The Indian Army is undergoing a transformative modernisation of its artillery systems, driven by the need to counter evolving national security threats
(ATAGS), developed under the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) with Bharat Forge and Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) as key partners, is designed to replace the Indian Army’s ageing Bofors FH-77B howitzers
Lt General P.C. Katoch (Retd)
PAGE 6
Bharat Forge inks Global Tech Collaboration for Next-Gen Artillery Platforms
In a significant technology collaboration for achieving the next-gen Artillery Gun Platforms for the Indian military, India’s Bharat Forge has tied up with a global lead, in its quest for advanced and best-in-class gun systems. Manish Kumar Jha
PAGE 7
New Truck-Mounted Howitzer
Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) has developed a new Truck-Mounted Howitzer (TMH) based on the ATAGS and compatibility with NATO ammunition, offering tactical and strategic mobility
Lt General P.C. Katoch (Retd)
Dare to Dream, Disrupt and Innovate in Defence Sector — Rajnath Singh at DRDO’s Defence Technology Acceleration
Defence Minister Rajnath Singh put his thrust on R&D in the military at the Industry Workshop on Defence Technology Acceleration organised at DRDO. He called for breaking boundaries and the need to achieve advancements in both incremental and disruptive tech through the latest innovations, leading to discussion on critical and emerging tech.
MANISH KUMAR JHA
EW WARFARE TECHNOLOGIES HAVE introduced an element of urgency to observe and act on a new approach to the capability development roadmap. That is about the national thrust on R&D in military technologies.
The military needs to sharpen its readiness in advanced technology, emerging
technology, nuclear, cyber, space, and artificial intelligence.
Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has called upon the private sector to move forward from ‘participation’ to ‘taking lead’ in the defence sector, assuring the Government’s full support to make India an innovation & technology hub and one of the strongest countries in the world.
He was addressing scientists, industry leaders, academia, start-ups, MSMEs
and young entrepreneurs during Twaral, a DRDO-Industry Workshop on Defence Technology Acceleration organised at DRDO Bhawan in New Delhi on October 18. The Defence Minister also launched ‘Dare to Dream 5.0’ for innovators to come forward with transformative ideas for defence applications under the Technology Development Fund (TDF). DeepTech challenges unveiled to drive major advancements in areas critical to defence
Defence Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurating the DRDO’s Defence Technology Acceleration event
PHOTOGRAPHS: Manish Kumar Jha
Our lead story covers Twaral, a DRDO-Industry Workshop on Defence Technology Acceleration organised at DRDO Bhawan in New Delhi. Speaking on the occasion, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh called upon the private sector to move forward from ‘participation’ to ‘taking lead’ in the defence sector, assuring the Government’s
full support to make India an innovation & technology hub and one of the strongest countries in the world. As technology continues to reshape the battlefields from conventional to unconventional warfare, Rajnath Singh also pointed out the need to invest in R&D in defence and make the sector stronger.
The ongoing wars across the globe are being watched and followed by armies around the world. These wars have also proved beyond doubt the lethality and prowess of Artillery in modern wars. Learning from the same, Indian Army has also put its Field Artillery Rationalisation Plan (FARP) on the fast track and pushing ahead with its modernisation. The article on Trends in Indian Artillery Modernisation gives you an overview on the ongoing modernisation of
infrastructure. “Need to achieve advancements in both incremental and disruptive tech through out-of-the-box thinking & latest innovations” he said. Cutting-edge indigenous technologies developed under the TDF scheme were handed over to users.
“TDF is a revolutionary and unique scheme. It provides grants to the private sector. We sign agreements, give test facilities, handhold them, and provide complete support to the private sector, focusing on indigenising, explained Nidhi Bansal, Director, TDF.
Two in-depth panel discussions were held which were led by Manish Kumar Jha, Defence Editor and National Security Analyst. The first, on Critical and Emerging Tech Collaboration, explored the potential for international R&D partnerships and the sharing of Intellectual Property in military technology. The second discussion addressed the theme of self-reliance in defence technology and manufacturing, focusing on the need for innovation and strong R&D to build a sustainable and robust domestic ecosystem.
Twaral: A National Mission R&D in Military Tech
How much the government prioritise its thrust on R&D in the military was visible when Defence Minister Rajnath Singh came and spoke passionately, along with the country policymakers and top military commanders, gathered at one place to deliberate such policy direction.
On critical technology and self-reliance, the national discourse took place with the entire leadership present for the technology acceleration, including, Sanjeev Kumar, Defence Secretary (DP); S.V. Kamat, Chairman and Secretary DDR&D and DRDO; Lt General Johnson P. Mathew, the Chief of Integrated Defence Staff (CISC); Lt General N.S. Raja Subramani, Vice Chief of the Army Staff; Vice Chief of Air Staff Air Marshal Sujeet Pushpakar Dharkar; and Vice Chief of the Naval Staff Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan.
The talk on the criticality of warfare and the absorption of technology remains fundamental to military capability and doctrinal direction. The question is not about having the capability plan but a plan which is built around the shifting dimensions of warfare. The current global in a complex hybrid format—Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Palestine- Iran-- indicates the massive direction in how the new tech is shaping the battle in terms of attack and counter-attack.
The discussion around the first key panel centred on such a complex theme addressing “Critical & Emerging Tech Collaboration
the Artillery with procurements both from the private and public sector but with a clear focus on ‘Atmanirbharta’. Orders for ATAGS, K9-Vajra, Pinaka, Drones, etc. clearly shows an all-around effort to modernise the Indian Artillery.
The Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS), developed under the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) with Bharat Forge and Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) as key partners, is designed to replace the Indian Army’s ageing Bofors FH-77B howitzers. In his article, Lt General P.C. Katoch (Retd), analyses how the induction of ATAGS into the Indian Army will not only be a technical upgrade but also represent indigenisation of the entire artillery acquisition programme under ‘Make in India’.
In a significant technology collaboration for achieving the nextgen Artillery Gun Platforms for the Indian military, India’s Bharat Forge has tied up with a global lead, in its quest for advanced and best-in-class gun systems. This collaboration is targeted to address the requirement of modern armies of the world in an evolving combat scenario equipping them with compact, robust, lightweight, ruggedised, mobile, all-weather, all terrain 105mm and 155mm next-generation artillery gun platforms. Manish Kumar Jha brings you the highlights of the deal with a huge export potential and how it can be a game changer for defence manufacturing in India.
In another related article, Lt General P.C. Katoch (Retd) covers the recent development of a new Truck-Mounted Howitzer
– Scope of R&D collaboration, IPs for Military Tech with international agencies.”
The first panel discussion focused on key challenges and roadmap with distinguished military leaders, Deputy Chief of Army Staff (IS&C) Lt General Rakesh Kapoor and Deputy Chief of Air Staff Air Marshal Tejinder Singh, S.K. Jha, CMD, MIDHANI; Nidhi Bansal, Director, DTDF; Dr H.B. Srivastava, Professor, IIT Delhi and leading the crucial industry, Ashish Kansal, CEO, SMPP.
The tech trust in aerospace is the reflection of the emerging hybrid conflict and how India is embarking on an ambitious mission in aerospace on multiple fronts, said Manish Kumar Jha, opening the ground for deliberation with the Chair, K. Rajalakshmi Menon, DG (Aero) at DRDO.
The launch of ‘Dare to Dream 5.0’ aims to encourage innovators and startups to present transformative ideas for defence applications under the Technology Development Fund (TDF), providing up to 90 per cent grant support for eligible projects
DRDO has opened the door across the military technology perspectives from Arjun tank to Tejas, Akash and Prithivi missiles to leaping into hypersonic and breaking into the super complex aircraft carrier INS Vikrant and nuclear and atomic assets. However, we must leapfrog on critical technologies like propulsion systems, jet engines, materials, and emerging autonomous systems.
What is the roadmap? How can we be the front-runner in innovating and absorbing such advanced tech? Also, let’s address some of the key elements in our quest for developing such advanced tech--Testing and Certification for critical technologies—limited resources for defence companies in India.
As Defence Minister Rajnath Singh pointed out in sharing insights on the transformation of the defence sector in the recent past, today, technology has transformed conventional warfare into unconventional warfare. “New dimensions have been added to modern-day warfare such as drones, cyber warfare, bio-weapons and space defence. In this transformative phase, R&D in defence will make the defence sector stronger.
“It is heartening to witness our scientists, industrialists, academia, startups, MSMEs and young entrepreneurs working together in this endeavour. It is time for the private sector to take the lead as it has the ability to absorb rapid changes and create innovations,” he said.
Rajnath Singh termed the adoption of unconventional ideas, not yet known to the world, as the only way to progress in unconventional warfare. Acknowledging it as a tough task, he stated that the Government, led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, will
(TMH) by the Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL), building upon the experience TASL gained from the ATAGS project. The uniqueness of the Tata TMH is that it utilizes the Tata 8x8 Truck platform, ensuring remarkable mobility and adaptability. TASL, therefore presents a complete package (ATAG and the truck platform) from its own sources. All this and with a lot more.
Happy Reading!
continue providing all necessary support to the youth, scientists, industrialists and MSMEs in this endeavour.
Rajnath Singh reiterated the Government’s commitment to making the defence sector more innovative and technologyoriented. Highlighting the consistent efforts being made by DRDO to strengthen the R&D environment and promote the scientific temperament, he said: “Technology Development Fund (TDF) scheme is providing up to 90 per cent of the total project cost as grant support to eligible industries. The total support is up to `50 crore, a good amount for any MSME and start-up to invest in defence R&D. Since its launch six years ago, 79 projects have been sanctioned, of which, technology has successfully been developed in 18 projects.”
The Amended Standard Operating Procedures for TDF, aimed at simplifying the process for startups and MSMEs to collaborate with DRDO, was also released. These updated procedures are designed to foster a more transparent and streamlined approach for innovators, enabling easier access to opportunities for contributing to national defence projects.
Dare to Dream and Innovate in Defence
As part of the event, Rajnath Singh launched ‘Dare to Dream 5.0’ to encourage the next generation of innovators & startups to come forward with transformative ideas for defence applications. The fifth edition of DRDO’s innovation contest aims to generate cuttingedge solutions for India to progress further in its pursuit to achieve ‘Atmanirbharta’ in defence technologies. He also felicitated the winners of ‘Dare to Dream 4.0’, recognising individual innovators, startups and MSMEs for disruptive solutions and innovations in the fields of countermeasures for drones and swarm of drones; advanced acoustic systems to locate gunfire, directed energy technologies, cognitive listening device, target seeking & proximity sensing, free-space laser communication system, multi-terrain multiutility robot among others.
Defence Minister emphasised the need to achieve advancements in both incremental and disruptive technologies within the defence sector.
As initiated under the TDF, the solutions to challenges obtained through initiatives such as ‘Dare to Dream’ bridge the critical gap between the two types of technologies, he said. He called upon scientists, startups & young entrepreneurs to think out of the box and come out with the latest innovations as if it were their habit to accept & overcome challenges.
Rajnath Singh exhorted the private sector to move in line with the unprecedented
JAYANT BARANWAL Publisher & Editor-in-Chief
Critical & Emerging Tech panel moderated by Manish Kumar Jha
speed with which the technological changes are taking place across the globe. He urged them to ensure, through timely assessment, that technology does not become outdated when it is rolled out. He also called for the development of projects, under TDF, based on cutting edge tech, and devising a system of comprehensive scan within the scheme to avoid duplication of technologies.
Deep-Tech Challenges
The crucial discussion on “Critical & Emerging Tech Collaboration – Scope of R&D collaboration, IPs for Military Tech with International Agencies” opened many frontiers to address and deliberate the challenges.
The fundamentals of emerging tech do thrive on the efforts which are based on the culture of R&D built around the cohesive ecosystems of R&D institutes, Industry and academia with their ideas and laboratories breaking new ground.
As Rajnath Singh outlined, “We should not re-invent the wheel but break new technologies and innovation for indigenous systems and platforms.”
That is about the niche technologies and how the services, especially the army which is the largest force in the world, look at technology infusion. As Lt General Rakesh Kapoor, DCOAS (IS&C) explained, the technology infusion is certainly based on the lessons that the Indian Army (IA) has drawn from the current global conflicts and that does reflect the way the IA approaches the issue of Technology Infusion in its systems and doctrines.
“The years 2024-25 are marked for such critical and emerging technology,” Lt General Kapoor said.
The scope of R&D is now to push boundaries further from here, build jet engines, and 6-Gen Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA), advanced materials, and
“It is time for the private sector to take the lead as it has the ability to absorb rapid changes and create innovations”
— Rajnath Singh, Defence Minister
build MALE/HALE autonomous aircraft/ drones and next-generation nuclear submarines in India.
The Indigenous effort for the critical technology must also open to greater collaboration. The technology assimilation is also based on collaboration as science and tech need no boundaries so embrace, collaborate, and scout out the best of the class of the technology worldwide with our friends and partners, said Manish Jha.
The emergence of IP is a critical factor and we all work towards addressing the challenges for the industry and R&D bodies, said Nidhi Bansal, as she is geared to drive innovation within integrating the DRDO
with the defence industry and emerging and innovative startups in India.
The recent development of “Fuel System Temperature Transducer for Aircraft Application” by Tejase Aerosense for ADA took place under the TDF scheme and is one of the prime examples of emerging startups for new tech. Another, Simulator for Unmanned Ground, Marine (Sea Surface and Underwater) and Aerial Vehicles by Combat Robotics India promises the potential to lead in unmanned areas. Further, Autonomous Drone as first responders for search and report missions in enclosed/indoor environments developed by NewSpace Research and Technology is the outcome of such initiatives. Both were handed over to the users with robust testing parameters set out by DRDO.
“We will see breakthroughs across the mil-tech domain”, said Nidhi Bansal, on the initiative under Dare to Dream.
Several challenges on Disruptive, Emerging, Enabling and Pioneering Technologies (Deep-Tech) were also launched to drive major advancements in areas critical to the country’s defence infrastructure.
Crucially, the discussion brought up the key elements of critical technology, the materials or advanced materials. Material is critical to many systems, infrastructure, and platforms, which the military uses. We talk about TEJAS and the futuristic Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) or land systems, industrial innovations are taking greater shapes, remarked S.K. Jha, CMD, MIDHANI. He said the materials are being used towards the ‘Make in India’ effort in areas such as critical components of the engine using complex material, armoured vehicles and next-generation materials for military platforms and systems.
Advancements in materials have achieved significant milestones in areas
such as armoured protection as highlighted by Ashish Kansal, CEO, SMPP. We are a globally competitive entity with best-inclass armoured protection and technology, the reason for not only servicing the Indian Armed Forces but globally, Kansal adds.
“Material is the core. Boron Carbide is used in armour application. Only the US has this tech. Nobody has access. We did in-house research. Our tech is better than theirs,” Kansal emphasises as he points out a significant percentage of revenue that he put into R&D.
R&D must remain the most fundamental and priority. SMPP is a home-grown private defence entity geared towards advanced technologies with a greater thrust on R&D and innovation. In fact, the government has especially marked its sizeable budget, especially for the private sector. As defence minister re-emphasised in his speech, “Government to provide full support to the private sector in taking the lead in the field of defence & making India an innovation & technology hub.”
However, the debate on the R&D thrust is incomplete without academia. Do we need greater efforts for academia to gear towards the applied side of R&D? Certainly, academia could do much better, especially in military technology as clearly explained by H.B. Srivastava, Professor, IIT Delhi.
“Military technology is rapidly changing and bringing cutting-edge solutions to the armed forces. Where does Academia stand in terms of achieving such goals? SP
Manish Kumar Jha is a Consulting & Contributing Editor for SP’s Aviation, SP’s Land Forces and SP’s Naval Forces and a security expert. He writes on national security, military technology, strategic affairs & policies.
Trends in Indian Artillery Modernisation
The Indian Army is undergoing a transformative modernisation of its artillery systems, driven by the need to counter evolving national security threats
FOCUSED ON BOLSTERING ITS firepower, the initiative includes the procurement and deployment of advanced weaponry, indigenous platforms, and cutting-edge surveillance technologies. This overhaul reflects the Army’s commitment to strengthening its operational readiness, particularly in the challenging terrains along the borders with China and Pakistan.
K9 Vajra: A Pillar of Modernisation
The K9 Vajra self-propelled howitzer has emerged as a cornerstone of the Army’s artillery enhancement. These 155mm, 52-calibre tracked guns, originally designed for desert warfare, have demonstrated exceptional adaptability in high-altitude regions such as Eastern Ladakh, where they were deployed following the border standoff with China. Their ability to operate effectively in extreme heat and sub-zero temperatures highlights their versatility.
The Indian Army has already inducted 100 units of the K9 Vajra, manufactured by Larsen & Toubro (L&T) at its Armoured Systems Complex in Gujarat. This production is based on technology transferred from South Korean defence major Hanwha Defense. With a firing range exceeding 50 kilometres and a robust 50-tonne frame, these howitzers provide a significant edge in modern warfare. The Army has sought Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) approval for an additional batch of 100 Vajras, reaffirming their strategic importance.
L&T’s successful delivery of the initial batch ahead of schedule in 2021 underlines the potential of Indian defence manufacturing. The company has also made concerted efforts to indigenise components, aligning with the government’s “Atmanirbharta” (self-reliance) initiative in the defence sector.
Indigenous Artillery: Advanced Towed Artillery Gun Systems
Complementing the K9 Vajra is the Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS), a fully indigenous platform developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in collaboration with Bharat Forge and Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL). The ATAGS, a 155mm, 52-calibre gun, is set to replace the legacy Bofors systems. After rigorous testing across challenging terrains, including high-altitude areas exceeding 13,000 feet, Bharat Forge emerged as the lowest bidder for a `7,000 crore contract to produce these guns, with TASL expected to share 40 per cent of the order.
The ATAGS represents a leap in domestic defence capability, with features such as longer range, greater accuracy, and
The Army has sought Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) approval for an additional batch of 100 Vajras, reaffirming their strategic importance
Bharat Forge recently emerged as the lowest bidder for an approximately `7,000 crore ($840 million) ATAGS contract, expected to be finalised before the end of FY2024-25, marking a significant step in the Indian Army’s artillery modernisation programme
faster deployment compared to its predecessors. Notably, the system has already achieved export success, with a batch delivered to Armenia, underscoring its global competitiveness.
Upcoming Artillery Platforms
The modernisation programme extends to new artillery platforms, including the Mounted Gun System (MGS) and Towed Gun System (TGS). These systems are designed for enhanced mobility and operational flexibility, essential for modern battlefield scenarios. Trials for these platforms are scheduled to begin in 2025. The MGS, for instance, offers the advantage of being transportable via helicopters, making it suitable for rapid deployment in remote or mountainous regions.
Enhanced Rocket and Missile Systems
The Army’s rocket systems have also seen significant advancements, particularly with the Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher. Developed under the “Atmanirbharta” initiative, the Pinaka system has undergone substantial upgrades. The Mark-II variant now offers a range of 90 kilometres, compared to the 40-kilometre range of the Mark-I. Efforts are underway to extend the range further to 300 kilometres, significantly increasing its strategic value.
Missile technology is another critical area of focus. The DRDO is spearheading research into hypersonic missiles, capable of exceeding Mach 5 speeds, and has recently conducted a successful flight trial of a long-range hypersonic missile with a range exceeding 1,500 kilometres. This development is part of a broader effort to enhance the range, accuracy, and lethality of both ballistic and cruise missiles.
Surveillance and Target Acquisition Enhancements
Modern artillery operations rely heavily on precision targeting and situational awareness. To this end, the Army is upgrading its Surveillance and Target Acquisition (SATA) regiments. This includes the deployment of swarm drones, loitering munitions, and remotely piloted aircraft (RPAs). These technologies enable realtime reconnaissance and precise engagement of enemy targets, enhancing operational effectiveness.
Industry Collaboration and Indigenous Innovations
The Army’s modernisation efforts are deeply intertwined with the contributions of India’s defence industry. Private sector giants like Bharat Forge, TASL, and L&T have played pivotal roles in developing
and delivering advanced artillery systems. For instance, Bharat Forge and TASL have jointly developed the ATAGS, while L&T’s expertise has been instrumental in the production of the K9 Vajra.
Moreover, the DRDO is actively engaged in developing Sensor Fuzed Munition (SFM) and extended-range ammunition, aimed at increasing the lethality and accuracy of artillery fire. These efforts reflect a seamless collaboration between public institutions, private enterprises, and academia, which is vital for sustaining the momentum of modernisation.
Expanding Capabilities for the Future
The Indian Army is pursuing a forwardlooking approach, with multiple projects aimed at ensuring sustained artillery superiority. In addition to the ongoing procurements, the Army has issued tenders for next-generation artillery systems, requiring domestic design, development, and manufacturing. This aligns with the government’s vision of reducing reliance on imports and fostering a robust domestic defence ecosystem.
The introduction of these advanced systems is expected to address the challenges posed by outdated equipment and prepare the Army for future conflicts. With an initial requirement of 400 systems, the programme holds potential for further expansion.
Conclusion
The Indian Army’s artillery modernisation marks a critical milestone in its quest for self-reliance and enhanced combat readiness. From the K9 Vajra and ATAGS to advanced missile systems and surveillance technologies, the Army is building a comprehensive arsenal to meet contemporary and future security challenges. This initiative not only strengthens national defence but also propels India’s indigenous defence manufacturing sector to new heights, ensuring a robust and self-sufficient military-industrial complex.
By aligning operational requirements with technological advancements and fostering collaborations across sectors, the Indian Army is setting a benchmark for modernisation that addresses both immediate needs and long-term strategic goals. SP
ROHIT GOEL
(Top) K-9 Vajra-T is an indigenously manufactured Self-Propelled Gun System; (Above) Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS).
PHOTOGRAPHS: adgpi / X, DRDO
The ATAGS Boom
The Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS), developed under the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) with Bharat Forge and Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) as key partners, is designed to replace the Indian Army’s ageing Bofors FH-77B howitzers
P.C. KATOCH (RETD)
IN 1999, THE INDIAN Army’s Field Artillery Rationalisation Plan (FARP) was conceived, with the ambitious goal of acquiring 2,800 x 155mm artillery guns by 2027. However, only eight per cent of the planned 2,800 guns have reportedly been acquired till now and 17 per cent of the proposed number under multiple proposals have been handed over to the Indian Army. The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) report has adversely commented on this extremely slow pace of modernisation of the artillery.
But now there is news of the Indian Army being equipped with the indigenous Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS), which was developed to replace the 155mm x 39 calibre Bofors FH-77B howitzers inducted into the Indian Army in 1986. The ATAGS, developed for the India Army by the Armament Research and Development Establishment (ARDE), Tata Advance Systems Limited (TASL) and Kaly ani Strategic Systems Limited (KSSL), is a 155mm/52 calibre towed artillery system. Bharat Forge and KSSL are the development and manufacturing partners for the project. The ATAGS project was started in 2013 by the ARDE under the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
The ATAGS was first publicly showcased at 68th Republic Day Parade on January 26, 2017. Both the prototypes of TASL and KSSL was part of the parade. The ATAGS was included in the 21-gun salute alongside the British-origin 25 pounder as part of the 76th Independence Day celebrations. Two ATAGS howitzers were included in the battery that fired the 21-gun salute. The ATAGS has undergone extensive field trials, successfully completing all evaluations as of May 2022, and is expected to be inducted into service with an order for “307 units” by FY2025.
The ATAGS gun is towed by Ashok Ley land FAT 6x6 truck and can change over from towing mode to firing mode within two minutes. The capabilities of the ATAGS are impressive. It boasts a range of 35 km with its Extended Range Sub-Bore Boat Tail (ERFB BT) ammunition and up to 45 km with its ERFB Base Bleed (BB) rounds. During the trials in 2017, the ATAGS achieved a record-breaking range of 47 km. The weapon’s ability to deliver intense rates of fire is another standout feature: it can launch 10 high-explosive shells in just 2.5 minutes and 5 rounds in 60 seconds as a burst. All of this makes it an incredibly lethal system that would provide a boost to the Indian Army’s combat capabilities.
towed gun systems to kickstart the Indian Army’s long-stalled artillery modernisation programme, which has faced criticism for slow progress over the past two decades.
Bharat Forge has said that the deal could be finalised before the end of the 2024-25 financial year. The ATAGS has proved successful during trials, including firing exercises, from the deserts of Rajasthan, on the border with Pakistan, to the cold heights of Sikkim, along the frontier with China. The induction of ATAGS into the Indian Army not only be an technical upgrade but also represent indigenisation of the entire artillery acquisition programme under ‘Make in India’.
Another good news on the ATAGS front is, openings on the export front for this system.
Following successful trials of the initial quantity six ATAGS, Armenia has entered into advanced talks with Kalyani Strategic Systems Limited (KSSL) to procure 78 additional ATAGS units. According to Armenia’s media reports, the six ATAGS imported by Armenia have already been deployed. The six ATAGS delivered to Armenia in 2023 are reported to have demonstrated exceptional performance across various terrains in Armenia, including high-altitude mountainous regions and plains. The additional 78 ATAGS are planned to be acquired based on feedback of Armenian military personnel. Notably, the ATAGS have been adapted by Armenian military units to include a user interface in the Armenian language, enhancing usability for local operators.
This ATAGS deal not only signifies a strengthening defence collaboration between Armenia and India but also highlights India’s growing role as a supplier of advanced defence technologies in Eastern Europe, where there is a demand for cost-effective and versatile solutions. There is a possibility of more East European countries wanting the ATAGS, knowing that the Indian Army has trial evaluated the system extensively in diverse terrain. India has also offered the ATAGS to the Philippines. It is a truck-mounted selfpropelled artillery variant with ATAGS mounted on an 8×8 High Mobility Vehicle (HMV) developed by Bharat Earth Movers limited (BEML), with the gun weighing 30 tonnes has also been developed. SP
According to media reports of November 22, 2024, Bharat Forge has emerged as the lowest bidder for a contract valued at approximately `7,000 crore (about US$ 840 million) for the ATAGS. The contract is expected to be split between Bharat Forge and TASL in a 60:40 ratio. This procurement plan follows a tender issued for 400
The ATAGS boasts impressive capabilities, including a firing range of up to 45 km with Extended Range Base Bleed rounds
Bharat Forge inks Global Tech Collaboration for Next-Gen Artillery Platforms
In a significant technology collaboration for achieving the next-gen Artillery Gun Platforms for the Indian military, India’s Bharat Forge has tied up with a global lead, in its quest for advanced and best-in-class gun systems
MANISH KUMAR JHA
IN A SIGNIFICANT TECHNOLOGY
collaboration for achieving the NextGeneration Artillery Gun Platforms for the Indian military, India’s Bharat Forge has tied up with a global lead, in its quest for advanced and best-in-class gun systems. The tech collaboration took place with US-based AM General & Mandus Group partner for the artillery gun platforms with Advanced Recoil Technology. AM General is a leader in Engineering, manufacturing, and high-tech support in specialised vehicles for military and commercial families and a leading manufacturer of light tactical iconic HUMVEE while Mandus Group is a well-known industry leader in Artillery Solutions, Logistic, Support and repair, which holds the IP of unique advanced recoil technology and are a leading developer of revolutionary Soft Recoil Based mobile weapon platform.
According to the statement from the senior official from Kalyani Strategic Systems Ltd (KSSL) which is a 100 per cent subsidiary of Bharat Forge, the collaboration is not only for the Indian armed forces but it aims to reach out to the global markets. KSSL and AM General & Mandus Group aim to co-develop and Co-produce advanced Artillery Platforms based on Advanced Recoil Technology. John Chadbourne, Executive Vice President, Chief Business Officer, AM General and Jitendra Patil, Head of Artillery Systems, Bharat Forge inked the deal in Arlington in the US over the range of tech assimilation and co-development which also puts forth the higher R&D spend in next-generation artillery systems.
The light Artillery with Greater Firepower
As the battlefield changes with near-peer adversaries, there is increasing demand for modern light artillery systems with enhanced firepower, precision strike, tactical mobility, and command & control capabilities.
In the past, the KSSL has been focusing on areas like Artillery systems, Protected Vehicles, Armoured Vehicles Upgrade, Ammunition, Missiles and Air Defence solutions, and Defence Electronics. In a recent development, the KSSL has diversified in Aerospace, building upon its strong foundation of metallurgy for aerostructures across the systems and platforms for the Indian Air Force.
How will it unfold in addressing the co-developing with new design and customisation?
“This collaboration is targeted to address the requirement of modern armies of the world in an evolving combat scenario equipping them with compact, robust, lightweight, ruggedised, mobile, all-weather, allterrain 105mm and 155mm next-generation artillery gun platforms,” remarks the official involved in the collaboration.
These Next-Gen artillery platforms will feature disruptive technology, responsive and survivable fires, transportability, and
added lethality, and will optimise crew size due to fewer logistics requirements. The 105mm and 155mm howitzers to be offered will deliver firepower and mobility while remaining lightweight and modular.
This is also important in the overall success story of India’s private defence entity, breaking into the higher technology domain in search of advanced solutions for the Indian Armed Forces. Moreover, this also marks the 10th anniversary of the Government of India’s ‘Make in India’ programme which has seen some reasonable success in addressing the heavy import of military items through indigenisation.
The Defence Indigenisation: Policy Thrust for Private Industry In fact, the government’s policy thrust in reducing the imports spread equally to domestic private players alongside the existing DPSUs across India. The policy thrust for indigenisation and self-reliance in defence through the ‘Make in India’ initiative, resulted in significant defence production and exports as in 2024, India’s defence production reached `74,739 crore. Out of this, private sector defence companies accounted for 22 per cent of the total production, valued at `16,411 crore. The Ministry of Defence (MoD) further listed a series of items through a nationwide notification which calls out for the indigenisation of hundreds of sub-systems and parts.
Several private players played key parts despite the initial challenges and according to the MoD’s reports, it has saved a significant portion of revenue for India. At the same time, it allows the domestic players to showcase their tech-worthiness and some cases, to come up with advanced solutions at much lesser cost, and reducing the delivery timeline. Moreover, as the defence secretary, pointed out to the author, it is more about truly a giant step towards self-reliance and the ability to co-develop and produce in India.
Out of 4,666 defence items, including assemblies, sub-assemblies, raw materials, critical spares, and components earmarked for indigenisation, 2,920 have already been indigenised. Additionally, about 40 to 50 licenses for defence production were issued annually.
With other original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) of India in the fray, KSSL took the lead in designing and developing new equipment, leveraging on its position as the market leader in the forging and legacy of technology absorption.
Building on this, the KSSL has developed over 10 different platforms for Artillery in the categories of Mounted Gun Systems, Towed Gun Systems & Ultra-Light gun Systems for 155mm and 105mm with various calibres so far.
Bharat Forge’s Baba Kalyani explained that “Bharat Forge is rapidly emerging as a leading developer and manufacturer of advanced artillery platforms for the world markets. This strategic collaboration aims to co-develop and co-produce the most versatile and innovative weapon systems.”
While the companies are geared toward indigenisation, it is also important to highlight that defence is a sector which is so dynamic in terms of technology that it warrants a heavy investment in technology for the rapidly changing and evolving warfare with requires cutting-edge solutions. This requires not only assimilating the existing know-how but also planning out the solutions based on futuristic military technologies.
Interestingly, the cooperation does talk about the global market and opens it further for the innovating Indian OEMs like Bharat Forge.
Export arena
What could be the export potential in addition to the Indian defence market?
Globally, defence is among the most competitive areas one can enter which is so
far dominated by a few countries—largely confined to the USA, and EU with China and Korea vying to increase its stakes. KSSL received the prestigious export order worth $155.5 million for Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS) and MArG – BR systems to a non-conflict zone. In August 2023, KSSL exported the first indigenously designed, developed, and manufactured artillery system from India. The senior official also points out the potential orders for ammunition empties (shells) with capacity booked for the next 2-3 years. “As a matter of policy, all defence exports are to non-conflict zones”, Official adds.
“AM General and Mandus Group are looking forward to exploring this collaboration with Kalyani and Bharat Forge to ultimately deliver advanced mobile artillery capabilities,” said John Chadbourne, AM General EVP for Business Development. On such potential, John suggests: “A partnership like this is a testament to our company’s commitment to be responsive and dynamic as the battlefield evolves.”
Collaborative efforts have enabled India to expand its defence exports to over 75 countries. India’s defence exports surged to ` 21,083 crore in FY2024, demonstrating a growth of 32.5 per cent compared to ` 15,920 crore achieved in the previous fiscal year.
The Ministry of Defence aims to triple annual defence production to `three lakh crore and double defence exports to `50,000 crore by FY2029. From here, with the ambition of positioning India as a global manufacturing hub, the government intends to manufacture advanced systems like aero engines and gas turbines in the country over the next five years. For Bharat Forge, it is about embracing high-performance, innovative, safe & critical components and solutions to the Indian Armed Forces, where technology remains at the core as Baba Kalyani echoes. SP
(Left) Baba Kalyani, Chairman & Managing Director, Bharat Forge; (Right) Tech Collaboration - John Chadbourne, Executive VP - Chief Business Development Officer (CBDO) and Government Relations, AM General and Jitendra Patil, Head of Artillery Systems, Bharat Forge.
PHOTOGRAPHS: Bharat Forge
New Truck-Mounted Howitzer
Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) has developed a new Truck-Mounted Howitzer (TMH) based on the ATAGS and compatibility with NATO ammunition, offering tactical and strategic mobility
LT GENERAL P.C. KATOCH (RETD)
INDIA’S ADVANCED TOWED ARTIL-
LERY Gun System (ATAGS) is a towed 155mm/52 calibre howitzer developed for the Indian Army by the Armament Research and Development Establishment (ARDE) under the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Tata Advanced Systems limited (TASL) and Kalyani Strategic Systems Limited (KSSL). Bharat Forge and TASL are the manufacturing partners for the ATAGS project.
The gun is towed by Ashok Leyland FAT 6x6 truck and can change over from towing mode to firing mode within two minutes. Effective firing of the ATAGS is 48 kms. A ramjet propellant under development would increase the range to 76 kms. The rate of fire is: Burst – 5 rounds in 60 seconds; Intense – 10 rounds in 2 minutes and 30 seconds; Sustained – 60 rounds in 60 minutes. With a towing vehicle, ATAGS can move with a speed of 80 km/h and in self-propelled mode at 12 km/h with 95 kW APU.
Subsequently, a Mounted Gun System (MGS) of the ATAGS has been developed by Kalyani Strategic Systems in conjunction with Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML). It is a truck-mounted self propelled artillery variant with the ATAGS, mounted on an 8×8 High Mobility Vehicle (HMV) developed by BEML. The overall gun weighs 30 tonnes. The first prototype was showcased in DefExpo 2022.
Technical features of the gun include the following: all-up weight (AUW) of 30 tonnes; maximum range of 35 to 45 km depending on the ammunition; elevation range of 0° to +72°; each unit of MGS can carry 24 rounds of ammunition along with enough Bi-Modular Charge System (BMCS); the system can be transitioned from drive mode to fire mode in 80 seconds and fire mode to drive mode in 85 seconds; it can operate in the temperature range of -4°C to +45°C; chamber volume of 25 litres which can be later upgraded if needed; allelectric drive and also includes a manual override system; auto gun alignment and positioning system, fire-control system (FCS) and ammunition handling system. The MGS system has undergone mobility and performance trials along with standalone firing trials of the armoured cabin.
A recent development is the development of a new Truck-Mounted Howitzer
(TMH) by the Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL), building upon the experience TASL gained from the ATAGS project. The uniqueness of the Tata TMH is that it utilizes the Tata LPTA 3945/3138 8x8 Truck platform, ensuring remarkable mobility and adaptability; TASL, therefore presents a complete package (ATAG and the truck platform) from its own sources.
The TASL’s TMH, with its inherent indirect fire flexibility, allows it to fulfill both traditional and howitzer roles. The TMH has an impressive 600 km range with a speed of 85 km/h, which gives it tactical-cum-strategic mobility and efficacy across diverse operational requirements. The ammunition for the TMH, compatible with the NATO and other types of ammunition, is optimised for the 52 calibre 155mm ballistic system; it employs extended range projectiles, guaranteeing superior range and effectiveness compared to other existing systems. With its unique blend of power, precision and mobility, the TASL TMH does pose a challenge to the Kalyani Group’s MGS.
As mentioned above, both the Kalyani Group and the TASL have leveraged their experience gained from the ATAGS project. The commercial competition between Kalyani and the TASL, therefore, would be only natural. Kalyani’s MGS system has already undergone mobility and performance trials, as also firing trials, whereas the TASL TMH is a new entrant. Trials of any gun system by the Indian Army takes an inordinately
long time, which will reduce the chances of the TASL’s TMH.
In the above context, it must be acknowledged that the Indian Army can hardly afford to accept any gun system, or for that matter a weapon platform or battlefield system, without comprehensive trials, the duration of trials being dependent on multiple factors. The Army naturally would want to complete such trials at the earliest, considering the threats around India and the necessity of speedy modernisation.
The TMH of the TASL offers an advantage, in that, the TSH offers a complete system and the Kalyani MGS may even go for a cheaper vehicle if there is a price competition. However, it is good that more private companies are developing and producing indigenous gun systems, which will increase the competition and in turn reduce the costs. Both the MGS and TMH anyway provide a distinct advantage compared to a towed gun system by way of mobility, faster deployment and quick redeployment after firing, where required.
Currently, the majority of the Indian Army’s artillery consists of 130mm field guns, which are gradually being upgraded to 155mm under the ‘Sharang’ project. Although the Army’s tender specifies a requirement of 400 guns, it has a total need for over 1,200 artillery guns of the same type. The need, therefore, is early trials of the TASL’s TMH, cutting down the red tape. This would have already been taken into account by the Indian Army. SP
Publisher and Editor-in-Chief
Jayant Baranwal
Deputy Managing Editor Neetu Dhulia
Senior Editorial Contributor
Lt General P.C. Katoch (Retd)
Consulting & Contributing Editor Manish Kumar Jha
Principal Correspondent Ayushee Chaudhary
Contributors
India
Lt General Dushyant Singh (Retd)
Lt General Pradeep Bali (Retd)
Lt General R.K. Jagga (Retd)
Lt General J.K. Sharma (Retd)
Major General Atanu K. Pattanaik (Retd)
Chairman & Managing Director Jayant Baranwal
Executive Vice President
(Planning & Business Development) Rohit Goel
Manager – HR & Admin Bharti Sharma
Deputy Manager – Circulation Rimpy Nischal
Group Research Associate Survi Massey
Design
Sr. Designer: Vimlesh Kumar Yadav
Designer: Sonu Singh Bisht
Group Director – Sales & Marketing Neetu Dhulia
Director – Sales Rajeev Chugh
SP’s Website
Sr. Web Developer: Shailendra Prakash Ashish
Web Developer: Ugrashen Vishwakarma
Published bimonthly by Jayant Baranwal on behalf of SP Guide Publications Pvt Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, photocopying, recording, electronic, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publishers.
For Advertising Details, Contact: neetu@spguidepublications.com rajeev.chugh@spguidepublications.com
SP GUIDE PUBLICATIONS PVT LTD
Corporate Office
A 133 Arjun Nagar, Opp Defence Colony, New Delhi 110003, India Tel: +91(11) 24658322 Email: info@spguidepublications.com
Rajesh Kumar Singh took over as Defence Secretary in New Delhi on November 1, 2024. He is a 1989-batch IAS officer from Kerala cadre, who had assumed the charge of the Officer on Special Duty (Defence Secretary-designate) on August 20, 2024.
Before taking charge, Rajesh Kumar Singh laid a wreath and paid homage to the fallen heroes at the National War Memorial, New Delhi. “The nation will remain forever indebted to our brave soldiers who make the supreme sacrifice in the service of the motherland. Their extraordinary bravery and sacrifice is a source of strength & inspiration for us to make India a safe and prosperous nation,” he said.
Earlier, Rajesh Kumar Singh was holding the charge of Secretary, Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce and Indus-
try from April 24, 2023 to August 20, 2024. Prior to that, he held the post of Secretary, Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying.
The officer has held many other important positions in the Union Government as Director, Works and Urban Transport in the Ministry of Urban Development, Commissioner (Lands) - DDA, Joint Secretary - Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Joint Secretary - Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare and Chief Vigilance Officer – Food Corporation of India. He has also held important positions in the State Government as Secretary, Urban Development and lately as Finance Secretary, Government of Kerala. SP
