Sheet generative

Tutors: Swapnil S Gawande & Deva Prasad

Riya • Suvarna •Utkarsha

Acknowledgement Sheet Generative studio allowed us to explore locally available sheet materials and study component based material systems to create self supportive installation.

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our tutors Ar. Swapnil Gawande and Ar. Deva Prasad, for their guidance and constant supervision, providing their valuable guidance, comments, and suggestions throughout the course of the project.

We would like to express our gratitude towards Ar. Dhanashree Sardeshpande, HOD, Department of Digital Architecture, BNCA, for her kind co-operation and encouragement which helped us in the completion of this project. We would even like to thanks our juror Ar. Poonam Sardesai for her valuable comments which helps us to improve for further design.

Then we would like to thanks our parents who have helped us with their suggestion and support which has been very helpful in various phases.

Last but not the least, we would like to thank our colleagues and finally our team members. Without their abilities, it would not have been the better design.

Index 1. Abstract 2.

Material Explored 3.

Form Exploration

3.1 Form Iterations 4.

Case Study 5.

Rule Sets 6.

Global Geometry 7. Fabrication 8.

Further Study

1 2 4 9 14 16 18 20 22

Abstract Sheet Generative studio aims at studying possibilities of sheet materials used for industrial purposes to be incorporated in architectural space interventions. The design process started with material explorations and tying out various forms. Then, the iterations are analyzed and final form is conceptualized. The growth and form rules sets are defined in order to get a manipulated growth of geometry. Further, various growth patterns are evolved and global geometries are formed. The global geometry is then fabricated by using strategic joinery details.

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Material Identification As per the understanding of the brief, the project was initiated with identifying locally available sheet materials. Their sizes available, thickness and conventional uses were tabulated. The manipulative strategies were explored on these materials. Further, the materials were tested against few parameters

Mill Board

Foam Sheet Size: A0(841x1189mm) - A4(297x210mm) Thickness:1.2 mm to 50 mm Uses: For acoustic treatment, packaging, art and craft projects.

Size: 1m x 1m & 1m x 0.5 m Thickness: 3 to 12 mm Uses: Insulation.

Manipulative Strategies:Cutting, Scoring

Manipulative Strategies: Cutting, Bending, Folding

Black and Transparent PVC Sheet

Laminated Jute Size: available in mts.

Thickness: 0.5, 0.8,1, 1.5 mm.

Uses: Industrial, Bag, Cover, construction, crafts etc.

Size: 1220 mm x 2440 mm.

Thickness: 0.4mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 5mm etc.

Manipulative Strategies: Cutting

Manipulative Strategies: Cutting, Folding, Bending

Foam Board

Cartridge Paper

Size: A0- A3, 1.10 x 1.52 m etc.

Thickness: 1,2,3,5,8 mm.

Uses: Making Food cans, beverage cans,chemical cans, paint cans,etc

Size: A1 (841 x 594mm) - A4(210 x 297mm) Thickness: 150gsm Uses: heavy paper used for illustration and drawing Manipulative Strategies: Cutting, Folding, Bending

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High Density Thermacol Size: 1m x 1m & 1m x 0.5 m Thickness: 3, 5, 8, 10, 25 mm Uses: Insulation and Floor raising.

Manipulative Strategies: Cutting

OHP(Over Head Projection) Sheet Size: A2(420 x 594mm)- A4(297 x 210mm) Thickness: 0.075,0.1,0.125,0.175, 0.25mm Uses: In schools for art projects, as projection sheets.

Manipulative Strategies: Cutting, Bending, Folding

Tinted OHP Size: A2(420 x 594mm)- A4(297 x 210mm) Thickness: 0.075 ,0.1,0.125,0.175 0.25 mm Uses: Cover for spiral bound booklets.

Manipulative Strategies: Cutting, Bending, Folding

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Form Exploration Form 1

In this form, the basic geometries triangle and circle were overlapped and the shape was generated.

First the form was tested in HD Thermocol, then foam sheet was added to it and then using foam board to get a more stable form. But since the notches were in the corner of the unit as well as the form was not self sustainable. The possibilities of global geometry was very little, hence, this form failed.

25.00

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Module made using HD Thermacol, foam sheet and foam board.

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Cutting

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Form 2

Module made using foam sheet and cartridge paper.

Cutting

Bending

5 mm

1

1 2

10 mm

Form 2 was tried with foam sheet using a rectangular piece. The manipulative strategies used were cutting and bending. Due to the flexibility of material and limited growth the form failed. Also, the material was too light and would not have survived for outdoor space interventions.

Final Outputs

Combination of 4 modules

Foam sheet

Combination of 5 modules

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Cartridge Paper Riya • Suvarna •Utkarsha

Form 3

Module made using foam sheet and cartridge paper.

For form three, the basic geometry used was a triangle. For experimenting with the shape, the process was started with cartridge paper.

Manipulative strategy used here was folding. Further the form was tried using foam, where due to the nature of the material the form was manipulated using pinching. This was tried using isosceles and equilateral triangles. There were growth possibilities and it was the most stable of all the experiments carried out.

Since foam sheet was failing as a material for space intervention, this module was experimented using laminated jute sheet.

Bending

ISOSCELES TRANGLE

Combination of Multiple Modules

ISOSCELES TRANGLE

Iteration 2

EQUILATERAL TRANGLE

EQUILATERAL TRANGLE

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Comparison of Forms Explored Form 1

Form 2

Form 3

5 mm

Forms : Base Geometry :

Equilateral triangle

10 mm 1

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Forms Explored :

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Part 2

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Materials Explored: H.D. thermocol

H.D. thermo- Foam Board col + Foam

Foam sheet

Cartridge Paper

Cartridge Paper Foam sheet

Possible Growths :

Manipulative Strategies :

Cutting

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Cutting

Bending

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Pinching

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Form Exploration Form 1

Form 2

Form 3

5 mm

Forms : Base Geometry :

Equilateral triangle

10 mm 1

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Form Explored :

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Part 2

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Materials Explored: H.D. thermocol

H.D. thermo- Foam Board col + Foam

Foam sheet

Cartridge Paper

Cartridge Paper Foam sheet

Possible Growths :

Manipulative Strategies :

Cutting

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Cutting

Bending

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Pinching

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Iteration 1 Exploring different material for the same geometry Laminated jute sheet was ideal for outdoors and indoors, but the limitation with this material was that it required resin coating and a reinforcement in it’s spine for it to hold its shape and the module was failing at larger scale. Hence, another iteration of this was tried using cardboard.

Foam Sheet

Laminated Jute

Variations Possible

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Iteration 2 Modifying the basic form using Mill Board The form is explored using mill board for experimentation. The form modifies as regular polygons. The flaps used for joinery made the global geometry very flexible and resulted in too many voids. Also, there was no material optimization. So, the flap width was reduced and to break the symmetry of polygons, the center of the polygons was shifted to achieve a dynamic look.

Components derived

Global Geometry

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Growth of Global Geometry Pentagon

Hexagon

Septagon

Octagon But even using polygons with a shifted center, the global geometries were still predicable and had a restricted pattern of growth. To break this monotony of growth and global geometry another iteration was introduced wherein, even the sides of the polygons were irregular.

Polygon

Linear Growth

Global Geometry Possibilities

2.Populate Geometry with points

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Iteration 3

Irregular Polygon

Displaced Center

Asymmetrical

In the final iteration of the modules, the irregular polygons were first evolved by forming irregular sides and then shifting the center of these polygons.

Then, growth possibilities were carried out to establish weather the form will grow or not. PVC Plastic was used to carry out these experiments which was finalized as the final material as well.

Since the component is now irregular, the design process changes to whole to part.

Growth possibilities of Irregular Polygons Component explored in PVC sheet

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Concept

1. Surface

2.Populate Geometry with points

3. Polygons around the points

4. Polygons modulated as per the rule sets

Now, since the geometry is manipulated from whole to part, the first step was to identify a surface. Then populate it with points and create polygon around it. Then by keeping the distance between points as a parameter the polygons are packed as per the described rule sets.

Further, two projects relating to the concept were studied as follows.

Distance between points

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Case Study Helix Shelter

Minimum and Maximum size of Pyramids

Joinery - Folds and Flaps The tiny Helix shelter is made using laser-cut cardboard pyramids with holes in their corners that allow partial views from the inside. The designers, ootro estudio, created the prototype to be used as a space for rest and contemplation that is easily installed by a single person.

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CASE STUDY 2 Chrysalis (III) Chrysalis (III) investigates the self-organization of barnacle-like cells across an underlying surface. The cells shift and slide across the surface as they attempt to find a more balanced packed state through the use of a relaxed spring network constrained to the surface.

Each cell is composed of two parts: a cone-like outer surface made from cherry veneer and a non-planer inner plate made from poplar veneer that stresses the outer cone into shape. Each of the 1000 cell components are unfolded flat in the digital model, digitally fabricated, and hand assembled.

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5 cm

Rule Set Extracting Points for Irregular Polygon

15 cm

Pentagon 15 cm

5 cm

Hexagon

m

5c

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Range of the diameter

cm

Further deriving the component, the height for extrusion of the irregular polygon is same as the radius and thus half of the diameter of the radius which forms the polygon which is derived by experimenting the module strength. When the height increases than that of radius, the edge joining the point and the one side of the polygon is the area which gets deformed because of the length of the edge.

Height = 0.5 of the diameter

15

For the formation of irregular polygons in defined controlled radius range which we deduce from the minimum and maximum size of component based on the proposed geometry and material thickness, the circle of fixed radius gets divided into 5 points for the formation of irregular polygon of 5 sides, such that the minimum length of the side formed in the polygon is restricted to 5cm and maximum is of 15cm. This controlling of the division of the sides irregular polygons is directly proportional to the radius of the circle, the circle having maximum radius is divided in maximum number of sides and lowest has less number of sides.

As per experiments conducted, the range of sides that a circle is divided to form a irregular polygon is from 5 to 8 as shown in the diagram below.

Septagon

5c

m

10 cm 12 cm 14 cm 16 cm 18 cm 20 cm

15

cm

Octagon

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Range of number and length of sides Riya • Suvarna •Utkarsha

Distribution of Points Uniform Grid of points

Populated Points Further, after obtaining the rules sets, the distribution pattern of points was examined. The points were populated computationally. First a uniform grid of points was explored. But in this case the polygons did not grow as desired. Then a space with randomly populated points was tested. In this case, circle packing was possible which would lead to the irregular polygon formation.

Further, various growth patterns were carried out as shown in the further slides.

Grid Type - Square Grid Size - 4 X 4

Grid Type - Rectangle Grid Size - 3 X 4

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Circle Packing

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Growth Patterns

Plan

View

Linear

Radial

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Growth Patterns

Dome Shaped

Arch

Doubly Curved Surface DA • Batch 2017-19 • Sheet Generative

Surface with repeated panel 19

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Fabrication

Fold Line

1.5cm wide flaps

PVC Sheet Cost of sheet : 200Rs for 0.81m x 0.91m sheet

Flat sheet template of component

Fabrication Technique used: CNC Laser Cutting Cost of Laser Cutting: 10Rs / minute

Joinery of components DA • Batch 2017-19 • Sheet Generative

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Fabrication PVC Sheet Scale of prototype model in 1:1 Total components - 29 Components in 1 sheet - 13

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Further study To achieve space intervention of larger scales, a structural system could be introduced which would act as a support system for the modules.

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