HISTORY OF MELACCA
1400s- Pawameswara discovered Malacca
1641s- The Dutch invested in Malacca
1808s- British return Malacca to the Dutch but was soon traded back for Bencoleen, now known as Bengkulu City with the British.
1942-1945sJapanese occupied Malaysia
2008s - Malacca was listed as a UNESCO world heritage city as Malacca is a living testimony to the multi-cultural heritage and tradition of Asia, and European colonial influences
PRESENT
1511sMalacca invaded by Portuguese
Afonso De Albuquerque
1795s- Netherlands was captured by French Revolutionary armies, Malacca was handed over to the British to avoid being captured by the French.
1826s- Malacca was ruled by the English East India Company until 1946, before the town become a crown colony
English East India Company
1957s- Independence was announced by His Highness Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj, Malaysia's first Prime Minister
CHRONOLOGY
1511- Kota A. Famosa
1753- Christ Church 1859- St. Francis Xavier Church
1650- Stadthuys
1912- Memorial Hall
1710- St. Peter Church
15111641 - DUTCH DOMINANCE PORTUGUESE DOMINANCE
1920- Eldorado Cinema/ Lido Cinema 1934- Capitol Theatre
1795- BRITISH DOMINANCE
1941- Meng Seng Charity Building 1936- Dance Hall
1942-1945- JAPAN DOMINANCE
1960- Nine Stories Municipal Flat
1984- Ramada Plaza Malacca
1957- INDEPENDENCE
1987- Bayview Hotel
2010- Jonker Walk
2010- Little India
2008- LIST AS UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE
2012- Lido Cinema Burnt Down
2013- Hotel Bendahara Makmur
MORPHOLOGY
Bukit Cina
Reclaimed Area
Straits of Malacca
The Portuguese Century (1511-1641)
Straits of Malacca
The Dutch Settlement (1641-1824)
Straits of Malacca
The British Administration (1824-1957)
Padang Pahlawan
Post Independence Malacca (1957-Present)
WORLD HERITAGE SITE
CORE ZONE: - Buildings should adhere the requirements set by the authority stringently. BUFFER ZONE: - Buildings have more freedom in terms of the design but building height still require to adhere to the requirement.
CORE ZONE
BUFFER ZONE
EDGES MALACCA RIVER KAMPUNG BUKIT CINA
DISTRICT RESIDENTIAL Villages Condominiums
MIXED-COMMERCIAL Hotels Offices Malls Retails Restaurants Cafes
RELIGIOUS Poh Onn Kong Temple St. Peter’s Church Masjid Bukit Cina
INTITUTIONAL Bank Simpanan Nasional Putra Specialist Hospital
CEMETERY
DISTRICT RESIDENTIAL Villages Condominiums
MIXED-COMMERCIAL Hotels Offices Malls Retails Restaurants Cafes
RELIGIOUS Poh Onn Kong Temple St. Peter’s Church Masjid Bukit Cina
INTITUTIONAL Bank Simpanan Nasional Putra Specialist Hospital
CEMETERY
DISTRICT RESIDENTIAL Villages Condominiums
MIXED-COMMERCIAL Hotels Offices Malls Retails Restaurants Cafes
RELIGIOUS Poh Onn Kong Temple St. Peter’s Church Masjid Bukit Cina
INTITUTIONAL Bank Simpanan Nasional Putra Specialist Hospital
CEMETERY
DISTRICT RESIDENTIAL Villages Condominiums
MIXED-COMMERCIAL Hotels Offices Malls Retails Restaurants Cafes
RELIGIOUS Poh Onn Kong Temple St. Peter’s Church Masjid Bukit Cina
INTITUTIONAL Bank Simpanan Nasional Putra Specialist Hospital
CEMETERY
DISTRICT RESIDENTIAL Villages Condominiums
MIXED-COMMERCIAL Hotels Offices Malls Retails Restaurants Cafes
RELIGIOUS Poh Onn Kong Temple St. Peter’s Church Masjid Bukit Cina
INTITUTIONAL Bank Simpanan Nasional Putra Specialist Hospital
CEMETERY
DISTRICT RESIDENTIAL Villages Condominiums
MIXED-COMMERCIAL Hotels Offices Malls Retails Restaurants Cafes
RELIGIOUS Poh Onn Kong Temple St. Peter’s Church Masjid Bukit Cina
INTITUTIONAL Bank Simpanan Nasional Putra Specialist Hospital
CEMETERY
LANDMARKS DIRECTIONAL
ST. PETER’S CHURCH
LOCAL SUPERFICIAL POH ONN KONG TEMPLE
- NO PROMINENT POINT -
HOMOGENOUS IN TERMS OF SCALE
-
SUPERFICIAL COLOUR AT
MADAM KING’S
THE EMPEROR HOTEL
9 STOREYS FLAT
MERCEDES-BENZ SHOWROOM
SITE - NOT IDENTIFIED
DISCOVERY CAFE
CIMB BANK
HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Walking Distance 5mins Walking Distance 10mins
HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Walking Distance 5mins Walking Distance 10mins
HUMAN ACTIVITIES NODES
ELEVATION STUDIES PUBLIC VS PRIVATE COLOUR TONE
ELEVATION STUDIES PUBLIC VS PRIVATE COLOUR TONE
PUBLIC VS PRIVATE Public
Private
ELEVATION STUDIES PUBLIC VS PRIVATE COLOUR TONE
PUBLIC VS PRIVATE Public
COLOUR TONES
Private
ELEVATION STUDIES ACTIVITY NODES BUSSINES HOUR NOISE
ELEVATION STUDIES ACTIVITY NODES BUSSINES HOUR NOISE
ACTIVITY NODES
ELEVATION STUDIES ACTIVITY NODES BUSSINES HOUR NOISE
ACTIVITY NODES
BUSSINES HOUR
ELEVATION STUDIES ACTIVITY NODES BUSSINES HOUR NOISE
ACTIVITY NODES
BUSSINES HOUR NOISE
ELEVATION STUDIES
JALAN BENDAHARA
ELEVATION STUDIES ACTIVITIES
JALAN BENDAHARA
ELEVATION STUDIES STREETS
JALAN BENDAHARA
ELEVATION STUDIES USERS LOCAL
ELEVATION STUDIES USERS TOURISTS
ELEVATION STUDIES USERS FOREIGNERS
ELEVATION STUDIES USERS LOCAL TOURISTS FOREIGNERS
VEHICULAR PATHS & MOVEMENT
VEHICULAR PATHS & MOVEMENT PRIMARY ROAD
VEHICULAR PATHS & MOVEMENT PRIMARY ROAD SECONDARY ROAD
VEHICULAR PATHS & MOVEMENT PRIMARY ROAD SECONDARY ROAD TERTIARY ROAD
VEHICULAR PATHS & MOVEMENT
JALAN TUN SRI LANANG JALAN MUNSHI ABDULLAH
PRIMARY ROAD SECONDARY ROAD TERTIARY ROAD TRAFFIC DIRECTIONS
JALAN KAMPUNG PANTAI JALAN LAKSAMA CHENG HO
ACCESSIBILITY MOVEMENT
ACCESSIBILITY POTENTIAL CIRCULATION
VISIBILITY
HIGH VISIBILITY
NO VISIBLE SEMI VISIBILITY
BACKLANE USAGE
A B C
VIEWS VIEWS FROM THE SITE
SITE
Moderate view
Pleasant view
Pleasant view
Negative view
VIEWS VIEWS TO THE SITE
SITE
The site has high visibility as it is located near a busy junction.
The site is easily visible form the high rise hotels located at the north side
VIEWS STRATEGIES
Maximize Frontage viewing
Different form to draw attention
SUN PATH AND SHADOW
10AM June
10AM December
4PM June
4PM December
SUN PATH AND SHADOW STRATEGIES
Introduce more vegetation to provide shade
Maximize North and South Orientation
SENSORY VIEWS FROM THE SITE
A
As food stall
B
As car park and shortcut to neighbor
C
As shortcut for motorcyclist
ARCHITECTURAL POSITION Engaging the YOUNGER GENERATION to revitalise the CULTURAL DIVERSITY via
ARTS & CULTURAL EDUCATION
3 DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABILITY A Sustainable Society
A vision of sustainable development with three dimensions was developed in the second half of the 1980s, namely: Economic Growth, Social Inclusion and Environmental Balance. The report Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland Report (1987), enshrined these three dimensions as the pattern to be used in local, national and global strategies for development. The Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit of 1992 consolidated these three pillars as the paradigm of sustainable development.
A SUSTAINABLE SOCIETY Environmental
Society
Economy
DEMOGRAPHIC GROUP
HOW TO REVITALISE & DEVELOP A BETTER SOCIETY ?
FOURTH PILLAR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Cultural Diversity
Cultural diversity is “a means to achieve a more satisfactory intellectual, emotional, moral and spiritual existence” (UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity, article 3)
FOURTH PILLAR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Environmental
Society
Economy
Cultural Diversity
STRATEGIES
PROGRAM
DESIGN
PROPOSED PROGRAMMES
Visuals Arts Gallery & Exhibition
Performing Arts Drama, Dance, Opera & Music
Culinary Arts Cooking Session
Literacy Arts Language Workshop
Visuals Arts Gallery & Exhibition Percipience & Interaction
Performing Arts Drama, Dance, Opera & Music Engagement & Belonging
Culinary Arts Markets & Cooking Session Development & Interaction
Literacy Arts Language Workshop Advancement & Cultivation
ARCHITECTURE INTERFACE
• Local community • Tourists • Artist/ Performers community • New + Old generation
DESIGN STRATEGIES ISSUE:
ISSUE:
Dormant Site
Absence of proper pedestrian linkage
STRATEGY:
STRATEGY:
Create Strong Interaction Point
Connect pathways & create visual axis to site.
DESIGN STRATEGIES ISSUE:
ISSUE:
Not well shaded
Privatization of Public Spaces
STRATEGY:
Introduce greeneries & landscaping.
STRATEGY: Programs are design to engage the stalls or backlane activities.
DESIGN STRATEGIES ISSUE:
ISSUE:
Limited views from site
Prone to traffic congestion
STRATEGY: Dispersed blocks to create interesting internal views
STRATEGY: Orientate drop off point from the main road
DESIGN STRATEGIES POTENTIAL:
ISSUE:
Strong Backlane Connectivity
Low Street Security during night
STRATEGY:
STRATEGY:
Possibility for Multiple access
Security can be increased through the operation of the building
PRECEDENT STUDIES
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects
• Located between historic centre and the new Rijnboog Development • Urban elongation of the central route between the Station Area and the Church square • As the new address for various cultural and educational institutions in Arnhem
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects
POST-WAR EXPANSION
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects
• Transitional space between two districts • Transitional space between two districts • To accommodate range of cultural facilities
POST-WAR EXPANSION TOWN DOWNTOWN
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects
RE-ENGAGE • Revitalise the space • Illuminated billboards strengthen the public identity of the building on both street and city level.
POST-WAR EXPANSION
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects
INTERIOR STREET The interior street takes the shape of an exhibition hall or foyer, at other times it functions as an auditorium or an ascending reading room with study sites.
ENTRANCE POST-WAR HALL
EXPANSION
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects
LIBIRARY ARTS & MUSIC LOCAL HERITAGE
DIVERSE USER GROUPS The building combines a number of local cultural and educational institutions, including library, heritage centre, art centre and community college.
POST-WAR EXPANSION
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects FAÇADE & IDENTITY The visibility of this interior street from outside as well as the apparent programming on the inside of the building in the showcase windows, led displays, book cases and illuminated billboards strengthen the public identity of the building on both street and city level.
POST-WAR EXPANSION
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects
POST-WAR EXPANSION
SPACE The mixture of Library, Heritage Centre, Art Centre and Community College gives rise the most important public buildings in the city.
CULTURE HOUSE ROZET, ARNHEM, NETHERLANDS By Neutelings Riedijk Architects
POST-WAR IMPACT • Drawn 700, 000 visitors in first year EXPANSION • Increase of 400, 000 who visited 5 institutions annually before. • Previous unlet office blocks converted to a hotel.
PRECEDENT STUDIES Project Name: Dandenong Municipal Building Location: Dandenong, Australia Architect: Rush/Wright Associates, Lyons and Material Thinking Project Start: November 2012 Project End: March 2014 Building Area: 13500 square metres
SITE ISSUES - Socio-economic decline - High unemployment - Slow population growth - Low income compared to other cities
PROGRAMS
Community Area
Library Spaces
•
Community space offers opportunities for active inhabitation.
•
The community library acts as a ‘living room’ for the city
•
Council office provides job opportunity
Council Office
ACCESSIBILITY
The Civic square is both a destination and a thoroughfare
• • •
Multiple Entries Act as a new Landmark Intersection of the roads and the square create nodes
TRANSPARENCY AND PERMEABILITY •
Double glazed window used for perfect transparency .
• Library Section
Community Area Section
•
Connection between exterior and interior.
•
Draw attention from the community
•
Clear and unobstructed view through spaces.
Light up the surrounding spaces can improve the security of the site