The Indian Steel Industry An Analysis -Ribhu Vashishtha
Top Steel Producers of the World
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million tonnes
500
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0 India China USA
mn tonnes Japan Russia
mn tonnes
India 55.1
China 551
USA
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Japan 10
Russia 50.4 Page
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First integrated iron & steel plant of India
Tata Iron & Steel Co. Setup in 1907 Site: Village Sakchi(renamed Jamshedpur in 1919)
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Top steel manufacturing companies of India
1. Tata Steel - 23.5 mn tonnes(7th largest steel producer of the world)
2. SAIL -13.5 mn tonnes(18th largest steel producer of the world)
3. JSW Steel - 10 mn tonnes
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Annual consumption of steel (in %)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0 India
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World
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Indian Iron & Steel Industry
Public Sector
Integrated Producers
Private Sector
Secondary Producers
Integrated Producers
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Secondary Producers
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Integrated Producers
Secondary Producers
Those that convert iron ore into steel.
These are the mini steel plants (MSPs), which make steel by melting scrap or sponge iron or a mixture of the two.
There are three major integrated steel players in India, namely Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), Essar Steel, Ispat Industries TATA Steel and Rashtriya and Lloyds steel are the Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL). largest producers of steel through the secondary route.
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Steel Production Processes
1. Blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace (BF/BOF) 2. Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) 3. COREX or Cipcor Process
4. Induction Arc Furnace (IAF) Here comes your footer
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Steel use by sector
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Indian Steel Demand
Indian Steel Consumption has recorded 9.65 CAGR over the past few years. Per capita steel consumption in India is 55 kg and the average per capita steel consumption of the world is 206 kg and 324 kg in the developed world. Steel demand to continue at CAGR 10% or higher, at least for 10 years ahead. Here comes your footer
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Steel Demand Driver Strong Economic Growth Urbanisation Massive government efforts to create transport and industrial infrastructure : the Government is expected to invest $514 billion on infrastructure by 2012. Private Sector Investment is growing at above 15% annually. Foreign Investment of nearly 40 billion dollar committed in steel sector.
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Steel Consumption Growth Pattern Growth story of Indian economy has invariably been shaped by investment. The primary drivers will raise initially ( in the first phase of the growth cycle) demand for rebars, sections, plates, seamless pipes, galvanised sheets, pipes and tubes and electrical sheets. Overall, this will hold the share of long products up. The second phase of development, to be led by consumption boom, will drive up demand for cold rolled sheets, HR sheets, tinplates, stainless steel, alloy steel, etc.. Slowly leading to a rise in the share of flat products in the total consumption of finished steel. However, in the next 15 years, investment will remain the driving force for growth in the economy providing in the process a strong and stable market for long products ( plus the other flat products mentioned )
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Some facts.. Domestic steel demand is the main driver of capacity growth. Per capita steel consumption forecast to double within 5 –7 years. Production and capacity must increase synchronously to meet domestic demand. Most of the demand likely from infrastructure, housing, automobile, gas and oil pipelines, capital goods (machinery) and consumer goods.
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Greenfield Projects 10-15 million tonnes of capacity are at various stages, of implementation where land has been acquired. 10-15 million tonnes, at preliminary stages (such as land acquisition, statutory clearances, etc.) Post September 2008 global economic meltdown has caused deferment of some of the greenfield projects. Land acquisition has become a critical factor for few projects. Steel capacity by 2012 is expected at 110 –124 million tonnes.
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Formulated in 2005 Central Goal: The creation of an industry with 110 million tonnes of capacity and 100 million tonnes of production by 2019-20 — implying an average growth in production of nearly 7 per cent a year. The national policy seeks to facilitate the creation of additional capacity, removal of procedural and policy bottlenecks that affect the availability of production inputs, increased investment in research and development, and the creation of road, railway, and port infrastructure. Here comes your footer
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•Tata Steel has been given the green signal by the South African government to start construction on its US$ 103 million ferrochrome steel plant at Richards Bay in the country's KwaZuluNatal region. •After acquiring Singapore's NatSteel, Tata Steel bought Thailand's Millennium Steel PLC for US$ 400 million as part of its US$ 23 billion expansion programme over the next 12 to 15 years. •The acquisition of the Anglo-Dutch steelmaker Corus adds 19 MT of steel-making capacity for TATA Steel. •JSW is close to picking up a stake in Thailand's largest stainless steel producer. •The UK-based speciality steel and engineering group, Caparo's new facilities are coming up in Chennai, Pitampur, Bawal, Noida and Here comes your footer Page 23 Gurgaon.
•Significant availability of high quality iron ore.
•Availability of highly skilled technical manpower at low cost. •A history and experience to carry in steel making. •Strong entrepreneurship, especially in the private sector. •Strong domestic market growth potential reduces the risk in higher exposure to the global market. •Overall, steelmaking in India is highly cost efficient and needs no protection from ‘fairly traded’ imports. Here comes your footer
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