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THE IMPORTANCE OF NATURAL HISTORIANS AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETIES IN CONSERVATION DAVID BELLAMY To question the importance of natural historians and natural history societies in conservation is absolutely ridiculous - if there had not been natural historians and natural history societies we would not know anything about our countryside and our landscape and we would not have the conservation movement. Conservation has become really big business in very many ways and lt has to become more effective more rapidly for this world of ours is disappearing.
Floras At Work The following is taken from my forward to Gordon Graham's Flora of the County Palatine. As I live there I am perhaps biased and would say that lt's one of the best local floras ever written: 'One of the saddest letters I ever received was from a miner who reminisced of his childhood days when he would find wild flowers, even orchids, in plenty amongst the dark satanic pit-heaps. Special natural places where he found hours of interest and refreshment for both body and soul after a twelve hour shift down the pit. His letter went on to bemoan the fact that when he took his grandchildren out onto that self-same countryside there was nothing left. The hedges had gone, the streams straightened and perennial rye-grass from fence to fence was the order of the day. All the special unofficial spots had disappeared and been tidied up out of all recognition.' Such places are within the span of my memory also. 'SSCI.s' - sites of special childhood interest where a diversity of water plants provided a spawning place for greater crested newts and coppiced woodland overflowed with wild flowers as they had when first put in the Doomsday record book. These, too, have nearly all gone; swept away by 'progress' and the very few that remain have wisely been designated as SSSIs - Sites of Special Scientific Interest. I have heard Barristers at Public Inquiries ask whether childhood memories can be trusted; is it fact or fancy? In the case of the miner and myself there is proof positive: records of the past for all to see, thanks to the existence of local floras.' In Gordon Graham's Flora ofthe County Palatine can be found the discovery of the earliest records. The first four published records for Durham are those communicated by John Ray (1627-1705) to the first edition of Candor's Britannm published in 1695. In 1670 Ray had published the first record of shrubby cinquefoil from a specimen collected by T. Willisei on the south bank of the Tees and he saw it himself on the Yorkshire side of the Tees below Eggleston Abbey on his final sampling voyage in 1671. Ray's principal botanic correspondent in the North East of England was then Thomas Lawson (1630-1691) a schoolmaster of Great Strickland, near Penrith. In 1688, Lawson sent him a list of 200 rare plants which were used by Ray in the 2nd edition of the Synopsis methodica Stirpium Brittanicarium. The list is repeated in fĂźll in Dereham's Life of Ray, published in 1718. Although Lawson's observations were mainly in Cumbria, he evidently travelled widely in Northumberland and Durham. It is possible to locate many of the plants today in the places he found them.
Trans. Suffolk Nat. Soc. 33 (1997)