Berlin studio - design booklet

PLATFORM OF FREEDOM unbuilding walls

SOPHIE HENGEVELD

PLATFORM OF FREEDOM unbuilding walls

SOPHIE HENGEVELD

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SOPHIE HENGEVELD JANUARY 2018

COMPLEX PROJECTS Faculty of architecture and the built environment TU Delft

SUPERVISORS: Lars Krückeberg (Graftlab) Wolfram Putz (Graftlab) Thomas Willemeit (Graftlab) Henri van Bennekom (TU Delft) Kevin Battarbee (TU Delft)

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TABLE OF CONTENT

01 INTRODUCTION

02 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

03 CURRENT SITUATION

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04 MASTERPLAN PROPOSAL

05 BUILDING PROPOSAL

06 PROJECT SUMMARY

07 FINAL WORD

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2.3 NATURE

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INTRODUCTION

Platform of Freedom Unbuilding Walls

UNBUILDING WALLS

Walls are a symbol for division, a manifestation of power, a form of exclusion and inclusion, but also of protection. Walls are often built as a final resort, when all other options and any kind of communication fails.

In the age of globalization and increasing connectivity throughout the world across nations, cultures and continents, the physical borders seem to diminish, yet we have to acknowledge the emergence of structures that divide people from each other. As mankind should be realizing that it can only solve its problems together, nations extend their walls or build entire new ones.

The physical existence of a wall has a long lasting urban echo, even after it has been overcome and

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disappearance. This is especially exemplified in the Berlin Wall as next year it phases an interesting mirroring effect: the wall be gone 28 years – exactly the time that it existed.

History can teach us that the spatial mark of a wall endures longer than its existence. The disappearance of the Berlin Wall left an unprecedented linear freespace in the center of the German capital.

In the intelligent creation of communicative public spaces lies the power to heal wounds that are still decipherable in the fabric of Berlin. We want to categories these projects, analyze their methodologies and build a catalogue of criteria of success or failure of these interventions. We will than apply the found principles on a specific and well known open site in Berlin that is still looking for the right use and urban answer. We will design a project that will define open and built space, combine past and future, form the free space into a new architectural thesis of connectivity (Course Syllabus, 2018).

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01 INTRODUCTION

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Platform of Freedom Unbuilding Walls

THE ASSIGNMENT

The Complex projects studio promotes

urban landscape. One of the locations

broad

independent

will be chose to become a catalyst for an

thinking. Collective work with the aim of

intervention of re-interpretation and urban

positioning architecture into a broader

healing.

speculation

and

social, cultural, political, and economic context.

As each proposal plays on different scales and maybe typologies, the final products

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Eight sites along the former Berlin wall

are project depending and their exact

were selected. Students will perform

efficiency for the design will be developed

a thorough urban research in order to

in dialogue with the teacher. Next to

understand the area’s and site specific

graphic material, models play a key role in

pecific history and context, and to identify

the development and presentation of the

the urban concept of each researched

design. Through the various final products,

project. The research zooms in from the

it should be visible how the research led

large scale of the (divided – re-connected)

to the narrative and how this in its turn is

city itself, to the medium scale of each site

translated in the design (Course Syllabus,

to the architectural scale of a building or

2018).

01 INTRODUCTION

1 BERNAUER STRASSE 2 KREUZBERG 3 ZIMMERSTRASSE

4 REGIERUNGSVIERTEL 5 CHECKPOINT CHARLIE 6 MAUERPARK AND PARK AM NORDBAHNHOF 7 POTSDAMMER AND LEIPZIGER PLATZ 8 THE GERMAN GREEN BELT

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1

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2 3

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01 INTRODUCTION

REGIERUNGSVIERTEL

The government district is located in the

lie the Reichstag building in which the German

Berlin districts Tiergarten and Mitte. Berlin’s

Bundestag is based, and the Federation’s ribbon

government district is the area in which the

in the Spreebogen with the Federal Chancellery

most important institutions of the executive and

and the deputy offices and meeting rooms of

the legislative branch have their headquarters.

the Bundestag in the Paul-Löbe-Haus and the

At the heart of the political center of the capital

Marie-Elisabeth- Lüders house.

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HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

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02 HISTORICL 2.3 NATURE BACKGROUND

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1938-1941 | Welthauptstadt Germania. In Hitler’s plan for a “world capital Germania”, the

1910 | Alsenvertel - Residence of the the

“Great Hall” in gigantic scale was

upper bourgeoisie. Due to its central location,

planned to be built in the location

especially after the building of the Reichstag,

of Alsenviertel.The houses of

many members of the government,

the Alsenviertel were largely

parliament and diplomacy settled here and

demolished in 1939-1941.

the district got the character of a well-known residence and embassy place.

1945

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1900

1939

1945 | Raising a flag over the Reichstag. After very bloody and fierce combat within its walls, the Soviets finally captured the Reichstag on 2 May 1945, drawing closer to the end of World War II.

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11 November 1989 | Fall of the Wall

1992 | International urban design competition for Spreebogen The winner of the first Prize was “Band des Bundes” by Berlin Architects Axel Schultes and Charlotte Frank.

13 August 1989 | Erection of the Wall

2001 | Opening of MarieElisabeth-Lüders-House

1961

1989

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1991 | Capital city resolution. German Bundestag decided on June 20, 1991 to move its headquarters from Bonn to Berlin.

2001 | Opening of Federal Chancellery and Paul-Löbe-House

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1939

A city of monuments, avenues, grand buildings, fountains and statues.

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1945

A district destroyed by bombings and demolition for Albert Speer’s Welthauptstadt.

1961

Reconstruction stagnated during negotiations of the cold war

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1989

Demolition for the wall and reconstruction in both East and West (mostly housing).

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2000

2017

Reconstruction of the reunified Berlin according to Schultes’ plan.

The government district and surroundings in its current state.

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1900

1939

For Berlin, the 20th century had a prosperous start for the city had become the capital of the newly united Germany in 1871. The industrial revolution had transformed the city’s economy and Berlin became one of the largest industrial and financial centers in Europe.

With growth came ambition. Kaiser Wilhelm II wanted the city to be the most beautiful in the world and started building monuments, avenues, grand buildings, fountains and statues. The historic styles suited his ambition, resulting in many eclectic, neo-romanesque, neobaroque and neo-renaissance landmarks.

In 1871 the Reichstag building was constructed in eclectic style, to 20

house the parliament of the then new Germany. After the first world war, in 1918, the institution of a German republic was proclaimed from one of its balconies and the building continued to be the seat of the parliament of the Weimar Republic (1919–1933).

On the south side, the Reichstag building was located in the green of the Tiergarten, while at the north side it bordered a residential neighborhood in the Spreebogen. The charming Wilhelminian building blocks were filled with upper class bourgeoisie. Higher politicians chose to live there, close to their beloved Reichstag.

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In 1933, at the eve of the second world war, the

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Reichstag building caught fire, what gave pretext for the Nazis to suspend most rights and key civil liberties of German citizens.

During the war Albert Speer, Hitler’s favourite architect,

made

plans

to

reconstruct

Berlin

on a grand scale. The crownwork of Speer’s “Welpthauptstadt”, the humongous dome of the “Volkshalle”, was planned right in the middle of the government district. Except for the Reichstag, the complete neighborhood was demolished to make place for Speer’s plans.

The war had left its scars throughout Berlin.

The demolition combined with the bombings had destroyed the government district almost completely. But even then, the final major offensive of the second world war took place in this area; the Battle for the Reichstag, also known as the Fall of Berlin. ‘Raising a flag over the Reichstag’ became a historic photograph that became a symbol of the Soviet victory over Nazi Germany in 1945.

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1939

1945 23

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When the second world war had come to an end in 1945, the negotiations of the cold war started to cause oprisings throughout the country.

Ernst Reuter was elected as mayor of Berlin in 1947, but the Soviet Union did not agree with his appointment. This led to the political split of East and West Berlin. In the elections in 1948 Reuters SPD achieved the highest result ever in free elections in Germany: 64.5% of the votes. His Grosse Rede in front of the ruined Reichstag building made him a symbol of West Berlin.

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1961 25

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1961

1989

The political division between East and West Berlin was turned into the physical split in 1961 and, overnight, the Berlin wall was raised right through the government district.

The

Reichstag

building

was

physically within West Berlin, but only a few metres from the border of East Berlin.

The power was divided and the district, including the Reichstag building, fell into disuse.

The parliament of the DDR met in the Palast der Republik in East Berlin, while the parliament of the DBR met in the Bundeshaus in Bonn.

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After the fall of the wall in 1989, the scars of the

The goal of the competition was to create a

war became clearly visible and the city had to be

Parliamentary and Government Quarter, which is

rebuilt. After German reunification in 1990, Berlin

integrated in the city and open for its citizens.

was again designated as the capital of newly

The winners of the first Prize were the Berlin

united Germany. The International Competition

Architects Axel Schultes and Charlotte Frank and

for Urban Design Ideas was held in 1992 in order

the central concept in their plan is the “Band

to find a concept for the Government District,

des Bundes� (a board of goverment buildings)

with around 800 entries being submitted.

running through the river landscape.

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1989

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BAND DES BUNDES

In Shultes’ plan, the “Band des Bundes” creates a symbolic connection between the East and West of the formerly divided city. It crosses the Spree twice and while doing so, the Band cuts through the axial planning of Albert Speer. The “Band des Bundes” is bordered by 48 meter-wide representative four-rowed oak avenues.

An important symbolic decision for the plan is the opposing positioning of the legislative buildings (parliament) and their executive counterpart (chancellery).

They are planned to be connected by 30

the central “civic forum”, to counterpose the somewhat fortress-like apprearancce of the Band.

This

citizen’s

forum,

Schultes

felt,

would be the most important space in the federal district; it was to contain a varierty of architectural spaces, including a library, bars and cafes.

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WEST

EAST

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In October 1994, the Munich-based architect Stephan

Braunfels

won

the

realization

competition for the parliament building. His architectural concept had to be incorporated into the “Band des Bundes”. He designed a 22-meter-high, seven-storey new building right next to the Reichstag building - the Paul-Löbe-Haus.

The architectural concept already described that the Paul-Löbe-Haus should continue in the Marie-Elisabeth-Lüders-Haus, which was completed in 2003. Both buildings are connected across the Spree by a bridge that has a public and an internal level. The bridge linking the Paul-Löbe-Haus on the western side and the Marie-Elisabeth-Lüders-Haus

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02 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

on the eastern side of the Spree is therefore also a symbol of the new Germany after the reunification in 1989.

The parliament complex was planned on the the exact location of former Berlin Wall.

The architects used this explicit gesture trying to stitch together the once separated city. A significant piece of the former wall still visibly cuts through the building.

It now serves as a memorial site within the govenment building and is publicly accessible.

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THE REICHSTAG DOME

The Reichstag was renovated and once again became the meeting place of the new parliament. The transparent design and public accessibility of the new Reichstag dome symbolizes Berlin’s attempt to move away from a past of Nazism and towards a future with an emphasis on democracy, tranparency and unity.

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CURRENT SITUATION

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GOVERNMENT KEY GOALS

1. Convenient parliamentary functioning by concentrating capital facilities in the area around the Spreebogen, the north bank of the Spree and Spreeinsel.

2. Equitable integration of parliament and government, state offices and other capital related institutions into the centre of Berlin, accompanied by the development and advancement of key cultural, academic and commercial facilities.

3. Construction and expansion of traffic and technical infrastructure befitting a capital city.

4. Improvement to environmental structure, as well as

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preservation, restoration and linking of inner-city green spaces.

5. Integration of federal offices into the historically established and varied city structure, in order to avoid single-function, desolate districts.

Since the beginning of the relocation debate

Bundestag on Wilhelmstraße and Unter den

in 1990, Berlin has attached importance to

Linden have integrated rooms for service facilities

the creation of lively urban quarters. “Urban

that contribute to the revitalization of the streets.

diversity” was the goal - at least in the ground

The demand for an open government district

floor area of ​​the parliamentary and government

accompanied the discussion of the construction

buildings, shops, restaurants and other services

and design concepts in the Spreebogen and on

should have been given space. The Federal

the Spree island from the beginning.

Foreign Office and the buildings of the German

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Platform of Freedom Unbuilding Walls

REALITY CHECK

The integration government buildings in the city meant that Berlin’s citizens and visitors would be allowed to use and

experience

this

newly

created

area. According to Schultes, public life should not stop at the periphery of the government quarter. For this reason a mixed-use of buildings made was planned and

to create additional venues

infrastructure

for

citizens

and

parliamentarians.

In the case of the Reichstag (the historic building which houses the German Parliament) this concept was implemented

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with great success: The Reichstag’s dome attracts millions of visitors each year and allows them a bird’s-eye view from the German Bundestag. A majority of the federal ministries, however, decided against public areas within their own buildings because of extreme security requirements and demanded properties without public access.

It is debated that the government quarter is a “ghetto” when one sees the sheer amount of citizens and visitors that explore and use this newly created urban area. This urban no-man’s-land, a scar of the country’s division, has in fact very limited public engagement. The “Civic Forum” in Schultes plan, which was supposed to bring together citizens and trigger public life, was never realized.

Thus a connecting center piece is missing in the current urban area.

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FUNCTIONS AND TRANSPORT

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200.000 m2

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THE SCALE

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Architects Demand: Revive the Government District!

15 years after the construction of the “Band des Bundes”, the government district in the middle of Berlin is a desolate country, not a pulsating city. The complaints about it are getting louder.

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Merkel's front yard is - much like the Platz der Republik

construction site: Senate building director Regula

in front of the Reichstag - a bleak meadow, furrowed

Lüscher fills the construction areas around the main

by the dirt tracks of the rolling suitcases hurrying

station. The federal government has opened two new

to the main train station. A "hodgepodge of street

houses in the neighborhood but nobody has a view of

fragments" is how the urban planning emergency

the bigger picture.

around the band of the federal government is described by the Association of German architects.

Especially on the back of the Swiss Embassy and

They demand that a "holistic planning" will be

Paul Löbe House, the wasteland can be visited:

resumed for the area.

there is a beautiful view of the large buildings of the government district and the main train station on the

Architect Bernd Albers calls for “radical urbanization

other side of the Spree. But because there is nothing

and intermingling” of the Spreebogen and has

to linger, hardly anyone comes here.

provocatively conjured up blocks of houses in the Spreebogen on the computer in order to enable

“Monolithic federal buildings and trails instead of

“bourgeois urban culture” again. Anyone who bothers

living city, it can not stay that way,” says Stefan Evers,

about the unfamiliar sight is just a child of our time -

deputy fraction leader of the Berlin CDU. The fact

and no longer has in mind the charming Wilhelminian

that cafés and cultural institutions could be a success

blocks that were sacrificed to the gigantic plans of

here is out of the question for him: “The beach bar

Albert Speer for Germania’s “Volkshalle”.

on the south bank is also packed in the summer.” The Swiss Embassy is now part of this defiant solitaire,

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“That there is no debate about this in the city is an

but wouldn’t it also be good for an urban planning

indictment,” says Albers. Everyone works on his small

framework?

03 CURRENT SITUATION

More life in the government district Mittes Baustadtrat wants to drive the wasteland between federal authorities and offices with housing, cafes and shops. Many good ideas are in the conversation, but still missing a contact person from the Federal Ministry of Construction.

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The main station, the government district, its

The federal government buildings, should be

extension at Schiffbauerdamm - all is planned

open through cafes or shops on the ground floor.

and built, but it remains a piecemeal. In order to

Despite security requirements, this is possible with

stop the threatening “monotonous use by hotels,

the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, “even if visitors

offices and federal authorities”, Mittes Baustadtrat

first have to walk through an X-ray machine”. The

Ephraim Gothe and the Bundestag member Eva

federal government should also grant citizens

Högl, both SPD, have developed a “six-point

access to the unused library of the Bundestag.

plan”. Core idea: Authorities and office buildings

The second largest parliamentary library in the

should not isolate themselves from the people, the

world could relieve the crowded Gebrüder Grimm

center should be greener and livelier, for example,

library of the Humboldt University. The bypass

through a larger range of apartments.

of the Chancellery at the Swiss embassy, the ​​ so-called Michael Schumacher chicane, should

Gentrification still takes its course. In the quarter

be dismantled. And the Wilhelminian-style old

around the German theater and also in the nearby

building on Schiffbauer Damm, which is in the

Rosenthal suburb Berliners are displaced by the

way of the completion of Axel Schultes’ “Band des

pressure on the rents. The federal government

Bundes”, should become part of the planned new

could dampen this development by providing land

building. And another thing: on the northern bank

for housing construction. Shops on the ground

of the Spreebogen, pastures are to be planted along

floor and really expensive market rents on the top

the paths. From an atmosphere “like in Paris”, says

floors, in between apartments “for 7.50 euros per

Gothe, with anglers on the shore.

square meter warm”, is Gothes proposal.

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Government district should be “kieziger” Too much concrete, too little life. Confederation and country are calling the fight to tristesse in the center of power. They want to bring urban life into the void.

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Although the “Band des Bundes” has impressive

A group of students from Kiel is resting on benches

buildings and fascinating views, the planners have

at the Paul-Löbe-Haus. “Every architect has done

neglected the things that would invite you to linger

his own personal showpiece,” says their teacher.

and feel good and would make the government

“But obviously only had his solitaire in mind.”

district a bit more lively.

A lack of imagination surrounds the buildings. In First of all, gastronomy is missing. Many visitors

the evening, the area is as dead as the Town Hall

also miss small shops, galleries, street art forums.

Square in Tristenfeld. The only splash of color is

“In the parliamentary and government district,

the flag at the Swiss embassy. On the eastern edge

you should actually feel invited,” argue critics. Also

of the parliamentary district, it’s fun to let your

senate building director Regula Lüscher misses “an

legs dangle over the Spree or rest on the steps and

urban atmosphere”.

benches, but why is there not even a small café?

Emptiness and space also have their charm, but

Berlins city development senator Michael Mueller

after sunset it means desolation.

(SPD) expressed the wish that the federal government should open its finished or under

When the architects Axel Schultes and Charlotte

construction buildings on the ground floor for the

Frank planned the “Band des Bundes”, they

general public. The federal and state governments

planned a “Citizens’ Forum” between the Paul-

now want to jointly discuss how to create a more

Löbe-Haus and the Chancellery, with cafes,

urban feel. The exchange is urgently needed. As

galleries, shops. For cost reasons, the project was

soon as the sun is hiding behind clouds, it quickly

then rejected, today it is missing...

becomes drafty among the imposing buildings.

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TRANSPARENT. CONNECTED. HUMAN? What does a distant and desolate government district say about its politics?

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MASTERPLAN PROPOSAL

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A PLACE FOR PEOPLE

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04 MASTERPLAN PROPOSAL

GIVING PEOPLE A PLACE IN THE GOVERNMENT DISTRICT

close peoplegovernment relation

engagement of people

welcoming open

EMPOWERING UNIFIED GERMANY

commemoration

connected east and west

learning from history

transparent politics

UNBUILDING WALLS

In my project unbuilding walls is about empowering the united democeatic government and therefore giving people a place in the government district.

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The public space is leading in the masterplan. After all, that is the place where people interact, where the politician meets the people.

The surrounded buildings are defined by the space in between them; a positive space.

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DEFINED BY PUBLIC SPACE

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ATTRACTING PEOPLE

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04 MASTERPLAN 2.3 NATURE PROPOSAL

The public space is all about attracting people.

A discovery around every corner lures poeple to the centre of the district. The plan makes sure the district will be a destination instead of a transit area.

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Scattered, pleasant pockets of activity (in size and shape), tangent to the common path, make it easy for people to pause and get involved. They make sure people stay and linger in the area.

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POCKETS OF ACTIVITY

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CENTER OF MOVEMENT

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THE COMMON PATH

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The sources of slow traffic combined with a mixed programme creates a flow of people through the area, concentrated in the middle of the band des bundes.

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There will be a monument, a stage for the people. Low enough not to interfere with the sightline of the band, unless someone takes the stand.

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A STAGE IN POLITICAL SIGHT

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DESIGN METHOD

How to create a public space that is attractive,

on a human scale, the golden ratio, a nice

full of activity with a flow of people concentrated

pedestrian density. The accumulation of pockets

in the middle of the area. Scattering pockets

creates interesting, convex spaces. Shapes

of activity and connecting them to the bigges

are triggering curiousity and making it easy for

sources of pedestrians. Pockets that are based

people to pause and get involved.

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BUILDING PROPOSAL Platform of Freedom Unbuilding Walls

The Spotlight is one of the buildings on the edge of the main square, with a frontrow view of the public stage.

It offers a stage for the free word. It is a breeding ground for new initiatives and ideas. The place where artists, politicians, thinkers, opinion leaders, scientists and the public meet and comment on developments in society. The spotlight facilitates free speech in a unique way, with a programme at the interface of art, politics, society and science.

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Groups tend to close themselves off. The Spotlight invites them to talk to each other. In doing so, the Spotlight demands attention from the public, politics and media. This implies participation of the largest possible group of people, so everyone can exchange ideas and form his or her opinion about the themes that matter in our society.

The building has two theater rooms, a big multipurpose atrium, an open air cinema, an art gallery and an inhouse radio studio. The cafÊ and restaurant are an integral part of the concept and contribute significantly to the approachability and openness of the Spotlight.

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A SPOTLIGHT ON FREE SPEECH

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PROTECTING

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As a beacon for freedom of speech, the Spotlight needs to make people feel safe and secure to express themselves. The building expresses this security by the three monolitic ‘shells’.

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The Spotlight is one of the buildings on the edge of the main square, with a frontrow view of

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the public stage. It is directing the attention of its visitors in that way.

In this way it works together with the masterplan to create a flow of people, concentrated in the middle of the Band des Bundes.

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DIRECTING

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SOUTH FACADE 1 : 500

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WEST FACADE 1 : 500

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EAST FACADE 1 : 500

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NORTH FACADE 1 : 500

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big storage

installation room

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BASEMENT 1 : 300

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installation room

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small storage

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multifunctional atrium section B

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section A

GROUND FLOOR 1 : 300 cafe / restaurant kitchen CP 2017.2018

05 BUILDING PROPOSAL photo / art gallery

section C

kitchen

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bar / restaurant

open air cinema Platform of Freedom Unbuilding Walls

toilets first foyer

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dressing room

FIRST FLOOR 1 : 300 big theater

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radio studio

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small theater

toilets

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second foyer

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SECOND FLOOR 1 : 300

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big auditorium

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small auditorium

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ROOF 1 : 300

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SECTION A 1 : 300

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SECTION B 1 : 400

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SECTION C 1 : 400

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DETAIL SOUTH FACADE 1 : 100

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DETAIL SOUTH FACADE 1 : 40

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DETAIL SOUTH FACADE 1 : 40

CP 2017.2018

2.3 NATURE

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Platform of Freedom Unbuilding Walls

BUILDING STRUCTURE

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CP 2017.2018

05 BUILDING PROPOSAL

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Platform of Freedom Unbuilding Walls

CLIMATE SYSTEM

The three interconnected building volumes have

inlet through the double skinned south facades

their own mechanical exhaust system, and benefit

and heat exchange with the basement floor the

from eachothers air supply. The mechanical

need for additional heating is reduced as much

system makes sure the ventilation can quickly

as possible.

react on the varying uses of the building and 112

creates the right amount of negative pressure in

In summer, the double skinned south facade

the right places.

functions as a buffer and the air comes through the cooler north facade. To be cooled down by

Following the concept, the building has a north-

the basement floor.

south orientation. The big glass north and south facades form an opportunity in pre-cooling and

All air ducts and shafts are placed in the walls (1-

heating ventilation air in summer and winter.

1,5 m) and therefore easily hidden for the visior.

All are exhaust ducts come together in a big vent

During the winter, heat exchange between in and

in the atrium roof above the big hall, a place that

outlet ensure low energy loss. Combined with air

cannot be seen from street level.

toilet kitchen

WINTER DAY

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05 BUILDING PROPOSAL

stale air to outside double skin facade

ambient air warmed by sun flows to top

pre heated fresh air stale air to outside

mechanical exhaust creates negative pressure inside

toilet double skin facade fresh air from outside

warm stale air

kitchen pre heated fresh air

ambient air warmed by sun WINTER DAY flows to top

mechanical exhaust creates negative heat exchange pressure betweeninside in and outlet

toilet

fresh air from outside

warm stale air

kitchen

stale air to outside

WINTER DAY

heat exchange between in and outlet

heat loss through glass flows back by incoming air

pre heated fresh air stale air to outside toilet heat loss through glass flows back by incoming air fresh air warm kitchen from outside stale air pre heated fresh air

WINTER NIGHT

heat exchange between in and outlet Energy floor warms incoming air

toilet fresh air from outside

WINTER NIGHT

warm stale air

kitchen

heat exchange between in and outlet Energy floor warms incoming air

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warm stale air to outside

double skin ventilation

warm stalepre air cooled fresh air to outside

warm air from outside

to

toilet

kitchen pre cooled fresh air double skin ventilation

SUMMER DAY

toilet

kit warm air from outside Energy floor cooles incoming air

kit

kitchen

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SUMMER DAY

to

Energy floor cooles incoming air

warm stale air to outside

pre cooled fresh air warm stale air to outside

warm air from outside

to toilet

kitchen pre cooled fresh air

SUMMER NIGHT

toilet

warm air from outside Energy floor cooles incoming air

kitchen

SUMMER NIGHT

CP 2017.2018

kit

to

kit Energy floor cooles incoming air

05 BUILDING PROPOSAL

Maximum air speed Shafts Maximum air speed Ducts Shafts Vents Maximum air speed Ducts Shafts Vents Ducts Surface Vents Average height Surface Volume Average height Maximum people Surface Volume Required flow rate Average height Maximum people Volume Required flow rate Maximum people Required flow rate Total outlet shafts Amount of shafts Total outlet shafts Shaft size Amount of shafts Shaft dimensions Total outlet shafts Shaft size Amount of shafts Shaft dimensions Shaft size Total outlet ducts Shaft dimensions Amount of ducts Total outlet ducts Duct size Amount of ducts Duct dimensions Total outlet ducts Duct size Amount of ducts Duct dimensions Duct size Duct dimensions

Vents Total flow rate Vents Total vent size Total flow rate Vents Total vent size Outlet vent (mechanical) Total flow rate Length outlet vent Total vent size Outlet vent (mechanical) Height outlet vent

v v vv v vv v vA h A v h n A vQ h n Q vQ Q n Q Q Q A Q n Q A A

n l A A w n l A w A ln w A A

8 m/s 4 m/s 8 3 m/s m/s 4 m/s 8 3 m/s m/s Atrium 4 m/s 700 m2 3 m/s Atrium 15 m 2 700 m 10500 m3 Atrium 15 m 600 2 3 700 10500 m 25 m m3/h pp 15 m m3/h 600 15000 3 3 10500 25 m m 4,17 m3/h pp /s 600 m3/h 15000 3 3/h pp 25 m m 4,17 0,52 m23/s 15000 m 1 3/h 2 4,17 0,52 m 0,52 m m2/s 1 0,7 0,52 0,52 0,74 1 0,7 0,52 0,74 1,04 0,7 4 0,74 1,04 0,26

m2 2 m m m m 2 m m m2 m 2 m m m2

Big hall

Small hall

470 m Big hall 12 m 2 470 m 5640 m3 Big hall 12 m 400 2 3 470 5640 m 25 m m3/h pp 12 m m3/h 400 10000 3 3 5640 25 m m 2,78 m3/h pp /s 400 m3/h 10000 3 3/h pp 25 m m 2,78 0,35 m23/s 10000 m 1 3/h 2 2,78 0,35 m 0,35 m m2/s 2

1 0,6 0,35 0,35 0,58 1 0,6 0,35 0,58 0,69 0,6 3 0,58 0,69 0,23

m2 2 m m m m 2 m m m2 m 2 m m m2

300 m2 Small hall 14 m 2 300 m 4200 m3 Small hall 14 m 300 2 3 300 4200 m 25 m m3/h pp 14 m m3/h 300 7500 3 3 4200 25 m m 2,08 m3/h pp /s 300 m3/h 7500 3 3/h pp 25 m m 2,08 0,26 m23/s 7500 m 1 3/h 2 2,08 0,26 m 0,26 m m2/s 1 0,5 0,26 0,26 0,52 1 0,5 0,26 0,52 0,52 0,5 3 0,52 0,52 0,17

m2 2 m m m m 2 m m m2 m 2 m m m2

n 4 m 3 m 3 m l 0,5 0,5 0,5 2 2 2 2 2 2 A 1,04 0,69 0,52 A 0,26 m 0,23 m 0,17 m w 0,52 m m 0,46 m m 0,35 m m n 4 m 3 m 3 m l 0,5 0,5 0,5 2 2 2 A 0,26 0,23 0,17 w all ducts and shafts easily fit in the wall and roof cavities (1 - 1,5m) 0,52 m m 0,46 m m 0,35 m m l 0,5 m 0,5 m 0,5 m w all ducts and shafts easily fit in the wall and roof cavities (1 - 1,5m) 0,52 m 0,46 m 0,35 m

Length outlet vent Outlet vent (mechanical) Height outlet vent Inlet vents winter Length outlet vent Total length vents Height outlet vent Inlet vents winter Height window vents

Q all ducts and shafts easily fit in the wall and roof cavities (1 - 1,5m) 9,03 m3/s A 3,01 m2 Q 9,03 m3/s A 3,01 m2 3 Q 9,03 l 6,0 m m2/s all three ventilation outlets are combined in one A 3,01 big vent in the atrium roof, invisible from street h 0,50 m m l 6,0 m all three ventilation outlets are combined in one big vent in the atrium roof, invisible from street h 0,50 m ll 6,0 m all three ventilation outlets are combined in one 48,0 m during winter, air enters the building trough a h 0,50 m m big vent in the atrium roof, invisible from street covered vent in the floor(south side) h 0,06

Total length vents Inlet vents summer Height window vents Total length vents Height window vents

l h l h

Total length vents Inlet vents winter Height window vents Inlet vents summer Total length vents Total length vents Height window vents Inlet vents summer Height window vents

l h ll h h

48,0 0,06 48,0 56,0 0,06 0,05 56,0 0,05 56,0 0,05

m m m m m m m m m m

during winter, air enters the building trough a covered vent in the floor(south side) during winter, air enters the building trough a during summer, air enters the building through covered vent in the floor(south side) the window frames (north side) during summer, air enters the building through the window frames (north side) during summer, air enters the building through the window frames (north side)

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PROJECT SUMMARY

The government district has a turbulent past. Before the second world war, a fire gave the nazis a reason to suspend most civil rights. The final battle of the war was fought here, and later the wall cut right through the area. After the fall of the wall it was decided that the newly united government would move back to berlin.

The new reichstag dome was designed to show transparency and openness. The band des bundes was built as a symbol

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for connecting east and west where the former wall used to be. However, The district is an open and deserted field, not welcoming, and there is no reason to go there. So what is missing are the people. The people that play such an important role in the united, democratic germany.

In my project unbuilding walls is about empowering the united democeatic government and therefore giving people a place in the government district.

The public space plays a leading role in this. It defines the buildings around it. after all that is where everyone comes together. Where the politicans meet the people.

The public space is all about attracting

CP 2017.2018

06 PROJECT SUMMARY

people. The plan makes sure the district will be a destination instead of a transit area.

Scattered pockets of activity make sure people stay and linger in the area. There should be a discorvery around every corner.

That will ensure a flow of people with the center of movement in the middle of the band des bundes.

There will be a monument, a stage for the people. Low enough not to interfere with the sightline of the band, unless someone takes the stand.

So the buildings in the plan follow from the public space, but also facilitate it.

Housing, bars, restaurants, hotels provide the liveliness that is needed. Around the main square will be buildings themed with the key values of the new germany. One of them a spotlight on free speech.

The spotlight has a programme on the interface of art, politics and science.

It is the place where the people share their opinion on developments in society.

The three monilitic shells are both protecting and directing (in shape and construction) Two theater rooms (one with view) an open air cinema, a multipurpose atrium and an inhouse radio studio. Everything to facilitate free speech.

The cafe and restaurant are an integral part of the building for good approachability.

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07 FINAL WORD

I think the most important aspect of commemoration of the wall is making sure future generations will not let anything like this happen again. By showing what has happend in musea and monuments, but also by acting on what was learned and by worshipping our freedom.

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“You have learned what freedom means and you will never forget that�.

Thank you Henri, Kevin and offcourse Lars, Wolfram and Thomas for this great opportunity to get to know your city, and for everything else I have learned the past few months.

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