101
TREE PRESERVATION, NATURE RESERVES AND T H E LAW. A
PRECIS OF M R .
T.
B.
OXENBURY'S
LECTURE.
S P E A K I N G first of the value of trees to man, M r . Oxenbury stated that about 6 per cent. of the total acreage of Suffolk is wooded. This, though considerably more than the average, is not so much as in some counties. Very little tree planting has been undertaken except by the Forestry Commission and under scattered schemes on some large estates. Many farmers are beginning to take the view that felling has gone too far.
Tree-felling is controlled by the issue of felling licences by the Forestry Commission under the Act of 1951 and by the TreePreservation Orders made by the County Council under the T o w n and Country Planning Act of 1947. An Order requires confirmation by the Minister. T h e Commission may make the issue of a licence to feil conditional upon re-stocking and the maintenance of such trees for a period not exceeding ten years, in accordance with the practice of good forestry. Tree Preservation Orders may be made in the interest of amenity—" there must be adequate and manifest justification for the Order to such an extent as to be generally admitted." T o quote from the memorandum of the Minister : " In the case of individual trees or avenues often found in or near towns and villages, the importance of amenity may lie as much in the civic value as in the scenic value. Scattered trees in parkland, at roadsides, small Clusters of trees and woodland belts may be of importance because they are particular features of the landscape or because they serve as a screen or shelter belt or because they are close to highways, public footpaths, railways or rivers and are of special public interest. T h e value of amenity may lie in the intrinsic beauty of a woodland or be close to existing or proposed built-up areas, or be in an area not heavily wooded and be of particular scenic value. Conspicuousness is an important element; if a woodland is neither open to public access nor visible to the public generally f r o m footpath, road, railway or river, it will rarely be possible to justify its inclusion in an Order." T h e general effect of a Tree Preservation Order is to preclude felling, lopping or topping of trees without the consent of the County Council. It does not seek to control good forestry practice other than felling, lopping and topping. Occasional examples of single trees or groups where preservation for a long period, far beyond maturity for timber purposes, may