Dharma Garden 173 (2010-09) by Texas JadeBuddhaTemple

Dharma Garden Bi-monthly

本期專題：人生的成績單

ֹҶᆨ࢔઼ӽ˷ࡿᔳ࢔࿝‫׃‬Նҥల႘ల႖˷ᥦҖ౒ӏ౒๬‫أ‬য୕ਜ˷ጌᏚᠧ ਓ˹٣অಧಧ‫ת‬Ӵक़࢔Ҏ๔ధࣛ˷ோᥦືା‫ׇ‬୆˷ԺҖᆨ᡽റന˹ᇼ࠰ә᡹ᔨ൳ ࢔൵֖˷٘ࡧ࢔֕ᣞࡧԠ˷ҫᇀࡼࡼ઼ԕ࢔Ӻଗࣛ˷ோԺᏚຍ࢔൵֖˷‫ৄץ‬ಶ‫ތ‬ ࡧࣛ࢔໺Ꮡ˷ቚᕵᎄຂຍਪ࢔ᇝद˷Ժ‫ݍ‬ԋಶ‫ތ‬റന‫˹תف‬፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱৄҔາॿ ࡧࣛ˷ఫҔ‫܅‬྿޳ߖ࢔չࡧ঵౒˷۶ჹಧᛑᑑዾԔ࢔Ҹ፽ࡧ૦˷ዂ‫؀‬չࡧ˷ᥦၱ ൵ோ‫ݧװؙ‬ӏ‫ץ࢔ט‬ᐗ˷ᖆ࣋བҶ˷ᤎክֈࡧ˹ ґ˸ҙԗ࿗˷፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱୠ‫ٴ‬ᄇᑑ‫ތ‬գ᥿ኀᡇ٘ᓥదࣾద࣒െႦࡧ૦˷ኹ̫ ᡽੨٘೵៯ාԑӲ౺࣑ၱ̬ฯᖧҖ፫ᚳࡧ૦˷ዂᚒ֒٘‫ৄ؀‬Ҹ൵ᚴ೧٘ࡧ˹ࡧ૦ ੽ಸ౧᠀ᓥ࢔݄ॎ˷ᅁየҖ֖‫࢔ߙ׼‬ൟྠ˷ԳӺҎຽ֖‫ߋ࢔ޱ‬ֆ˹ࡧ૦੽‫ݣ‬ನ ጩҸ൵ज़‫˷ظ‬Ⴠ෰ຽ֖‫ޱ‬ཋ۷ଗ˷‫੽۝‬ோನ‫࢔݋‬অӜጹ˾ཋᑘঅϊ̫ყ௖ನӏ Փ˷౧‫ؙ‬ၳᗂ‫܅੽۝˷̬ݍ‬ӽ෺٥࢔བກၳಕ‫׸‬፼ᗂٌ࢔ᅢུ‫ט׸˷੽۝‬Ҏರ ༇‫؎࢔ۑ‬ᙱๅ˷௹ᖸུ‫ࣇ࢔੽۝‬ൟ˹քຽࡧਵԳ̫Җ֖࢔؎ᙱๅ̬ৄಔផ˷ᛑ ᑑࡧ૦Ӻၱӹ੽˷Ӭ‫ٴ‬ಸӏ‫݄࢔ט‬ॎ˷ӏ‫࢔ט‬Җ֖ᒜᔘ˷ӏ‫࢔ט‬Җ֖࿛ধ˷‫ݳ‬ ࣇᅵӜጹঅҖ֖࢔؎ᙱๅ˹ ؎࣒অҎኂ฾ૼ˷ְঅҎኂᔘ༶˷ႆԗᥦ‫੽۝‬ჹᔘ‫ם‬ኂҖ‫࢔ݦ‬঴᜹˷Ӻ‫ם‬ኂ ൟᇷᙌᇟ࢔ൊᡠ˷ҫ፝ಱҔ‫੽۝‬੢ᇼօ‫ॺݳ‬ᓲ࢔ோਓ˹քຽࡧਵୠ‫ٴ‬Յ༩ਐӐ٘ ೵ၱٓ॰ᡬ‫ࡧ׸‬૦࢔٥ग̫ଖਐᇧ൬̬˷ԑธӐ೹੍Ҕ٘೵‫ת‬ਐ౲࢔ၺ࡬˷ԳӺ Ӑ౲٘೵‫ת‬ਐ౲࢔༪૙˼‫׺‬ᄼٌ࿗˷ҫ෻ᣞҔࡧ૦‫ת‬ਐ౲չࡧⶨᅤ᝗ᙳ࢔ԋᅤᔘ ༶˹ࡧ૦‫ؙ‬൞၆˸‫ؙ‬ᒺҝ˷ᠧٌோٌ˷ᠧۗோۗ˷ጨ‫ؙ̫‬ཀྵ᝖റനԗ˷ಧᅲ൨น ࢟˷ৄᗰ‫ٹװ‬ᠮ˷୒ᕵੈࣾ༶˹̬࢔ை៻ኹࠧੇ˹ ̣ҙҸҖ᡽ჹ̤Ӑየ˽̫ආҎ᡽૷˽ԫ࿗༇ಧ˼౲ҵ‫ו‬ே˷̬́˷᏷ᇷ˷ӡ ؆ಸ؆ࣆ࿕ߋ࢔‫׊‬ૡԡӁ់༪˷୊‫ࣜ˸ٶຸ˸ש‬୊Ҹ‫ש‬ᒟ˷‫ࣱތ‬៨ັҲ؆Ꮪୄກ ԡ˸Ԇ౺ັ޹࢔মⳚ‫ܣ‬ૐ˷Ӻ֕ཛ‫ؗن‬ሓᒄҵ֤য႓ᕟ˹ಸ٘೵࢔ᐗఉᦃ‫ݳ‬ৱ˷ ̫‫ؙץؙ‬ᐗ࿦ԫ࿗˷‫ؙץؙ‬ᐗԫ࿗࿦˷‫ؙץؙ‬ᐗ႓ԫ࿗˷‫ؙץؙ‬ᐗԫ࿗႓̬˹ӏ ٣‫ؙ‬ೆঅᐗఉ࢔˷ᓗԫ࿗ְ๽‫׸‬অ˷ՈॷҖኹ౒ࢅ˸໏ࢅ˸ᡟࢅӓ࿗˷ขঅ৯‫ݬ‬ Ә‫࢔׻‬ᠥࣲ˹‫੽۝‬ኹҸ‫ف‬༈ӓ࿗˷ઝঅ૵૵৯ᠥ࢔˷ӽ‫࢔ܣ‬༪֖˷Ӆঅ̫ࡃ̬࢔ ൟٌ˹նଗ‫ת‬ԕಧ֖঵Ӑ˷ৗ೉ᅚ႐˷၇ᣋᙌᇟ˷ᛌٰ‫ة‬ঌ˷ࣨᣋ֖ል˷ಸ̫ ‫̬ץ‬ңԎ˷ӌঅ۶ੜੁ࢔˹

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中國雲南上座部佛教史(三)

വହ

ௐˬౢāன΃⋒୉гડ۞Ңି ௐ˘༼āဃˠăҢъăҢ๰ăҢି͛ጯ ࿩इ⑝೿‫ש‬౗ҥ૩฀٘೵࢔ᆹҖ˷‫ץ‬೵ ষӏ‫ם˷ט‬ষᆹҖ༾ரެᆹᝐኃᖒข‫ࠏؙ‬૤ ‫˷ٴ‬ጨৄᡇ଴ެᙺដ˷ൟ‫ת‬ಕկᝄӲҸਣҥ Ӭ‫ؙ‬ӧ઄༾ர˽‫܈‬ᘉ˸ԝԮ˸࣒‫˸ط‬Ҹ࣒ ‫˸ط‬ᆹֈ࣒‫˸ط‬Ҹᆹֈ࣒‫̓ط‬ᆹඐጩ̔˹ ‫ם‬ரข‫ݬ‬ᆹҖ፽ᓥ˸ۜ៭༾ᅚᔘӵֽ˹ӏ ᅻҎ௖ᅰ֊Ճ‫࢔ݍ‬ᆹҖҸ‫װ‬ՠோӵ‫˷ط࣒ق‬ ‫߶׉‬ҥ࢔‫ם‬ர˷ՠ‫ྩؙ‬೿Ճ‫࢔ݍ‬ᆹҖӌ‫ؙ‬ᅚ ଴ᓿֽȧ˹ ࠋ۶ᝄๅ࠷Ҕ࢔Ӭৄէர˽‫༼ܭ‬Ҙ‫؀‬Գ क़˷ᓥඡ౺᜸ჹԑक़˷๬ࣼॎৄᆹ˷ኃৄ̫ ߩ̬Ȟ‫܈‬ᘉȟ˼ჹᅻᓥඡຖຠҔ౺ք࢔٘ᓥ࢘ ᠀˷ԭ؆ቋҕϽႆ˷ՔԳ‫ۜ݌ރޜ‬क़؎ৄ̫ ข̬ȞԝԮȟ˼ԝԮӐ٘ᓥ࢘᠀഻ิ˷ৄҖֈ ࢗ˷‫࣡ת‬૫Ӑ‫ؙ‬Ҏߖ࢔ह࣡˷ᇼ࢚ၱ‫ؙ‬ఈᡛ ࢔ՔԳӵ૩؎ৄ̫℠Ԇ̬Ȟҥ૩ࠋ࣒‫ط‬ȟ˼‫ׇ‬ َឋࢃலหల༾ர࢔ᆹҖኃৄ̫℠Ԇ≸̬˷ ‫پ‬หలர࢔࣒‫˷ط‬࿾ᖪ‫ؙ‬ҎْȨ˹ ‫ת‬࿩इ⑝೿‫ש‬౗˷‫ތऻܭ‬ϽႆճՖ˷๬ ֚ԣ։Ӻᖆᢩᚓٌ࿟ੜጽ؇˷ఏ࿁٘‫ࣼ؀‬ॎ ৄ‫܈‬ᘉ˷Ҹ‫װ‬ᅻҎধ༰ຽՃ૑֖঵˷༈क़๬ 2

೰ۜᛎ࣮˹෰౺࠰Ң઄ઝ‫˽ץ‬ҎঅՃ૑Շ፽ ՔԳྯॎᔘԹக‫˼׆‬ҕঅՃ૑Շ፽֗‫ݳ‬๗གྷ ԣ։ᒩܾӓ૴˷Ңঅؓຽ‫ۻ‬ᇸ‫ؙܕ‬ᓥଣ˷‫ܭ‬ ऻՃ૑ৄᆹक़ӌՔᓥ‫⑝ތ‬ԑ˸֊೿࿽ඐ࢘ ᠀˸٘ࡧᅳ൞˹‫ع‬ԭჀᅻެߛ࢔Җ˷ಕ‫ݳ‬ ‫ת‬૑૨ެ࢚ၱҥӌၱි๪ੜ˹ ֚‫܈‬ᘉ࿁‫ۜ݌ރޜ‬क़˷‫ৄپ‬ԝԮ˷‫؟ת‬ ࿛ধ‫׸‬ோ॰ۜެᓥඡჹᑘ˷गᓥܿ‫ࣤ˷׶‬Ք ᓿֽ౺፮٘‫ٓ؀‬॰˷൦‫ؙ‬ᅫల࢚ၱ‫ރ˹ْש‬ ‫݌‬ᆹ៭Ͻႆ˷਍ҢϽႆճՖ˷ࣤՔ‫ޜ‬೥᝝ ৄҥ૩ࠋ࣒‫˷ط‬٣‫ץ‬इ࿽٘೵ข‫ؙ‬༰ຽՃ ૑ඡ࣮˷ՔԳ೰ۜᛎ࣮˹ࠏԳҎւිӵৄ ҥ૩ࠋ࣒‫˷ط‬༇ୠ଻ઝ‫ץ‬ӏಶᛎ࣮˹‫؟ץ‬ ‫׸‬၆ᛎ࣮˷‫ת‬ӵৄҥ૩ࠋ࣒‫˷ࣾط‬Ք೥᠒ ೡි೥᝝˹ ᠥ࠰⑝೿‫ש‬౗ҥ૩฀٘೵‫؀‬ద࢔‫ގ‬ॎ˷ ؓຽኈ൞Ӭৄէ઄༾ர˷หలҎரෞ‫ת‬՗ԥ ጩ̓ጩ‫̔ש‬ኃৄҸᙷ‫˷؀‬կঅඐጩ‫ׇَ‬ឋࢃ ல࢔ᙷ٘‫˼؀‬ආҕரෞϽҕ઄౗౴ӺҢϽӧ ઄‫ש‬Ԕᙷ٘‫˼؀‬ආҢர֚է઄Գҥ‫ۻ‬ᇸࠏ඗ ؎࢔յ᝖౻٘‫̓؀‬ԝԮዠۜ༾ጽ؇ࠏ֗̔˷ ኃৄӐԋ٘‫˼؀‬ห౺፮Ҏரঅᢩ࠰Ҏ઄‫ۻ‬ᇸ ࢔ᇸ٘‫˹؀‬ൟ‫࢔ת‬ኈ൞‫ގ‬ॎ˷অ೩֗٘೵‫ޓ‬ ၱެᙷ٘‫؀‬৯ཋ‫נ‬Ԕࡧ˷‫پ‬Գ‫˸؃‬ᕟ‫ނ‬ரӬ

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‫ٴ‬ෞ֨ᙷ٘‫˸؃֚˷؀‬ᕟ٘೵‫ޓ‬ၱኈ൞˼‫؃‬ ᕟᙷ٘‫؀‬ӓң˷অ‫؃‬ᕟࠏᢩ‫שם‬౗ᙷ٘‫˷؀‬ ‫پ‬Ӑԋ٘‫˷؀‬ขෞ‫ؙ‬յ᝖౻˷ኈ൞ңᢩէ˸ әࠏ‫ۻ‬ᇸ٘‫˼؀‬ห౺፮࢔অ‫ۻ‬ᇸ٘‫پ˷؀‬າ ෲᆹҖߝٓ˸ઈ॰˸೵Ӳ࣡൵˸ᚓᖧ٘‫࢔ݦ‬ ๔ࠏ˹⑝೿Җ‫܅‬Ҏ઄‫ۻ‬ᇸ๶Բข‫ؙ‬Ҏࠏ٘ ‫˷؀‬ᅫҸ࢔‫ۻ‬ᇸࠋ࿅᝿˷‫ࠋࠏނؙ‬Ңࠏ٘ ‫؀‬Գҥ˷ҫ‫ؙ‬৯ᒆ࢔๶઄Ҿ‫ۻ‬ᇸ˷‫ؙ׈‬Ҏ ࠏ٘‫˹࢔؀‬ Ҏ௖‫؀‬దขԝᅫკҾᝄ੟˷‫ۑ‬؇Ӭ‫܀ؙ‬ ᢲ؇˸૓ႈ؇˸‫܀‬ᢲ૓ႈഺ‫נ‬؇˹ᙷ٘‫؀‬ ԳҥෘᎶᅫҸ˷‫װ‬Ꭺৄ૓ႈ؇˹Ҹ‫װ‬Ꭺ٘ ‫؀‬էޯ๑Գკᙈ˷ ‫؎ۑ‬Ҏ઄࣒Ԕ‫࢔ۑ‬ ૨ద˹ԯੁॏᕓԳ ٘ႈৄԯ˷ႈӦՠ ‫޽ݱ‬Ҏ๪ᢌ੎‫خ‬հ ٘ᇀ˷‫ৄ؞‬ᆷࠍެ ᆹࢳ฀Ӭ˹‫٘ݧؙ‬ ‫؀‬ҫᕓ‫ؙ٘‬ჹࣟ˷ ৄ࠮ჿ٘ჹӓ֗˹ ٘‫؀‬Ӑԋෞ‫ؙ‬յ᝖ ౻˼Ҏ‫ݧ‬ᅫҸ࢔٘ ‫٘ת˷؀‬ႈճౄࠋ ࣾ੢ॏ‫ٶࢳؙ‬ဦ˹ َឋࢃல⑝೿‫ש‬౗˷অ‫װ؀‬ဦԂ˷٘ဦ Ӭ‫ؙ‬ๅဦ˸ឋဦެᄅဦ˼ల࢔ᅵᎪϽ‫˷ز‬Ҿ ࢔࿾ᎪԄ˷‫֗װ‬ᕇ֤৸؎˷թᎩԳ֤‫ح‬ဤ ଔ˷ࠋ‫ؙ‬៧༠Ӻྣ࣑˷ဦ‫ݍ‬০ৄᇷԋ˹٘ဦ Ҏ௖֚Ң฀Ӭ඗؎˷ဦ౺ৄէԔնգ˷Ӑ฀ ဦ‫ؙݍ‬ဠ‫˸ۑ‬ӧ݄‫˸ۑ‬ҙ݄‫ۑ‬༾˼ဦࣻ̓บ ฀̔‫ۑ‬؇‫ؙ‬ᚨഀ؇˸ᝢග؇˸ᤇሜ؇༾˼ဦ ౺Ӑԋ߶߶᝕‫˸ٶࢳؙ‬ჹ‫ࢅࡧ˸ޗ‬༾˷‫ݱ‬ᆹ ࣮࣡൵٥૳ၦ᜹५ӓ֗˹ ң੢ಕӢඒ⑝೿‫ש‬౗Ҏ‫؀٘࢔ןུݧ‬ኹ ٘ဦ˹

ඳ೩ъ ْ࠰፽‫َ⽂؃ھ‬ᕟ݀մ᝿˷‫ؙ؀ץ‬Ҏໆ Օራ‫ع‬ಶ‫˷ן‬অᜐයষ࢔‫˷ࣻן‬ॏ࠰റଗө ӤȧȬȭȫ؆˷ȧȮȦȯ؆ӺȧȮȧȬ؆ᜌॏ˷অ݀մ ࣨ‫׻‬ᅫ‫ڼ‬ᔁ࢔Ҏ૩Օ‫٘؀؟˹؀‬ႈৄ‫܀‬ᢲ૓ ႈഺ‫נ‬ॏᕓ˷෺ण‫ٴ‬ᐒ‫ޅ‬࿤˷Ӄ៯ንղ˷ᔴ ‫ރ‬ୠ‫˹و‬ႈӦᡏೣᔬᤋ˸ษዅ˸಴ᚇ༾˷๧ ᡀ౻১˷ᗄ‫˸ވ‬ᓞ༠༾ንਐ‫˷ܵظ‬ᕿ‫נ‬ቊ⑝ ԑӲንཱ˹

̂≸᝕ъ ْ࠰َឋࢃல≸୊ᕟҸ≸ᤋ˷ᓸየॏ࠰ ࠷ଗөӤȧȪȩȨ؆˷ ົჹᅻҢ‫؞‬ઈ⣲˹ ‫؀ׇ‬ӬৄҸႈ˸ᆹ ࢳ˸ᆷࠍҢ฀Ӭ˹ ‫٘ת‬ႈࣾౄ՟ॏ‫ؙ‬ ҎҾգ㞶˷‫޽ݱ‬ ٘‫ࣨ؀‬ᣋ஖Ӻ‫ש‬Ԕ ஖˹

તᅦҢъ ْ࠰َឋࢃல ຶমᕟध੖˷ᓸ የॏ࠰࠷ଗөӤ ȧȪȭȭ؆˷ӅჹᅻҢ‫؞‬ઈ⣲˹٘ႈ‫מَڧ‬ ࡂ˷ৄ‫ޅ‬ण૓ႈ؇ॏᕓ˷ႈӦ֗ϽӧନҸ ဠԘ঍Ԑ᎙˷ၸৄ፫ೲ˹Ֆৄۜ౻˷ႈक़ ৄᆹࢳ˹

̂၂Ңъ ْ࠰ज़ਧ‫ש‬౗ຶ݆ᕟधՊҎҾӁԮҥ˷ ৄຶ݆ҥ૩฀٘೵࢔ᙷ٘‫˷؀‬ॏ࠰റ࿬ࡲ ؆࿗̓ȧȬȪȪͷȧȬȬȦ̔˷֚Ҹႈ˸ۜ౻˸ᆹ ࢳ˸Ӻ‫ނ‬૩٘ဦሯ؎˹٘ႈৄҢੜᘩᤘሯ ෺˷թण‫ؙ‬Ӧ‫؀٘ש‬ॏᕓ੨଴˷ႈࣾ‫ؙ‬Ӂ ࣓Ҏᅳ˷ႈࣾჿ֤ႳҎᇼ˹‫؀‬Ӧ‫ނ‬૩٘ဦ 3

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‫ץ‬؆Թҩዾ˷ตฝጕਇᄘң֖࣒؎ᔎ˷‫ع‬ ؎ᔎՈဦ̓ճဦ̔˷ӺဦՈᔎ̓Ֆဦ̔˷ ࢢᢽ‫؎׈‬Ҏᥒ࢔޾ᦃ˹

̣ำъ ْ࠰፽‫َ⽂؃ھ‬ᕟ݀մ᝿˷‫ؙ࣓ࣾ؀ץ‬ әໆҸࣜᔎ˷࣒؆‫᥷ؙ‬ᄅ໋૵˷ዾഋ‫׸‬࿩˷ ॽಶ‫ן‬ә࿩‫˷؀‬Ⴠ‫⑝ש‬ዢ၃ৄ࣑Һ‫˷؀‬অ Ꮡষ࢔ԯੁ٘‫؀‬ӓҎ˹ȧȬȬȫ؆ࣆॏ࠰߉‫ٴ‬ ᇸ˷ȧȮȦȨ؆ᒅ‫ތ‬ൟ‫ڢ‬ੜॏ˷٘ႈৄ‫܀‬ᢲ૓ ႈ؇˹ႈӦ‫ৄؙࣕ٘ݱ‬ӿҺଗ࢔‫ڧ‬ᇀ˷‫ؙ‬ ȩȤȬ‫ز‬ల˹

̂ඈ಄ъ ْ࠰፽‫؃ھ‬ႺᡀᕟҸ ༾ฺᇸӦ˷অ‫׋װ‬ষ‫ן‬ ࣻ˷ॏ࠰റశ࿟؆࿗̓ ȧȭȩȬͷȧȭȯȫ̔˷֚ֈႈ˸ ‫ނ‬૩࣒Ԕ‫ࣟۑ‬ጜӺ৯೚‫݋‬ ๷඗؎˷ৄ‫܀‬ᢲॏᕓ˹ႈ Ӧ‫ڧࣕ٘ݱ‬ᇀ˷ᄻᆯᗄ‫ވ‬ ‫و‬಴࠷ۙ˷‫ྠۑ‬ᅶஂ˷‫ރ‬ ‫ؙ‬ᔝउ࢔⑝೿៯ා˹

તࢳᐷ๰ ْ࠰ຶমᕟ≸ ᗭ౗ౚ੩ᗭᇸ࢔क़Ӂบ ҥ˷Ӆ‫ؙ‬ȪȦȦ؆ᔘա˷ְየӅ‫ؙ‬ȭȦȦ؆˹ ӐժԯဦలȨȦ‫ڊ˷ز‬ᚨഀ‫߰˷ۑ‬฀ࢗ૬ ȮȤȫ‫ޯ˼ز‬๑‫ؙ‬ҙ૩Ҿဦ˷లȧȫ‫܅˷ز‬઄ဦ Ӧข‫ؙ٘ݱ‬ᇀ˷ዾ൹ဦ‫ۑ‬৚٢Ҏኅ‫ر‬ང˷ ࢗॳҥ࢟˹ԯဦ‫؁‬ኇᄻུጐዜ࢔ӽඅ˷Ҿ ဦบ฀ҫೣ‫ؙ‬ጐዜ࢔٘Ꮄ˷Ӂ੨‫֯˷ݳڏ‬ ৯༪Ճറே࢔ᚅᣟ˹ᙸᦃᔁ૩٘ဦ˷෺ण ଊࠛᗯਐ˷ᢪ૟‫٘ת˹ᦃڪ‬ဦ࢔ճౄ˷ၨ ဢ‫ؙ‬Ҏ๪లҸ࢔֨٘˷ੰ፝යᡇ˹֨٘ᇀ क़੢‫؀ؙ٘‬Ӭద˷‫ع‬քదౚ੩ᗭ‫؀‬অॏᕓ ‫ת‬Ӂң‫ۻ‬ᇸӐ˹ 4

ؓઙҢ๰ ْ࠰፽‫ھ‬Ⴚᡀᕟ߉౏ᇸ࢔Ӂ޸ҥ˷Ӆ ȪȦȦ؆ᔘա˷ົ‫؞װ‬ੜॏ˷ॏᕓ‫ۑ‬؇ኹᐔ‫ܮ‬ ‫׃־‬Ⴚ፽૓ဦ৯٢˷ৄᐔ؇Ҹणᄅဦॏᕓ˹ ԯဦలȩȬ‫˷ز‬՟‫ؙ‬ȧȬ૩Ҿဦᙌᝈէޯ˷‫ބ‬ ӐӦ౱ҾဦȪ૩˷లȧȩ‫˼ز‬Ӑ౱Ȫ૩˷ల ȧȦ‫˷ز‬թ౱Ȯ૩˷లȬ‫ׇ˹ز‬฀ဦ‫࣑ڊݍ‬ ‫ॽ˷و‬ҫ‫ؙ‬Ҹ࣑ဦӓኃ˹ᅃဦᔁᥒᖴᄘ‫ؙ‬ ਣ˷Ӄ៯ንղ˷অ፽‫⑝ھ‬೿Җ‫ؒڑ‬թ‫٘ݳ‬೵ ॏᕓ៯ා˷‫ݝັת‬ᣁՏެࡂइ‫ݨ‬ҥ૩฀٘೵ ౲૑‫ؙݩ‬ᚅᣌ˹‫܅‬؆‫ת‬Ճ‫ঁ˸ߝ׿‬ჲ˸٘ᑐ ჲ˷ขᚓٌ٘ဦ൳ၱ Ңӽ˹

ഀৌˣ֎‫ܩ‬ ‫ڧ‬ᄘ‫ת‬धَϽӧ ө‫࢔ݝ‬ҾӁԮҥ˷ࣟ లȨȧ‫ޯ˷ز‬๑‫׈‬Ӭ ҙ઄݄˷‫݄܅‬ขᤇ‫ؙ‬ Ͻ፮ឋ޸ࢆॅጜ˷֚ ң߶ҥ˷፮፮ᙰҾ˷ หक़ҙ݄ဍ࿦؎Ҏࣟ บ˷ҥዅ୨Ꮲ֔˷ࣟ บኇᝢҎጏዜษዅ˷ ҥᑞဦࣻ˷෺ण޾ୠਐᦃ˹ኹҙ݄ࣟ৯෴ ࢔˷๬অයᡇ࢔ຶஂ٘‫˹؀‬ဦ‫؀‬էޯ˷ᅼ ໏ࢻ௞˷ኛᔎۢ൪˷ኪ‫ر‬ೠঃ˹ᓸԑᡛ௹ ᅬ˷ဦެ‫؀‬অॏ࠰өӤȧȭȦȧ؆˷‫ق‬ӡӅ‫ؙ‬ ȩȦȦ؆˹ౚ੩ᗭဦެҙ݄ࣟ࢔ॏᕓ˷অَឋ ࢃல‫ם‬೿Җ֊ॏᕓ៯ා࢔ንཱ˷‫ࡂת‬इ‫٘ݨ‬ ೵Ӑ˷ְጨੇ൳‫ן‬ȩ˹ ⑝೿Җߝٓ‫࠰ש‬ᐔ˸ୃ˸፪౲Պᒆ˷‫ف‬ ٘೵࿽ҘԳक़˷ฯ෺Ҕ‫ف‬ӄ࢔ԑ‫֚˷׺‬Ҵᗓ ԑᓥ࿁૙‫ق‬ଟ੢ԑᓥ˷‫הޜץ‬ॎԑӲެ٘ჹ ࢔፼ᣟ˷ୠ‫ٴ‬অ‫ݬ‬ᓸ̣ք֖ჹ̤Ӑ࢔ȫȫȦ઄ ॽ‫˷ݦ‬Ҏۨ⑝೿ᆹҖެԑᓥ૑˷ჹᅻ۲ᐖࠋ ‫׉‬ฯ٥ৄ⑝ԑ㔀‫ݦ‬ᅆެౣྕ˷‫٘؎ۑع‬೵ԑ

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ᓥᆓུ˹ӡᚓҢँॽ‫ݦ‬የ࠷‫׸‬ң˽

Į‫ְ߇៌ܠ‬į ࣖᦂॽ‫ݦ‬অ㔀੍๋ᅵ᎓̓Gotama٘ࣕ ࢔࣮ߌ˷‫پ‬ᢌ੎‫خ‬հ̔ົჹ֖ৄ౒ࢅ˸໏ ࢅ˷‫׸‬࿥Ⴓ˸֞ྠ˸࣑ฟ˸֞ᦠᠻ˸௞៳ ༾˹‫ތ‬ආȩȫԫक़˷ӌ֖ৄᐄҖ˸๧Җ˸ԩ Һ˸౲ԩࣖᦂ˹ࣖᦂॽ‫ݦ‬Ӑ‫ᦂࣖۥ‬ဢ෺؎Ҏ ઄བܿֈࢗ˸‫װ‬ᖌབᓲ਱ं࢔‫ޅ‬णҖࢅ˷‫ރ‬ ‫ڼؙ‬ਐग፽˷Խቋབԋ˷ӌຸᅻҖ˷Ӻ‫ތޜ‬ ӽ஖ٜࣨ˷ோಕ‫ޜ‬ਪᠧ࢔‫ߌذ‬ಸਪ୊ॶ೴Ճ ‫˹ݳ‬ᔁ઄ॽ‫ߋݦ‬඙෦ਃٌབᕋ፽˷‫ࡃץ‬๗ᘋ ࢔Ӧ૕˹

ĮᵠᏮщ᭄ᝄώϠ߇ְį ̣ừᖤ‫׿‬᳏᣺ք֖ॽ‫̤̓ݦ‬Vessantaraj<taka̔ිᐖᢂ؎ᐊ๲ӏ‫࢔ט‬Ңኂࢃք˷Ҹ णքȩȨ‫˷ޗ‬ӐणքȨȪ‫˷ޗ‬ҾणքȧȬ‫˷ޗ‬ข ՈॷԆ‫ٶ‬ઝԑ੦ᢂ˸⑝ዢ၃ᢂެྒ൪˹ॽ‫ݦ‬ ԯੁ঑ሯທ፭ừᖤ‫׿‬᳏᣺ৄҸ≸ԩ˷ৄҔᎺ བ‫ۥع˷ॿ׶‬฾၇࢔֞ྠ˸‫˸ݎ‬ర˸࣑ጏ˸ ୪ᡍ༾˷ขյॿདྷҎ઄ࣝಧ෨ಅ࢔ಊ៨࣓̓ ӽ஖᥅ൟ̔˷หक़৚‫ۥق‬Ҏᇼԋ၇࢔‫ހ‬ҹҫ ॿ೰ՃՓ˷඙ӏक़ૺ˹෰অֲ٘ჹӐ̣࿭Ҹ ẗ̓Sud<na̔ӿҺ̤࢔ॽ‫˷ݦ‬㔀የ٘ࣕ‫ת‬ ‫ৄْץ‬࿭ҸẗӿҺଗઈཀྵ᝖ᅳ࢔ን஖˹

Į̂ᐋ྽ώϠ߇ְį ̣Ҹᗁᅳք֖ॽ‫̤̓ݦ‬Mah<-ummagga-j<taka̔˷অ̣ք֖ჹ̤ආȫȪȬᐊ˷࿦‫ؙ‬ ȧȯ઄ᠧផॽ‫ބ˹ݦ‬ආȮᠧផየ˽‫ؙ‬Ҏӽ˷౲

ԩ‫ޱ‬ԺҖఽ‫ނ‬ନҸҾ࣒༰ҎᎯ࢔Ԙ໎˷ੁ‫ۻ‬ ֊੽ᖦዤԘ໎࢔‫ݚ‬Ҏኇঅନ฀˷‫צ׸‬གྷӏՃ ‫ޜੁݳ‬ኩ˹‫੽֊ۻ‬ขӏோ‫צ‬གྷ˷࠰অᑑ‫ݳ‬Ҏ ْຸࢦ˷ຸࢦ‫ނۥ‬ନԘ໎࠮ҘԠӐ˷‫܋׆‬Ҙ ԠӐ຾ң࢔Ҏኇ˷๬অԘ໎࢔ନ฀˹౲ԩ ॓లᕮ˷ٰఫኩ‫ع˷֊ۻ‬ᏞᗳҔຸࢦ˹՟ ආȧȯ઄ॽ‫ݦ‬የ˽‫ת‬धթ‫ؙ‬Ҏ઄ผဣ˷ผဣ ᠓‫ؙ‬ໆᔎ˷ᔎҥ‫ؙ‬઄ฝኅ˷ኅᄼ‫ؙ‬Ҏဪᡍ ֤˷ᡍ֤࢔፼Һঃ‫ת‬ผဣᄼ˹‫ؙ‬Җಕ‫ݦ؟‬๗ ‫ڎ‬Ҕ౲ԩ˷౲ԩ‫מ‬ҎْҸ‫ـ‬౥˷‫׸‬ٙಕᡍ֤ ‫ޚ‬Ճ‫ْݚ˾ݳ‬၂඄࢔Ҹ‫ـ‬՗࿦ෝ‫װ‬ҖՓผဣ ᄼ௑శဣᄼ࢔Ԡ˷ईҎࢗۧӏ‫ތ‬ᡍ֤˷Քঅ ࠮ቋԠक़˷ᡍ֤ҡՃൟ‫ת‬Ԡᄼ˹౲ԩۧ‫ຸݳ‬ ࢦ౥˷٦ோ‫ޚ‬Ճ෰ဪᡍ֤ဒ˾ຸࢦ‫צ‬གྷየ˽ ᡍ֤ӏ‫ת‬ผဣᄼ˷অ‫ת‬ᔎҥ࢔ฝኅᄼ˹ ‫ބ‬Էᛎ‫ߩࡍؙ̣‬೸̤࢔ॽ‫̣˸ݦ‬՗ᔎ ԅ̤࢔ॽ‫̣˸ݦ‬ᣁᇔَྨ̤࢔ॽ‫⑝ת˷ݦ‬ ೿ԑᓥӐҫয࿽॓፹Ȫ˹ ࡜ᅁ˽ ȧȤȖ ᒈႈ‫̣˽ུـ‬इ࿽٘೵աᝄᐖ̤˷ආȨȦȨ੧˹ ȨȤȖ ȩȤȖ ȪȤȖ Ȗ Ȗ

ȷɚɣɟɤ˽̣ ≸ ᶁҸ٘‫℠؀‬Ԇ ≸ Ҹ࣒‫˷̤ط‬ ȨȦȦȮȣȧȧȣȦȧ˷ɝɥɥɝɢɛኞ˹ ٘‫٘˸؀‬ဦ‫فۺޚ‬ၻᓥॼԯᐖ̣࿩इߕ೵ ա̤˷ආȨȧȯͷȨȨȨ੧˹ ҥ‫׋‬ք֖ॽ‫˽فۺޚ˷ݦ‬ ȞɟȟȤȖ ፈߢུ˽̣इ࿽٘೵ኹ⑝೿ԑӲ̤ආ ȨȨȬͷȨȩȩ੧˹ ȞɟɟȟȤȖ ᒈႈ‫ུـ‬Ọ̇̄इ࿽٘೵Ӑᝄᐖ̤ආȧȯȮͷ ȨȦȦ੧˹

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

˼ ઞ ҄ ଡ ΍ ླྀĞˁğ

᡻፯ⴍ

ˬ઼ကϲ ࡂቊֆ؆թ೒˸ऽߗ‫ۥ‬॰຾ॼ˷຾‫ۍ‬བ ᠭිᅍఫদታ˷‫ת‬ค‫ן‬Ҷᓥࢦӏঅිണ᎒˷ ๬অිღᖾ˼ҥْࢦ෨ಅ໙Ꭽ˷ಭ֊‫ߌذ‬༇ Գৄ֖˷඙࠰Ꭽ༪Ҕ̫࿶Ӈӓ࿹̬˼࿹ԫ Ӑ˷ੋጝಜఉ˷৯Ә۳ָ˷‫عץ‬ᓧਣቊॉ ౲࢔႓Ү˹ᡛॉ߲ಫӤ؆̓ȨȨȦ̔˷ഉԬᕖ ቊ˷౲ᄩ̫អ̬˷ፈลҫ࠰ඟ؆ኃॉ˷౲ᄩ Ӡ̫֗ቊ̬˷ኹอᓸࡂइ࢔્‫؎ۑ˷ډ‬Ң౲ ᆶ֨ӓ‫˹ۀ‬Ң౲ଗԹ˷អኹ‫٘࢔ډ‬೵ࠐᡬቊ ֆ˷ข‫ؙ‬ၨ࢔༪૙˷‫ع‬ᄮቊස࠰᠓‫ץ˷ש‬ա ଔӏᅄ˷༇ಸಶ࢘٘೵༪૙࢔ೆ࡬˹អ࢔੫ ขহ࿝˸‫࢔ډ‬੫ขॏၳ̓ӡइ‫̔ݪ‬অჀଗ٘ ೵࢔Ӑԋ‫˹ש‬

ϛጯᎸ੓ ஞߋ১ҢϽէ؆̓ࣾȨȧȩ̔ৄኍ‫ގ‬ज़ ၆˷ңԺ֊࿗༄ଟ˷࿾᝷៳˸Ҡჴ˸ኂᔎӓ ᠭ࢔ଟᡧՔԳࣨୱ˹َӤࣾҕȦӧ؆˷࿫‫ض‬ ҘᠥӐ˷ԡᔫऐ࿝૓ा˷૓Ӧ᝕ଟְԴӓҎ 6

৆˷๓ኃᔘաԑӲ࢔୒‫َ˹ٹ‬ቊ֨౲˷‫ذ‬፵ ॔ᚓ˷ࢗ‫ق‬ቊຄॉӌ፵̫ଃଟॖ̬˷ԑॉଗ ӌ፹࿕ᡛଟӓᅤ˷ࡖॉଗ̫ᐠ᛾‫ذ‬૑˷ᔴ๪ ᓅා̬˷ᓥාҎඐ˷ᓅ૑իՓҔᡤࢁᇼԎ˷ ҫ༇ಸ‫ޚڑ‬Է૑ӓ࣒˷‫ނع‬ቊ࢔ᓅ֖࿿‫ބ‬ን ஖ӌҝ࠰Օᡧ࢔ᔁ൞˷౧ఀྗ‫ظ‬ᓸঅ౐˷‫ץ‬ ‫؟‬ᄃ൞؇၁˸֖ା቏ի˼ҡৄᎴၨ֨൩˷Ҹ ࿉೩Ԋฐ࿝әٌ˸ඇႺ‫ܣ‬൩ӓየ˷Գਣ̫ᥨ ᐑ఑̬࣡֏ᘵӏՔؒॸ˹ቊֆҢ౲˷ᓲ࿹ᗑ Ӡ˷Җ֊֖঵༣ਪ˷‫ع‬દᓥԯয࢔ᓅ૑˷֚ ࠰ҥ੍ઝ‫˷ץ‬༇ࡧ؎ৄ‫˷ߌذ‬ୠ‫ٴ‬অ࢘᠀Ӭ Һን஖ҥ࢔ಏ௿˷‫ط̫؟ץ‬ය֑ᓥ̬੭ဋᕮ ఉ˹ អଘ࢔ҶҸӾ฾‫̫׶‬റᑎ̬˷റᑎ࢔ ԯੁӦ૕অᄩኃ̫Ң֑̬࢔̣‫ط‬Һ̤˸̣ යҺ̤˸̣ޯ࠳̤̓࠳ჹ̔˹Ⴠଗ٘೵࢔ ̣௖ਬჹ̤Ӆ‫ؙ‬Ꭺ઄ᢂք˷௖ਬज़၆ஊቌ ఫ౽˸૙᥌ஂ࢟˷ኹറᑎӓҶಙߛ֑൞˸ ᝘ྑ᜹೵˷ఖ‫܆‬઄Җ࢔‫֚ف‬ᅁ࠮˷ጨ‫ؙ‬ᠭ ٢ӓස˼‫؟ץ‬ҕࢦಶԳ߹‫؟‬ລԊ˸৯Ә༪

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ຣ˷٘೵๬অ‫ת‬෰ኂᓥා੨ାӓң˷቏቏ ൄҘҶҸӾ࿛፮˼ວ݅ӓ˷٘೵᝙֑֚ᓥ റᑎ෷቏ӦӲ؎Ӑ౲દᓥ࢔Ҏ฀Ӭ˷‫׉‬ჹ ࣒֚ຽ࢔༪૙ᛔᥫ˷඙ਣ‫ת‬࿜ડ‫ޚ‬ԹӐ౲ քҵ࢔દᓥ˷؎ৄӐ౲દᓥ࢔ԯয˹

୓ᗬĞ331ů376ğ۞Ңି ഉᓼ˸ഉԬԣҺჹᔘᅻ̫࿶Ӈӓ࿹̬˷ ൄ࢘ߕ೵఑࣡ҝ࿉࢔Քࠅ˷‫؟ץ‬ഉអॏ౲ӓ ࣆ˷ᡇღ‫ۈ‬஗˸ ᆦ݅˸ࣝ᜹ൿ࢛ ༾ᅳ೵؇࢔࣡ ‫˹־‬ֈߋ؆࿗̓ ȨȪȦͤȨȪȮ̔˷ٙ ଙ˸ԩ๻ຟઃ‫ط‬ යज़၆˷ᓥঢ়੨ ಸ˹ٙଙঅഉᓼ ࢔ᒩҺ˷‫ޜ‬ഉᓼ ፼ᣟ˷ߛ‫ࡧؙ‬૑ ౐ᇷ࢔٥ৄ˼ԩ ๻ৄӽӌण࢔ज़ ၆૑˷Ք೉ҕϽէႆࣤ਱؆ؓ෶˹‫ބ‬क़ᡬ ఉ࢔̫‫ࡈر‬ґᑦ̬̓Ӂᘴ˸๰ಫ˸‫ݟ‬ᡧ˸ፈ ٩˸‫ݟ˸ܳמ‬ऐ˸ԩ؋̔˷ٌৄয࠰࠮ᑐ˷ ‫ވ‬၃ᅷ۟᜹ࡧ˹ӏᑘٙԩ˷ࠋঅґᑦ˷Է੽ ࢔ज़၆ขࢗ೚˸࿗೚‫ތޜ‬Ⴠଗয࿽࢔ᚅክᙠ ࡧኹ௖ਬࡧᄃ࢔፼ᣟ˹ ഉអኹَ౴ᑒ౲ᠥࣲၸৄܿ‫ה؟ץ˷׶‬ ॎَ౴ᆹ࣪˷‫׸‬ᔆক੎៨˸ᔆᖈ˸‫ࡧ׿‬ᑦ˸ ಫᆹ㎶˸ߪ߲༾Җฏᢾ‫˷ཱݳ‬ᢂՃۜք̓Ӑ ౲٘೵‫؟ץ‬࿕ߋ࿽ۜ̔ӺᎪ฀Ҹ੭ჹ‫˹ޅ‬ ‫؟‬ଗ˷ห੹Ҏຟ࢔অආҎٌَْ‫࢔ࡧ܆‬ ‫؜‬Ҷٌ˹‫؜‬Ҷٌ˷ᕌӂ̓ӡࡡइෝ࠴̔Җ˷ ؆ԂՃ૑˷ಔԋ৷ܵჹ‫˹ޅ‬क़‫ת‬হ࿝ᚴᅁԐ ಂ੎ᥨ˸ࢡ٘ଠ‫׈‬ᢂ࢔̣ᅳٌ௖ਬჹ̤˷᡽ ԑ၃ӏ৚റၴ˷ᠧԳෲᅵ˷‫؟ץ‬༪ԋٌَ‫ق‬ ҭជ̓ӡၨ៕ެ֙̔‫ޚ܆‬Ҹք˹̣ᅳٌ௖ਬ

ჹ̤অ֚ࢡ٘ଠǷ ‫˷࢔ ݳ‬ᘋჀ‫ׇࣝݣ‬ք˷ՠ অ̫ჹ۞̬˼ՆԳӐ‫ה‬ԑࡧӏ‫˷ט‬ҡ੹ᢂ ჹ௞ฯຽ˷ᢂԑᠧٰᅻ࠰ᑩᔉ˷‫ع‬ቌ៙ӏ ෲ˹ҭជঅَ౴Ҹ੭٘೵࢔ੜ᝿˷ෝ‫װ‬ቊ ᢂ࢔Ҹ੭ჹ‫֚ޅ‬ҭជ࿽‫˷ݳ‬ӏԂᢂჹҸ૦ ҫ‫فݳ‬ҭជ˷ҭជኹӐ౲٘೵ᇷ‫ؙࣝ‬ಧಒ ӭ࢔ᠥࣲ˹ ‫؜‬Ҷٌ‫ת‬ҭជ۞ಶഐԑֈքғϽธ࢔ ̣௖ਬჹ̤˷ষጁ‫ۏ‬Һպ‫׸‬ᘠఏ‫צ‬Ӑ౲˷ ‫ع‬ԷքҖ‫ץ‬؆‫ط‬ ᥒ௳˷ӏಶᜟ ౲˷ҙϽႆଗ‫ת‬ ҭជҘ႓˹෰฀ ̣௖ਬჹ̤‫َת‬ ଘຄॉӤಫӤ؆ ̓Ȩȯȧ̔˷֚ߝ Ҷࢡ‫ޛ‬ᣁӺҭជ ԝԮ༇៨ҳ‫ט׈‬ ᢂՃ˷ኃৄ̣࠮ ‫׃‬௖ਬჹ̤˹

गӓĞ333ů391ğ۞Ңି ࡂቊֆ؆˷ՊԔ‫װ‬ᓲ࿹˷ՊҖҸ࿉इ ಷ˷ಕয࿽࠰হ࿝࢔٘ࡧನ‫מ‬इԔ˷Գॏၳ ৄӐԋ˷࿽յ࠰ࡂइҎನ˹՟թ˷֚࠰इ୊ ֯ෲ༪ᅵ˷፹‫؃‬Ӻ֯෬̓ӡᢩՊྮ̔ҫ؎ৄ ٘೵য࿽࢔ੁ‫ډ˹ש‬౲٘೵ԳߝҶԐᚳ˸ԝ ԮಫᆹၱৄԹࣇҖࢅ˷Ԑᚳ࿽ࠐহ࿝࢔Ԑಂ ੎ᥨӓᓥ̓Ҹ੭௖ਬᓥ̔˷ಫᆹၱ࿽ᢾ‫׿‬ԫ లӓᓥ̓Ҿ੭ᙠᓥ̔˷‫ݯ‬ಶॏၳ᣶༈‫ޚ‬Թহ ࿝˷؎ৄჀଗ٘೵࢔Ӑԋ˹‫؟‬թ˷እ৽ᠧ˸ ࢡॖࡼ˸Ԑ៕ഌ೚༾Җְ‫שډת‬ᢂჹ˹ ԐᚳৄҸԗԐҖ˷கԣ‫ࡂת‬ቊ᥮ॉଗ ൚ጩᎪ‫ذ‬౲Җዾ‫ݳ‬ᜟӲ˷‫؟ץ‬Ԑᚳ֖࣒‫ת‬ ቊ‫˷ש‬Է‫׆‬ᓥቊԑ˷क़ᓥਝଟ˷ንෲӧ౲ ዢԑ˷ົ‫ޜ‬ᓥ࠰Ԑಂ੎ᥨ࢔‫ۏ‬ҺԐ࣠˹ 7

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

Ԑᚳิᓥ‫װ‬ӌ˷ઝߝহ࿝˷ቊֆᛌ࿹˷ ኹ‫ט‬࿅ᎪϽҖइң˹এ޼ࣝಧ๦‫ٌؙט˷ٳ‬ ҎҖ༇ි˷ԐᚳᛑԷ‫عි׈‬ஃ˷ӏଔ෰Җน Ս޼૥೗ҔԐᚳ࢔໒ිక‫˷݋‬ӽ࣠˷‫࢔ٌט‬ Җ࢘ᅳ‫عݦ؟‬෥౥ԐᚳჀଗৄٙӏᚅರ˷Ԑ ᚳየ˽̫‫۝‬ਬᚅರ˷٦੽ҎߖၱࡲԷԳၢ‫ٹ‬ ӓᄁ˷‫۝‬ఄோ‫ץ‬Ҏഝි‫ع‬ૐҎ઄Җිണ˾̬ ‫؟ץ‬Ҹ૑ᇑ࠽˷ᇼԷ۶Նၦੜ˹‫ډ‬ԯ્ᤁክ ‫ބ‬ӌᓥ˷५ৄิҶ˷‫ݯ‬ዹᓧӿҺ્༩˹ Ԑᚳหੜੁ࢔ᢂၳঅੜᢂԐಂ੎ᥨ࢔̣ ᅳٌ௖ਬჹ̤˷ኃৄ ̣Ҹ࠷ॎ༇ၸჹ̤˷ ̫Ҹ࠷̬‫̫پ‬᎓ྞ௖ ਬ̬˷̫ॎ༇ၸ̬‫پ‬ ̫ࡥ៨ዎ‫˹̬װ‬Է‫ץ‬ ንෲቊԑ˷ࠏԳᢂཀ ᅫԐಂ੎ᥨෲ࿬ཱ ᡀ˷෰ᇼ௖ਬज़၆࢔ չෲ˷Ⴠ‫ؙ‬Ҏߖ࢔଒ ࡃ˹Ⴠଗჹԑෝ‫װ‬অ ֗ਝԑ፭؎˷Էঀෲ ‫װ‬ኂਝԑ˷‫ބع‬ଗҸ ԗԐҖ਍‫ؙ‬Ꭺ‫ذ‬Җ඀ ߝӐ౲˷০࣡‫٘־‬೵˷ҡ‫ט؟ؙ‬࿅ӓࣤ˷Է ‫پ‬፹ዉਝք˷֗Գଣֈ᝔ᢂ˷ҫ՟Ճၨჹ˷ Էࠏᢂ੃‫ؙ̣‬Ҹ࠷ॎ༇ၸჹ̤˸̣እ᎓ᅇ ჹ̤˸̣Ҹ௖ࡠ঻ჹ̤˸̣Ⴚᘋքఉჹ̤˸ ̣ࡧդჹ̤༾ҢϽ‫װ‬฀˷ҡ࡜ᢌҔ̣Ҕք֖ ‫ؠ‬ჹ̤༾˹ ࡂ‫ډ‬՟ҎْᢂჹҸ૦অಫᆹၱ˹ಫᆹ ၱ˷ઝᡧಫߝ‫ع‬ԫߝӽࢡ˷‫ބ‬ԣ‫ץ‬ჹ౛‫ع‬඀ ٓ֯෬˹ஞߋ১ඐҎӐ౲क़˷ষәϽყҸੋ इ߷‫˷ྮذ‬ಕӡԕ፹ࡂ˸፹َӺྮइՊ฀ؒ Ҙࢃᇜ˷ჿ଩ࡈ˸इ୊˸ྠҢచ˼ቊࡖॉն ߖइྮ౲क़˷‫ת‬ӡྮइՊ฀ჿ֯෬చ˸Ӑ฀ ჿғஂచ˸Ӑइ฀ჿԕइచ˹Ⴠଗइ୊࢔౛ ၳኹ֯ෲࣝಧ༪ᅵ˷ቊࡖॉࠏষՃ࢔ྫྷ࠳ධ 8

࿚ӅՔዾᅵ‫ה‬ॎ࢔इኇ˷ಫᆹၱ࢔ԣᖆჀঅ ჹ֚୊ᅤ඀֊‫˹࢔ཱݳ‬ಫᆹၱϽᒬႆଗ˷ԣ ։ឋҮ˷‫׽‬฿‫ڼ‬൨˷ࣤՃ૑ৄᆹ˷‫ݣ‬ҎᅤՊ ҥ˷‫܆‬૦౥ᅳ˷ࣝಧንည˹ ‫׿‬ԫలᢂՃᙠჹ̣‫׿‬௖‫׽‬၃ჹ̤क़˷इ ࿝̓ӡࡡइइ࿝̔ᛯࡈ˸ᕌӂ̓ӡࡡइෝ ࠴̔֟ၳ˸ၱ᐀̓ӡୋ‫إ‬ඒᕮ̔ฎᎀࠐᤐ ‫ބ‬ᙠࡧ˷‫ع‬ಫᆹၱಸ‫؟‬Ңᑦ‫ޜ‬ᓥ˷‫࢝ݣ‬॰ฎ ᎀӓየ˷ৄ̣‫׿‬௖‫׽‬၃ჹ̤᎚‫˹ۊ‬ಫᆹၱࣆ ‫ތ‬ॏၳ˷‫ډץ‬Җӏົ݃ᅻ‫عॽ˷࣓܈‬Ҹৄᗜ ൩˷ߗ‫ח‬๗‫્ڎ‬ᤁ˼ ࿽የԷᘋ્ᤁӓᑑ˷ Գࡧා‫܆‬ಶࢳ‫્˷ٶ‬ ᤁৄԷॏ‫ץ˷؀‬অ‫إ‬ इ࢔ආҎ૩٘‫ॽ˷؀‬ ‫̫ן‬ॏࣆ‫˷̬؀‬ಸ‫؟‬ ٘ࡧ൳ٌ࠰‫˹ࡂإ‬ಫ ᆹၱᢂՃ࢔ჹ‫ؙ̣ޅ‬ ࣖᠧ߽ᘉჹ̤˸̣᠗ ੢ԩჹ̤˸̣ᇻ၁ԩ ჹ̤˸̣ӧॎ࿦ჹ̤ ༾‫װ‬฀˷‫ބ‬Ӑ̣ӧॎ ࿦ჹ̤অ೹੍ᢌ੎٘ ٌ֖ࣾཀྵ᝖ᅳ࢔ੜੁჹ‫˼ޅ‬՟թҡৄ̣‫׿‬ ௖‫׽‬၃ჹ̤˸̣ࡧ᠗ჹ̤˸̣ᅳᔎჹ̤٥ ࡜ᅁ˹

ҘॢĞ376ů428ğ۞Ңି អӤॉଗ˷՜ర᣿ӓҺ՜రংಔॼ˷ ࠰ຶӤէ؆̓ȨȬȩ̔ষᛞၱ˸ᒈ‫ָى‬ᄮ˷ᄮ Ү˹ऐቝҕ؆̓ȨȬȫ̔˷՜రংӓҺ՜రࡼ ᕖអ˷౲ᄩ̫ଘ̬˹ӿಫӤ؆̓ȨȮȦ̔˷ଘ ষ‫ٱ‬ҕϽყָ‫˷ډ‬ӧᅳՃ૦˷ԩᘸᎷධ֚୾ ‫عإ࣒ࡱ؃‬ң˷ࢗࠥॏၳ˷‫ډ‬ԯ્༬Ճ੡˹ ‫ࡂف‬ቊᡛॉࣆ؆˷Ӑ౲ณ࠰ᓲ࿹ӬྎᅵғϽ ᒬ؆˷‫؟ق‬๽ᜟඐҎ˹ಸ՜రࡼ‫قْپ‬әਝ ࿹ཱ˷ଘाइᒅԚ˷༰༰әϽᒬ؆˷աኃ̫

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

َଘ̬˹

অҾԗԐҖ˾

َଘ੫ขহ࿝˷‫٘ৄݳמ‬೵࢔࿽ᎡӐ ԋ˷Ⴠଗহ࿝หԯੁ࢔ᢂჹࢦৄߝҶࢡ‫ޛ‬ ᣁ˹ࢡ‫ޛ‬ᣁઝᡧӽࢡ̓‫ה‬ॎ̔˷‫ބ‬ԣৄᛌ ᠧ඀֊Ӑ౲˼ࢡ‫ޛ‬ᣁ֖࣒࠰Ӑ౲˷ᓳ࣒ቊ ഐҕዢ˷অᠧಶ࢔ᢂჹҖӌ˹ԷᢂՃ‫؜‬Ҷ ٌ‫׃࠮̣࢔ޚ܆‬௖ਬჹ̤˷ࡂଘ࢔ᅳ‫ެ׿‬ ߛᇼԷᝏᢂ࢔ྔዢঅ˽̫࿽ᢂ‫˷؟׸‬ᠧৄ ᡬܱ˿̬Քᖒ೥ಙล‫׃࠮̣˹ق‬௖ਬჹ̤ ‫ת‬Ӑઝযෲ˷ൄ‫ޜ‬฾‫֑׶‬ᓥറᑎ࢔ҶҸӾ ੜྑ˷෰ᇼ࠰٘೵ज़၆‫ת‬Ӑ౲එନາӺ˷ ‫ف‬অҎੜҸ‫ץ‬ᐗ˹ࢡ‫ޛ‬ᣁ՟ᢂ‫ؙ̣‬൩እ᎓ ᅇჹ̤˸̣੫ၾᡇჹ̤༾˹

ࢡࡧᣋӽࠇഩ஭ܿ˷ᕔۖ‫׶‬ᓥ˷ҙႆ‫پ‬ Ճ૑˷᜹ӽࢡҖࢡల૩ৄ૦˼ࡧᣋ࢔ॽ࿅ຬ Ⴊ˷অኹَ౴߶‫֯࢔ݳ‬ෲੁᅳ˷ࠏԳԷᇼ࠰ َ౴٘೵‫ؙ‬৯Ⴠ༶ॎ࢔Ҕᅁ˷࢘ᅳَ౴᡹᝕ ‫ؙ‬ෝ‫װ‬Ҹ੭ჹ‫ݣ˷ޅ‬ԭԷᇼჀଗቊ‫ޅש‬ᡧӏ ‫ڝ࢔ׇ‬ᇟҫ॓റၴ˷‫ת؟ץ‬૦ԣನጩӓң˷ ࣾ߶َ౴ᅲᓥ˹ৄҔ‫˷ࡧ܆‬Էඡَ౴ҢϽӧ ౲࢔ዢ݅˷඙ோನҸ࿉࢔Ҹ੭ჹ‫࣊ޅ‬౲˼‫ف‬ ຬႪ‫ࡱ˷׿࣒ق‬ᅤ࿽ᢂ˹‫׈‬ᢂՃ̣‫ᦏ׃‬௖ਬ ჹ̤˸̣ֈࡧཱჹ̤˸̣እ᎓ᅇჹ̤˸̣ઈ ٌᅳ‫ש‬ჹ̤˸̣ᄆࡧ‫ה‬ჹ̤༾਍Ҏ‫ذ‬әϽᒬ ฀˷ҸၺҸ੭ჹ‫ם࢔ޅ‬ኂᠭ‫ཱ˸ཱࡧ׸˷ٴ‬ ᡇ˸ᡍᕋ˸ୖሺ˸Ҹ࿦༾˷০‫ؙ‬ᢂք˹֚࠰ Է֖࣒࠰ቊ‫˷ש‬ҡ‫ؙ‬ᗯܳ࢔Җӌ‫׸‬ᝑࠐዾ˸ ᝑᅳஂԣҺ‫ٺ‬ᢂ˷‫؟ץ‬Է࢔ᝏᢂ˷ӏՠঅᎪ ࿉˸ᐇ๑˷෴ᑩ‫ש‬ҫྯྮࣾҖ˹Ҹ੭ჹ‫ޅ‬ோ ‫ת‬Ӑ౲չ࿽˷ࡧᣋՇӏՔ‫˹ܕ‬

َଘӓԫ˷ᝏᢂ̣௖ਬჹ̤࢔˷ᛎ՟‫ؙ‬ ҎҖ˷‫ࡧࢡپ‬ᣋ̓ᔆ᎓៨ࣻ̔˹‫ת‬ᆴ᎓៨Ӝ ӓࣾ˷หՃᠭࠛና࢔ᢂჹలᆹ˷੫೥ࢡࡧ ᣋ˹ࡧᣋঅԗԐҖ˷ԫߝຬႪ˹ԗԐ೿ք ٓ‫َ֕̓ࡡת‬ཛ࿶ࡡԳَ̔˷ቊࣆৄ‫ב‬լ ࠏ႓˷Ҹۨ౲Җ‫َמ‬కҮ‫ق‬ӡࣖ߈ࡡӓՊ ॏ౲˷ኃ̫ҸԗԐ̬˷ୱ‫ת‬ઝ‫࢔ש‬ኃ̫Ҿ ԗԐ̬˷؎ৄ‫ב‬լ࢔լᛪ˷ࢗ‫ތ‬ቊࡖॉ‫ޚ‬ ಶࡡَৄԚ˹ӏ࢘ࢡࡧᣋঅҸԗԐҖ˷ᛎ

̣‫ᦏ׃‬௖ਬჹ̤অ̣࠮‫׃‬௖ਬჹ̤࢔‫ט‬ ք൩ᢂ˷Ք೉ᢂक़օோ‫ת‬Ӑઝযෲ˷ࡂଘᅳ ‫׿‬ᤓ‫࢔ތ‬ᅃჹ˷Ӆঅ໙ք˹Ȟ॔ᢾȟ

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ܲኜᡬࢇ

ཇᐓ‫۪״‬ᅖ ‫ဲڭ‬ ‫֖ת‬঵Ӑ˷ස൞Җጡᠥࣲ˷ᇼ‫װ‬ᎪҖ ᚴ˷অҎኂҸᓥ౥˷ੁ࿁ఒಶߘ˷‫ݣ‬ӏ૕ ࠳˹የಶஂӭ‫˷ݧ‬ኹҖ৯ස˷ҫঅҎᑻҺ ࢔ՇӾ˷ጤੁ঵‫طތ‬ᓥ‫ৄץ˷طތ‬ኹ‫੽۝‬ ‫࢔߶ݳ‬Җ˷ᙷঅ‫᥅ת‬ӲӓӐ˷ҖኹҖӓ࿗ ࢔ᠥࣲ˷ӏঅᏘҔ๬޳ߖҔ˷կঅᗂଗၱ ᥅࢔˹ ‫ࡕ॓۝‬ᑡ֖‫ݳ‬๬‫ؙ‬ҎኂኹҖৄབ࢔઄ࠇ ࢔Җ˷෰ኂҖၱ‫࢔౒ف‬ෞࡧኹҖཋᐗ˼‫۝‬ҫ ॓ࡕᑡ઄ࠇᇷ‫࢔ת‬Җ˷෰ኂҖབղࠋෝӏ ౿˷٣‫ת‬ᅋᘍӐ˷ҫၱᢅಶ॓‫װ‬ӹᑌ˹Ⴠ ༈˷‫۝‬ҫ॓‫ט‬ೆҎ‫ݧ‬Җ˷Җᐗӏៜߖ˷Ҏ ࢗ‫̫ת‬ӧᅳ̬Ӑᑽఔ˷ଗ‫׶‬ଗឲ˷ଗҥଗ ң˷࠷࠷ҥ઄ԗᛎኃԾᅳ‫˷ۏ‬෰઄ԗҡӏ‫ݳ‬ ߶Ҕ˷Җጡᠥࣲӏ‫ބ˷ߖ׿‬ᇷঅּਪ‫˹ݦ‬ ‫ת‬ᄃӃᇛ࿚ᄼ˷Җ࢔઄ࠇၱ፼ᣟᇛᥒ࢔ ༪૙˷‫܅‬ҎْᄃӃ࢔Җᐗ˷ҫၱ፼ᣟ‫ݦ‬ೆ࢔ ؎೶˹఺‫׸‬ҎْᄃӃோ౿ᅱ֗ԷኹҸ൵࢔ᐗ ‫˷׀‬ᆷᗳҸ૑˷ನ౒Ҹ૑˷‫׉‬ᠧ࢔‫˷ݦ‬ҫၱ ࣉҰ‫ع‬ᅁ˷࿬‫˹؎ڼٶ‬৯ӻ࢔˷‫ࡃ׸‬ನᗓࢦ Җᐗӏ‫ఽ˷׶‬ఉ‫ݳݦ‬๬ၱ‫ڝ‬ᠧੜੜ˷ྮఽྮ ‫౒ؙܕ‬ҝ˹‫ެ؞܅˷؟ץ‬ᄃӃ੽ᑎᅌ࢔ଗ અ˷‫۝‬ขᆷᗳҸ૑˷ӏኈ‫੽۝‬ோҝ‫װ‬ಱ˷ ք‫װݦ‬Ҹ˷‫ת‬ᄅ൵Ӑ࠽౐˷Ҏߖੁෞࡧᚳ ެ࢔ኹҸ൵፹ཋབᐗ˷‫ؙܕৄץ‬Җ൵࢔Ԑ ॰˷‫ݦ‬ೆঅ॓ᠧ؎๬࢔˹ 10

‫װ‬؆‫۝˷ݳ‬ҫ༪ൟҎኂൟྠ˷նଗ٥࠾ ӹ૕࠳˷ੁ‫נ‬٥‫॓ݦ׈‬ᠧ˹ᢀ‫ੁ׸‬ჹᘿҎ࿫ ‫ݦ‬ၳ˷࿕ߋଗ˷ᑑҔҎ‫ؙݧ‬ᐗࢦ࿁‫נݳ‬ᇦᘈ ؉˷٣‫נ‬٥Ҏধଗ࿗क़˷༪᡽‫נ‬ᇦࢦᘈӏҥ ؉˷‫ט‬ଗᛎዜ෺॓‫ڝװ‬ᜎ˷ԕҺҩҔ˷ҫ๬ ॓ᠧԋնାެҔ˹‫۝‬᡽ಶಸএ઄݄ॎᚴ˷ཋ ᐗ‫׶‬٢‫ۮ‬ᅚ˷‫੽۝‬ጤੁ֗Ҏ‫ݧ‬ઝँ‫ݳ‬ස൞Җ ‫ݦ‬ᠥࣲ˽ Ҏ˸Ȗ ཋҖᐗঅ࣒ຽ֡Ꮄ˷ӏੁ‫܅ৄץ‬ԕ࢔ ᥅Ӳ‫౒ع‬ၣ࣡ԋ˹ ҕ˸Ȗ Җᐗ‫˷׶‬Քோঅ‫ۮ‬ᅚ࢔Ҹᙌᇟ‫ੁ˷׶‬ ৗ೉‫ץ‬ᐗ˼Җᐗӏ‫˷׶‬Քோঅ‫ۮ‬ᅚ࢔ Ԕࡧӏᇼ˷ੁෞࡧᑖᔁ˷ӏੁय़ӽԃ Җ˹ᢀ‫ྪ׸‬Ҕࢫൾ˷ӏኈঅቐঅྶ˷ ขঅ‫ف‬ӄ࢔܏ߖ˷ੁ‫ੇٌف‬෥˹ Ң˸Ȗ ኹ‫ؙ‬፽ࢦཋᐗ˷‫׶‬٢ྪҔᗯᑩࢫൾ˷ Ժ‫੽۝‬రҥಶ୾˼ኹ‫ؙ‬Ⴃຍࢦཋᐗ˷ অ֗၄ຂ˸ຸᎀӓఇҝ˷Ԑ‫ٺ‬ჹᘿ ӏབ࢔ө՜˷ᝲᚠৄ৩˷Ժ‫ف‬Էಶ ୾˹ է˸Ȗ ࢰཋབᐗࢦ˷Җ֖Ҏߖ๧‫˸݌‬฾ૼ˷ ‫׶‬ᇀසසข‫ؙ‬ఇ൥˷ՔԳ࿩ᅲէ୊˷ ᗂස‫˹֗ݩ‬

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ώഇ૞ᗟ

ˠϠ۞јᒻಏ Ѹ‫ے‬х๯ոঝЀ !!!!!!!!!!!!!ॶ॰ള̷Դѭ΢ ࡘઑ͗֒ఞ҅༯ !!!!!!!!!!!!ളဣളද‫ޱ‬ΰ٣

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

得無所得 ‫ဲڭ‬

ჀҖՃ֖ӓଗ˷ՔோԋᄼঅҎԥഺ‫˷ܒ‬ ӏ࢘ᅳৄӜጹੁ‫ݳ‬෰઄ԫঢ়˹༾༴‫ؙ‬௹ᓮ˷ ҡঅၢུ‫ݣ˷ࢋུࢁ˷ס‬ӏ‫ת‬Բ঵ུ࢔֡࢔ অӜጹ˹ࠋෝੁᅻ๶Ͻ؆क़˷‫ؙ‬Ҕᒜᔘჹ ᥐ˷ҫ࠷֞Җ֖඙‫ؙ‬Ҏӽၱ‫ތ݋‬ታᗓ˷ӌၱ ‫ٳ‬ᗌ‫ש‬౥౥‫ف‬ӄ˽‫݋‬෰ᑬҖ֖ӓᅤ˷‫ࠏ߰ތ‬ ৄٙ‫˷ݦ‬ՍᑻҺң‫˷ݳ‬ҡಶ‫ތ‬ҔӜጹ˾ ৯࣡Քோ‫܅‬઄Җ࢔Ӧԋൄස˷ข‫ۉ‬ഋ‫ف‬ ӄ঵ಶ‫ؙ‬၃ᄃ˷঵ಶ‫˹࢔ؙ֡‬ӏᅻ˷Ⴠ‫੽۝‬ ࿁Ҏ‫܄‬ఖ౥˽Җ‫֖ת‬঵ӓӐ˷ஂֈ၆؎๬˸ ၆‫࢔؎ڼ‬অӜጹ˾Ӝጹঅ֌ӏ඀౒࢔֡Ꮄ ޮ˾Քோ๬॓ᠧየಶറၴҔ˹ ‫࢔ؙ‬ҖҎ֖ఖ‫܆‬ఇ๧˷‫ۥ‬ᕋఇჀ؎অ Җ֖࢔؎๬˹ჹ‫װ‬؆࢔‫ٻ‬ҝक़˷ࡃ༈૑ఇ ყ෦˷৚‫ق‬๧ՔᎨ౲˷֡࢔ᅵ‫ތ‬Ҕ˷Ⴠ‫؟‬ ӓଗ˷෰ኂ؎๬অӏঅ༾࠰֖‫ޱ‬Ӑ࢔฾ૼ ެቋ‫װ॓˾ޮ݌‬ᇷ‫ݲ‬ข‫࠷᠁ת‬ӏঅ‫˹؟׸‬ ‫ؙ‬ᖵࢦ˷ႣຍӏၱԂ˼ӏኈᚽҔ‫װ‬Ԃᖵ˷ ҫ֌ዾӏၱቋ‫˹݌‬Җ֖ܵนੁ؎๬Ӝጹ˾ Ӝጹ؎๬ӌၱஂ࢔ԺҖ฾ૼ˸ቋ‫੹˾ޮ݌‬ ಶ‫׉੽۝‬٥ൄҘ࢔ज़೎˹ 12

᛫༈‫ف۝‬ҾՃ૑˷ࣆࣆ֚࠰ӏӿᘌ‫˷ݦ‬ ӏ࢘Ճ૑অٙ၃ᄃ˷۶ӏ࢘Ճ૑࢔඙ၸ֡Ꮄ ‫ݚת‬ᄼ˹ᗂུႆԗ࢔࣒፝˷‫׉‬Նҥ٘ࡧ࢔᝚ ฒ˷቏቏၅᡽˷Ճ૑ᓥ٘অ‫۝‬Җ֖Ӑ˷ห଻ า࢔‫ݦ‬ೆ˷‫ݯپ‬෰Ҏ֖Җ‫ת‬ԫ࿗ҥ˷‫ؙܕ‬Ӝ ጹ٥ৄ˸؎๬˷٘ࡧདྷ‫࢔۝‬ֈ݃ެҝ࿉˷ҫ Ҏߖோຟӵൟԫ֖঵࢔गᑩެօ‫׿࢔ޱ֖ݳ‬ Ꮊ˹‫˷؟ץ‬ಸএኂ፮‫ݳ؞‬ৱ˷ઈᓥ٘ࡧ࢔ք ‫˷ݍ‬Ӆჹঅൟԫ֖঵Ӑ࢔Ҏኂ؎๬˹ ࠋෝঅ઄ࠇ࢔ᠥࣲ˷ಸ؆ዻ༴ᘌҖ‫ݦ‬ଗ ࿕ߋ˷‫۝‬ᇼҖԫ࿗࢔࣑ᖵ˸‫ן‬ᣌ˸‫˷ْש‬๬ ‫ݧؙ‬ԯᦃ࢔ৱࡧ˷ዤৄ෰‫ݣَࡂݧ‬ӏԹࣇ Җ࢔Ӧിެઈᒩ˹‫׉‬Նҥࠇ଴࢔ઙಱެߓ ࿼˷ಧಧၱዻྑҎ‫ݧ‬਍ߖ࣮؎࢔ፀ੹ᦃ˷ ӏӿᠮ၃‫מ‬ൟᇷ٨ᗓ˹෰ኂӏ౿؎Ꮨ࢔ԋ ል˷᏷ᇷᥦ‫۝‬მҔ๶઄ҸఠҺ˹‫۝ࡃ׸‬অ ‫ת‬ԫ࣮࢔࢚ၱӐ˷‫ޱ‬ᅱጡᅹၱ᥅؎ӜጹᎯ Һ˷॓ᠧᆦଔ˹ࠏ߬‫۝‬অ֖঵‫࢔ࡧؙ٘ת‬ ᅳ๔ӓӐ˷ჹᅻ‫װ‬؆࢔᝚ඡ˷ӏ٣ᕆೡҔ ෝ‫װ‬ᗓҥ࢔‫ט˷݄؁‬ଗҫᓥ‫ތ‬Ҏ‫ݧ‬ᘋԫཋ ᐗ࢔ᦃ߽˷Ժ‫ف‬ӄ‫֗ޜ‬ӏታ˹ ಸઈٌ࢔ᦃ᛽ৱ˷Җ֖‫ތ‬Ҕหक़˷ঀ༈

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

অ˽̫ყ௖ನӏՓ˷౧‫ؙ‬ၳᗂ‫ݚ˷̬ݍ‬ٙӏ ‫ת‬Շ፽៞ҥ˷‫װ‬ᕋ‫ߖۜݧ‬ᎀ࢔ᅚᝅޮ˾‫ץ‬ ‫۝˷؟‬၆ᅅུಸ؎๬ᅚᝅ࢔ԔࡧҥӭҘ˷ ᑎᑎҖ֖‫ތ‬Ҕ؎Ꮨ࿛ধଗ˷ᘋᅃ‫ރ‬ล࢔Ҏ ‫֖ݧ‬঵ࡧँ˹

˘ă۩ኘநຐĂ̙тณ̼ٙՐ ٘ࡧ೵Җੁ೰ఫដঌഢ˷‫ݚৄץ‬অ‫ؙ‬Ⴃ ຍࠇ࢔˷٣‫ט‬ଗҡ೵Җੁ࣒፝བࡧഢ˷‫ץ‬ ৄ‫ރ‬བࡧഢࢦ˷ӌၱ༪ԋ፹ઈӧॎ˷፹ཋ བᐗ˹ ‫ת‬ԕಧ࿘ᑎӐ˷ಧಧᤎҎ‫ݧ‬ҖᚴԷ੽ԋ Ӑ࢔Ҹۖ˷‫ؙ‬၃ੁఽҎ༡‫ݦ‬ၳ˹ᚴ࢔ଗઅ˷ ٢Բঅဋ‫ת‬ջٌ˷ॳԕՔ॔˹٣ਬӈ؆क़˷ ༪ൟየᅌࢦᛎঅ‫ת‬ઝ‫ש‬ᑲ‫˷܄‬ཐതօ౒˹ ӏோ൞ᅁ࢔অ˷෴፭ु࣡ኹҖᚇདขఽӏ ‫˹ތ‬෰Ꭿ࢔઄ࠇ˷၆ੁ‫ת‬Җ֖Ӑ֨Շ˸֨ ၳ˷‫ݚ‬๬॓ᠧҔ˹ࠏᖒ࿉Ӳ˷๬অಕ൞၆ ‫ރ‬ᥒ࢔‫ڊ‬ൟՃ‫˷ݳ‬ᥦկ‫ת‬ൟᇷӐ˷‫ؙ‬ᇷጡ ࢔ٌ౒ެᑩ࿉˷Քᦃᇻ˷Քᖀ࿉˷ோ༪ຣ Ҏߖ࢔Շோ˹ ௹ಶჀࣆ‫ת‬ཀྵຟӐԋ࿕༪ࡈ࿗‫܄‬ᅳ࢔ଗ અ˷ࣆຽ˷ՠঅҎ‫ݧ‬ᝄๅ࢔ሯ၆˷‫ׇڼ‬অள ҥᑎ‫˹ٱ‬༾‫ؙތ‬ᔕᐗ࿁Ҙ໇ࡈֈ؇࿕༪࢔ଗ અ˷ౙኹࢦขੁԎ॰Ӄ‫˷ރ‬Ҏ‫܄‬Ҏ‫ࣾמש܄‬ ઈ్ᔎࡇ˷ဧնᅤ੢˹‫ؙܕࡃ׸‬෰፮‫ރ‬ᥒ࢔ ՇӾ˷‫܄‬ᅳ֌ዾঅҎኂ̫၆ੁ̬˷ཌྷᇼӏၱ ؎ৄ‫ݦ‬ᇷ˹ჹᅻ‫װ‬؆क़˷ ཀྵຟӐԋ඙࠰ᓴ‫ؙ࣋‬ է਱‫܄࢔ݝ‬ᅳҔ˹ ෰ኂ࿉Ӳ࢔ཋ ࡃ ˷ Ҏ ߖ

ၱདྷᠥԋࢦನ‫ݳ‬ᆷኻ˷Ժ‫ࢦ֗ݯ‬ಶ‫ތ‬ᤂ฾˹ ৯‫࢔ט‬ᅳ൞˷఺‫׸‬፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱ‫˷؀ؙ٘֒ܕ‬ ‫ؙܕ‬ཀྵຟӐԋ˷‫ؙܕ‬ၱબ˷‫ؙܕ‬঵౒˷٘೵ ၱՠঅҎ઄൞߽˸‫ן‬ኃ˷‫ރת‬ᥒ࢔‫ץ‬ᐗӐ˷ অ‫ؙܕ‬٥֗࢔˹‫۝˷؟ץ‬᡽ಶ‫׸‬ٙ࿉Ӳ‫੽۝‬ ࢔൞၆ެ༪ԋ˷অࣝಧੁኜ࢔Ҏኂᅻ༶˹ ‫ݦ‬ᇷҥ˷ԕಧ֖঵Ӑ˷ҖҖขՔԳ֗ӏ ‫ץ࢔ט‬ᐗ˷࿉Ӳ‫ف‬ӄ࢔൞၆˸ࠧੇ˷ӏੁ‫ط‬ অ༾॔޾ᝯެൟ؎˹౧‫ف੽۝ؙ‬ӄஂ࢔౒ఉ ‫࢔ݳ‬ଗઅ˷ӌၱನ౒ޯ᠓‫ץ‬ᐗ˷፼ᣟޯ᠓Җ ‫˷ݦ‬Ժ‫ؙ‬ᐗࢦ˷‫ט‬ԋ‫ט‬ҝ˷ᛏ‫֡ט׈מ‬Ꮄ˹ ৯ӻ࢔˷‫੽۝ࡃ׸‬Ҏࢗӏோ࿉ӲӦԋӐ࢔བ ࡧഢ˷ՠঅҎ‫שޝ‬࿉Ӳ‫࢔੽۝‬෨Ᏼៗ˷֚‫ݍ‬ Ҵ၃ӏᜓ‫ש‬෺٥ӏབၳ˷ᥦൟᇷ‫ץ‬ᐗ؎ৄళ ࢁ࢔ᙌᇟ˷‫ݚ‬Җ֖࢔Ⴃຍ˸༣ਪঅ֌ዾӏ ၱ໪Ԃ࢔˷ՔோҎᑻҺขၱ֖঵‫ת‬ի၃ӓ Ӑ˷࢟ॎ‫׃‬ฐ˹

˟ă௣͟ࠎ̎Ă̙т໰ᜪ̂Ԋ ົჹᤎҖየ˷ঀ༈ՃҔ૑ᛎੁೢ‫˸ש‬༉ ࿰˷‫ৄݚ‬Ӝጹӏୱ‫ת‬૑Ӑ‫ש֚ف‬ᅻ֖঵ޮ˾ ‫࢔۝‬ৱࡧঅ˷ୱ‫ת‬૑Ӑೢ‫˸ש‬༉࿰˷ՠঅৄ ‫ف‬ӄެ૑Җ࠽౐˷‫ת‬ᅳ๔Ӑೢ‫˸ש‬༉࿰˷ ईঅৄҸ൵࠽౐˷‫ބ‬ԋೆެ٥֗˷‫ׇڼ‬ӏ ҎᎯ˹৯ӻ࢔˷‫۝‬ၱ၆˽ঀ༈‫࣮ת‬૑Ӑ˷ ੁӃ٥ᚽᖵᒩ૑˷ৄӜጹӏ޽ᡛ‫ف‬ӄ˷࠽ ౐۶‫࢔װ‬ᄅ൵ޮ˾ಸჹᘱᓥҥৱ˷ࢻ‫ט‬Ꭿ ࢔ଗ࿗ን஖˷‫ת‬૑অৄҢ˸әҖ࠽౐˷Ճ ૑ँৄ‫ذ‬ҲҖ࠽౐˷ٙᎺ‫ع‬ӏৄޮ˾Քோ অ‫ؙ‬෰ኂᦃ߽࢔೥౒˷ᎪϽ؆‫࣓٘ת˷ݳ‬ Ӑ༇ᑘఽӜጹ‫۝˷ݦ‬ขঅᤂ฾࢔ఽ˷‫ع‬ԭ ҫ‫ؙܕ‬၆‫܆‬Ӝጹ‫צ‬๗˷‫ৄץ‬ӦԋӐൄൄ৯ ࣡˷‫ࡃץ‬অཐതӏ൒࢔˷ᓥ٘ࢦ˷ᘋᅃՠ ౥஼஻˷ӏ౥ؒ៛˹ ௹ಶ‫׃٘ת‬Ӂᤓଟଗ˷‫ؙ‬Ҏধႆԗ˷‫۝‬ ੽؆࣒࢔‫ט‬ᓥ˷ᑽযఽ̫ԝԮ࣒̬˷Ⴆᣠ ‫ܭ‬൵฀࢔Ҿ‫܈‬ᘉ˹ᑽ‫۝ތ‬ᓿֽԝԮ࣒ଗ˷ 13

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‫۝‬᡽ಶ‫܅‬ԕ࢔ԋज़ข‫ת‬Ҹ൵‫ݍ‬ҥ˷॓Ԃ၅ ᡽‫ف‬ӄ‫ؙ‬Ӝጹ౥ផ˹٣‫ֽޘ؞܅‬क़˷Քோ অ࢟࿘࢔ଗ࿗‫װ‬Ҕ˷ಧಧ‫ࡂת‬၆َ၆Ӑ˷ ӻ‫ع‬၆ՃҔҎ‫ݧ‬Ⴃຍ‫ݦ‬ೆ˷Ժೆኦӏಶ‫׿‬ ៜ˹Ⴠ‫۝‬༪᡽෰ኂࢆ࡬ଗ˷‫ف‬ӄఽҔҎ‫ݧ‬ӻ ৭ެᦃᇻ˷ൄൄጩၱ‫˽ތ‬ՇӾӏ౿ଗ˷‫ݯپ‬ ᙌᇟ‫׿‬࿘˷Ӧԋᄼӏ݃ಶҎߖնᗌ˹‫ৄץ‬Ⴃ ຍ࢔֖ఉ˷ӏҎߖঅ‫ৄץ‬؉პ˷ନքઝ‫ץ‬অ ‫ف‬ӄӏோࣨ॰ֈ߽˷‫מ݋‬ӏֈज़೎˷Ժӏെ ࢔ኂҺ‫֖ת‬঵Ӑൟٌ˹‫ؙ‬ᑭ࢔অ˷ৄӜጹᓿ ֽԝԮ࣒ଗ˷ӻ‫ع‬ԂႣԂຍޮ˾෥ֽ‫ݦ˷װ‬ ೆ؉˷ਓࠇӏ౿ଗ˷ҖҎᎯၱఉႣຍ˹‫ف۝‬ ӄ࢔ೆ࡬অ˽‫؞܅‬ᓿֽԝԮ࣒ଗ˷‫۝‬ขၱᆷ ᗳ‫ف‬ӄੁԳ‫ݍ‬٥ँ˷‫ࡧ׸‬ज़೎˷‫ࡧ׸‬የᅌ˷ ‫ࡧ׸‬ጩ൵˷ታ࿉‫ۥ‬઄Җ࢔ಶի࠮ң˷‫فۥ‬ӄ ‫۔‬ೡ˹Քோঅ෰ኂԋል࢔፼ᣟ˷‫܅‬ԕՠ‫ؙ‬Ҹ ൵˷‫˷۝فؙܕ‬༇‫ۑ‬Ӑ˷઄Җ࢔Ҏ‫ݧ‬౥ផ˷ ᆨଗ୆ఫ˷ӻ‫ؙع‬Ҏࢫዻឡ࢔၅᡽˹ࠏԳ‫ת‬ ‫ݚ‬ধଗ࿗࢔ᓥඡᅻ༶Ӑ˷‫ف‬ӄಶ‫ތ‬ҔҎ઄ੜ ੁጩ૷˽؉ኹӏ؉˷ӏঅႣຍ࢔‫ݳ‬႐˷٣অ Ҏ઄Җ‫ࡃ׸‬඙ԕ࢔ज़၆˷ขঅԳ̫‫ৄ̬۝‬Ӑ ԋ˷Գ̫‫۝̫˸̬݃۝‬၇̬ৄज़೎Ԕ؇࢔ଗ અ˷Ҏߖၱ‫ؙ‬౥ផ˹Җ‫ת‬ᄅ൵Ӑ࠽౐˷ӏኈ Ҹ൵‫׸‬ٙӻᘋ˷ᙷঅᇀ‫ؙ‬Ҏ੢᠗Һ˷ၱ‫ؙ‬࿁ ‫࢔܄‬ᔕၱ˹఺‫׸‬ԋດӏ࿕˷ซ࣓෺‫ف˷ݎ‬Գ ৄঅ˷ჹಧᗂུӏབԋࠏযᝲ˷ҫӏ೚‫ޜ‬བ

࢘᠀࢔ᡃᓧ˷Җ֖၆‫܆‬࿁‫ݚ˷܄‬অ৯Ⴠ‫ڝ‬ᠧ ࢔˹ୠ‫ٴ‬অҖ࣒‫ތ‬এኂ؆ᢢ˷၆ᑑ‫܆‬ԷҖॳ ᓧ˷ҫӏ૕࠳ۧ‫ࢰތ‬የᇷᅌ࢔࠾ӹ˹٣অ఺ ‫੽۝׸‬Ҏࢗ‫ץؙ‬ᐗႦᣠҸ൵˷ৄ൵࠽౐˷‫ޜ‬ ೵࢔ᔕၱ๬ၱ‫˹ݧװ‬ֈ‫ת׸‬ਐ౲ॼ߯Ӑ˷ᓿ ֽөᝐ࢔ߗબ˷ӏҥգଗ˷Ҹ૑ӏၱ࡜၃˷ ҎҥҔգ˷ᄅ൵๬ၱӏᜓ‫ࣇש‬ᅵ၃݃˷‫࢔ؙ‬ ᦏᎿ˷‫ؙຸ˹ྔۨ࢔ؙ‬ᎀ˸‫ؙ‬ઈᒩ࢔ٌॼ ࢦ˷ӏ٣ੁಸ૕ᘋᇼ˷‫ݣ‬ԭੁၱ‫ޚ‬೰၃݃˷ ఽֈ᏷࢔ྍ܏˹Җ֖࢔଴‫˷ۀ‬অ‫ف੽۝‬ӄ࿕ ฯ࢔˹ࠏᖒ଴‫ۀ‬Ҹ˷଴‫ۀ‬Ҿ˷ኇৱ‫ف੽۝‬ӄ ࢔ԋைެৄ൵࠽౐࢔ልॎ˹඙ԕৄ‫ف‬ӄࢦ˷ ଴‫ۀ‬ҎߖҾ˷ಧಧৄ൵ࢦ˷଴‫ۀ‬ҎߖҸ˹ห ੜੁ࢔অ˷̫൵֖অཀྵ᝖ᅳ๔̬˷‫ת‬Ҹ൵Ӑ ӌோஂֈ‫ש‬ઈኀઈᎀ˷؎๬٘ᅳ˹

ˬăຐѣٙ଀Ă̙тҝ൑ٙ଀ ఽԫ࿗࢔‫ࡃ׸˷ݦ‬ӏ‫܆‬ᅁඨႣຍ˷ՠ ੁҔᅁ౺ք࢔བກᦃ߽˷‫ޜ‬॰әۜ˷‫ٻ‬ҝ Ӄ٥˷ҫՔԳ෺ኀ࢚ၱ˷ኇֈҖ֖˹٣অ ‫੽۝ࡃ׸‬၆ੁ୆ఫ‫ف‬ӄӦԋӐ࢔ӏབӓନ ϊ෨˸Ᏼ˸ៗ˷‫ݚ‬๬ੁ࿁ઈߖᓥެᎀᓥ˹ ‫ৄץ‬౧‫ߖؙ֗‬ᎀӓҝ˷ӌோ‫ۥ‬෨ᏴៗҢন ෴ନࠛఫ˹ Ҏ௖Җҥ୧Ӄ٥˷֡࢔๬অੁᚽᖵ֖ ঵˷‫ת‬෰Ꭿ࢔ज़೎ᄼ˷ٙස‫ؙ‬ᚕԠ˷๬‫ތ‬ ٙස࠽౐˷෰অԫ࿗ಧࡧ˷஭ናঅৄᚽᖵ ‫׿ع‬೫࢔‫ݦ‬ೆ˷‫ݣ‬ӏঅՓө՜୆ఫӦԋ࢔ Ⴃຍ˹ࠏԳ‫ת‬ҥ୧Ӄ٥࢔‫ץ‬ᐗᄼ˷Җၱఉ Ⴃຍঅ‫ف‬༈࢔˷‫੽۝ৄץ‬᏷ᇷঅನུՔோ ၱఉႣຍ࢔ԋՓҥ୧˷ჀҖ‫ݦ‬ӏ࿬၃ଗ˷ Ⴃຍ๬ၱՃൟ˹ ఺‫׸‬ວ઄ᙌᇟ˷‫੽۝‬ՓᇛᥒӐ࠽౐˷஭ ናఽᄃӃ˷ӏੁᚕԠ˹Ⴆ൞ᚴ˷༪ԋৄҖ࠽ ౐˷ӏ‫࣑܆‬ᖵ࢔‫צ‬๗˷‫ת‬ԫ࿗ᄼ˷Ӆঅ৯Ⴠ Քྩ˹ӏᅻᗂུଗԕ࢔፝Նެ‫ץ‬ᐗ࢔᥅Ӳ˷ Ⴠ‫੽۝‬༪ൟ˷‫ف‬ӄՠঅӏ‫܆‬ᚕԠ‫ع‬Ӆ˷٣অ

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ᇼൟᇷӐ࢔Җ‫ݦ‬ೆ࡬˷ᛎঅԽቋུኂኂ၇ᎌ ӓ߽˹Ⴠ෰‫߽ݧ‬ᗓྮ‫ྮݳ‬ಱ࢔ଗઅ˷‫੽۝‬๬ ၱ᡽ಶ˷‫ݳ‬ᇛᥒᄼঅ၆ৄҖ࠽౐˷ҫ‫ؙܕ‬ႚ ลᜓႣຍ˷‫ؙ‬Ⴃຍঅ‫ف‬༈࢔˹ ӏየԫ࿗ࡧ˷‫ݯپ‬অ༪ԋઈ̫ዾញȞႣ ຍȟࡧ̬࢔ᓥᅳҖ˷‫תࡃ׸‬ઈᓥ٘ࡧ࢔ᅻ༶ Ӑ˷ಧಧ‫ᦏف‬ႇԷ˷ఉ፝ҥሏ˷ҫঅՇӾ ӏ‫˷݌‬Ӡ‫ת‬ႣຍӐսᝲ˷၆ᜓႣຍ˷ईӏ ோᅁඨႣຍ˹ ‫ᦃ࢔ࡧ٘ݬ‬᛽የ˷Җԫ࿗࢔༣ਪႣຍ˷ ‫ބ‬ନք‫ݳ‬႐অ‫ৄץ‬ᇼ‫࢔۝ف‬ᖴዧዤ᠀˽Գৄ ̫‫̬۝‬অҎ઄ᔴ֨‫࢔ת׻‬ᇷᥒ˷ӏᜓ‫ש‬඘ᕋ Գ̫‫ৄ̬۝‬Ӑԋ࢔ኂኂज़၆ެඡࠇ˷‫׉‬࿁Ҏ ‫܄‬౽ུ෰‫ݧ‬๬অ̫‫࢔̬۝‬Ӧ૕˹‫ٴࡃ׸‬Җ ᚴᅌ࿬ུ̫‫࢔̬۝‬၃ज़˷Ӧԋ๬ၱᤂ฾˷ ‫ँڄ‬๬ၱ೫ց˹٘ࡧየ˽̫Ք၃ँ෨˷ӏ Ք၃ँᏴ̬˹‫˷؟ץ‬෨Ᏼঅ౽ུ‫࢔۝ف‬Ҏ ኂࣇൟ˹ ౽ུ‫ف˷ࢦ۝ف‬༈ၱ༪૙Ճ‫ؙެ܆ࠏؙ‬ ࠏಶ࢔ԋ൞˹‫ؙ‬Ҕ෰ኂԋ൞क़˷൵֖࢔ഢ ഋ˷‫ف‬༈ၱ၊‫ݳ‬၊‫ع˷װ‬༇ࡧᙊಶቋ‫˹݌‬ ӏቋ‫࢔݌‬ԋ൞˷ֈঅਪຍӓ႐˷অҨӾԫ ࿗࢔ᇷ৯ϊ຀˸ၳ˸ਪ˷Ңࢦӏహ‫ש‬ກࠇ ๾ᙌ˹౧‫תؙ‬սஊ‫۝‬౽ӓक़˷Җӌၱஂֈ ‫ש‬ಸ۷ᕞӐᅁඨՃ‫˹ݳ‬ ಸ‫ץ‬ᐗࡧҥᦃ˷Җӓࠏ٥˷Ҏߖঅབၳ བ๗˷ກၳກ๗˹‫˷؟ץ‬၆ੁ‫ؙ‬Ҏ઄฾ૼ࢔ Җ֖˷๬ջጤ‫ރ‬ลҎߖ࢔઄Җઈ॰ެ‫ٶ‬Էབ ٌ˹வԂབ‫ץ‬ᐗ࢔Җ֖˷Ҏߖঅਪຍެӏ‫׿‬ ࢔˹ՠঅჀ‫ת੽۝‬࿁ٌ౾ᒩ෰ኂՇӾ࢔ଗ અ˷ੁ቏቏ಸ‫ࠏؙ‬ಶӐ˷ຟӵ‫ތ‬༇ࠏಶ࢔ ፮‫˷؞‬սஊ‫࢔̬܆ࠏؙ̫ع̬۝ؙ̫ৄץ‬ ԋ൞˷ሊ߰ಕ‫ف‬ӄಸᎄಾ၃᠀ӓӐᅁ࠮Ճ ‫˹ݳ‬Җஂோ࠮ң̫‫۝‬౽̬࢔ଗઅ˷Ӧԋӌ ‫׸ؙ‬൞ज़೎˷‫׸‬ᇷᦃᇻ࢔ຸᎀ˷ಕҎӭൟ ྠ˷ᛎઝ‫ތ‬ք‫࢔ݳ‬ᎯҺ˹‫ތ‬Ҕ෰઄࿛ধ˷

‫ࠏ࢔੽۝‬٥˷๬ၱ‫ف‬༈࿕૙˷ӏ‫۝فޜ׉‬ ೆኦ࢔൓ඎ˹ ‫ބ‬ᇷ‫ת‬ൟᇷҖ֖Ӑ˷‫੽۝‬Ӆჹৱ݃˷Җ ၱࢁᤁᇩ‫˸ٶ‬෨֖ࠅ‫˸ؠ‬ಾಶಾի˷Ғ‫ৄق‬ བࠅҖӏ࢘˷ନքઝ‫˷ץ‬๬অ̫‫۝ف‬Ӑԋ̬ ࢔ԋ൞‫ת‬٥ஔ˷̫‫۝‬౽̬Ҏఫ˷ӌோஂֈӬ ‫ݘٴ‬ֈ˷ᕋၸ‫מ‬བ˷ӏջ‫ࠏؙੁ֗׉‬ಶ࢔Ԕ ؇˷‫ݳ‬ቋ‫۝ف݌‬၅Ӑ࢔࢟ྃ˹

ඕᄬ Җ࢔Ҏ֖˷᏷ᇷՔԳᗂུӏ‫࢔ט‬ጡᅹެ ԋೆ˷֗ӏ‫࢔ט‬Ԕࡧ˷ࣇᅵ֖‫࢔ޱ‬ፀ੹˹ᢀ ‫࢔ؙ˽׸‬Գ૑ৄੜ˷‫࢔ؙ‬೰૑ৄҖ˼‫࢔ؙ‬ᔣ ࡵ‫ܘܘ࢔ؙ˷ٶן‬ჹᘿ˼‫ᦘ࢔ؙ‬৷ᓥ౥˷‫ؙ‬ ࢔‫܈‬๔֨Շ˹Җ֖࢔ᅳᅤ˷ҥң֯ᖴ˷ճՖ ࿕ෲ˷઄઄ขՔԳ‫֚ف‬ᖪᓺ˷ֽ၃༪૙˹٣ অ༇ᑘ֗ӜጹԔ؇༪૙˷‫࢔֡ބ‬༇ࣝঅ‫ۉ‬ ഋ̫ញਪಶᎺ̬˹‫؟ץ‬ᔌየᑞየ˷ӏኈ‫۝‬ ੽फ़ጹఖ‫˷܆‬ආҎ˸ੁ࿉Ӳࠏᠮ˷ӏோ‫ط‬ অ࢟ᑎ˼ආҕ˸ੁႦᣠҸ‫˷ۀ‬ӏੁुซ‫ف‬ ӄ˼ආҢ˸ੁՠ౥஼஻˷ӏ౥ࠏಶ˹ஂҔ ᅁ̫༇ࠏಶ̬ࢦ˷‫ބ‬ԋ࿉ၱ፹Ҹ༇ਫ਼˷Ք Գ‫ۥ‬Շ፽ᝲҾৄҸ˷֗༇Ԛᇟ˷ֈ‫࣑̣׸‬ ઙჹ̤ࠏӖ˽̫ਬཀྵ᝖ӏٓ৯յॿ˷‫ބ‬ኀ ፽ӏՔज़࿉˹̬‫ת‬༇ࠏಶ࢔ᇟঢ়Ӑ˷֚࠰ ‫۝ؙܕ‬౽࢔ਫ਼‫˷ގ‬Җӌၱ༇ࠏӏಶ˷Ժ֖ ‫ޱ‬ဠቋ๧‫׿תف˷݌‬Ꮊ˹

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人生的成績單

ᄌ‫ۅڭ‬ ҨঅҖ࢔Ҏ֖˷ขၱኹ؎ᙱๅཋңӏᅁ ӓᐗ˹‫܆‬ᓥӓጡ˷֚Ҿᓥ‫ތ‬Ҹᓥ˷৚‫ق‬৷ܵ ࠏ˷ᔘჹ፮፮࢔‫ظ‬ᅅ˷ວ‫ݳ‬Ҏರರ࢔؎ᙱ ๅ˼ቋӬ˸లӬ˸ࠋঅ٨࢟థᅻ˷৚‫ق‬ӏ Ӻ଴˷‫ބ‬Ӑ࢔ጋ൤ਪዽ˷‫׸‬Җ࿲Ԡ˷‫ٳ‬ၭ ‫˹࢘ف‬࿁Ҙ๬ၳմ๔ӓक़˷քԳৄՔԳඨ ញ؎ᙱๅ࢔ਪ୊˷༈‫תع‬ө՜㣺˷ҥ՜ੁ ‫ظ‬ତબӃ࢔Ӄ٥ࣇൟ˷ఽՃҎ‫؎׀‬ᙱๅ˷Գ ఽৄӵᒅࠋՆᚕ࢔‫ݬ‬ᓸ˹‫܅‬ԕᇅᇅၳၳ‫ש‬Ӄ ٥ུ˷‫ؙࡃ׸‬ᐗිҥ՜ᑡ᠀˷ଁ‫ތ‬Ҏ‫؎׶׀‬ ᙱ˷Ⴠ‫ؙ‬Ҳ‫ݝ‬రᅹ‫ތ‬٧Ꮊӓۙ၃˼‫׸‬ӏղმ ‫ތ‬ኹ‫ف‬ӄ൞߽ӏ‫࢔נ‬ҥ՜˷ଁ‫؎࢔ތ‬ᙱๅ˷ ಧၱԺҖ‫ؙ‬ӏ‫׸‬ᜟՓӓᇑ˿࠰অ‫ؙ‬Җ๬၆శ ே‫ف‬ӄՃ‫ݳ‬ฯၳჀ‫˷ࡋط‬ӏջᓿԋිҖս؎ ᙱ˷ӻ‫ع‬ՔԳսԷҖ؎ᙱ˹‫ܕ‬၆‫ތ‬ฯၳक़˷ ੁᑅၳᙱᚽᖵ˷‫܅‬؆‫ف‬ӄੁఽ๗ࣇ˷དྷ‫ف‬ӄ սӬᎪ˷ఽᘣ௻‫ݳ‬۲࿁˼िԍ۶ੁ‫܆‬ө՜ੁ ຟ‫ݱ‬๗ࣇ˷ఽৄ࣡֗ॎ࢔ౙ‫˷ظ‬ӌோ‫ת‬೩ᚿ ҥңๅ˷ࠏԳᛎঅకӏՃ؎ᙱๅ࢔ຖೖ˹၆ Ҏ၆ӏ‫׸‬ఒֹӏ֗ఽ‫ᙷ˷ݦ‬ӏၱ‫؎ؙ‬ᙱๅ࢔ ౥ផ‫ބ˿چ‬ᇷ‫˷؟׸ࣝݣ‬Ҏ‫ݧ‬ఒֹ࢔Җኮ‫ת‬ Ҏఉ˷ඣఉ߹‫֖࢔؟‬঵Ԕ؇˷ࣤҡԝᅫఉᑗ ࢔ԝᅫ‫׶‬༾༾˷Ҏರರ༇‫؎࢔ۑ‬ᙱๅҡቋӽ ੩ኻఉ‫ތࢗ˷ݳ‬ዅ຿ᑘߖଗ˷෰̫Җ֖࢔؎ ᙱๅ̬ᙷኌဠቋҔ˹ 16

‫؟׸‬ৱ‫੽۝˷ݳ‬෰Ҏ֖‫׶‬ᇀි؎ᙱๅ‫׸‬ ፼ᗂ‫࢔ۑ‬ኜ੓ᅢᝮ˷ӬӬਁਁ‫ྔתש‬ԝུ‫۝‬ ੽࢔؎೶ಶի˷অࣝՇᅻ˼ᥦ‫੽۝‬ଗଗಾಶ ಾի˷ӏಶ‫؟׸ஂࡃ˹תف‬ဒ˾‫ݬ‬ԫ࿗ࡧ‫ع‬ ݅˷‫ف‬ӄ࢔؎ᙱๅᘋᅃঅՔԳᖆԎෘᇇฯ෺ ࢔˷ᇀ‫ת‬ᤓଟ˸๬ၳࠋฯၳଗ˷‫װ‬ౙ‫ظ‬ଟ ᡧ˷‫֗װ‬ԋज़‫˷ظ‬Ҏւෘᇇ‫ٻپ׶‬ҝՓᇷ ᑯ˷ӏ‫ת‬Բ‫ڝ‬ᠧࠋի೶࢔ॺᓲ˷ँҎߖၱ ‫؎࢔׶ؙ‬ᙱ˼๬ኌঅఒֹक़˷ႦᎯෘᇇҖ֖ ࢔ᅳᅤ˷ᓥඡၨ࢔‫˷ࢅݦ‬ӏՍ෿‫ع‬፵˷หक़ ࢔؎ᙱҎߖঅਐ‫˹࢔׶‬၆ੁ‫࢔׶ؙ‬Җ֖؎ᙱ ๅ˷๬ಶ‫ؙރੁ׆‬೚‫ॺޜ‬ᓲ࢔ን஖˷ᇀսల ቢӾ൝˷‫ؙ‬Җӏᅁৄٙၱ఑ҥలቢӾ൝˷‫ބ‬ ᇷսలቢӾ൝๬অҎኂ‫ॺ۝ف‬ᓲ࢔ᅱ౒˷կ ᛫༈অҎᄅҖ‫ת‬ս൝˷٣অ‫܅‬઄Җขঅ઄‫ٴ‬ ௹Ӭ˷ӏ‫ބ࠰ט‬Է࢔ᅱ౒Գᇛᥒ੃Ӭ˷หक़ ‫׉‬Գ઄Җ࢔૤᛽‫ݳ‬ԝՃาੇ˹෰অҎኂ‫ف‬ӄ ኹ‫ف‬ӄॺᓲ࢔ᅱ౒˷Գӡԕ࢔‫ॺݳ۝‬ᓲইԕ ࢔‫˷۝‬ӏᜓ‫ש‬ბࣩ‫ف‬ӄ࿁‫׉܄‬࿁‫˷܄‬Ⴠ༈๬ ၱսՃ‫؎׶‬ᙱ‫᥅װת˹ݳ‬Ӳ࢔Җ֖ଖ༶Ӑ˷ ਬ‫౒ؙܕ‬ҝ‫فݯࣩݳ‬ӄ۶౵ߖ‫˷ٌࣾ߶ש‬ӏ ড়ᚔᠧ˷‫ॺ࠽ٯ‬ᓲ˷फ़ၱ‫؎࢔׶ؙ‬ᙱޮ˾ Ӝጹঅਐ‫؎࢔׶‬ᙱๅ˷Ҏ௖ҖᙷၱԳఇ ๧ࠋ‫ྔݳْן‬ٚ˷٣‫ؙ‬ᖵ‫࢔ْשؙ‬Җ˷Է੽

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অ‫ڄ‬ขۙᎺ˾੹ಶൄज़˹Գྩৄ‫ׇ‬գ੫๧࢔ ᛹୊กգ጑ᄣ‫˷࣒ݦ‬ห࣋ৄҔબӃᅥᎷ‫ּݦ‬ ‫ع‬ႣຍӏӅ˷؎ৄ๡ᥒఖ౥࢔ᇼྠ˷෰Քோ ӏঅԷ၆ੁ࢔Җ֖؎ᙱๅ˹ӏҩࣾৱҔҎ‫׀‬ ಔෙᖵႩิҶ࢔๗ᓧ˷ᖵႩิҶঅ‫ׇ‬ԫঢ়౧ Ҏ᣹ॷਐ౲ᓥාঢ়է࿫หలርᣌ࢔ཱᄷᓥ ࢦ˷ਐ౲਀ᓥద˸Ӄ༶ᓥద˸᝷ᓥద˸៯ ාެ‫ف‬༈਀ᓥద˷էҸ౲૑਀ᓥదదҶር ጕ˷Է࢔Җ֖؎ᙱๅᇷ‫࣠ת‬ᡀՃᄅ˹Էົየ ᅻ̫Җ֖หੜੁ࢔অ˷ோ౿ᥦ‫ٴ‬Җ‫ࠏؙ‬ಶ˷ ᥦҸ૑ۙᎺ̬˹ᖵႩิҶ࢔ᅌ᛽ՃҔ٘ࡧӐ ̫೰̬ኹ̫฾̬࢔ን஖˷Էோ࠮ң‫˷۝ف‬ಕ ࠏᓥ࢔Ҏӭᓥ౥˷തӏࣨୱ‫ש‬࿽೧ኹҖ˷ᥦ ‫ٴ‬Җ‫ࠏؙ‬ಶ˷෺ኀҖᄅ˷ᥦҸ૑ۙᎺ˹‫ׇ‬൝ ‫ۮ‬ᅚҸԩԆེୠȞɍɗɨɨɛɤȖ ȸɫɜɜɛɪɪȟӥᖐಕଋ Ճ‫ف‬ӄȮȦțԳҥ࢔ఇ൥˷‫ఽݳ‬၄བө୾˷෰ ኂ೰ಶ࢔ାॎ˷ᇷ‫ת‬ԺҖၦ‫ࡃ׸˹ݸ‬Ҹ૑ข ோԳ฾೰ӓԋ‫॔ݳ‬Җසԫ˷Ⴃຍኹᎄ၉‫ف‬ၱ ໪Ԃ˷Ҹ૑ެᎺ‫֖שתف‬঵ུ˷ԫঢ়Ⴠ༈ਐ ‫˷؟ץ˹׶‬Ⴠ‫ת੽۝‬ෘᇇҖ֖࢔؎ᙱๅଗ˷ ҎߖԳ฾೰ӓԋఽ‫ݬ‬ᜟ˷ӌၱဠቋ˹ ҕȦȦҎ؆ґԗ˷‫॓۝‬ር߬‫̫ৄ؎ש‬ਐভ ཀྵຟӐԋᡥॏ߄બၱ̬࢔Ҏબ˷ੇ෥Ӄ༶඗ ࢔‫ޓ‬ᑖӃ٥˷‫۝ݯ‬ᇼ‫ف‬ӄ෰Ҏ֖؎ᙱๅ࢔ෘ ᇇ˷ᛏ‫מ‬Ҏ઄ᇾၨ࢔‫ݝ‬༶ს˹ҙ؆‫ھ˷ݳ‬၃ ࡧ૦ನጩུᡥॏҾ඗֚ҵ‫࢔ש‬ᔁᥒෘᇇ࿕ ߋ˷ࣾຽӃ༶̎‫ࡈر‬ᣁਬ࢔ॿӃ˷ᎀԕ˸ Ԡԗ໮࢔࿕६˷ཀྵຟइՊҸᅳ࢔෦ෲ˷Ԡ ᆠෞॿӺ‫ة‬Ԡස൞࢔ॏ֨˷‫׉‬࿁ٌආҎຽ Ӄ༶ෞ੃Ո‫ڙ‬ᙠ౻˸ᜂ౻˸‫ܭ‬ҹ൵፪ࠍ˸ ๗૴ဦ˸ᗌߝࡈ༾ॏᕓ˷೚ུӃ༶༪Ո˸ॿ Ӄ˷‫قع‬ᄘ؎೷֗˼‫ׇ‬অࡧ૦࢔ຂԋ‫ھ‬ᠮ˷ ؎๬Ҕ̫ਐভཀྵຟӐԋ̬࢔Җ࿗െҵ˼অࡧ ૦ՈӁல୊࢔ை៻˷ӲᅁҔ‫װ‬ԂҖ‫ݦ‬࿗࢔ழ ࢁ‫ڝ‬ᜎ˹‫܅ת‬ԗҎ‫࢔؞‬ၱ᡿Ӑ˷ࡧ૦‫ؙ‬ଗ٢ ᦃԫ੦ཀྵ᝖࢔၄ប˷ଽଽᆷᗳ˼‫ؙ‬ଗҡ٢ԑ ଻ཀྵ᝖˷ԳҸຸҸ࿥ҝ˷‫ת‬ҲཐყᙳӐ˷ۙ қ೾࿹ม˹̫ਐভཀྵຟӐԋ̬ົჹՠঅҎ઄

ᇧ၆˷Ҏ઄൞߽˼‫ؙת‬ਫ਼࢔ჹྦྷң˷ԳҎၞ ‫˷ذ‬඙࠰ᄘ؎Ҕӡӽ࢔යᡇᅳ๔˹‫۝‬ൄൄ᡽ ಶ‫ف‬ӄঅ઄‫ؙ‬ኀӓҖ˷ӏՠঅ‫فৄץ‬ӄ‫؟ؙ‬ བᐗ˷ౙኹ෰‫ذ‬؆Ҹ੃˼۶ੜੁ࢔অ˽෰‫ݧ‬ ؆‫˷ݳ‬ோ‫ؙ‬۶‫࢔װ‬ᔕၱᖆ࣋ࡧ૦ެ൵‫࢔װ‬བ ࢘᠀˷‫ؙ߬ݣ‬ኹࠏ‫࢔ؙ‬ᡥॏ߄બ‫ט׈‬ӭᏵ˷ ᥦ‫ف‬ӄ࢔ఽҖසԫ۶‫ؙ࣒‬࿁˹̫ਐভཀྵຟӐ ԋ̬অᢩ࠰ϽԔ‫ؙ‬ᐗҸ൵࢔˷‫תع‬ᡥॏ࢔ᅻ ༶Ӑ‫ؙ‬ᐗົჹౙኹ˷෰অ‫۝‬෰Ҏ֖Ӑหৗྩ ࢔؎ᙱๅ˿ ٘ࣕ࢔Ҏ֖˷ჹ֚ઈٌ˸૷ᅳ˷࿁‫ع‬࿽ ᅳ˷Ҏ‫܄‬Ҏᄏ‫౐˷שה‬ᇷ೥ٌ˷ӏ‫ޚ‬ղ˷‫ܕ‬ ‫݋‬೛૬˷ಕ٘ࡧୱ࿽ყԫ˷ᢅಶҔԫҖ࢔๪ ၦ˹٘ࣕ࢔Җ֖؎ᙱๅ˷অหܵน࢔˷ҫঅ ‫ॳ࢔੽۝‬Ꮄ˹หक़ᠮ஗Ҹ૑‫ࡧת‬૦ನጩң˷ ‫ॳ࢔ࡧ٘ݬ‬Ԋ˷Գ༇࿉ӓԋை˷ઈ༇࿉࢔ኀ ৻˷‫׈‬ઈҎ‫׀‬Җ֖ဠቋ࢔؎ᙱๅ˿

۶ֈ˽ආȧȭȧຽආȨȦ੧̫ᕆ៨ᣨ៨̬Ҏ ԑ˷٥ࢦ࠰ȨȦȦȭ؆࠰Ն‫؃‬༪֖‫ݎ‬ኁ˷ዧ໏ ৄȨȦȦȯ؆˹

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一百分的人生 ࿥▰വ

̫ԩᖻႾ˿෰আຽᄃᑧၱ˷಩ᙦ࠮‫ת‬ཀྵ ຟӐԋ˷มႣআຽәӓࣾҎߖੁଁ‫٘֒צ‬ ‫੽۝˷؀‬ջ࿭ੁ٬ჿၱ๔˷५௿५௿ӏੁ‫۔‬ ௹เ˿̬ᄃᑧၱಸ๶઄ԗࣾ๬࿕ߋᡥᇇ˷‫ה‬ ‫װ‬Ԃ಴‫װה˷މ‬Ԃ੪ࢅ‫ੁ˷މ‬ႚล‫װ‬Ԃኂ੪ ࢅ˷ᑑ‫װ‬Ԃ૦ߍᘈǷ؉˷ ‫ݧݚ‬੪गঅ٘‫࢔؀‬ን ‫ޅ‬੪गջลӓࢅ˷‫ݧݚ‬ಶຟࣾᑑҖᘈ؉ႚล ੪‫˷ۺ‬Ҏӭข‫ת‬ᄓ୊Ӑ੃༠ུ˹‫ݧؙ‬Җঅᑧ ಴‫މ‬లԎ˷ҎߖੁᑑԷ੽ᆶҝᘈ؉˷಴‫މ‬ᒐ ౪࢔‫װ‬ᇵ˷܏ߖӡ؆ᄃᑧ࢔؎ᙱ˹؆ॎ࢔ᄃ ᑧҸၱ˷ຼ٘೵ၱᡥೞ౺࣑˸ՔԳᅱ֗‫ת‬Ꮮ ᓥ࣑˸೴ᘱ˸࠮֖˸೵ܾҥ˹ᄃᑧၱཋ۷ӓ क़๬༾࠰؆඙ႆֆҔ˷٘ґ࢔߽٘ၱঅหक़ Ҏ઄঵౒˹၅ᚷᄃӃҎ؆࢔‫ݏ‬ਪ˷ࠏԳӏؒ ྦྷ˷‫צ‬㘨ᄃӃ˹ ྿‫ع‬๽ߋ˷Ȗ؆؆‫˷؟׸‬঵౒‫ؙ‬፝༇໪˹ ‫٘ת‬೵ၱหԂϽ؆࢔ᄃӃ֖঵˷ಧಧৄҔᖧ ঵౒˷ज़ࣾ၆क़˹ಸᖧᅻ࢔ආҎߞ઼Ժᘿ˸ ࣼॎ঵౒˸ԔҤభ૩Ҹ‫ৄ˷ޅ‬Ҕ፿஗֒٘‫؀‬ ȨȦޯ؆፿˷ᚓᖧҸण੦Ꮊၱ˷գ᥿‫ݳ‬Ҕ‫ނ‬઄ ‫נ‬ౣᇛ‫׈‬਍әϽْߝҶ˷ࣇቀթᛎಶՃՓଖ ᅲ˹ৄҔᡥೞཀྵຟӐԋჹྦྷ˷ഌ১ᡍᡐ‫׈‬Ͻ ҙْࡧ૦ౙՆ൳‫ؙ˷ޅ‬ዾಸգ᥿‫࢔ݳ‬Ӻਐ౲ ‫ݳשם‬ౙՆ࢔˹ৄҔჲ৭ჹྦྷ˷ಶ౒ᄓཅ˷ 18

‫׸‬ٙՓۧߝҶᘈ؉‫׿‬೫೚ᔕ˸੪಑༾˷ࡈࡈ ኂኂ˷მ‫ٌތ‬ӏෲ˷მ‫ތ‬Җ‫ݦ‬౥ផ˷ՠ‫ف׶‬ ӄᅢ‫ف‬ӄຟᖯ˷‫੽۝‬Ҹ૑অ‫ݳ‬ཋᐗ࢔˷ӏঅ ‫ݳ‬ཋӟ࢔˷‫׉‬ᠧ‫׉‬ਪҫੁ᎙ᅻՓ˷‫ڼ݋‬կ˹ ‫ת‬ᖧ঵౒ຽ࿗ᙷঅϊৱҖॺᓿӏ‫ס‬ҝ˷ᖧ‫׶‬ অᘋᅃ࢔˷ᖧӏ‫׶‬অோҝӏ‫װ॓˹݌‬Җ‫۔‬Ҕ ̫Җެ̬̫ӧެၦ̬࢔ੜੁ˹ᇼҖಶ௴ԋ࢔ ஗ኀ˷ஂᅋ࢔၅ᚷ˷অ‫؟߹੽۝‬ᘋᅃ࢔Շ ᑓ˹ؓഄᑓఀᐐߖҝެ፝Ն࣡ԋ˷੹ಶᘋ ֗‫ת‬ԕಧ֖঵Ӑ˷ᓥ٘ӏঅੁᕆᐐ‫੽۝‬Գ ຸᎀ؎๬Ԕࡧဒ˾ ‫ؙ؀٘ת੽۝‬ෝ‫װ‬ਐ‫צ࢔׶‬ᓮ˷ಸҸႈ ࢔࣒๷‫ޅތ‬૩፶ࠍ˷‫ؙ‬ෝ‫װ‬অ‫੽۝‬Ҏ૑Җ࢔ ‫צ‬ᓮ˹ऻҺ߽Ӑԑᓥଣ˷‫ط‬өჀᄃӃᘈ؉˷ ‫ݏؙ‬ጋެਪၴ˷ҫ‫ץ‬ᖧ঵౒ެ॓‫װ‬૦Ծ૦ߍ ᥅؎Ҕ‫׈‬ಾᠧ࢔࠾ӹ˹‫ؙ׸‬ᅹ‫ݦ‬ӏ࿬ԋ˷Җ ‫ࢢݦ‬ழ˷ҥ੢‫ْނؙ‬૦ԣบུ˹ԳࣾҨ‫ݦ‬Գ ٘೵ၱৄԯ˷‫׉‬Ҹ࢔ᗻҝ˸‫׉‬ᠧ࢔Ӄ٥˷ҫ Ҏּּ‫ݚ˷؎ڼ‬ଗઅ࢔‫۝‬Գৄ‫ݚ‬๬অҖ֖࢔ Ҹ฀‫ৄץ˹׀‬ಸҾ‫ތ‬Ҹ˷ఫҔҾଗઅӏ฾ᤂ ౩ଟ˷ӏ‫נ‬ԣ։࢔ԋ၃˷ಧිᐟӓթ˷‫۝‬অ ૑Ӑ࢔ҹᣜԩ˷॓Ԃ‫ؙ‬ӏ࿬ԋӓ‫˹ݦ‬ཋಉӓ क़‫֖׆‬઄ࠇ॓‫୸˷׶‬၇‫ؙ‬Ն˷ऻҺҫ‫٘ת‬೵ ၱ᝚ฒӓңిಫ؎࣒˹٘‫࢔؀‬ᄃӃ֖঵؎ৄ

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֖঵࢔ੜԋ˷‫ת‬Ӄ٥ଗ˷ಸᕆᐐӐಶ‫ຸތ‬ ᎀ˷ಸఀᐐӐಶ‫ތ‬Ԕࡧ˷‫۝‬Գৄ‫ݚ‬ಕঅ‫۝‬ Ҏ֖ห඙࢔֡Ꮄ˹ ᓥ٘ಸᓥඡӐ؎࣒˷էϽ‫ق‬әϽႆ࢔ ‫˷۝‬ಸ೵ᄃӐज़‫ظ‬Җ֖࢔ஂᖈϊਪ࿦႓ᅳ˷ ᛫࢘ᅳҖ֖‫࢔؟׸‬Ҳ᥅ყӲ˷ਪ࢔অ‫੽۝‬༇ ࡧຖຠ‫ץ‬ᐗ˹Ҹથ‫ת‬༰༰ҢӽӦᅻԫ˷૑Ӑ ࢔֖၃ҫ‫ת‬ᙖ࿗˷ಸӏ࢘࢔‫ڝ‬ᇟᝲ؎୏ҥ᜝ ੢࢔ᗻҝ˷Ҹ‫ۏ‬ՠ‫ْ֚׶‬࿛ల፮࢔᠁‫މ‬ԯኈ ̓ᇒᄃԳइ‫࢔ࡂृތ‬ბᓧ̔˷‫ތצ‬૑Ӑ‫ݳ‬ ԹຼҸથ࢔ْჿ˹‫םٌם‬ၳ‫ބؙם‬ჹᘿኈ ൞ӓᅳ˷ಸӽӽսጩನ˸‫ٳڏ‬ା˷‫ތ‬ӡԕ ࢔ቘဩ˷िҖ஫ᑩҫ‫ؙ‬ၸҸ࢔૤‫˷ٴ‬Ҹ‫ۏ‬ ҫ‫ݏת‬ਪ‫ٻ‬ҝӐሚ஬؎࣒˹ࢗ‫࢔۝ތ‬Ҿ‫ހ‬ ҺȺȻɄɄȿɉҸᓥ൨ၳ˷Ҹ‫ۏ‬࿕Ҵੁ‫צ۝‬գᘈ ؉˷‫ط‬ө‫ט‬၃ӓक़˷૙࿕‫۝‬Җ֖࢔՟Ҏ࿛ ধ˷՟Ҏኂӏ‫֖࢔ט‬঵˹᛫༈֖၃॓؉˷ Ӄ٥‫ݏ‬ਪ˷िҖ㎀ᐟ˷‫੽۝‬ᛎঅৄҔҎդ ‫̯݅ן‬िҖ֌ዾঅᇼ࢔˷ྪ෧Җӌঅေ෧ Җ̰‫ٻع‬ҝ˷ᓲᓲᇅᇅ‫ݏ‬ਪჹᘿ˹ᒩผၳ অᒡӽ‫ס‬࿰˷ӽାࡼᏚ˷‫ؙࣛܕ‬Ԡ˷ԠӐႎ ି૤˷ผဩӿశ˷ผ࣒ӏҸ˷‫ݚ‬ӏঅ‫ٴ‬Җ࢔ ᖴ˷Ҏߖঅᆬଔӏ‫˹׶‬ҙҙԠ‫ݳܣ‬ᚒҔ˷‫ޜ‬ ‫ܣ‬ԍԴӏՃ෧໖˷߲ࠩ‫ق‬ӡᔁᔁҎ؆˷٣ઝ ଔҡ༇ࡧ߲ᖫԴ໖˷‫ٴ‬ҖӏԴ˷ө՜ਪ᎙‫ق‬ ӡ˹ӏঅᑧ෧๬‫˷ݦڼ‬ᛎಶ‫ط‬ӽٜࣨ˷ผ‫ܕ‬ ‫˸ݦ‬ᒩ໚ԍ‫੽۝˷ݦܕ‬ӌோն‫׿‬༇‫ތؒݦ‬෧ ໖˹၆‫֖ތ‬၃‫؟׸‬ᠧၙ˷๬ၱ၆˷ӽңཌྷ‫ܕ‬

‫ؙ‬ᅻӏՓ࢔‫˷ݦ‬ᖵՔԳᅁ܏ӓ‫ݦ‬ขঅҾ‫˷ݦ‬ ӏঅဒ˾ ৄҔգ᥿૑Ӑ࢔‫ݦ‬ၳ˷ញ࿕Ҕਐ౲˹Գ ৄӃ٥‫ٻ‬ҝ˸८‫˷ޱ‬๬Քᅁ܏ൟᇷ࢔‫ڝ‬ᇟ˷ Ք೉Җ֖ӏঅɎͣɏͫɐ෰ጹᝄๅ࢔Ԕ༶؇˷ ಧಧ‫ؙ‬၃թ༪֖˹ፉᒗ‫ת‬ҕȦȦґ؆ᄓңढᥒ ᄐᏩ๽༪˷࿕қຽ࿗ࠏ‫ݏ࢔ޜ‬ਪ˷‫੽۝‬ՔԳ ၅‫ޜ‬٣Ƿ ༇ࡧԹຼ˹‫֖׆‬অْंອӓҖ˷ಸӏ ࠧय़୳ਪ˷ҫಸӏདྷ‫۝‬ᗻҝ˷ࠅ‫ת۝‬գ˷ԋ ೣ‫ނ‬᠓༇ࡧ‫׿‬ԋӃ٥˹๶؆‫ݳ‬࿕Ҕ๶‫؞‬қ˷ ҫ༇ࡧ۲བԷ࢔୳ਪ˷඙࠰‫ת‬ҕȦȦғ؆؆߰ ࿕‫ڼ‬қӓक़˷֚࠰ប੢஖ჹ‫ޜ‬ၡ̓ಸճ᠓ৱ ӠঅҎْਐ‫ܭ‬Һ̔˷‫ع‬༇ࡧ‫צ‬ՓӃ٥˷ӌ࠰ ӡ؆әԗ‫צ‬գֹᒩ˹ Ҏኂ‫ز‬ᒩ‫ذ‬ኂҖ˷‫܅‬઄Җᇼ୳ਪ˷ࠏ၅ ‫࢔ޜ‬ᗻҝެਪҫ‫ࠏؙ‬ӏ‫୳֖˹ט‬ӓҖ‫װؙ॓‬ ӻᘋ˷‫ؙ‬Җૐࠅ੢ᇼ˷ᗻҝҸ፝˷ೆኦӏ ‫˷׿‬ᇼ૑Җ༪ལା˼‫ؙ‬Җ೩‫ޚ‬ӏ൞ӏეӏ‫נ‬ ٥࢔ልॎ˷‫ݯ‬૑Җӏ࢘‫׸‬ٙঅ‫ུ˷׶‬ढ़༅ᎁ ᘈӏҥ؉˷ՠ‫תؙ‬କశུढ़‫ع‬Ӆ˹ჹᅻ‫؞װ‬ ࢔࿕қ˷ӏኈ࿕қࣾࠋक़˷ಸ‫ܕ‬ᤎᅻፉᒗࠧ य़ࠋᒅग़ԷҖ˹‫੽۝‬ՠ‫ؙ‬የդ̫ኀ๗̬‫˷׶‬ ‫ؙ‬෰ጹ‫࢔᠀ؙंؙ‬Җฌུٗ‫੽۝‬Ҏ૑Җ˹‫ת‬ หक़Ҏ‫؞‬࿕қࣾ˷౥ፉᒗҖ֖‫ؙ‬ٙᓯ‫˾ݦ‬Է የӡ֖‫ס˿ܱ݌‬ҫ‫ס‬ᅼҔҸ‫إ‬इՊ˷ࢋҫࢋ ౿Ҕਐ౲˸ՆଁҸ˸Ӑ౲Ҹฏ˷Ӂӂ୊ᡀ᛫ ༇ࡧታؒ൶߰˷‫ق‬Ԃঅਐ‫צ׶‬ᓮ˹ᇼ૑૨Է ҫቋ၃˷‫ނ‬઄ऻҺҥ࿁ిಫ˸‫܆‬ᓥ࿬‫˸ٶ‬ Ӄ٥ዤஂ˷ҫ‫ف؎ڼ‬ӄ࢔൞၆˹ᇼԷ‫ف‬ӄ ‫˷݅ع‬᛫ញ࿅ਜӗ‫ת‬ਐ౲Ӄ٥˷٣֖঵‫׿‬ ߖ༇ᇉ˷Ӿ߃ެ჏˷ӏঅታབታਐ˷‫ق‬Ԃ ࠏ‫܆‬০ಶ˷‫؞؟ࡃ׸‬࿕қ‫ؙ‬၃թ˷Էҫ༇ ᓯҔ˹၆၆‫੽۝‬Ҏ֖̫ҢϽ‫˷֨ع‬էϽ‫ع‬ ӏ຀˷әϽ‫࢘ع‬ӽ‫˷ޱ‬ӧϽ‫ػع‬࿬˷ґϽ ‫ع‬ಸԋࠏഢ˷ӏᅾஅ˹̬᛫የҖ֖ఉఉֺ ֺ˷‫٘ת‬೵ၱӓଗ˷ՠ‫ؙܕ܆‬Җ‫ࢢݦ‬ழ˷ ‫ݦݦ‬࿬‫˷ٶ‬Ӄ٥ᗻҝ໪Ԃ˷‫؎ڼ‬૦ԣࠏ֯ 19

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॔࢔‫ݦ‬๬ࣖᘉࣕ٘Ҕ˹‫צ‬գຽ࿗˷᛫ዤஂ Ӄ٥˷٣֖၃ҥᙌᙌჲჲԐԐ৯෴˷ӏঅ‫ؙ‬ ֖၃ఽ๬ோቋ၃˷ᛎੁिԍቋ၃‫ؙ‬ᖵᚽ˷ө ՜ؒ಩࿬‫˹ٶ‬ፉᒗ֖୳˷᛫࢘Җঅ‫ס‬ә᏿ដ ᝅ˷ٰӏҔၱ֖୳˷٣లًᗻ˸ᕚ‫˸୳ۂ‬ԋ ᤏ୳ขঅ୳˷ई༇ࡧ၆ᇀፉᒗᄓӐ࢔Ꮹঅٙ ୳ࠏਣ˷ٙ‫عץ‬ಶ˷ՠ‫޹ؙ‬༈೚‫˷ޜ‬ਬோն ࿬‫ع‬ᅻ˷‫ݩ׿‬ഄ؆˷ӡ֖‫ܱ̊݌‬ Җ֖࢔؎ᙱๅ˷Ҿଗઅ‫ظ‬Ҏ‫ذ‬Ӭ˷‫ط‬૦ ԣ։ขቋ၃˷ਬ૤๶ӬօᅵҎ‫ذ‬Ӭ˷ँଏս ๶ң˷ԋӐ༪ዦ˷࣒ۙۙҸඨញ‫ظ‬ᅅ࢔ਪ ୊˹࣒ҸҔۧᇼྠҡঅ՟ҎኂႣຍެ༎ᖘ˷

᛫የᅹ‫ݦ‬ՔࣉҰ‫ع‬ᅁ˷ҎᠥҎᠥᅻ˷ಉक़Ӿ ߃৯සҡঅ՟Ҏ࣓ᓥ౥˹‫ᙷ੽۝‬অ‫݋‬ᅻӏԂ ൤ਐଗ‫˷׃‬ৱᅻӏԂҖ‫˷ࢅݦ‬٣Ⴠ‫ف‬ӄმ‫ތ‬ ‫ڝ‬ᇟ˸ᠧផ˸ᅁ܏ӏҔ࢔‫ࢅݦ‬ଗ˷‫׸‬ٙ‫فݯ‬ ӄȖ ֯ՃҎರԺҖቋ၃࢔؎ᙱๅޮ˾‫ڎົ۝‬ ྜ‫ف‬ӄ˽ӏ‫܆‬๧ྩ˷ՠ‫܆‬ն‫˹׿‬ӏ‫܆‬༪ᅵ˷ ՠ‫܆‬࿬‫˷ٶ‬ӏ‫܆‬ᖵఇ˷ՠ‫ి܆‬ಫҖ֖˹෰ጹ ᝄᝄๅๅ࢔ԋᠮோ౿‫؎ڼ‬ဒ˾؎ᙱҎ‫ظ˷ذ‬ ତҎ‫˷ذ‬ᗯܳኹ‫࠰תڄ‬Ꭺ‫װ࢔׺‬Ԃ˷ৱಶ݃ ࢔Ҏ‫ذ‬Ӭ॓ᝄๅǷ॓Ꮆᐎ˹‫੽۝‬Җ֖ ၅ ౒Ҏ ‫˷ذ‬ఔᙒҎ‫ؙܕ˷ذ‬Ꭺ‫࢔׺‬Ҏ‫˷ذ‬অৱӏ ݃࢔Ҏ‫˷ذ‬ՠ‫ؙ֗‬ԋᥒၱ˷੢ᇼҎӭ˸‫ׇ‬ ҝԳੈ˷ࣉ‫מ‬Җ֖࢔‫࠷׃‬੢˹

老人補習班 ၪ஄ံ ԁӾҺየ˽̫঵‫˷طތ‬ᓥ‫ஂ̬طތ‬অҎ ᛽ӏᖴ˷Ҿଗઅਜዠ෰դᅌ˷࢘ᅳ‫ق‬ᄆ‫׆‬૦ ᆷᗳ‫ੁ੽۝‬ᓥඡӏᜓ˹ӏੁԳৄలӐ൨ၳ˷ ๬ՔԳಸ‫؟‬ඨញҥᓥ࢔ਪ୊˹ੁ࢘ᓥ୊༇ ഴ˷‫ؙ߬‬۶ҥҎ፮Ꮇࢦ˷ҥҔҸᓥ˷ӏੁ ԳৄҸᓥঅ̫֚٦ࢋէ؆̬˹ԁҺ࢔၃ज़অ የ˷ҥҸᓥԳक़˷ᛎঅੁ‫׶׶‬౩ଟ˷ӏੁԳ ৄٓ‫ת‬ᓥଣ಑ࢳᄼ˷‫ؙܕ‬ԣ։ኈུ˷๬ՔԳ 20

᠎ᑓ‫ת‬಑ࢳ‫ی‬ҥ዁ᗓഃᇹ˷ࠋࢦՓଣթ፤ᘐ ௙፵ᓥၳ˹ੁ֗Շᓥඡ‫ޚ‬ಶ‫؎׶‬ᙱ˷የӏߖ ᛎ‫ؙ‬ᔕၱଁᏞᓥ࣑Փ౲թୱᓥ˹ ༇ᑘࠋؓࠋഄ˷඙࠰‫ؙ‬Ҏӽ‫ۥ‬ᓥଣҥ ‫˷ڼ‬൨ၳҔ˹๬ၳՓ˷ᛎੁᕋၸౙՆ̫‫ת‬ᝐ ఀᐐ୧̬˹ਬঅᅹ‫࣑ތ‬ᕿ‫ו‬ᔕիၳҔ˷ఫҔ ጩիၳ೴ᘱ࣑թ˷ӏੁ‫۔‬ҔౙՆ‫ם‬ኂ๬ၳዹ ᓧ୧˷ࠋঅᝲၳቀඡၱ˹༾‫ތ‬඙࠰‫ؙ‬Ҏӽ˷

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؆ਊҸ˷ఒֹҔ˷ᛎੁҥ࣒ࣜҸᓥ˹ ԁҺᝄੁ࢔෰Ҏդ‫̫˽݅ן‬঵‫طތ‬ᓥ‫ތ‬ ‫˷̬ط‬དྷ‫੽۝‬೷༪ҔҎᑻҺޯಒ࢔ᓥඡዦ ݅˷৚‫ق‬ᒁ֗࠰ӡԕ‫װ‬Ӥࠇ࢔࢚ၱᛂဋ˷ ‫ق‬ᄆ‫׆‬૦ӓ‫ן‬ᇷӏྃಶҫ˹‫ࡃ׸‬ԁӾҺৱ ‫ތ‬ӡԕᄹඡ୧࢔൳ٌӏ௳˷ࡼ࿶Һ્ᗭ࢔ ࿽Җ‫؟׸‬ညҝ‫מ‬ᓥ˷ߖჀ‫ڙ‬஥ᗫෝ˹ ᅌየᄹඡ୧˷‫ف੽۝‬շՠੁ૑Ӑ‫ؙ‬ᖵ ‫ݱ‬ಶఉ࢔˷Ҏߖҥᅻᄹඡ୧˹౺քՇჀ༈ অᄹᚇ‫࢔ظ‬ԯੁ਀֡˷ዹᓧՇँՈॷϽҙ ௖ࡖ៯˷ᖶ༙ຟ༙ኻᛅ៧༠˹Ҏ‫ݳ‬Ք౾ᒩ ାᑩ˷ҕ‫ݳ‬ᛎՔԳ‫טת‬ᎺၱӐࣇቀ˷ᓥඡ ԂࡈՇӾߖՔಱ‫ݍ‬๗౲˹ӡԕ‫ׇת‬൝Ӳ࢔ Ҹሤң˷ҾऻҺէႆ๬ۙۙᎺᎺ࢔Փҥ਱ ዢᄹඡ୧˷෰ӏֈঅҸҝ೥౒ԁӾҺᆷᗳ ᓥඡ‫ؙ‬೵༇ᠭ࢔᠁࠷ဒ˾ ‫ف੽۝‬Ҿҥᓥ˷‫ݍ‬ჹ‫ذ‬ᓲ˷૑ᇟ၁๦ ࢦ˷޼޼ᦟᓞ౅‫˷׃‬๦༺ਪᤓ˷ׁ৳֚ଟӐ ᅥՃ࿶࣑ॅެប‫࠰ق˹ݳ֒׸‬૑ᇟ๧‫˷࢔ؙ‬ ‫ת‬ᄹඡ୧࢔Ն॰ң˷ᅻәᠥ೾ӧಕ˷඙࠰Ꮩ ՃҔᗓ˹ჀҥҔԣ։˷ൄൄᙘᅁᄹඡ୧࢔‫ھ‬ Ҹ଒୾˷࠰অҫሎຌᅁ᣹˷ӏ೉ੜᅚ࢔‫ۥ‬շ ‫ހ‬೥ҥҔ౻౻࢔ᓥඡҸᅳ˹ ෷቏࢔ᑲུԁҺ࢔ᄏ‫ڃ˷ה‬Ͻ‫ؙ‬ә‫ۖع‬ ࠰ᓥ˷๬অੁ֨ۖ‫ޚظ‬Ҹᓥ˷ҢϽ‫֨ع‬๬অ ੁ‫ؙ‬Ӄ٥˷‫ؒ࢔֨فؙ‬Ҙ˷ᅻҔէϽ‫ع‬Ҹຸ ਬ၂࢔‫ؙ‬ӏ຀ӓᇀ˷ҡᅻҔәϽ‫࢘ع‬ӽ‫࠰ޱ‬ ‫˷۝‬Ҏ֖๬অ‫ߖ؟׸‬ᎪҔ˹ᛏ‫מ‬ӧϽҸᠥ˷ ᥎᡽‫؝ػ‬ᤎ෰༇ඣ࿘ᅌ˷ӏ‫ތ‬ӧϽᛎஂ࢔࿬ ӏң‫˹ݳ‬ӡԕՓ٥؆ॎ‫ٌݲ‬ᥒᘣ˷Ҹਣᛎӏ ૤˷ՠঅᤎҝҎ࿫˷Քோ࣒؆‫ޜ‬ᓖ੦‫ة‬ঌ˷ Ֆ‫ػ‬ᤎ᡽ӏਬՓ؆᥮೸˷࠰অ࿕ߋज़‫ظ‬ԁӾ Һ࢔̫ӧϽ‫ػع‬࿬̬ӓҸᅳ൞˹ ӧϽ‫ػع‬࿬˷ᝄๅ࢔የ˷ᤎ‫ތ‬ӏ࿬‫࢔ػ‬ ݅᠒ྔᑘ˷ӏၱऄ༈Ҹग़˷ఉ‫ࢁع‬౽˷ᒸಶ ੢ਉ‫˹݊ػ‬ӅჹӧϽႆҔᇍ˷Җ֖Ҏᅤ‫݋‬

‫ৄ˷ݳ‬ҔҾ‫ݦ‬ӏۗ‫ع‬࿹Ҹᖌ࢔࠷ᚠၩᚠҫ ‫ס‬ҔӏԂ˹ൟ‫ת‬ӅჹఒֹࠋۙੁఒֹҔ˷ৄ Ҕ‫תعٶן܆‬ᝐ๔፸ണӅ༇ջੁ˷ӏ‫فۥ׸‬ ӄಸቝᡅ࢔࣮൵ӐࠟញՃ‫˷ݳ‬ٙ‫ڮ‬٥઄ᙈᓞ ҥ࢔ዊ៶˷ᗌᗌ࢔‫ػ‬ᤎէ੢˷൶ᦃҙԔ˹ঀ ༈Ӆჹྑ௘௘ᒶዊዊ˷ᓄԦҫ౒ၣ˷ᤎҝҫ ໪૪˷ᤎӏറၴҔᇍ˷ֈ‫؎׶‬๬Ҕ‫ػ‬࿬࢔Ԕ ࣤ˷ӏְᎺި˿ ‫׉‬ᑇដҎ᛽࢔‫ݳ‬Ӭࡎ෰઄‫ػ‬࿬࢔ՇӾ˷ ӧϽႆ࢔Җ˷‫ࡃ׸‬ԝ؎ҎᛰภҺ࢔ᅌ˷ภҺ ӅჹϽӬᆮቋ˷ภᙡӅ༈‫؎ץ‬Ꮨ‫ع‬٨ढ˷෰ অҎ઄ᚳྃඑᇷ࢔ԝ๊˹ӧϽႆ࢔Җ˷ਬᤎ ‫ތ‬ӏጀӓ݅˷Գ؎Ꮨ࢔Җ֖ᒜᔘ˷ջ༈঳ᇻ ‫݅؟‬ӓᐨര༇᐀˷ँӏԳৄᰭ˹‫׉‬లҎ፮‫؞‬ ࢔‫ݳ‬ৱ෰઄‫ػ‬࿬˷঵‫ތ‬ҔӧϽႆ˷‫݋‬ᅻ࢔ᔒ ҫԝ؆ዻҖ‫׶װ‬๶૩˷݃᠀ჹᥐ‫ת‬ಧልӓ ң˷ҫᇀᆮቋ࢔ภᙡҎᎯ˷ᘋᅃঅՔԳຟ ‫ݱ‬ᘿᒩӕ‫ٴ‬Җ࢔ଗઅҔ˹ Ҿଗઅಧᤎԣ։የ˽̫ӏᤎ‫ط‬Җ݅˷‫ס‬ ᚠ‫ת‬൶̬ࣾ˷၆ջঅ٥Ҕ‫ݧ‬ଳೳӏᆲ˷ᅷਜ ԣ։೵ఀ࢔౒٥˹ൟ‫فת‬ӄ‫ތ‬Ҕ‫ػ‬࿬ӓ؆˷ ৱ‫ތ‬؆ࣜҖٌ݅Ԟᢈԙज़ᎁࢦ˷ᙷҫᓿԋ‫׷‬ ᛎੁ‫װ݋׉‬Ԃᅤ˷‫װ׉‬ର๶઄ᅢԒ˷ӌၱៜ ੜң‫˾ޮݳ‬ དྷ؆ࣜҖ ຟ‫ݱ‬ᘿᒩ˷ҫ ๬অ࿽ࠐჹᥐ དྷ؆ࣜҖ˷෰ ଗઅঅՔԳ੻‫ط‬ ᑧ‫˷࢔ط‬Գࣤॏ ֨Ҏ᛽ᤁह၅˷ ੻‫ط‬ᑧ‫ބ˷ط‬ᇷ অӏᖴ࢔༿൦˹ ‫੽۝‬༇ᑘ঵‫װތ‬ ‫˷ط‬ԋӐᙷ‫ؙ‬Ҏ ઄࣒ӏҸ࢔ऻҺ 21

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

‫ؙ؟ץ˷ུת׻‬ଗ‫ط‬ҖҫᛎನུऻҺ࢔ࠁ ၃ެცା˷‫ݣ‬ӏ࠷᏷‫࢘ש‬ᅳ‫ف‬ӄӅჹ౿‫ط‬ Ҕ˷ҫ‫݌ؙ‬౿࢔ᒩӬՔԳ໺Ꮡ‫ٴ‬ҖҔ˷੻ ‫ط‬ᑧ‫˷ط‬ՔԳ‫ת‬೵ዪ‫ٴ‬Җ࢔ଗઅ˷དྷ‫ف‬ӄ ፝ՆҎ‫࣡ݧ‬ԋ˷Քӏঅဒ˾‫݋۝‬ᅻ࢔ᔒԝ ٦‫݋‬ᅻ࢔ᅤᅻ‫˷װ‬٦ோӏᤎ‫ق࢔۝‬൞‫݅ן‬ ဒ˾ ੻‫ط‬ᑧ‫˷ط‬དྷҖ೵ዪଗ˷ӭ‫ە‬ፍ՚˷ የҎ‫؞ނ‬๬‫׶‬Ҕ˷Ҏ‫׉‬ੜᝢँ‫ؙ‬ፍ՚ӓӻ ଒ࡃ˹؆ࣜଗ˷‫ف੽۝‬ӄҫࠅҖፍ՚˷ൟ ‫فת‬ӄ‫ط‬Ҕ˷٢Բ‫۔‬Ҕ෰઄ᅳ൞˹অ‫ץڄ‬ ৄ‫؝ػ‬իᚆ˷ᤎӏ݃‫ف‬ӄየᅻ࢔ᅌ˷ࠋঅ ᄓҺիᓮ˷௹ӏಶӅჹየᅻҔ˾‫ބ‬ᇷขӏ অ˷ፍ՚ൄස˷অҎԥਪҴಊԋ˷ࠅ؆ࣜ Җ‫ۥ‬෰઄‫׶‬೵ዪჀҔ‫ػ‬᠓੨˷‫ۉ‬ഋ‫ڏװ‬๶ ‫ؙᙷ˷؞‬Ҏ‫ڏ؞‬࿁‫ػ‬ᄼՓ‫˿چ‬ ‫ݍת‬ᥒԔ੢˷֗ҔӧϽ؆࢔‫ط‬ᔕᓗ˷फ़ ጹၱ‫ؙ‬ӏի᥮࢔ᆢּޮ˾؆ࣜଗ؉‫ݦ‬ၳ˷ ‫ؙܕ‬ଗ࿗ᅱ౒˷ൟ‫࢔ؙת‬অଗ࿗˷ੁ௹ಶ Փి‫ࠍݍ‬ᅱ౒˷ࠋঅ‫܅‬ӽߖଗՓ‫݋‬ᅤ˹ੜ ࢔ࡂَᥦ؆ࣜҖՓၝ˷ౣՏࠑɅɁӏੁྯ ᅻഄҥϽ᛽˷ᓆ࿉ӏੁՓ‫ݚס‬઄༇ਫ਼࿉࢔ յེ˷‫ݧסװ‬ᐮཿដᝅӓᠭ࢔ඌ੪˹ԁҺ የ˽̫੪ӏᇊን˷ᙅӏᇊඕ̬˷Փচচա ଔ˷ՔோঅԁҺ؆ዻ࢔ଗઅየ࢔˷ࠋࢦঅ ‫ٴ‬Җየ࢔˷‫ع‬ӏঅԁҺየ࢔˹‫ط‬Ҕ˷ੁ‫ס‬ ค˷‫ס‬ඌ˷‫ס‬ដՔோ෰౎‫֟ط‬᣹ᛎோ‫װ‬঵ ๶؆˹ ‫ת‬ԋልԔ੢˷‫ط‬Ҕ˷ੁ࠽‫ݦݧؙ˷ط‬ೆ Ҿᑻ᏷অ٥ಶԝ‫˹׶੽۝‬ᇀᆠᄓԎᔕӓᠭ ࢔ၨࢋ၃‫מ˷ހ‬Է੽Փᓥඡ‫˹چ‬ҕϽ؆ࣾ ‫੽۝ת‬Ԏң٥‫࢔ݦ‬Ҿᝐબ˷ჹᅻҕϽ؆࢔ ᔘᐐ˷ҫ؎ҔҎဪ‫ؙ֗‬ӓ‫˷ۺ‬ᛎঅ‫ڪ‬؆‫ؙ‬ ৄ˹‫ੁ੽۝‬ᒁଗఒߝңْ˷Ԑ॰Է‫ޚ‬ಶԯ ᓧ࢔‫˷ْש‬ዹٛԷ೥ٌ܏༿˹ ࣾ๶ӽ˷‫װ‬؆‫׶‬ӹ‫ط‬ԩ‫ݳ‬ᆠᅌ˷Է࢔؆ 22

ዻ࢔ၨྩ‫ط‬ᛨԞᢈା൳˷ස൞ၳ౐ӏ౿ဠ ႙˹‫੽۝‬ඣӽ௻ᑘ࢔ཋࡃঅ˷֚ࣜ˸‫ڪ‬؆ ‫ع‬࿁Ҙۙੁఒֹӓᢢ˷ԋ൞ҥੁᝲण˷ӏ ᒁ‫׉נ‬ᇀ؆ዻଗ‫ݚ‬Ꭿ࢔ᑅᒗณధ˹ൟ‫۝ת‬ ੽඘ᕋҔԽ‫࢔݌‬ჹᥐ˷࢘ᅳၳ౐༪૙ᔘա ࢔‫ݳ‬ᗭՓொ˷‫੽۝‬অө՜ᡍྩ࢔ᅚ႐˷ӏ ጤੁ‫ظ׉‬ᎁӵߗଘ࿛˷‫طط‬ᇷᇷ࢔Ӄ٥˷ ԕՃ‫ع‬٥˷ԕҘ‫ظ˷૵ع‬ᙱӓҝ࠰‫۝‬ٙ‫ؙ‬ ए˾Գնಧԋ˷ܿԋ˷‫ݳ‬٥෰‫׀‬Ӄ٥˷‫ݳ‬ ‫ס‬෰‫޽׀‬ქ˹྿ֆ˷‫ۥ‬ԋҝᝲ‫מ‬٥ᄃӃ˷ ؆ዻଗ‫࢚מ‬ၱ‫˷ޚ܆‬ൟ‫ת‬ᘋᅃᝲण˷অ‫צ‬ 㘨࢚ၱ࢔ଗઅҔ˹ Җ֖‫׶ؙ‬๶઄࿛ধ˷‫܅‬઄࿛ধ‫ؙ‬ӏ‫࢔ט‬ ᄃ౐ެᤁ‫ࠏ˷ٶ‬Գ‫܅‬઄࿛ধۭቀ࢔݄‫و‬ҫӏ ‫ੁ˷ט‬ᒁଗᝲण˷ᝲວ‫ތ‬ᒁ‫˷و݄࢔נ‬๬‫׸‬ Ҏ؆‫ؙ‬էߔ˷ঁ઼ਂՁ˷ੁວਃᒁ‫ߔנ‬ჲ࢔ ٍ࠽˹ ‫ظ‬ᎁఒֹ˷ᇼ‫ݳ۝‬የঅҎּၨᛵ‫˷ހݦ‬ फ़ጹӏ࢘ӏ᡽࢔˷ঁ઼ਂՁ྿‫ع‬๽ߋ࢔˷෰ ઄ఒֹ๬૶૶࢔‫ތݳ‬൶ࣾ˾ఒֹ˷ҎߖᇀҖ ֖࢔‫ބ‬կ࿛ধҎᎯ˷‫ؙ‬ෝ‫װ‬ၨ࢔ԺҖᕮᓢ࢔ ‫ݦ‬ೆੁᓥ࢔‫˿چ‬ ‫࢔۝˷؟ץ‬ཋᑘঅ˽ఒֹ˷ੁᓥ˼‫˷ط‬ ҫঅੁᓥ࢔˹ӏՔԳុុᘌᘌ࢔˷ӽ፝ႆԗ Җ፝ᇥ࢔˷๬෰Ꭿ‫ط‬Ҕ˹ᗂུ؆ਊ࣒፝˷ੁ ᓥུ᥅‫؎᥅˷ط‬Ҏ઄‫ؙຸ‬ᎀ࢔‫ط‬Җ˷Ҏ઄ौ ࿤࢔‫ط‬Җ˷Ҏ઄ӏ དྷ؆ዻҖയมႣ࢔ ‫ط‬Җ˹‫݋‬ཀ‫˷؟ق‬ ӏา၅ᇑ˷ਬ‫طؙ‬ Җᄹඡ୧๬૕࠳‫װ‬ Ҕ˷ᤎᤎࣾᑻ‫ط‬Җ ࢔ჹᥐ˷‫ف‬ӄҫᓥ ུ᥅؎Ҏ઄Ք၇Ք ၦ࢔‫ط‬Җ‫˿چ‬

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

生命的考核 ─ 離苦的成績 ਮᗄ ೚ᐖᖣ‫ݳ‬ᆠ˷ᥚ‫֯۝‬Ҏᐊ‫ؙ‬ᠥҖ֖࢔؎ ᙱๅ˹‫۝‬၆˷̫Җ֖؎ᙱๅ̬Ҹၺঅॳ֖‫ޱ‬ Ӑএ઄ჹᔘ˸এ઄࿛ধҒ‫ق‬Ҏ֖‫ݳ‬઄ྔٚ˸ ᙷཋ˹٣֚࠰ፀ੹‫ྔެמޚ‬፬݄ॎ࢔ӏ‫˷ט‬ ‫؟ץ‬Ք‫םؙ‬ᠭण࢔؎ᙱๅ˽ᓥ֖Գᤓଟ‫ظ‬ᅅ ಶӬ‫؎ᜓٵݳ‬ᙱ࢔ల٨˼؎؆ҖँҸขԳ‫ݦ‬ ၳ˸Շ‫ן‬Փᖀ࿉؎ᙱ࢔‫׶‬ឲ˹༈‫˷ع‬ண‫٘ת‬ ೵૫࢔֨๔‫ݳ‬ৱ˷‫۝‬၆۶ᘋᅃঅԳ෻ᅻᓥ٘ क़˷‫׸‬ٙ‫ڝ࠽ٯ‬ᇟ˸െӲԋ᥮˸ញਪಶᎺ˷ ٥ৄᘣᥐ؎ᙱ࢔ႚँ‫˿چ‬ ‫֗ࡃ׸‬෰઄݄ॎ‫ݳ‬ৱ‫ف‬ӄ˷‫ݚ‬ጹ‫ת‬Ӑ؆ ᓥ٘Գक़˷‫࢔۝‬᏷অ੺‫࢔ࡧ٘ٺ‬ҝ࿉˷ॎᅻ ӏԂᠧᠥ˷‫فݯ‬ӄಸਪ༣࢔ൄ഻ᄼணఉ‫˷ݳ‬ ࣾՍ֖๶઄ধ‫؎ظ‬ᙱኌঅӏᖴ˼٣‫ތ‬Ҕਐ౲ क़෰Ͻ๶؆࿗˷ҫෝ֖঵նៜҔ˷Җҫ‫ط‬ Ҕ˷ᅴᓱड़࠮࿀˷‫ת‬ഺ‫ܒ‬ӐᅻԕҺ˷ᑎ‫ތ‬ ؎ᙱ˷࢔᏷ԱབՔฎ˹ ٣‫צ‬ᣠ‫ת‬ౙኹ፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱ‫װ‬؆࿗˷‫੼۝‬ অৱ‫ތ‬ෝ‫װ‬ၱӹ˷Է੽‫ת‬ᓥ٘क़˷ӏᜓ࿁ ‫˸܄‬ຟ࠼˷‫ת‬೚‫םޜ‬ኂ‫ظ‬ᥐଗ˷֯ՃҎರ ರ࣠ᡀ࢔؎ᙱๅ˷Ժ‫۝‬၅౒˸ၦ‫ݸ‬ӏӅ˿ ‫۝׸ݲ‬ᅫৄᏘಿ࢔ፈԶ਱˸ᒇᡀ੬Ӿ ಄˷Է੸ಸՆଁҸᒅߝֹմ˷‫ת‬᝗֒ႾӢ ඒң೚᡾‫˹؀٘֒ތ‬࿕ߋՔየᇼ٘ࡧӏ৚ Ҕᅁ˷ӓक़ᕋၸౙՆ٘ᓥ৷௻ެ߽٘ᙠઈ ༾঵౒˷࿁‫ެ۝˹ۙ॓܄‬ᡀ੬৯᠀࠰྿ҕ ࢔٘ᓥ৷௻୧˷݃ᅻҎ˸‫؞ނ‬੢क़˷‫ؙ‬ӽ

‫׷‬਄༈‫۝ތ‬૑ۧ‫ݚ̓۝‬ଗ‫؀٘תٓ۝‬କ࢔ Ҏ࿗ɊɥɭɤȖ ɞɥɫɩɛᄼ̔˷‫۝‬ԋᄼ᛫၅‫ؙތ‬᛽ ၃թ˷٣ᛑᑑ࿁‫ݳ‬क़˷॓ۙ‫؟߹ש‬๬༇ࠨ ༇۷‫ש‬ඣ࿕Ҕ˹‫ת׷۝ྜڎ׷‬ՆଁҸଗ˷ీ ༈࢔‫ץ‬ᐗ˷‫׷‬ᅢҔҎْ‫ط‬૦ᓥାՇ˼‫؀٘ݳ‬ क़ౙՆ߽٘ࡧၱҫ၅‫॓ތ‬ಔ࡜᢭ԋ˼ӓक़ᓥ Ҕէ߽සᙠઈक़˷᡽ಶ۶৯ᘋҔ˹ᅢུ‫੽۝‬ ᑎ٘ࡧ˸ᑎᙠઈ˷ࣝಧᕿশ‫ۮ‬फ˹‫؟‬क़˷๬ ᥅؎‫׸‬ᖆҖ௖࢔༇ࠏӏᑎ̓‫׷‬ҫҎࢗኃި‫۝‬ ̫‫ݨ‬ळ̬‫ع‬ӏঅ՞̫૦ߍ̬̔˷‫۝‬ҫҎࢗৱ ུ‫׷‬ӏᜓ‫˸᥅ᝲש‬ຟ࠼˹ᗂུ‫׷‬ӦᦃՇӾԕ ൄ˷‫׷‬ᇼ‫ف‬ӄ࢔ԋ߽᡽ᇻಶ۶റຳ˷ᇼҖස ‫ݦ‬ೆኦెᔢଗ˷‫پ‬ோӺଗӻ৭ઈֈ˸൞ຸᇼ ॔˹‫ת׸ݲ‬ౙኹҎ‫؞‬ᄃӃӃ٥Ӑ˷‫ץ‬এ‫ݧ‬၃ ݃ᑅ਄‫ع‬መԎӏျ˷٣॓ۙ๬ோ‫۝ف‬ᑖᔁ˷ ᇼ‫ٴ‬Җҫདྷӕ፫૕ᇼ॔˷หक़‫ٳ‬ᗌ‫ݦۥ‬ೆᅁ ܏˹Ӻ‫ق‬඀ߝҢ៮մ˷Ӆோ‫ٺޓ‬Ⴠ‫٘ש‬ᓥᇛ ᥒ˷ನጩᙠઈެ٘ࡧ৷௻˷‫فع‬ӄ۶অ‫܅‬؆ ౙՆ‫؞װ‬ಒ࿦ᙠઈ˷‫܅‬ӽ౵॰ؓഄᗌ‫˷ڧ‬෴ ᒩҔϽ๶؆࢔ᡍ݉Ҿࢉ˷ҫඡሐႚଗ‫٘ތ‬౻ ᄼެԷ੽Ҏఉ̫‫׈‬ઈ̬˹॓Ք೉෰మԷ੽ྑ ‫׸‬Һҹ࢔Ҿࢉ˷ห඙‫ץ‬؆‫ط‬Փ෶˹‫ݚ‬ӽ‫۝‬ઙ ‫ת׶‬Է૑˷௹ಶჀӽઝӅ࢘‫୳ܧ‬ੜӏᒁ˷٣ ‫ތੁץ‬ཀྵຟᓥၱᚴᑓ˷ࠏԳՠୱፈ૦Ծ‫ת‬૑ Ⴆᣠ‫˼ܧ‬Ⴠ‫੽۝‬ӐӴ‫ތצ‬૑ң‫ݎ‬ଗ˷ՠ݃ፈ ૦Ծུࠧ‫࣓תڧܧ‬Ҵ˷‫੽۝מ‬ၣၣᗓ˷Ҹ૑ ԋ࢘ӏ‫˹ڱ‬ఄଔҾࢉ‫ބ‬ᇷҎࢗ‫ת‬༾ུ˷॔ᡀ ੬ᝲԎ‫ࠧܧۥ‬ᅻ‫ݳ‬क़˷‫ܧ‬ഋҔᡀ੬Ҏ൶˷ᗂ ‫ך࣒پ‬ҎҴା๬‫݋‬Ҕ˹ৱུ‫؟׸‬᥮ࠇҾࢉញ 23

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

࿕࢔๔੢˷Ҹ૑ԋᄼᠧᅻӏ݅‫˷๊ع‬ขӏອ Ճᚅ˹ᡀ੬‫܋‬ᗫ༇ዢ˷൶݄ࡴఉҎ᛽ീ‫˷׃‬ ᗫᗫ‫࠮ܧۥ‬࿁Ҏ઄ள൲ᄼ˷ನ‫٘ތ‬౻˷༈क़ Ҹ૑Ҏఉᗌ‫ܧৄ˷ڧ‬ఔ‫ݦ˹מ‬क़ᡀ੬ެ‫۝‬ᑎ ఉ෰ּ‫׷˷ݦ‬የ˽ެҾࢉ‫ٓ׈‬Ͻ๶؆˷ᖆ‫׸‬ Ҏ૑Җ˷‫فࡃ׸‬ӄӏঅᓥҔ٘˷৯࣡ᇼ෰ּ ‫॓ݦ‬ᠧ࠮ң˷ᇼ‫ܧ‬෶Փ࢔ӻᘋ˷ҫ܏༈ӏঅ ෰઄ᎯҺҔ˹ ‫ົ׷‬ᇼ‫۝‬የ˷ᓥ٘क़‫ف‬᡽᥅Ҕෝ‫˷װ‬ԋ ೆնៜᑲᇷ˷֖঵ఖ‫࢔܆‬Ӆӏঅ‫ן‬་ཱ࠽˸ ໺‫ޝ‬ਐ੪˼ᇼҖҫᅫ፫૕ᥒᑍҔ˹‫׷‬Գ‫ݍ‬೵ ፼ᣟޯ᠓࢔Җ˷Ոॷ‫׷‬։ᖆ˷‫׷‬የ‫ط‬Җ૑ൟ ‫࢔׷ެת‬ᠥࣲᕿশ˸ಒӭҔ˷Җҫ‫ݚؙܕ‬ጹ ౽ུ˷ৱ࿕Ҕෝ‫˹́װ‬᛽᛽ቃቃ࢔ࣇൟ˷ ขየ࠷‫ת׷‬ӏᜓ‫ש‬࿁‫˹܄‬༈‫ᙷ۝˷ع‬ᅢ‫׷‬ የ˷‫׷‬Җ֖ӓᅤҎࢗᛎኌঅ੨նୄᗌ࢔˷ Ҿ‫؎ظ‬ᕋӏᖴ˷Քᛎ‫ؙܕ‬ჹᔘᅻஂֈᡇ૝ ࢔Ҹ‫˿ޮظ‬ ࢗ‫ؙތ‬Ҏӽ˷‫ת۝‬੬໠೚‫࢔׷ތ‬ᆠᅌ˷ ‫׆׷‬অ၅૴࠰‫੽۝‬ჀࣆோҎఉᓥ٘˷ᡬӓ‫ڎ‬ ྜ‫׷۝‬ಾҔᙑ୴˷ൟֈ‫ת‬೚‫ޜ‬ᚔ‫ࡲ࢔ݏ‬ᙐ˹ ‫۝‬ҎᤎᗸҔҎᅥ˷‫ݦ‬ೆ‫ݳ‬ಶ਄༈˷᥎ේ˸ᓿ ԋ˸ᠧᅻ˷ҎңҺข໥ҥԋᗓ˷‫۝‬ොොӏ࢘ ‫׸‬ٙ‫צ‬ᘋ˹٣‫॓׷‬նᗌ˷ӻ‫੼ع‬ᅻ‫׿ݳ‬ᎆ ‫˷۝‬՞‫࠮۝‬ԋ˹‫׷‬የ‫؞ؙ‬ᗌ‫ڧ‬ଗ˷਄༈ᄑ ༣˷ҎధಱᅻҎధ˷หक़ۗӏٓணఉ‫ݳ‬Ҹ ફҔ˹٣॓ۙ٘ࡧຟҥԋᗓ˷ֈ߽֖ఉ˷ ‫ۥ‬ᅻՓᙠઈӐᕋ඘࢔ߖҝ˸ᦃႦҝข֗ҥ Ҕ˷‫ٳ׷‬ᗌң‫˹ݳ‬ᡬӓ‫࢔ݳع‬অᘣচཋࡃᙑ ୴࢔᏷ߖ˸ࡲᙐຽ࿗࢔ႡᏙ˸ӏᜓᇐ‫ך‬ᠧक ࢔‫ݏ‬ਪ́́˷༇Ҏӏঅᡇ૝࢔‫ظ‬ᥐ˹‫׷‬የ˷ ෰Ҏӭ˷‫׷‬ขঅᒡུᓥඡ٘ࡧ඘ᕋ࢔ҝ࿉˸ ᒡུፈ૦ԾӺ൵ᖆӹ࢔ᠥឹԐ॰˸ԳӺ᝷֖ ᕋၸ࢔ࡲᙐ˷‫׷ݯ‬ॎᅻҎ઄઄ᠧᠥ˹‫ת‬ӓक़ ‫؞܅੽۝‬ෲᆠӐ˷‫׷‬ᑎ‫ࡲެ࡬୳ތ‬ᙐ࢔‫ם‬ኂ ӻᘋଗ˷ᙷӏ‫׿۔‬Ꭲ‫ع۝‬ӏঅ‫׿۝‬ᎆ‫ے˷׷‬ ߸୳༣࢔অ‫ع۝‬ӏঅ‫˷׷‬ᛎҎ‫׉‬՞‫࠮۝‬ԋ˷ 24

ዢାঅ‫ݚ‬ጹ‫׿‬ᅄ౵ߖ˷৚‫ق‬٦ՔԳ၅᡽‫׷ތ‬ অ‫ת‬၁஥Ӑૅૅᅳ‫۝ع˼ݳ‬෰๹ईᤎಶԋᗓ ᒟᓷ˷໘‫ݸ‬ӓೆ˷֚௴‫۝˹֖ع‬၆˷‫֖׷ת‬ ‫ޱ‬Ӑ˷ோ‫ं؟׸‬ອ˸‫ٳ‬ᗌ‫ש‬੢ᇼ‫؟׸‬Ҏ઄ੜ ୳˷ՔየঅෲᅻҔҎ઄ᡇᝦ࢔Ҹ‫˼ظ‬ჹᅻ෰ ‫ظ؞‬ᥐ˷‫۝‬ൄ࣡‫׷‬ᇼ֖‫࢔ޱ‬ᥒ૷˷ಕၱᚺ༈ ྯඨ˹༇ᑘཋࡃ‫׸‬ٙ˷‫࢔׷ת‬Җ֖Ӑ˷‫׷‬Ӆ ֯ՃҔҎರᗯܳ࢔؎ᙱๅ˷‫؟ת۝‬ҫ஗ኀ‫׷‬ ؓԕ൮ᜳ˿ ఫҔᡀ੬թ˷֒٘‫؀‬ᄼҎْْԎӐଁུ ࣠ᡀ؎ᙱๅ࢔፼ᇀӏᜓ‫۝ת‬ᄓӐ୏ൟ˹‫ބ‬Ӑ ‫ᙷֽົؙ‬ျ‫ެݦ‬ଣ࣒࢔ҎᇼӾ಄˽࿶૦ߍ˷ ུۗԾ‫ۏ‬೚෴ញԫӓຂऌ˷ंອॺఉ੠֖࢔ ૑೿‫ݦ‬ၳ˼ӏ࿾ੁ੢ᇼ‫ץ‬ခҺӓ༣ን஖ณ࠰ ಠᏐ࢔։ᖆ˼ᛎಶࠐ‫׷ޜ‬૑૦Ծ೚ҕ෴Ң ᄓ฀࿕қ࢔‫ו‬ᗃൟᇷ˹‫ع‬٪૦Ծ‫ڼఽ؞܅‬ Ԏා˷ᓆኈᛎ‫ུי‬డ៳˷٣݃‫ތ‬೙ෙࢦ˷ Ӡौᗫ‫ݬ‬༈˷஥ᑎҖ֖˹෰ᇼӾ߃˷ਬ‫ܕ‬ ‫ؙ‬౵ಱᅻҖ࢔ԋ൞஫ᑩ˷ఄோෲᅻҖ֖࢔ ᅳᅳᠧᠥ˾ ᛎ‫˷ؙ‬ᗫᗫᓿֽఇ౐Ӄ٥ҢϽᒬ؆࢔۸ ૦߉˷ಸӏࢁ‫ן‬ᛑՇ˷᛫ಾҥӏዻ࢔ਉຯࠇ ୡᏫ୳˷‫ݍ‬ԋᆮ‫୳ޜ‬ಾ࢔‫ڝ‬ᜎ˷ӠҎԋೄ௹ ུ٘೵ၱ࢔Ӄ٥˷༇य़༇ૺ‫ש‬ኜ‫׽‬ಥْ˹ᛎ ‫˷ؙ́́‬ӿ‫װ‬Ҕ˷ᇷ‫ࡧܕת‬ҎҎታᅳ˹ ᓥ٘˷অᓥ٘ࣕ࢔၄ຂኹຸᎀ˷অᓥ٘ ࣕᇼ֖‫࢔ޱ‬᡽ᖯ˹ఖ෷‫޳ٶן‬༈ӏঅ٘೵૫ ࢔֡Ꮄ˷‫޽ݱ੽۝ݯپ‬Ңᡍ˸৷௻٘ࡧ˸ٌ յॿ˸ఽ٘‫˸ݦ‬ౙՆᄃӃٌ‫׋‬༾༾˷෰ҫ࿾ অ٥ৄ٘೵૫ᘋ֯࢔౺քՇᑓ˼ՠ‫ఽתؙ‬෰ ‫ݧ‬Շᑓଗ˷ಸӐെӲԋ᥮˷ຟ࠼‫֗˷۝ف‬ ၄ຂ‫ݳ‬Ո૕˸፫૲‫ٴ‬Җ࢔ᖴዧ˷ຸ֗ᎀ‫ݳ‬ ੢ᇼ˸Ӳᅁ‫ف‬ӄ࢔ఐᇟ˷Գ‫ެޱ֖ݯ‬ᖎ‫׿‬ ᅄ˷ញਪಶᎺ˷‫ݚ‬ӌኌঅෲᅻ‫ظ‬ᅅ˹ᥦ‫۝‬ ੽‫֯מ‬Ճᗯܳ؎ᙱ࢔‫ט‬ઈᓥඡ˷ᥦ‫ف‬ӄҫ ֯ՃҎರᇀᎯ࢔؎ᙱๅ‫˿چ‬

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ॠ࡚ေஶ ᡛ‫ק‬ ็ٚ ‫۝‬࿕ߋᓥ٘˷ಸୃ౲इ࿽٘೵ৄఉ‫˷܄‬ ҎғҙȦ؆႐࠰‫־‬ᎃՃ૑֖঵࢔Ҏ‫׀‬ᎉᎍ˷ ఖ‫܆‬೰ഘ࢚ၱ֖঵࢔ҎኂᗻҝӓӦԋᅁ࠮˷ ܏ߖ‫݋‬࿁٘೵࢔Ӂ࣓˹෰অ‫۝‬Җ֖Ӑ࢔ҎҸ ᝲ۬˷ҫঅ‫۝‬ᅣᅻߝ૑֖঵ӓ൓ඎ࢔Ҏ઄߬ ᅱ࢔࿕ߋ˷‫فݯ‬ӄ࢔Җ֖ᦃެԫঢ়ᦃข‫ת‬Ճ ૑༇ܲ࢔࿦ᥒ֖঵Ӑᕆᐐ؎࣒˷ҫ‫فݯ‬ӄ‫ת‬ ٘೵೵ܾӐԽᇷ˸֨࣡˸‫ف‬๪˹ӧ؆ᅻՓ Ҕ˷ಸइ࿽ҥ૩฀٘೵ᝲ‫מ‬Պ࿽࢔Ҹ੭٘ ೵˷অ‫۝‬Җ֖Ӑ࢔՟Ҏ઄ᝲ᥅˷෰Ꭿ‫۝ݯ‬ ӏՠᇼؓຽ‫ה‬ॎ٘೵ዤ᠀Նൄ˷۶ᇼ‫ބ‬༪ ૙‫َف‬౴ᜌҸ‫ތ‬Ӑ౲Գթ࢔ཀྵ᝖ज़၆‫ؙ‬Ҕ ۶ൄ፹࢔ዤ᠀˹ Ӑ౲٘೵‫ބف‬ԑӲ࢔ҩዾ˷౲ҵ࢔ᖬ ᛤ˷Ӂࡡ࢔ܳᡀ˷ծܾՃӐ౲٘೵࢔ᝩ๧ ӦിӺ‫ބ‬൵‫װ‬࿽ࠐ˹਍ҎҲғ‫ذ‬؆࿗˷٘ ೵؎ৄӐ౲ԑӲ࢔ӏՔӬอ࢔฀Ӭ˹ෝ‫װ‬ ٘೵࢔‫ן‬ӁҸ‫˷؀‬ᔘჹ‫ם‬຾Թ༇Ꭺ‫࢔؞‬ԑ Ӳஊឲ˷੼Ҕҡੜॏ˷݃᠁Ҕ‫צװ׶‬฾ग़ ༇ಧ࢔Җࠇ˹ࢗ‫ތ‬әϽ؆Թ˷‫࢔۝‬૦ԣࢡ ᎓ҥҖ˷ᙠߕᚒᘱষ˷‫ف‬࿣ᕵӁჹᅻ੬໠೥ ፹٘ࡧ‫ތ‬इব˷૦ࠐӿྃҸ૦ϊԳੜ೵ܾᒁ ᘋൟԹ࢚ၱৄୠ᛽˷অ೥౒Җ࿗٘೵࢔Ӑ౲ ࡧ૦˹Ҏғәէ؆˷૑૦඀֊ర‫ݳ‬Սૡ‫ޓ‬ᖧ ర‫٘ݨَݳ‬೵ᙷၱ˸ర‫٘ݨَݳ‬ᓥద‫ݣ‬ฯॏ Ңᎀᚴ౻༾ᅳ๔˷ৄ٘೵ծܾҔ൵‫װ‬ᆹӌኹ չࡧҖӌ˹૑૦ࢡ᎓ҥҖ˷ಶ‫ތ‬๪ኃৄ̫ర ‫ݨَݳ‬Ҹ੭٘೵༪૙ӓԣ̬ርᣌ˹๬‫ބ‬Ҏ֖ ࢔ఈᡛ‫׈ؙ֡‬გ˷࣓ң࢔ᆹ࣮է൵‫ۏ‬ҺᅼӺ

໠˸ኸ˸ࡂइ‫˸ݨ‬ᔡভ˸ՊਐӓՆଁҸኹਐ ౲˷ՔԳኌঅ࣓૫Ӭ٬‫ތ‬୊թ‫שם‬Ҕ˷Ӑ౲ ٘೵‫ת‬Է࢔࿽ࠐӓң˷ҫኌӏఎ‫˹ޱݯ‬ ‫ת۝‬Է‫ݍ‬᠓Ң؆˷ֽᝐቴద˷፝፹Ҕ݃ ክ˷ҫᓥ‫ތ‬ҔӐ౲٘೵ᜃࡈϽҙๅ࢔ӬӃ‫נ‬ ٥ኈ൞ჹᥐ˹ᓥාኹٌॼหੜྑ࢔๬অ౺᜸ ࢔ఀᐐ˹٘೵࢔࿽ࠐขঅ෰Ꭿ˷‫ط‬շ৯ᗂ˸ ๪ҥ૩˸ੜҸ൵˸ն༾৯ස˷ᓥඡެჹᥐ˸ Ӧઈኹթչ‫ט‬ଗ‫ރ‬ล࠰‫؀‬ద˿կӏՠঅၺॷ ҔൟԹ࢔Ҏࠏᓥଣ˷ҫঅҎ࿗ө՜˷۶অҎ ઄֖঵࢔ᅳ๔˹٘೵࢔֡࢔‫࠰ת‬ս෺ٌৄኇ ֈ˸࣡‫־‬౵޳˸ज़၆ᚺᅵ˸‫ف‬ॖᡇᝦ˸࢚ၱ ෥ֽ࠷᏷࢔֖ҝੋ˷ৄ࢚ၱᅳ፽೵ܾ˸ܿ‫׶‬ ग଴˸ల෵ज़၆˷߲ᢾҔҎ઄Օ‫࢔ݳ‬࿽ࠐ˷ ‫۝‬অ෰Ꭿ࢔ౙՆҔ෰‫׀‬Ӄ٥˷ۧ‫ތ‬ҔՃᅤ˷ ԃ‫ބ‬অԋ᥮‫ؙ‬Ҕᜟ಑˹ ‫ת‬ర‫˷ݨَݳ‬۶‫࢔װ‬ଗ࿗˷‫۝‬ᓥඡ٘೵ ඗ᝆ࢔ఀᐐӃ٥˷क़‫ݳ‬ҫᓿჀᅻ౾ఀ؆ዻң ҎԹ˷ᓿֽᅻర‫٘ݨَݳ‬೵ᙷၱࣜ؆ᇛ౎ԯ ֽ˹‫܅‬઄Җ࢔؎࣒؎Ꮨขጤੁᑒ‫ץװ‬ᐗ࢔ᘈ ‫٘˷؎ڼݳٺ‬೵࣡‫־‬অ‫۝‬ॎᅻࣜ؆‫؎ތ‬؆ห Ҹ࢔౒ҝ˷Էӏՠঅৄ‫۝‬࿕ࠚҔԫঢ়ᦃ‫݋‬Ճ Ҕ౲࣓˷۶ৄ‫ת۝‬ज़၆ኹٌৄҥ‫ۥ‬॰ҔԔ ‫ݣ˹מ‬ԭདྷӕ‫۝‬੢ᇼԫঢ়࢔࣡ԋኹҝ࿉˷ ԃ‫ބ‬অᄏң෰ྯၸಱ౲ϊਐ౲˹

ವ‫ޥ‬ăҖཙ Ҏғҙғ؆˷‫۝‬ჹ֚ᔡভ‫ތݳ‬ਐ౲˷‫ץ‬ ᐗঅ‫ݚ‬ᎯӏՔᆦ࢘˷ઝ‫ݳ‬ք၆ୱ‫ת‬ᔡভ‫ٺޓ‬ ૦Ծᡬ࠷ࡧ૦չࡧ‫ܕ˷֖ٶ‬၆‫ތ‬ईঅኹਐ౲ 25

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

෰ဪҵ‫ש‬۶‫ؙ‬ᐗ˹‫ת‬ਐ౲ம਍˷‫ֽົ۝‬ᝐਐ ౲٘೵ၱ̓Ҹ᡽‫̔؀‬ቴద‫ތ‬ӵֽٓ॰˼઎ᝐ ம਍٘೵ᚇ‫נ‬ၱ஠ଟ˼ൟ‫ת‬Ӡ༈ᓿֽம਍࣡ ᠮٌ٘ᓥԑ೵Ӑԋᣠ౥˸ࡥҶᆨҲ٘‫؀‬ᄣ ‫˸ݦ‬າᑦᚴ౻ᣠ౥˸ਐӐ٘೵ၱԯ૥˸ࢵ Նથֈ᡽‫ٓ؀‬॰˹ ‫צ۝‬ᣠ‫ތ‬ਐ౲Ͻә؆˷༩ฏَߡक़˷‫ݳ‬ ‫ތ‬ம਍˷ӌኌঅ‫ת‬ౚङᆨ෰ဪҸᏼ֤ҥ˷ៜ ٓҔ캐˹Քঅ˷‫צ‬၆ଖߝਐ౲ࣆຽ˷ਐ౲ অҎ઄ᓪུ‫۝‬ҕϽғႆ࢔Җ֖ჹᔘӏ‫݌‬Գዤ ᠀Է࢔౲૑˹ๅᓪᇼ٘೵࢔ዤ᠀ኹᏚೆެ չࡧ࢔೥‫۝˷ݯ‬ᛎঅ ӏࠅҖ݃஥˷Ҹᚏ˸ उᚐ֟‫ש‬೥ᒐུ‫ف‬ ӄ˸़࿽ུ٘೵˷ᓪ ུ٘ᓥ࢔࢘᠀˸ๅ‫ݍ‬ ቊ༇൓༇ೣ࢔ዯ൒˷ ‫׉‬Նҥ‫ࡈٯ‬ᆨᙷඐჀ ॼԳ‫˷ݳ‬ҙ؆࢔ჹᘱ ؎࣒˷‫۝‬ၛҔҎᑬࣤ ‫݋˷ݎ‬ᅻҎᅳࠚ௙࢔ ଖ༶˹ଗԹᇼ‫۝‬অৗ ೉˼ᆷኻެःᗳ࢔˼‫ف۝ع‬ӄҫঅዤஂ˸ं ອ˸౵Ꮑ࢔˹ӏঅኹ൵ӏ‫˷ט‬ҫӏঅኹ‫ٌט‬ ࿗଴଴ӏҘ˷‫ৄץ‬սಸ‫۝‬ୱ‫ת‬ਐ౲٘೵ၱ̓ Ҹ᡽‫˸؀‬යᡇ‫౐࠽̔؀‬Գ‫˷ݳ‬ขҎࢗ‫ת‬๫ज़ ެٌᄏ˹‫צ‬၆ᅻ߶࢔Ҹᚏࣸ࿁˷‫۝‬ଗಧ၅߽ ᣋࡧབ࣡ҭ߽၄̓౲֊ᢞӤ‫ط‬Ӆॽᘣᇻదҭ Ֆֽӓҹ̔࢔ॏ݅˽‫ת‬ਐ౲ᑎߕ೵˷ੁ࢘ᅳ ٌ̫ೆ̬ౢ˿ ๫ज़ϊ‫ڝ‬ᠧ౥ផ˷෺؎ᠧ൥ጤੁ๫ज़˷ ‫۝‬চჹ˸የ೵˷ҫঅᘈ‫ٺ‬๫ज़˷Ճ૑չࡧ໏ ኀ˷Ғঅࢗ೚‫ש‬ᇼࣾຶ਄ஊҎᐘ‫ש‬ᇼթኈ ᕐ˷ኹ‫ބ‬የঅչࡧ‫˷֖ٶ‬ӏ‫׸‬የঅ‫ڏ‬ԧԊ Җ࡜֡ᛎ‫˹׶‬Ӑ౲٘೵˷әϽ؆Թӓक़˷‫ת‬ ౲ᠧ˸೵ᠧӓңՃ‫˸ࡧ˸٘˷݋‬ᆹข‫݋‬ಶӏ ؎ᎯҺҔ˼‫ތ‬ґϽ؆Թ˷যᄘ‫ތ‬୊թ࢔٘೵ 26

ᆹٝ˷‫ת‬૑ᅳӐᄘक़‫؎ع‬ᠧ֊˸඀֊˷֚࠰ էҾᗭϊϊ໠˸ኸ˸ၨ˸ᛯჹᘱ޾ᝯನ౒Ҕ ࢚ၱ࢔࿁‫ߕެ܄‬೵࢔࣡‫٘˷־‬೵‫ؙ‬Ҕ፫፹࢔ ֖‫࢟׻‬࿗˼Նҥׁၳ࢔඗ᝆኈ൞˷౛ၳ࢔ٌ ᒐ෴᝼߮˷ғϽ؆Թࣆ࢔Ӑ౲٘೵‫ת‬୊թঅ ‫ؙ‬ኀା࢔˷‫੽۝‬෰ҎԹ๬૙ൟҔ঵ҝ˼ҫ‫ץ‬ ৄ਀ۡ˸೵ܾ˸ॼࡲ˸ఇ๧༾࢔࿁‫˷܄‬۶໳ ഋॏ֨ᅳ፽˸ઌ൞˸లᏈ࢔ፀ੹ᦃ˼ԳӺെ Ӳ‫ݍ‬ԋ˸࢚ၱ˸ᙌࣨ༾‫ف‬༈֖ልնᖀ࢔ԫঢ় ᦃ˹٘೵࢔ᦃ߽˷ҡ؎ৄ฀ӬൟԹҖࠏఖ‫܆‬ ࢔᥌ᓥ˷Ճ૑࢔٘೵రҥ๬؎ৄྩ೿Ҕ˹‫؀‬ ద࢔ᤁहӺየᅌ࢔‫׀‬࿉˷‫٘ץ‬ᓥ࢔‫נ‬൞ࠇర ҥҡಶࡧҔ˹ ӧϽ؆Թ˷඀֊ਐ ౲࢔Ճ૑൵॓Ԃႚล࿽ ೵ோҝ࢔˷Ҹਣҥ˷Ӑ ౲٘೵࢔Ճ૑൵অᢩ࠰ ๫ۧၨ֖঵࢔඀֊˷ࠋ ࢦకᛌ౲ᠧ࢔ᠧ֊˹ҙ Ͻ؆Թ٘೵ጩᓧҖ‫ظ‬ᎁ ‫ތ‬ҖԎӏ‫˷݌‬ҫৄ‫ט‬ᅳ ԊӢ˷ԯ౒࢔ᘈ‫ٺ‬Ҕ٘ ೵඀֊˹‫ތ‬ҔғϽ؆Թ˷ৄҔ࿽ࠐ೚໊˷ࣉ ‫ࣜݳ‬؆Ҏᑻ࢔࢘᠀٘೵؎બ੽˷ࠋࢦ‫ת‬க౲ ٘೵‫ݦ‬ၳӅ‫ؙ‬᛽౺᜸˸၆‫َݳ‬Ԕԫঢ়࿕઄Ӭ ߮࢔ྩ೿඀֊˷‫ރ‬ಔၳோҝ̓ྩ೿ӓߖᄃ˽ ‫ؙ‬లߛ࢔֖঵ඡ࣮˷๧ᄾ࢔ԑӲഝּ˹‫ט׸‬ ਱౲˷ࡧ౲࢔ྩ೿˷অ‫ט‬෰௖ᤁྩ˷ҥয࢚ ၱܿ‫׶‬೵ܾ࢔Թࣇ̔˷ಸ౲ᠧ˸೵ᠧ˸ᠧ֊ ‫ྩތ‬೿˷٘‫ۏ‬Һ‫ف‬ਪ੓ࠇ࢔ԫ࿗‫ތ݋‬ਪᎺౙ Ս࢔Җ࿗ҥ‫˷ݳ‬ᙌᇟ࢔ᒄᅹՔԳ‫ؙ‬ಶᖪᓺ Ҕ˷᡽૷࢔ઈৄӺᕆᐐई‫ؙ॔‬࣒፝˹ ਐ౲অ઄‫֊֚ف‬ԯ࢔౲૑˷ᅳ፽࢔˸ӏ ᅳ፽࢔࢚ၱൟྠኹज़၆ፀ੹࣡‫ؙܕ˷־‬ୠߖ ࢔Ꮄႚ˹‫ؙ‬Җየ˷ॼ˸೵Ӭࡲ࢔ਐ౲˷Җࠇ ᇼ۟˷၃᠀णልᇼᚓ‫ט׸‬ҸԠҸԡ˷ज़၆݅ ᑘ˸඗ᝆ঵౒༾࢔֨‫݌‬᛽‫װ‬ಶ༇ࡧᒁಸ˹՟

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

թ˷৯ᇼ࢔਀ᓥᦃ࡜၃‫ތ‬ൟࣾԫ࿗࢔۲᥅˷ ஖ᓥईࣨ‫ུ׽‬ฯ෺࢔ాҸ˷ӡӽਐ౲ྯர࢔ ಱҸ˷ॼࡲ˸ੋ‫࢔ݦ‬ᔢ࿁˷ߕ೵ӓ‫װ‬Ӥ˷֚ ‫ބ‬౺ბ೵ኹ‫צ‬೵ӓ࿗࢔֢৲˷‫فݯ‬ӄೡ࿁Ҕ Ո๑˷‫ؙ‬Ӝጹҝ࿉ՔԳ‫ݯ‬Էᅣྮ࠰ԠൄԡᏚ ӓӐޮ˾

਍࢔ᚇ‫נ‬౲ᙷ฀ҎᎯ˷Ҳሤყ൵˹կ࢔೵ܾ քᑩ˷‫ט׸‬ԁ‫ط‬ӾҺࠏ݅࢔̫‫ؙ‬೵༇ᠭ̬˷ ᔕၱঅն༾࢔˷٣ՃҖᗓ‫ש‬ईੁᒡ‫ם‬Җ࢔ຸ ோ˹‫ྯ˽׸ݲ‬ᅻҎ‫ذ‬ԍҖ૑࢔ٓස๬‫ؙ‬Ӑ౲ ᗖᗗ˹෰๬অ‫ذނ‬؆ӏ‫࢔ތ‬ਐ౲ࠚ௙ን஖࢔ ྑᐘ˹‫ש‬Ҹ˸ࢅิҖ༸˷ҥॉ࢔፫उདྷ‫؟‬ ‫ש‬൵֖Ҏ‫׀‬ୠ‫࢔ٴ‬ኀ੦˹‫٘˷؟ץ‬೵‫ތݳ‬ ෰Ҏԥኀ‫׸˷ש‬ٙ༪ຣ‫ف‬ӄ࢔༇ࢁ˸૵ࢁ ज़၆ޮ˾

ٌᄏϊϊᑲ‫݌‬ਐ౲‫ތ‬ൟ‫ࡂ˷ߡَ˼ת‬ ߡ˷Պਐइ฀࢔٘៨‫ݝ‬ᅵ˸፽‫َ˷؃‬Պ฀ ࢔َ࿤ᇜ˸ཱ൳ᆨ˷Ӑَ฀࢔ֵ‫ٶ‬ᖐ˸ಒ ᡸ‫׉˷ֱࣱࣱ˸ݝ‬Նҥઙଖٌჹᅻ࢔Ӑَ ฀ӧ઄‫ࡱ˷؃‬ᅤ‫݋‬ᅻ‫࣑ൂݚ‬ᇧ‫ࠚ˷ש‬௙࢔ԧ Ե‫݌‬ᅡࠏ‫ތ‬ӓස༾˷ଖٌ ᅼӺҸՍ઄ਐ౲Ҕ˷ጩ૷ ҔҎ‫ݧ‬ਐ౲Җԋࠏ‫֖˷מ‬ ঵ӓᡇጌ˷֖‫ޱ‬ӓᇷጡ˹ ‫֗ࡃ׸‬Ҏդᅌ‫ۑݳ‬૕˷ਐ ౲࢔࢚ၱঅ઄ӜጹᎯ࢔ण ል˾ၺॷ‫݅ع‬অ઄ᡤࢁ˸ ళࢁ˸ᓲࢁҢ᛽ขࣝಧ࠷ ᥌ެ‫ރ‬ᥒ࢔࢚ၱणል˹֖ ঵‫ת‬෰ᄼ࢔ቭᠧ˷ঀ‫ؙ‬ያ ຀ҫ‫ؙ‬սᘓ˹ࠏӏ‫࢔ט‬ অ˷֖঵‫˷ש؟ת‬ҖኹҖ ӓ࿗࢔ն༾˸նᤁ˷Ҏர ਱࿥ಙ५˷Ҩ‫ᙷ˷ޚࠏؙ‬অ̫ӏᄘҖक़̬˹ ՟թ˷ҡ̫ோৄҖ‫˷̬׆‬ಸ౲Ӧ‫ތ౐ݦ‬౲ ጡ౥ផ˷ਐ౲Җዤৄӏᇼ࢔‫ש‬Ԕ˷̫ணՃ ‫࢔̬ݳ‬ֈᄃ၅Ͻ‫˹݌‬ಸ૑૨‫ތ‬ᓥଣ˸࢚ၱ ‫ތ‬౲૑˷๶Բ๬ӏ৯࣡‫ڼؙ‬ਐ࢔ፀ੹ᦃ˷ ෰অԷ੽਀ᓥᦃ࿁‫࢔܄‬౺᜸˷̫ӏᜓఖ‫܆‬ ࿁‫ڼ˸܄‬ਐ̬˹

ٓᖷኹᅲٌ࠰ਐ౲࢔ࠏክ˷Ӑ౲٘೵ࠏ ‫ތ‬ӓස๬‫ט׸‬Ӑ౲ᗖᗗ˷‫فם‬ჹᘿ˷ൟࢆᛎ অԳ࠽౐֊೿ߝ‫ຸ˷װ‬ோ ެԑӲਜຶᛎঅ‫ݨ‬ভ؇ ࢔˷ಔၳҖӌ‫ؙ‬քҵோ ҝ࢔ӿԂҔ˷ެߛᆹհ Ҹ‫װ‬ᎪৄӐ؆ଖਐࢦ˷ Է੽ӓӐ˷ෝ‫װ‬Җ‫ق‬ӡᛎ ‫ؙܕ‬᡽૷‫˽ތ‬ᘌਐዢঅᅣ ࿁ਐ౲࢚ၱ࢔ආҎᗯဋ˹ ‫ݦ‬ᇷҥ˷‫ת‬૑٘‫ۏ‬Һ‫ؙ‬ோ ҝ˷ई‫ݦৄװ‬ၳ˸૑૨‫ڝ‬ ඘˹‫ف˷ࢦ׉‬᡽ᓢ༪˷ୠ ੜ೵ܾ࢔Ճ૑Җҡঅ‫ݚ‬Ꭿ ࢔Ԃ˹‫݋‬ᅻϽէ؆ቓ࣒࢔ ๫ज़ኹٌᄏ˷ᥦ‫֞࠷۝‬Ҕ֖‫ת׻‬ਐ౲࢔౺ք ഝּϊϊಔၳோҝ˸քҵோҝ˸ൟԹோҝ˸ ౲ጡோҝ˹Ճ૑Җჹᘿ‫؀‬፷˷Քӏோ‫מ‬Ӑ ౲࢔ᗖᗗ‫ط‬ᛨ˷ᚽҔᖵ๬ᝲٌ˷ࠋ‫طڎ‬ᛎ ࿅˹٘೵࢔ࣾ෿ӏՠ൶ࣾ࢔࿕ࠚ˷ᛎੁନ ໏‫ތ‬օ‫˷ݳ‬෰ጤੁ‫װ‬ጹҸ࢔ਓҝެ࣡ԋኹ ዾ݃ౢ˿

᛫༈ਐ౲ԑӲൄ‫שވ‬ӻ৭ҔჀ؆ᇼ॔ҵ ུϊ‫׿שה‬Җ࢔ኂ೿໙Ꭽ˷ҫᅁ࠮Ҕլᛪ࿸ ҖଗԹ˷۶೚லҔԫঢ়‫ם‬౲ߕ೵ॼࡲ༾‫ޜ‬ૐ ࢔ᠧ֊˷ஂֈঅҎ઄ࡧ‫ގ‬ն༾࢔౲૑˷‫ރ‬ล Ҕ೚லԫঢ়‫ؙ‬൞၆˸ࠧੇ˸๫ᇧ࢔Җ੽˷‫ݳ‬ ‫؟ތ‬๫ᇧ˹ਐ౲ԑӲ࢔‫װ‬Ӥ˷๬ᇀෞ֨‫ת‬ம

ਐ౲অୠੜ‫֊˸֚ف‬ԯ˸࿦ᥒ඗ᝆ࢔࢚ ၱ˷ॼࡲᅱ౒˸ྌᗓᅲٌ˸༇ӏ඗ᝆᡇᝦ˷ ‫׉‬ৱৱ౛ၳ࢔෴᝼߮ग་ᛵ࠷˷‫׺ط‬ᄩ࢔ᅋ ࣡ॎ˷ᇀภჀั˷ࢰ፽౺˷໨ቢቩ༾࢔ग ་˷ཱቢྌ࢔ೖࢫ˸ࢵՆથ࢔ຽ෧˸ኀୠ‫ܖ‬ ‫ݎ‬༾ӓᑲᇷჹᘿ˷ҴსዾᎡ˷गᑩኹᣠिᗯ 27

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

‫˷׆‬ӌঅਐ౲࢚ၱ࢔߰Һ˼ၦၳ˷Ꮊၳࣝԝ ๫ಧ˹‫ྃێݧݚ‬٥఺࢔ჹᘿՠோಶ෹Ҏଗ˷ ඙ܵՇᚠҎᝃ˹քུን୾‫܆‬ን࢔٘೵ን஖̓ ఖ‫܆‬ဠቋ࢔٘ᅳ̔˷Ӑ౲٘೵ጤੁ̫க૦࢔ ን஖̬˷‫ؙ‬ᅳঅ̫ӽң‫ן‬Ӂᆹߝ‫˼̬װ‬ਐ౲ ஖೵࢔ઈᅳద˸஖ᓥద˸೵ၱࡈ֨˷ٙଗ٘ ೵࢔ᜃࡈҸ‫؀‬ோՃൟ‫ת‬෰ԥܳᡀ࢔Ӂࡡҥ˸ ့ਐ஖೵ޮ˾٘೵ެਐ౲অ‫ؙ‬ᐗ࢔˷Җӌኹ ᖵఇ࢔ֈჀࠇ‫׸‬ٙ‫ޚ‬ಶ˾‫־ׇڼ‬ᖛէኂோҝ ϊϊಔၳோҝ˸քҵோҝ˸ൟԹோҝ˸౲ጡ ோҝ࢔‫ޚ‬ಶ˹ ๧ಱ‫ט׸‬ਐ౲ҫ֖୳Ҕ˷‫ັࠑ˽׸ݲ‬እ Նັ̓ᑥध̔࢔၅ঌ෨ಅᆧ୲˼ȯȧȧம਍ԫ ྫྷӐԋৄ૱ࠃ۳ᘓࠏႇ˷ԊఉҎ෴ِਐ౲ᇼ թੋ‫࢔౒ٌݦ‬Ᏼᎏኹսᘓ˷ൄዾ‫ש‬፼ᣟུ౲ ૑࢔‫˹ׇ׿‬౵ኃԳ‫ৄ୾ٶ‬ੜ࢔ਐ౲ԑӲ˷‫ת‬ թ֯ҥՃൟࣾࠏօ‫࢔ؙ‬य़ᚅᅬᅳ˷Ҹࣖથ࢔ ༇࠷‫۔‬௹Ҕն༾˸๪ੜҖᤁ࢔ਜຶ˼ၸኇ˸ ‫˸ੇف‬࿼ሏ‫ש‬౵॰ឋੜᎴႚ˷ขᅷӻҔઝք ࢔‫֊֚ف‬ԯ˹٘೵࢔එନੁோਃ෻‫צ‬೵˸౺ ბ೵˸༎ӿ೵˸৚‫ق‬Ꭽҝԯᄃ࢔քᑩ˷༪ຣ ٘೵࢔ੜҖࠇ˸၄ຂ˸ຸᎀ˸ެն࢔ज़၆˷ െӲኹԊᓧ࢚ၱᏍয˷ನᗓៜٓք౲ెவ˹ ٘೵࢔फᔕ๬‫਀࠰ת‬ᓥ൞ࠇ෰઄ӏᜓ‫ש‬Փ༪ ೝൟྠঢ়ൄ፮ஂ৯࢔౺᜸ҥ˷೙ܵҖ࢔ຸᎀ ኹ၄ຂ˷٘೵࢔࣒ස‫࠰ת‬ӲᓧҖ࢔ెᔢӓ ݃˸၅ೆᖴ֗˷‫ৄ֖ݯ‬ყࢅӓ᥮࢔Җᠭ˷ ӏ‫׉‬ҖૐҖ˸ᓼᙸ֖ል˸ஊឲ‫ف‬༈ෘॖ˹ ᔘ‫࢚ݳ‬ၱ࢔ፀ੹ᦃެ੨Ꮝ˷‫؟‬Ҏଗ˷߹ Ҏଗ˷֖႓༇ಧ˹ಱଢ଼࢔ၸኇԎধ˷᛫ҫோ ಶ෹Ҏଗ˷ࣩ࿁ᕮ൳˷ଁஊಢ˸‫ۉ‬ୠ౏˸ԕ քੋ౲ԯᄃࢦ˷඙࠰Ӆ႓ཌྷؒ๔˹‫ؙ‬Җየ̫ Ҹਚԩ̬૱ᗭଗຽ๬অҎ઄᠁࠷˹ԫঢ়ӡӽ ࢔‫ו‬ᔕ‫ؙ‬ҖҴ់৉˸૱ࠃԯᄃᏋֺ˸࿽ঌ୳ ᐰ߲˸෩๧‫ނ‬ၸ˷ᝅ੪ӏவ‫ع‬Ӭ٬ӏ‫˷ڤ‬ӏ ᇼኃ࢔ᓲࢁӏᜓ࢔់༪˷Գಱઓ૪࢔Җԋ˷ ٙଗ᡽ᖯౢ˿ԫঢ়‫׆‬࿁౲ӓҎ࢔ਐ౲˷ᙷঅ 28

ఉུನᗓ٥֗˷অԫঢ়‫׆‬࿁࢔ጩ௓ࢦ˹༇ ࢁ˸૵ࢁ࢔٘೵ን஖˷ஂ৳ഋ‫ݚؙ‬ጹҎӽ˷ ਐ౲Җோ֗ಶҥԎ˷༪ຣࡂԔߕ೵ԑ࠷෰Ҏ ንᥑ˷٘೵ҒঅԑӲӐ࢔ࣝᎭҝԑ࠷˹

ฟ٤ ଖਐಸٌᄏ‫˷ߝߖތ‬ಸ༇൥˸‫׃‬໎‫שތ‬ ԯ˸ॏ፷˷෷቏‫מ݋ש‬൞၆˷ؐੇ‫˷ޱݯ‬෰ ҎӦԋ೨ԏ˷‫ݍ‬ᥒั‫ތڝ‬౺᜸ॏෞࣆ‫ڼ܄‬ ؎˷ՔԳ፭؎౒Җ࢔ॽ‫˹ݦ‬ਐ౲অ࿕ࠚࢦ ࢔ӽ౻˷‫ތ‬සԽቋᔕၱ˼෰ᄼ‫࢔ྦྷؙٰܕ‬ Ӵᗖ˹ҸขմඡԳৄಧ࢚ၱൟྠϊ‫ؙܕ‬ሒၑ ԋ࢔࢚ၱ࢖যެᅋᇷ࢔Ӑ൥࿛ர༾০؎ৄҸ ขմᄼ࢔Ҏᄅ˹෩๧࢔૤ྲঅ‫ݚ‬Ꭿ࢔࠷᥌˷ অᔕၱ࢔‫ڤ‬༾˷ई‫ؙ‬಑‫ޱ‬ӓၳඡ˷஖ฯ෺࢔ ԫ࿗ୠ၃ӏ‫ڼ‬ਐ˷ᥦਖᕎ૙ൟҔࠧੇ˷؎ৄ ၵᎶ˷෰অӏՔᅾྮ࢔ᄆؔ˷‫ݯ‬ਖᕎኃৄӽ Һ˷࢟ࣾཌྷक़˼‫٘ع‬೵ੜበ႓෨˸Ᏼ˸჉˷ ̫ᅳ؎‫ࣖ࢔̬ݍؽ‬៨ቊৄᄆҖ˷ॎታ൵ਪԔ ᠁ཀྵຟ࢔ཀྵ᝖ን஖˷ҖҖ‫ת˷׀ؙ‬஖೵૫࢔ ൶ჍᄼஂঅӏՔज़᡿˷۶ᥦҖӏອ৯࣡˿‫ع‬ ٘೵૫᏷ዤৄ౧‫˸ؙ٘‬ཀྵ᝖‫ٶ‬Էৄ‫˷׆‬റെ ‫˷תف‬ញ౽ٌ౒˷ҫோ‫ת‬ҖᄅӐॿ૙‫ف‬ӄ˹ ٘೵૫Ճൟ‫ת‬ਐ౲˷ՔԳየ؎ᑦᅵᄆ˸ҖҖ ‫˷׀ؙ‬অҖԑज़၆࢔లॎ࿁Ӳ˷অኂ‫ץ‬ಶࡃ ࢔ၨߕ೵ᦃ˹ ਐ౲࢔ߕ೵࿽ඐ؇ੜྑ࿦ᥒ˷٣‫ת‬઄ Җࠋ૑૨֖঵౥ផҥ˷ӏՔ࠮ഘ‫ف‬ӄ࢔ᛩ ܲᤁ˷٘೵ੁ‫ת‬෰ᄼᖧᅳ๔˷࿕ࠚҎԥӽ ‫׸˷ש‬ٙॿ૙٘ࡧՓܲ˸ഘࢅ࢔ୠ࣒ޮ˾ ‫ੁݚ‬ᒡҢᡍ࢔Ն॰ҝҔ˹ӽ‫ש‬ӓ࿗˷ขි ஖ᓥ˸਀ᓥ١‫ؙ‬Ҕ˷٘೵࢔ᇟঢ়ੁோᅁఫ ൵֖࢔Ⴃຍ˷ோৄᅁ࠮۷ᕞ‫ݍ‬ԋ࢔ҝ࿉˷ ࡜၃Ⴠࣾ‫ݍ‬ԋᠥႦ࢔٘ࡧ˷ӏెੜ‫ࠋݍ‬ԋ˷ ྯྮࢅެᇟ࢔ઈᓥ˷অ٘೵૫ନք࢔ઈᒩ˷ ‫ת‬੢ᇼᅚ௾༪ᅵ˷ᆠᄓԫঢ়࢔ଗԹ˷٘೵ৄ թ‫࢔מ‬ଗԹ˷‫ݍמॳ؞׉‬ԋ࢔བ֗˷̫ᆠᄓ

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ኞᅤՇோ࢔ి‫˷ׇ‬ӏ‫׸‬ҖᄓႣຍኞᅤጠ៙࢔ റఫ˹̬෰Ҏୠ࣒‫٘ݯ‬೵൵‫࢔װ‬যষ˷‫ם‬౲ ୠ‫٘࢔و‬೵࿽ඐข‫ف‬ӿնব‫َތݳ‬฀˸‫ތ݋‬ ࡂߡ˸‫ׇמ‬౲ᐰ߲˹ᇼَԔߕ೵‫ݳ‬የ˷٘೵ অୠ଻࢔गኂ˷ҡᏋֺུ۲ܿ౺‫ٰ࢔ץ‬ৠோ ҝ˷੢ᇼུिᦃᙌᇟ࢔ᆷኻ˼༈‫֚٘ع‬೵དྷ ӕ࢔‫׸˷࣡ف‬ٙ‫ݯ‬կ‫ת‬෰ԥ፹Ҹҵ‫ש‬ҥନ໏ ‫ف‬ӄ˾অ‫۝‬ԕज़޼၆࢔Ҏ઄౥ផ˹ ࣋؆‫˷ݳ‬ਐ౲ҕҲ‫ࠏװ‬లӐӺҸᓥ࢔ᑖ চ˷น༈໳ഋᓥඡَࣝ୧Ԧዢ࢔ቊԑ˷‫ݯ‬ਐ ౲೵ܾᥒܶӏಶӏྯྮَ୧Ԧዢৄආҕዢ݅ ࢔ࣶਫ਼ࠇ˷‫ع‬᥮঵࢔ᥦᓥቊԑ؎ৄᏍয˹ਐ ౲ࠐዤӐ౲࢔ಜఉ˷ൟ‫ᙷת‬ኌঅջ࿭੢ᇼ ੢‫ש‬৯݃Ҕ˹թ֯ҥ˷ԕք࢔ᆧಱ˸ቆྑ Ӑ౲˷ჹಧිӐ౲࢔ጩᓧ੽የ؎অӏອ੢ ᇼᔘա˷‫ع‬ԕք࢔ᙠߕ࿽‫ތ‬ਐ౲˷ईோ‫ݯ‬ ਐ౲࢔ԕքᙠߕ‫ۏ‬Һ‫ތ‬ԕք๫ନ˸‫ޜ‬೵˸ ॏ֨ఉᅣ୊࢔࿽ࠐ࢔٘೵‫˹ޱݯ‬Ӑ౲٘೵ ৄਐ౲ᓥඡࢦࠏၦ‫˷־‬ਐ౲ၨ֖Թ࢔๫ନ ٙՓٙಸ˾

ॲങ ಸൟ‫࢔ؙ‬౺᜸‫ތ‬օ‫࢔ݳ‬૙ഋ˷ආҎ˷Ҙ ࿅ᗂ࣮˷ᗂߘԔࣤ˸ᒁᘋᙌᇟ˷٣ӏի٘Ӳ ࢔ን஖˹ಸ٘೵աኹքᑩᦃӓ˷٘೵‫ތ‬Ҕਐ ౲˷ห඙ջ༈ၱඨញ‫ݨ‬ভ٘೵‫ם‬౲࢔֊೿ԑ Ӳୠ‫ؙ؎ۑ˷و‬ਐ౲քҵ࢔ୠ‫٘˷ࣾ֡˹و‬

೵‫ת‬ਐ౲˷‫ݬ‬༈‫ݨུת׻‬ভ‫ם‬౲࢔ୠ‫ৄو‬ਜ ຶ‫ۢع‬॰ུਐ౲٘೵࢔؎࣒˹‫˽׸ݲ‬᝕࿽٘ ೵˸ԕքᙠ٘೵˸इ࿽٘೵˸ྮइ٘೵༾ ༾˷ҫӏவਐ౲࢘᠀‫׀‬Һ˷༇ᛵ࠷٘೵ሤ ፳˸Ꮄዡུਐ౲‫ת‬૑٘೵ઈٌӐԋ˸ႿἩӐ ԋ˸Ոॷ‫ם‬Ҹᓥ࢔٘ᓥၱ˹٘೵‫ת‬ਐ౲অҎ ઄ҕᓲӓक़ၨᕮ࢔ߕ೵˷ԊఉൟԹ࢘᠀‫׀‬Һ ፹ࡴ࢔࡜၃˷ԃ‫ބ‬অ᝕࿽٘೵ࠏ‫ޚ‬ಶ࢔ਐ౲ ཰਱࢔‫ט‬ೆኹԐ॰˷หৄ࠷᥌˹ ֚࠰ਐ౲অ઄݅ᑘ‫࢔֚ف‬౲૑˷ߕ೵‫ف‬ ֚˸ॼࡲ֊ԯ˸Ճࢃ‫ֽ˷֚ف‬ٙҸण࢔ኮၱ ข؎ৄՔோ˷ֽٙྌᗓᅱ౒ขිྑৄࣇᅵ၃ ݃ֈჀ࢔Ԕ؇˹‫٘˷؟ץ‬೵‫ת‬བ֗෰઄ᓩࡧ ᑢӕ࢔ᤁҝӓң˷ҫჹಧ‫ؙ‬Ҹण࢔ቀᚴ˸़ ೵˹ԝ‫ཱת˽׸‬൳ᆨ፹๔˷‫ת‬ம਍ౚङᆨ፹ ๔˷ࢵՆથ˸হ‫ۿ‬ᙝ˸᝔࣑Ӂ༾Ҹधմ˷ᚓ ᖧӏߖຽ࢔Ҏ‫ݧ‬Ҹण঵౒˷๬অห‫ؙ‬ҝ࢔٘ ೵࿽೵Ԕ؇˷Ԋఉਐ౲ಸҕϽႆ‫ތ‬әϽႆ෰ ઄؆ᢢ፮࢔࢚ၱ཰਱࢔ᤂࣉӺԐ॰˹՟թ˷ ‫ת‬Ҏ‫࢔ןུݧ‬Ҹᓥᄼ̓֗‫ބ‬ቀᚴ᥽̔ҫీቢ ၱ‫ؙ‬Ҏ‫٘ݧ‬೵ᓥාࠇ࢔ኮၱ˹ུ‫٘ן‬೵ጩු ҖࢅӐ˷፹‫ޜ‬ਐ౲Җᤂࣉ࢔‫˽ؙ‬ᛯ౲࢔ಙӁ ᙠ૦˸ྮइ࢔Ҏٌᙠ૦˸գ᥿࢔ᄆᡇࡧ૦˸ َ᝕࢔ᅵᖛแᇍ༾੨࿩Җࢅ˷‫؎ۑ‬Ҏଗ࢔ᓥ ٘੨ା˷෰অਐ౲٘೵Ⴠӡ࢔ൟࢆ˹᛫༈٘ ೵‫ת‬ਐ౲඙ᜟੁҘ࿅ᗂ࣮˷٣࿲Ԡज़႐˷ӏ Ք‫۔‬ք˷޳‫٘࢔ؙ‬೵Ӄ٥ӏՔՓೡ˹ ϊϊȖ Ȟሗᖸ‫ف‬ᡬ‫ࡧ׸‬૦ུ٥̣๫ज़࿦̤ȟ

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濃濃的道情 ─感恩之旅(下)

ဳը әԗԈґԕรഄ˷Ⴠ‫੽۝‬ಸᄆ඾َၛ੭ ੩ᔕࠥᅵȸɫɨɘɗɤɡᔕ๔ଗ˷ྯө࣒‫ط‬ኹԕᦃ ࡧ૦Ӆ൚ጩ‫ߝْװ‬Ҷ˷༾અ‫ת‬ጩٌ۸࢔‫ש‬Ԕ Ҕ˹ҎٌҖӬ‫ٴ‬ၛ੭ә฀૩‫˷ݎ‬ᒰ߶ᦃ੦ᙠ ‫ࠥ˹؀‬ᅵᦃ੦ᙠ‫؀‬ଗ˷ؓ‫ނތ‬ӽ࢔െө࣒‫ط‬ ஥৩৩࢔‫ת‬హ‫ݎ‬๔ࣉ೚Ҹ૑˷ᦃ੦ᙠ‫࢔؀‬ᄃ Ӄ˷‫תݧؙ‬๶؆ࣾҫ‫ތ‬ᅻ֒٘‫˷؀‬Ҹ૑ҩ‫ٴ‬ ੜ෼˷Ҏ݃੢˷٢Բҫ‫ؙ‬የӏ‫࢔ڼ‬ᅌ˷Ҏଗ ӓ࿗˷‫צؙ̫߸ے‬૑̬࢔၅᡽˹

࢔ᄘ‫֖ש‬ନ‫ٻع‬ҝ˹ࠏԳ‫ٌ؟‬หੁ၅૴࢔๬ অྯө૦ԣ˷၅૴ԷҢϽ؆‫˷ݳ‬ᇼ፽‫٘؃‬೵ ၱ࢔၇ᣋኹႦᣠ˹

‫ת‬Ҹႈ᜹٘क़˷ԕᦃࡧ૦‫ྜڎ‬Ҹ૑˷ৄ Ҕࣉ೚ౙෙᇛ࢔‫ᦃ˷ݳތ‬੦ᙠ‫؀‬ಸӡ؆ࣆ๬ ࿕ߋᡥᇇ˷ԃ‫ৄץބ‬؆ࣆଗ˷इՆ‫࢔ؙܷ؃‬ ዯࣛӏᜓ˷෺؎ᦃ੦ᙠ‫؀‬฀‫ש׀‬Ԕ࢔ቈԠ˷ ࠏԳ෰๶઄ԗ‫˷ݳ‬ኜᦚಒᆷ‫ש‬ዷӃᄻઈ஦ ‫˷ފ‬Գ‫ׇ‬ၨ࢔੢ዱࣉ ཀྵຟӐԋಸҕȦȦҎ ೚Ҹ૑˹ৱ‫ތ‬යᡇ࢔ ؆ᚿ‫ש‬क़˷࣋Ͻ؆࢔ Ҹႈ˷ৱ‫ތ‬ೣ‫ط࣒ת‬ ࿕༪ॏෞຽ࿗˷Ն‫؃‬ ኹᄃӃᚐҥ࢔஥૕˷ ᦃ੦ᙠ‫ྯ࢔؀‬ө૦ԣ ‫੽۝‬۶ৱ‫ࡧތ‬૦࢔၄ຂ Ҏࢗདྷӕ፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱ ኹ֗ԋ˹ৄҔࠅҸ૑ᒪ หҸ࢔Ԑລެᆷᗳ˹ ܽҺ˷ࠏԳ᜹٘क़˷‫پ‬ ఫҔ‫؞װ‬ᖆᚒֹҶ ࣾ߶ᄻⳠ‫ޅ‬࿤࢔ࡧ౲ᗖ ᆨ˷ౙՆ‫ם‬࿫ৄᡥॏ ᥽˷ᗂུንਐᗖ᛽Ҏᅳ ཀྵຟӐԋᚓᖧ࢔़ဈ ᅳ‫ש‬ኇՃ˷Ҹ૑࢔᥎ᇑ ঵౒թ˷ᛎᥚީԕᦃ ᚅ‫؟‬ఉ߹ᄘ˷ՔԳৱ‫ތ‬ ԕᦃࡧ૦ৄҸ൵Ӣඒᦃ੦ᙠ‫؀‬ ࡧ૦˷ᘈ؉ᚇ‫נ‬Ն‫؃‬ ᗖᗗԯҖҫঅՑ‫ׇ݌‬ҝ ‫װ‬૩ᅳ๔࢔ࡧ૦੽ᆶҝ ‫˷੽۝ި࠘ת‬၅ᚷԕᦃ ৯‫؞ނ˷ٺ‬ನጩ࣋Ͻْࡧ૦ዂᚒ֒٘‫˷؀‬ ࡧ૦࢔ඕԋս᛽˹ ೷ॏഌ১ᡍᡐࡧၱ˷ᡥဈཀྵຟӐԋ࢔ॏᕓჹ әԗԈҙԕҎؓ˷ྯө࣒‫ط‬ኹԕᦃࡧ૦ ྦྷ˹ྯө૦ԣৄཀྵຟӐԋ࢔࿕૙˷ࠏ‫࢔࡜ۮ‬ ‫پ‬ನጩᄃӃ੽‫੽۝ތ‬ңሲ࢔ଖᗗၱ‫˷נ‬Ҏఉ ԋҝ˷ԺҖ၅౒˹ৄҔ٘ࡧ࢔չຩ˷ৄҔ٘ ၛ੭Ӑणᅲᣉ‫ݎ‬࿕ߋӡӽ࢔ᅳ๔ౙෙ˹੫ண ೵࢔߲ᢾ˷ࡧ૦‫ׇ‬ҝԐລ˷ᘈ؉െө࣒‫ط‬Ӻ অَ‫˷؀ݳ‬Ⴠ‫ݎ‬Һᒰ࿁హ‫ݎ‬๔ଗ˷َ‫ٓ؀ݳ‬ ‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦Ҏఉ೷౒ཀྵຟ‫תࡧ٘ৄ˷ݎ׋‬ਐ౲ ॰ᎀᘱࡧ૦Ӆ൚ጩ‫ࡧْװ‬૦Ճ‫ࣉݳ‬೚െө࣒

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َ‫ٓ؀ݳ‬॰ᎀᘱࡧ૦ȞճҎȟನጩౙᦃ

‫ྯ˸ط‬ө࣒‫ط‬Ӻ‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦˹Ҹ൵‫ق‬Ҹႈ᜹٘ क़˷‫پ‬ౙᦃෞลൟԹӲ࢔ၱ౻˸ौ࿤࢔ቃԠ ‫ڠ‬ԳӺؒ᝕ᝩ๧࢔٘೵ԑࢅᗗ˷೚॔࢔ࡧ૦ ᅄඕ‫ৄש‬Ҹ൵ᅁየ‫ם‬࿫ৗྩ࢔٘೵ԑࢅ˹‫ת‬ ਐ౲࢔٘೵ᅳ๔˷ோ‫ؙ‬૙֥٘೵ԑࢅ࢔ԑӲ ᗗ˷ҫঅ՟Ҏኂ঵Ꮖ࢔չࡧԔ؇˹‫ۉ‬ഋಕ‫ݳ‬ ‫ת‬ཀྵຟӐԋ˷ҫோ‫ؙ‬ᠭ٢࢔٘೵ԑࢅ‫݋‬๷˷ ՔԳ‫מ‬ਐ౲࠾ӹӢඒ٘೵˹‫ݕ‬᜹ᅻक़˷Ҏٌ Җි࠘॔‫ތ‬िा฻௤૩ᑎ˹ඕԋ࢔ᄃӃ੽ఫ Ҕৄ‫܅‬઄ҖႚลҔ௤Ԡ˸ࡃ֍˸᛽ԋթ˷ᛎ ৄҸ૑ႚลҔንᐒ࢔̫Ӵᗖ൲̬˷ՔԳ‫ݎת‬ ҥ‫ת˹֗ݩ‬ౙෙ࢔ٌ༶ᄼ˷Ҏ‫࢔؞؞‬ৱ‫ތ‬ ‫ם‬ᅳ๔࢘ि૦࢔֗ԋ˷۶ৱ‫ݚތ‬Ҏ‫׀‬ᅳೆ ࡧ၇˹ನུቋឹ࢔႘ᢕ˷ຣ‫ࡧ࢔؀ݳَٴ‬ ૦˷ᅲᣉ‫ݎ‬ᡬᢾᒰ߶ңҎணϊࡧ‫˹؀׃‬ ࡧ‫؀׃‬૩ᄘ࠰হ‫ۿ‬ᙝ࢔ȺɥɭɤɛɯȖ ȹɟɪɯ˷

অ֚ੜྑᆹ೵ܾ࢔ԝԮհϊ‫׸‬ᓥࡧ૦˷ฯ ॏ࠰ҎғҙҎ؆˷ᅳ๔অ֚೵౻۲ॏ‫˷؎ع‬ ᑑᙠ‫ࡧ׃‬૦࣒ຽᒮᖷ˹ᙠ‫ط࣒׃‬հᇼ፽‫٘؃‬ ೵ၱ࿕༪ཀྵຟӐԋ˷ਣҝ࠰٘೵քҵӲ࢔೥ ౒˷ҫདྷӕหҸ࢔ࢰߖኹԐ॰˹Ⴠӽ˷ࡧ૦ ‫ת‬ᜂ౻ᑑҸ૑฻֕ᒊ࢔‫׶‬௤˷‫ס‬ንᐒ࢔᛽ ԋ˷᠇ఏࣨి੪ग˷۶ఏདྷ‫੽۝‬ԋ᥮ࣨి ࢔ࡧዢϊ̫ᓥ٘ӏᓥҖ̬˹ࡧ૦೵‫֖੽۝‬ ঵Ӑ˷̫ੁᓥ٘࢔၄ຂຸᎀ˷ӏੁᓥҨӾ ࢔෨Ᏼៗ˹̬ࡧ૦ਣ᠇࢔でづ˷ᘋঅ‫੽۝‬ Җ֖࢔᥮Ӓ‫˹៳ڱ‬ ញ࿕ࡧ‫؀׃‬क़˷‫߶ࣾپ‬െө࣒‫טط࢔ط‬ ᓥϊ‫ה‬୊࣒‫ط‬ฯॏ࢔ࡧ‫ࡧط࣒˹؀ה‬૦੽ҩ ‫ٴ‬ੜ෼˷઄઄฾஥ប࿕˷ࡧ‫؀ה‬ൟֽٓ॰ ϊ‫ھ‬ֈࡧ૦˷ನጩҸ૑ౙᦃ࠰ҕȦȦә؆Ͻ Ҏԗᄘ؎࢔ၨॏҸ࿥ᡍႈ˷Ӻෞล‫ڼ‬བ࢔ᆠ

࣒‫ࡧط‬૦੽஥ৱ‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦ᓼ٥ጂೖᓗᓗ

ᄓጂೖᖸ፼ෞล˷ՔԳӬ‫ٴ‬ᖸዜӏ‫ט‬ႈ౻࢔ ঵౒˹‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦ۗӏٓ‫תڧ‬ೖ‫ގ‬ᓗࣾ˷Ⴌ‫ؙ‬ ‫࢔ݦބ‬ᓼ٥ఉ‫˷ݳ‬ৱಶ࣒‫ࡧط‬૦੽ข஥ఉ‫ݳ‬ Ҕ˹หक़˷Ҹ૑ිԊᓧ‫ق‬ೣ‫הؙ‬࿬ᓧ૦Ӻ၄ ௓ࡧ૦༠ᇀ࢔ि᥽ዻឡ૩ᑎ˷‫ה‬୊࣒‫ط‬ःᗳ Ҹ૑˷ን࿁ᓥ٘˷‫מ‬ཀྵຟ˷‫מ‬ᅁඨ˹

Ҹ൵࠰ࡧ‫؀׃‬Ҹႈࣾ‫נ‬፼

รഄଗӬ˷ҎٌҖࠥᅵ࿽᡽࣒‫ط‬հ࢔‫ڱ‬ ᡽‫ת˷؀‬Ҹႈ᜹٘क़˷༾Ҕ๶Ӭᢍ˷ӌ݃࿽ ᡽࣒‫ط‬հۙ‫˷ݳ݋܄‬Ҏ᠓֗፹ࡂᅌ࠘ިࡧ 31

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

૦˹ઝ‫ৄ੽۝ݳ‬Ҕӏੁӿսᜎ‫ࠏ˷׷‬Գঅ‫ת‬ ࠥᅵࣾ๶Ӭᢍӌෲ࢘‫˹׷‬٣‫ط׷‬Җ૑˷๪ੜ ࣓٘࢔ઌ൞˷ዷུՓुਉՈ˷‫૳ݣ‬ၦ‫܅מש‬ Ҏْ࣒‫ط‬ԝԮบ᜹‫ݱ‬ᒩ˹ৱ‫࣋׷ތ‬ғϽႆ࢔ ‫ط‬Җ૑˷‫׸‬᜹ٌጽ˷‫࢔۝‬ӦԋԽቋҔ၅౒ኹ ሒၑ˷ӻ৭‫ת੽۝‬ԕಧ֖঵Ӑ˷অ‫ৄץົڄ‬ ॓‫۝̫࢔װ‬ሏ̬˷ᥦ‫࢔੽۝‬ᄋ᣾ӏң‫˷ݳ‬ᥦ ‫࢔੽۝‬ᗓ٨ӏң‫ۉ˾ݳ‬ഋ‫ف‬ӄҫோᓥඡ‫ط׷‬ Җ૑࢔঎෯࢔ԋ˸၅૴࢔ԋ˸༇‫࢔۝‬ԋ˹๶ ؆ࣾౙՆᅻ֒٘‫؀‬ഌ১ᡍᡐ࢔ၱӹ˷ᄓ୊ᄼ Ҏߖᛎ௹ಶ˷‫ת‬෴ᢾ๶ӽ࢔ࡧၱӐ˷ಸӏவ ૥࢔࿽᡽࣒‫ط‬հᏪҾ࢔‫ݍ‬፼˹‫ط׷‬Җ૑ᇼ٘ ೵࢔ᣋ॰˷ஂঅ‫ބ౎ן‬ᇷ࢔̫ᠮ‫ݍ؟‬ԋ޽٘ ࣻ˷অँ‫ৄן‬๗٘૴̬˹ ӡӽౙෙ࢔หक़Ҏண˷অെཱ࣒‫ط‬հ ԯ॰࢔ถૠንࢳ˹֚Ң፮Ꮇ࢔֊‫׾‬ᄻઈ‫ع‬ ؎࢔ንࢳ˷ஂঅมต᛫Ҿ˷әᤏં‫˹ׇ‬Ҿ Ҿ࢔፶ࠍ˷ईঅຟ‫੽۝ݱ‬ҎٌҢϽ‫װ‬Җഄ ᗖ࢔‫ש‬Ԕ˹੬ፗፗ࢔஫ଔԡᛜ˷Նҥ๶ᅳ ‫ބת‬Է‫ש‬Ԕᠧಶ‫ݮ࢔ތס‬ᗛ˷ᥦ‫۝‬ӏҾԋ ๬‫̫ۥ‬෨ԋ̬‫ס‬Ճ‫ݳ‬Ҕ˹‫܅ת‬Ҏᅳཿᄼ˷ ‫੽۝‬ҫৱ‫ތ‬Ҕ૦ԣ੽࢔၇ԋ˹‫ތצ‬ଖᗗ˷ ನུᙠ‫˷ޝ‬ನུࡧ฾࿁Ҙᇧ࿅˹ әԗԈғԕ‫ݚ‬ӽ˷ԕᦃࡧ૦ୠ‫ٴ‬ᑑᦃ੦ ᙠ‫̫؀‬؆ዻ̬࢔ᄃӃϊɈɫɘɯެ֒Ꮘ˷‫׿‬೫ ᄆ‫ש‬ԦથҎԕᅲ˷ᥦ‫ޜݩ੽۝‬इՆ‫࢔؃‬࿝ ‫׃‬ኹ୊ߡ˹੫‫ࠥ׆‬ᅵ١‫ש‬ҎҲ‫ذނ‬୮࢔Ԇ ቢࡥ‫ݨ‬өဟ̧ȸɗɢɘɥɗȖ Ɇɗɨɡ̨˷‫؟‬өဟෞ֨ ࠰ȧȮȩȫ؆˷অਐ౲หՕ‫ط‬ө൵ૄᎺෞॿӓ Ҏ˷Ոॷȧȫ઄ิࢅᗗ˸ȩ૩ፆ๔˸Ꭺ࿉൵‫װ‬ ࢔ࢻဟ˸ᗖ᥽༾˷অਐ౲หҸ࢔ขմԑӲө ဟ˹өဟ࢔ȻɢȖɆɨɗɚɥҸᅳ‫ނ‬ౄ˷ขঅَ୧Ԧ ໚֊๽ᕮ੨଴ॏᕓࢅ˹Ҹ൵‫ת‬ፗԠ‫˷ࣾئ‬ᑑ ‫إ‬ᒟዾ૦Ծ֗ನጩੋ࿚࢔Ԕ؇˷࿦‫נ‬Ҹ൵᛽ ‫ן‬क़‫נ‬፼˷༈क़ᝲ߶ңҎ઄ຶ᛽ϊ਀៨‫װݚ‬ ଖᗗȞȾɥɪɛɢȖ ȺɛɢȖ ȹɥɨɥɤɗɚɥȟ˹

ᅲᣉ‫ݎ‬࿕ҥᄆ‫ש‬Ԧથུ‫਀࢔ן‬៨‫װݚ‬Ҹ ᔒȞȹɥɨɥɤɗɚɥȖȸɨɟɚɝɛȟ˷ᅣྮᄆ‫ש‬Ԧથ୊᥿˷ ᒰ߶਀៨‫װݚ‬Սૡ˷‫؟‬૩ᅣ୊Ҹᔒలॎྯᅻ ‫װذނ‬਱Ԅ˷অୠ‫ৄٴ‬ਐ౲୊ੋ௓࢟։ᡱਃ ٌࠏෞ੃˹ॏ࠰ȧȮȮȮ؆࢔਀៨‫װݚ‬ଖᗗ˷ অਐ౲َߡᘰ୊౗หҸ࢔Ԙ෺ଖᗗ˷෰অ౲ ૑ர࢔ᔘա‫ש‬Ꮄ˷ਉॅบ֞‫࢔و‬ᙈ˷๧‫ؙ‬ᔝ ੘َ୧Ԧ੨ೆ࢔‫ذ‬؆ଖᗗ˷‫ׇ‬฀֚ԎӃၛॏ ‫؁˷؎ع‬ဦणॅบօົ‫֗ݯ‬Ҏନᣖఠ˷‫ބݯ‬ ‫ת‬ਐ౲ॏᕓաҥ‫ؙ‬ੜੁ‫਀˹ْש‬៨‫װݚ‬ଖᗗ ҫঅᔘֽᙷඐ˸๧౛˸࠷আ࢔ңဨӓස˹ ‫݋‬Ճଖᗗ˷ᝲ߶ᏻᗓౙᦃӐ෿ૡᄩ௓࢟ ։ᡱิࢅᗗ˷ߡ᠓‫װؙ‬૩ਊ߽ᓲࢁ࢔ጐᇀᗄ ဢ˹หक़˷ᥒྣ࢔؆ዻᄃӃ੽˷ನུҎٌҖ ‫ތ‬ɉɛɗɦɥɨɪȖ Ɍɟɢɢɗɝɛ࢔ȾɗɨɘɥɨȖ Ⱦɥɫɩɛ฻ңӴ ௤˹‫תڧ‬ᚒ୊࢔༺᠓˷฻ུ੬ᒊ࢔‫ޟ‬ౠ˸‫ס‬ ུንᐒ࢔൤᛽˷൹ഋ୊ҥ֞؄᛽᛽˷ዾස୊ ӽҎᐘ˷ஂঅҖ࿗Իᇟ˹ᝲᗓৱ‫੽۝ৄތ‬ን ԋ‫׿‬೫ᔁ઄ٌ༶࢔ԕᦃࡧ૦˷ԳӺ‫צݳ‬ਃങ ৄ‫࢔౐࠽੽۝‬؆ዻᄃӃ੽˷၆၆‫ف‬ӄٙ፽ٙ ோ˷ՔԳ‫ؙ‬෰ጹ‫˷ޜݩ࢔׶‬ᇷ‫ת‬অ௿࣒‫ࡧط‬ ૦੽࢔ኀା˹ әԗҢϽԕؓആ˷ҎٌҖᔁ൞‫ٌ׶‬᣹˷ ‫پ‬Ӭ‫ٴ‬ၛ੭ᦃ੦ᙠ‫ْװ؀‬ᄃӃ࢔૩‫߶ࣾ˷ݎ‬ ᦃ੦ᙠ‫ת˹؀‬යᡇ࢔Ҹႈ᜹٘˸᛽ԋᔬक़˷ െ୊࣒‫ھެط‬၃ࡧ૦൚ጩ፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱ࢔ᇛ બ˷Ҏఉ᜹ᑑྯө࣒‫ط‬೚ֽ֒٘‫؀‬ңҎֽ

െө࣒‫ط‬ȞճҎȟᆪ༪ٓ॰ᄇଟདྷྯө࣒‫ط‬Ȟճҕȟ

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

࢔ٓ॰˹ྯө࣒‫ط‬Ҏքᇼ٘೵ၱ࢔၇ᣋኹ Ԑ॰˷ຌ༈೚‫٘ޜ‬೵ၱ࢔᜹ᄇ˷ҫৄ෰‫؞‬ ࢔၅૴ӓଖ˷༠ҥဠቋ࢔դ᛽˹ӐӴ˷‫ת‬ ᜂ౻गᗶҔҎᅳᅳ֚ᄃӃ੽ᖆ‫ف‬ң፶࢔ਐ‫ޝ‬ ‫ݮ‬ᗛ˷ҡঅ‫ס‬ಶቋԋ࢔၅૴˹࿰क़˷ԕᦃࡧ ૦‫׿‬೫Ҕ၅ࠇ࢔ఏ‫ٴ‬ၱ˷Ҹ૑‫ݬݬ‬ӏ೰࢔ᅌ ‫˷ٴ‬۶৯਍࠷؆ཀྵຟӐԋ‫˹݃׉‬ ‫؞؟‬ਐَ၅૴ӓଖಶԳ؎ٌ˷ᐗఉ࠰Փ ؆ཀྵຟӐԋ࿕‫׃‬ᄘ؎ଗ˷ԕᦃࡧ૦ຟ᡿˷ᑑ

ጯ Վ ๩

‫ھ‬૦ԣ඗ᇛ˷ౙෙਐَ‫ם‬ᅳ๔˹‫ھ‬૦ԣҎࢗ ҫ၆‫ؙ‬ᔕၱ˷ᖆ‫װמف‬؆‫˷ݳ‬Ԑ॰ཀྵຟӐԋ ࿕༪ॏෞ࢔‫ם‬ᅳ๔ਣᚷ˷ࠏԳჀ๔ӥᖐ˹᏷ ߖౙෙԕຽक़˷‫پ‬ᥚީᙷျ‫ݦ‬ฎር፨૦ߍੇ ෥‫׿‬೫ٌ༶˹၅૴ԕᦃࡧ૦࢔ྦྷԋ‫׿‬೫˷Ӻ ઈᅳ૦ᘈ؉ᚇ៣ՊՆ‫ם࢔؃‬ᅳ๔˷ჹᅻ๶઄ ԗ࢔‫צݳ‬႑ෲ˷ᥦ‫੽۝‬ౙෙ࢔ҎٌҖ˷ோ࿬ ‫ٶ‬ဠቋґӽ࢔၅૴ӓଖ˷ឹུ۶‫࢔װ‬၅૴‫צ‬ ‫ֹތ‬Ҷᆨ˹

「悠然」㕤ㆹ ۧ⠵

әԗҕԕ࢔ࣾҎ઄আຽ˷೚‫ތ‬ԩࡕࡕ૦ ߉࢔ᆠᅌ˷౥‫۝‬অ‫ڄ‬ՔԳ‫ھת‬၃ࡧ૦‫ת‬әԗ ҕԕআຽԕࡧၱ࿕֥क़˷ఽҎ઄ᝄ༰࢔༪ ݅˹‫ف‬ಸࡧ૦൶Ⴭ‫౒؞ނ‬Ԏාक़˷‫੽۝‬ข ϽӬೄ߽ެ၆߽ࡧ૦˷ࠏԳ‫ࡕ۝‬༈གྷᘋ˹ ࡧ૦ቀᚴ࢔ផ֡অ̫Ӝጹঅஂֈ࢔ೀ ༈̬˹෰઄ផ֡॓‫ؙ‬ᅆ၃˷ᥦҖҎңҺ၆ఉ ଘ຾֙ဟᅆҖฒ഻࠷ᚑࡿҖҴ࢔ᅆդ˽̫ཋ ិ‫ת‬Җᇟ˷‫ع‬༇‫ݎ‬రุ˹౥‫ڌ‬ٙோቢ˷ԋዾ ‫˹ెفש‬೩ཻࡂᦀң˷ೀ༈݃इӁ˹Ӂାԕ ҷ‫˷ݮ‬੩ฝ৯ኹᛎ˹̬Ȗ ‫ބ‬ᇷ˷ฒ഻࠷᠒ߗ ᜟ֙Գक़࢔ࢅᑩ֖঵৯Ⴠᚔ‫˷ݏ‬Էົ‫ۑ‬૕ ‫ف‬ӄ࢔֖঵ೆ࡬অ̫ි࠽ಧӏ‫˷ڼ‬Ңؕғ ᅹ੪˷Ͻ؆ུҎࣺ̬˹‫ی‬ҥ࢔ිҺঅஊᢶ ࢔˷‫ݚ‬Ꭿ࢔ිҺ‫۝‬ՠ‫תؙ‬ң࿅ຝ࿚࢔؆Թ ݃ᅻ˼Ҏ઄ԗ࢔ҢӬӓҕଗ࿗ੁᒪܽҺ˼

Ҏบஊ᝔࢔๳ҺҎᘑ๬অϽ؆˹ԝ‫۝‬ຝ࿚ ଗ࢔֖঵ᛎሓ˿༈‫˷ع‬ฒ഻࠷൨นঅฒ഻ ࠷˷Է࢔ԋᇟలዾඨ࣮˷ࠏԳோኹइӁք ‫ݳ‬๬‫̫࢔ؙރ‬ೀ༈̬Ȗ ৯ᘋ˹ฒ഻࠷࢔‫ݲ‬Һ ᥦ‫࢘੽۝‬ᅳ˷࣑ᖵࢅᑩӏঅ‫̫ޜݩ‬ೀ༈̬࢔ ջ༈ഝּ˹̫ೀ༈̬অ‫ؙ‬ઈᒩ࢔Җோ౿ᅵ‫ތ‬ ࢔Ҏኂ၃ᇟެԋᇟ˹ ࡧ૦ቀᚴ࢔ផ֡ᥦ‫۝‬၆ఉ࢔՟թҎ઄ ‫ݲ‬Һঅ‫٘˹ࣕ٘࢔੽۝‬ჹҥঅ෰Ꭿ௹ᅬ٘ ࣕ࢔ԕಧ֖঵࢔˽̫ቢଗ˷ԫ๪੪ଗ˷ུ ٍ॰ග˷ҘࢳᑄҸधҬ੪˹࠰‫ބ‬धӐ˷‫؞‬ ආҬӅ˷ᛎ‫ق‬քස˹࿰੪ఁ˷ٍؒග˷঴ ‫݌‬Ӆ˷Ꭹ૩‫̬˹ڧع‬Ȗ ٘ࣕԕ๽Ҏԕࠏఽ࢔ ‫˷ݦ‬ৱҥՓข॓նബ˷॓๫ಧ˷٣অ֚࠰Է ‫ط‬Җ૑‫ؙܕ‬ҨӾ‫ݚ‬ኂᇼԫ࿗࢔෨၇˷჉఑˷ ެӬ‫ٴ‬ԋ˷ࠏԳԷ࢔ٌ݅ᥒൟུ௖ਬຸᎀ࢔ 33

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

‫˷࠷׃‬ோ౿සසᗂᔕ‫ع‬Ӳ˷‫ݦݦ‬ขӏញչࡧ ‫ఽ˷֖ٶ‬ఉ‫ݳ‬ಸ૕ӏ੓˷ӗ༈‫˷ۊؙ‬ೀ༈‫ف‬ ‫˹ת‬ ൟԹҖ࢔֖঵ჲब੩ۙ˷ଗಧ‫߁࠰୵ؙ‬ ‫࢔ޱ‬၅᡽˷ӏ֚ಶ‫ؙ‬ଗઅԇ၆˷‫ݚؙࡃ׸‬ጹ Ҏӽ˷‫ֽؙܕ‬ٙ‫ݦ‬ೆጤੁස൞˷‫੽۝‬অӏঅ ๬ՔԳ‫ޜݩ׶׶‬Ҏңೀ༈࢔֖঵ޮ˾‫ބ‬ᇷօ ջ˹࣮ᅌӏঅ‫ؙ̫‬༇ࠏ‫ذ˷ݦݦ‬༇ඣᖛ̬৚ ‫̫ق‬༇‫̬֖ࣝݦ‬ӓየဒ˾‫ݚ‬ጹ˷‫׸੽۝‬ٙ౾ ᒩެ‫ޜݩ‬ԝᅫೀ༈࢔ԋᇟޮ˾‫۝‬၆ҸၺՔԳ ಸԳң๶઄Ԕ੢ུԎᇷᑯ˹ ආҎ˷ᔎ֨ֈ᏷࢔֖঵֡Ꮄ˹‫ھ‬૦ԣ‫ת‬ ӏ‫࢔ט‬๔‫נ‬የᅻ˷Է࢔Җ֖֡Ꮄ๬অչࡧ‫ٶ‬ ֖˷፹ཋབᐗ˹ಸҎ௖‫ת‬૑Җ࢔݄ॎᚴ˷‫۝‬ ੽࢔֖঵֡Ꮄఉᏻᘋᅃঅ‫ٶٶف‬Է˷ఽҎ઄ ‫׶‬Җ˷֗ᓅ૑࢔ᅌᚴ˷๬অੁ֨ۖఽҎ઄̫ ޹ᕵᕵ̬࢔‫ڌ‬Һ˷ӏੁ؎ৄҎ઄̫ಧ೒೒̬ ࢔ҾҖ˹̫ԋ߰༇ܲӽ‫ש‬፫̬˷෰ᘋᅃঅᥒ ᥐ̫ೀ༈̬࢔Ҏ઄ੜੁഝּ˹ ආҕ˷౾ᒩֈ᏷࢔॔Җఽ‫࢔ݦ‬ልॎ˹‫ھ‬ ૦ԣ‫ת‬౾ఀᄃӃ࢔ଗઅ˷ჹಧःᗳ‫̫˷੽۝‬ ᅃఽோఽታ࿉ఽ̬˼٣অҫੁҔᅁ˷̫‫ݦ‬ೆ অ֌ዾఽӏ‫˷̬࢔ڼ‬ՠ࿭ታԋታҝՓఽ˷ҡ ӏ౽ུཋࡃ˷หੜੁ࢔অੁ̫ನུᤂ฾ԋՓ ఽ̬˹‫ת۝‬ᚿࢅ˷ଖᅲ࢔ଗઅ༪ൟ˷Ҹ‫װ‬Ꭺ ࠽౐Җબᇼᣠि஥ᚐ৯ࣉ˷࠽౐ޯ‫˷ތ‬ᣠि ‫צ‬๗དྷԷ੽࢔ҫঅ၁஥˷ᛎ‫࢔௴ؙ֚‬၅ᔢ˷ ෰ӏҫঅฯ෺̫ೀ༈̬࢔ԋೆ࢔‫ࡧڱ‬ဒ˾ ආҢ˷བ॔‫ف‬ӄ࢔‫ݍ‬ᥒ˹ӏኈఽӜጹ ‫˷ݦ‬ขᘋᅃ࿉ҝ˷ᛌٰ‫ݍ‬ԋ࣒ຽ෻Ԑ˷‫ँڄ‬ ‫ݍ‬ᥒӏ‫˷׶‬ӏ࿾፼ᣟೆኦ˷ఽ‫ݦ‬ҫၱ၅‫ތ‬ҝ ӏಸԋ˷Ғ‫ق‬෺؎ிᘙ˹‫ת۝‬Ҏғғґ؆ఽ Ҕԋᤏ̫ၛᔒ̬Ԏාӓक़˷‫ת‬૑ֹ૵Ҕ‫ނ‬઄ ‫װ‬ԗ˷၆ఽӜጹขఽӏ؎˷ࠏԳ‫ݚ۝‬ଗࣣ๬ ᥒၱ‫੽۝˷ތ‬ԙ‫ݍ‬ᥒ࢔࿻ᖫؓঅੁՆੰᗰᛎ ࢔˷ᛎঅ̫ඕԠ࣒য̬ԝᅫ࠷ຸ˹ 34

ආէ˷ᚴܵ਀ᓥ࢔Ӄ٥Ԕࡧ˹෰ҡՈॷ Ң઄Ԕ੢˽̓ȧ̔੃ᇇ‫׿‬೫‫׆࢔ݦఽ׶‬क़࿬ ‫˹ۊ‬ᢀ‫ఽ˷׸‬࿰ଗ‫زۥ׆‬࿰ᔱҥ˷༈क़‫֗ٶ‬ ༾‫ز‬࿰༉Ꮨ࢔ଗ࿗˷Փ঴ཿެӭཿ˷෰Ꭿ๬ ӏၱҖ༾‫ݦ˷ݦ‬ကҖ˹̓Ȩ̔‫۝‬ԣᖆჹಧಱ ᑖఽ‫ݦ‬ᘋᅃ̫Ҏ‫ࡕ॓۝˷ْ̬ތ܄‬ᑡԷ‫ط‬Җ ૑࢔෰࿫̫ಔ‫˹̬ٶ‬ᅻՓ‫۝‬೚‫ތ‬ၨ࠾ӹ࢔ᆠ ᅌ߶߶‫ۥ‬ᇼԔ࢔ᆠᅌᄩᏻᗂࣤ፭‫ת‬Ҏರளഝ ҥ˷Քঅ༾‫ތ‬၆དྷҖ૑սᆠᅌ࢔ଗઅ˷๬फ़ ጹҫۧӏ‫ݚތ‬ರளഝҔ˹ൟ‫۝ת‬ታ࿉֨‫ۥވ‬ ၨ࢔ᆠᅌᄩᏻࢗ೚௹‫ތ‬ᆠᅌքҺᄼ˷ᛌٰҔ ӏԂᘂ‫ఽ˹ڿ‬Ҹ‫ݦ‬۶অ‫ࡃ׸˷؟׸‬ӏோආҎ ‫؞‬๬ఽ‫˷׶‬ጤੁ࣊Ӄ˷߶߶ၱ෺؎ଗ࿗ެᅚ ႐࢔ୄྦྷ˹̓ȩ̔Նಱ‫۝ف‬ኈ൞˹ਐ౲٥૑ աᄖԑ‫ظ‬ᑄ̓ɉɪɛɬɛɤȖȹɥɬɛɯ̔‫̫ת‬ల଒ҖҶ ࢔ґኂඡሐ̬̓ɊɞɛȖɉɛɬɛɤȖȾɗɘɟɪɩȖɥɜȖȾɟɝɞɢɯȖ ȻɜɜɛəɪɟɬɛȖɆɛɥɦɢɛ̔ҎଟӐ˷‫࢔ؙࠏ੽۝ۥ‬঵ ౒ӬৄէҸኂᠭ˽ੜੁ٣অӏኜ੓˷ঀੜੁ ҡኜ੓˷ኜ੓٣অӏੜੁ˷ঀӏੜੁҡӏኜ ੓˹‫۝ف‬ኈ൞࢔ᠥᛙ˷๬‫࠰ת‬ᇼ෰էᠭ঵౒ ‫ؙ‬റၴ࢔ዤ᠀˷‫ݣ‬٥Ճ‫נ‬൞࢔‫׿‬೫˷หҸ༶ ॎ‫ש‬፝ՆආҎᠭެආҕᠭ࢔঵౒˷໪ԂආҢ ᠭ˷ୠ‫ٴ‬অආէᠭ࢔঵౒˹ ‫࢔۝‬෰ᐊ༪݅ᏽঅ‫ת‬ՓՊ‫࢔ݪ‬ᔕ๔ެ੩ ᔕҥᔁ൞࢔˷ՔԳየ˷෰‫؞‬Ճ࣓ዾٌདྷҔ‫۝‬ Ҏ‫؞‬ᇷᑯ‫۝ف‬ኈ൞࢔ᔕၱ˹֚࠰‫੃׆ݦ‬༠࢔ ԝᅫޯ‫ࠏ˷ތ‬Գ‫࢔۝‬༩ᔕ་Ӆჹ‫ת‬૑ᄼ࢔ᆠ ᄓҥս‫ה‬Ճ‫˷ݳ‬ᛌٰҔ‫ת‬ᔕ๔࢔༾અެ၌ ࿹˷‫ع‬ԭ‫ৄץ‬ᗂ‫ݍ‬ನҔԎຟᆠᄓ˷ࠏԳோ౿ ‫ۥ‬๶ּੜੁ࢔Ӄ٥ԝᅫಸ૕ӏ੓‫˹؎ڼש‬੩ ᔕҥӏహ‫࠮תש‬ঃᆠ፼˷‫ف۝‬᡽ᖪᓺ˷ՠৱ ҔҎ฀ᠥ࠰ࣱ౲٥૑ؑቢັୃ࢔ԥҺ˷‫ع‬ӏ অᥦ‫ف‬ӄ࢔൶‫ެػ‬Ҹᄓ࢖֡‫ש‬ᅢུ௓࢟ө՜ ‫׿‬೫࢔ଗ࿗ࣇ࿹ྵ˹‫ࡃ׸‬ோ෷቏ᒩ؎ඡሐ˷ ፝Նᇼ‫ف‬ӄ࢔‫܅‬Ҏ઄ٌৄ࢔‫ف‬᡽ࠇ˷໪Ԃ࢖ ֡ࠇ˷ࠋෝҫঅᇷጡઈٌ٘ࡧຟઃ࢔᡽Ⴆҝ ࢔Ҏ઄Ԕࣤࡧ࣓ޮ˿

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ϣᢀඵችᕝ! )Π* ˇˤ‫ڑ‬॰ă˪‫ڑ‬॰

‫ߛۀ‬ᖞྦྷൢˇ ಟ྘҅

චᛷ̱ॲǕ٥ੵ໭೗ ԕಧ֖঵Ӑ˷թ‫ת‬ԫঢ়ჹಧኢಒᣑ৉‫۝‬ ੽࢔ӧନ˷ԃ‫ބ‬অ൶˸‫˸ػ‬၃ନ࣓˷ᚓ‫ݳݲ‬ የ˷ᚅ੦ᑅᘓ‫ػ‬ᆷ‫ع‬࿕ߋ‫࣓ػ‬ԋᅤᅻ༶˷օ ჹఀᐐ࢔ԋၱᇼᚅ੦ఉҎ෴ِ෴᝼ӻᘋ˷ᇼ ֽٙҎኂᚅ੦˷‫ؙ‬ҖՔோ᡽ಶૼ‫˷ػ‬ᗂӓఉ ኻ˷‫ؙ‬Җ᡽ಶঅᓖ੦˷৚ӏૼ‫˷ػ‬൥֖ੇ੢ ӻᘋ˷Ӧ‫࢔ת‬ԋ‫מ‬թৱ˷ᇼᚅ੦ఽՃӻᘋެ ྔᜓ˷Ӧԋ࠰অිᚅ੦ನ‫ع݋‬Ԋ༪Ⴃຍެ༣ ਪ˹ӻӓ˷ჹᅻఀᐐ࢔Җ‫מ‬Ӧৱ˷ৱ‫࣓ػތ‬ ԋᅤᔘ༶࢔ࡧ˷Ⴃຍ‫ת‬યᄼ֖ఉ˷યᄼ๬অ ઈඡӦᦃᙠӓස˹ਬோ‫׽‬ᣋӧନ˷ँ̫ᤎ࿾ অᤎ̬࢔ᇷ৯˷ჹᅻఀᐐ࢔ԋோ౿ྯྮၺ ߽˷ӏၱ‫ޜ‬ਪ˹ ᥦ‫ݳ੽۝‬၁ᦃ‫࣓ػ‬ԋᅤᅻ༶˷ᤎ࢔ൟྠ ‫׸‬ٙಸҎ઄ᅻ༶‫ތ‬՟Ҏᅻ༶˷Ҏ઄ࣻ‫ތݚ‬՟ Ҏࣻ‫ࢅת˹ݚ‬൞਀ᓥҥ˷ൄ፮၃᠀ն‫ࢻڤ‬Ս ਁᢍ‫ݳ‬ස൞࿁‫࢔ݳ‬၅ߗ‫ދ‬ᔢ˷‫ؙৄ؎ع‬᡽࢘ ࢔ዤ࢘ࠋᥒᥐ˷ᤎ࢔ൟྠՔԳӬᅁৄҎ෴ِ ᅻ༶˷ᚅࡥ‫࢟ת‬ାӐҎࡥࡥ࢔࿽ఏ˷‫ػ‬ᆷ࢔ ᒟ౒‫׸‬Ԡয˷஖ჹܶඐӐ࢔஖ჹӤӏᜓ‫ש‬ಕ ௾૵ಸӦ‫ػ‬ఏ‫ތ‬ᄓ฀˷ᇀ᛽ᔲԡ៳Ҏ෴ِ࢔ థ៌˹

‫ࣖת‬঩ᅵ᎓ᑘӐທ੍ᙠઈ࢔ࢗ೚ᥒᥐ˷ ᇷጡᦃᇻԋᅤᔘ༶‫ݳ‬ৱ˷‫ػ‬ᤎ঵౒অӏᜓ᥅ Ӳ࢔˷ҫঅ༴ᙸ‫پ‬෶࢔፮፮যᝲ˷‫࣓ػ‬ԋᅤ ᅻ༶֚է඗ᅻ༶඗؎˷੫‫˷׆‬٦ᤎ݃ᚅ੦˷ ෰অ‫ػ‬ᤎᅻ༶Ӑ࢔ආҎ඗˷Ⴠᚅ੦ᑅᘓᤎ᡽ ၅ߗ˷‫࣓ػ‬ၱ൥֖ᤎክ˼‫˷؞ބ‬ᤎክᝲ‫ق‬၃ ࣓ԋᅤᅻ༶˷ආҕ඗ኃৄ၃࣓፬ॎᅻ༶˼ආ Ң඗˷٦ᔁ൞ࠏᤎ‫࢔ތ‬ᚅ੦‫ۑ‬؇˷ኹ௹ᓮӐ ࢔‫࣓ػ‬ԋᅤᅻ༶ԝᅫᎶᘘ˷หक़๬অ‫ࠋןޱ‬ ఺‫ॿן‬ෞᅻ༶˷‫؎ۑ‬ၺ߽˷Գҥէ඗ԋᅤ᥌ ֥Ճ࢔অҎ઄‫˷᠀ػ‬෰ࣤঅ‫࣓ػ‬ԋᅤᅻ༶༪ ֖࢔ჹᅻ˹ ‫܅ࡃ׸‬Ⴠ൶݃˸‫ػ‬ክ˸ጺရ˸‫ل‬ᗶ˸‫ݍ‬ ᡾˷ԋ၆ଗ˷٦ขӦᦃӧନ֖ఉ࢔ൟྠࠋ঵ ౒˷ࣤၱᦃᇻ‫ތ‬Ҏӭࠏᦃ࢔ᇟኹோᦃ࢔ԋ˷ ขঅҎ઄ࣻ‫ތݚ‬՟Ҏࣻ‫˷ݚ‬Ҏ઄ᅻ༶‫ތ‬՟Ҏ ઄ᅻ༶˷෰၃‫ޝ‬ᅱ֗ֈ߽ᦃᇻჀң˷ᓥུ࠮ ң౽ུ˷۲᥅Ӧԋඡࠇ˷ӏ፝ӏ໪˷‫ݚ‬ጹ٦ ၱᦃᇻ‫ތ‬൶݃࢔ၱ୆෶˷‫ػ‬ክ࢔ҫၱ୆෶˷ Ҏӭ‫پݓ‬୆෶˹ჀආҢ˸է඗‫࣓ػ‬ԋᅤᅻ༶ ӏ‫֖׉‬ఉଗ˷ၺ߽ӏ֖˷ࠏะңආҎ˸ҕ඗ ԋᅤ๬অ‫׸‬ᇷӓ৯˷̫‫ػ‬ክ๬অ‫ػ‬ክ̬˷Ҏ ւ‫׸‬ᇷ‫ػ‬ክ˷ҫ๬༇࿭໳‫˸܆‬Ᏼ‹˸‫ݬ‬ᤳ˷ 35

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

‫ݬؙܕࡃ׸‬ᤳ˷ँӏၱ‫ؙ‬෨၇ެ‫˷ུޚ‬෰๬ অӦᦃᙠ࢔Ԕࡧ˷֚ಒᣋନ࣓‫ع‬೾௞ఫନ˸ ࠛఫႣຍ˸‫࠽ٯ‬෨ᏴៗҢন˹

ຍᙊǕ˘̷۞ॲ໚ ᙠઈঅӦԋఀᐐ࢔ۡղ˷ᅱ֗Ӧԋ෰઄ ಱ‫ؙ‬ҝ࢔Ӄ‫ݳ˷ރ‬೙஬ԋຸ࢔۶ൄ፮‫ࢗ˷؞‬ ‫ތ‬၃᠀࢔ନ႐˹၃᠀ӏோየঅ٦࢔၃᠀ᛎঅ ‫࢔۝‬၃᠀˷կ๬অ‫ف‬༈࢔ோ࿉˷կঅҎ෴ِ ֖ఉ႓Փ࢔‫˷ּݦ‬ᙖ૵᥅൩˷‫׸‬ᜦযِᚇҎ ௖˹‫ݳצ׉‬ᑎԳҥࠏየ࢔‫᠀ػ‬ԋᅤᅻ༶˷Ⴠ ࠏᐗ᡾‫ػތ‬ନ˷‫֖౒فࣤ᠀ػ‬ఉ˷ோᦃ࢔ԋ ᡽࢘ࠏᐗ˷‫ת᠀ػ‬Ң઄ӏ‫ט‬፮‫؞‬ਜຶ࢔၃᠀ Ӑᅱ٥˷֚หൄ፮࢔‫ؙ‬Ӭ᠀˷‫ތ‬൩Ꮨԋ᠀ ȞᏋ၃᠀ȟ˷หक़‫ތ‬᡽᠀Ȟҥ၃᠀ȟ˷‫؟ת੽۝‬ ‫֗׉‬Ԡ࢔ᢀ๊‫ݳ‬ທ੍ԋয˹ Ԡঅ‫੽۝‬ข৯ჀᏘಿ࢔Ӥ஫˷Ԡኹ‫ބ‬կ ‫ف‬༈য౒࢔າᅼࡧࠇ‫ؙ‬ၸ‫ބ‬৯٢ӓස˷Ԡয Ȟࡧࠇȟ֚օ‫ݳ‬য‫ق‬ൟ‫׉˷ת‬য࿁ᅻՓ˷‫܅‬Ҏ ‫ּݦ‬ข‫׸‬ҸୄӐ‫ؙ‬ෝ‫װ‬ఉֺ֖႓࢔Ҿୄ˹ ԋ᠀ኹԠয৯٢˷նᗌࠋᔢ౒࢔ԋል‫׸‬Ԡ ࠇ࢔ࢆል˷ԠࠇԹࣇ၃᠀ࢆል࢔ԋࠏ˷෰‫ݧ‬ ԋࠏ‫ץ‬၃᠀࢔۲᥅‫֖ع‬ఉ˹ԋ᠀༎‫׸‬ԠযҎ ፮፮࢔᥅Ӳࢆል˷ҥҎ፮࢔Ԡযࣲ֚ңҎ፮ ၩয᥅Ӳ‫˷ݳع‬ӏ‫ט‬ൄॎ࢔Ԡয‫׸ؙ‬ൄ፮࢔ ၃᠀˷ࣇ੢ҥয౒࢔Ԡয‫׸‬ҥ၃᠀˷স໥ၩ যԹࣇ൩Ꮨ၃᠀ȞᏋ၃᠀ȟ˷࿕ԋ൶ࠏৱ‫࢔ތ‬ ൩Ꮨԋ᠀˷࣋٢ᠥೡᚅ੦ৱȩȣȺᆠ፼˷಴‫و‬ ֨ᥒ࢔ԋ൶ຶᇀ˷ҎሂҎሂ֖ఉ‫ع‬क़୆ի˹ ‫؟‬ኂຶᇀ‫پ‬অၳோ˷܏ߖԋࠏৄབࠋກȞၳ ҝȟ˷ᚒ඙ଗ˷‫؟‬ኂຶᇀၱ܏ߖ߶֖ٙᑭ˷ ෰৯٢࠰౺ბ೵࢔ֆԕ፬‫౐੽۝˹ٵ‬࿭‫ރ‬ ‫݌‬ֈ߽‫ᦃݳ‬ᇻԠয˷࠷‫࢔׃‬ք᡽᥌֥Ճ˽ Ԡ߰፮Ԡফয౒ࣸՃ‫ש࢔ݳ‬ңԠয˷Ԡফ ࢔ԠযԹࣇ‫ؙ‬ӬԋӐหൄ፮࢔၃᠀˷‫ؙ‬Ӭ ၃᠀‫ת‬෰ኂൄॎ࢔‫ש‬౺˷࣋٢࠰༇ᇧ˸ൄ ॎቸஃӐ࢔၃᠀‫ؙ‬Ӭয˹ྯྮ‫ؠ‬Ү࢔‫ؙ‬Ӭ 36

য෴ཋ֖ኹ‫֖˷ؠ‬๬অ‫᥅ބ˷ؠ‬Ӳᅻ༶৽ অ৯ӻ‫ع‬ӄ˹ ෰ᄼ‫׉‬Ҏ‫؞‬ᅱ֗‫ػ‬ᤎ࢔ᅻ༶‫ݳ‬ᔁ൞Ҏ ң˷ࣾ੢የᅻ˷ಸ‫ػ‬ନዤ࢘ᚅ੦‫ތ‬ԋӐ‫ۑ‬ ؎ၺ߽˷Ҏਁᢍขӏ‫੽۝˷ތ‬ᖦ࢘ᚅ੦‫ۑތ‬ ؎ၺ߽˷ኇྑᚅ੦଄౒ࠏჹ࢔၃᠀፮‫࢔؞‬ग ᑩ˷၃᠀࢔गᑩҡྑ၃᠀หൄ፮࢔ၳோެၳ ٌ‫ؙ˷ߖع‬ᠥ‫˷ࠇࡧ˸ޱ֖˸ࠇف‬ၳ࢔৚ൄ ࡧ೵˷০᝙ԕಧ֖঵Ӑࠏ֗࢔‫ބެ᠀ػ‬Էә ନ᠀˷၅ߗዤ࢘ӻঃՃ‫˷ݳ‬෰๬অ̫ࡧঅҎ ኂ֖঵Ԕ؇̬࢔৚ൄࡧᄃ˿

ᛇۢǕ͕ីᛇᏹ Ӧᦃᙠ࢔֡࢔অಸઈඡֈ߽‫ع‬༪૙᡽ ࢘˷Գ᡽ᖯࢆል‫ᦃݳ‬ᇻ˷Ҕ‫ٴ‬ֈ‫ת‬༪֖࢔ ൟྠ˷‫܅ৄץ‬ҎჀңଗ‫ވ‬ข‫ؙ‬ൟྠ༪֖˹ ౧ҎՔԳృ࢘Ӧԋ঵౒࢔Ԕࡧ˷๬অԳӦ ԋ᡽࢘‫ᦃݳ‬ᇻԋ˷‫ބ‬ᇷ˷᡽࢘অҔ‫࢔ٴ‬ԋ ᅤᅻ༶˷֚၃᠀࢔٥֗‫˷ݳع‬ԋຸఀᐐ࢔ ᐗఉᅻ༶Ӑ˷ֈ߽ৄ‫˷ץ‬᡽࢘ৄࡃ˷ວ઄ Ԕ؇የ˷‫پ‬অ֗ԋຸ࿕༪ֈ߽࢔ઈٌ˷᡽ ࢘ၱ‫ف‬༈֖ఉ˹ ౺քҥ˷᡽࢘‫ؙ‬Ңኂӏ‫ט‬፮‫࢔؞‬ԋᅤᅻ ༶˷ආҎኂঅჹ֚ၱज़‫࢔ظ‬Ҹᄓ‫ع‬૙ൟ࢔᥌ ၃᠀᡽࢘˷ጤੁ֗‫ތ‬ӧନ࣓˷‫ת‬෰ኂᅻ༶ Ӑ˷᡽࢘ኹନ᠀ዤ࢘ࠏ֖ఉ࢔ज़၆ެၺ߽ ‫ؙ‬ᠥ˷‫܅‬Ҏҥ၃᠀᡽࢘࢔ࢆልข‫ؙ‬Ҏ઄ᄓ ฀঵౒Ꮆ؇ৄᇼᘋ˷݃˸ክ˸ᗶ˸ရ˷᡾ ༾෰‫ݧ‬অәନ᠀ԋᅤᅻ༶˷‫੽۝‬ᅱ֗ନ࣓ ಸޯᒄԫঢ়ؒ࿦ᅚ௾˷կ੽ᢩ࠰၅ߗ˸ၺ ߽Ӳ᡽࢘࢔ᐇ។˹ ආ ҕ ኂ ፮ ‫ ˷ ؞‬ኃ ৄ ஭ ና ᡽ ࢘ Ȟ ȸ ɗ ɨ ɛȖ ȷɭɗɨɛɤɛɩɩȟ˷֚࿕༪ࢗ᡽ආӧ၅‫˷ݳع‬෰ অྯྮၺ߽࢔᡽࢘፮‫੽۝˷؞‬᝙̫֚ԋ᡾ მࠏᐗ̬࢔̫၅᡽̬Ȟȼɛɛɢ˷ࣝਪȥᎺԋ‫̔ޜ‬ ‫ݳ‬Ҕ‫ת˷ٴ‬෰઄፮‫੽۝˷؞‬ӏ‫׉‬ཌྷᇼ‫ݬ‬ᖛၱ

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ज़‫ظ‬Ҹᄓ࢔ନ࣓˷‫ع‬۶࿁Ҏ‫˷܄‬࿕ߋҎኂ۶ ንඕ˸۶ࢗ᡽࢔ᦃᇻެࢗ೚ዤ࢘˷կӏჹ֚ әନ࣓࢔ᕗᖪᅻᜣ˷ӏၱ‫؎ۑ‬ၺ߽˹ ආҢኂ፮‫׸˸૷᠁˷؞‬ᇷ࢘࢔ք᡽ȞɆɫɨɛȖ ȷɭɗɨɛɤɛɩɩȟ˷অ֚᠁૷ᇷ৯ࠋֈ࢘˸࠷‫ع׃‬ ‫࢔ݳ‬ք᡽˷หንඕ၁‫˸ڱ‬ӏ᝙֚ӧନ࣓࢔‫׸‬ ᇷᦃ˷ᅱ֗Ҹ‫ف‬༈࢔ҝ࿉Ȟᥒ֗ȟ˷‫׸‬ᇷ࢔ք ᡽˹‫੽۝‬ӏ٣‫׸‬ᇷᦃᇻ˷Ҕ‫࡜ٴ‬၃ҝࠏ‫࢔ת‬ ࠏᐗ˷ҫ࠷֞ᅻ༶Ӑ࢔ࡧࠇ‫׸‬ٙᅱ٥˷‫ބ‬ ᇷ˷෰ଗ‫੽۝‬Ӆ؎ৄᅻ༶ք‫֞࠷˷ݍ‬Ҕ෰ Ҏ፮ӓक़˷̫ყ‫ݦ‬ყࢅք༇ࢅ˷ᑒ৯ࣝ৯˷ ࿾ৄ᥅൩ᅻ༶ቢ̬˹ස࠰෰ኂ᡽࢘፮‫؞‬ଗ˷ ‫֡੽۝‬ᘓలॎ࢟࿗၁‫ڱ‬༇࿉࢔ࡧࠇȞࡧ৯ყ Ҳȟ˷෰অ‫؎ۑ‬Ҏӭ‫࢔ࢅݦ‬౺᜸˹ Ⴠ‫ݬׇڼ੽۝‬ᖛନ࣓࢔၅ߗዤ࢘ჹᥐ ଗ˷ၱՃൟ‫ނ‬ኂ౺քவณ˷‫ބ‬Ҏঅନ࣓࢔‫ۀ‬ ਫ਼ࠇ˷ᦃᇻӏ‫ތ‬஭ናᥒᥐ࢔‫ׇ‬ዱ˼‫ބ‬ҕ˷‫۝‬ ੽ၱՆҥҎ‫׸˷׸ݲ˷َࡂݧ‬ᇷᥒᥐՆԳၺ ߽Ӳ࢔఺‫ॿן‬ෞ˷‫ࠏץ‬ಶ‫ؙ࢔ތ‬ਫ਼ᅚ௾࿾ॏ ֨ఉӏ‫ڼ‬ᔁ࢔ᇷጡࢆ৯Ȟ࢖Җሚྠȟ˹Ⴠ‫੽۝‬ ࿾‫ݬ‬ᒡନ࣓ଗ˷ࠏᦃᇻ‫࢔ּݦ‬ȯȯț؎‫׀‬ขි ᅻᜣೡҔ˷ะң࢔ȧț‫੽۝‬ዤৄঅ‫ஂ࢔ּݦ‬ ᇷࢆ৯˷‫ބ‬ᇷՠঅၸҾҎ฀‫࢖׸ݲ˷׀‬Җሚ ‫˷ݍྠތ‬࿾ᓪ‫ݍ‬᡾࢔᠁ᓸ˷ၱ‫ׇڼ؎ۑ‬ᖴዧ ࢔Ҹྠၺ߽˹ ᡽࢘অᦃᇻҔ‫࢔ٴ‬ᅻ༶˷ಸӐ‫੽۝‬Ք Գᦃᇻ᡽࢘‫ڼ‬ᔁ࢔‫ת׻‬ჹᥐ˷ӏ፝ӏ໪‫׸‬ ᇷᦃ˸‫׸‬ᇷ࢘˹ᗂུ᡽࢘ҝՆൄ˷ᇼᇷ৯ ࢔ዤ࢘ҫ۶ൄ˷‫ת‬ԕಧ֖঵ҥᅱຸ֗ᎀස ൞‫᥅౐ݦ‬ಶ۶Նབղ˹᝙ུ࿕༪‫ݣ‬ఀᐐֈ ࢘˷ᝈᛌჹ֚ନ࣓ዤ࢘࢔வณ˷‫ع‬۶ՆҔ ᅁ‫ف‬ӄެޯᒄԫঢ়˹

ඡ˷‫ᦃ੽۝‬ᇻҎӭ‫౒࢔ࢅݦ‬ልᅻ༶˷‫ތ݃ع‬ ‫׸ࢅݦ‬ٙᅱ٥˷֡გ٘ࣕࠏ೵ᓧ࢔৚ൄᐗ ఉ˹ఉࣆኮ༅࠰ՃҘ૵ࠋ‫ݍ‬ᥒ၅‫ޜ‬෰઄‫ف‬ӄ ᖪᓺ࢔ࠏᐗ˷Ⴠઈඡ۶ൄҘ˷᡽࢘ಕᜌ૙‫ق‬ Ҏӭᥒᥐ˷๬‫ؙܕ‬ୠߖࠏᐗҔ˷ઈٌ؎ৄ༇ ࠏӏՈ࢔᡽࢘˷‫ࠏ੽۝‬ౙኹ࢔ֽٙ঵౒ข؎ ৄᙠઈࠏᐗ˷෰ࣤঅֈ࢘࢔བղ˷෰‫ࡧ̫ݯ‬ অҎኂ֖঵Ԕ؇̬෰դᅌ۶ਓҖ‫ޢ‬ᡈ˹ ۶ን᏷‫ש‬የ˷ֈ࢘অҎኂ᡽࢘˷ԋຸ೸ ᒕృ࢘ԕಧ֖঵Ӑ˷‫˸ݍ‬Ҵ˸၃Ңٌӓࣾ࢔ ఉԋ౒߽˷‫੽۝‬ਬ၊ோ᡽࢘ԋຸफ़Ꭿ‫ת‬ਜຶ Ӑᅱ٥˷ࣤ၊ோ‫ת‬ԕಧ֖঵ӐࣇൟՃֈٌ˸ ֈዢ˸ຸᎀ˹ ஂֈ࢔ۙᎺኹ᠁૷‫܅ތ݃˷ࡧ݃فݳ‬ ଗ‫֖ވ܅‬঵Ӑ‫ف‬༈ᇷ৯࢔ֈ݃˹༇࠷࢔֖ ঵Ӑ˷߶߶ӏӿ᡽࢘‫ف‬ӄ࢔၃ၳ˸ዢၳ˸ ٌၳȢȖ؎ৄᛔᥫ෨၇˸౽ུ˸Ꭸ၃࢔႘‫˷ی‬ ‫ع‬෨˸Ᏼ˸ៗҢনঅҎӭ౽ུ࢔ନ႐˷ᙠઈ ‫੽۝ٺؙ‬༪૙ֈ࢘˷Գడᇼஂֈጤੁ೩‫ٌޚ‬ ౒˷ᛌٰ౽ུ෺؎۶‫װ‬༣ਪ࢔ᅻಾ˹ ۜ̓ᅳ፽̔˸ߖ˸ᎀҢᓥঅ٘ࣕየࡧ࢔ ҢҸ੢‫ؓࣕ٘˷מ‬ӅॳՃҔᅳᅤ˷๬ৱ‫੽۝‬ ‫׸‬ٙᓥඡᙠઈ˷ಕ೵ࡧᝲӲ؎ٌ౒࢔೵൞ٌ ᠁˹หक़˷ઈඡӦᦃᙠ࢔ܵน֡Ꮄ๬অᅱ֗ Ҹ‫ف‬༈ࡧࠇ࢔ҝ࿉˷‫࢔૷᠁ৄ؎ع‬ᄆࢦ˹ຸ ᎀ˸ᅳ፽˸஖ෲ֚࠰݃ࡧ‫ৄנع‬Ҏᥒ˷ᥦ‫۝‬ ੽‫݋‬ҥെӲӦԋ࢔ᅳᅤ˷ࢗ‫ࠛ˷ߡ߹ق‬ఫҎ ӭਪ˿

ඕኢ ઈඡӦᦃᙠ˷ౄੜ࠰ᦃᇻࠏᐗ࢔᥅൩ք ᑩ˷‫܅תع‬ҎᥒᥐӐขৱ‫ތ‬Ң‫׈‬৯˷᝙ུઈ 37

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

Ꮳ᛭҄ଡ்‫ܚ‬կკᏤ !

߄ᑧ

ௐ˛ౢ! ඳ೩ፘᖃ޵! ‫ݝັת‬ᣁՏ˷ཀྵຟᔎঅ‫؀‬దᄼ࿾‫٘࠰؞‬ ဦ࢔ආҕੜੁ᜹५ᇼྠ˹ັ‫ݝ‬ᣁՏ٘೵૫ᇼ ཀྵຟᔎ࢔᜹५Քఖႌ‫ތ‬өӤࣾҢԫਊ˷‫ུپ‬ ‫࢔ן‬ӽ၇ॉ࿭ԩ‫ْת‬ଗ˹ᘋԷ࢔ᛑᑑ˷‫ה‬ॎ ాҸ࢔ܾࣖԩষጁ‫ބ‬ҹ‫ط࣒ހ‬հᆹٝಒ‫װ‬៨ ‫ݝັތ‬ᣁՏॏ֨հ൵ᆹᇛ˹ᗂ‫˷࢔ݳט׷‬ఫ Ҕ‫ۜރ‬հ૦ӓթ˷ᛎ‫ؙ‬Ҏໆಸ٘ࣕ੎ਖ࢔ઝ ཀྵຟᔎҥࠏ్ң࢔ཀྵຟᔎշਰ˹෰ໆྠ፾ུ ٘ࣕ࢔ဠቋֈ᡽ެ‫ނ‬౲ӹᑌ࢔ཀྵຟᔎਰිኂ ໏‫ת‬Ⴠଗ࢔੫ขࣖ‫ࠑٻ‬ᅵາࠑ࢔Ҏ઄Ҹ‫؀‬ ᄼ˷‫ࣤ؀؟‬অັ‫ݝ‬ᣁՏห‫࢔ןؙ‬ཀྵຟ‫˹؀‬ ಸ‫؟‬Գक़˷ཀྵຟᔎ᜹५ࣤҎࢗ؎ৄັ‫ݝ‬ᣁ Տ࢔Ҏ઄ၸ‫ބ‬፹ࡴযٌ࢔٘೵࿽ඐඡ࣮˹ ‫ބ‬ᇷ˷ᔎԘ᜹५অ‫ה‬ॎ࢔Ҏ઄Օ‫ط‬ඡ ࣮˷կ‫٘ת‬೵ӓࣾࣤӅ‫ת‬Օ‫ה‬ॎ፹ࡴযٌ Ҕ˹Օ‫ה‬ॎҖዤৄᔎԘঅ‫ם‬ኂ஖᥮࢔ߝࠏ˷ ‫؟ץ‬ෲᅻᇼᔎԘ࢔᜹५ՔԳᙊಶ‫ם‬Ԕ஖᥮࢔ ᣋٜ˹ᓸ٘ჹ௹ᅬ˷Ⴠಿᅵ‫װ‬ӿҺ‫ת‬ཀྵຟᔎ ңઈٌଗ˷‫ؙ‬Ҏْ‫ן‬՞࿭Նࣕ࢔ࢄ‫ص‬ҹࣤዧ ‫ۥ‬ԷჀ٥஖˷‫܅‬ԕ‫ݱ‬Էխ‫ز‬࿰‫תݣ‬Է੢ࣾ᜹ ५ৼᠮ˹‫ބ‬ᇷ˷෰ኂᇼᔎԘ࢔᜹५࣡‫־‬ඡ࣮ ؓ‫٘ת‬೵࿽Ҙັ‫ݝ‬ᣁՏӓࣾ๬‫ת‬Ⴠ‫ש‬፹ࡴয ٌҔ˹ନᓸ̣Ҹա̤࢔௹ᅬ˷өӤࣾէԫ ਊ˷᜵ಊਖԩ̓Ɇɗɤɚɫɡɗɘɞɗɯɗ̔ົ‫ٻࣖת‬ 38

ࠑᅵາࠑ࢔َध࣓ࣘ࣋ॳዤҎໆራᔎৄ‫ࣕڕ‬ ஖̓Ɍɛɩɩɗɬɗɤɗ̔࢔ߝࠏ˹‫ࣕڕ‬஖ҡኃ٥ఇ ஖˸Պӽԩެ៨ҳవԩ˹ӏҩ˷ԷҡॳዤҎ ໆເែᔎৄᜭ஖̓Ɍɯɗɚɞɗȣɚɛɬɗ̔࢔ߝࠏ˹ ‫ف‬ಸཀྵຟᔎ࿽Ҙັ‫ݝ‬ᣁՏӓक़˷෰ኂᔎ Ԙ࢔࣡‫־‬ඡ࣮ࣤ‫ؙ‬ҔҎኂၨ࢔ᝲ᥅˷կ࢔ር ᡯ‫ْש‬෷቏ৄཀྵຟᔎࠏຼԹҔ˹֚࠰٘ࣕঅ ‫ת‬ཀྵຟᔎңઈٌ؎ᅳ࢔˷‫عץ‬ཀྵຟᔎ‫٘ת‬೵ ૫࢔ԋ֡Ӑ˷‫ބ‬஖ᄆ‫ْש‬ዾዾྯᅻ‫ބ‬կ࢔ֽ ٙҎኂᔎԘ˹ᇼ٘೵૫‫ݳ‬ᚴ˷ཀྵຟᔎঅҢҸ ᜹५ᇼྠӓҎ˹᛫༈‫٘ݧؙ˷؟׸‬೵૫Ӡ༈ ࣨ॰ᇼາෲᔎԘ࢔᜹५࣡‫˹־‬ӏᅻ˷Է੽࢔ ᜹५֡࢔ՠঅৄҔᙊ‫םޚ‬ኂ஖᥮࢔ᘈ‫˷ٺ‬Գ ‫܆‬ն‫˷׿‬୆‫ٰܣ‬ᠧ༾˹ ‫٘ת‬೵૫࢔ԋ֡Ӑ˷ཀྵຟᔎӓࠏԳԝ ‫ބ‬կᔎԘ஖ᄆ˷෰অ‫ৄץ‬կ‫ט‬ଗҫྠ፾ུ ٘ࣕ˹ᓸ٘ჹ௹ᅬ˷٘ࣕົ‫ف‬ӄॏ᡿ԝԮ ੽‫ת‬஘ဟንࢳኂ໏ཀྵຟᔎԳ٥ৄԷӏ‫ת‬ଗ ࢔᜹५ެ‫ݱ‬ᒩᇼྠ˹‫ࣕ٘˷؞ބ‬ᛎॳߖԷ ࢔؎ᅳසཀྵຟٝਖ٥ৄक़ԫ࣡૫੽຾५ެ ኂ໏ኀ֙࢔էҸᄆ‫ש‬ӓҎ˹ֈ‫˷؟׸ৄץ‬ ཀྵຟᔎࣤ؎ৄ٘೵૫࣡‫־‬᜹५࢔Ҏ઄ӏՔ வԂ࢔ᇼྠ˷ҫ؎ৄइ࿽‫؀‬ద࢔ҢҸ‫ݱ‬ᒩ ᜹५๔ࠏӓҎ˹

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ᓸ௹ᅬ˷Ⴠ࣒‫ط‬հᆹٝಒ‫װ‬៨ࠏ᢮ನ࢔ ཀྵຟᔎਰ‫ת‬ཀྵຟ‫؎࣒؀‬ӓक़˷ӽ၇ॉ࿭ԩົ ңԺ్ңէϽໆշਰӬ໏‫ׇת‬౲‫טݣשם‬ଗ ңԺ‫ׇ‬౲֊൵Ҹ࿉ኂ໏ཀྵຟᔎ˹‫ת‬ኂ໏क़˷ Էᛎৄ‫؟‬ᚓᖧҔҎ઄‫ׇ‬౲ࠇ࢔፿஗Ҹ‫˷ޅ‬࿟ ੜ፿஗‫̣˹ݦބ‬Ҹա̤௹ᅬ˷Էᛎົ‫؞װ‬ᚓ ᖧ‫؟‬ᠭ፿‫˷ޅ‬क़‫ݳ‬෷቏؎ৄҎኂඡ࣮˷‫ת‬Է ӓक़࢔ඐࡲࢦ‫܅‬Ͻҕ؆ขੁᚓٌҎ‫ׇ؞‬౲ࠇ ࢔൳‫ݳޅ‬᜹ၦཀྵຟᔎ˹‫׸‬өӤࣾҕԫਊ˷‫ۼ‬ ข଴߈‫ٻ‬ԩ๬ົৄᚓᖧ෰ኂ൳‫عޅ‬Ҏ‫ࢻ؞‬ೡ ҔϽყ‫֞ނ‬ጏ˹өӤҎԫਊ˷Ԇङ੐ࣻ༇ড় ԩҫৄᚓᖧ‫؟‬ᠭ൳‫عޅ‬๶ԲாታҔ౲૧˹ ‫ف‬ಸӽ၇ॉ࿭ԩңԺҸ࿉ኂ໏ཀྵຟᔎ ӓक़˷ཀྵຟᔎӅ؎ৄັ‫ݝ‬ᣁՏ࢔Ҏᅳಧ݃ ຶᦃ˹ӡӽ˷‫੽۝‬ӏ࿾‫؀ת‬దᄼՔԳ݃‫ތ‬ ཀྵຟᔎ˷‫ع‬ԭ‫܅ת‬Ҏ઄‫ۻ‬යࠋੁᅳକ᠓ข ோ݃‫ތ‬Ҏໆ᣶༈‫࢔֨ع‬Ҹཀྵຟᔎ˹ᓸየ˷ ັ‫ݝ‬ᣁՏ࢔ࠏ‫ؙ‬ཀྵຟᔎขঅਿ֖࠰ཀྵຟ‫؀‬ ࢔ઝཀྵຟᔎ˹٣অ˷෰ኂየࡧঅ‫ڄ‬᏷ᇷई Ӆ༇ࡧ‫᠁ظ‬Ҕ˹ ӡӽ˷ཀྵຟ‫࢔؀‬ઝཀྵຟᔎӠ༈؎ৄ٘ ೵૫࢔࣡‫ެ־‬᜹५Ӑԋ˹෰ໆՕ‫࢔ط‬ཀྵຟ ᔎఫҔߕ೵࢔၃ᄃӓթ˷ᛎ‫ؙރ‬ᔘա࢔ਊ ߽ፀ੹˹٥ৄԫঢ়ҥᔘաหೀҩ࢔ҎໆՕ ᔎ˷կӅ֖‫׻‬Ҕ‫ނ‬Ҳҕ‫װذ‬؆˹᛫༈ᔘჹ ႜଯ˷ईಸօිႇឲᅻ˹‫ݯپ‬Օขࣖ‫ࠑٻ‬ ᅵາࠑᒄ‫ޜ‬թ౲Җሞႇ࢔ଗઅ˷կӠ༈‫ڼ‬ ‫׶‬༇ၡ˹ӡӽ˷կӅ؎Ҕັ‫ݝ‬ᣁՏหৄ஖ᄆ ެུ‫࢔ן‬Ҏස຾५ᄆ‫˹ש‬ཀྵຟᔎ‫ݍف‬ҫ‫ތޜ‬ Ҕܿ‫ࣨ࢔׶‬ᣋ˷կࠏස࢔գ౺էޯขঅᛖ࣑ ࢔ᢲ‫˷܀‬੬ि੽ՠோዾዾ‫תש‬գ౺߰฀ࠏෞ ࢔‫ݱ‬գࣾ᜹५‫ݱ‬ᒩ˷ღԚᒡ࣋ᔎᄏ࢔ҥ฀գ ࿛˹‫ט‬ଗ˷ᛎ‫ؙ‬ෝ‫ެ׿ࣨװ‬ᣋ൞Җબᡇಒ‫ש‬ ৱ‫ࣨެ׽‬ᣋ˷‫ؙݣ‬ಔᝐҖબੇ෥‫܅‬ӽ࢔റ঴ սೢެᏉԠ˹ ‫ת‬෰ໆՕ‫࢔ط‬ཀྵຟᔎ੢ࣾ˷‫܅‬؆ขੁᚓ

ٌҎ‫؞‬ୠ‫ٴ‬࿟ੜ࢔‫ݱ‬ᔎጽ؇˷෰ኂጽ؇ිኃ ৄȝೣ࣑ጽ؇ȝ˹‫ת‬ᚓٌ෰ኂጽ؇ຽ࿗˷‫فݳ‬ ‫ׇ‬౲‫࢔שם‬௪ᅋ࣡૫ழழ‫מ‬ཀྵຟᔎ‫ݱ‬ᒩ‫ם‬ኂ ྩੜࢅग˸ᖵఇެ‫ބ‬կ‫ם‬ᠭࢅग˹‫ބת‬կ‫ש‬ Ԕ࢔ཀྵຟᔎࣾ˷ҫᚓٌ෰ኂ‫ݱ‬ᔎጽ؇˷᛫༈ ௪ᅋ࢔༶ॎത༇‫ނ‬Ꭿ˷٣‫ބ‬࿟ੜࠇई‫ؙུ‬ӽ ᡉӓ‫˹ٴ‬ ኹཀྵຟᔎ৯ᠥ࢔՟Ҏযٌ‫ݱ‬ᒩጽ؇অৄ Ҕ୆‫ٰܣ‬ᠧ‫ع‬࿁ٌ࢔ᔬ‫ݱ‬ጽ؇˹ჀҎ઄Җᒄ ‫ܣޜ‬ᠧଗ˷ჹҠࢦኌߖৄ‫ݘ‬ାࠏ࣢ଗ˷ࣤၱ Փ‫ݱ‬ᒩެ᜹५ཀྵຟᔎ˹٥ৄ෰ኂ֡࢔࢔‫ݱ‬ᒩ ެ᜹५˷ෲಧঅ‫ת‬ཀྵຟᔎޯ๑᛽ᔲҸ࿉࢔ၹ Һ࡫ᔬ˷ኃ٥ᔬ‫؟˹ݱ‬թ˷ᛎ‫ؙ‬ᛵࢻ˸խ‫ز‬ ࿰˸Ԡࡃ˸ཽᄝ˸᝷៳˸Ꮀᄓެ༲ሁ༾‫ݱ‬ ग˹‫ݱת‬༲ሁӓࣾ˷༲ሁෲಧੁ֗ᔍ࿶‫و‬ ࢔੬ଔԠറ঴˹‫ڼݱ‬༲ሁӓक़˷‫ם‬ᠭ࢔‫ݱ‬ग ӌි‫؞ݬ‬ᖴᄘ‫ؙ‬ਣ‫ש‬೫࠮‫ת‬ཀྵຟᔎࣾ࢔‫ݱ‬ଥ ҥ˹೚ུ˷ԯ॰ᆹҖ࿕ߋዠ߽‫ם‬ኂ᠈Һ˹‫ת‬ ౣᦏ࢔‫ט‬ଗ˷୳Җ‫ۥ‬Ҏ፳٘ሤࠋҎဪҾ֞յ లೣ‫ת‬ཀྵຟᔎࡇҥ˷ҥ੢፭ུ୳Җ࢔୳‫ࠋן‬ ‫ܣޜ‬ઝ‫ݝັ˹ץ‬ᣁՏ࢔࣡૫৯࣡ෲᅻ෰ኂጽ ؇˷Է੽࢔୳ᣨࠋ‫ܣ‬ᠧࣤோಶ‫ތ‬ᅁఫ˹ ጽ؇࢔՟Ҏ฀ӬӦ૕অ֗੬Ԡ‫୑ܐ‬ཀྵຟ ᔎ˷෰ҫঅՓఫ୳ᣨ‫ܣ‬ᠧ࢔Ҏ઄ৼᠮԔ؇˹ ჀҎӭ‫ݱ‬गข‫׶ݱ‬क़˷ԯ॰ጽ؇࢔ᆹҖࣤጩ ུҸ൵ᙌᝈཀྵຟᔎҢՋ‫ݣ‬ዠ߽ᦏ⇨˹ᦏ⇨࢔ Ҹ၃‫׸‬ң˽ ‫۝‬᜹५ཀྵຟᔎ˷٘ࣕ੡ᣨ؎ᅳ࢔‫ש‬Ԕ˼ ‫۝‬᜹५෰ໆҸཀྵຟᔎ˷ԫ࿗หৄ๪ྩ࢔ᄆ ᔎ˹ર˿ᔎԩཀྵຟ ᔎ˷‫۝‬ၦ᜹ು ‫˿ڗ‬ ‫ݱ‬ᔎጽ؇ ෲಧঅԳఔ‫מ‬ Շ፽དྷҸ‫ש‬൵֖ ‫ڎع‬ဠቋཋ۷˹ 39

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

Dhammapada Sutta Ven. Nàrada Chapter 3 Citta Vagga Mind

Durangamam ekacaram asariram guhasayam Ye cittam sannamessanti mokkhanti marabandhana.

FREE ARE THEY WHO HAVE CONTROLLED THEIR MINDS

1. Because no two thought moments arise at a particular time.

Faring far, wandering alone,1 bodiless,2 lying in a cave,3 is the mind. Those who subdue it are freed from the bond of Mara.

2. The imperceptible mind is immaterial and colourless.

Story An uncle and nephew were leading the Holy Life. One day the nephew received two pieces of cloth and he presented one to his uncle but he declined the offer. He was displeased and planned to leave the Order while fanning his uncle. He thought that he would sell one piece of cloth and buy a she-goat and earn some money. Eventually he would get married and would have a son. Then he would pay a visit to his uncle with his wife and child. On the way his wife would accidentally kill his child and he would get angry and beat his wife. Day dreaming thus he struck his uncle with the fan. The uncle read his thoughts and brought him to his senses. The nephew felt ashamed, dropped the fan and ran away. The monks seized him and brought him to the Buddha's presence. The Buddha described the fleeting nature of the mind. Annotation: 40

3. Guhasayam - i.e., the seat of consciousness. It is clear that the Buddha had not definitely assigned a specific basis for consciousness as He had done with the other senses. It was the cardiac theory (the theory that the heart is the seat of consciousness) that prevailed in His time, and this was evidently supported by the Upanishads. The Buddha could have adopted this popular theory, but He did not commit Himself. In the Patthana, the Book of Relations, the Buddha refers to the basis of consciousness in such indirect terms as yam rupam nissaya, dependent on that material thing. What the material thing was the Buddha did not positively assert. According to the views of commentators like the Venerables Buddhaghosa and Anuruddha the seat of consciousness is the heart (hadayavatthu). One wonders whether one is justified in presenting the cardiac theory as Buddhistic when the Buddha Himself neither rejected nor accepted this popular theory.

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

Anavannhitacittassa saddhammam avijanato Pariplavapasadassa panna na paripurati.

Anavassutacittassa ananvahatacetaso Punnapapapahinassa natthi jagarato bhayam.

TO THE VIGILANT THERE IS NO FEAR 6.

He whose mind is not steadfast, he who knows not the true doctrine, he whose confidence wavers - the wisdom1 of such a one will never be perfect.

He whose mind is not soaked (by lust) he who is not affected (by hatred), he who has transcended both good and evil2 - for such a vigilant3 one there is no fear.

Story: A farmer entered the Order thinking to lead an easy life. Six times he discarded the robe and each time he re-entered the Order. Once seeing his pregnant wife in disarray, he was disgusted of worldly life. On the way to the monastery he meditated and became a Stream - Winner (Sotapanna) and entreated the unwilling monks to reordain him. He received his ordination and, before long attained Arahantship. When the monks mentioned to the Buddha that he claimed Arahantship the Buddha explained his state of mind before and after his realization of Nibbana.

Annotation: 1. Namely, spiritual wisdom or insight. 2. The deeds of an Arahant, a perfect Saint, are neither good nor bad because he has gone beyong both good and evil. This does not mean that he is passive He is active but his activity is selfless and is directed to help others to tread the path he has trod himself. His deeds, ordinarily accepted as good, lack creative power as regards himself in producing Kammic effects. He is not however exempt from the effects of his past actions. He accumulates no fresh kammic activities. Whatever actions he does, as an Arahant, are termed "inoperative" (kiriya), and are not regarded as Kamma. They are ethically ineffective. Understanding things as they truly are, he has finally shattered the cosmic chain of cause and effect. 3. It should not erroneously be understood that Arahants do not sleep. Whether asleep or awake they are regarded as sleepless or vigilant ones, since the five stimulating virtues - namely, confidence (saddha), energy (viriya), mindfulness (sati), concentration (samadhi), and wisdom (panna) are ever present in them. 41

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

߿ જ ࿰ Ә ̚ࡌ୎ົ քၱಕ࠰ғԗԈәԕ̓আຽӧ̔ഄ࿗ ґଗ˷࠰֒٘‫ࣜ؀‬؆঵౒ӐԋᚓٌӐਂჲ ഄၱ˷Գ፿஗Ӑਂ‫ݮ‬ჲ˹ ഄၱ֚քၱಫᎺ඗ԯᖧ˷‫ބ‬Է‫ם‬඗‫ޓ‬ ᖧ˹ഄၱӐ˷‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦ಕኹၱ˷ެၱӹҸ൵ ‫׈‬໣‫ݮ‬ჲ˹՟թߛ‫׿‬೫‫ؙ‬ን಴ࣇቀჲ֡˷੃ ‫˽ؙ‬ᔴౣ˸‫נ‬ౣ˸ኻᛅ˸ᇼҴ৯ᚅ˸ՇӾࣇ ቀ˷ެ‫װ‬࿫Ꮊᓗቀब༾˹ഄၱӐְႚล‫ؙ‬ԗ ጭ༾᛽ԋᗖ൲ᣢि˷ᤂࣉҸ൵ᖞᣏౙՆ˹

ࢦวະҁ୎ົ ፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱৄ࣒ᒩၱ൵ᇼ࣒ࢦ࢔ၦੜެ ᠥԋ˷‫ט‬ଗҫৄ༪ຩ๪࣒࢔ਐ፽˷ಕ࠰Ͻԗ Ͻӧԕ̓আຽӧ̔ӐӴϽҕଗ˷࠰֒٘‫ࣜ؀‬ ؆঵౒Ӑԋ˷ᚓٌ̫ੜ࿝ၦ‫ط‬ၱ̬˹ᤂࣉґ ϽႆԳҥ࢔࣒ᑻౙՆ˹

ੜ࿝ၦ‫ط‬ၱ֚քၱၱબ඗ԯᖧ˷‫ޅ‬૩඗ ಕႚล‫ؙ‬ᝩ൳Ӵᜂ˷ެ‫ם‬؇᛽ԋ˸Ԡࡃ˹‫ھ‬ ၃ࡧ૦ҫಕኹၱ˷‫طמ‬Җ૑੽ᠥឹ౥અ˷‫ݣ‬ ᠇ఏ᜹ࢅ˹՟թߛ‫׿‬೫‫װؙ‬࿫ࣇቀჲ֡ᒬ ᕮ˷ຽ৳‫ࢦْ࣒ם‬ᖞᣏ‫ތ‬ၱ˹

ඳ೩͕̚ຏाᒪ˛ ፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱಕ࠰၅૴ჲ࢔఺ຽ˷ϽҎԗ Ԉәԕ̓আຽէ̔‫ق‬ϽҕԗҎԕ˷࠰ཀྵຟӐ ԋᚓᖧґԕᙠઈࡧၱ˹ ҖҖข‫ۉ‬ഋோٰఫ༣ਪ˷‫߬ޜݩ‬ኀۙ Ꮊ˹‫ބ‬ᇷۙᎺ‫࠰܏ޚ‬Ӧԋ࢔ልॎ˷෻ᅻઈ ٌ˷ՔԳᛠᛚӦԋ˸࿕༪ຸᎀ˷หक़ᅵ‫ތ‬ ᎄຂਪຍ࢔Ԛ૵˹ ‫؞؟‬ґԕ࢔ᙠ‫ڧ‬ᗌઈࡧၱ˷ୠ‫૳ٴ‬ᑑ‫ھ‬ ၃ࡧ૦ನጩ˹፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱᛑᑑು˷࠮ңԫ࿗ ࢔ᇝัᥢඎ˷ࣾ߶ौᗌ࢔ཀྵຟӐԋ˷ౙՆᙠ ઈ˹‫ؙ‬၃ౙՆࢦᑑ‫؀٘֒מ‬ᖧөाȞᆠᅌ˽ ȨȮȧȣȪȯȮȣȧȬȧȬȟ๗‫˹ן‬

ᡬ‫ࡧ׸‬૦ዂ‫؀‬չࡧܶ‫׋‬ ਐӐ٘೵ၱٓ॰ᡬ‫ࡧ׸‬૦˷ᘋ፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱᛑᑑ˷ಕ࠰ϽԗԈҢԕ̓আຽӧ̔ዂᚒ֒٘‫˷؀‬ ૙࿕Ҏܶ‫࢔׋‬չࡧ঵౒˹ ᚴ૩ҎȖ ˽̫է༇࿉ԋ̬ ଗ࿗˽ϽԗԈէԕӺҢϽҎԕȞআຽԕȟҥӴϽҎଗ‫ق‬Ͻҕଗ˷ ‫ש‬᛽˽֒٘‫؀‬Ҹ࿥ᡍႈ ᚴ૩ҕ˽̫֖঵Ӑ࢔٘ࡧ̬ ଗ࿗˽ϽԗԈӧԕ̓আຽҕ̔ኹԈҙԕ̓আຽէ̔ഄҥґଗҢϽӬ‫ق‬ғଗҢϽӬ ‫ש‬᛽˽֒٘‫ᦃ؀‬੦ႈ ᙠ‫ڧ‬೵ᓥ˽̫ԋ࢔ఀᐐ̬ ଗ࿗˽ϽԗҢϽԕ̓আຽӧ̔ ‫ש‬᛽˽֒٘‫ᦃ؀‬੦ႈ ཀྵຟӐԋՃ޸౾ኀ঵౒˽ ଗ࿗˽ϽҎԗҎԕ̓আຽҎ̔‫ق‬ϽҎԗӧԕȖ ̓আຽӧ̔ ঵౒˽ᡬ‫ࡧ׸‬૦ನጩҸ൵ᔁ൞ཀྵຟӐԋຶᦃӺᔎࡈ ྒ˽‫ؙ‬၃༪ԋ‫׈‬ᚭ൳ᚓࢦ˷ᤂࣉುᆦ‫؀٘֒מ׆‬ᖧөा༩௹˹Ȟᆠᅌ˽ȨȮȧȣȪȯȮȣȧȬȧȬȟ

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

߿ જ ⯩ ᇆ ᇇэҢି‫ົם‬ણణ࡚߷ඳ೩͕̚ ፽‫٘؃‬೵‫ޓ‬ၱϽْइ࿽࢔ࡧ૦˷࠰ӧԗ ғԕኹϽԕ˷ᘋᛑ‫ق‬ਐভཀྵຟӐԋఽ‫ނ‬ԕҎ ޼ౙෙ˹ ፽‫٘؃‬೵‫ޓ‬ၱঅҎ઄ਐ౲፽‫٘؃‬೵ᇛᥒ ࢔ᚇ‫נ‬ၱ˷࠰ȧȯȯȨ؆˷֚‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦༾әْ ᅚൄࡧ૦ࠏ‫ט׈‬ฯ֨˹‫ޓ‬ၱ؎֨࢔ԯੁߕؔ ৄ˽ȧȤȖ չຩ٘ࡧ˷ᢾ٘ᎀ‫˹ޱ‬ȨȤȖ ೥૙‫ׇ‬፽ ‫٘؃‬೵ᇛᥒӓ࿗Ӻ٘೵૫ӓ࿗࢔ᚇ៣˸֯য ኹ႑ෲ˹ȩȤȖ᝙ུ೵ᓥኹౙኹ၄བ‫ݦ‬ၳ˷ಕ٘ ೵ನҘਐ౲ԯয࢚ၱ˹ ፽‫٘؃‬೵‫ޓ‬ၱౙෙᇛ࠰ϽԕӴᜂक़ញ Փ˹

Ѓ̀࿲‫ି؟‬Ϲ߹‫ٺົם‬ϜҢъะົ

ߖ˸ᎀ࢔ઈ॰ৄԯផ˷ᢐຩԳᖨ‫ۜ׽‬ॖ˸ࣨ ॰ֈ߽ެઈᓥֈ࢘ֈ݃ৄఽҖසԫ࢔ֈᅳ˹ ࡧ૦ዤৄ‫ת‬৯Ә‫૵૵˸׻ݬ‬৯ᠥ࢔Җԫ࿗˷ ညઈ၄ຂ˸ຸᎀ˷Ԕோஂֈຟ࠼ን஖֖঵ኹ ᅳ፽֖঵˹ᔁ઄࿦ၱ঵౒˷࠰ңӴ਍әଗဠ ቋ˹

ᝌਖ਼઼̚ᅳְᐡ‫׹‬ကઘᓁᅳְ ፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱၱ࣒െ୊࣒‫˷ط‬ኹ֒٘‫ٓ؀‬ ॰‫ھ‬၃ԔҤ˷࠰ґԗҎԕ૒ᑑ˸ᤂఏ˷ᒮֹ ҶᆨӐ౲ጩ‫ݦ‬ᗗޯᆶ౎ᙷጩ‫˹ݦ‬ ޯ౎ᙷጩ‫࠰ݦ‬ҥӴϽҎଗࠥᅵ֒٘‫˷؀‬ ‫ؙߛ࢔ٌט‬ၨ‫࢔ֽތ‬ರ࿽‫ᙷ౎ٱ‬ጩ‫˸ݦ‬ᗲ࿕ ᵒጩ‫ެݦ‬ԩۖ‫ھ‬ጩ‫ࡧْނ˹ݦ‬૦ެᑒْጩ ‫˷ݦ‬๬Ӑ౲٘೵ެਐ౲٘೵࢔֯য˷ެਐ ౲٘೵օ‫࢔ݳ‬༪૙˷࿁ٌҔ֯ᑎ˹ޯ౎ᙷ ጩ‫ݦ‬Ҏٌ࠰ӴᜂӺ‫נ‬፼ୱ߽क़˷਍ңӴҎ ଗҢϽӬ˷‫ڎ‬᠒ញՓ˹

3121ѐ‫͌ܦ‬ѐጯҢआ΄ᒉ քၱ࠰ґԗҕԕ‫ق‬әԕ˷࠰ਐভཀྵຟӐ ԋᚓٌආϽҙߞ̫ࣜԂ؆ᓥ઼٘Ժᘿ̬˷Ӻ ආϽߞ̫Ҏԕ‫༼ހ‬ᓥ٘ᘿ̬˸̫Ҏԕ૑࣒ ᘿ̬˷֚ཀྵຟӐԋٓ॰‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦ԯ॰˸ॳ ᓧ˹ӡ؆઼Ժᘿԯផৄ̫ᇾၨ࢔‫˷̬۝‬ᆷ ᗳԂࣜ੽ᔢ༪ެབ֖֗‫ޱ‬Ӑ࢔Ꮛோ˷঵‫ת‬ Ⴠң˷‫ٻ‬ҝӏᓱ˹

‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦Թࣇ٘೵༪݅

ֹҶᆨߕ೵֯য‫ޓ‬ၱ˷࠰ӧԗԈґԕң Ӵ‫ނ‬᛽˷࠰֒٘‫؀‬࿦ၱ˹ၱӐఫҔ‫ؙ‬ϽҎ઄ ߕ೵ᇛᥒԹࣇ༪݅˷Ӣඒ‫ف‬ӄ࢔ߕ೵թ˷‫ݣ‬ ᚓٌҔӬ඗௻ᑘެ૩ᑎ˹ ჀӽՃ૥࢔‫ؙ‬ӽԯ೵˸౺ბ೵˸‫צ‬೵˸ ༎ӿ೵ެ٘೵༾Ͻ઄ߕ೵ᇛᥒ˷‫ݳ‬ዲՆҥၱ ӹ˷‫ؙ׈‬਍‫ذނ‬Җ˹‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦࢔ቀᚴԳۜ˸

ࣜԂ؆ᓥ઼٘Ժᘿ࢔ᑓ༶‫׿‬೫ϽӬᝩ ๧˷ఫҔ٘ᓥᑓ༶‫ࡧ׸‬૦࿕֥˷ؓ˸ഄᑓ˷ ᗌ‫߽٘˸ڧ‬թ˷ߛ‫ؙ‬ᓥාಔ૑ಔផቀᚴ˸ࡖ ා೵ᓥӺ‫װ‬࿫ᇛಫܾᎺ঵౒˹‫༼ހ‬ᘿެ૑࣒ ᘿ࢔ᑓ༶‫׿‬೫˷ְঅን಴‫ع‬ኜ໦˹ ‫ת‬ґԗәԕ࢔ཋᘿ‫ޅ‬᜹Ӑ˷‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦ ၅ᚷ‫ݣ‬ᛑᑑҸ૑ᗂଗ‫ݳ‬Ӑԋౙෙٓ಑˹ࡧ ૦የ˽̫ਐভཀྵຟӐԋ˷অᢩ࠰‫܅‬Ҏ઄Җ ࢔˹̬ 43

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

Ķຑ͕௡ᖐķຎච߿જ

െө࣒‫ط‬ȞճҢȟኹฎԔֈස ࣒Ȟճէȟዂᚒၱ๔ᆷᗳᄃӃ

ৄҔᣟᘋֹ̫Ҷᆨ၇ԋ඗ᝆ̬؆ॎ၄ བဈ໖঵౒˷քၱᙷျ‫ݦ‬Ӻ၄བ඗˸‫ޅ‬૩ ඗˸өᠥ඗༾ϽᒬْᄃӃ౽‫࠰˷ݦ‬ґԗҢ ԕҥӴ˷‫ֹق‬ҶᆨӐཱԑӲ࠽౐Ӑԋ˷ౙ ኹဟᅲၱӐୠ‫و‬Ҿ‫ס‬ᄃᑧ঵౒˹ ‫؞؟‬ᄃᑧၱ˷‫ޅ‬૩඗ลᖧҔᝩ๧࢔੪ ࢅ˷੃‫زࡽ˽ؙ‬஦˸ཎཿ෋ጭ˸௤ᄝ෋˸ ঁ‫ޗ‬༾˹‫߶׸‬؆Ҏ௖˷֒٘‫؀‬ንᐒՔҴ˸ዾ ࣋ᆰ‫࢔ן‬஫੪᛽ԋ˷ӏ‫ތ‬ӐӴ˷‫پ‬Ӆ౪ᚁ˹ െ୊ࡧ૦ެᕿෲࡧ૦˸ᢾྯࡧ૦˷ְ‫ތ‬ᅵၱ ๔˷ࣇ֥ᠥឹެᎆ౥ӓ၃˹၇ԋ঵౒ᡥဈ࢔ བ໖˷ಕᘈ‫ֹٺ‬ҶᆨలӾ྾ັҾᓥറ๦ᓥ֖ ࢔‫ׇ‬؆೵ᓥ֗ग˹

ĶགᄬҢጯ঱ķȈ‫׹‬ѐᔁरᓑᝌົ ፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱ̫ჸዢ٘ᓥ୧̬˷࠰ґԗ Ͻԕ˷఺ਐভཀྵຟӐԋᚓٌϽޯ؆ᚷ૦ᚇ ᤂၱ˷‫ؙ׈‬਍Ҏ‫ذ‬ҕϽْᓥબౙՆ˹ ჀӽӴᜂक़˷ᚷ૦ᚇᤂၱ࠰ҎଗҢϽ Ӭ˷ֈ؇࿕ߋ˹െ୊ࡧ૦੫‫ᦏ׆‬Ꮏ‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦ ோ֗ჸዢչࡧ˷ఈᡛหҸ˷‫ݣ‬஗ኀჸዢ٘ᓥ ୧ྮᖧྮ‫˷׶‬ோ࣒ҩ༪ԋ˹‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦࿕֥̫ ჸዢ٘ᓥ୧̬؎֨Ͻ؆˷অ‫ৄץ‬ᓥબҸ൵࢝ ॰Ҕ̫ҕԋҕҝ̬༪ԋԐ॰࢔ᐗॽ˹ҕԋঅ ‫ࡧ܆‬ԋ˸ཋᐗԋ˼ҕҝঅᇛཋҝ˸౵॰ҝ˹ 44

ჸዢ٘ᓥᚴ૩Ͻޯ؆ᚷ૦૒‫נ‬፼

ᚷ૦ᚇᤂၱ˷࠰ңӴәଗဠቋ˹

͌‫ܦ‬௡ࢠྼ౎ᐠົ ґԗϽґԕҥӴ˷քၱԂࣜ඗࠰ɉɫɝɗɨȖ ɂɗɤɚȖ ɃɛɣɥɨɟɗɢȖ ɆɗɨɡȖ ᚓٌ੖ᅲคᗖၱ˷‫׈‬ ‫ؙ‬਍ґϽәҖౙՆ˹ ‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦ᖆᚒ‫ތ‬ၱ˷ৄԂࣜ੽࿕֥˹‫ھ‬ ၃ࡧ૦ᆷᗳԂࣜ੽‫ת‬ԕಧ֖঵Ӑ˷ੁᓥඡ౾ ᒩಔ࡜ҝެଗଗࣨ॰ֈ߽˷֗ֈ࢘ֈ݃‫ݳ‬ॏ ֨‫ف‬ӄ࢔Җ֖֡ᎴެԔ‫˹מ‬ คᗖၱᆦลҔᝩ൳࢔̫࠙᝖̬Ҹᗖ˷ެ ‫ם‬؇᛽ԋ˸࿲ଔ˷‫װ‬࿫ᒬᕮჲ֡˷ৄԂࣜ੽ ನ‫ݳ‬Ҕ༇ਫ਼ᤂሦ˹Ԃࣜ඗੖ᅲคᗖ঵౒˷࠰ ңӴҢଗဠቋ˹

Ңି३ੰ઱ᙊኝ! ๪႕ඕຽ ፽‫٘؃‬೵ଟదҕȦҎȦ؆ືຽ୧ᑓ༶˷Ӆ ࠰ґԗԈҢԕဠቋཋၳ˹ӡ؆࢔ᚴផঅ̫ ౧᠀ᓥၺᑘ̬˷֚գ᥿ኀᡇ٘ᓥదద࣒െ Ⴆࡧ૦ࣾ‫ݳ‬೧ᑓ˹లൄᠧᅁ࢔̫౧᠀ᓥ̬ ‫ࡧת‬૦ൄҘരՃ࢔ᚴᅁ˷བղौᗫ࢔ᚓ‫ݲ‬ የ࠷Ӑ˷ᥦᓥબ੽ᤎఉᑓ‫ঁܐ׸˷ݳ‬੨˷ ᙊ୾ܿ‫˹װ‬ ‫؞؟‬ᑓ༶ԯੁӬৄӧ઄฀‫˽׀‬౧᠀ᓥ

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ᔘաӐ‫ތޜৄץ‬Օ‫ה‬ॎԑ࠷፼ᣟ࢔ؓຽԁต ԩ຾٘೵៯ා̓অ༇٘ᇀ࢔ଗຽ̔˸࿁‫ޜع‬ ‫៭ۉ‬ᗄဢ፼ᣟ࢔ྩ᛬ԩ຾࢔⠸ࣕ៨៯ා˷Գ Ӻक़ຽքҵӲ࢔℺‫װ‬ԩ຾࢔஛௧៨ኹฟคਵ ࢔٘೵៯ා˹ࡧ૦റၴ࢔‫ת‬ᇜᇀҥॳՃ‫܅‬઄ ଗຽ࢔᥅Ӳኹୠ‫˷و‬ನ‫݋੽۝‬Ҙ‫ה‬ॎ٘೵࢔ ៯ාաӐ˹

٘೵ଟద౧᠀ᑓ༶ဠቋཋၳ

ষ࢔࿽ࠐ˸ኂҺᑘ˸Ң‫ࠇف‬ज़၆˸ҙ᠀ෘ அᆫ˸Җᠭ࢔ን஖٥֗Ӻ౧᠀ᓥ࢔ઈٌ࿛ ْ˹ ൵֖‫ৄץ‬༇࠷˷༇ߋԳ‫࢔ݳ‬ආґ᠀ኹ ‫۝‬ៗ˸‫۝‬၇˸‫۝˸݃۝‬ሏէኂନքႣຍ৯ ᘋ˷অҨӾ֖‫࢔ؠ‬ନք˹ࡧ૦ୠ‫ٴ‬ಱᑖ˷ ઈٌ๬অ֖ఉབ߽˷ਬோ‫֗؟׸‬Շ˷‫੽۝‬ ࢔ԋӐҎߖঅӽӽ฾ૼ˷֖঵ӐҫҎߖԕ ԕঅ‫׶‬ԕ˹ ෰‫؞‬ଟద‫ؙ࣋‬էϽْᓥબҥᑓ˷ಸҙϽ Ңႆ࢔ࢅ൞ิҶᚷ೵೧‫ތ‬؆࿾Ңႆ࢔ෝӕ Ꮊ˹ӽஂ༇‫࢔ݘ‬ҾᎺᎺᅢུࢂࢂဳဳ˷Ͻ ౻ᑓಸօவ૥˹౥ᎺᎺ࢘ӏ࢘ᅳ‫ת‬ҥӜጹ ᑓ˾Է‫צ‬གྷ˽̫౧᠀̬˹౥Է౧᠀‫ת‬ᚴӜ ጹ˾‫ݤ‬ղ࢔ҾᎺᎺߝ༈གྷՃ˽̫ኂҺ̬˹ ᠧࠄ‫ת‬ཋၳ؇ҥ˷Էҫଁ‫ތ‬Ҏರ̫କᤎ࢔ ཋၳྖଟ̬˹

ᆵᓽ‫ڱ‬रҢጯᓾळჟ‫ܚ‬඗ࣖ ٘೵ၱ෻ᅻᎀⴞࡧ૦Ӣඒ˷ᛑᑑ‫ތ‬፫ᚳ ࡧ૦ዂᚒ֒٘‫˷؀‬Ӭ‫࠰ٴ‬ґԗҢϽҎԕңӴ ‫ނ‬᛽‫ق‬է᛽Ս˷ӺҙԗҎԕҥӴϽ᛽‫ق‬ңӴ է᛽˷ᚓᖧ‫ނ‬๔‫ٴ‬࿕֖੢࢔٘ᓥᚴ૩˹ ፫ᚳࡧ૦‫ת‬ґԗҢϽҎԕৄҸ൵ᚴᅁ̫ ‫ה‬ॎ٘೵៯ාա̬˷෻ᅻ‫ۮ‬፼ԥ࢔ᅚଔ˷ࡧ ૦ৄҸ૑Ӣඒ٘೵‫הת‬ॎ༪૙࢔ᔘա˷ԳӺ

ࡧ૦‫ת‬ҙԗҎԕ࢔ᚴផঅ̫ࡧཱჹ ᥅̬˷ࡧ૦‫ৄ׆‬Ҹ൵ᅁᢌ٘೵Ӑ࢔̫࿕ᤁ ᥌ᇷ̬˹ൄီ࢔ᄃ൞˷‫ࡧת‬૦៧ዜ࢔ᇜᅁ Ӑ˷റຳ࠷᏷‫ࣇש‬ᅵՃ‫˹ݳ‬೚ུࡧ૦ৄҸ૑ ़ᚴ̣ࡧཱჹ̤࢔ੁᄃ˷หक़‫ৄ׉‬Ҹ൵Ӣඒ ຬႪ֤ჯӦ˷ን࣐࢔̫ࡧཱჹ᥅̬࢔ᓞ༠˹ ࡧ૦བղ࢔ᚴჹየࡧ˷ᥦኹၱҸ൵ข᡽‫୾ޜ‬ ܿ‫˷װ‬઄઄ᤎಶࡧ฾Խቋ˹ᚴ૩‫ת‬ңӴէ᛽ ဠቋ˷֒٘‫؀‬ԔҤ‫ھ‬၃ࡧ૦˷หक़Թࣇ٘೵ ၱᛑᑑ፫ᚳࡧ૦࠷؆‫ݳ׉‬དྷҸ൵ᚴᑓ˹

፫ᚳࡧ૦ንᣛ֖౒࢔٘ᓥᚴ૩

ෲം˘‫ڱ‬रၷЇ჊‫̮ົޙ‬ᒪъҝ޺ ຸҎࡧ૦࠰ґԗҢϽԕ˷‫ف‬Ӑ౲࣊ਐස ൞‫࠰ݣ˷౐ݦ‬ҙԗҙԕңӴኹ֒٘‫؀‬ၱ൵૩ ᑎ˷የ࠷Է࢔࣋࡬˹ຸҎࡧ૦ᖨ૦өറ࣒࣠ ‫ط‬ᖭ݅˷֡ࣾӅ࣊‫צ‬ኀॏ৭Ի໡ᕟၱӤᙠ ‫˷؀‬ᓿੇఉٓ॰ԔҤᝐ෥˹

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

˘჌ᘽਨ˘࣎߇ְ

ϖ‫ښ‬η(Schisandra) ཟཟ ̣‫̣ྃ̄ק‬᝙ঈĂᅕᛦˢք҃ྃඪĂ ֙ࡴˢ͕҃ྃ۱Ăϟˢ̚झৈතࡤĄ !

‫ځ‬Ղॡࠡ ә‫ޝ‬Һ፝ಱٰৠҝܶ ඐ˸໪Ԃ୳ླྀ၅ঌ˸፝Ն ିା࢔‫܅ݯ˷ؒڑ‬઄ඕਠข ‫ؙ‬Խ‫࢔݌‬ோ࿉˹Ն෵୳क़๽ ઝ˷ॣ๽‫࣒ץ‬ଗ࿗ั඘‫ع‬ா ၡ࢔ንҝࠋ໪ዻ୵ั˷ோຟ లӃ٥଒ோ˹

ә‫ޝ‬ҺᢩԘᑩ៲ք໏ ࢅ˷ᄝ‫و‬ൄኛ˷᠓ᐗ‫ރ‬ᓄ˷ շᄝᄝொ‫ؙ‬Ԟ˷ጢଶҥཋ؎ ِਉ‫و‬Ꮉࡃ˹᝷ᓥዤৄȰጋҘ ܺ˷ਪҘԋ˷֕Ҙལ˷‫ݏ‬Ҙ ࢧ˷ᢜҘའ˷ә‫ޝ‬Һә‫ંޝ‬ ล˷ॽಶ‫˹ןބ‬

མ!ຎ!ச!ᛱ

థ܏໵ЕԸ ೻ౡ፮ ‫ۺ‬ଔ˽Ȗ ࡂՊԘ‫ػ‬ҎҾ ՈȞҎ൲ϽҾՈȟ˷ᚙәԥ

੼ҘԘ‫॔˷ػ‬Ԡ‫׉‬༉࿕

ӭლ˷ࢺཿȞَࢺ‫ނ‬Ԑࠋ

क़˷ಕԘ‫੼ػ‬Ճ˷‫ܔ‬ന

ӐࢺҎໆȟӭლ˹

Ԡ‫ق‬ന෻˷ᜣశ˹

ఞଔ˽Ȗ᝸࡫ҎҸౕ˷ ᒌ‫ނ‬Ҹౕ˷ᕚҎҸౕ˷஫ ᡺࡫ՍҸౕ˷ม࡫Ȟᗂ฾ȟ ٥ࡧ˽Ȗ ȧȤȖ Ԙ‫ࡳػ‬നԠ˷਍ ӧҾଗ˷‫ނ܅‬Ҿଗ‫ܔ‬঴Ҏ‫˷؞‬ආҢ‫؞‬ሗ ఫ༲ެ෯࢔ᗓ˷െశԠ˹ 46

ȨȤȖ༉ҎҾᛜԠᔫ࿕˷

ȩȤȖಕఞଔӺᚙ˸َࢺ ഺ‫נ‬ᑖӯ˷੼ҘԘ‫ࠒػ‬ӯ ‫پ‬Ք੪֗˹ ȪȤȖ ฾၇੬ཿࢦ˷ՔՆ੬ཿ˹

玉佛寺 2010 年 9 月、10 月法會活動

日期 9月4日(週六)

時間 9:30a –12:00p

9/4～9/6 9月5日(週日) 9月12日(週日) 9月19日(週日) 9月25日(週六) 9月26日(週日) 10月2日(週六) 10月3日(週日) 10月10日(週日) 10月17日(週日) 10月24日(週日) 10月30日(週六) 10月31日(週日)

定期活動日期每週日每週二每月第二週六每月第三週六

10:00a 11:00a 1:30p 10:00a 11:00a 1:30p 10:00a 11:00a 1:30p 9:00a

10:45a 12:00p 3:00p 10:45a 12:00p 3:00p 10:45a 12:00p 3:00p

–12:00p

主持人、講題

內容禮拜《大悲懺》

融通法師

菩提中心三日齋戒靜修會

宏意法師

第一節:生日法會、佛法開示第二節:佛法開示晚課共修第一節:念誦、佛法開示第二節:佛法開示晚課共修第一節:念誦、佛法開示第二節:佛法開示、問答晚課共修

淨海法師續超法師：淨海法師續超法師：融通法師：分別與無分別融通法師融通法師：簡介「十法界」宏意法師：心的軟化劑續超法師

念佛會

融通法師

10:00a - 10:45a 第一節:念誦、佛法開示 11:00a - 12:00p 第二節:佛法開示、問答 1:30p - 3:00p 晚課共修 9:30a 10:00a 11:00a 1:30p 10:00a 11:00a 1:30p 10:00a 11:00a 1:30p 10:00a 11:00a 1:30p 9:00a

佛弟子對真理的禮讚佛弟子對真理的禮讚

續超法師：融通法師

宏意法師轉心與轉境

– 12:00p

禮拜《大悲懺》

融通法師

第一節:生日法會/佛法開示第二節:佛法開示、問答晚課共修第一節:念誦、佛法開示第二節:佛法開示、問答晚課共修第一節:念誦、佛法開示第二節:佛法開示、問答晚課共修第一節:念誦、佛法開示第二節:佛法開示、問答晚課共修

淨海法師：絲綢之路佛跡簡報宏意法師：如何止息煩惱淨海法師淨海法師：《心經智慧的解析》修慧法師融通法師淨海法師：《心經智慧的解析》宏意法師：心的清潔劑續超法師淨海法師：《心經智慧的解析》繼如法師：如何修學佛法修慧法師

念佛會

融通法師

10:45a 12:00p 3:00p 10:45a 12:00p 3:00p 10:45a 12:00p 3:00p 10:45a 12:00p 3:00p

– 12:00p

10:00a - 10:45a 第一節:念誦、佛法開示 11:00a - 12:00p 第二節:佛法開示、問答 1:30p - 3:00p 晚課共修

時間

活動內容

9:00a - 11:30a 靜坐/英語佛法 12:30p - 3:00p 菩提合唱團練唱 1:30p 3:00p 經論研討班

–

融通法師：隨願隨緣繼如法師：如何修學佛法融通法師

主持人/ 主持人 / 地點

宏意法師、弘法處 (觀音殿) 菩提合唱團(大雄寶殿) 鮑克南居士

9:30a - 12:00a 佛學研討班及靜坐

修慧法師

2:00p - 4:00p 粵語佛學班

宏意法師

10:30a - 2:00p 放生、郊遊、素食野餐

融通法師

[註：如有更改，將另行公布或通知。] 註：如有更改，將另行公布或通知。] 47

.١‫ࡰ׌‬ਾ̄ඏ284ໆ.

ů! ˭! ഇ! ૞! ᗟ! ů

օতҿࢃざご ჹӖ˽̫でづӓ‫˷ޝ‬ ‫˸ݥ‬ᆃ˸࿈Ӑ၁‫ڱ‬ආҎ˷ ோఫᑒ୳˷Ժᑒ‫ؙ‬ೆ‫ݍ‬ԋ ‫׿‬Ꮊ˹̬ ‫ת‬ԕಧ֖঵Ӑ˷‫੽۝‬ ჹಧᒄᅹ‫ތ‬ҙ੨ϊኃ˸ ᠄˸ႇ˸ᣌ˸‫˸௳˸ٶ‬ਪ˸Ꮊ࢔‫ڏ‬ᤐ˹ ෰ҙኂ࿬ఐթᇟ࢔ഀ੨˷‫ڏ‬ಶ‫੽۝‬Ҏᑻ Һৄկᇛᇛᝲ˷֌༇ᇴԕ˿‫׸‬ٙோ౿ఽ ‫̫ތ‬ҙ੨‫ڏ‬ӏ౒˷ኇ‫ڧ‬ཎ࣑ᐭ̬ޮ˾ು

Ң३ӄОΑᇇᐂ ȦȬȥȧȨȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ ȦȬȥȧȮȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ Ȗ Ȗ Ȗ Ȗ ȦȭȥȦȨȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ Ȗ Ȗ Ȗ ȦȭȥȦȮȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ Ȗ ȦȭȥȧȬȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ Ȗ ȦȭȥȨȨȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ

‫ົמצ‬࿁୾Ȗ ௵႐ᔸȖ ٙ‫׿ڌ‬Ȗ ٙᕦ࠷Ȗ ٙ‫ݮ‬⡆Ȗ ٙᇒ૴Ȗ ࡈܳഛȖ ‫܊מצ‬ᖻᗭȖ ۸೸ҺȖ ԩႫ༜Ȗ ‫מצ‬૭ᐳܳৗȖ ȷɣɗɤɗȖ ȜȖ ɈɥɝɛɨȖ ɂɟɤȖ ‫ົמצ‬࿁୾Ȗ ۸ज़ᇴȖ ‫מצ‬ฎߖংȖ ‫מצ‬ᢓႺ࠴Ȗ ‫إמצ‬፹୊Ȗ กᔃᆐȖ ‫܊מצ‬ᖻᗭȖ ࡈӛฦȖ ‫ډ‬୩ⴝȖ ‫מצ‬ၻ࿶࢝֒Ȗ

‫׸‬዁ᑨᏽ˷‫׺‬Ꭺ˽ ‫ނ‬Ҳ‫ق‬ҢҲ‫˷׺‬ሕᏽԕຽ˽ғԗԈӧ ԕ˹ᏽּᑑಏ˽፽‫٘؃‬೵ၱ٘‫ࡧ׃‬ਵᐖ ᖣ඗ࠋᆠ࿄ఏ‫˽ق‬ ɚɞɗɨɣɗɝɗɨɚɛɤȤɪɘɗȶɝɣɗɟɢȤəɥɣ

ҢЍ‫ࡿڱ‬ӄО‫۾‬Щ ȚȬȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȪȦȤȦȦ ȚȪȦȤȦȦ ȚȪȦȤȦȦ ȚȪȦȤȦȦ ȚȪȦȤȦȦ ȚȫȦȤȦȦ ȚȨȫȦȤȦȦ ȚȫȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȨȫȤȦȦ ȚȬȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȫȤȦȦ ȚȧȢȦȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȫȦȤȦȦ ȚȨȫȤȦȦ ȚȨȫȤȦȦ

.........................................................................

Ъࢍ!

অ‫ؙڄ‬ҥ‫࢔׶‬でづՔԳӬ‫ݩ‬ Ҹ൵˷ᥦҖҖขோ೚‫̫ޜ‬ でづᢵบ̬˷ᓴ‫ؙؙ‬฾ ૼ‫֖࢔תف‬঵˾ኆᅋᤂ ࣉು࢔ᑨᏽ˹

%3-421/11

ȦȬȥȧȨȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ Ȗ Ȗ Ȗ ȦȬȥȧȮȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ Ȗ ȦȬȥȨȫȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ ȦȭȥȦȨȥȨȦȧȦȖ ȦȭȥȦȮȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ ȦȭȥȧȬȥȨȦȧȦȖ Ȗ Ȗ

ರ‫ݳ‬୪Ȗ ༇‫ן‬ԟȖ ‫מצ‬஗ܳጸȖ ፈӽࢴȖ ௵႐‫ݐ‬Ȗ ᒇᡀ੬Ȗ ԩവૃȖ ರֻߥȖ ‫ܳډ‬৖Ȗ ‫ࡈמצ‬ಳȖ ஞ᛹࿎Ȗ ธርಳȖ ‫מצ‬ರፈংၫȖ ༇‫ן‬ԟȖ ɀɥɞɤɩɥɤȖ ɍɫȖ ɀɗɩɥɤȖ ɍɫȖ Ԕ౾ിȖ

ȚȨȫȤȦȦ ȚȬȦȤȦȦ ȚȫȦȤȦȦ ȚȫȦȤȦȦ ȚȫȦȤȦȦ ȚȨȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȫȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȢȦȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȨȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȬȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȧȦȦȤȦȦ ȚȨȦȤȦȦ

.....................................................................

Ъࢍ!

%3-376/11

֪! ᗁ!

ඏ

ໆ

؏ Ԡ

編者的話 ........................................................................................................................

ࡰᄌೢఄ

中國雲南上座部佛教史(三) ................................................................................ 中國佛教史話(二) .....................................................................................................

2 淨海法師 6 慧璉法師

ಝឞͭ ̴ҟ֟࢝‫ᙺؗ‬ ๎」

得無所得 ........................................................................................................................ 人生的成績單.............................................................................................................. 一百分的人生.............................................................................................................. 老人補習班 ................................................................................................................... 生命的考核─離苦的成績 ....................................................................................

12 16 18 20 23

宏意法師葉宏志黃琡淨楊祖愛衍頤

‫݌‬኶ᢆࢡ

結緣如投資 ................................................................................................................... 10 宏意法師

ࡰਾԚᖬ

旅美夢痕 ........................................................................................................................ 濃濃的道情─感恩之旅(下) ................................................................................ 「悠然」於我.............................................................................................................. 內觀智慧禪 (下) ....................................................................................................... 錫蘭佛教習俗見聞錄 ..............................................................................................

਺Ԛᖳᖬ

Dhammapada Sutta ............................................................................................... 40 Ven. Narada

֟াဨ‫ײ‬

一種藥草一個故事─五味子(Schisandra) .................................................. 46 菁菁菩提素齋─涼拌黑木耳 ......................................................................................... 46 梁國慶

ၱ኶ᠶ

活動預告 ........................................................................................................................ 活動翦影 ........................................................................................................................ 九、十月份法會活動 .............................................................................................. 專題預告、助印功德錄 .........................................................................................

25 30 33 35 38

繼如法師慈弘李瑋張貴人宗輝

42 43 47 48

《惠賜稿件，請自行存底，本刊保留刪改權。若未如期刊登，或未採用，恕不退稿，請見諒。》

發行人：

淨海法師、宏意法師

Publisher:

Ven. Jan Hai and Ven. Hung I

編輯者：

佛光法苑編委會

Editor:

Dharma Garden Editing Committee

出版者：

德州佛教會

封面、封底攝影：梁文魁承印者：Long Plan Printing

Dharma Garden (USPS 019-577) is published bi-monthly by Texas Buddhist Association, Inc., 6969 Westbranch Drive, Houston, Texas 77072, Tel:(281) 498-1616, Fax:(281) 498-8133. Issue 173, September 2010. This is a non-profit venture solely supported by contributions from members of the Texas Buddhist Association and the readership. Postmaster: send address changes to the above address. Website:www.jadebuddha.org Email: dharmagarden.tba@gmail.com

ґ Ȣ Ҋ ȢȒ ‫؂‬ ࣘ Ӿ ‫؂‬ ຳ ູ ٔ ᓡ સ Զ ᘻ

፬‫هײ‬೤ၠ Texas Buddhist Association, Inc. 6969 Westbranch Drive Houston, TX 77072 TEL: (281) 498-1616 URL: www.jadebuddha.org

Periodicals Postage paid at Houston, Texas

ӈ᡹કࠡ๧ී඿ȒȒҝಲ଀ழ‫࢛ך‬੥