STM Abstracts
A Compilation of STM Journal’s Abstracts April 2011
Scientific
Technical
Medical
STM JOURNALS Scientific
Technical
Medical
INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONIC JOURNALS
STM JOURNALS
A cost effective access to the quality research findings
STM JOURNALS INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONIC JOURNALS STM Journals (Scientific, Technical and Medical) Domains
STM Journals is an ambitious initiative of the Consortium e-Learning Network Private Ltd., (CELNET), Noida, INDIA. CELNET with its improved infrastructure and with rich experience of successful publication of 'NanoTrends: A Journal of Nanotechnology and Its Applications' since year 2006, (Covered by Indian Science Abstracts(ISA), NISCAIR, CSIR, India the Chemical Abstracts Services(CAS), American Chemical Society(ACS), USA) now embarks upon the well sought after area of STM Journals. Salient Features: •
STM Journals has a bouquet of 40 Journals that fall under STM (Science, Technical & Medical) domains.
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Employs Open Journal Systems (OJS)- a journal management and publishing system.
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It is meant to facilitate a cost effective access to the quality research findings in the Scientific, Technical and Medical Domains through the publication of online quality scholarly journals.
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Publishes peer-reviewed research/ review papers & popular articles.
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It helps in improving and upgrading your e-library facilities that essentially need to be maintained by the institutions affiliated with the AICTE & UGC.
No institution (special reference to S & T) is complete without an adequate library and no library is complete without subscriptions to relevant journals (major source of nascent/ primary information) Editorial Board: •
Managed by a highly acclaimed board of directiors
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It has representation of experts i. from Indian institutions of excellence viz. IISc, IIT, CSIR, National Laboratories and other reputed research centres on one hand, and ii. a number of well known academicians/ professionals from similar institutions from countries such as Canada, Malyasia, Turkey, SA and UAE etc. on the other.
Director of STM is among the 14 esteemed members of ‘Vision Group on Nanotechnology’ of The Government of India (as per GOVERNMENT ORDER No. DST 156 STS 2007, Bangalore.)
List of STM Journals Category A: Science and interdisciplinary science 1. Current Trends in Signal Processing 2. Journal of Carbon Credits 3. Journal of Control & Instrumentation 4. Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics 5. Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS 6. Journal of Production Research & Management 7. OmniScience : A Multi-disciplinary Journal
Category B: Technology including Engineering domains 1. Current Trends in Information & Technology 2.
Current Trends in Systems and Control Engineering
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Journal of Aerospace Engineering & Technology
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Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies
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Journal of Communication Engineering & System
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Journal of Computer Technology & Applications
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Journal of Construction Engineering, Technology & Management
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Journal of Electronic Design Technology
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Journal of Instrumentation Technology & Innovations
10. Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering 11. Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology 12. Journal of NanoScience, Nanoengineering & Applications 13. Journal of Nuclear Engineering & Technology 14. Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology 15. Journal of Power Electronics & Power Systems 16. Journal of VLSI Design Tools & Technology
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T Technical
17. Recent Trends in Civil Engineering & Technology 18. Trends in Electrical Engineering 19. Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology 20. Trends in Opto-electro & Optical Communication
Category C: Medical and allied areas 1. Journal of Nursing Science & Practice 2. Research & Reviews : A Journal of Biotechnology 3. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry 4. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions 5. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Immunology 6. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Life Sciences 7. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Medicine 8. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology & Virology 9. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 10. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Neuroscience 11. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology
M Medical
Š STM Journals 2011. All rights reserved.
Contents Contents April 2011
Abstract Compilation
! Journal of Computer Technology & Applications 1
! Journal of Electronic Design Technology 3
! Journal of Power Electronics & Power Systems 4
! Journal of Production Research & Management 5
! Research & Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry 7
! Research & Reviews: A Journal of Medicine 9
! Research & Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology 11
! Journal of Control & Instrumentation 12
! Research & Reviews: A Journal of Health Professions 13
Š STM Journals 2011. All rights reserved.
Omni Science: A Multi-disciplinary Journal Online ISSN 2231-0398
Scope
The
Omniscience attempts to bring-out primarily, rich research and review papers embodying the concepts that fall under the scope of the definition of omniscience i.e. ‘Being Universal in Nature’ ‘Knowing Everything’ ‘Unlimited Knowledge’. The Journal seeks to encompass the well sought- after domains of ‘Science and Spirituality’. The Journal also covers related allied domains viz. ‘Metaphysics’, ‘Philosophy’ and Theology’ etc. Subject to the contents’ treatment that touches the studies/ concepts of ‘Science’ one way or other. It is expected that authors submitting articles/papers on any of these topics will support their propositions using citations from authoritative texts such as the Vedas, the Bible, the Holy Qur’an or supporting texts. Writings by authorities on the subjects such as Swami Vivekananda, Einstein or Freud may also be included with appropriate references. Those who believe in a bond /relationship between ‘Science’ per se and ‘Religion/ Spirituality’ and find a need to study the two domains harmoniously in combination can also contribute.
Holean Education – The Paradigm for Thee Priyavrat Thareja
If the mantra of the ‘Total Human Evolution’ (THE) paradigms through Education, then it must have been implemented as ‘Holean’. Thareja, (2010) explores ‘Holean’ as medium of a worthy education which is simultaneously whole, holy and Lean. This calls for attributes which together contribute towards Total Competence Development (TCD) of a person, no short of being holistic and holy. The relevance of Godliness and goodness in education has been reiterated by various philosophers for rendering a total effectiveness. This is synergistic with being holy. Together with freedom and creativity the growth factors will proliferate only when the education is lean. The paradigm of a wholly built up learning through Lean principles is knit around the core thinking of freedom, aesthetics, and a learning environment. A few institutions/ countries have already implemented each of these independently for commendable results. However for implementing them in a holy way, difficulties have been experienced. But when the people are oriented with lean thinking, the implementation will be improved. This work revolves around the paradigm of a successful development of ‘the total human development through education.
Indian Scriptures - Treasures against Time Tabir Mishra
Indians are gifted with an immense treasure in the form of the Scriptures. However, the prevalent mind-set extols the value of Western thought as opposed to the Indian viewpoint. The origin of this mind-set lies in pre-British India, when a concerted effort was made by the British to completely demolish the greatness of Indian thought embodied in the form of its education system. This paper attempts to demonstrate the intellectual beauty personified in the form of the Tusli Ramayana (popularly known as the “Ramcharitmanasa”) by demonstrating the depth of a single verse of the scripture.
Trusting on the Soft Global Platform– A Functional Imperative Mannu Thareja
From ancient times, when simplicity prevailed at isolated civilizations, to date, when the world has become a global village, social complexities have correspondingly increased, in sympathy of size. As interspersed people are no longer in physical contact, Quality of their social interactions is also impacted. Should one continue to trust others as in past, vis-à-vis this enlarged social platform (which euphorically uses internet technologies in a world-wide networking by wire), is a big imperative haunting the intelligentsia today. This is an evaluative study of ‘trust’ posed by 54 respondents in the soft global networks within World Wide Web (WWW). The survey instrument was a questionnaire designed in excel sheet, and circulated by stratified e-mails, chosen from 5 networks of different kinds and dimensions, further allowing dispersal by snowball sampling. The design of questionnaire was based upon Taguchi’s Design of Experiments, on three factors, at 3 to 5 levels, for which responses were sought at 5 levels. The results depicted a mixed people perspective on trust factor averaging 2.48 on a likert scale of 1 to 5. 1
Journal of Aerospace Engineering & Technology Online ISSN 2231- 038X
Scope The focus and the scope of journal includes: design, construction and science of aircraft and spacecraft. It includes two major and overlapping branches of Aeronautical Engineering and Astronautical Engineering which encompasses: Aeroacoustics, Avionics and Systems, Aeroelasticity Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Dynamics and Control Flight Simulation and Mechanics, Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Propulsion and Combustion, Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs). All contributions to the journal are rigorously refereed and are selected on the basis of quality and originality of the work. The journal publishes the most significant new research and review work in all areas pertaining to its scope and research being done in the world, thus ensuring its scientific priority and significance.
Buckling and Vibration of Plates by Hyperbolic Shear Deformation Theory Ghugal and Meghraj D. Pawar
Hyperbolic shear deformation theory is used to determine the natural frequencies and buckling loads of elastic plates. The theory takes account of transverse shear effects and hyperbolic cosine distribution of the transverse shear strains through the thickness of the plate, hence it does not require shear correction factor. Governing equations are derived from the principle of virtual work. The closed-form solution of a simply supported plate subjected to in-plane loading has been obtained. Numerical results obtained by the present theory are compared with those of classical plate theory, first-order shear deformable theory, higher order theories and the exact theory available in the literature. The results obtained by present theory are in excellent agreement with the exact results and other higher order theories. Thus the credibility of the present refined theory is validated.
High Speed Dispenser System Using VLSI Devices for EW Applications Air Vice Marshal (Retd) N. D. Sharma & Prof. (Dr.) G. P. Govil
In present war scenario, Electronic Warfare plays a vital role. With advancement in the missile technology, the present day missiles having enhanced speed, performance and maneuverability. In order to tackle these advanced missiles the existing Electronic Counter Measures (ECM) are also needed to be upgraded. EW dispenser system is being used to dispensing IR Flare, Chaff and Electro-Optic (EO) material. However the present day dispenser systems suffer from the drawback of high firing interval and capacity of carrying and fire either Flare or Chaff or EO. This paper discusses the high speed dispenser system using automation tools and VLSI devices by which these dispensers can dispense at high speed and have simultaneous firing.
The Study of Burning Characteristics of AP/HTPB/AL Basic Components of a Composite Propellant Amir Aziz and Wan Khairuddin Wan Ali
Starting the research on a solid propellant would be very much easier if the burning characteristic of a simple propellant is known. A simple propellant is a propellant made of three basic components namely oxidizer, fuel and binder without any additive substance to alter its characteristics. Unfortunately, a very limited number of references were published discussing the burning characteristics of simple propellant. This paper describes the burning characteristics of basic formulations of Ammonium perchlorate based propellant. Thirteen sets of propellant formulations have been selected and manually prepared without adding any additives. The simple propellant consists of Ammonium Perchlorate (AP) as an oxidizer, Aluminum (Al) as fuel and Hydroxy-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) as fuel and binder. For each mixture, HTPB binder was fixed at 15% and cured with Isophorone isocyanate (IPDI). By varying AP and Al, the effect of oxidizer- fuel (O/F) ratio on the whole propellant can be determined. The propellant strands were manufactured using press-moulding method and burnt in strand burner at ambient pressure to obtain the initial burning characteristics. Then, four propellant compositions namely p60, p66, p74 and p80 were selected for further evaluation over a range of pressures from 1atm to 31atm. The results show that the increasing of O/F ratio and combustion pressure lead to increase in burning rate. The highest burning rate achieved is 12mmsec-1at combustion pressure of 31atm for propellant p80 which has O/F ratio of 4.0. 2
Journal of Alternate Energy Sources & Technologies Online ISSN 2230 –7982
Scope Journal of Alternate Energy Sources and Technologies seeks to promote and disseminate knowledge of the various topics and technologies of Renewable Energy/Green Energy/Clean Energy, and therefore aims at assisting researchers, world agencies and societies to keep abreast of new developments in their specialist field and to unite in finding alternative energy solutions to replace fuel sources without the undesired consequences of the replaced fuels. The scope of the journal covers the following new concepts for Alternative Energy: Wind Energy Technology, Biogas Digestion, Biomass Conversion, Photovoltaic Technology Conversion, Solar Thermal Applications, Solar and Low Energy Architecture, Climatology and Meteorology (Geothermal, Wave and Tide, Ocean Thermal Energies, Mini Hydro Power and Hydrogen Production Technology),Socio-economic and Energy Management, Helioculture and also the Ecologically friendly alternatives which are under research and or production.
Investigations on Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil as Diesel Fuel Substitute Jagannath Hirkude, Atul S. Padalkar and Jisa Randeer
The waste cooking oil (WCO) as alternative fuel for diesel engines is the aim of this investigation. The high viscosity and poor volatility are the major limitations of waste cooking oil for their utilization in diesel engine. The most convenient method to use waste cooking oil as fuel is to convert it into biodiesel through transesterfication. The properties of waste cooking oil methyl ester such as viscosity, specific gravity, calorific value and flash point temperature were determined and compared with mineral diesel. This paper presents the results of investigations carried out on a brand new (Laxmi Industries, India made), single-cylinder, four-stroke, direct-injection, diesel engine operated with biodiesel of waste cooking oil blended with mineral diesel. Performance parameters like brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature have been discussed. Present study is also carried out to investigate emission characteristics (particulate matter, SOx, NOx, CO2, and CO) of blended biodiesel with mineral diesel in different composition. The performance parameters for different WCO biodiesel blends were found to be very close to diesel and the emission characteristics of engine improved significantly. It is possible to save 21606 by running the engine on B50 mode (Daily 6 hour’s operation for 300 days).The experimental results proved that use of biodiesel (produced from waste cooking oil) is viable option to diesel in diesel engine.
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Journal of Computer Technology & Applications Online ISSN 2229–6964
Scope The focus and the scope of journal includes: Computer Science, Computer Engineering, Computer Technology, Cryptology, Information Theory, Artificial Intelligence, Data Structures, Information Systems Applications, Software Engineering and Theory of Computation. All contributions to the journal are rigorously refereed and are selected on the basis of quality and originality of the work. The journal publishes the most significant new research and review work in all areas pertaining to its scope and research being done in the world, thus ensuring its scientific priority and significance.
! Nonlinear Channel Equalizer Using Discrete Gabor Transform Gunamani Jena
The adaptive equalizer makes use of adaptive digital filters whose filter coefficients are modified depending on the channel characteristics at the front end of the receiver. The noise introduced in the channel gets nullified and hence the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiver improves. Discrete Gabor Transform (DGT) helps decorrelate input data because of which the convergence speed of the Mean Square Error (MSE) improves considerably. It is found that the time domain LMS equalizer is slow in convergence. To improve the convergence rate and MSE floor level transform domain-using DFT, DGT and DWT (2, 5, 6 and 7) has been studied. It is found that all the orthogonal transforms perform similar in convergence rate and MSE level. This paper aims at the evaluation of channel performance using Gabor transform, which is both frequency and time domain transform. The nonlinear channel equalizer using Discrete Gabor Transform is reported in this paper. Though Gabor Transform is a nonlinear transform as well as non orthogonal transform it is expected to be better fitted for nonlinear channel. Gabor transform based adaptive equalizer, though has a longer training time, has been found to have better noise recovery property and Lower MSE level, especially when the additive noise in the channel is large.
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Journal of Electronic Design Technology Online ISSN 2229 – 6980
Scope ( JoEDT ) is an international e-Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Electronic design technologies. The focus and the scope of journal includes: Tools for designing and producing Electronic Systems ranging from Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) to Integrated Circuits also ECAD (Electronic Computer-Aided Design) and CAD. All contributions to the journal are rigorously refereed and are selected on the basis of quality and originality of the work.
Virtual Fabrication and Analog Performance of Sub-40nm Bulk MOSFET Using TCAD TOOL S Intekhab Amin, M S Alam
Virtual Fabrication of sub-40nm Bulk MOSFET is carried out under channel engineering and source drain engineering process. These structures enable more aggressive device scaling in nano-scale region because of their ability to control short channel effects. However during scaling the junction depth should also be scaled down, which increases parasitic resistance so silicidation technique has been applied to reduce their effects on device. Analog performance has been measured in terms of gm, gds, Av, fT and fmax. The simulation result predict that gm is 3.75ms for engineered MOSFET as compared to non-engineered MOSFET with gm of 2.9ms for similar gate length, similarly Av for engineered device is 17.5db and for non-engineered device is 6.96db, fT is 146GHz and for non-engineered fT is 65GHz, fmax is 299GHz for engineered device and for non-engineered device fmax is 170GHz and a comparison of an engineered device is done with a non engineered device to investigate the improved performance of an engineered device as compared to a non engineered device. Silvaco TCAD Tool is used for Virtual fabrication and simulation. ATHENA process simulator is used for virtual fabrication and ATLAS device simulator is used for device characterization.
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Journal of Modern Chemistry & Chemical Technology Online ISSN 2229–6999
Scope JoMCCT is an international web based Journal focused towards the publication of current research work carried out under Chemistry, modern chemistry and Chemical Engineering and chemical Technology. The focus and the scope of journal includes: Modern aspects of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering that deals with Applied Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Structural Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Nuclear Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
Consumption of Carbon from Environment by Ralstonia eutropha via Chemolithoautotrophic Metabolic Pathway Siddhartha Acharya
Ralstonia eutropha can grow autotrophically and are capable of consuming carbon from the environmental carbon dioxide via chemolithoautotrophic metabolic pathway. The optimum growth of the organisms was obtained at 300C, pH 6.5 and 7 days. 93% of carbon consumption was obtained after 192 hours at 300C.
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Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS Online ISSN 2230 – 7990
Scope JoRSG is an international journal which contains good quality- original research papers, review papers, short communications and book reviews that focus on practical and theoretical issues, collection, analysis, modeling, interpretation and display of spatial data, connections between GIS and related technologies and also new GIS applications which help to solve current issues & problems. The journal largely caters to the following areas: Aerial Photography, Cartography/Map Publishing, GIS, Gioinformatics, Geo Physics, GPS, Image Compression, Image Processing, Remote Sensing, Spatial Science, Surveying and Mapping.
Synergistic Fusion of Hyperspectral and High Resolution Image for Improving Performance and Reliability of Automatically Extracted Urban Features Poonam S. Tiwari
Image fusion is a generic word referring to several techniques of digital image processing which are used to integrate data from different spatial and spectral resolutions in order to obtain higher-quality synthetic images. This paper emphasizes the assessment and systematic analysis of image fusion techniques by measuring the quantity of enhanced information in fused images. EO1-Hyperion and IKONOS (MSS+PAN) have been fused using Principal component analysis, Gram-Schmidt Transformation(GST) and High Pass Filtering(HPF) algorithms. The photo interpretive potential and their statistical ability to preserve the spectral quality of fused data, in comparison with original Hyperspectral image, have been investigated. A set of measures of effectiveness such as Correlation Coefficient, Mean, Median, Standard Deviation, and RMSE are used for comparative performance analysis and then best of fusion algorithms has been used for the purpose of automatic extraction of various urban features. This paper also explores the utility of object-oriented method to extract various urban features from the best fused high resolution data. The results were evaluated through comparison to manually acquired data. Several quality measures (Completeness, Correctness, and Quality etc.) were used for evaluating the accuracy of extraction. The results indicate that the fusion of Hyperspectral data with high spatial resolution data has an edge over multispectral dataset in terms of automatic extraction based on roof and road material.
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Journal of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering Scope JoMME is an International e-Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering. The focus and the scope of journal includes: Research and Reviews on the areas pertaining to structure of Materials at Atomic or Molecular Scales and their Macroscopic Properties, Fundamental Properties and Characteristics of Materials, Physical and Chemical behavior of Metallic Elements, their Intermetallic Compounds and their Mixtures.
Al-Mmc Foam: Synthesis and Characterisation Joyjeet Ghose, Vinay Sharma, Surender Kumar
Aluminium alloy composite foams are produced in the laboratory using TiH2-CaCO3 dual foaming agents. The density of the developed material varied along various cross sections. There exists a more pronounced variation in density along the direction of foaming. Compressive and tensile tests are performed on Aluminium Metal Matrix composite (Al-MMC) specimens of different relative density. The compressive stress-strain response of the material establishes their engineering utility in terms of their industrial applications. Based on the compressive stress-strain response, it is found that the material is suitable for applications such as lightweight panel and impact energy absorption. Investigations into acoustic absorption characterization revealed that the developed Al-MMC foam have excellent sound absorption properties and is comparable with other good sound absorbing materials. Good sound absorption property coupled with better mechanical properties makes this material ideal for sound absorption under difficult situations.
A Review of the Bionic Surfaces for Engineering Applications Sandeep Harish Deshmukh, Chandrashekhar L. Gogte
The word ‘Bionics’ refers to copying Nature, or taking ideas from Nature. As the field is increasingly influencing the emerging subjects of science and engineering, it has innumerable applications in fields such as robotics, product design, automobile components and biomaterials. This paper emphasizes the development of bionic surfaces for various engineering applications. It gives the relevance of bionic surfaces mimicked from insects/animals. It also presents a critical review of the work of researchers over the last decade to improve the wear resistance of the surfaces on the principle of bionics, as wear is the major contributor in material and energy consumption. The focus, at the outset is to review the objective, methodology, the technology covered, and the outcome of the past research work. Then the efforts are made to identify the areas for further investigation of the principles of bionic wear resistant non smooth surfaces in the engineering and agricultural applications.
Minor Scandium- Zirconium Impacts on Aluminum-6 Magnesium Cast Alloys Priyavrat Thareja, Malay Banerjee
Minor additions of Scandium and Zirconium alloy can not only improve strength and fracture toughness of the Al–6 Mg alloys, but also transform the age hardening characteristics for structural applications. If this impact were substantial, the enriched Al–6 Mg castings could be a potent material for futuristic transport sector, looking to higher specific strength and abundant availability in Indian/ global scenario. This work reports the effect of Scandium and Zirconium minor addition on the texture and fracture toughness behavior of Aluminium-6 Magnesium alloy, containing various amount of trace addition. Texture measurement and transmission electron microscopy have revealed that the evolution of texture in cast alloys after annealing is decided by the morphology and character of the precipitates. It is further demonstrated that the improvement in fracture toughness as achieved by the minor addition in Al-6Mg-0.4Sc alloy is due to reduction of the in-plane anisotropy which is secured by a favorable precipitate morphology. 8
Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology Online ISSN 2231- 1785
Scope JoPET is an International e-Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Petroleum Engineering & Petroleum Technology. The focus and the scope of journal includes: Production of Hydrocarbons, Either Crude Oil or Natural Gas and the upstream sector of the Oil and Gas Industry, ways and processes for maximizing economic recovery of Hydrocarbons from Subsurface Reservoirs, Estimation of the Recoverable volume using a detailed understanding of the physical behavior of Oil, Water and Gas within porous rock at very high pressure.
An Overview of the Performance of Eco-friendly Polymers for Improving Oil Recovery from Existing Oil Fields Virender Parkash Sharma, Baishali Sengupta
The demand for fossil fuels especially crude oil as well as its price is increasing day by day and have led to the search for newer methods and techniques for oil extraction worldwide and these are collectively known as enhanced oil recovery methods. This paper reviews the present status of the different types of organic and inorganic cross-linked polymers used by the Oil Industry for increasing the oil production. The paper deals with the progress made in different fields of Enhanced Oil Recovery. The present study indicates the suitability, merits as well as disadvantages of a particular cross-linker with reference to the reservoir characteristics of different oil fields where the polymer can be successfully used. Formation of Reaction Bubbles in FCC Riser Reactor Vineet Kumar, A. Sai Krishna Reddy
For modeling FCC unit, art of defining undefined Hydrocarbon mixtures in conjunction with application of two different specialized fields of Chemical Engineering–Chemical Reaction Engineering(CRE) and Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) are required. CRE needs elaborate and appropriate definition of undefined mixture and their chemical kinetics, whereas CFD needs solution of more rigorous differential equations to define fluctuating and turbulent flow. Most of the reported works in available literature seems to be strong in only one field. To bridge this gap, in the present work a commercially available CFD simulation package with k-epsilon turbulence model is used to solve a more rigorous and realistic definition of cracking kinetics. The results obtained revealed that in the emulsion phase of fluidized bed, a new “reaction bubble” phase exist. Bubbles of non uniform reaction zones are formed inside emulsion phase where mass distribution of catalyst is fairly uniform.
Call For Papers
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Last Date for LastOnline Date Submission for Online Submission 31th May st May 312011 2011
Request to all the Researchers for submitting papers in International e‐Journal
Journal of Petroleum Engineering & Technology OISSN 2231- 1785
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Journal of Nano Science, Nano Engineering & Applications Online ISSN 2231 -1777
Scope JoNSNEA is an International e- Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology. The journal publishes contributions in the form of research and review articles. It caters to the following and other allied domains including: Synthesis and fabrication of Zero, One, Two & Three Dimensional Nanostructures such as Nanoparticles, Quantum Dots and Nanowires using various principles and techniques.Characterization and studying the properties of various Nanostructures/Nanomaterials/Bionanomaterials under Electronic Microscopes and various spectrometers. Analyzing and calculating the size of the particles at Nanoscale using set of procedures and methods. Studying the applications of Nanostructures/Nanom aterials/bionanomaterials in various fields of science & technology.
Fabrication and Characterization of Copper Nanowires: An Overview Hardev Singh Virk
Copper(Cu) is one of the most important metals in modern electronic technology. Keeping in view its role in Nanoelectronics, we have fabricated copper nanowires of diameters 100 and 200 nm using Anodic Alumina and Polymer Membranes as templates. Template-based growth of Copper Nanowires has been realized using conventional electro deposition technique in an Electrochemical cell designed in our laboratory. Fabrication of Copper Nanowires is one of the most important thrust areas of Nanotechnology because of their potential use in the Micro/Nanoelectronics industry and in particular for interconnection in electronic circuits. Many methods have been developed for the fabrication of Copper Nanowires but template synthesis is considered to be the most suitable and useful for growth of Nanowires. Electrochemical deposition route is easy, low-cost as well as less cumbersome compared to other fabrication techniques, namely, pulsed laser deposition(PLD), Vapour-Liquid-Solid(VLS) method and Chemical Vapour Deposition(CVD). Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) is used to calculate the aspect ratio of nanowires. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope(FESEM) images and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis(EDX) reveal morphology and chemical composition of fabricated nanowires. The morphology of Nanowires shows some interesting features.X-Ray Diffraction(XRD) spectrum reveals crystalline nature of Cu Nanowires with crystallite size of 1.12 nm. During our experiments, we observed that when we failed to Fabricate Nanowires in Polymer Templates, what we got was some exotic patterns of metallic Copper in the shape of Copper buds and flowers on the Cathode surface. There is as yet no specific theory to explain exotic patterns developed during electrodeposition of Copper in Anodic Alumina or Polymer Templates. It is speculated that overdeposition of Copper results in formation of exotic patterns.
Mycosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Investigation of their Antimicrobial Activity Krishnendu Acharya, Dipankar Chattopadhyay, Srimanta Patra, Joy Sarkar, Saswati Saha
The silver Nanoparticles were formed in contact with the cell free filtrate of Alternaria alternata. The Nanoparticles were characterized by means of UV-V is Spectrophotometer, Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering(DLS), Energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy(FTIR). The synthesized Silver Nanoparticles showed an absorbance maximum at 420 nm in the visible range.Transmission electron microgram and particle size distribution curve showed the formation of silver Nanoparticles in the range of 35 to 90 nm. The EDX spectrum and the XRD pattern also confirmed the presence of silver in the Nanoparticles. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) confirmed the presence of a protein shell outside the silver Nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activity of silver Nanoparticles was investigated against a number of pathogenic bacteria and the result suggests that silver Nanoparticles can be used as effective growth inhibitors in various Microorganisms. 10
Trends in Opto-Electro & Optical Communications Online ISSN 2231- 0401
Scope TOEOC is an International e- Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Opto Electro & Optical Communication. Advances in the state of the art of Optical Communications and Networks. The scope of the journal: Enabling Technologies & Applications in Optical Networks, Architecture & Design of Fiber-based Optical Networks, Including Free Space and Hybrid Optical Networks and implementation of the "Optical Internet", Survivability, Reliability & Security of Optical Networks, Techniques & Algorithms for Wavelength Routing and Assignment, Traffic Grooming and Determination of regeneration requirements, Transparency & Optical Networks, Signaling & Information Models for Network Control & Management, Architecture, Protocols & Algorithms for Dynamic Optical Networks, Operations support systems for Optical Networks, Performance Modeling, Economic Modeling & Simulations of Optical Networks, Network applications of advanced Optoelectronic Circuits including Optical Signal Processing etc.
Past, Present and Future of Passive Optical Net work Md. Shamim Ahsan
Demand for faster and cheaper access network has been rising due to the rapid growth of Internet with new generation of services and applications. Optical fiber has been envisioned for delivering broadband services for more than 30 years and becomes almost essential recently. To address the present and future bandwidth demand, broadband fiber access technologies such as Passive Optical Networks(PONs) are a potential solution. Mostly, Time Division Multiplexing(TDM) based PON is deployed all over the world. Researchers have been investigating some nextgeneration PON systems to mitigate the future bandwidth demand. In this paper, we review the history of PONs, examine their current status, and finally investigate the probable future PONs. We also review the key enabling features for future PONs and smooth migration process from the current status to the future technologies.
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Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology Online ISSN 2231- 1793
Scope TMET is an International e- Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Mechanical Engineering and Technology. The focus and scope of this journal: *It brings out theoretical and practical research findings, deals with problems of modern technology (power and process engineering, structural and machine design, production engineering mechanism and materials, etc.). *Activities namely the design, construction, operation, environmental protection etc. in the field of mechanical engineering and other related branches also come under the scope of this journal.
Simulation of Cold Die Compaction Alumina Powder Mohammed Jasim Kadhim
Compaction process was analyzed mathematically by predicting a steady-state mathematical model in order to give more description and understanding for the mechanism of this process. Numerical investigation has been carried out on axisymmetric cylindrical parts using the finite difference method with relaxation technique to examine the physical significance of constitutive model to produce the pressure gradients during compaction. The pressure distribution model is then typically coupled with empirical functions relating pressure and density to obtain a green density distribution at all nodes in the green compacts. The model has addressed the influence of frictional forces acting at the powder and die walls interfaces which dissipate the applied pressure throughout the compact. The effect of the compact geometry has a similar effect on the uniformity of green pressure and density distributions through the compact. It was found that a small aspect ratio resulted in a more uniform distribution than a higher aspect ratio. Therefore, the model seems to work better for the lower aspect ratio. The constitutive model predicts accurately the pressure and density distributions during compaction process. Thermodynamic Simulation of Performance of Atkinson Cycle with Variation of Cycle Peak Temperature & Specific Heat Ratio of Working Fluid Mohd Nadeem Khan
Thermodynamic Analysis of an ideal air-standard Atkinson cycle with variable specific heat is presented in this paper. The paper outlines the effect of specific heat of working fluid and peak temperature of the cycle on the performance of the cycle efficiency and work output. It showed significant effect on the performance of the cycle over the constant specific heat model. The results obtained from this work can be helpful in the thermodynamic Modeling and in the evaluation of real Atkinson engines over other engines.
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Last Last Date Date for for Online Online Submission Submission 31st May 30th May 2011 2011
Call For Papers Request to all the Researchers for submitting papers in International e‐Journal
Trends in Mechanical Engineering & Technology Online ISSN 2231- 1793
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Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics Online ISSN 2230 – 9845
Scope JoEAM is an International e-Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Experimental & Applied Mechanics. The focus and the scope of journal includes: Examining the Response of Bodies (Solids and Fluids) or Systems of Bodies to External Forces, its usage in various fields of Engineering, e.g. Mechanical Engineering and also covers formulation of new ideas, Theories, Discovery, Interpreting Phenomena and Developing Experimental and Computational Tools.
Flexure and vibration of thick beams using trigonometric shear deformation theory Yuwaraj Marotrao Ghugal
A Trigonometric Shear Deformation Theory is used for Flexural Analysis of thick beams, taking into account transverse shear deformation effect. The theory accounts for cosine distribution of transverse shear strain through the thickness of the beam. The governing differential equations and boundary conditions are obtained by using the principle of virtual work. The general solutions for the transverse displacement and rotation are presented for transversely loaded beams. The solutions for static flexure are given for beams with fixed end and subjected to uniformly distributed load and concentrated load. The solutions obtained address the accurate flexural behavior of Shear Deformable Beams. It has been shown that the theory is capable of predicting the local effects due to concentrated load and fixity of support. The results of displacements and stresses obtained from static flexure of cantilever and fixed beams and results of free vibration frequencies for simply supported beam are presented and discussed critically with those of other theories. The results are found to agree well with the exact elasticity results wherever applicable. It is observed that the present theory yields the exact shear coefficient(p2/12) from the free vibration analysis of the simply supported beam.
Vibration of Visco-Elastic Parallelogram Plate with Linearly Thickness Variations in Both Directions Arun Kumar Gupta, Anuj Kumar, Yogesh Kumar Gupta
An analysis for free transverse vibrations of visco-elastic parallelogram plate whose thickness varies linearly in both directions is presented. Using the separation of variables method and Rayleigh-Ritz technique with a two-term deflection function, the governing differential equation has been solve for vibration of visco-elastic parallelogram plate. For the visco-elastic case, the basic elastic and viscous elements are combined. The Kelvin model for viscoelasticity that is a combination of the elastic and viscous elements in parallel is taken. Here the elastic element means the spring and the viscous element means the dashpot. Time period and deflection function at different point for the first two modes of vibration for various values of taper constant, aspect ratio & skew angle are obtained and shown in tabular form. Submit Online Last Date
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Last Date for Online Online for Submission Submission 31st May 30th April 2011 2011
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Journal of Experimental & Applied Mechanics Online ISSN 2230 – 9845
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Research & Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry Online ISSN 2230 – 8008
Scope RRJoD is an International e-Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research articles, review articles, case reports, and clinical studies in all areas of Dentistry and provides latest contributions on Dental, Oral and Craniofacial Research. The scope of the Journal covers the following topics: Management of Dental Disease, Long-Term Clinical Trials, Dental Biomaterials Science, Evaluation of Dental Equipment, New Experimental Techniques, Epidemiology and Oral Health, Restorative Dentistry Periodontology, Endodontology, Operative Dentistry, Prosthodontics, Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics.
An Update on the Virulence Factors of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans- A Systematic Review Shikha Kler, Rajvir Malik
Over the last 20 years, research on Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans(Aa) a periodontopathogen, has provided a tremendous amount of information as a major anaerobic, opportunistic pathogen. Elucidation of the virulence in Aa is especially difficult because of this bacterium’s pathogenicity being multifaceted, including both microbial and host factors and the inability to clearly define the disease state of many forms of destructive periodontal disease. The objectives of this study were to review the virulence factors of Aa considering the unique features of Aa when compared with other gram-negative bacteria and explicate the general aspects of the virulence factors of Aa and their mechanism in particular. A comprehensive search strategy of electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the U.K. National Research Register and Conference Proceedings Citation Index) using key words was performed. In addition, hand searches were made for several dental, microbiological and immunity journals not cataloged in the databases, and the reference lists from published articles were checked. It was concluded that virulence factors of Aa allows it to make contact with host tissues and cells, which are potentially important in the incidence of periodontal diseases.
Surface Structure of Hydroxyl Apatite from Fluorosis Enamel Abdillah Imron Nasution
Fluorosis is a condition due to ingestion of excessive amounts of Fluor that can cause the change in teeth structure and strength. Currently poor explanation was available to describe the surface structure of Crystal Hydroxyl Apatite that contributes to influence the macro characteristic of Fluorosis Enamel. The objective of this research is to describe the surface structure of Crystal Hydroxyl Apatite(HA) in Fluorosis Enamel. Scanning Electron Microscopy/ Energy Disperse X-Ray(SEM/ EDX) confirmed Fluor concentration were higher in Fluorosis Enamel and the surface increasingly roughness and porous. SEM/ EDX also confirmed gaps areas between enamel rods and visible non prismatic zone in some regions. Furthermore, research highlighted high level Fluor concentration on Fluorosis Enamel indicates the substitution of OH- by F- increasing the surface roughness of enamel surface. Gaps areas between enamel rods and visible non-prismatic zone in enamel generate the enamel into the irregular pattern, roughness and porous. Fluor as most electronegative element influences the macro characteristic of Fluorosis Enamel and contributes to decreasing the stability of enamel strength. Submit Online Last Date Last Date for Request to all the Researchers for submitting papers in for Online Online
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Submission Submission 30th April 31st May 2011 2011
International e‐Journal
Research & Reviews: A Journal of Dentistry Online ISSN 2230 – 8008
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Journal of Control & Instrumentation Online ISSN 2229 – 6972
Scope JoCI is an International web based Journal focused towards the publication of current research work carried out under controlling and Instrumentation. This journal covers all major fields of applications in Control and Instrumentation. Its coverage includes novel R & D, Education and Industrial Applications. It facilitates a platform for the International Measurement and Control R & D community. In particular attempts to include: Advanced Manufacturing Systems, Adaptive Control and Advanced Computing for Measurement, Artificial Intelligence and Applications, Control and Automation Robotics, Dynamic Simulation, Management Systems, Man/Machine Interface and Human Factors, Systems and Control Theory, Sensors and Signal Processing, Standards etc.
Modeling and Implementation of LabVIEW based Non-Linear PI Controller for a Conical Tank Satheesh Kumar
The control of liquid level in tank is a basic problem in process industries. The conical tank level process is considered to be a non-linear process. The control of conical tank is presenting a challenging problem due to its nonlinearity. The modeling aspect of conical tank is discussed in this paper. The piecewise response of the system is studied and the gain and time constants for the different regions were tabulated. A structure of wiener based nonlinear controller is developed using LabVIEW and it is implemented in real time. The response of the wiener based nonlinear controller is compared with the classical PI controller.
RFID Based Prototype Development of Immobilizer for Two Wheeler Vehicle Security Sandeep Kumar, Asutosh Sevak, Abhishek Shukla, Shashank Pujari
An immobilizer is an electronic device fitted to an automobile which prevents the engine from running unless the vehicle has the proper access to it. The main use of this system is to protect the vehicle from being stealth as it deactivates the engine. The immobilizer security system is mainly seen in four wheeler vehicles. The same idea can be implemented for 2 wheeler vehicles which are in huge number in countries like India and Japan, as the vehicles are being stolen very frequently. Early models of immobilizer used a static code in the ignition key itself in place of a remote RFID tag, which was recognized by an RFID loop around the lock barrel and checked against the vehicle's Engine Control Unit(ECU) for a match. If the code is unrecognized, the ECU will not allow fuel to flow and ignition to take place. When the ECU determines that the coded key is valid then the ECU activates the fuel-injection sequence. The aim of this paper is to develop a prototype for immobilizing the vehicle with the help of RFID. The tag should be in the pocket of the vehicle owner, when the tag comes into the EMF field which is surrounded around the bike. The ID present in the tag has to be read by the reader and compare the id present in the controller. If the ID gets matched then the ignition will turn on or else not. The owner will be having only one ID. In any case if some other tries to start the bike by using other tag having different ID it will not work and the bike will not get started. This unique feature of the prototype adds more security for two wheeler vehicles.
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Last Date for Last Date Online for Online Submission Submission 31st May 2011 30th April 2011
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Journal of Control & Instrumentation Online ISSN 2229 – 6972
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Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Online ISSN 2229 – 7006
Scope RRJoPS is an International e-Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Pharmaceutical Sciences. The focus and the scope of journal includes group of interdisciplinary areas of study involved with the design, action, delivery, disposition, and use of drugs and also from areas of the basic and Applied Sciences, such as Chemistry (Organic, Inorganic, Physical, Biochemical And Analytical), Biology(Anatomy And Physiology, Biochemistry, Cell Biology, And Molecular Biology), Epidemiology, Statistics, Chemometrics, Mathematics, Physics and Chemical Engineering and applies their principles to the study of Drugs.
A Developed and Validated Densitometric HPTLC method for Quantitative Analysis of Cefdinir Mitesh Phale
A Sensitive and Accurate High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Method has been developed and validated. Chromatographic separation was performed on silica gel F254 HPTLC plates, prewashed with methanol using methanol:Toluene (9.5: 0.5 v/v), as solvent system. The plates were scanned densitometrically, with a Deuterium lamp at 286 nm. The method was validated in accordance with the requirements of the ICH guidelines. The response to Cefdinir concentration was linear in the concentration range of 7.5 - 22.5 µg/ml. Intraday and interday precision was less than 0.16 and 2.05 % respectively with an overall accuracy of 99.07-100.80 %. Thus the proposed method is simple, sensitive, precise and accurate, further finding its wide application in quantitative analysis of Cefdinir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms.
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Research & Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology & Virology Online ISSN 2230 – 9853
Scope RRJoMV is an International e-Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Microbiology and Virology, covering the major and broad areas specially Unicellular or Cell-Cluster Microscopic Organism which includes Eukaryotes such as Fungi and Protists, and Prokaryotes. The journal deals and accepts contributions covering Physiology, Genetics, Cellular Microbiology, Environmental and Industrial Microbiology and various aspects of Virology including clinical and animal.
Copper Sulphate Enhanced Synthesis of Azurin from Pseudomonas Aeruginosa MTCC 2453 Sankar Ramachandran, Mahitosh Mandal
The secondary metabolites from microorganisms play a vital role in developing new chemotherapeutics. Azurin a blue copper protein have redox properties plays a role in electron transfer as donors. Azurin reported as a potential anticancer protein against breast cancer cell lines which evoked biomedical researchers to develop an alternate method for enhanced production of Azurin. Early researchers revealed the synthesis of blue copper protein Azurin from different microbial sources, especially from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) this study is concerned about the Azurin synthesis from P. aeruginosa MTCC 2453 with evident homogeneity by modified methods. The growth of P. aeruginosa strains 2453 for the synthesis of Azurin were monitored for enhanced Azurin production. The purity of the enhanced Azurin synthesis was evaluated by MALDI and SDS- PAGE. The synthesis of Azurin was enhanced by adding copper sulphate (5µg/ml) and KNO3 (0.02 µg/ml) in to the media under facultative anaerobic condition. A 250 g dry cell paste of ps. aeruginosa yields 3.95 mg/g of Azurin. High yield was reported in P. aeruginosa 2453 strain than other strains.
Production and Quality Control of Entomopathogenic Fungal Pathogens – A Review Francis Borgio
This review summarizes the various types of culture media and substrates used for the mass production of Entomopathogenic Fungal Pathogens and commercial-scale production of some economically important Entomopathogenic Fungi. Various aspects of Entomopathogenic fungi such as growth, downstream processing of the conidial powder, post harvest storage and tests to check the quality of the products are reviewed. Among the Microbial Pesticides, Fungal Pesticides are now preferred as they are target specific, ecofriendly, lacking in toxic residue and are economical. There is a rising commercial demand for insecticides based on Entomopathogenic Fungal Pathogens since they could be mass-produced cheaply with considerable shelf life and are easy to store and apply. The method of culture will largely depend on the fungal species and the type of propagules. Reports published on relevant research from various countries regarding this topic have been covered. It is hoped that this review will help to understand the basics of production technology and quality control of Entomopathogenic Fungal Pathogens in microbial control.
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Last Date for Last Date forOnline Online Submission Submission 31st May 30th April 2011 2011
Request to all the Researchers for submitting papers in International e‐Journal
Research & Reviews: A Journal of Microbiology & Virology Online ISSN 2230 – 9853
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Research & Reviews: A Journal of Biotechnology Scope RRJoBT is an International web based Journal focused towards the publication of current research work carried out under Biotechnology. The journal publishes contributions in form of research and review articles. It caters to the following and other allied domains including, *Research findings on naturally occurring organisms for their employment as chemotherapeutic agents. * Biopharmaceutical, Biomedical and Food Industries and the applications of Microbes. * New Biotechnological Applications of food stuff and Man -made synthetic materials and Plant and Animal matter as their substitutes.
Chemotaxis: Role in Egg-Sperm Interaction and Its Evaluation Ramasare Prasad Yadav, Manish Rana
Communication between spermatozoa and egg before contact by chemotaxis is prevalent throughout the animal kingdom. In most animal species, the prospects of the spermatozoa coming in contact with eggs are very slim in the absence of some guidance mechanism usually chemical in nature that has been acquired gradually. Such chemical guidance, sperm chemotaxis, is now recognized in many marine invertebrates, fish, amphibians, and a few mammals including humans. This suggests that sperm chemotaxis is a general guidance mechanism, irrespective of whether the fertilization is external, like in most marine species, or whether it is internal, as in mammals. In spite of this generality, there are some basic differences between sperm chemotaxis of mammals and that of marine invertebrates, the most pronounced one being the fractional chemotactic response in the former; namely, the restriction of the chemotactic response to a subpopulation of the spermatozoa. Unlike spermatozoa of marine species, spermatozoa of mammals must undergo a process of maturation, termed capacitation, for acquiring the ability to bind to the egg and penetrate it. At any given time, the percentage of capacitated spermatozoa is small due to both the limited time for which spermatozoa remain in this stage and the continuous replacement of capacitated cells in the sperm population. Since the role of sperm chemotaxis is to bring to the egg spermatozoa that are capable of fertilizing it, therefore, unlike in marine invertebrates where most, if not all, the spermatozoa appear to be chemotactically responsive, in mammals only the small fraction of capacitated spermatozoa are chemotactic. Because of the massive chemotactic response in marine invertebrates and its much earlier discovery, most of our limited knowledge about the molecular mechanism of sperm chemotaxis is in these species. The present paper and attempts have been made to compile the various known aspects of chemotaxis in egg-sperm interaction of non-mammals and mammalians and assays methods for evaluation of chemo-attractants. This will be useful for the researcher, students and others who interested in understanding of chemotaxis and its role in egg-sperm interaction.
L-glutaminase of Vibrio sp. from White-Spot Virus Disease Out-Broken Shrimp Pond Jeya Prakash, Poorani Eswaramoorthi, Anantharaman Raman
Bacteria from White Spot Viral(WSV) disease out-broken shrimp (Penaeus monodon) pond sediments located in the bank of Vellar estuary, South east coast of India were enumerated, enriched, screened by plate assay and confirmed as Vibrio sp. through biochemical tests. Extracellular L-glutaminase was eluted from Vibrio sp. by centrifugation and purified by downstream process. The final yield was 1.7% with 15.4 IU mg-1 of specific activities, which was 17.2 fold purified. The eluted L-glutaminase was found as heterodimer (28,267 kDa and 17,391 kDa) due to the symbiotic relationship between Vibrio sp. and WSV. 18
Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacology Online ISSN 2230 – 9861
Scope
RRJoP is an International online Journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Pharmacology. The journal accepts contribution which covers the study of the interactions that occur between a Living Organism and Exogenous Chemicals that alter normal Biochemical Function, Drug Composition and Properties, Interactions, Toxicology, Therapy and Medical Applications and Antipathogenic Capabilities and how drugs interact within biological systems to affect function, study of drugs, body's reaction to drugs, sources of drugs, their nature, and their properties.
Phytochemical Constituents of Some Plants Used by the Tribals of Dakshin Dinajpur District for Medicinal Purposes Hariswami Das, Usha Chakraborty
Various Phytochemical constituents including alkaloids, phenols and ascorbic acids were assessed and compared in the four medicinal plants of different families. Four plants used locally for different medicinal purposes were selected for a comparison of their Phytochemical constituents. The plants investigated were Clerodendrum viscosum, Moringa oleifera, Cinnamomum tamala and Scoparia dulcis. All these plants were found to contain the active principles including Alkaloids, Tannin, Saponin, Terpenoid, Flavonoid, Cardic Glycoside. Steroid was present in C. viscosum, C.tamala and M. oleifera but absent in S. dulcis. The assay for the quantitative determination of Phenols and Ascorbic Acids revealed that C. tamala contained the highest amount of phenol and ascorbic acids where as C. viscosum contained the least amount.
Protease Activated Receptor-2 as an Imperative Target in Nociceptive Responses: A Minireview Nilesh Mahajan
PARs (Protease Activated Receptors) are a family of seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor for proteases from circulation, inflammatory cells and endothelial tissues. To date, four members of PAR family have been cloned, namely PAR1 to PAR4. This minireview focuses on role of PAR2 receptor in inflammatory and nociceptive processes. Numerous studies documented for activation of PAR2 receptors through several proteases suggests its role in pain and inflammation. However, mechanism of PAR2 underlying its downregulation is poorly understood. Several screening tools for study of receptor mechanism with agonist and antagonist have been developed. Moreover, study with knockout and transgenic mice so far contributed in this regard suggests possibility of PAR2 selective antagonist as a useful drug for the treatment of pain and inflammatory disorders. Submit Online Last Date for Last Date Online Request to all the Researchers for submitting papers in for Online International e‐Journal Submission Research & Reviews: A Journal of Submission st May 31 Pharmacology Online ISSN 2230 – 9861 2011 30th April 2011 www.stmjournals.com
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NanoTrends: A Journal of ‘Nanotechnology & Its Applications is an online bimonthly (once in two months) publication. The online issues are compiled six-monthly (once in six months) in hard copy form. It is a first of its kind, peer-reviewed scholarly scientific journal. It mainly publishes original research and review papers in the domains of Nanoscience & Nano Technology.
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Invites research, review and popular articles NanoTrends attract scholarly contributions that fall under the broad tag of Nanoscale Science and Technology. The coverage in general encompasses synthesis, characterization, studying properties, processing, fabrication and applications of the nanomaterials in the fields of electronics, medicine, healthcare, energy, biotechnology and environmental studies.
Specific domains encompass: Characterization techniques of Nanomaterials, Coupling of Properties at the Nanoscale, Films, Membranes & Coatings, Nanoceramics, Metals & Alloys, Nanocomposites, Nanoparticles, Nanocrystals, Colloids, Sols, Nanoporous materials, Nanotubes, Nanowires, Nanofibers, Nanorods & Nanobelts, Properties effected by Nanoscale Dimensions, Selfassemblies and directed assemblies etc.
Domains of Nanomaterials engineering & applications encompass: Biomedical, Medicinal, Cosmetics & Drug development, Catalysis, Gas/ Liquid Separations & Membrane reactors, Chemical, Petrochemical & Pharmaceutical, Conversion of Energy & Storage Devices/ Systems namely Fuel Cells & Solar Cells, Electrical, Electronics, Photonics & Magnetics, Telecommunications & Computational Studies, Food, Textile, Environmental, Construction, Transportation Nanomachines, Machine tools, Automobiles, Nano patterning etc. Information on every area of interests to the contributors is provided at one place under the head “Author’s Corner”. One can reach to this corner by following the route, Publications-> Nanotrends Journal-> Author’s Corner in our website www.nstc.in or clicking the link http://www.nstc.in/journal/default.aspx. Online manuscript submission may be done by following simple and self explanatory steps in the link’ http://www.nstc.in/Journal/SubmitArticle.aspx, Full manuscript must be sent to the Nano Trends through email nanotrends@nstc.in Our contact details: Publication Management Team ‘NanoTrends’ Nano Science and Technology Consortium A-105, IIIrd Floor, Sector-63, Noida - 201 301 (U.P.), INDIA Tel: 0120-4781209, 4781210 E-mail: nanotrends@nstc.in Website: www.nstc.in/journal
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