How do children learn to read?
National Reading Panel
5 Core Components of Reading
Comprehension
The understanding of what is read.
Vocabulary
The words and what they mean.
Fluency
Reading with speed and accuracy.
Phonics
The relationship between letters and their sounds.
Example: cat /c/ /ă/ /t/ (a vowel closed in by a consonant makes the vowel short)
Phonemic Awareness
The smallest unit of sound.
Students identify and manipulate the sounds.
Example: frog /f/ /r/ /o/ /g/ (4 phonemes)
shop /sh/ /o/ /p/ (3 phonemes)
MAPReadingFluency DonavanYarnall,StacyCarns,andEleanorFischer