LIGHT & SHADOW SPACE
All material in nature, the mountains and the streams and the air and we, are made of Light which has been spent, and this crumpled mass called material casts a shadow, and the shadow belongs to Light.
Louis Kahn
CLAIMS..................................................................................1 PARAMETERS & STRATEGIES...................................................11 DIAGRAMS.....................................................................................................12 SURFACE - STRUCTURE RELATIONSHIPS..........................................................15 LOUIS KAHN INSPIRED DRAWINGS..................................................................27 SURFACE-STRUCTURE <--> LIGHT-SHADOW TRANSLATIONS.............................37
EXPLORATION & DESIGN.........................................................49 SOURCES...............................................................................86
Light. It it what allows us to see the world around us and understand physical beauty with one of our senses: sight. Light can be manipulated and controlled in many different ways to achieve certain effects we wish to express whether it be to evoke certain emotions, actions or functionalities. 2
Too often, light is taken for granted in developed countries today because of the use of electricity and artificial lighting. 3
Light is such a gift that allows us to see things around us and begin to tell the passage of time as the sky slowly brightens and dims at the beginning and end of each day.Now, you can be in an artificially lit space all day and have absolutely no idea how much time has passed without a watch or clock. 4
Shadows, which I consider the antagonist of light is often disregarded and is the darkness that light must defeat. But without shadows, there is no depth and dimension. Objects are defined by the light that is caught by them and the shadows that they cast. Shadows used to be how we told time; the shadow that was cast onto a suface by a vertical element. It is something that can constantly move and does not remain static contributing to the definitions of time, age, and locations.
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â&#x20AC;&#x153;Greek architecture taught me that the column is where the light is not, and the space between is where the light is. It is a matter of no-light, light, no-light, light. A column and a column brings light between them. To make a column which grows out of the wall and which makes its own rhythm of no-light, light, no-light: that is the marvel of the artist.â&#x20AC;?
Louis Kahn
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Structure is the giver of light. 7
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In terms of architecture, how can the importance of light and shadow be explored? I am redefining the definitions of light and shadow through structure and surface. Structure is the creator of shadow and surface is the receiver of light and shadow. How can structure and surface be manipulated to regain the properties of light and shadow that tells time and place which has been lost in the midst of technology and artificial lighting? How can the different relationships between structure and surface be utilized to experiment with light and shadow to play around with an architecture that may be defined through the passage of time and place?
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1 Photgraphy
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5 Light/Shadow Diagram
The area of research is precedent research on Louis Kahn and architects that have an interest in light and shadow such as Tadao Ando. After defining the different relationships between structure and surface, their properties are defined and analyzed through photography by Iwaan Baan. These photographs are the basis of initial structure and surface analysis. Further investigation is made from certain Louis Kahn drawings to develop a language to abstractly describe light and shadow through structure and surface. An attempt was made to start from the photograph and develop it into an abstract Louis Kahn inspired diagram as well in the other direction; from the abstract drawing to what could be a building. 12
SURFACE WRAPS STRUCTURE
SURFACE RESPONDS TO STRUCTURE
SURFACE DRAPE STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE WRAPS SURFACE
SURFACE = STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE DRAPE SURFACE
STRUCTURE RESPONDS TO SURFACE
STRUCTURE TAUT ON SURFACE
SURFACE TAUT ON STRUCTURE
SURFACE =/= STRUCTURE
SURFACE STRUCTURE RELATIONSHIPS STRUCTURE: CREATER OF SHADOW SUPPORTS, PROTECTS, OUTLINES
SURFACE: RECEIVER OF LIGHT CATCHES, PROTECTS, FILLS-IN
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STRUCTURE TAUT ON STRUCTURE
TIGHT
SURFACE INTERSECTING STRUCTURE STRUCTURE MOLDING STRUCTURE
SURFACE TAUT ON SURFACE
STRUCTURE INTERSECTING SURFACE SURFACE MOLDING SURFACE
STRUCTURE INTERSECTING STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE MOLDING SURFACE
STRUCTURE TAUT ON SURFACE
SURFACE TAUT ON STRUCTURE
SURFACE INTERSECTING SURFACE
SURFACE MOLDING STRUCTURE SURFACE = STRUCTURE SURFACE =/= STRUCTURE SURFACE WRAPS SURFACE
STRUCTURE WRAPS STRUCTURE WRAPS SURFACE STRUCTURE
SURFACE WRAPS STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE DRAPE STRUCTURE DRAPE SURFACE DRAPE STRUCTURE SURFACE STRUCTURE
SURFACE DRAPE SURFACE
LOOSE
NO INFLUECE
INFLUENCE OF SECONDARY ON PRIMARY
HIGH INFLUENCE
SURFACE WRAP STRUCTURE 15
SALK INSTITUTE LOUIS KAHN
OKURAYAMA APARTMENTS SANNA
SILVER HUT TOYO ITO
SURFACE DRAPE STRUCTURE 16
HEYDAR ALIYEV CENTER ZAHA HADID
RIVERSIDE MUSEUM ZAHA HADID
HEYDAR ALIYEV CENTER ZAHA HADID
SURFACE TAUT ON STRUCTURE 17
CASA DA MUSICA OMA
STEEL HUT TOYO ITO
DEYOUNG MUSEUM HERZOG & DE MEURON
SURFACE WRAP SURFACE 18
BASEL MESSE HERZOG & DE MEURON
COOPER UNION MORPHOSIS
OOSTEN STEVEN HOLL
SURFACE = STRUCTURE 19
ORQUIDEANUM JPRCR & PLAN B
SUMIKA PROJECT TOYO ITO
GUANGZHOU OPERA HOUSE ZAHA HADID
SURFACE =/= STRUCTURE 20
DIGITAL BEIJING PEI ZHOU
LEEUM MUSEUM OMA
CASA DA MUSICA OMA
STRUCTURE WRAP SURFACE 21
CARVER APARTMENTS MMA
GALAXY SOHO ZAHA HADID
STRUCTURE DRAPE SURACE 22
THE SHANGHAI GIANT GROUP MORPHOSIS
CCTV OMA
RIVERSIDE ZAHA HADID
STRUCTURE TAUT ON SURFACE 23
SILVER HUT TOYO ITO
TAMA ART UNIVERSITY LIBRARY TOYO ITO
SERPENTINE GALLERY PAVILLION 2007
STRUCTURE WRAP STRUCTURE 24
ART GALLERY OF ONTARIO FRANK GEHRY
CMA HEADQUARTERS ZAHA HADID
DEE + CHARLES WYLY THEATER REX + OMA
STRUCTURE DRAPE STRUCTURE 25
SF FEDERAL BUILDING MORPHOSIS
COOPER UNION MORPHOSIS
CMA HEADQUARTERS ZAHA HADID
STRUCTURE TAUT ON STRUCTURE 26
YAOKO KAWAGAE MUSEUM TAMA ART UNIVERSITY LIBRARY TOYO ITO TOYO ITO
SILVER HUT TOYO ITO
27
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29
30
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37
DIGITAL BEIJING PEI ZHOU
LEEUM MUSEUM OMA
CASA DA MUSICA OMA
BASEL MESSE HERZOG & DE MEURON
COOPER UNION MORPHOSIS
OOSTEN STEVEN HOLL
38
ORQUIDEANUM JPRCR & PLAN B
SUMIKA PROJECT TOYO ITO
GUANGZHOU OPERA HOUSE ZAHA HADID
CASA DA MUSICA OMA
STEEL HUT TOYO ITO
DEYOUNG MUSEUM HERZOG & DE MEURON
39
ART GALLERY OF ONTARIO FRANK GEHRY
CMA HEADQUARTERS ZAHA HADID
DEE + CHARLES WYLY THEATER REX + OMA
SILVER HUT TOYO ITO
TAMA ART UNIVERSITY LIBRARY TOYO ITO
SERPENTINE GALLERY PAVILLION 2007
40
SALK INSTITUTE LOUIS KAHN
OKURAYAMA APARTMENTS SANNA
SILVER HUT TOYO ITO
HEYDAR ALIYEV CENTER ZAHA HADID
RIVERSIDE MUSEUM ZAHA HADID
HEYDAR ALIYEV CENTER ZAHA HADID
41
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43
44
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DIGITAL BEIJING PEI ZHOU
LEEUM MUSEUM OMA
CASA DA MUSICA OMA
BASEL MESSE HERZOG & DE MEURON
COOPER UNION MORPHOSIS
OOSTEN STEVEN HOLL
46
ART GALLERY OF ONTARIO FRANK GEHRY
CMA HEADQUARTERS ZAHA HADID
DEE + CHARLES WYLY THEATER REX + OMA
SILVER HUT TOYO ITO
TAMA ART UNIVERSITY LIBRARY TOYO ITO
SERPENTINE GALLERY PAVILLION 2007
47
ORQUIDEANUM JPRCR & PLAN B
SUMIKA PROJECT TOYO ITO
GUANGZHOU OPERA HOUSE ZAHA HADID
CASA DA MUSICA OMA
STEEL HUT TOYO ITO
DEYOUNG MUSEUM HERZOG & DE MEURON
48
SALK INSTITUTE LOUIS KAHN
OKURAYAMA APARTMENTS SANNA
SILVER HUT TOYO ITO
HEYDAR ALIYEV CENTER ZAHA HADID
RIVERSIDE MUSEUM ZAHA HADID
HEYDAR ALIYEV CENTER ZAHA HADID
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Waiting Spaces: Salon Theater Medical Offices Bus terminals Airports DMV
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Airport as Non-place Airport is known to be a place of transition. It is a place that is repeated all over the world and does not exist as an individual place.It is a place where people go to leave, not a place of destination. Time can pass in this space of waiting without being very aware of the fact of how much time has passed. There is also no real program for waiting even though waiting is the entire performance of being at an airport. How can we understand waiting and the spaces designed for waiting.
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STRUCTURE WRAP STRUCTURE
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STRUCTURE WRAP SURFACE
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SURFACE TAUT ON STRUCTURE
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STRUCTURE WRAP STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE WRAP SURFACE
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STRUCTURE WRAP STRUCTURE
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STRUCTURE WRAP SURFACE
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SURFACE WRAP SURFACE STRUCTURE WRAP STRUCTURE
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SURFACE TAUT ON STRUCTURE
SURFACE WRAP STRUCTURESURFACE WRAP SURFACE
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SURFACE WRAP STRUCTURESTRUCTURE WRAP STRUCTURE
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SURFACE WRAP SURFACE STRUCTURE WRAP STRUCTURE
SURFACE WRAP SURFACE
SURFACE TAUT ON STRUCTURE
SURFACE WRAP STRUCTURESURFACE WRAP SURFACE
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SURFACE WRAP STRUCTURESTRUCTURE WRAP STRUCTURE
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STRUCTURE WRAP SURFACE
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STRUCTURE DRAPE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE WRAP SURFACE
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SURFACE WRAP STRUCTURE
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12 6 6 4
4 4 4 59
3
3 3
3 3
3
3 60
3
3 3
3
2
2
1 61
Repetitive Objects
# of shapes
# of shapes
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Drew, P. (1996). <i>Church on the Water, Church of the Light: Tadao Ando</i>. London: Phaidon. Kahn, L., & Johnson, N. (1975). <i>Light is the theme: Louis I. Kahn and the Kimbell Art Museum : Comments on architecture</i>. Fort Worth, Tex.: Kimbell Art Foundation. Kahn, L. (2013). <i>Silence and Light</i>. Zurich: Park Books. Lobell, J., & Kahn, L. (1979). <i>Between silence and light: Spirit in the architecture of Louis I. Kahn</i>. Boulder: Shambhala :. Michel, L. (1996). <i>Light: The shape of space : Designing with space and light</ i>. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.