexican all time best boxer

AREA OF INTEREST Mexico is one of the quintessential boxing countries, where some of the best fighters in the world come from. It is the most popular individual sport in the country. It comes second in total number of world champions produced and has recently produced more World Campions in the last 30 years. Boxing is the most popular individual sport in Mexico.

Posgrado (Postgraduate Studies)

22+

(Optional)

Educación Superior (Higher Education)

18-21

Técnico Superior Normal Licenciatura Licenciatura Universitaria y Tecnológica

16-18

Educación Média Superior (Upper Secondary) Profesional Técnico/ Bachillerato

13-16

7-13

Educación Basica (Basic Education) Educación secundaria (lower secondary education): Grades 7–9 Educación primaria (primary education): Grades 1–6 Preescolar (preschool): Ages 3–6

3-6

* According to UNESCO, gross enrollment ratio at the secondary school level has increased from just 54 percent in 1991 to 90 percent in 2014. This large-scale growth in enrollments has placed tremendous pressure on the Mexican education system. Mexico has seen a huge increase in the demand for tertiary education, and a concomitant rise in the number of private universities, especially in the last two decades, seeking to fulfill that demand. However, many of these private institutions are low quality, with just a fraction having recognized accreditation. In 2013, the SEP made 12 years of education compulsory throughout Mexico. But due to lack of capacity and infrastructure, the proposed date for full compliance is 2020. A large demand of infrastructure can be seen through these statistics and facts. Source: World Education News & Reviews (http://wenr.wes.org/2016/08/education-in-mexico)

STRUCTURE OF BASIC EDUCATION SYSTEM IN MEXICO In Mexico, basic education is normally divided in three steps: primary school (primaria), comprising grades 1-6; junior high school (secundaria), comprising grades 7-9; and high school (preparatoria), comprising grades 10-12. Depending on definitions, Primary education comprises primaria and secundaria, which are compulsory by law, while Secondary education only includes preparatoria, which was not compulsory a few years ago, but it has been made mandatory as well.

Program Who? 5-14 year-olds, who are looking to become professional boxing athletes What? a professional Boxing Academy in Mexico City, designed to give young talented boxers aged 5-14 the possibility to be seen by professionals boxing organizations around the world by taking part in specfically designed RESIDENTIAL training programmes, with a wide range of study and education options. Courses range from 6 months to 2 years. With limited enrollment and selective admission, the academy only takes a maximum of 40 people at any given time. Where? Gral. MĂŠndez 193, AmpliaciĂłn Daniel Garza, 11840 Ciudad de Mexico, CDMX

7 5 9

3 2 1

6 4 8

1.) Proposed Site 2.) Boxing Co. (Gym) 3.) Sport Boxing (Boxing Gym) 4.) Roma Gym (Gym) 5.) Kickboxing & MMA (Kickboxing School) 6.) Boxing Pro (Boxing Gym) 7.) KBBM Pro-Hogar (Kickboxing School) 8.) Boxing Club (Muay Thai Boxing Club) 9.) Romanza Gym (Gym)

Boxing Facilities in Mexico City Map showing relevant existing facilities in the city and relationship between them and proposed site

Nike Football Training Centre, Soweto

Architects: RUFproject Location: Soweto, South Africa Client: Nike South Africa

Y Ballet School

Architects: y+M Location: Tokushima, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan

Existing Projects Defining and developing program by comparing existing projects of similar program from around the world

Dance School in Oleiros

Architects: NAOS Arquitectura Location: Spain Client: Ayuntamiento de Oleiros

The facility encompasses 2 new full sized artificial pitches, 2 junior turf pitches, new lighting, a clubhouse & player lounge, an education facility for the Grass Roots Soccer & Life Skillz program, a training gym, a physio & first aid facility, a product trial, catering , administrative offices, a viewing deck and new change rooms.

Nike Football Training Centre Soweto Analysing a sports academy, who has simliar program and audience, its circulation and required spaces.

ground level underneath of ramp to dance studio, with glimpse of interior activities

Exterior view in context

Exterior Night view

student circulation staff circulation

Ramp/Slope connecting to dance studio, which warps around the building

entrance

lockers

bathroom

shower

sink storage office

to dance studio

Y Ballet School An academy of similar nature, learning through analysing the architectural decision making process.

ES P

(to

ES P

RO AD E ac e M NTRY idd le)

RO AD EN pp TR er) Y

LO U

GH (to BOU R Ev ely GH P nU A pp RK E er) NT RY

(to

PA R

NT RY eM idd le)

Sports and Fitness Facility Supporting the Entire School

Evelyn Middle 270 pupils (11-14 age range)

Evelyn upper 330 pupils (14-18 age range)

Common Halls and Dinning Space Supporting the Entire School

Grace Upper 330 pupils (14-18 age range)

Grace Middle 270 pupils (11-14 age range)

Art & Technology

Case Study: Evelyn Grace Academy by Zaha Hadid age 11-18 secondary school located in Brixton, London The building houses two schools. It is effectively split between the ground floor podium of shared facilities with the separate schools above. The schools are organized horizontally to minimise vertical circulation once the students are within their individual schools. Shared facilities are also suited to community out of hours use, which are located at ground level for easier access without having to go through any school buildings.

1Rebel GYM, London (Plan) by Studio C102

Maximum Capacity: 80 athletes, 4-10 staffs Number of Showers: 15 Toilet Cubicles: 6 Lockers: 80 Dressing Tables: 6 Total Area: 789m2

GYM Capacity: 40 persons (20 benches + 20 Treadmills) Area ≈ 140m2

Boxing Classroom Capacity: 40 persons (40 Punching Bags) Area ≈ 153.94m2

Female Changing Room Area ≈ 85m2

Male Changing Room Area ≈ 80.5m2

Reception Space + Lounge Area: 105m2

Program Studies: Architectural Volume By studying an existing gym which operates at a smaller scale, to understand the demand of space and utilities in a sports facility, with more focus on the number of showers, amount of changing room in relation to maximum capacity these training spaces allowed.

SPEED

AGILITY

short sprint with full recovery (the “suicide” drill)

ENDURANCE

to prevent fatigue in later rounds, will help the fighter to stay alert and be able to go a complete fight distance runs (2 miles/3days)

Agility refers to the ability to start, stop and change direction. It improves your balance, makes your feet quicker, and speeds up your reaction time. Your mind and body begin to work stronger together.

hops and jumps

FLEXIBILITY & MOBILITY Good flexibility training will help keep the muscles healthy and ready to move as needed to deliver and avoid blows and increasing the athletes’ efficient range of motion

SPEED STRENGTH to build muscle for protection over the rib cage and in the neck is essential to protect the body and head. Functional muscle development will promote not only an increase in movement speed but also perfection of coordination, motor reaction, quickness and frequency of movements, the ability to relax muscles, development of local muscular endurance and an increase in maximal anaerobic capacity

Jump and Reach Agility Ladder: Lateral Single-Leg Hop

incline runs Olympic-style weightlifting (snatch, clean & jerk)

Rapid Alternating Step-up

yoga gymnastics

Training For Boxing Athletes: Going Back to Nature Professional boxer training consists of exercises that target at different muscles and aspects. In designing a training environment for boxing, it must be considered how all of these aspects can be fulfilled within the proposal. By creating a space that can be adapted to become different kinds of training would allow more flexibility and variety of activities the building can contain. Hence, introducing an outdoor training area that is ever-changing as nature is, could bring the most potential out of the athletes.

Various Thresholds throughout journey towards ocean

relationship between nature and manmade, through natural rock and concrete cast into one another

Natural pool formations along the coastline

5.) the concrete walls are a lighter shade than the coastal rocks in order to create a visible justaposition between manmade and natural

1. ) Users enter the structure down a smooth concrete ramp

2.) Users are forced to move along the routh between rough concrete walls, and denied visual connection to both the roadway and the ocean towards which they are moving 3.) an experience of sound and smell through the flanking conditions 4.) Exiting the changing rooms onto a series of platforms which allows for views back towards previously traversed but unseen spaces of the building

Manmade

Nature

Precedent Study: Leรงa Swimming Pools by Alvaro Siza The Leรงa Swimming Pools by architet Alvaro Siza can be seen as an example of a careful reconcilation between nature & design Siza was careful to place the structure in such a manner that it relates sensitively to the rocks along roadway as well as for it to reach out into the ocean.

ANTELOPE CANYON SUMMER LIGHT BEAMS

ANTELOPE CANYON WINTER LIGHT BEAMS

light beams stream from openings in the canyon ceiling, which only occurs from mid-March to early October when the sunlight comes from much higher up. They rapidly disappear as the sun moves across the midday sky.

in the winter, where sun is much lower, colours are much more muted

Slot Canyon Light beam Introducing lights into the building, similar to light beams found in Canyons.

Recreating the Qualities of Slot Canyon Light Beams Using 3D model prints under specific angled light to recreate the effects of Slot Canyon light beams, swatching to use as inspiration for a final proposal in which light apertures create dramatic pausities of shade and downlighting to heighten the experiential qualities of the building.

Lounge Landscape by Nicola Burggraf, Susanne Hoffmann, Steffen Reichert, Nico Reinhardt, Yanbo Xu

Design for Movement, Thesis by Lauren Friedrich (GSD) ‘Sitting is not the problem. It’s the amount of time we spend doing any one behavior that threatens the health of the body.’ — Lauren Friedrich

The body is trained to adapt, so every movement decision you make is going to have some influence on the shape of your muscles, bones, and tissues. The more variably you move, the broader the adaptation of your body. Movement also triggers areas of the brain responsible for thought, creativity, and attention, which explains why insight often happens when you’re taking a walk, or are away from your desk.

in between spaces - design for movements how do we utilize the in-between spaces to maximise the physical movements within the building, with geometries of loose-fitted ergonomics and open-endedness of possible uses.

Think Outside of the Corridors - In between Spaces for Active Muscle Recovery Utilizing the in-between spaces as opportunities to maximise the results from training as an area for active muscle recovery. Breaking away from mundane circulation routes to develop a more experiential route around the proposal.

combining architecture + landscaping into a learning environment and local community center a multitiered landscape that gave every individual the option to work in a manner that best suited their body, and that encouraged constant change in position

Contact points between foamcrete and silicone, fluid attachment process

Testing the flexibility and structural qualities of concrete coated silicone test models

Retaining sharper geometries in silicone, elliciting a contrast between the uncomfortable and the comfortable, promoting safety through integrating protective technology into the building, decreasing the need for excessive protective gear the less protective gear required to train = the less potential for athletes to act more aggressively than they should

Protective Technology - Risk Compensation Phenomenon Some asset that protective equipment may prompt users to act more aggressively and thereby increase the potential for serious injury. This postulated phenomenon, referred to as risk homeostasis or risk compensation, hypothesizes that each person has a target level of risk they are willing to accept.

Ventilation & Natural Sunlight A place to gather

At one with nature

Promote physical activities through exhibition Slight slope for light physical training Integrating the sports into the building

open space for the public to be active

Early Proposal Bringing together previously explored elements into design consideration. How do I create a place for professional sports training, at the same time, promote an active lifestyle to the general community?

Taking inspiration from previous explored fluid dynamics and the intimate relationship between the human body and the building form. The concept of the building being of a single volume emerged: with spaces the program requires as contraints/boundaries and the rest flushed with fluid, creating interesting circulation where training can be extended to take place even in in-between spaces, to maximise opportunities for training.

A large Volume, High Thermal Mass Concrete Structure

Positive = Volume of Walls Negative = Void/ Spaces, where program

Spaces that wish to be more exposed

Heat Transfer through large volume of walls, possibly with water pipes pumping through

Unwanted heat from one space (e.g. Main Boxing Arena) can be transferred to spaces where heat is desired (e.g. Sauna)

Technical Study: A Single-Volume Passive Building Exploring ways to regulate heat passively using a building fabric and transfer unwanted temperature from one space to another that would benefit from it.

A Large Volume

split it into modular voxels, where there needs to be a void, the voxels will be deleted, the voxels can act as contraints, or it can act as support in which the fabric rests on

Constraints are placed where needed to control where the concrete can flow

anticipated result

One to One Fragment Model Setup

Technical Study: Construction Method for On Site Fabric Formwork With prefabricated framework delivered to site, fabric will be suspended over the frame work with constraints of spaces required mapped out. Here I have attempted at a one to one model to bring this construction method to test. â&#x20AC;&#x153;You can make almost anything you want with a continuous concrete surface, and I like the idea of one material that can solve many different problemsâ&#x20AC;? - Alberto Kalach

Creating openings and light well by casting areas of thin layer of concrete some area of heavier, larger volume of concrete, for passive heat control openings for ventilation/ natural sunlight

receiving different amount of light that gets through the building fabric by controling the thickness of such openeings

Patching different fabric in one cast to allow different curvatures at diffrent point, as well as different texture desired for different spaces

Casting with various type of contraints to achieve various needs of geometries, as well as how well it receives light and catches shadow

Closer Look into Fabric Formed Curvatures Attempt at Fabric formwork, to get a thorough understanding of the kinds of results and various possibilities fabric formwork allows and decide what to bring forward into the building design

750ml

50mm

FOAM, in replacement of sand or other types of aggregates 40mm x1

CON CRE TE 53mm

2 KG

Less Cement, More Foam

More Cement, Less Foam

FOAMCRETE exploring into the properties and making of foamcrete, in order to introduce the use of lightweight concrete into the project, allowing building to be of one single volume

Before

After

Casting With Foamcrete Exploring into using foamcrete on a 1:1 scale, testing its strength and feasibility and get an overall understanding of the material behavior at different point.

public spaces

restaurant/cafe

private spaces

boxing arena

athletes lounge reception

practice rings changing rooms + showers + bathrooms

rumble studio

gym/indoor training area

yoga studio

Boxing Area - Main Ring - Punching Bag Studio - Practice Rings

Other Training Areas - Running Tracks (Sprint + Distance) - Gym (Resistance Training) - Climbing Walls

Recovery - Yoga Studio - Freeze Room - Sauna - Lounge

- Multi-Purpose Outdoor training Area

Massing Model Highlighting the requirement of different spaces with relation to size. With inspiration of the grid system introduced by the construction method explored in technical dissertation: where prefabricated framework is assembled on site for fabric formwork

Other Areas - Showers - Locker Rooms - Bathroom - Storage - Office - Parking (optional) -Reception

Continuation of Previous Investigation SEPERATION OF TWO CONCRETE METHOD: FOAMCRETE X QUICK SET CONCRETE A proper way of seperating two casting material was never found in my previous project. However, since the introduction of foamcrete i was able to seperate the it from quick set concrete due to a large difference in cure time, which has proven effective in capturing the natural motion of fluids.

1:500 Roof Plan

Updated Proposal Concept Model driven by previous massing model, highlghting key cooncepts addressed earlier. Introducing an elevated park on top of training spaces that connects the pedestrian road from south to north, inviting the people to join in for a walk

Introducing light well around the building, providing the private occupants glimpses of the activity happening on the landscape Geometries designed initially for training purposes will also serve as a landscape on the outside, which the public can enjoy as a public open space

atrium that allows for better ventilation and putting all indoor training activity on display for the public to watch and in doing so, promoting physical activities

A slope up into the elevated park from the pedestrian road, beginning the publicâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s journey with a light hill climb

Updated Proposal (3d Close-up) Concept Model driven by previous massing model, highlghting key cooncepts addressed earlier

With part of timber framework remained from fabric formwork construction method, can be adapted for shading purposes

Practice Rings Consists of 3 practice boxing rings, where athletes will have a chance to practice not with punching bags but with peers.

Rumble Studio Where classes specifically targeted at punching techniques. In circular formations, where instructor is in the centre, everyone will be able to observe the moves and techniques.

Yoga Studio With glimpses of the activity happening outside on the elevated park

1st Floor

Ground Floor

Basement

Elevated Park Elevated Park (Entrance from Street(Entrance level) from Street level)

Private Training Spaces Private + Boxing Training Arena Spaces + Boxing Arena (Entrance from Street(Entrance level) from Street level)

Changing Rooms + Rooms Changing Rooms + Rooms Athletes Lounge Athletes Lounge Coaches Room Coaches Room

Coaches Lounge Where coaches relaxes before/after classes/ tournaments

Athletes Tunnel Connecting the changing rooms on lower level to main boxing arena, in the occassion of a tournament

Private Circulation Public Circulation

Courtyard Where viewers would meet and gather before and after a boxing event, non-viewers will also have access to enjoy the landscape Indoor Training Area (Gym) Where athletes would be able to train on their own to work on resistance training, with various training eqipment and machines.

Main Boxing Arena Where tournaments are held. open to public (parents) whenever an event is happening. With large openings and lack of doors, pedestrians on street level or elevated park would be invited by the cheer and noise in the arena.

Rationalized Proposal After a more diagramatic approach into the design, this iteration has allowed me to figure out the circulation of the building much more clearly.

01 02 03 04 05 06 07

Entrance to Reception North Entrance to Elevated Park South Entrance to Elevated Park Boxing Arena Yoga Studio Atrium Elevated Park

0.00

5.50 0.00

5.00

3.50

9.00

700

Refined iteration: Upper Level Plan 1:200 With clearer flow of circulation

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

Entrance to Reception North Entrance to Elevated Park South Entrance to Elevated Park Indoor Training Area Rumble Studio Practice Rings Boxing Arena First Aid Room Referee Room

0.00

01 09

0.00

Refined iteration: Ground Level Plan 1:200 With clearer flow of circulation

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11

Coaches Lounge Male Changing Room Male Bathroom Male Showers Female Changing Room Female Bathroom Female Showers Players Lounge Staircase to Boxing Arena Ice Bath Sauna

10 10

07 06

Refined iteration: Basement Plan 1:200 With clearer flow of circulation

A Single Volume Going back to initial idea of entering a volume that is the building. How does a cave like structure enhance the experience of training, along with circulation that is no longer just boring boxes to maximise opportunity for training and ask the occupants to fully engage with building

Openings Going back to initial concept model, where do we introduce lightwells for better ventilation and natural lighting? All while isolating the noise and pollution that exist within the building

Reinforcing the Concept revisiting initial concept and find elements that are lacking