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Precision Instruments for
Professionals
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SUUNTO CLINOMETERS AND HEIGHT METERS Suunto hand-held clinometers are precision instruments used all over the world by surveyors, engineers, cartographers, geologists, miners, architects and many others who need to be able to measure heights, vertical angles and slopes quickly and easily. There is an extensive selection of scales to choose from. These include normal linear angle scales, i.e. degrees, gons and mils as well as per cent scales, topographic scales, metric or American and special secant scales. The scales have graduations of one degree or one per cent, one foot or a quarter of a meter. Suunto height meters are for measuring heights, especially the heights of trees, with great accuracy and speed. They can also be used to determine the angle of a gradient. Both clinometers and height meters have sturdy housing bodies made from corrosion resistant anodized aluminium alloy. The scale cards run on special bearings in hermetically sealed plastic containers filled with a liquid which guarantees that they run smoothly and stop quickly.
The liquid will not freeze or evaporate, retains full damping properties in all working conditions and eliminates irritating scale vibrations. For work in twilight conditions or even in total darkness, the clinometers come with an optional built-in, maintenance-free light source.
no bubbles to center, and nothing to adjust. Where space is limited, inclinations can be read by placing the instrument on the inclined surface and reading the angle through the side window. The optical scales are graduated in degrees from 0 ' to Âą 90 ', and from 0 % to Âą 150 %.
This instrument is for measuring heights, especiaIly the heights of trees, with great accuracy. It is available in several versions. (See product specifications table on page 6).
Accuracy: can be read directly to one degree or to one per cent and can be estimated to 10 minutes of arc or one-fifth of one per cent with readings approximately zero level. Absolute accuracy is about one third of a degree.
Suunto height meters can also be used to determine the angle of a gradient slope. This is done by using the 20 m scale and the conversion table which is imprinted on the back.
Rubber cover Intended for heavy-duty professional use. The instruments shown on this page are examples of the broad range illustrated completely on page 6.
OPTICAL HEIGHT METER PM-5/1520 P
OPTICAL READING CLINOMETER PM-5/360 PC This sturdy but lightweight (110 g or 4 ozs) pocket-size instrument is suitable for every kind of work. Scale reading is easy through a built-in-parallax-free lens. Sighting and scale reading are done simultaneously. There are no screws to turn,
Measuring with PM5 the safety of avalanche.
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1. ACRYLIC CAPSULE 2. STURDY ALUMINIUM HOUSING 2
Corrosion resistant and shock proof
1
3. PARALLAX-FREE LENS
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Magnifies scale card graduations, enabling user to estimate readings to one-sixth of a degree
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4. METAL LANYARD RING (lanyard supplied) 4
5. JEWELLED BEARING ASSEMBLY Ensures long-lasting accurate operation of scale card 6. DAMPING LIQUID Eliminates scale vibration and ensures smooth, accurate and quick readings
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SUUNTO PM-5/360 PCT
SUUNTO PM-5/360 PCB
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MEASURING UNDERGROUND SLOPES (pic. A) Suunto clinometers have proved very useful in mines, quarries and tunnels where inclines have to be measured with great accuracy. They have also helped speleologists to explore caves where nobody has ever gone before. HEIGHT MEASUREMENT USING THE SUUNTO HEIGHT METER (pic. B) This example applies to Suunto PM-5/66, which can be used for distances of 66 and 132 ft. If other distances are required, especially 100 ft, a percent scale is recommended as in e.g. PM-5/66PC, PM-5/36OPC etc. A. DETERMINING BASIC DISTANCE Unfold target and place against the object to be measured. Look through the prism and note the double image of the target. Step back far enough until the mark of the correct distance (in this example 66 ft) coincides with the 0 mark. You are now at the correct distance (66 ft). If an instrument with prism and target is not available, you can of course use a tape measure in determining the basic distance. B. MEASURING THE HEIGHT Hold the instrument as shown in the picture at the top of this page and tilt it until the hair line coincides with the top of the object. The reading of the right, 66 ft scale gives the height of the top directly in feet from eye level. Adding your eye-to-ground distance gives the total height of the object.
When the base of the tree is at the same level as your feet, add your eyeto-ground height directly to the reading. 32 ft + 5.5 ft = 37.5 ft
On sloping ground when the base of the tree is below your eye level also take the reading to the base of the tree and add these figures. 27 ft + 8.5 ft = 35.5 ft
On sloping ground when the base of the tree is above your eye level take the reading to the base of the tree and subtract the readings. 42 ft - 9 ft = 33 ft
A
32 ft 12 m 48 % 25,5째 5.5 ft 1.6 m 66 ft 25 m
27 ft 10.25 m 33.5 ft 13.5 m 41 % 13 %
8.5 ft 3.25 m 66 ft 25m
33 ft 12,5 m 42 ft 16 m
9 ft 3.5 m
64 % 14 % 66 ft 25 m
B
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SUUNTO CLINOMETER AND HEIGHT METER MODELS
Optical adjustment for reading
20 m ‹–› degrees
% ‹–› degrees
cosines 0–50g
cosines 0–45°
20 m
66 feet
CONV. TABLE
15 m
secant
0 ± 1600 mils
0 ± 150 %
0 ± 100g gons
0 ± 90°
SCALES
PM-5/360 PC PM-5/360 S PM-5/400 PC PM-5/6400 CLINOMETERS
PM-5/SPC PM-5/1520
HEIGHT METERS
PM-5/66 PM-5/1520 PC PM-5/1520 D PM-5/66 PC Tandem 360 PC / 360 R
COMB. HEIGHT& CLINOM.
Tandem 400 PC / 400 R
= standard Note. Tandem compass same as KB-14
ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTS
ESCAPE 203
EXPLORE THE WORLD WITH A HAND-HELD ELECTRONIC AL TIMETER-BAROMETER The Escape203 Electronic Altimeter is designed for the outdoor enthusiast combining state-of-the-art technology with practical altimeter-barometer functions. The Escape203 hand-held device is light and ergonomically comfortable, weighing approximately 55 g. or 2 oz. The LCD exhibits a large number display. The position of the triangle indicator clearly shows which main mode the user is viewing. The indicator bar displays all the main features. RANGE 1600 to 29.500 (40.6 – 749.3m) 500m to 900m acc ±10m, ±30
TEMP RANGE –5°F to +140°F (x – x°C) 8.9” to 32.40” Hg 300 to 1000 mbar
GRADUATIONS 3ft/10ft 1m/5m
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ESCAPE 203 - The altimeter shows your current altitude, vertical gain or loss from the start of a hike or climb, as well as vertical ascent and descent rate. - You can store up to 20 altitude points in memory for later review. - The one-logbook memory stores total vertical ascent/descent for the log, as well as the maximum and minimum altitudes reached during the activity. The Escape203 also stores accumulated vertical ascent/descent over a longer period of time. - The barometer memory automatically stores the barometric pressure and temperature, as well as the maximum and minimum values, which makes it valuable for monitoring weather trends. - In addition, the Escape203 shows time along with weekday and date. - Water resistant
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HAND-BEARING PRECISION COMPASSES OPERATING With both eyes open, aim the compass so that the hairline is superimposed on the target, when viewed through the lens. On the R model the main scale gives the bearing from a known position to the target. The small reversed scale gives the bearing from the target to your position. This feature is of great value when calculating a precise position, particularly at sea. Use the left or the right eye as preferred. With both eyes open, an optical illusion makes the hairline appear to continue above the instrument frame, superimposed on the target. This improves reading accuracy and speed. Because of an eye condition called heterophoria, the reading accuracy of some use may be impaired. Check for this as follows: Take a reading with both eyes open and then close the free eye. If the reading does not change appreciably there is no disalignment of the eye axes, and both eyes can be kept open. Should there be a difference in the readings, keep the other eye closed and sight half-way above the instrument body. The hairline now rises
above the instrument body and is seen against the target. Suunto bearing compasses are designed to combine extreme accuracy with ease and speed of operation. Their flat, compact housings have no protruding or adjustable parts and are designed to stand up to heavy-duty wear. The cards of these compasses are immersed in a special dampening fluid that ensures vibrationless, smooth movement. They are pivoted on polished sapphire tips. The bearing assembly is to all intents and purposes subject to no wear and the liquid remains clear and its viscosity low under all conditions. The compasses have been given permanent anti-static treatment. The lens apertures of the KB-14 and KB-20 types are restricted horizontally by a column, which automatically centers the eye on the optical axis, thus eliminating parallax. ILLUMINATION For use in twilight conditions or even total darkness, the compasses can be supplied with a built-in, maintenance-free light source, which will function perfectly for at least 15 years.
SUUNTO MB 6 The MB-6 weights only 55 gr. It’s accuracy is better than 1 degree. Adjustable declination scale. Clinometer to measure vertical and horizontal inclines. Conversion table on the rear of the mirror. Can be used also as normal field compass.
KB-14 compasses are also available with efficient lithium battery powered illumination. Water resistant with changeable battery. SATELLITE ANTENNA BEARING It is expected that in a few years from now there will be millions of antennas picking up signals from geostationary satellites poised some 36,000 kilometres above the equator. These antennas have to be focused with great accuracy. Suunto instruments are already being used to orient them all over the world. The Suunto KB-14 compass is used for measuring horizontal angles and the PM5 clinometer (shown on page 2-6) for vertical angles.
• • • • • •
Heavy duty Corrosion resistant Compact No adjustable parts Sapphire bearing Cotangent table on clinometers back
SUUNTO KB-20 The KB-20 weights only 40 g and its absolute accuracy is better than 1 degree. The KB-14 D comes with a patented adjustable declination correction scale, and optical adjustment. (see page 9)
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Optical adjustment for reading
10.V
Declination correction
1g
Optical adjustment
1°
HOUSING
Anolized light-alloy
0,5°
READING
Lens
Reverse
INTERVALS
0 – 6400 mills
0 – 6000 mills
0 – 90° quadrants
0 – 400g gons
0 – 360°
SCALES
KB-14/360 KB-14/360 R KB-14/360 Q KB-14/360 QD KB-14/400 KB-14/6000 KB-14/6400 KB-14/360-6400 KB-14/360D KB-14/400D KB-14/360RD KB-14/6400RD KB-14/360-6400D KB-20
SUUNTO KB-14/360 DECLINATION OPTI The KB-14 OPTI is equipped with an optical adjustment feature.
RUBBER COVER FOR SUUNTO KB-14 Rubber cover suits all KB- I4. It is made of a saltwater and UV-resistant mixture of EPDM and natural rubber.
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TANDEM COMBINATION CLINOMETER AND COMPASS TANDEM The Suunto Tandem is all you need for both slope/height measurements and compass bearings. It is a liquid-filled precision compass and clinometer in one compact aluminium housing. The Suunto Tandem also features a lanyard, and a convenient carrying pouch with a belt loop. The Suunto Tandem is an excellent tool for surveyors, engineers, cartographers, geologists, miners, architects and for anyone who needs to be able to measure directional indications, heights, vertical angles and slopes – with speed and accuracy. THE NEW, COMPACT COMPASS AND CLINOMETER COMBINATION FEATURES - High accuracy – precise readings in seconds - New, unique design – you can go from taking compass bearings to measuring slopes and height with the flick of your wrist - Durable aluminium housing – protects against impact, corrosion and water - Adjustable optics – readings can be sharpened for improved reading accuracy - Edges at 90 degrees angles for contact measuring - Individually calibrated - Same quality capsules as in the regular PMS and KBS
EASY-TO-READ SCALES The clinometer scale (left pic) is both in percentage (0 – 150%) and degrees (0 – 90°). The scales are graduated in 1°/1% increments. The compass scale (right pic) is in Azimuth (0 – 360°) with reverse scale, graduated in 1° increments. Other scales available in on request.
Tandem
ADJUSTABLE The optics can be adjusted to make the readings sharp and clear. Just turn the eye-piece with your fingers.
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CONTACT MEASUREMENT The Tandem has two edges at 90 degree angles especially designed for contact measuring. This feature is extremely useful when installing a satellite antenna.
190
180
170
190
180
170
10
0
350
10
0
350
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COMPASS CAPSULES
COMPASS CAPSULES A variety of compass and clinometer capsules are available in different sizes (diameter 18ˆ65 mm) and scales e.g. for binoculars and night-vision goggles. There is an extensive selection of scales to choose from. These include normal linear angle scales, i.e. degrees, gons and mils as well as percentage and topographic scales, metric or American and special secant scales. The scale cards run on specialbearings in hermetically sealed plastic containers filled with a liquid, which guarantees they run smoothly and stop quickly. Minimum order quantity is 1000 units per order. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Suunto has gained world-wide distinction as a manufacturer of quality products renowned for their accuracy, reliability and durability. We have developed significant competencies in measuring acceleration, rotation, position, impact, orientation and speed using a variety of technologies ranging from extremely accurate analog measurement & GPS systems. Suunto R&D has outstanding capabilities to develop high technology products to meet the greatest demands. Suunto is involved with external product development co-op on multimillion $ projects. Our R&D facility is based near Helsinki airport in Vantaa, Finland.
PM 5
CAPSULES
1
2
3
4
10
5
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Compass capsule C65
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8
9
11
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MIRROR AND SPECIALTY COMPASSES
MIRROR AND SPECIALTY COMPASSES Suunto professional compasses are used by a great variety of people who require precise directional measurements. They include people who are often in the wilderness or mountain areas, on the sea or large lakes; geologists, surveyors, minors, architects, firefighters and rescue patrols, as well as a antenna technicians who find these instruments very useful as well. 1. MC- 2G GLOBAL This mirror compass has many features that make it outstanding in its class. A standard feature is the gear-operated declination adjustment system which makes this compass excellent, for instance in areas with large magnetic variations. Another standard feature is the clinometer which can be used for the measurement of different slopes; slope of terrain, height measurement, free space over obstacles when assembling a CCTV-antenna, etc. The luminous bezel is available with azimuth (0-360°) or quadrant (0°–90°–0°–90°) graduations with two-degree intervals. Parallax error can be eliminated by means of the clever arrangement of luminous
SUUNTO MC 2G GLOBAL 1
points and color lines. The bezel is also available in black. - Global needle for worldwide use - Large designed mirror - Additional sighting hole for superior accurancy - Ergonomic, lumious and two color bezel ring - Baseplate with magnifying lens - Detachable lanyard with snap lock Size: 2.5”x3.9”x0.6” / 65x101x18 mm Weight: 2.65 oz. / 74g
3. A-40L CONTOUR Ergonomically shaped baseplate compass with a fixed declination corrrection scale and luminous markings. - Ingegrated curvimeter (map measurer) - Baseplate w/magnifying lens and control marking holes - Detachable lanyard with snap lock - Available in inch or cm. Scales Size: 2.2”x4.2” / 56x107 mm Weight: 1.34 oz. / 38g
2. MCA-DL CHALLENGER Compact mirror compass with fixed declination scale and high quality mirror added for grater accuracy in finding the correct bearings. Mirror ld locks open at various angles (60 , 120 , and 180 ) adn remains securely shut when the lid is closed. Large mirror shows the whole compass capsule as well as the sighting line Ergonomic, rotating luminous bezel ring. Size: 2.2”x0.6” / 56 x 84 x 16 mm Weight: 1.5 0z. / 42g
SUUNTO MCA-D
SUUNTO A-40 L
2
3
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INCREMENT BORERS, HAMMERS AND BARK GAUGES INCREMENT BORERS
INCREMENT HAMMERS AND BARK GAUGES
Suunto increment borers come in core diameters of 5 or 12 mm and are coated with Teflon to reduce friction heat (an important consideration when growing trees are involved). The Teflon coating also makes the borers easy to extraxt. Both thread styles (two and three threads) are designed to make the borer easy to extract from the wood.
Suunto increment borers are used for examining wood quality and measuring growth rates. The extent of woodworm or termite damage, impregnation depth etc. can also be measured with these borers, which are made of finest steel. However, these special uses can cause extra wear to the borer bit.
These handy instruments are ideal for measuring bark thicknesses and annual growth rates. Both have graduated scales to facilitate measurement of the sample.
INCREMENT BORERS
STANDARD DIMENSIONS boring depth
2 thread complete 5 mm
2 thread bit only
3 thread complete
3 thread bit only
Extractor only
core diameter/ outer diameter
mm
6”
150
6
8”
200
8
10”
250
10
12”
300
12
14”
350
14
16
400
16
12 mm 12”
300
12
18”
450
18
Suunto increment borers are used for examining wood quality and measuring growth rates.
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5 mm/11.5 mm
12 mm/22 mm
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NOTES
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COPYRIGHT This publication and its contents are proprietary to Suunto Oy. 01/2007 (02/2004). While we have taken great care to ensure that information contained in this documentation is both comprehensive and accurate, no warranty of accuracy is expressed or implied. Its content is subject to change at any time without notice.
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www.suunto.com Suunto Oy, 01510 Vantaa, Finland