AN ACCOUNT OF THE GEOLOGY OF THE BUNGAY DISTRICT by
B.
M.
FUNNELL.
account is primarily intended as a guide for the use of local naturalists and schools. Firstly, the general nature of the individual formations is indicated, and some selected present-day exposures described. However, since the district was originally surveyed by H.M. Geological Survey, there have been changes both in the size of workings and in the type of deposit worked. Therefore, for the sake of completeness, this account incorporates some notes taken from H.M. Geological Survey Memoirs ; the source of these introductions is noted throughout. THIS
Secondly, a provisional Interpretation is presented as a separate discussion of the chronology* of geological events which, it must be recognised, is liable to revision in the light of further research. Certain aspects of the T O P O G R A P H Y around Bungay deserve brief mention. First and highest is the Boulder Clay plateau of " the Saints " area, with its small fields and tree-lined hedgerows. Secondly, there are the steep valley sides of Sand and Gravel; roads run down these slopes in natural cuttings, and some of the field boundaries, especially on the south side of the valley, are marked by a steep step down to the east. Thirdly, the Valley Gravel forms a distinct terrace, well seen near Flixton and Earsham; it lies at a mean height of 50 feet O.D., rising upstream and declining downstream. Near Earsham Park Farm, and at Broome, it can be seen that the terrace is lower at the sides of the valley and higher towards the centre. These marginal lows modify the courses of tributary streams entering the main valley. Fourthly, there are spreads of Other Valley Gravel lying just above the lowest level of the modern alluvium. *—In discussing the chronology the local deposits have been related to the succession outlined by Baden-Powell (1948). T h e correlation with the N o r t h European chronology set out below is based on the interpretations of pollen analyses given by Woldstedt (1950) and West (1954). T h e generally-assumed Alpine equivalents are given in brackets. Gipping Till Saale (Riss) Hoxne interglacial Lowestoft Till Corton Beds Cromer TiH Cromer Forest Bed Norwich Crag Series
probably = Great Interglacial,
Elster-Saale (Mindel-Riss)
Elster (Mindel) pre-Elster (pre-Mindel)