S E L ECT E D WO R K S 20 1 3 - 20 1 4 jose alexandre a. spezzotti
INDEX
HISTORY 04 ancient architecture model
CONSTRUCTION 06 reinforced mortar
DESIGN 08 object design
URBAN DESIGN 12 urban open spaces
URBANISM 16 urban planning proposal
ARCHITECTURE 20 urban building complex 28 city centre building
ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE MODEL BATHS OF CARACALLA 2013 gabriela petter jose alexandre spezzotti renata cruz tiago regueira The model work was important to understand how the Baths of Caracalla represents the whole roman architecture, for instance, in the symetry between the rooms, not to mention the complex systems of water heating and feeding.
All the other rooms have dimensions proportional to the core room and, as a result, the complex has relationship between its parts and the whole and between one part and another. This is what determines the aesthetics of the design.
The proportions and rules of the the building are very similar with the ones of Vitrivius, although not exactly the same. The critical factor of the construction process is simplicity, since the base room has dimensions with round numbers.
In conclusion, designing the Baths of Caracalla was a simple process with two major stages: the creation of the ground plan, and the evoltion of the elevations from it.
baths of caracalla model, made of wood in the scale 1:500
4
development of a 1:500 model in order to analyse the proportions in the vertical and horizontal dimensions used in the baths construction
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
1
2
3
4
5
6 ancient architecture model – baths of caracalla
5
REINFORCED MORTAR CONSTRUCTION SITE 2013 jose alexandre spezzotti karina suzuki pedro lima rafaela masunaga
renata cruz rosa arasaki sidnei harada stefanie seki
development of two equal semi-circular pieces using the reinforced mortar technique.
wooden slats (3 cm) wooden base
The solution found by the group, thus, was to make two equal flat pieces of wooden base and place steel rebars and wooden slats in it. The latter was so that the mortar could’nt fill these regions – where the steel rebars would be exposed – necessary for bending the material, resulting in its curved aspect.
steel rebar
1,04 m
1,10 m
One of the first challenges of the discipline was to make a formwork to produce the curved shape. At first, the group thought of using an already curved formwork, however the lack of this type of material made the idea not viable.
1,32 m 1,38 m
exposed steel rebar (bending regions)
mortar
formwork project
wooden slats (0,8 cm) 1,04 m
steel rebar
spacer
wooden base section detail – without scale 1,32 m piece without formwork
6
wooden slats (0,8 cm)
first layer of wooden slats
steel rebars with spacers
second layer of wooden slats
filling the formwork with mortar
removing the excess
removing the slats
After the setting of the wooden formwork, a release agent was applied to the base and slats. Then, the steel rebars were set with spacers and finally a second layer of slats were placed. The mortar was produced, with a composition of Portland cement, water and sand. Next, it was used to fill up the formwork, using a vibrating table to compact the material. After that, it was submitted to the process of curing for 5 days. The formwork was removed and the reinforced mortar was bended until it reached the curved shape. Lastly, a new mortar – much more malleable due to its aesthetic purpose – was produced to complete the spaces left for the twisting. final result reinforced mortar – construction site
7
OBJECT DESIGN BOTTLE PACKAGE 2014 jose alexandre spezzotti
elaboration of a bottle package tridimensional model, starting from a plan duplex paper, using only cutting and folding.
140
140
121
140
140
152
152
242
26
45
140
12
47
5 15
23
40
40
140
23,5
93 object plan – all dimensions measured in milimeters.
cutting folding back folding
8
paper use (A0 duplex – 1189 x 841 mm) – scale 1 : 8
object design – bottle package
9
ďŹ nal result
10 6
MAKING PROCESS
750mL bottle object design – bottle package
11
URBAN OPEN SPACES VERTICAL NEIGHBORHOOD PROJECT 2013 barbara barroso jose alexandre spezzotti larissa azevedo pedro lima tiago regueira
development of a vertical neighborhood seeking the organization of the territory and the qualification of the open spaces and landscapes.
The main guideline of the group was to project a predominantly residential neihborhood, for 1200 families, articulated to an open spaces system, which consists of an urban park (project already existent) and a linear park along with the stream margins. Some of the goals were to recover and insert the water as a landscape element; the creation of public and private living areas; designing the pavements and strets targeting the needs of all users (pedestrians, cyclists and drivers); conception of the buildings aiming a dialog with the surroundings; and finally an harmonic integration between the open spaces.
APP (permanent preservation area)
land original topography
12
sports courts / playground
sketch – buildings and particular shared living spaces
sketch – linear park and interaction with the river
The unoccupied area for the project has 135.000 m² and the elevation level ranges from 750 m – where the river is – to 770 m. It is localized in the west zone of Sao Paulo, in the Raposo Tavaros road, which connects Sao Paulo to Osasco. The original topography was changed in order to smooth the steep areas and to provide a maximum street inclination of 10%. The buildings were implanted with the retaining walls resource, and the linear park project explored the level difference in the area close to the river (APP) with ramps and trails.
district localization
8
7
6
6
3
2
4
5
2 1
8
GENERAL ASPECTS
0
| use of different concrete blocks, avoiding asphalt
50
100
150 m
project implantation
| formation of blocks with shared open spaces and apartments of 60 - 100m² | implantation of a local bike lane on the main street PROJECT NUMBERS | housing units: 1467 apartments | estimated population: 4401 people | average area of the housing units: 75 m²
PUBLIC FACILITIES
LANDSCAPE concrete block 1 concrete block 2 concrete
lawn planting bed bush
public facility sand palm tree
tree railing fence
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
stretching area multi-sports court skateboard park tables playground bike lane bicycle parking urban art panel
BUILDINGS 1 residential use mixed-use institutional use
| number of builldings: 25 | residential constructed area: 148.515 m² | institutional constructed area: 3.300 m² urban open spaces – vertical neighborhood project
13
A A
BUILDINGS | constructions with ground + 9 oors (30 m) | use of the level difference to insert gaarges and commerce.
PARK | space for multi-sports court with several trees providing a shadow area to the users.
section A-A
0
10
20
30 m
B
STANDARD STREET | car space = 12 m | pedestrian space = 4m
B
section B-B
14
0
25
50
75 m
HAND DRAWINGS
common area of the buildings
square with water mirrors, palm trees and an urban art panel
urban open spaces – vertical neighborhood project
15
URBAN PLANNING PROPOSAL VILA SONIA DISTRICT 2014 barbara barroso jose alexandre spezzotti larissa azevedo pedro lima tiago regueira
elaboration of an urban plan in the vila sonia district, proposing interventions of zoning, mobility, public spaces and infrastructure.
This urban plan consists of an extension of the Sao Paulo master plan, but with a regional and deeper scale. The group made several studies of Vila Sonia, located in the Butanta sub-prefecture, in order to gather information about the district problems so that the intervention project could be formulated, considering the region’s deficiencies and demands. gradation of use
neighborhood
neighborhood
The analysis have shown an area of a plurality of landscapes and social inequality, a reflection of the entire city of Sao Paulo. Thus, the proposals aim to achieve a more righteous and rational urban development by means of sectoral guidelines that, althought presented as separate, were thought together.
centrality axis
neighborhood
neighborhood
neighborhood
neighborhood
The arrangement of the various centrality axes – which leads to a decentralization of the uses – is based on a hierarchy of population density and mobility demand. In them, there will be infrastructure, verticalization, mixeduse development and public facilities. In the neighborhood areas, which are the spaces between the axes, the different landscapes and urban dynamics will be preserved.
sketch of the occupation structure
VERTICAL NEIGHTBORHOOD
METROPOLITAN AXIS
HORIZONTAL NEIGHBORHOOD
SPECIAL AXIS
HORIZONTAL NEIGHBORHOOD
SPECIAL AXIS - 2
schematic section N-S NEIGHBORHOOD AXIS
schematic section E-W
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intervention area
NEIGHBORHOOD AXIS
NEIGHBORHOOD AXIS
mixed-use
residential use
jardim jaqueline
makro
eliseu de almeida
ministro laudo
francisco morato
intercontinental
jorge joao saad
chacara do jockey
corveta camacua
viela da paz
axis
itarare
comercial centrality + densification + mobility + linear parks
favela
recovery + land regularization + production of habitations of social interest
urban park IMPLEMENTATION ORDER IMPLEMENTATION STAGES 1 UIA francisco morato A removals UIA eliseu de almeida
2
UIA eliseu de almeida UIA jardim jaqueline UIA jardim colombo UIA viela da paz UIA intercontinental UIA pires-cabore UIA ministro laudo
3
remaining UIAs GOVERNMENT PRIVATE SECTOR
charque grande pires-cabore urban intervention areas (UIAs)
temporary realocation
B
opening of streets parcelling reparcelling liberations of stream margins land regularization habitation / facilities
C
sale of lots qualification of public spaces
land-use planning + urban infrastructure buildings + source of funds
Along with the axes, a new urban dynamic of interaction with the rivers was developed. It would involve an environmental recovery of the river courses and its inclusion in the axes, which in turn would be benefited by the open spaces and the landscape quality gain.
current situation
proposal (linear park + verticalization) urban planning proposal – vila sonia district
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SAO PAULO-MORUMBI STATION
VILA SONIA STATION PROF FRANCISCO MORATO AVENUE
JORGE JOAO SAAD AVENUE
ELISEU DE ALMEIDA AVENUE ESTADIO MORUMBI STATION
The mobility guideline is also based on a hierarchy, since in the main streets – which compose the structural subsystem – there will be underground, monorail and BRT (Bus Rapid Transit). The feeding subsystem, in turn, includes local buses and a neighborhood-scale bike lanes, functioning together with bicycle rental stations in the terminals. Therefore, the mobility plan has the goal to achieve a high quality public transport and, in consequence, reduce the automobile-dependence.
CHACARA DO JOCKEY STATION
line 4 underground + BRT line 17 monorail intermodal terminals
LARGO DO TABOAO STATION
structural bike lanes + local bus neihborhood bike lanes + local bus
urban mobility infrastructure
For the habitation, the removal of the population close to the stream margin and their realocation to the new buildings in the axes, and also using the ZEIS (Special Zones of Social Interest) as production and revitalization of dwellings, constituite the main guideline.
current situation
proposal ( reparcelling – liberation of the stream margins and maintenance of the local population)
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AXES
NEIGHBORHOOD
proposed zoning coeffcient of utilization (CA) max min min base max occupancy rate permeability
exclusively residential zone – 1 ZER–1 0,2 exclusively residential zone – 2 ZER–2 0,2
1
1
0,5
0,3
1
1
0,5
0,3
exclusively residential zone – 3 ZER–3 0,5
1
2
0,5
0,3
mixed-used zone
ZM
0,2
1
1
0,5
0,3
neighborhood-centrality zone
ZCB
0,5
0,3
ZCR
0,5
2 2
0,5
regional-centrality zone
1 1
0,5
0,3
metropolitan-centrality zone
ZCM
0,5
1
4
0,5
0,3
special-centrality zone – 1 special-centrality zone – 2
ZCE–1 0,5 ZCE–2 0,5
1
2
0,5
0,3
1
4
0,5
0,3
min lot
max lot
max unity area
max height
– 8m 125m² 250m² – 8m 250m² 500m² – 15m – 125m² 250m² 6m 250m² 500m² 80m² 15m 250m² 500m² 80m² 15m 250m² 1000m² 80m² 30m 250m² 500m² 80m² 15m 250m² 1000m² 80m² 30m 250m²
500m²
nonresidential uses
– – – nR1 nR1 nR2 nR3 nR3 nR2
ZEIS–1 recovery of favelas ZEIS–2 production of habitations of social interest squares and parks urban planning proposal – vila sonia district
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URBAN BUILDING COMPLEX ALONG PINHEIROS RIVER 2014 barbara barroso jose alexandre spezzotti karina de souza laryssa oliveira
development of an intervention in the west zone of sao paulo, approaching the themes of infrastructure, social housing and public facilities
The choice of the site was due to the lack of integration between its spaces, absence of public facilites and housing deficit. Therefore, the project aims to diminish these problems – by the formation of an axis through the public facilities and the habitations – and, also, to incentivize the pedestrian by creating several permeable green areas and connections to the Pinheiros river. The public facilities projected were an UBS (Basic Unity of Care) and a leisure building, in which are a cafe, bike racks, bike shop and seating areas. The reason for the creation of these buildings is that, in the location, there were no buildings with these uses. Orthogonal shapes in the pavement and vegetation contribuited to a clear division of public, semi-public and private spaces. Moreover, the use of steel and precast concrete had the goal to increase the construction speed.
UBS
longidutinal section
20
sketch of the building permeability
districts localization
sketch of the main guideline: a leisure building connected to a bridge; bike lanes and a platform to interact with the river
50
100
150 m
nacoes unidas avenue
engenheiro bilings avenue 0
manuel bandeira avenue
site plan
The buildings were designed to have en o u g h a pa r tm en ts to a l l th e population of the ‘‘Da Linha’’ favela, which has 250 households. The location of the linear favela was transformed into a pedestrian path, surrounded by commerce.
LEGEND 1 residential use mixed-use leisure building UBS (basic unity of care) sports court sketch of the housing permeability
bike lane
0
20
40
60 m
urban building complex – along pinheiros river
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HOUSING
DIFFERENT TYPES
type 1 – apartments with 57,5 m²
type 2 – apartments with 60 m² 0
5
0
22
10
5
10
15 m
15 m
type 3 – apartments with 55 m²
0
5
0
10
5
15 m
10
15 m
urban building complex – along pinheiros river
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PUBLIC FACILITIES
UBS AND LEISURE BUILDING
The UBS project was strongly inspired by the works of the brazilian architect Lele, in his Sarah Hospitals projects. Thus, the basic unity of care has various green living areas, along with a great square on the oustside. The considerable square space was due to the possibility of the UBS expansion, and that is the reason why it has some drywalls.
LEGEND 1 green area bathroom reception service
0
10
20
0
24
5
30 m
10
15 m
UBS oor plan
UBS section
leisure building ground-floor plan
leisure building first-floor plan 0
5
10
15 m
This multi-use building has, on the ground floor, bike racks, bike shop and a bike workshop as well. In the first floor, it has a cafe and stairs functiong as bleachers, so that the user can enjoy the view to the complex. The access through the bridge that cross the Pinheiros river is made by ramps that surround the building. Thus, the person, by simply walking in the ramps, is discovering the spaces of the construction.
0
5
10
15 m
leisure building section
urban building complex – along pinheiros river
25
DIGITAL MODELS
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urban building complex – along pinheiros river
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CITY CENTRE BUILDING 2014 jose alexandre spezzotti
julio mesquita square
sketch of the building longitudinal section
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designing of a mixed-use buildinga in the central area of sao paulo, occupying empty urban spaces
julio mesquita square
tre et
sao joao avenue
aur ora s
The terrain designated for the intervention is now occupied by a parking lot, and it has 792 m². It was chosen because of all the transport infrastructure in the surroudings, along with great public spaces, shuch as the Republica and the Julio M e sq u i ta sq u a re s . D u e to t h e constructions aside (and considering that they can be bought in the future and become high buildings), the options of occupation were limited. Despite having few facades open to the sun, the solution was to make 2 almost parallel blocks facing to the north diretion, which recieve the best insolation in Brazil.
COMMERCE + HOUSING
0
25
50
75m
site plan
district localization
The project was designed thinking about both the internal and external areas. In the front block, there is commerce in the ground floor. In the first floor, an open public area with a cafe, where the user can have a clean view to the julio mesquita square (as seen in the sketch). The upper floors are residential. In the back block, the ground floor is composed of specific types of apartments destinated to people with physical disabilities. An internal private square is created in the middle of the two blocks, and it functions as an extension of the julio mesquita. Furthermore, a special attention was given to the north facades so they could have different volumes, using the balcons and built-in closets. The dwellers also have the resource of sliding panels to control the solar insolation.
PHYSICAL MODEL 1:200
city centre building – commerce + housing
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2
1
ground floor plan
firts floor plan
3
LEGEND 1 specific types of apartments destinated to
people with physical disabilities. | O = 1,5 m 12 public and commercial area to contemplate
the square and surroudings 13 condominium area
second floor plan
30
0
5
10
15m
1
1
reference residential floor plan
different possibility of apartments – one bedroom
2
LEGEND 1 drywalls to stimulate flexibility
12 party hall 13 condominium area
3
roof plan
0
5
10
15m city centre building – commerce + housing
31
0
0
32
20
40
60 m
front view (E-W)
5
10
15 m
longitudinal section (S-N)
condomium area steel structure
condominium area
sliding panels
dwellings condominium area commercial / public area
dwellings
commerce
isometric view city centre building – commerce + housing
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34
city centre building – commerce + housing
35