A relative relief map of Suffolk

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A RELATIVE RELIEF MAP OF SUFFOLK ROSEMARY H O P P I T T

Various writers (Trist, 1971; Scarfe, 1972; Martin, 1988) have in the recent past divided the County of Suffolk into homogeneous regions, the characteristics of which are based largely on the combined effect of relief, geology, soils, history and land-use. From these our concepts of the Sandlings, the Brecklands, the Fielding and High Suffolk have become well-established in our understanding of the County's character, and it is to these regions that we turn when attempting to account for the distribution of data - economic, botanical, historical or whatever. However, one aspect of the County's topography not taken into account in the definition of these regions is the Relative Relief. This is a term used by geographers and is defined as a measure of the amplitude of available relief within a given area. Put very simply it describes how flat or sloping the land is over a given area. It is the purpose of this paper to present a Relative Relief map of the County of Suffolk (Fig. 1) which will provide, for those wishing to make use of it, a basic set of data giving Relative Relief measurements for each of the kilometre grid squares of the Ordnance Survey. The original purpose of constructing the map illustrated here was to provide a measure by which the distribution of certain features of the historical landscape (medieval deer parks, ancient woodland, greens and commons) could be examined in relation to the flatness of the high clayland areas of the County (Hoppitt, forthcoming). Construction of the Map Two main techniques exist for the measurement of Relative Relief. Firstly that concerned with plotting difference in height over a given area, and secondly that concerned with plotting the average angle of slope over a given area. The calculation of slope angles is extremely time-consuming and this method was shelved in favour of one whereby the difference between the highest and lowest point within the squares of a grid is measured and recorded. The grid used here is that of the Ordnance Survey. Measurements were recorded from the OS 1:25000 maps. For each grid Square the highest and lowest point was established. These two heights were then recorded. The difference between the two heights was calculated, and the resulting measurements - over 3,500 of them - plotted onto the grid. The readings were then converted according to a key to produce quantised shading. Measurements ranged from no measurable difference in height within a grid Square, to as much as 54m difference, although readings above 40m difference represent less than 2% of the data. Description and Interpretation of the Map Thus the map (Fig. 1) illustrates for each kilometre grid-square the differTrans. Suffolk Nat. Soc. 25


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