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Digital Design - Module 02 Semester 1, 2019 Alana Brown

915496 Sean Guy Studio 13

Critical Reading: Kolerevic B. 2003. Architecture in the Digital Age

Kolerevic described three fundamental types of fabrication techniques in the reading. Outline the three techniques and discuss the potential of Computer Numeric Controlled fabrication with parametric modelling. (150 words max)

Throughout the reading Kolerevic describes three fundamental techniques used in digital fabrication. Firstly, the author discusses subtractive fabrication where volumes are removed from a solid material. For example, laser cutting. Secondly, Kolerevic details additive fabrication where a digital solid is reduced to two-dimensional physical layers then built up incrementally to create to the three-dimensional mass. For instance, 3D printing. Finally, formative fabrication is discussed as a method where using CNC machinery to manipulate and reshape a martial into a desired form. CNC fabrication unlocks potential within parametric modelling allowing for numerous iterations produced more efficiently and cost effective. CNC fabrication permits more complex forms as the machinery is able to read directly from the digital mode of fabrication. This in turn makes the workflow between digital and physical more direct, limiting the quantity of people required for construction, lowering the cost and producing a more accurate result. CNC fabrication also allows for mass customisation for no added expense.

SURFACE AND WAFFLE STRUCTURE Surface Creation

At the beginning of this process a 150mm cube was generated in grasshopper. From this cube, four altering points were selected in which two curves were produced, and finally, from the curve a surface was then generated. As a result of the construction of this code the four points where made adjustable, therefore making iterations a smooth process.

Iterative Surface 1

Iterative Surface 2

Iterative Surface 3

SURFACE AND WAFFLE STRUCTURE Surface Creation

Through the parametric nature of grasshopper, I was able to generate varying surfaces. During this relatively intuitive process I found I was drawn to the more warped surfaces. This led to the challenge of producing a developable surface whilst not compromising the dramatic effect of the curvature. I believe the chosen surfaces accomplish this endeavour.

Iterative Surface 4, Chosen Surface

Isometric View

The final panelised surface is comprised of a rolling, highly warped pattered which undulated between two-dimensional and three-dimensional forms. Within these forms I was interested in creating a likeness that transcends the dimensionality. I produced a composition where the forms blended into one another in a gradation from two- dimensional to three- dimensional along the diagonal axes. I was also attracted to the control of lighting on the imposed space. This was accomplished through apertures innkeeping with the forms.

As a result of the two surfaces, which can be referred to as skins a waffle structure was produced. The endeavour of this structure was to produce something that was stable and could hold the panels. The challenge through crating the waffle was maintaining the form without comprising the dynamism from the extreme warping. Overall this shift from structure and skin produces one functioning design.

SURFACE AND WAFFLE STRUCTURE Laser Cutting

Through the process of unwrapping my panels I ran into some difficulty as a result of the warped nature of my design. The unrolled panels were overlapping. I therefore had to split my single geometries into smaller developable pieces, making it harder for construction, but again not compromising the warped shape. I also encountered some difficulties within the process of laser cutting the waffle. As it was my first time using the machine the z fins had cut lines through each corner. I then had to re print my waffle structure as a result.

Lofts

1.1

1.2 {120,30,150} {90,0,150}

{150,90,150}

1.3 {0,90,150,}

{120,150,150}

{150,30,150}

Key

1.4

{150,150,150}

{0,30,150}

{60,150,150}

{150,30,150}

{120,10,130} {120,130,150}

{150,0,120}

{150,90,150}

{150,150,150}

{120,10,130}

{150,0,90} {0,150,0}

{120,120,0}

{0,150,0}

{0,20,2}

{30,0,0}

{0,150,0}

{0,120,0}

{0,150,0}

{0,0,0}

{150,0,0}

{0,0,0}

{120,20,2}

{150,0,0}

Paneling Grid & Attractor Point

{Index Selection}

2.1

2.2

2.3

{Index Selection}

2.4 {0,30,150}

{165,168,172}

{150,90,150}

{165,-5,133}

{85,29,0} {-3,30,0} {250,190,-50}

Paneling

{Attractor Point Location}

{Index Selection}

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

Attractor / Control Points (X,Y,Z) Attractor / Control Curves Grid Points

{150,0,120}

{150,0,0}

{0,0,0}

SURFACE AND WAFFLE STRUCTURE Matrix and Possibilities

Throughout the process I explored a variety of different surfaces, attractor points, and panels. Firstly, I used simple triangles to see the effects of surface and attractor points on the final product. I then incorporated two dimensional panels and how the two forms could merge. This idea was further explored in my next iteration in which a more complex form was adapted and merged. My final iteration demonstrates an entwinning of two-dimensional to three-dimensional.

SURFACE AND WAFFLE STRUCTURE Photography of Model

The final model is comprised on a dramatic warp that ripples across the panelised surface. The warp retained its integrity throughout the process of construction; however, it was difficult to attach the panels at the end as a result of the structures curvature. The panels where broken up into smaller pieces and therefore took longer to assemble with more care.

SOLID AND VOID

Visual Scripting of Parametric Model

The process similarly began by generating a 150mm cube in grasshopper. The faces of this cube where then separated into multiple point grids and reproduced to produce a three-dimensional grid. At the interception of this grid cebtrids were placed and manipulated by an attractor point to produce abstract distribution of points amongst the panelling grid. A geometry from rhino was then inserted and altered through an attractor point in reference to size.

use â&#x20AC;&#x153;_viewcapturetofileâ&#x20AC;? comments in Rhino3D to capture a high resolution screen, showing one iteration of result from your visual script.

SOLID AND VOID Surface Creation

use â&#x20AC;&#x153;_viewcapturetofileâ&#x20AC;? comments in Rhino3D to capture a high resolution screen, showing one iteration of result from your visual script.

Once the scrip was baking into rhino the _BoleanDifference command was used to create an interesting geometry. From these geometries a smaller 5mm cube was abstracted using _BoleanIntersection command. A variety of spaces and attractor points were explored to produce these geometries seen in the matric on the follow page.

Grid Manipulation

1.1

1.2

1.3

{-2250,1110,450}

{538,-1050,680}

1.4

{Attractor Point Location}

Surface Transformation

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

Surface Boolean

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

Task B Matrix A variety of attractor points were experimented with to produce interesting end results. In regards to the geometries I began my iterations with a simple sphere so I could begin to understand the process. I then used the â&#x20AC;&#x153;lunchboxâ&#x20AC;? tool in grasshopper and explored the prims. The resulted in some interesting end geometry. I then made my own forms in rhino. This end result for this attempt was too complex, and did not create the shapes I was looking for. I then simplified my geometry and produced my final iteration.

Key {0,0,0}

{-397,-1420,0}

{Attractor Point Location}

{538,-1050,680}

{Attractor Point Location}

Attractor / Control Points (X,Y,Z)

SOLID AND VOID Matrix and Possibilities

My chosen geometry interested me as from a rather simple shape such interesting geometries where created. I was intrigued by the convex and concave circular form, and how they seemed the penetrate and inform the canopy level.

SOLID AND VOID

Photography of Model

The process of three-dimensional printing was a learning curve. My initial attempt was a rather rudimentary shape that did not require any support. The next shape, however did. This iteration was mostly successful, however a few smaller pieces did fall off due to their thinness. The proceeding geometry was unsuccessful, as the initial shapes where to complex and too much of the shape was removed causing it to snap. My final iteration plays on circular forms, and the extrusion and intrusion of the forms to crate an interesting geometry.

Appendix

Process

I initially struggled creating the waffle structure as it kept falling apart once almost at completion. I then used tape to keep the formation in place

Appendix Process

Appendix

Process

To the left is my makerbot 3d printing file. I used the digital design print settings and the time was calculated to take 7hr 2mins. As detailed in yellow, support was needed for my forms.