Turn The Page #60 Preview

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COVERSTORY Second-hand Market Mania INTERVIEW Robots & Mankind with Johan Hoorn

60 | April 2017

CONTENTS

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EDITORIAL

Study association i.d

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B.A.B.E.

DE STIJL

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2 2

C O V E R S T O RY

INTERVIEW

JOHAN HOORN SECOND-HAND MARKET MANIA

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DESIGN E V E RY W H E R E

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E B RE

N O I LL 2 8

CHALLENGE

I N N O VAT E YOURSELF 2

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CONTENTS

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INTERVIEW

DORP SICCO SANTEMA

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3 3

VERSUS

THONET VERSUS EAMES

6000 INDUSTRIAL DESIGNERS 4 6

T H E S T O RY BEHIND

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INSPIRING

DESIGNERS OF THE FUTURE

FORD M U S TA N G

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TU DELFT’S 175 A N N I V E R S A RY

TH

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THE INTERNET O F E V E RY T H I N G

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O N E T O WAT C H

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EDITORIAL

Eva Oosterlaken Chairwoman

Casper van Alfen Treasurer

Fay de Grefte Publicity

Joost Tielken Acquisition

Sita de Kruijf Editor in chief

Nils Westhoff Qualitate Qua

Abe Minnema Layout

Renske de Jong Secretary

EDITORIAL Happy birthday Turn The Page! You may have guessed it from our cover: Turn The Page is celebrating its 60th edition.

Not only Turn The Page is celebrating; we noticed many other anniversaries all around us. The TU Delft celebrates its 175th birthday this year (page 38), ‘De Stijl’ its centennial (page 20) and IDE its 6000th graduate (page 45).

From all these anniversaries, our theme for the 60th edition evolved: time. In this issue, we will look back on defining moments in design history, but we will also look into the future. Read how to make design timeless from historic greats like Charles and Ray Eames and Michael Thonet (page 33), but also check out how the design world is

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changing in ‘Designers of the Future’ (page 36). Our coverstory ‘Second-hand Market Mania’ explores our current obsession with reinvigorating the past. Thrift shopping, record players and vintage clothing are all in fashion, but what is the economical and environmental impact of all this second hand madness?

am already so proud of their hard work on the many wonderful articles and inspiring layouts in this edition.

Please join us on this journey on time; I hope you will enjoy it as much as we did!

Eva Oosterlaken Chairwoman

On a more personal note, I would like to introduce myself as the new chairwoman of the committee. Although I have been in the committee before (exactly two years ago), I am super excited to continue on this Turn The Page journey. In the past few weeks I noticed how the Turn The Page has evolved over the years, but also witnessed the amount of growth in the committee itself. I

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B.A.B.E.

BOOKS APPS BLOGS EVENTS

by Fay de Grefte

Unventions Throughout centuries, people have made things, expecting them to be used in the way they were supposed to. Cleon Daniel makes you abruptly aware of the creativity of people when it comes to products.

Unventions is a book published in 2011 containing all sorts of ‘misperceptions’ on how things are used.

These childlike re-embodiments release the daily familiarity of products and launch them into a new, epic role. With 108 pages filled with drawings and loose words, Daniel makes you laugh until you pee your pants. When the smirk on your face fades away, you realise that the book is trying to tell you that design has always been and will always be only as important as people conceive it to be.

The Pencil Transporter

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Forest

The way an app helps you to stay away from your phone seems like a contradiction and honestly, like utter bullcrap, but it is here and it is working. With 45.000 people already using it, we had to put it to the test. Forest is an application on your phone that allows you to grow trees as long as you do not use your phone. This is a simple but genius way of rewarding people when they have to focus, making them proud of themselves having a high score instead of just being proud that they did not get distracted. It is the little push every student needs and, no, there are no mothers involved. So go ahead and download this useless, yet so satisfyingly helpful app. Success guaranteed!

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B.A.B.E.

The Rookies The Rookies is an international student competition for young creatives to show their skills, make connections within the industry and to win prizes or scholarships. It is about helping young artists realise that there is a path of life and making career, that does not involve suits and fancy cars. You can be truly inspired by the stories of other people and their achievements. The Rookies is about having the courage to show your work to the world. Are you ready? Submissions close on 29 May 2017.

Design as Future-making As creators, we think about what people might want or need in the future. By creating substantial matter for a theoretical state of being, you define that state as true. If you make and sell flying cars, it is by definition an era where you can fly your car. So when you think about it, designers create the future they want to live in. Susan Yelavich and Barbara Adams understand that design is an ally of the future and address its focus on newness as well as its deep political meaning. When you read Design as Future-making you travel through creative and critical reflection, examining the expanding nature of practice in fields such as biomedicine, sustainability, digital crafting, fashion, architecture, urbanism, and design activism. This book makes you believe in your ability to change the world for the better.

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Abstract If you have not seen it, you have been living in a cave. Abstract - the art of design is a Netflix Original that has just released its first season. A series of mindopening and eye-pleasing documentaries on the most prominent creative minds in design and architecture; Abstract can be inspiration to all of us. So next time you think about skipping a lecture or watching TV instead of reading that book, use this series as an excuse. From shoe to stage design, from Danish buildings to the New York magazine, every big name out there tells their story in only 40 minutes. Ralph Gilles, Es Devlin, Tinker Hatfield and Bjarke Ingels are featured in one phenomenal series that will guarantee an inspiring first season and blow your mind.

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B.A.B.E.

Creativeapplications.net It is the home of HOLO, a periodical (or book-like 226 page magazine) about the interesting trends that arise when design meets art, science and technology.

Being tempted to order the latest edition is already a reason to visit creativeapplications.net. And as you might expect from a mature multimedia channel, the blog on its own is also a bucket full of inspiration.

Read this: ‘Lift – A luminous petal filament that ebbs and flows’, or this: ‘Particle Flow - a physical

installation comprised of granules driven by gravity and topography forming an analogue particle system’. Who can resist the incredible article on filament sculptures about a designer who controlled the waste and errors of a 3D printer to turn the results into art and jewellery? After enjoying a certain amount of articles you have to register and pay one cup of coffee a month. I know, coffee is important, but this will be at least equally inspiring. Make coffee and time before typing creativeapplications.net.

We messed up...

The Pro Carton Young Designers Award In our last issue we congratulated Anne Bekker on winning third place in the Purmundus Challenge.

Although she does work on the development of 3D-printing, she did not make the bike. The ArcBike was designed by a group of students: Harry Anderson, Stef de Groot, Joost Vreeken, Ainoa Areso and Sjoerd van de Velde. They worked with MX3D: Tim Geurtjens, Filippo Gilardi, Jakob Schmidt, Simon Rudolph en Gijs van der Velden. Our apologies for this misunderstanding!

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Packaging is just waste: a myth. The Pro Carton Young Designers Award is one of Europe’s leading student competitions for packaging design. It includes two categories, Creative Cartonboard Packaging and Creative Cartonboard Ideas, and is open for work made exclusively of cartonboard. The main prize is a one-week practical training at an international packaging company. So start working on your project because you have until the 25 May 2017. Furthermore, all finalists and their lecturers will be invited to the Gala Awards dinner and award ceremony on 21 September 2017 in Salzburg – the city of Mozart! www.procarton.com

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COVERSTORY

Second-Hand market

Mania

Five years ago, a hype came into this world: ‘thrift shopping’.

The man who seemed to be responsible for this was the rapper Macklemore. With his Grammy Award winning song ‘Thrift Shop’, he made second-hand shopping cool again. ‘Vintage’ became a popular subject in the world of fashion and design. The big hype created by Macklemore has had its glory days. However, few seem to be aware the huge impact of the second-hand market on our daily lives. That is why it seemed like a fair moment to let people realise the cause of this popularity and what influence it has on the economy, environment and our design strategies.

by Casper van Alfen | Illustrations by Charlotte van Alfen

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ho or when the second-hand market exactly started, is still unknown. What we do know, is that it is a European concept. The first known places where used goods were sold, were the big outdoor bazaars in France, which have been around for hundreds of years. According to an organisation that runs one of these places today, an unknown bargain hunter around 1880 was the first to give a name to these second-hand markets. He looked upon all the old rags and worn-out furniture and came up with ‘Le marché aux puces’, literally translated: ‘The market of fleas’.

This is because the rumour went, that the

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old items were filled with bugs. Apparently, people did not mind the little bloodsuckers and saw the potential of buying and selling used goods. Nowadays, the worldwide second-hand market is worth over 650 billion American dollars, with online marketplace Ebay as its showpiece.

When you are more old-school, you can always sell your useless stuff at our famous Kingsday.

Cause of popularity The average person becomes really excited when he can save or earn some money.

That is exactly what the second-hand market does. Research shows that people

only use 60% of all the products in their homes. That means that a lot of goods that are in fine condition, can easily be sold and make someone else happy. This virtuous circle of people being excited to buy and sell, has the second-hand market running better than ever. The downside is that you do not have the certainty that your purchase fulfills your expectations. That is why buying brand-new is still more popular.

There is a second psychological part that causes the popularity of the second-hand market. People from all ages tend to like everything they can remember from the past. This phenomenon is called ‘the reminiscence bump’. From an age of 18 until 27, your memory works best and captures most of your positive experiences.

All the interests and skills you create in that time, carve you into the person you are today. When finding something that reminds you of the past, you immediately reflect on the experiences that shaped you as a human being. That is why strolling around the second-hand marketplace and searching for old stuff gives us a pleasant, nostalgic feeling. The quote “just like old times” is not popular for nothing. 1

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COVERSTORY

COVERSTORY

Economic impact When looking into the newspapers, we read about about all kinds of economies making bigger and bigger revenues every year. Hardly do we read about the impact of the second-hand market on our economy, which is strange because it is much bigger than we think. On the other hand, it seems understandable because it is hard to keep track on every transaction done in this market. The biggest part of second-hand products is sold by individuals, which makes it hard to keep track of a database with the traded items, like big retail shops have. Yet, with a share of 650 billion US dollars, it is one of the biggest and fastest growing trade markets in the world. Especially in the automotive and electronics trade, companies see their opportunity to earn their living- and that has its reasons. For every 100 brand-new cars, 120 second-hand cars are sold and this number is growing. That is not the only market growing rapidly. With the rising quality of smartphones, this second-hand market is growing 4-5% faster than the new smartphone business.

With the introduction of refurbishing companies, the position of the secondhand economy is stabilising more and more. Back in the days, it was tricky to buy a second-hand mobile phone or washing machine. With some bad luck, it looked great on the outside but was full of electronic defects on the inside. It had no warranty, so it was a worthless spend of money. Nowadays, licensed businesses buy up large quantities of products that cannot be sold because of small defects. They check them, fix them and deliver a perfectly working device with warranty to the customer. This does not only make people happy, but our economy as well. All the companies operating in the second-hand market (think of car sales or thrift stores) create millions of jobs worldwide... And this number gets bigger. They also make sure the money is spent on goods that stay in our country. Fewer products are imported, so less money will leave our country, which makes our own economy even stronger.

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Environmental impact Most people buy and sell second-hand stuff because of the financial aspect, but an even more important and interesting side of the story is completely forgotten. Without knowing, the second-hand market makes the biggest recycle mechanism on earth.

Like already told, an average of 40% of all products in a household are not used, even though they are mostly in a perfect state.

By not throwing it away but selling it, you give a completely new life to a product that used to be useless. That is not only good for the environment and your wallet, but it also creates a different system of supply and demand.

It is simple: if people buy more clothing from thrift shops, they automatically need less brand new clothes from a big store like H&M. The demand in the clothing industry goes down, which results in the fact that they will manufacture less. Recycling and reuse of products and materials have significant potential to increase material efficiency and reduce environmental impacts. This phenomenon is called ‘dematerialisation’ of the economy. That is exactly what we need in our extremely materialistic lifestyle.

Of course, clothing is just a simple example. Cars or cellphones have a much bigger impact on the environment. Studies show that 70% of all cell phones could be reused, but only 14-17% actually gets a second life. This results in almost 140 million phones being trashed yearly. Apart from all the man hours and perfectly fine technology put into the device, precious metals are used in the processor. This makes every phone a small portable safe filled with gold and silver. From every one million cell phones you could yield 50 pounds of palladium, 70 pounds of gold and 750 pounds of silver. This equals a sum of a sloppy 2.5 million dollars that becomes waste. It is no surprise that phones are extremely expensive these days. Fortunately, some companies see a potential in these valuable mobile phones.

They buy large amounts of phones with

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COVERSTORY

defects and start refurbishing them. A new life is given. Nowadays, at almost every mobile provider, you can choose a cheaper, refurbished iPhone instead of a new one and still have a two-year guarantee.

The ‘Second-Hand’ style Especially in the clothing market, the influence of style and looks of second-hand vintage were appreciated. We all know the colourful ‘hipsterish’ blouse that your grandfather could have worn in the ‘60s or the Guns ‘n Roses-fan shirt your father could have worn in the ‘80s. This clothing started a vintage movement and ultimately typified the hipster look. Not only a lot of thrift shops but also the big players in the clothing retail saw their opportunity. They used the vintage inspired style in their collections, which became a big success.

That way popular brand like Brandy Melville and American Apparel were established.

Design for second-hand market In our discipline, sustainability is becoming one of the most important features in a design process. Most products we use nowadays have a relatively large CO2 footprint and this needs a drastic change.

Ironically, most products are also designed to have a certain lifecycle and to break at some point. Of course, this is economically smart to keep the consuming flow going and to make more money, but it is also outdated. As a designer, we can help to make this lifecycle longer and give a product a second life. A perfect example is the Fairphone (see our article about the Fairphone). This phone is completely cradle-to-cradle and gives people the opportunity to fix their own phone when it is necessary. That is the problem with most e-waste; it is hardly possible to fix without spending a lot of money on it. When it comes to sustainability, how a product ends its life is often as important as how it lives.

We need to stop thinking only about the assembly part, but also think about the disassembly.

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Design for

dissassembly The fewer parts you use, the fewer parts there are to take apart.

As with parts, the fewer fasteners you use, the better.

Common and similar fasteners that require only a few standard tools will help to simplify and speed disassembly.

Screws are faster to unfasten than nuts and bolts.

Glues should be avoided.

Building disassembly instructions into the product will help users understand how to take it apart.

Design for

recycling Choose materials that are recycled easily.

Minimize the number of materials used. When possible, use one.

‘Design for disassembly’ will lead to a longer lifecycle, but no matter how clever we are, the product will die one day.

That is where a new responsibility will come in; ‘Design for recycling’. Every material that cannot be broken down by our natural system, must be given back to our industrial system. Designers can use different techniques to give these materials a new life. See them in the figure on the right.

Actually, the second-hand market is a very interesting and exciting economy. It earns money and gives us the opportunity to find that car or the expensive shoes you have been looking for half the price. The other, maybe even more important aspect seems a little underexposed to most people. In a time where we have to be careful with the scarce materials in our world, we do the complete opposite. Where most products could get a second life, they are thrown away or stay unused in our basement.

Producing less would be the perfect way to solve this problem, but with a growing population and growing consumerism, this basically seems impossible. A much more achievable solution is recycling and since the second-hand market is one of the easiest ways to do this, we have to take advantage while we still can. The only problem: most of our products are not designed for a second life. We as future designers can and must change this!

Avoid paints and adhesives. Use inherent colours.

Avoid combinations of materials that are hard to separate.

Make hazardous or toxic materials quick and easy to remove.

Create easy take-back programmes to ensure proper disposal of complicated products.

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Study association i.d

Honourary Member Activity To show our appreciation for our honorary members, the 44th board of Study association i.d took them out to De Kookfabriek in Rotterdam, where we cooked dinner for ourselves under close watch of professional chefs. We have also welcomed our newest honorary member Em. Prof. Bruno Ninaber. It was great to be inspired by and learn from their experience in the field of Industrial Design.

Valentine’s Kafee On 15 February, the decorations in i.dKafee were dedicated to the day of love, Valentine’s day! As we live in the 21st century, Actid decided to go with the times and jump aboard the online dating hype train. You could get a photo in a real life Tinder frame and drink special love potions (secretly they were regular cocktails).

Although we do not have the statistics, we are sure that lots of people found love on this romantic evening…

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Study association i.d

ski.d Back in February, over 60 i.d-Members joined ski.d to Les Orres to enjoy a week with lots of snow and sun. The group was a nice mix of skiers and snowboarders, with different ages and skill levels. We have seen new friendships blossom during the trip and we love seeing the group return to i.d-Kafee. We had lots of fun and fortunately, almost everyone came back without injuries. We are already looking for new people to organise ski.d next year, so put your name on one of the interest lists!

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Study association i.d

Kafeest 2 On the first day of March, Study association i.d organised the second Kafeest of the year. i.d-Kafee was filled up quickly with IDE students, their friends and roomies who escaped from their lecture halls. Countless beers and shots were traded behind the backs of the wardens.

As the evening progressed, the inmates started rebelling more and more. They were dancing until the cell blocks were closed and they were released back into the world.

Freshmen trip The Freshmen committee organised a trip to the new VanBerlo office at the former airport building Ypenburg. There they were introduced to the company and were put to work, solving some interesting design problems with each other. It was an inspirational and educational activity joined by 30 freshmen.

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Study association i.d

IDE Business Fair After months of preparations, the IDE Business Fair was finally there. Companies like KLM, Quooker and JAM visual thinking were all there to get students acquainted with their brands. For the students it was a great opportunity to network with the companies or even get themselves an internship or a job. Besides the business fair itself, people had the opportunity to join inspirational talks, participate in one of the workshops or get more personal by arranging a speeddate. Both days were closed with networking drinks on the floor. Interested in organising the IDE Business Fair next year? Put your name on the interest list or sign up online.

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Study association i.d

Band & DJ Contest As a promotional activity and a means to give IDE students an opportunity to show their skills at IO Festival, the committee organised a Bands & DJ Contest. This year we had two bands playing on stage: Delluf and 20L. As well as three DJs: Jorge Pronto, Henni & Abi and Supernova. The contest took place at i.d-Kafee and the atmosphere was amazing. Visitors could vote for their favourite act with their plastic cups. We enjoyed all the performances but unfortunately only one band and one DJ can win. We would like to congratulate the Band 20L and the DJs from Supernova with their victory.

SIDeR 2017 On the first weekend of April, Study association i.d organised SIDeR at IDE, a conference for students to present their paper on interaction design. Students from Sweden, Germany and Delft got together to listen to each other’s presentations. We have seen presentations about practical applications for smart materials, wearable products as well as services to influence people to recycle their waste better. A vast range of research topics was presented, all focussing on interaction.

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Study association i.d

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MAY 3rd

i.d-Kafee Open Air

MAY 10th

Summercue

MAY 11th

Presentation Moment 6

MAY 15th

Cases on Tour 2

JUN 2nd

IO Festival

i.d-Kafee will be hosting an open air stage to enjoy the nice weather with matching music.

After a short hiatus, Summercue will return on May 10th. What did you want to be when you were listening to K3 on your MP3?

At Presentation Moment 6, the Lustrum, ski.d, Freshmen Weekend committees and Board 45 will present themselves to the world!

Cases on Tour 2 the rescue will not only be visiting Akzo Nobel and RTL NL in Holland, they will also be visiting Barco in Belgium!

On June 2nd we will dive deep to surround ourselves with stunning acts and music at IO Festival: Under the Surface.

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If time travel is possible, where are the tourists of the future?