A design thesis on Substance Abuse Rehab Center
NAME: Dhruvi Thakkar
NAVNIRVAN, Rethinking Rehabilitation
GUIDE: Prof. Vimarsh Pandya
UNDERTAKING
I, Dhruvi Thakkar hereby declare that this thesis titled “NAVNIRVAN, Rethinking Rehabilitation ”, is an independent work of mine, carried out towards partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor’s Degree in Architecture (B.Arch) at Anant National University (AnantU), Ahmedabad. This work has not been submitted to any other institution for the award of any Degree/Diploma.Signature:__________Name:DhruviThakkarEnrolmentno.:A170110012
It is to be understood that, by this approval the undersigned does not necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein but only endorses the study for the purpose for which it has been submitted as per the requirements laid down by Anant National University, Sanskardham Campus, Ahmedabad affiliated to Gujarat University.
The present thesis is hereby granted as satisfactory work on the selected subject, submitted in the 6th month of the year 2022, for the study carried out by the mentioned student who is enrolled in the Xth semester of the Bachelor of Architecture (undergraduate) course, belonging to the 2017 batch of Anant National University.
CERTIFICATE
THESIS TOPIC: NAVNIRVAN, Rethinking Rehabilitation SUBMITTED BY: DHRUVI THAKKAR ID NUMBER: A170110012 INTERNAL GUIDE: Prof. VIMARSH PANDYA
Prof. Snehal Nagarsheth Prof. ___________________ Principal Internal Guide Anant National University
The institute does not validate this document's authenticity and takes no responsibility for any acts of intentional or accidental plagiarism that may be found to be associated with this document or its author.
I, first and foremost, want to thank my family and loved ones. They have been a steady emotional support network particularly in these 5 years and reminded me to 'split away’ from the design air pocket and put things in context
In conclusion, I might want to thank every one of the resources whose audit during the semester molded my proposal. To the seniors, juniors, classmates, and dear friends who helped me out in the period of scarcity, be it assisting in work, coordinating, giving data, direction, or inspiration; I am thankful for everyone of you
Throughout the long term, I have had the honor of communicating with numerous extraordinary educators every one of whom has molded and assisted me with developing, in their own particular manners I want to begin by saying thanks to my Thesis guide Ar. Vimarsh Pandya. He took out hours to discuss the project at every stage, and through his rigorous discussions kept me at my toes all along.
The thesis is, in no way, shape, or form, a 'solo ride'. This postulation specifically has been a consequence of a few crucial data sources, basic bits of knowledge, and unchallenged help from all over. I might want to make a move to broaden my appreciation for each and every individual who helped me along in this, frequently rough excursion, and kept me persuaded
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At first stage, I wasn’t decided what program should I go for. For that I stared by studying about Drug Abuse in general; which included its science, symptoms, cure and aftercare Simultaneously, I studied about the cure and awareness about the issue in India and especially Gujarat state.
PREFACE
lack of proper rehab in the state, people were looking for them outside the state which makes it difficult for the patient to see their family members on regular basis The rehabs available in Gujarat were either too expensive for the mass to afford or wasn’t full filling the ideal factors of a rehab center.
In quest of finding an appropriate topic for thesis, I was reading a lot of news articles as I wanted to be involved in something that can make a difference or help in giving back to society. During that time, I came across a news article that caught my attention and made me affirmative about my thesis topic
That article was from Times Of India stating that, ‘Gujarat is the third worst hit state in terms of Overdoses caused by Drug Abuse It became particularly interesting because Gujarat state in India is a Dry state since 1970s
The design focuses on providing an inclusive environment for the patient to grow and find a greater purpose. It aims on providing a balance between ‘Freedom’ and ‘Discipline’
I found out that there are various NGOs working toward the awareness among youth and providing education about it door to door But the rehabilitation centers in Gujarat were
Other precedent studies like, primary and secondary case studies and books related to the role of architecture in healing helped me out to study, document and analyze the project Myfurthermore.projectfocuses
Being curious as I am, I started digging more into the topic and studied about it in detail and found out more such cases and reasons for me to be taking upon this problem and doing something related to it
Duelimited.tothe
on providing an Inpatient Rehabilitation Program, where Patients are supposed to undergo an extensive 30 35 days of care involving physical, medical and recreational therapies.
2.3 How can we contribute? 20
2.4 What is Rehabilitation 23
1.3 Why this topic? 11
Background Research
2.1 What is Substance Addiction? 13
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Project Background
Chapter 2
2.5 About In patient Rehabs 26
4.3 Interview 58
3.2 Beit Halochem Rehab Center 36
1.1 Aim and Objective 9
1.2 Project vision 10
3.4 Comparative charts 50
Literature Studies and Data
Chapter 4
4.1 Kinesthetics in Architecture 53
4.2 ‘Healing Spaces’ Literature study 56
3.1 Groot Klimmendaal Rehab Center 29
Chapter 3
Case studies
3.3 Muktangan De addiction Center 42
4.4 Survey 60
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NUMBER
Chapter 1
2.2 Drug Abuse in Gujarat 16
5.1 Site introduction 63
7.2 Phase 2 76
8.2 Design Inferences 83
Site introduction and Analysis
Chapter 6
8.3 Design Strategies 84
Chapter 7
7.3 Phase 3 78
List of figures 97
8.5 Model images 94
7.1 Phase 1 73
Chapter 8
6.1 User and area program 70
8.4 Final drawings and views 85
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NUMBER
5.2 Site Analysis 65
The design
5.3 Site zone and T.P scheme 68
8.1 Design Concept 82
Bibliography 96
TABLE OF CONTENTS
User and area program analysis
Design process
Chapter 5
Chapter 1 Introduction i. Project Background ii. Project Vision iii. Why this topic?
figure 1.1 ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 9
Aims to provide a safe and calm environment for people suffering from Substance abuse /Substance addiction.
OBJECTIVES
• To provide spaces to try and work on prejudices that society has about substance addiction.
• To create an inclusive and self sufficient environment for in patients, keeping in mind all its users
• To provide necessary human human and human surrounding connection to awaken all senses
• To create a stimulating premise that helps in positive distraction .
1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND
AIM
1.2 PROJECT VISION
“To take a step toward saving human resources; forming a community of people tied together with a similar problem. It dreams of becoming a first of its kind rehab that neither revolves around being a luxury resort nor a small room in a hospital building. “
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 10
1.3 WHY THIS TOPIC?
figure 1.3 (b) statistical data table of Gujarat’s addiction
3. CURRENT SCENERIO OF REHABS IN GUJARAT
figure 1.3 (a) necessity for awareness
figure 1.3 (c) likely conditions of rehab in Ahmedabad
• More confined to medical attention
1. LACK OF AWARENESS
• More than 1500 rehab centers in India.
• According to the reports, Gujarat is third worst hit state with rising Substance overdose cases
2. RISING NUMBER OF OVERDOSES
• Ignorance towards rehab centers.
• Only few Rehab centers provide such facility, others are a floor or room within the hospital building.
• So, there is a need to build a more stimulating space considering the current scenario
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 11
v. About In patient Rehabs
iv. What is Rehabilitation?
ResearchBackground
Chapter 2
i. What is Substance Addiction?
ii. Drug Abuse in Gujarat
iii. How can we contribute?
Drug addiction can start with experimental use of a recreational drug in social situations, and, for some people, the drug use becomes more frequent. For others, particularly with opioids, drug addiction begins with exposure to prescribed medications, or receiving medications from a friend or relative who has been prescribed the medication.
OVERVIEW:
You may need help from your doctor, family, friends, support groups or an organized treatment program to overcome your drug addiction and stay drug free.
figure 2.1 (a) introduction to substance addiction
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 13
Drug addiction, also called substance use disorder, is a disease that affects a person's brain and behavior and leads to an inability to control the use of a legal or illegal drug or medication Substances such as alcohol, marijuana and nicotine also are considered drugs When you're addicted, you may continue using the drug despite the harm it causes. Substance Addiction is a psychological dependence and habit forming of a person to particular substance which will not be under voluntary control Impact of Substance abuse can affect almost all organs in the human body; Substance use can weaken the immune system, increasing susceptibility to infections.
2.1 WHAT IS SUBSTANCE ADDICTION?
The risk of addiction and how fast you become addicted varies by drug. Some drugs, such as opioid painkillers, have a higher risk and cause addiction more quickly than others.
As time passes, you may need larger doses of the drug to get high Soon you may need the drug just to feel good. As your drug use increases, you may find that it's increasingly difficult to go without the drug. Attempts to stop drug use may cause intense cravings and make you feel physically ill (withdrawal symptoms)
VIEW OF THE DISORDER:
Recognizing unhealthy drug use in family members
Money issues sudden requests for money without a reasonable explanation; or your discovery that money is missing or has been stolen or that items have disappeared from your home, indicating maybe they're being sold to support drug use
SOCIAL STIGMA
2.1 (b) addiction and its consequences ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 14
Changes in behavior exaggerated efforts to bar family members from entering his or her room or being secretive about where he or she goes with friends; or drastic changes in behavior and in relationships with family and friends
Substance abuse carries both social stigma and the potential for negative legal consequences for the addict. Thus, substance abuse is often underreported.
Physical health issues lack of energy and motivation, weight loss or gain, or red eyes
SUBSTANCEADDICTION
Neglected appearance lack of interest in clothing, grooming or looks
figure
2.1 WHAT IS SUBSTANCE ADDICTION?
Sometimes it's difficult to distinguish normal teenage moodiness or angst from signs of drug use. Possible indications that your teenager or other family member is using drugs include: Problems at school or work frequently missing school or work, a sudden disinterest in school activities or work, or a drop in grades or work performance
MENTAL PTSDPROBLEMS/HEALTH
CONSEQUENCESLEGAL
•Continuing to use the drug, even though you know it's causing problems in your life or causing you physical or psychological harm
•Spending a good deal of time getting the drug, using the drug or recovering from the effects of the drug
•Driving or doing other risky activities when you're under the influence of the drug
•Mental illness like depression or anxiety
•Negative self image
•Withdrawing emotionally from loved ones
•Failing in your attempts to stop using the drug
•Feelings of apathy or disinterest
•Over time, needing more of the drug to get the same effect
•Making certain that you maintain a supply of the drug
•Doing things to get the drug that you normally wouldn't do, such as stealing
STILLNESS, FOCUS
•Spending money on the drug, even though you can't afford it
•Changes in personality traits
figure 2.1 (c) transforming negativity to positivity ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 15
•Feeling that you have to use the drug regularly daily or even several times a day
•Dismal outlook on or attitude toward life
•Not meeting obligations and work responsibilities, or cutting back on social or recreational activities because of drug use
•Lack of motivation
HEALTHYAFEELINGENGAGINGPOSITIVEDISTRACTIONCALMENVIORNMENTACTIVITYOFBELONGINGPROPERROUTINEINTERACTION
•Having intense urges for the drug that block out any other thoughts
SYMPTOMS:
Drug addiction symptoms or behaviors include, among others:
•Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when you attempt to stop taking the drug [1]
•Taking larger amounts of the drug over a longer period of time than you intended
•Paranoid, fearful or obsessive thoughts
2.1 WHAT IS SUBSTANCE ADDICTION?
SYMPTOMS V/S SOLUTION
2.2 DRUG ABUSE IN GUJARAT
According to a UN report, 1million heroin addicts are registered in India, and unofficially there are as many as five million. What started off as casual use among a minuscule population of high income group youth in the metro has permeated to all sections of society Inhalation of heroin alone has given way to intravenous drug use, that too in combination with other sedatives and painkillers. This has increased the intensity of the effect, hastened the process of addiction and complicated the process of recovery. Cannabis, heroin, and Indian produced pharmaceutical drugs are the most frequently abused drugs in India Cannabis products, often called charas, bhang, or ganja, are abused throughout the country because it has attained some amount of religious sanctity because of its association with some Hindu deities. The International Narcotics Control Board in its 2002 report released in Vienna pointed out that in India persons addicted to opiates are shifting their drug of choice from opium to heroin
Epidemiological surveys also revealed that 20 40% of subjects above 15 years are current users of alcohol and 10% of them are regular or excessive users In a rural population of Uttar Pradesh alcohol was found to be the commonest substance abused (82.5%) followed by cannabis (16.1%).It was found that rates of current use of alcohol in Punjab were 45.9% in Jalandhar and 27.7% in Chandigarh whereas it was 28.1% in rural areas of Punjab . It was reported that 38.3% of the rural population in Uttar Pradesh was habitual substance users In a study conducted in rural community in Bihar prevalence of alcohol/drug use was found to be 28.8% of the study population.[2]
The Important finding of these studies is that alcohol was the commonest substance used (60 98%) followed by cannabis use (4 20%)
figure 2.2 (a) statistical data
DRUG ABUSE IN INDIA:
The epidemic of substance abuse in young generation has assumed alarming dimensions in India. Changing cultural values, increasing economic stress and dwindling supportive bonds are leading to initiation into substance use. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) substance abuse is persistent or sporadic drug use inconsistent with or unrelated to acceptable medical practice. The picture is grim if the world statistics on the drugs scenario is taken into account. With a turnover of around $500 billions, it is the third largest business in the world, next to petroleum and arms trade. About 190 million people all over the world consume one drug or the other
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 16
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 17
figure 2.2 (c) excerpt from a news article
figure 2.2 (b) excerpt from a news article
figure 2.2 (d) excerpt from a news article
There has been a sudden spike in the drug smuggling cases in Gujarat that was noted after the second wave of Covid 19. The compiled cases in the reports showed that since June, both the local police and NCB have seized narcotics worth above Rs 6.6 crores in 21 cases and had arrested over 52 people in drug trafficking from different parts of the state. The police said that for cheap intoxicants like ganja and bhang, cannabis and hemp plantations are grown by local farmers in Gujarat. The Anand police in May busted a huge marijuana plantation and seized over 900 kgs of plants sown amongst the jowar crops. Talking about the addictions, Dr Alpa Vyas, a counsellor at the Naya Jeevan De addiction Centre said that there are over 250 addicts that visited the center in the past year While many leave abruptly, some complete their 30 days rehab period while some may return to the center after each relapse.[3]
2.2 DRUG ABUSE SCENERIO IN GUJARAT
2.2 DRUG ABUSE SCENERIO IN GUJARAT
Hope Trust Rehab In Hyderabad has received a surprisingly large number of clients from Gujarat. This, despite prohibition! [4]
figure 2.2 (e) excerpt from a news article
figure 2.2 (f) excerpt from a news article
As expected, this has led to crime and tragedy. There are no proper rehabs in the state Some hospitals provide detox services, but proper rehabilitation for alcoholics and addicts is not available in Gujarat
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 18
There is official prohibition in the state of Gujarat since its inception in 1960. However, this exists merely on paper In reality, it is a different story As anyone who has enjoyed a drink (or two or more) in Gujarat will tell you, alcohol is easily available In fact, it is home delivered like pizza.
Ahmedabad is the largest city of Gujarat. The former capital, administrative headquarters, and seat of the Gujarat high court. A search for de addiction Ahmedabad rehabilitation does not return many results. For a city of more than a few million people, there should be more services available. [5]
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 19
• Spike in cases after Covid 19
Dr Rajendra Anand. “On an average, I see a new patient of addiction every day in Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar,” he says.
2.2 DRUG ABUSE SCENERIO IN GUJARAT
• Enhanced prosperity and peer pressure
MAIN REASONS
• No proper rehabs in Gujarat
• Easy availability of substance
• People looking for rehabs often look for a rehab outside Gujarat
figure 2.2 (g) Ahmedabad iconography
figure 2.3 (a) group classification
HOW CAN ONE HELP ADDICTS?
AWARENESSREHABILITATION
CHOOSES VOLUNTARILYHELP
DOES NOT CHOOSE HELP VOLUNTARILY
GROUP 1 GROUP 2 ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 20
2.3 HOW CAN WE CONTRIBUTE
GROUP 1
• The major problem is if the rehab if apt., it isn’t affordable to larger eaudience.gAlpha healing center, Abhasa rehab center
e.g.. Naaya Jeevan IRCA, Kalarav CPLI,Umang ODIC
GROUP 1 GROUP 2
• Cares about the stigma
GROUP 2
USER GROUP COMPARISION
• There are over 1500 rehab centers in India. The current scenario of rehabs in India may not be appropriate, as they might not suit the concept of rehabs. Dr. Ashok Rao (CEO, trustee of freedom foundation)
• Falls in educated and comfortable socio economic background
• The very first step to detox this user type is awareness Many organizations are working on it door to door.
• Can afford
2.3 HOW CAN WE CONTRIBUTE
• Falls in less educated and lower lower middle socio economic background
• Have identified their problem i e are self aware
• Haven't identified their problem i.e. are unaware.
SERVICES AVAILABLE
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 21
• To create awareness against the menace of drug abuse and alcoholism among students, youths, general public especially slum dwellers, factory and mill workers who are totally exposed to alcohol and drugs.
• Mostly wont be able to afford.
• Aren't quite worried about the stigma
figure 2.3 (d) Mindcare De addiction Center, Ahmedabad,Gujarat
figure 2.3 (f) Umang ODIC
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 22
2.3 HOW CAN WE CONTRIBUTE SERVICES AVAILABLE
figure 2.3 (e) Naaya Jeevan IRCA
figure 2.3 (c) Veda Rehab Center, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
figure 2.3 (f) Kalarav CPLI
figure 2.3 (b) Alpha Healing Center, Baroda, Gujarat
GROUP 1 GROUP 2
figure 2.4 (a) illustration depicting restoration of mind
• Personal Autonomy
Rehabilitation is defined as “a set of interventions designed to optimize functioning and reduce disability in individuals with health conditions in interaction with their environment”.
2.4 WHAT IS REHABILITATION?
Restoration of an individual’s health, efficiency, and well being.
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 23
• Quality of life
Recovery is profoundly individual focused, implying that the mediations and approach chose for every individual relies upon their objectives and inclinations Recovery can be given in various settings, from ongoing or short term clinic settings, to private facilities, or local area settings, for example, a singular's home.[6]
• Functionality
Helps in optimal degree of :
Set forth plainly, restoration helps a kid, grown up or more seasoned individual to be pretty much as free as conceivable in regular exercises and empowers support in schooling, work, diversion and significant life jobs like dealing with family. It does as such by tending to basic circumstances (like agony) and working on the way a singular capacities in regular day to day existence, supporting them to defeat hardships with thinking, seeing, hearing, conveying, eating or moving around
DRUG REHABILITATION:
figure 2.4 (b) illustration depicting drug addiction
• Counseling and other behavioral therapies are critical elements of rehabilitation, Medications are crucial element of treatment for many patients, and possible drug use during treatment must be monitored continuously Rehabilitation programs need to work close to the patient, offering a variety of options like local support groups and extended care supports.
• Principles of effective drug rehabilitation treatment are no single treatment is appropriate for all, Treatment needs to be readily available, Effective treatment attends to the multiple needs of the individual, Treatment plans must be assessed and modified to meet changing needs, Remaining in treatment for an adequate period of time is critical for treatment effectiveness.
Addiction treatment centers provide people addicted to Substances or alcohol, additional care and assistance that they need.
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 24
• Rehabilitation is one of the hardest thing that one addict has to accomplish. [7]
• Drug rehabilitation is the psychotherapeutic treatment given to drug addicts It helps the patient to get rid of substance abuse as well as process abuse. The treatment mainly includes counselling by experts, medication for depression, making them to be spiritual. Drug rehabilitation centers offer certain programs which include residential treatment, local support groups, extended care centers, recovery houses, and out patient
2.4 WHAT IS REHABILITATION?
• Aftercare [11]
figure 2.4 (c) how rehabilitation works
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 25
2.4 WHAT IS REHABILITATION?
•Orientation. The first few days of treatment are focused on helping the patient to feel comfortable in the program and assisting the medical team in better understanding the needs of the individual patient The doctors and therapists must be familiar with the patient’s drug history, mental health history, and medical history in order to create a personalized treatment plan that will be effective.
•Detox. If the patient has physical dependence and/or withdrawal symptoms, detox is the first step after diagnostic evaluation. Patients may receive medication if warranted and begin the process of the psychotherapeutic care that will define the bulk of their rehab experience.
• Partial hospitalization
• Intensive outpatient
Substance and alcohol addictions are diseases, but they are treatable Addiction treatment is offered at detox clinics, outpatient facilities and full service rehab centers, but the quality of treatment can vary greatly among these facilities. These programs include:
•Aftercare. When patients return home after treatment, they pick up where they left off during the counseling process Aftercare can consist of therapy, yoga, treatment services such as acupuncture and even a residential sober living program [8]
• Medically assisted detox
•Counseling. Next, patients receive care through experiential, personal and group therapy sessions. This time is when patients begin the process of working on the trauma and mental health issues that may have pushed them toward addiction in the first place
• Inpatient (residential)
• Outpatient
REHAB CENTER:
• Teletherapy or Online Rehab
Patients should expect to undergo the following steps when they enroll in a comprehensive drug rehab program:
Long term therapy communities regularly incorporate clinical direction and management and reference to an assortment of step down programs that you can change towards subsequent to finishing clinical detox While getting long term treatment, you'll live nearby at a recovery office in a steady and managed climate. In the wake of completing ongoing recovery, you might keep recuperating in a private, fractional hospitalization, serious short term or short term treatment setting
2.5 WHAT IS AN IN-PATIENT REHAB?
figure 2.5 (a) explanation of an inpatient rehab center
“An inpatient drug rehab offers the opportunity to express complex feelings, receive support from a compassionate community, and work through trauma in a safe environment with highly skilled and devoted professionals.”[10] REHAB CENTRE?
WHY IN-PATIENT
• HAVE TO STAY FOR ABOUT 30 DAYS • BREAKS YOUR EVERYDAY ROUTINE INVOLVING SUBSTANCE • NO ACCESS TO SUBSTANCE • HELPS IN DEVELOPING NEW HEALTHY HABITS • SUCCESS RATE • HAVING A COMMUNITY ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 26
•Ongoing review of treatment goals
•Aftercare and discharge planning (a necessary component in this level of care) [11]
figure 2.5 (b) process of in patient rehab program
•Comprehensive evaluation and treatment planning
•Medication management, if necessary
IN-PATIENT REHAB DETOX PROGRAMS
•Individual therapy
•Recreational therapy, such as meditation and yoga
•Daily group therapy, including specialty groups and peer groups
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 27
•A community meeting group
•24 hour nursing supervision
•Meeting with a psychiatric provider one or more times a week
2.5 WHAT IS AN IN-PATIENT REHAB?
ii.
iii. Muktangan
iv. Comparative charts
i. Groot Klimmendaal Rehab Center Beit Halochem Rehab Center De Addiction Center
Chapter 3 Case Studies
Figure 3.1 (a) location and context pictures of Groot Klimmendaal Rehab center
• It blends with its surrounding landscape and architecture and is accessible by a street with bicycle and pedestrian paths
Figure 3.1 (b) Groot Klimmendaal Rehab center map
• The street with bicycle and pedestrian paths.
3.1 GROOT KLIMMENDAAL REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
• The street feeds multiple institutions mostly dedicated for the children and people with disabilities.
• It may be explained by the attempt to camouflage the building
• The center follows the massing and heights of surroundings buildings and appears to have the darkest shade of brown in the area.
• Residing within the forests of the Netherlands, Rehabilitation center Groot Klimmendaal hides between trees like a quiet deer
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 29
Figure 3.1 (d) zoning indication of Groot Klimmendaal Rehab center
3.1 GROOT KLIMMENDAAL REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
ZONING AND MASSING:
Treatment spaces
Below are offices, above are the clinical area. The double height ground floor at entrance level facilitates the special elements of the programme such as a sports facility, fitness, swimming pool, restaurant and theatre. [12] [13] [14]
Figure 3.1 (c) plan zoning indication of Groot Klimmendaal Rehab center
Leisure spaces
Admin and Accommodationtech.
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 30
INFERENCE 1: CONNECTION TO OUTSIDE
Figure 3.1 (f) visual connection of indoor outdoor
3.1 GROOT KLIMMENDAAL REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 31
• Full height glazing along the focal space associating the different inward components of the structure guarantees a practically consistent congruity between inside and outside.
• The wandering exterior in the eatery brings about an in the middle among trees and welcomes the backwoods inside the structure. The encompassing nature has major areas of strength for a line of sight and unmistakable presence wherever in the structure; it permits the client to revalidate while strolling.
Figure 3.1 (e) full height glazed lounge space
Figure 3.1 (g) colorful and voided circulation space
INFERENCE 2: INTERPLAY OF SOLID AND VOIDS
• reduces the visual effect of what is a huge scope intercession
• A blend of huge and little voids and light wells guarantee a spatial association between various levels and permit normal sunlight somewhere down in the core of the 30metres wide structure Interaction of striking however unobtrusive varieties and immediate and backhanded (counterfeit) lighting breathes new life into the inside.
• The woodland's continually moving light levels,
• Calculations of construction and skin, and
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 32
• The exchange among strong and void,
Figure 3.1 (h) Light wells/voids from roof to ground and upper levels
3.1 GROOT KLIMMENDAAL REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 33
Figure 3.1 (k) continuous seamless visual connection
• Constant flight of stairs that permits seeing from the highest level straight through to the base
• A long hall with suspended lattice roofs and knock rails taking care of a progression of more empathetic flow spaces with no impasses, which deal slow and quick courses across the arrangement
Figure 3.1 (j) continuous staircase in section
3.1 GROOT KLIMMENDAAL REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
• Having the option to see the varieties will advance development all over the steps while just investigating integrating recovery into the day to day daily schedule of patients without them truly acknowledging it
Figure 3.1 (i) Continuous staircase
INFERENCE 3: TREATMENT OF CIRCULATION SPACE
Figure 3.1 (o) natural light positions
INFERENCE 4: USE OF NATURAL LIGHT 3.1 GROOT KLIMMENDAAL REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
Figure 3.1 (l)façade treatment\
Figure 3.1 (m) daylight positioned along the façade and light wells
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Figure 3.1 (n) natural light positions
Figure 3.1 (q) use of color in corridors
INFERENCE 4: USE OF COLORS
3.1 GROOT KLIMMENDAAL REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
Figure 3.1 (p) color palette
Figure 3.1 (p)
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 35
• Utilization of intense varieties to differentiate cooler white or dim walls and lumbers to make prompts for memory on each level
• On one level the subject is orange, and another has a striking blue rooftop with many varieties painted in the light wells They get the attention and hold the look, bringing out a feeling of happiness.
Figure 3.1 (r) use of bright colors in engagement spaces
TOTAL AREA: 18000 SQM (BUILT UP 6000SQM)
ABOUT:
LOCATION: BEER SHEVA, ISREAL
YEAR OF COMPLETION: 2011
LOCATION:
ARCHITECT: KIMMEL ESHKOLOT ARCHITECTS
Figure 3.2 (a) location
On the outskirts of Beer Sheva, where the city ends and the desert begins, the rehab is built The prominent structure in the context is Beer Sheva north rail yard.
Constructed of cast-in-place concrete, the facility accommodates such functions as housing sports, dining, physiotherapy and administration in a schema that takes advantage of the topography to create essentially two ground floors interconnecting five monolithic units with heights up to three floors A thin roof is employed as one of the ground floors, interlocking, and interconnecting the vertically stacked units that are also connected through a series of corridors and bridges. The space in between, connected by thin bridges, are treated as courtyards for public use.
3.2 BEIT HALOCHEM REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
Figure 3.2 (b) view from entrance
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ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 37
Figure 3.2 (c) plan section
3.2
contrast the flatness of the surrounding desert landscape, the height of the building volumes creates interest in section Some portions such as the sport hall and swimming pool are tall and open, while others like the administration, classes, and so on break up the inner volume of the spaces. The angular form of the rocklike masses mimic the surrounding rocky desert. [15] [16] [17]
Torehabilitation.
The plan is the simple composition of the 5 rocks that make up the campus. Each is a building with its own specific function aimed at a different type of
BEIT HALOCHEM REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
3.2
BEIT HALOCHEM REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 38
Byarchitecturegentleramps the inner shaded patio of the lower ground floor is connected to the Entrance in the upper ground floor, Thus achieving maximum accessibility as is appropriate for the special needs of users of the building
Figure 3.2 (e) view to building from entrance
The building divides the site into new topographies. This allowed the design of two ground floors on two different levels, interlocking with each other, as an integral part of the building
Figure 3.2 (d) level play in section
INFERENCE 1: INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN LEVELS
INFERENCE 2: VOLUMES AND CONNECTION
Figure 3.2 (g) image of swimming pool
3.2 BEIT HALOCHEM REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
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Figure 3.2 (f) circulation between spaces
Figure 3.2 (h) engagement spaces
The only double volume buildings are the one containing the sports hall and the swimming pool The yellow path shows the clear bridged connection between all the buildings. This allows for the creation of an ever changing external internal and permeable environment.
3.2
The “rocks” accommodate intimate and quiet functions, whereas the negative space between them creates gathering areas, and defines the circulation in the building The alignment of these rocks, combined with the thin horizontal roof which hovers between them, creates an inviting and protected courtyard.
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 40
Figure 3.2 (j) elevation view from road
INFERENCE 3: THE NEGETIVE IN BETWEEN
Figure 3.2 (k) negative spaces image
BEIT HALOCHEM REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
Figure 3.2 (l) negative space in plan
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INFERENCE 4: HORIZONTAL CANTILEVERS:
Ramps are used throughout the project for easier accessibility and have a defining character They are loud gestures and are not pushed into one corner as a compromise
Figure 3.2 (m) ramp as circulation
3.2
BEIT HALOCHEM REHAB CENTER (SECONDARY STUDY)
Figure 3.2 (l) horizontal cantilevers and ramps
The use of the horizontal roof is not only aesthetic but also functional. The project lies in the hot Negev desert which makes two things absolutely compulsory; Thick walls to provide shelter against the climate Light material roof and overhangs, solid / louvred to protect interior areas and create shaded exterior.
INFERENCE 5: CIRCULATION:
Total Built up Area : 3321 sq.mt
3.3 MUKTANGAN DE-ADDICTION CENTER (PRIMARY STUDY)
LOCATION: PUNE, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
BASIC ClimateINFO::
Total area: 0 9 acres
Total Area : 0 9 acres
Tropical wet and dry climate
Total No. of Floors : G+2
ARCHITECT: SHERISH BERI
Average temperatures ranging between 20 and28 °C (68 and 82 °F)Moderate rainfall and temperatures ranging from 22 to 28 °C (72 to 82 °F).
TOTAL AREA: 2221 SQM
YEAR OF COMPLETION: 1986
Parking : No designated parking space
Figure location and context
3.3 (a)
Total Floors: G+2
Total capacity : The center was designed for 50 beds but it is now being used for 100 120beds which is double.
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3.3 MUKTANGAN DE-ADDICTION CENTER (PRIMARY STUDY)
• The absence of a visual barrier from the reception to the other areas makes other spaces easily visible
• The private spaces like meditation room in the front area makes it permeable to all kinds of traffic.
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LAYOUT CONCEPT
Figure 3.3 (b) plan and zoning
Figure 3.3 (c) hierarchy and space distribution
Muktangan institute comprises of a very fight and introvert planning. An amphitheatre is centrally located with the counseling rooms and the waiting area located radially around it.
• The basic plan is a radial layout with a central open space allowing diffused light in to the reception area
Figure 3.3 (f) site circulation
The institute is built on a site area of 1 5 acres with a built up of 1660sq mts It is a Sloping site with black cotton soil, A dry nala is located on the south side of the site. The sites lopes towards the nala
Site is sloping towards nalla which is at west side
Budling is place diagonally with east west orientation
ZONING
East comer width : 6 00m wide
• South west :Nala.
IMMEDIATE SURROUNDINGS
Semi public spaces and private spaces trap between service area and public spaces. Because of that they didn't provide service vehicular axis till service area Private spaces such as residential facilities and library, gymnasium. Has view of greenery which flourished in bank of nala, and rare part of site itself
• South east residential plot
TOPOGRAPHY
ORIENTATION
• North west: residential plot.
ACCESS ROAD
Figure 3.3 (e) site access and slope
SITE
• North east :6.00 m wide Arterial access road.
Figure 3.3 (e) site zones
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The institute is built on a site area of 1.5 acres with a built up of 1660sq mt on ground floor
3.3 MUKTANGAN DE-ADDICTION CENTER (PRIMARY STUDY)
INTRODUCTION TO SITE
East comer width : 6.00m wide
Figure 3.3 (d) site section w.r.t. to slope
Figure 3.3 (i) Introverted quality of building via section
• Inward looking form with controlled visual exposure with exterior. By means of terraces and windows .
3.3 MUKTANGAN DE-ADDICTION CENTER (PRIMARY STUDY)
• Terraces and balconies are most happening spaces in entire design
Figure 3.3 (h) basic location of functions
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Figure 3.3 (g)
CONCEPT:
A balance has been brought between the sense of freedom and the disciplinary action of the institute the environment needed to be one where the patient could open up and feel Hence the basic concept of planning was governed by these two factors
• Physical interaction carried by amphitheatre, terraces act, as medium for visual interaction. thereby reducing isolated alienated feeling.
3.3 MUKTANGAN
Figure (j) ground floor plan
3.3
Figure (k) first floor plan
Figure (m) activity pie chart DE-ADDICTION CENTER (PRIMARY STUDY)
Table 3.1 (a) ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 46
3.3
3.3
Figure (l) second floor plan
Admin/consultancy Meditation room Dining space General ward Service area LibraryToiletsOpenGeneralConsultancyToiletsOpenGeneralConsultancyToiletswardareawardarea
3.3
PRIVACY ISSUE TO RADIAL LAYOUT
USE OF LIGHT AND VENTILLATION
Figure
• Building is oriented on east west axis for better light and ventilation Natural lighting is extensively used from east and west side by providing cut and courtyard.
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EAST
• The radial layout in the central area becomes disadvantages especially because all the other activities are connected through this area
• When on enters the lobby, they are exposed to all other functions.
• Courtyard planning is simple design strategy that enhances daylight arability in every room.
WEST
ENGAGEMENT FACTOR
• Building is porous on east west axis, because of this good light and ventilation is happen
Figure 3.3 (n) 3.3 (o)
3.3 MUKTANGAN DE-ADDICTION CENTER (PRIMARY STUDY)
• Courtyard planning is most suited for Pune climate and provides pleasant outdoor environment while improving indoor comfort
The transparency, the cutouts, the balconies and seating areas encourage the patient to open up.
Figure 3.3 (p)
Due to the provision of high compound wall for external security an unrestricted freedom has been achieved with the flowing forms and semi open spaces There is always a danger of a patient running away, so wall height is more than 3m,which acts a shield from escaping. Of Healingvisitors. rubble stone, with landscaping in the Amphitheatre, creates a natural environment, enabling better healing
Figure 3.3 (q) location of meditation hall
MEDITATION ROOM
3.3 MUKTANGAN DE-ADDICTION CENTER
Figure 3.3 (s) Meditation session in Amphi theater
The diffused lighting provided in the meditation room provides a great healing space through the walls are exposed to east and west and absence of any big openings and the ceiling offsetted lighting creates a serene atmosphere. The areas like meditation room are for a private use only, but it falls in to the public zone and the entry to it is also through the public area making it less private.
Figure 3.3 (r) light play in meditation hall
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(PRIMARY STUDY)
Figure 3.3 (t) Entrance
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Figure 3.3 (v) passages
Figure 3.3 (x) sleeping dorms
3.3 MUKTANGAN DE-ADDICTION CENTER (PRIMARY STUDY)
Figure 3.3 (u) amphi theatre
Figure 3.3 (w) Entrance
Table 3.4 (c) Material and Circulation comparative study
GROOT KIMMENDEL (SECONDARY CASE STUDY)
PHOTO REFERENCE AREA 14,000 SQM 18000SQM 6070 SQM FUNCTION MENTAL HEALTH REHAB WAR VETERAN REHAB DRUG REHABADDICTION
Arhem, Netherlands. City outskirts inside a forest
60
LAYOUT TYPE Radial LEARNINGS of natural light and Interconnectioncolors with Hierarchynature of spaces
Source: by author
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LOCATION AND CONTEXT
60 120
Beer Sheva, Israel. City outskirts near a rail yard India. City centre near local residency.
Source: By author
Pune,
CAPACITYACCOMODATION 80
MUKTANGAN (PRIMARY CASE STUDY)
activity
BEIT HALOCHEM (SECONDARY CASE STUDY)
Open/built relationship Drama of treatmentCirculationspacesspaces Spacesspaces.Creatingfreedom.disciplinebetweenandengagementthatpromote
Table 3.4 (b) Overall comparative study
Use
PROJECT
Rectangular Organic
Balance
3.4 COMPARITIVE CHARTS
3.4 COMPARITIVE CHARTS
Source: by author
Table 3.4 (d) Openings comparative study
Source: by author
Table 3.4 (d) Form and Space Connectivity comparative study
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 51
ii. ‘Healing Spaces’ literature study
i. Kinesthetics in architecture
Literature studies and data
Chapter 4
iii. Interview with therapist from ‘Muktangan De addiction Center’
iv. Survey data from ‘Mind care De addiction center.’
figure 4.1 (a) kinesthetic approach flowchart
4.1 KINESTHETICS IN ARCHITECTURE
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Constructed spaces have the ability to influence the lives of people living in those spaces for good or bad They have the potential to influence the user's experience This can be done by choreographing each area in a building in order to give a person different perceptions when going through those areas. We experience any visual frame as we pass through a built space and view it in relation to the neighboring frame At the same time, we do not simply see them when moving via a space, but even our senses are also engaged in the space perception process. They are driving our front ward motion unintentionally and our unintentional pauses. As we pass through a construction, we see the various of the building unfold One needs to decipher the various layers that articulate these spaces in order to address the kinesthetic factor. The order of spaces not only controls the direction of motion and the pattern of motion, but also indicates that an individual pauses or continues.
“…Kinesthesia is the exploration of our environment through movement; this can be movement with the eyes or with our body…”
SPATIAL FRAME:
SPATIAL ELEMENT:
figure 4.1 (c) Gandhi Ashram main entry
SPATIAL ORGANIZATION:
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• E.g.. here square module and pitch roof becomes module So, afterimage becomes quite predictable. So, focal points such as courtyards becomes precisely choreographed spatial frames
• It allows the user to relate to spatial frames
4.1 KINESTHETICS IN ARCHITECTURE
• The views seen from pause points are frames.
• Multiplication of such elements adds to complexity of the building
• A spatial feature that regulates the vertical transition between two horizontal plane.
• Relativity between these frames leads to smooth flow of motion.
figure 4.1 (b) Gandhi Ashram movement plan
figure 4.1 (d) courtyard as an element
• Should include versatile spatial organization, like pause, deviate and ponder.
• inter relativity between these frames is very important
• Can be achieved it by breaking motion into smaller parts
• conscious of movement of pattern of motion.
• Axis a line that separates spaces and space can be organized on the basis of it
• Transformation in a singular form, shifts [18]
figure 4.1 (f) jawahar kala Kendra scale
• The motion in symmetrical spaces is more rhythmic as well.
4.1 KINESTHETICS IN ARCHITECTURE
Spatial Organization:
Table 4.1 (e) Gandhi ashram frame
4.1 (g) Humanyum’s tomb interior
• provided an axis.
• Datum a form that binds other elements of space
• Variations in scale is an important factor on kinesthetic.
Spatial Symmetry:
variationsfigure
• It allows an individual to pause or step forward
• Allows a person to maintain concentration in a building between the various spatial frames,
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• Rhythm a patterned recurrence.
• Acts as a servant element directing the movement and the focal point.
Organizational Element:
• Hierarchy If, by its size or its placement, a form is given more importance than others then hierarchy exists
• Forms strong connection by being a dominant factor
figure 4.2 (c) psychology of colors figure 4.2 (d) collage by author (e) light and shadow play (f) collage by author (g) warm colored material use (i) collage by author
Raw, exposed, warm. Materials true
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figure 4.2
4.2 ‘HEALING SPACES’ BOOK REVIEW
TYPOLOGY OF COLOURS
LAYOUT OF ROOM:
figure 4.2 (m)
MATERIALS: to its nature
TANGIBLE ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE IN HEALING
FORM/SHAPE OF ROOM:
For instances blue color of walls in a hospital results in reduction of aggression levels of the patients
SCALE OF ROOM
figure 4.2
SLOPE:
LIGHTING: Natural light leads to faster recovery versus poor natural light leads to fatigue and depression
figure 4.2 (b) collage by author
Size of room affects our mental health For instances, bigger the size of the room more the feeling of discomfort and less social interaction If the size of the room will be very small then there also will be discomfort maybe because it is overcrowded, because of such space the social interaction will also be very less, thus size of the room should be made according to agronomics otherwise will create a feeling of discomfort
When a person climbs up the surface, negative acceleration is induced and person feels the fatigue provoking sadness When a person goes down the slope, positive acceleration is induced as person feels exhilaration and thus provoking joy
figure 4.2 (l)
figure 4.2 (a) zen garden pathways
Right angle is a key feature in our built environment, this recti linearity makes a person feel constrained As nature is non rectilinear, so the form/shape of the room or living space should also be organic
figure 4.2
figure 4.2 (k)
SENSORY ENVIRONMENT: Deals with the relaxation and calmness of all the five senses, the peacefulness of these senses help in contributing towards healing
When people suffering from PTSD were asked about the layout, they said they prefer circular layouts than square layouts as it there is more space in circular layout of then room. In square or rectilinear layouts, the field of view is restricted because of the corners of the room. Whereas, in circular layout the field of view is infinite without any restrictions
figure 4.2 (j)
figure 4.2
Red and Yellow are often associated with excitement and engagement
Legibility is the ease of understanding the spaces in the spatial configuration
figure 4.2 (o)
Clarity and comprehensibility of spaces in buildings is called coherence of spaces
COMPLEXITY OF SPACES:
“Inclusive” architecture refers to any space that can be seamlessly used by all the user groups possible in that particular context
LEGIBILITY OF SPACES:
figure 4.2 (t)
figure 4.2 (u)
Positive distraction or good distraction needs to be created when people want to relieve their stress or are disburdening themselves by talking to a therapist This can be done when their focus shifts from the particular problem to something else like a piece of art, a soothing table top, fountain etc
figure 4.2 (w)
figure 4.2 (p) 4.2 (q)
POSITIVE DISTRACTON THROUGH SPACES:
COHERENCE IN SPACES:
Also when there is very less complexity in a space the space becomes very monotonous and legibility of the space decreases, this also leads to stress
Complexity refers to the variety and diversity in Whenspaces
Thus, the spaces should be adequately complex, this will reduce the basic stress of human beings
figure 4.2 (v)
figure 4.2 (s)
INCLUSIVE ARCHITECTURE:
Objective of truly inclusive design must be to make these spaces as barrier free and convenient to use as Inclusivepossible spaces also have the potential to enable and empower users [19]
Regular geometric shapes of building, views of the external environment make a space more legible Thus legible spaces reduce stress of people in an environment
figure 4.2 (n)
figure
INTANGIBLE ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE IN HEALING
figure 4.2 (r)
there is lot of complexity in a space then confusion is created and this leads to stress
Stress occurs when there are incoherent spaces, which are generally created when size, texture, colour and other design elements have a sudden shift adjacent to other design elements. Coherent spaces can reduce stress levels
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4.2 ‘HEALING SPACES’ BOOK REVIEW
•Rarely receives loving and confiding behavior from the parents & siblings
•The family should try and lead a normal life within the circumstances
•It is important to play a vigilant role in case the patient slips back to addiction
Q: Do you think the design of a space could facilitate a non hierarchical relationship? Like being in the same chairs or on the same level physically?
We at Muktangan believe that it is largely the patients’ self defeating thoughts and resulting feelings and actions that sabotage their lives. Many of our recovering patients share that it is their “thinking” rather than “using” that leads towards or away from the “first drink”.
“A rehabilitation center helps addicts in the recovery process. The centers usually have an outlined residential program. Use of discipline, creative & constructive routines and psychological treatment methods are the salient features of the centers. The addicts are helped to analyze themselves, confront defensive behavior and learn coping patterns. The duration of the patient’s stay may vary from 34 days to 6 months.”
1.Addicts are bad, misbehaved, lazy or useless people
•Diminishing love, respect and trust of the spouse
•They need to accept that the addict is ill, and should accompany him for treatment like any other patient
•Hatred, fear, anxiety and distress expressed by the children”
What are the interpersonal problems caused by addiction?
“The most common problems faced by an addict are related to love:
•They need to play a remedial role as prescribed by the counsellor
What is addictive thinking?
•Changing their thinking, feeling and behavior patterns is necessary
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4.3 INTERVIEW
3.People who do not abuse/drink continuously, that is throughout the day, don’t have a problem”
2.Addicts should not be treated unless they are violent or fall in gutters and create problems in social setting
What are the common misunderstandings about addiction?
What is the role of family members?
What does a rehabilitation center do?
“Could be. I sometimes will sit on the floor in order to be lower than the patient, so I'm less threatening, or at least that's my intent to be smaller, lower down.”
Role of family members/caregivers in helping the addict is very crucial.
figure 4.3 (b) drug treatment and care process
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MEDICAL STAFF: Visiting doctor (1) PhysicianPsychiatristdoctor (1) Counsellors (15) Nurse (15)
Q: What kind of space do you need to carry out a successful session?
Q: What resources besides therapy and physical therapy do you suggest for patients? (include all resources applicable, even if they are case specific, I am looking for ways to expand my project program beyond the resources I already know of). And what are the best pairings of resources? (i.e. therapy + "PT)Interoception. That's an important skill that patients can re develop in therapy or in trainings or in hobbies before, during, or after therapy. Anything that includes movement“
4.3 INTERVIEW
Q: Is there any hierarchy between patients and therapist?
NON MEDICAL STAFF: Security Cleaning(2)staff (2) Cooking staff (3) Receptionist (1) Medical Director (1) Accountant (1) Yoga trainer Occupational(2)therapist (1) In house manager (1)
“that is the last thing they need. Even though we follow a disciplined routine, there is no hierarchy. We call each other on first name basis and even Bhai sometimes and sit with the same level and even have sessions on the floor to stay grounded"
figure 4.3 (a) schedule followed by in patients
“a quiet and calm space will do, also maybe looking over a river or nature if have the luxury. (laughs)“
16 3115%304546%4639%60 AGE GROUP 16-30 31-45 46-60 26% 13% 14%42%5% SOCIO ECONOMIC CLASS UPPER UPPER- MIDDLE LOWER-MIDDLE UPPER-LOWER LOWER 17%41%17%25% MARITAL STATUS UNMARRIED MARRIED DIVORCED WIDOWED More vulnerable to social and economical problems but still able to afford the substance ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 60
This could be due to increased prevalence among males
Most vulnerable age group, tend to face lot of stress.
4.4 SURVEY 98% 2% GENDER MALE FEMALE 63% 9% 2% 26% OCCUPATION SKILLED PROFESSIONAL STUDENT UNEMPLOYED17%24%27% 32% EDUCATION
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF PARTICIPANTS
Businessmen and the service class population carry high risk of Substance Persons in these groups need to maintain social relations and Substances act as a media for interaction
PRIMARY SECONDARY HIGHSCHOOL GRADUATE
.
It may be explained on the basis that illiterate and lower socio economic groups have less purchasing power whereas low rate in higher educated persons may be due to more awareness of the harmful effects and inhibitions.
62%11%23% 4% TYPE OF ADDICTION ALCOHOL GANJA TOBACCO OPIUM 4.4 SURVEY PATTERN AND OTHER FACTORS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE. 39% 26% 30% 5% REASON TO TRY FAMILY PROBLEMS PEER GROUP STRESS INFLUENCE 60% 34% 6% WHO INSPIRED FOR REHAB FAMILY FRIEND SELF 1% 62% 1% 36% FIRST TIME DEALER COLLEAUGE FRIEND RELATIVE SELF 84% 16% IMPROVEMENT YES NO In Indian settings we can infer that alcohol; is the commonest Substance of abuse followed by Outtobacco.ofthem very few had sought for treatment, which is a major concern Difference between people starting to use Substances on their own(36%) v/s people visiting rehab by self inspiration(6%) is huge. ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 61
About site And Analysis
i.
Site zone and T.P. scheme
Site analysis
ii.
iii.
Site Introduction
Chapter 5
figure 5.1 (b)
figure 5.1 (a)
SITE SELCTION CRITERIAS
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Site is located near Karai dam which falls in Chiloda district under AUDA. It is accessible to both Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar. The noticeable feature is the surrounding natural elements and quiet and calm context
5.1 SITE INTRODUCTION 1. ACCESSBILE TO BOTH MAJOR CITIES; Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar 2. BALANCE between Inclusion and Isolation 3. SECURITY 4. CALM AND SERENE environment
figure 5.1 (c) site location with natural terrain
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figure 5.1 (d)
1 2
5.1 SITE INTRODUCTION
figure
figure 5.1 (e) IMAGE 2 5.1 (g)
figure 5.1 (f) IMAGE 1
figure 5.2 (b) figure 5.2 (c) 5.2 (e)
5.2 (a) Site map and context
SITE ACCESS AND CONTEXT
SITE AND NEARBY LANDMARKS PHOTOS
figure 5.2 (d) figure
figure
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5.2 SITE ANALYSIS
5.2 SITE ANALYSIS
figure 5.2 (f) figure 5.2 (g) figure 5.2 (h) OPEN V/S BUILTOPEN V/S BUILT NATURAL ACCESSIBILITYELEMENTS ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 66
Police patrolling and the prohibition to access in certain regions adds to the already necessary security
figure 5.2 (k)
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5.2 SITE ANALYSIS
2. CALM AND SERENE ENVIRONMENT.
The site is mostly isolated from the context except from one side which is visually connected to the neighboring residences
figure 5.2 (i)
figure 5.2 (j)
figure 5.2 (l)
1. ACESSIBILITY TO BOTH MAJOR CITIES, ie AHMEDABAD AND GANDHINAGAR
4. SECURITY;
3. BALANCE; between inclusion and isolation.
The site is exposed to strong south winds without any obstacle The river in the south helps bring in cool wind onto the site The site also enjoys calm stream sounds on either side.
5.3 SITE ZONE AND AUDA T.P. SCHEME
figure 5.3 (b)
figure 5.3 (a)
ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 68
ZONE TYPE: Residential affordable housing zone (RAH) MINIMUM F.S.I.- 1.8
MAXIMUM PERMISEABLE F.S.I 2,7
User and area program analysis User and area program
Chapter 6
i.
figure 6.1 (a) illustration for user group classification
6.1
figure (b) sketch depicting abstract function distribution (c)
6.1 USER PROGRAM
basic function and zoning ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 70
figure 6.1
6.1 USER PROGRAM Table 6.1 (a) program area table TOTAL AREA= 5002 SQ.MT. TOTAL AREA + STRUCTURE= 5351.5 SQ.MT ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 71
Chapter 7 DESIGN PROCESS i. Phase 1 ii. Phase 2 iii. Phase 3 ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 72
Phase 1:
Basic zoning and ideas were developed in this stage. Use of elements, levels and curves is figured out. Moreover response to climate and context is taken as driving factors while doing so author)
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Figure 8 1 (by
7.1 Design Process PHASE 1
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7.1 Design Process PHASE 1
LEVEL DIFFERENCES overlooking(formingspaces)
CURVED and organic spaces
RAMP as an ‘Element’ (main betweencirculationalllevels)
7.1 Design Process PHASE 1 ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 75 Few conceptual models were made for elements, level play, surfaces, organic approach ,etc. 1. When surface is curved introvertly. 2. When the surface is curved extrovertly 3. When multiplied curved surface built spaces are composed to form an organic area 4. When reverse curved surface with open terraces is made
7.2 Design Process PHASE 2
Here, a more similar language and spaces and furniture layout was thought of More sectional and spatial connections to context and other built masses.
Phase 2:
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7.2 Design Process PHASE 2
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7.2 Design Process PHASE 2
7.3 Design Process PHASE 3
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7.3 Design Process PHASE 3
Previous options lacked a sense of discipline ‘Freedom+Discipline’ concept is carried out Forms remain organic but center of space and openings giving a focal point is thought of. The zoning is changed and arranged following and axis derived by locating view points.
Phase 3:
8 The Design i. Conceptual diagrams ii. Design inferences iii. Design strategies iv. Final design drawings and views v. Model images
Chapter
“I like a room with a lot of daylight, plants, cozy warm colors, a couch, basically homey environment where people can e very comfortable.”
8.1 DESIGN CONCEPT
“It matters how it feels for the person.”
“ I think stigma makes it harder for people to ask for help.”
“I think its helpful if the room is quiet.”
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8.2 DESIGN INFERENCES
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8.3 DESIGN STRATAGIES
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SECTION BB’
SECTION AA’
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SECTION DD’
SECTION CC’
8.4 DESIGN
WALL SECTION EE’ ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 91
PARKING RECEPTION/ADMIN
3D
MEDICAL ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 92 ACCOMODATION
VIEW OF INPATIENT ACCOMODATION
AUDITORIUM LIBRARY
8.4 DESIGN
SPORTS HALL HALLMEDITATION
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8.4 DESIGN
ELEVATION A
VIEW FROM INSIDE MEDITATION HALL
3D VIEW OF MEDITAION HALL
2 POINT HUMAN EYE VIEW FROM ENTANCE
8.5 MODEL IMAGES ANANT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | THESIS TOPIC : NAVNIRVAN SUBSTANCE ABUSE REHAB CENTER | DHRUVI THAKKAR 94
8.5 MODEL IMAGES
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1. Introduction Drug addiction (substance use disorder) Symptoms and causes Mayo Clinic
96
3. https://www.vibesofindia.com/gujarat sees spike in young substance abusers/ 4. https://hopetrustindia.com/blog/udta gujarat/ 5. Best Rehabilitation Centre in Ahmedabad, India | Zorbacare
14. https://www.architectural review.com/today/rehabilitation centre groot by architectenbureau koen van velsen klimmendaal arnhem the netherlands
17. https://www.archdaily.com/126119/beit halochem rehabilitation center kimmel eshkolot architects
2. Pravara Med Rev 2009 (RESEARCH PAPER)
12. https://www.archdaily.com/126290/rehabilitation centre groot klimmendaal koen van velsen
BIBLIOGRAPHY
19. ‘HEALING SPACES’ by Esther Strenberg
7. https://www.scitechnol.com/scholarly/drug rehabilitation journals articles ppts list.php
15. https://kudesignhealthwellness.files.wordpress.com/2015/01/beit halochem rehabilitation center.pdf
6. Rehabilitation (who.int)
16. http://www.amitgeron.com/project_photos.php?id=74
11. Alcohol & Drug Rehab Near Me | Inpatient Rehab at The Recovery Village
18. https://issuu.com/ijraset/docs/33194
8. https://www.michaelshouse.com/drug rehab/ 9. https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/Substance addiction/signs Substance addiction/ 10. Alcohol & Drug Rehab Near Me | Inpatient Rehab at The Recovery Village
13. https://highnewtechblog.wordpress.com/2015/11/19/rehabilitation centre groot klimmendaal/
Source: Google earth Figure 3.2 (b) view from entrance Source: image credit to Amit Geron Figure 3.2 (c) plan section
Figure 3.1 (g) colorful and voided circulation space
Source: image credit to Amit Geron Figure 3.2 (h) engagement spaces
Source: therecoveryvillage.com figure 2.5 (b) process of in patient rehab program
Source: By author figure 2.1 (b) addiction and its consequences
Source: nayajeevanircaahmedabad.org figure 2.4 (a) illustration depicting restoration of mind Source: asme.org figure 2.4 (b) illustration depicting drug addiction source: istock.com figure 2.4 (c) how rehabilitation works
Source: firstpost.com figure 2.2 (b) excerpt from a news article Source: timesofindia.com figure 2.2 (c) excerpt from a news article Source: firstpost.com figure 2.2 (d) excerpt from a news article
Source: archdaily Figure 3.1 (o) natural light positions Source: archdaily Figure 3.1 (p) color palette Source: by author Figure 3.1 (q) use of color in corridors Source: architectural review.com Figure 3.1 (r) use of bright colors in engagement spaces Source: architectural review.com Figure 3.2 (a) location
Figure 3.1 (n) natural light positions
Source: Thesis work of Shafiya Rizwan Figure 3.2 (g) image of swimming pool
Figure 3.1 (f) visual connection of indoor outdoor
Source: By author figure 2.3 (b) Alpha Healing Center, Baroda, Gujarat Source: aaa.works figure 2.3 (c) Veda Rehab Center, Ahmedabad, Gujarat Source: vedawellness.world figure 2.3 (d) Mindcare De addiction Center, Ahmedabad,Gujarat Source: justdail figure 2.3 (e) Naaya Jeevan IRCA
Figure 3.1 (h) Light wells/voids from roof to ground and upper levels
Figure 3.1 (e) full height glazed lounge space
Source: By author figure 2.1 (c) transforming negativity to positivity Source: istockphoto.com figure 2.2 (a) statistical data
Source: hopetrustindia.com figure 2.2 (f) excerpt from a news article Source: hopetrustofindia.com figure 2.2 (g) Ahmedabad iconography Source: zobracare.com figure 2.3 (a) group classification
Source : By author
Source: nayajeevanircaahmedabad.org figure 2.3 (f) Kalarav CPLI
Source: inhabitat.com
Source: By author figure 2.5 (a) explanation of an inpatient rehab center
Figure 3.1 (l)façade treatment\
Source: Archdaily
Source: by author
Source: highnewtechblog.wordpress.com
Source: nayajeevanircaahmedabad.org figure 2.3 (f) Umang ODIC
Source: archdaily Figure 3.2 (e) view to building from entrance Source: image credit to Amit Geron Figure 3.2 (f) circulation between spaces
Figure 3.1 (c) plan zoning indication of Groot Klimmendaal Rehab center
Figure 3.1 (j) continuous staircase in section
Figure 3.1 (a) location and context pictures of Groot Klimmendaal Rehab center
LIST OF FIGURES
Source: image credit to Amit Geron Figure 3.2 (l) negative space in plan Source: Thesis work of Shafiya Rizwan Figure 3.2 (j) elevation view from road Source: image credit to Amit Geron Figure 3.2 (k) negative spaces image Source: image credit to Amit Geron Figure 3.2 (l) horizontal cantilevers and ramps Source: Thesis work of Shafiya Rizwan Figure 3.2 (m) ramp as circulation Source: Thesis work of Shafiya Rizwan Figure 3.3 (a) location and context Source: By author Figure 3.3 (b) plan and zoning Source: shirishberi.com Figure 3.3 (c) hierarchy and space distribution Source: by author Figure 3.3 (e) site access and slope Source: by author Figure 3.3 (d) site section w.r.t. to slope Source: by author Figure 3.3 (e) site zones Source; by author Figure 3.3 (f) site circulation Source: by author Figure 3.3 (g) Source: istock.com Figure 3.3 (h) basic location of functions Source: by author Figure 3.3 (i) Source: by author Figure 3.3 (j) ground floor plan Source: by author Figure 3.3 (k) first floor plan Source: by author Figure 3.3 (l) second floor plan Source: by author Figure 3.3 (m) activity pie chart Source: by author Figure 3.3 (n) Source: shirishberi.com Figure 3.3 (o) Source: shirishberi.com Figure 3.3 (p) Source: by author Figure 3.3 (q) location of meditation hall Source: by author Figure 3.3 (r) light play in meditation hall Source: by author Figure 3.3 (s) Meditation session in Amphi theater Source: sherishberi.com
Figure 3.1 (k) continuous seamless visual connection
Source: vibesofindia.com figure 2.2 (e) excerpt from a news article
Source: archdaily Figure 3.1 (i) Continuous staircase
Source: therecoveryvillage
Source: google earth
Source: By author
Source: inhabitat.com
figure 1.1 Introduction iconography Source: kit.org figure 1.3 (a) necessity for awareness Source: iass potsdam.de figure 1.3 (b) statistical data table of Gujarat’s addiction Source: timesofindia.com figure 1.3 (c) likely conditions of rehab in Ahmedabad Source: Naaya Jeevan De addiction center figure 2.1 (a) introduction to substance addiction
Source: archdaily Figure 3.2 (d) level play in section
97
Figure 3.1 (d) zoning indication of Groot Klimmendaal Rehab center
Source: architectural review.com
Figure 3.1 (b) Groot Klimmendaal Rehab center map Source: deezen.com
Source: architectural review.com
Source: Google figure 4.2 (l)
Source: google figure 4.2 (n)
Source: google figure 4.2 (w)
Source: Google figure 4.2 (e) light and shadow play
Source: by author figure 5.3 (a)
Source: openstreetmap.com figure 5.1 (b)
figure 4.3 (a) schedule followed by in patients Source by author figure 4.3 (b) drug treatment and care process
Source: auda.org
98
Source: by author figure 5.2 (d)
Source: Google figure 4.2 (g) warm colored material use
Source: by author figure 5.2 (j)
Source: by author figure 5.2 (l)
Source: by author figure 5.2 (c)
Source: google figure 4.2 (t)
Source: by author figure 5.1 (a)
Source: Google figure 4.2 (c) psychology of colors
Figure 3.3 (t) Entrance Source: shirishberi.com Figure 3.3 (u) amphi theatre Source: shirishberi.com Figure 3.3 (v) passages Source: shirishberi.com Figure 3.3 (w) Entrance Source: shirishberi.com Figure 3.3 (x) sleeping dorms Source: shirishberi.com figure 4.1 (a) kinesthetic approach flowchart Source: ijrasat.com figure 4.1 (b) Gandhi Ashram movement plan Source: ijrasat.com figure 4.1 (c) Gandhi Ashram main entry Source: ijrasat.com figure 4.1 (d) courtyard as an element Source: ijrasat.com Table 4.1 (e) Gandhi ashram frame Source: ijrasat.com figure 4.1 (f) jawahar kala Kendra scale variations
Source: google
Source: by author figure 5.1 (e) IMAGE 2 Source: by author figure 5.1 (g)
Source: by author figure 5.2 (k)
Source: google figure 4.2 (v)
Source: google figure 4.2 (r)
Source: google figure 4.2 (o)
Source: google earth figure 5.1 (d)
LIST OF FIGURES
Source: by author figure 5.1 (f) IMAGE 1
Source: by author figure 5.2 (b)
Source: ijrasat.com figure 4.1 (g) Humanyum’s tomb interior figure 4.2 (a) zen garden pathways
Source: google figure 4.2 (s)
Source: google figure 4.2 (m)
Source: google figure 4.2 (u)
Source: by author figure 5.2 (h)
Source: by author figure 5.2 (e)
Source: by author figure 5.2 (a) Site map and context
Source: google figure 4.2 (p)
Source: by author figure 5.2 (i)
Source: google figure 4.2 (q)
Source: auda.org figure 5.3 (b)
Source: by author figure 5.2 (f)
Source: openstreetmap.com figure 5.1 (c) site location with natural terrain
Source: google figure 4.2 (b) collage by author figure 4.2 (d) collage by author figure 4.2 (f) collage by author figure 4.2 (i) collage by author figure 4.2 (j)
Source: Google figure 4.2 (k)
Source: by author figure 5.2 (g)
