Shavings Volume 3 Number 1 (January-February 1981)

Page 1

SHAVINGS

Volume

3,

Number

1

January

$0.25

CWB

MEETS

THE

-

February,

SEATTLE

BOAT

1981

SHOW

The C e n t e r f o r Wooden B o a t s had a much larger part in this year's Seattle B o a t Show t h a n e v e r b e f o r e . One e x h i b i t o r c a n c e l l e d a t the l a s t m i n u t e , and CWB's a v a i l a b l e space doubled i n consequence. In a d d i t i o n , CWB s p o n s o r e d s p e a k e r s and d e m o n s t r a t i o n s once each weekday and t w i c e on weekends. S p e a k e r s i n c l u d e d many o f t h e f o l k s p o p u l a r at o u r Summer show: Bob P i c k e t t o n wood, P a u l S c h w e i s s o n V i k i n g b o a t s , Marty Langland on f a s t e n e r s , B r i o n Toss o n r i g g i n g , and M a l c o l m Whencke on s a i l m a k i n g . Modelmakers c o u l d choose between two e x p e r t s , Dave L e f e b v r e o n h a l f models and A l a n DelRey on p l a n k - o n - f r a m e construction. G i n g e r Cox t a l k e d o n her row from S e a t t l e to Skagway, and K i n g of the Crawdads, Dan D y g e r t , o n h i s e x p e r i e n c e s f i s h i n g under s a i l i n A l a s k a ' s B r i s t o l Bay. P e t e r L e n t i n i and John H e n z i e , who b u i l t the r a f f l e b o a t f o r t h e C o l i s e u m B o a t Show, b u i l t a l o v e l y d o u b l e - e n d e d canoe f o r the o c c a s i o n . A s u r p r i s i n g number o f v i s i t o r s asked i f i t was a P e t e C u l l e r d e s i g n , i n d i c a t i n g t h a t more and more p e o p l e , even those p r i m a r i l y fiberglass o r i e n t e d , are beginning to recognize t r a d i t i o n a l b u i l d e r s ' work. No, f o l k s , t h a t canoe was a L e n t i n i design, keel to sheer. T r u s t e e s C o l l e e n Wagner & C h a s . Dowd t a k e a t u r n in t h e CWB b o o t h d u r i n g t h e S e a t t l e B o a t Show. T h a t ' s the bow o f P e t e r & J o h n ' s r a f f l e canoe i n the b a c k g r o u n d .

I n a d d i t i o n t o our much t r a v e l l e d and f a m i l i a r b o o t h , our d i s p l a y i n c l u d e d Dick Wagner's W i l l e t s canoe, f u l l y r i g g e d , and M a r t y L o k e n ' s P o u l s b o b o a t . ( c o n t ' d on p g .

A PUBLICATION OF THE CENTER FOR WOODEN BOATS 2770 W e s t l a k e A v e . N. S e a t t l e WA 98109

2

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(cont'd

from

pg.

1

)

It was a c o n s t a n t s o u r c e of e n t e r t a i n ment to w a i t u n t i l someone began s t r o k i n g the P o u l s b o ' s s h e e r and got a faraway l o o k i n h i s e y e . A simple remark l i k e , " s h e ' d b e g r e a t t o t a k e o u t salmon t r o l l i n g , w o u l d n ' t s h e , " often unlocked floodgates of r e m i n i s c e n c e and s t o r i e s o f the b i g f i s h , the sudden s t o r m , of the Sunday o u t i n g s "when t h e r e weren't any houses N o r t h o f Meadow P o i n t " would pour o u t . L o o k i n g a t the p l a s t i c and g l a s s b o a t s t h a t made up the r e s t of the show, you have to wonder whether t h e y ' l l be a b l e to found such warm memories. N A T I O N A L WOODEN BOAT SHOW: NO SNOW AND TOO L I T T L E WOOD F o r the second y e a r , S e a t t l e p l a y e d h o s t to two b o a t shows d u r i n g January. This report concentrates on the newcomer, the S e a t t l e C e n t e r Boat Show, d i s p l a y e d t h i s y e a r i n the Coliseum C o n t r a c t e d c o n s i d e r a b l y from the space o c c u p i e d l a s t y e a r , the C e n t e r Show s u f f e r e d a p p a r e n t l y from a l a c k of p u b l i c i t y . A t t e n d a n c e appeared t o b e n o b e t t e r t h a n l a s t y e a r , when the show c o i n c i d e d w i t h some of S e a t t l e ' s s n o w i e s t weather i n some years. The " N a t i o n a l Wooden B o a t Show" component of the show was r e l e g a t e d to the upper c o n c o u r s e o f the C o l i s e u m , and t h a t was o n l y h a l f f u l l . However, the q u a l i t y o f the e x h i b i t s was h i g h and the e n t h u s i a s m o f e x h i b i t o r s appeared undimmed. It a p p e a r e d to me t h a t t h o s e p e o p l e who d i d wander up t h e ramp to see what the wooden b o a t t y p e s were up to were more k n o w l e d g e a b l e about t h i s p a r t o f b o a t i n g ; t h o s e who s t o p p e d a t the CWB b o o t h w h i l e I was in a t t e n d ance were t h e u s u a l j o y t o t a l k t o .

2

Members who h a v e n ' t t r i e d b o o t h - m i n d i n g d u t y may be m i s s i n g an e x p e r i e n c e t h e y would f i n d most p l e a s a n t . The C e n t e r was b l e s s e d w i t h a l o v e l y boat f o r i t s r a f f l e . D e s i g n e d b y the i n i m i t a b l e P e t e r L e n t i n i and b u i l t b y the d e s i g n e r and John H e n z i e , the c r a f t i s a 14' rowing s k i f f o f d i s t i n c t i v e appearance. Its graceful l i n e s and e x c e l l e n t workmanship were even more r e m a r k a b l e , c o n s i d e r i n g the extreme time p r e s s u r e the b u i l d e r s had t o c o n t e n d w i t h d u r i n g the c o n struction. The C o l i s e u m show may be t h e " N a t i o n a l Wooden Boat Show," and the Kingdome show may be the " b i g " S e a t t l e B o a t Show, b u t f o r my money the C e n t e r ' s S e a t t l e Wooden Boat Show, each J u l y , i s the " r e a l " b o a t show. See you there! Dave Cox JULY AWAY

FOURTH

ISN'T

THAT

FAR

The most e s s e n t i a l t h i n g we need f o r o u r J u l y B o a t Show i s a n u n l i m i t e d supply of volunteer l a b o r . The second most e s s e n t i a l t h i n g i s a good selection of attractive, well-maint a i n e d wooden b o a t s . L a s t y e a r , moori n g a b o a t at the show p r o v i d e d a f r o n t row s e a t f o r I v a r ' s f i r e w o r k s d i s p l a y and a " f r o n t p l a t e " chance a t one o f the C e n t e r ' s l e g e n d a r y p o t l u c k s . We d o n ' t know what o t h e r p e o p l e would l i k e t o see t h e r e , b u t SHAVINGS would l i k e a B r i s t o l Bay g i l l n e t t e r , a P o u l s b o b o a t , and a " L a k e U n i o n Dreamboat." And d o n ' t f o r g e t s m a l l boats: Whitehalls, Rangelys, wherries, c a t b o a t s , p u n t s , s k i f f s , and d o r i e s . We a l s o need any p h o t o s , maps, or i n f o r m a t i o n on Puget Sound b o a t liveries. I f you have a n y , o r know someone who d o e s , p l e a s e l e t us know.


DIRECTORS'CORNER: T H R E E Y E A R S AND S T I L L

NO

SITE--

John Gardner i s t h e s p a r k p l u g o f the t r a d i t i o n a l b o a t r e v i v a l - - n o doubt about i t . H i s work t h r o u g h M y s t i c S e a p o r t , NATIONAL FISHERMAN, and h i s w o n d e r f u l books has k e p t u s a l l a w a r e , and many of us e x c i t e d a b o u t the importance o f p r e s e r v a t i o n . That i s what CWB i s a l l a b o u t , and t h a t i s why John Gardner was o u r f i r s t Honorary Member. We l i s t e n to G a r d n e r . I m e n t i o n t h i s because i t was almost t h r e e y e a r s ago t h a t G a r d n e r e x h o r t e d us to go ahead and form a museum of small c r a f t . He emphasized t h a t we s h o u l d not d e l a y i n o b t a i n i n g a s i t e where the p u b l i c c o u l d come to see and use the s o r t o f b o a t s t h e i r grandp a r e n t s might have b u i l t and h a n d l e d . "Take any s i t e , " G a r d n e r s a i d , "and p u t t h i s l i v i n g museum i n t o a c t i o n . " Here w e a r e , s t i l l c o n d u c t i n g o u r a c t i v i t i e s l i k e a p e r i p a t e t i c snake o i l s a l e s m a n , r o l l i n g our a c t from s i t e to s i t e . Boat shows, s e m i n a r s , r e g a t t a s , s o c i a l and b u s i n e s s m e e t i n g s , and s t o r a g e a r e wherever we can f i n d a f r e e or cheap s p a c e . P e r h a p s i t was p r o p h e t i c t h a t G a r d n e r ' s pep t a l k was d e l i v e r e d o n the h i s t o r i c steam e x c u r s i o n v e s s e l , " V i r g i n i a V , " w h i c h t h e n and now s t i l l d o e s n ' t have a permanent moorage. At l e a s t w e ' r e not the o n l y gypsy museum in town. Why we d o n ' t have a s i t e has been mentioned here r e g u l a r l y . We a r e now t a c k i n g around t h e l a s t r e e f t o W a t e r way 4. The p r o b l e m was some s t a t u t e s o n waterways t h a t o n l y Solomon c o u l d understand. They were i n t e r p r e t e d by the Department o f N a t u r a l R e s o u r c e s , our f u t u r e l a n d l o r d , a s b e i n g submerged l o a d i n g d o c k s , and t h e r e f o r e not a v a i l a b l e f o r l o n g term moorage. Never m i n d ,

b e ensconced i n Waterway 4 , and o u r w a n d e r i n g s w i l l become m e m o r i e s . The q u e s t i o n i s , why d i d we have s u c h a problem f i n d i n g a w a t e r f r o n t s i t e f o r our o p e r a t i o n ? Every, c i t y o n a major body o f w a t e r (and S e a t t l e i s s u r r o u n d e d by them) has a major m a r i time h e r i t a g e . Why, t h e n , i s n ' t some p r o v i s i o n made to s e t a s i d e a w a t e r front area for maritime h i s t o r y ? I f n o t h i n g e l s e , a w o r k i n g museum where owners o f c l a s s i c c r a f t can f i n d a moorage would p r e s e r v e the l o c a l heritage. I e n v i s i o n one s p o t where t h e p u b l i c can come to see good wooden t u g s , f i s h i n g v e s s e l s , e x c u r s i o n b o a t s , s k i f f s , and y a c h t s t h a t a r e s t i l l a f l o a t and b e i n g u s e d . Even b e t t e r , a p o r t i o n o f t h i s m a r i n a c o u l d house a s k i l l s shop and i n t e r p r e t i v e d i s p l a y s , a l a u n c h i n g ramp, and f l o a t s f o r s m a l l b o a t s . A waterf r o n t c i t y needs o n l y s o many submerged l o a d i n g d o c k s .

--BUT

IN

SIGHT!

R e p r e s e n t a t i v e s o f the C i t y o f S e a t t l e and the S t a t e Department o f N a t u r a l R e s o u r c e s met r e c e n t l y , under the a u s p i c e s o f the T r a d i t i o n a l Boat L o b b y , and r e a c h e d a n agreement i n p r i n c i p l e designed t o r e s u l t i n the i s s u a n c e of a p e r m i t to CWB f o r use of Waterway 4. Now we a w a i t p a s s a g e o f the u s u a l v a g a r i e s o f b u r e a u c r a c i e s i n e x e c u t i n g t h e i r own d e c i s i o n s .

soon the nomadic CWB w i l l

3


SUGGESTIONS

FROM

THE

NORTH

I t ' s always a d e l i g h t to get a l e t t e r from M a r t y L a n g l a n d . The one he wrote i n response t o our e d i t o r i a l o n s e a going l i n g o is vintage Langland: a s o l i d s u g g e s t i o n , couched i n p h r a s e s t h a t would not b e out o f p l a c e i n Gibbon o r S i r Thomas Browne. In s h o r t , our Recondite R i v e t e r s u g g e s t s t h a t , f a r from c u t t i n g down on n a u t i c a l j a r g o n , we should p u b l i s h some - - w i t h definitions. " J a r g o n may i n d e e d keep the s a l t s s e p a r a t e from the l u b b e r s , " h e s a y s , " p r o v i d e d i t i s k e p t a r c a n e (or d a r k , as the fo'c's'le hands have i t } . P u b l i c a t i o n with t r a n s l a t i o n destroys the m y s t e r y , as the Mother Church found t o her c o s t . " M a r t y d i r e c t s o u r a t t e n t i o n t o the many e x c e l l e n t books a v a i l a b l e , and a d v o c a t e s a box i n " t h e r a g " w h e r e i n a term i s d e f i n e d . He a l s o p o i n t s out t h a t w o r d s , t r i c k y t h i n g s , keep c h a n g i n g t h e i r t h e i r m e a n i n g s , and that we should l i s t a l l p o s s i b l e v a r i a t i o n s , t o preserve the " v i b r a n c y of our l a n g u a g e . " M a r t y s u g g e s t s t h a t members send i n t h e i r f a v o r i t e words. In time, we would end up w i t h t h e CENTER FOR WOODEN BOATS EXHAUSTIVE FLASH PACKET GUIDE TO SALTY TALK. W e l l , w e have a s t a r t e r - - not a q u e s t i o n of meaning, but of p r o n u n c i a t i o n . W h a t ' s the p r o p e r p r o n u n c i a t i o n o f the verb ' t o c a u l k ' ? Our E a s t C o a s t f o l k s rhyme i t w i t h ' t a l k , ' b u t t h e man who t a u g h t us how to "pound c o t t o n " made i t rhyme w i t h ' f o r k . ' He'd "corked" e v e r y t h i n g from 1 1 ' prams t o the f l i g h t deck o f the "Wasp" i n h i s 2 5 y e a r c a r e e r , and we t h o u g h t t h a t gave him a say i n t h e m a t t e r . Howard C h a p e l l e c o n f u s e s

4

the i s s u e b y

s p e l l i n g the word randomly i n h i s c l a s s i c BOATBUILDING, u s i n g " c a u l k " and " c a l k " i n t e r c h a n g e a b l y . If there is a member out t h e r e who can shed l i g h t on t h i s strange word, l e t us know. Send i n your o t h e r w o r d s , t o o , and w e ' l l s t a r t o u r d i c t i o n a r y . We c a n ' t o v e r l o o k s u g g e s t i o n s from someone who knows how many a p o s t r o p h e s

Member E a r l L a g e r g r e n , o f P o r t O r c h a r d , w r o t e to ask us f o r a monograph, and mentioned t h a t he " p u r c h a s e d the lumber (VG c e d a r , I 1 / 4 t h i c k ) l e f t o v e r a f t e r b u i l d i n g o f the P o u l s b o b o a t was d i s c o n t i n u e d . " He " l e t " Henry L o n g , of O l y m p i a , have some 600 b o a r d feet for his Whitehall-type p u l l i n g boats. E a r l i s u s i n g the r e s t a s t h e t o p s i d e s i n h i s 4 4 ' power c r u i s e r . *

*

*

From San D i e g o , member Al H i s l o p s e n t us a h i l a r i o u s a c c o u n t of a r a c e between " D i n g u s " and " F r e e d o m , " one a 1 2 - f o o t e r , the o t h e r a 1 2 - m e t e r . As we rounded the mark and popped the c h u t e , we c o u l d see t h a t the l a r g e r b o a t s d i d have a c l e a r advantage i n s p e e d . . . . We d e c i d e d t o use a t a c t i c w h i c h has worked w e l l i n the p a s t - - " I f you a r e l e a d i n g the r a c e , s t a y between your opponent and the f i n i s h l i n e ; you a r e bound t o f i n i s h f i r s t . " " F r e e d o m , " the c l o s e s t o f the l a r g e r 12s was u s i n g a d i f f e r e n t t a c t i c on u s - - " C o v e r your o p p o n e n t ; s t e a l h i s ( c o n t ' d on p g .

5

)


(cont'd

from p g . 4

)

wind." As t h e y came up f a s t b e h i n d u s i t appeared t h a t t h e y would b e successful. Then, a s t h e i r g i a n t s p i n n a k e r went o v e r o u r m a s t . . . a n amazing t h i n g happened. The r u s h o f a i r e s c a p i n g under t h e l a r g e s p i n n a k e r caught " D i n g u s ' " s a i l s and shoved the l i t t l e b o a t ahead o f the b i g one. Each time the b i g boat approached, "Dingus" leaped ahead. The d e v i l i s h s m i l e s o n the f a c e s o f the crew o f the b i g 1 2 turned to l o o k s of c h a g r i n as they r e a l i z e d t h a t " D i n g u s " was g o i n g t o win. I t i s a w e l l known f a c t t h a t w i n d v e l o c i t y i n c r e a s e s n e a r the edges o f a b l o c k i n g s a i l , b u t t h i s i s the f i r s t documented c a s e i n w h i c h t h i s e f f e c t was used t o win a race.

P a c i f i c Northwest. A l l o f the boats a r e i r r e p l a c e a b l e and h a v e , f o r y e a r s , p r o v i d e d g r e a t p l e a s u r e and i n s t r u c t i o n to many p e o p l e who have l e a r n e d the b e n e f i t s o f s a i l i n g and r o w i n g p r o p e r l y d e s i g n e d wooden small c r a f t . When the C e n t e r f i n a l l y has a permanent home to s e t up in at Waterway F o u r , the p u b l i c w i l l have the o p p o r t u n i t y t o see and l e a r n t h r o u g h s e m i n a r s and c l a s s e s , p l u s o b s e r v a t i o n o f work i n p r o g r e s s : boatb u i l d i n g , m a i n t e n a n c e and r e p a i r , the a r t s o f r i g g i n g , s p a r and b l o c k m a k i n g , s a i l m a k i n g , and a l l o f the other s k i l l s o f maritime h e r i t a g e . This i n a d d i t i o n t o the a c t u a l s a i l i n g and h a n d l i n g o f v i n t a g e b o a t s .

I t has been c l a i m e d t h a t o u r win was a " o n e - i n ' a ' m i l l i o n c h a n c e , " b u t we have been o f f e r e d a c o n s i d e r a b l e sum of money to keep " D i n g u s " away from the E a s t C o a s t t h i s Summer. I f A l h a d n ' t i n c l u d e d a p h o t o showing " D i n g u s " ahead of " f r e e d o m , " some of us m i g h t have s u s p e c t e d him of smoking his halyard instead of cleating i t .

H e r e ' s member S t e v e O s b o r n , C a p t a i n o f the S a u s a l i t o (CA) F i r e D e p a r t m e n t , w r i t i n g t o the Department o f N a t u r a l Resources: I was r a i s e d in S e a t t l e and grew up imbued w i t h i t s sense o f m a r i t i m e history. In the Summer of 1979, I r e t u r n e d to S e a t t l e on my v a c a t i o n . I was amazed and overwhelmed by t h e work t h a t had gone i n t o the c o n c e p t o f t h e C e n t e r f o r Wooden B o a t s . . . .Many of (CWB's) b o a t s a r e of s i g n i f i c a n t h i s t o r i c a l v a l u e t o the

D u r i n g the y e a r and more t h a t t h e C e n t e r has been w a i t i n g f o r a p p r o v a l t o s e t u p a t the Waterway, t h e o l d temporary s i t e has been l o s t and the b o a t s d i s p e r s e d t o w h e r e v e r room c o u l d b e found f o r them, and t h e r e t h e y s i t ; some h a u l e d o u t t o d r y and s p l i t p l a n k s , o t h e r t i e d u p i n s l o u g h s and c r e e k s a l l o v e r Lake U n i o n , Lake W a s h i n g t o n , and Puget S o u n d , exposed t o r a i n , w e a t h e r , and abuse., The C e n t e r f o r Wooden B o a t s is a " l i v i n g museum" c o n c e p t s i m i l a r t o M y s t i c S e a p o r t o n the E a s t C o a s t . Must t h i s d e l a y o f a p p r o v a l c o n t i n u e u n t i l t h e C e n t e r becomes b u t a (cont'd

on

pg. 6

)

5


(cont'd

from p g . 5

mausoleum o f v a n i s h e d

) s k i l l s and

dead b o a t s ? C o u l d n ' t have s a i d Captain Osborn!

it

better

ourselves,

And A. C. "Deb" H a r r i n g t o n to the same p e o p l e on the same s u b j e c t : As one of hundreds of members of the C e n t e r f o r Wooden B o a t s , a n o n - p r o f i t f o u n d a t i o n , I want t o c a l l t o y o u r a t t e n t i o n o u r need f o r the s t r e e t end at the South end of Lake U n i o n in Seattle. D i s t i n c t l y water o r i e n t e d , t h i s use o f the s i t e would s e r v e more and more p e o p l e i n a u n i q u e way, not a v a i l a b l e e l s e where i n t h e l o c a l a r e a . Our 20,000 v i s i t o r s e n j o y e d thems e l v e s a t our a n n u a l , f r e e Wooden Boat Show l a s t J u l y . We need a home f o r o u r c o l l e c t i o n o f v e r y w o r t h w h i l e l i n k s t o a bygone e r a : b o a t s , t o o l s , and even more i m p o r t a n t , a p l a c e of l e a r n i n g so the s k i l l s o f the few r e m a i n i n g o l d t i m e r s can be shown and p a s s e d on to the p r e s e n t g e n e r a t i o n b e f o r e i t i s t o o l a t e and w e a r e a l l gone. MARCH

MEETING

Two s p e a k e r s a r e booked f o r F r i d a y i n M a r c h , March 2 0 :

the

third

Doc D o o l i t t l e , r e c e n t l y r e t u r n e d from a t o u r o f d u t y a s C a p t a i n o f the 4 6 ' m i s s i o n a r y k e t c h , " S t a r o f the S e a , " o f Truk, C a r o l i n e I s l a n d s , w i l l t a l k and show s l i d e s o f h i s v o y a g e s . Arne Denny, o f the U . S . C o a s t G u a r d , w i l l p r e s e n t a d i s c u s s i o n and s l i d e show on " S a f e t y S t a n d a r d s f o r the B o a t B u i l d e r , " o n the l e v e l f l o t a t i o n r e q u i r e m e n t and o t h e r s a f e t y r e g u l a tions .

OWNER'S NOTEBOOK: THE C O N C O R D I A S L O O P

BOAT

The l a t e P e t e C u l l e r , o f H y a n n i s , MA, was a connoisseur of o u r s m a l l b o a t heritage. Out o f h i s v a s t knowledge of the good t y p e s , he d e s i g n e d and b u i l t a series of beautiful c r a f t . C u l l e r ' s d e s i g n s , p o s s i b l y the s t a t e o f the a r t o f the t y p e , i n c l u d e d c a n o e s , b a t e a u x , g i g s , s k i f f s , and coasting schooners. The C u l l e r h e r i tage ranged from the Good L i t t l e S k i f f t o the " J o h n F . L e a v i t t . One o f the b o a t s i n o u r f l e e t t h a t w i l l b e a v a i l a b l e f o r use when o u r s i t e i s d e v e l o p e d i s the C u l l e r d e s i g n e d "Sloop Boat." The 19th c e n t u r y i n s h o r e f i s h i n g b o a t s commonly were c a l l e d "sloop boats." The K i n g s t o n L o b s t e r b o a t and C o n n e c t i c u t R i v e r Shad b o a t were s l o o p b o a t s . Our c r a f t c r a f t i s 1 7 ' 8 " x 5 ' . She has a n u p r i g h t s t e m , h o l l o w e n t r a n c e , f l a t r u n , b o l d d e a d r i s e , and handsome racing wineglass s t e r n . She i s g a f f r i g g e d , w i t h the j i b s e t f l y i n g . There i s 400 l b s . o f i n s i d e b a l l a s t t o compensate f o r 166 s q . f t . o f s a i l area. She has a l o n g k e e l and c e n t e r b o a r d , and w i l l s a i l o n a l l p o i n t s w i t h n o hand on the helm / d e p e n d i n g . . . T C / . She has a good t u r n o f speed i n a l l b u t t h e l i g h t e s t b r e e z e , and r e a l l y smokes i n 10-15 k n o t s o f w i n d , i f the crew can keep her u p r i g h t / a m e n . . . TC/. She was b u i l t b y the C o n c o r d i a C o . , S o u t h D a r t m o u t h , MA, o f n a t i v e c e d a r c a r v e l p l a n k s o n steam b e n t oak f r a m e s . The deck i s l o n g l e a f y e l l o w p i n e r e c y c l e d from a b a r n . T h i s b o a t has the g r a c e o f l i n e s and p r o p o r t i o n t h a t marks C u l l e r ' s d e s i g n s and C o n c o r d i a workmanship. D i c k Wagner


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