5.4 Sector: Domestic

Table 16:Economic analysis-SWM

Cost 2019-2022 2023-2025 2026-2030

Composting plants Capital cost (INR Cr.) 29 34 Operational cost (INR Cr.) 30 52 60 168

Dry waste collection centres Capital cost (INR Cr.) 1.5 1.9 Operational cost (INR Cr.) 3 7 2.2 19

Mortality saved (No.) 111 345 1555

70% waste segregation would result in reducing 90% of emissions from waste burning.This could save around 2,000 lives.This scenario would also generate a revenue of around INR 160 crorethrough the sale of fertilisers and recyclable materials.

Household-level waste segregation and waste collection are key to developing an efficient solid-waste management system (Garcia, 2014). A proper waste-collection mechanism ensures safe transportation and treatment of the generated waste. Therefore, 100% waste collectionneeds to be ensured alongside boostingthe installation and capacities of solid-waste treatment facilities.

The Patna Municipal Corporation (PMC) is in the process of installing a waste-to-energy treatment plant of 1,000 TPDcapacity. Italso plans to collectwaste at the householdlevel. This will ensure the implementation of the suggested CMsand achieve desired results.

5.4 Sector: Domestic

Control measure: Reducing the use of solid fuels

This measure is expected to reduce solid fuel burning with the increaseof LPG connections and replacements oftraditional chulhas with advancedchulhasand induction stoves. This,in turn,will result inreducing the domestic sector’semissions.

Scenario creation:

Twoscenarioswere analysedtaking into considerationthe percentageof people(Abhishek, 2017)willing to switch to LPG and the cost of solid fuel.

Scenario 1: Around 50 to 70% of households upgraded from traditional chulhas to smokeless chulhas.

Shifting from traditional to smokeless chulhas/induction stoveswill help reduceemissionsby 35%. It alsobenefitswomen whousuallyspendtheirtimemostlyin kitchen. Table 17 presents the costs and benefits of using smokeless chulhas/induction stoves. Smokeless chulhas cost around INR 750-2,000. Toensurethe desired reduction in pollution, the government shouldprovide incentivesrangingbetweenINR 750-2,000. Patna hasaround 440,000households (2018), of which,30%stillusetraditional chulhas.

Our study suggests that 25% of households still using traditional chulhas, should be incentivised to switch to smokeless chulhas/induction stoves. The incentives are highly focussed during the year 2019 –2022 and hence, the government’s investment for this scheme