Vol. 109, Iss. 17 | Tuesday, October 29, 2019
The Flat Hat The Weekly Student Newspaper
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of The College of William and Mary
Honoring Asian American legacies APIA program prepares for centennial event of the first person of color at the College
COURTESY PHOTO / EARL GREGG SWEM LIBRARY SPECIAL COLLECTIONS
Art Matsu ’28 led the College’s football team as quarterback to victory against the College’s rival team Richmond and also ran for the track team and played baseball.
CHARLES COLEMAN / / FLAT HAT CHIEF STAFF WRITER
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ast year, the College of William and Mary celebrated significant milestones in its history, such as the 100th anniversary of female enrollment and the 50th anniversary of AfricanAmerican students being admitted. To honor the 100th anniversary of football quarterback Art Matsu ’28 arriving on campus in 1924 — when he became the College’s first AsianAmerican student and more broadly its first student of color — various efforts are being made by departments across campus to plan a commemorative centennial year in 2024. Alongside members of the College’s Asian and Pacific Islander c o m mu n i t y , faculty from the Asian and Pacific Islander American COURTESY PHOTO / EARL GREGG SWEM LIBRARY SPECIAL COLLECTIONS studies program, GRAPHIC BY EMMA FORD students within the
Asian American Student Initiative and alumni have been involved in the planning process. APIA Director Francis Tanglao Aguas is spearheading the initiative and strives for the commemorative year to highlight both past and current APIA members of the student body; he aims to give a voice to all minorities who have historically shaped the College. Aguas has been working closely with alumni and students to ensure that Matsu along with several other significant students are having their legacies respected and showcased. “Since being a professor in 2005, I have been working with students in researching the presence and contribution of those who were present as Asian American and Pacific Islanders here at William and Mary,” Aguas said. “A person of color was here in 1924 and he was Asian American, so the question of the day is about what efforts are being made for this ground-breaking engine to be a part of the William and Mary story. … I believe there should be a university effort to celebrate this one hundredth year milestone similar to
any other celebration.” AASI leader Jamelah Jacob ’21 is working closely with members within APIA program to craft portrayals of Asian-American students’ contributions and successes on campus. Jacob, along with other members of the group, feels passionate about raising awareness for important figures such at Matsu, as well as all current minority students. Jacob said he hopes further progress can be made following the APIA’s official establishment last May, when it became a registered major offered through the College’s undergraduate Arts and Sciences program. “We recently got the official major in May 2019 after years of pushing for it, and we’re one of the first, and I’d say one of the most successful, on the east coast to do it,” Jacobs said in an email. “Still, I think the school has a long way to go to address the APIA community better. I feel like a lot of the progress has been initiated by APIA students and faculty, so I hope to see more initiatives that are driven by the school in the future.” Edward Hong ’09 was the first student at the College to graduate with
a degree in Asian-American studies. Since then, the APIA program has been officially cemented as a full major and has graduated students each year. As an alum with deep ties to APIA’s budding status at the College, Hong is helping Aguas plan the celebrations commemorating Matsu’s matriculation and hopes to aid Aguas in officially proposing the celebration to the administration. Hong said that the point of the 100th year celebration is to demonstrate that Asian-American history should be emphasized as American history is more generally, both at the College and throughout educational curricula. “Asian Americans are a thriving and growing population not only at William & Mary but in the United States as a whole,” Hong said in an email. “Because of this growth, it is all the more important to celebrate these stories, not just through the culture shows the AAPI students would have with their student organizations but also in the academic realm where the history of Asian Americans is placed with greater emphasis alongside See APIA page 3
BOV
Board of Vistors holds public tuition hearing
Panelists answer questions, break down budget, discuss tuition revenue for 2021 fiscal year GEORGIA THOMS THE FLAT HAT
In September 2019, the College of William and Mary’s Board of Visitors unanimously endorsed a new six-year plan, which introduced a modified tuition model beginning in fall 2020. In addition, the Board decided to hold a public hearing on tuition Tuesday, Oct. 22, where students could voice their concerns and learn more in detail about various aspects of the budget. Board of Visitors Rector John E. Littel, Secretary Sue H. Gerdelman, members Anne Leigh Kerr and Karen Kennedy Schultz, Chair of the Finance Committee James A. Hixon, Senior Vice President of Finance and Administration Sam E. Jones and Vice President of Finance and Technology Amy Sebring were in attendance. Jones presented the overall uses of the budget and illustrated the process in setting tuition and fees for fiscal year 2021 to the Board. Furthermore, Jones emphasized that the meeting’s ultimate purpose was to receive public comment on the new tuition in relation to the modified six-year plan. “In September, the Board of Visitors made a six-year plan that sets the parameters for the tuition moving forward,” Jones said. “We continue to be an early decision school, so we provide the cost of tuition before the students have to make a decision so that they and their families know what the cost will be now and
Index Profile News Opinions Variety
Sports
in the future.” In March, Virginia’s General Assembly will meet and consider adjusting funding for the state’s public universities. State general funds are state tax dollars that support the College because it is a state-sponsored institution. However, these funds do not provide financial support for out-of-state students. While there is potential for the College to receive money from the state, external factors make state funding highly competitive. Last session, state funding in the form of Tuition Moderation funds allowed for no increase in tuition for in-state undergraduates that year. However, this fiscal year there will be an increase in tuition because the state, despite consistent revenues, is unable to provide the requisite funding necessary for the College to continue operating in its current fashion. “We are very early in the process,” Jones said. “Current students, in-state undergraduates, will have no tuition increase because they are under the William and Mary Promise and Tuition Guarantee. For incoming freshman and in-state transfer students right now in the six-year plan as submitted to the state there will be a zero to three percent increase.” This increase in tuition is to keep the College running properly while also providing quality education as a public institution. “William and Mary is like a small city,” Jones said. “We are not only providing education, but food, transportation, utility plants, but counseling and health care are available as well. Auxiliary
Inside Opinions 2 3-4 5-6 7-8 9-10
See BOV page 4
Inside Sports
Celebrating Halloween as a college student emphasizes holiday’s flaws
Partly Sunny High 71, Low 57
activities are generally fee driven like the residence life program, food service program, athletics and transportation as well as many other things. The state provides no support for that, so it is completely revenue driven.” Tuition provides 44 percent of the College’s operating revenue, which in total is about $209.4 million. Additionally, academics account for over half of the school’s expenditures, $470.7 million divided into research, financial aid, auxiliary services and academics. Of that total expenditure, 56 percent is devoted to instruction, academic support, student services, institutional support and plant operations. The breakdown of each tuition dollar is as follows: 46 cents goes directly to instruction including faculty compensation; 18 cents for need-based financial aid; 13 cents for libraries, academic technology and deans; 11 cents for institutional support like finance and technology support; eight cents for the operation and maintenance of the institution; and finally, four cents for the University Registrar, career services, the office of undergraduate admissions and the Financial Aid Office. Jones also discussed the importance of financial aid in tuition cost. The College provides $61.2 million in financial aid and is adamant about continuing this tradition of support. “Thirteen percent of our overall budget goes into student
Carina Pacheco ‘23 says that the commercialism of Halloween can overshadow the holiday’s original intent. page 5
Tribe pulls off 2-1 upset in overtime
Facing off against No. 5 Louisville, the College forced an upset when it defeated the Cardinals (13-3) in a dramatic 2-1 double overtime victory, giving the College a now seven game win streak. page 9
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The Flat Hat
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THE BUZZ
News Editor Heather Baier News Editor Leslie Davis News Editor Emma Ford fhnews@gmail.com | Tuesday, Oct. 29, 2019 | Page 2
It’s really important for us to be able to help provide a platform today for people to talk across these boundaries and for audience members to get a sense of where other people are on issues. We think that kind of communication is really important for people both to communicate their beliefs but also to form their beliefs and find where they fit.
— Amelia Larson ’21
THIS WEEK IN FLAT HAT HISTORY November 1, 1949 - News: A new Faculty Advisory Committee policy no longer requires female students at the College of William and Mary to sign out with their respective house mothers in order to visit the fraternity lodges. Female students were permitted to visit the fraternity lodges during “dating hours,” held 3 p.m. to 10 p.m. Tuesday through Friday, Saturdays 1 p.m. to 12 a.m. and Sundays 1 p.m. to 10 p.m. October 30, 1970 - News: Students Fran Jones and Alan Waites receive an oral reprimand from the College’s Disciplinary Committee after they are caught studying together in Jones’ dorm room in violation of the school’s visitation regulations. Though they could have faced suspension or disciplinary probation, Jones believed they were given leniency because she and Waites were not in a ‘dating situation.’ October 27, 1995 - Sports After dealing with tough schedule comprised of difficult opponents, the College’s field hockey team received two easy victories. The Tribe defeated Virginia Commonwealth University 7-1 and Towson State 6-2. October 28, 2008 - News The Student Assembly Executive Cabinet discussed going trayless in Sadler Center’s dining hall. SA aimed to go trayless by fall of 2009, and planned to begin with a slow reduction of the number of trays available. Dining Services felt that more research needed to be done before deciding if the change would be beneficial, and were concerned about Sadler Dining Hall’s compactness and its suitability for traylessness. HISTORY BY KARINA VIZZONI AND SARAH GREENBERG / FLAT HAT NEWS ASSOC. EDITORS
A THOUSAND WORDS
Curating a passion for research Professor Carrie Dolan talks Peace Corp experience, mentoring students in public health ANNA BOUSTANY // FLAT HAT OPINIONS EDITOR
CORRECTIONS An article in the October 22 issue, “Analyzing war and peace: Global Research Institute launches two new project teams on human rights violations, nuclear proliferation” incorrectly stated Professor Kelebogile Zvobgo’s former research university. She formerly worked at University of Southern California, not the University of California, Los Angeles. An article in the October 22 issue, “Hop, Skip and Stomp: Black Student Organization’s annual Stompfest creates cultural unity through step competition” incorrectly stated Jasime Garnes ’20’s graduation year. Garnes is graduating in 2020, not 2021. The Flat Hat wishes to correct any fact printed incorrectly. Corrections may be submitted in email to the editor of the section in which the incorrect information was printed. Requests for corrections will be accepted at any time.
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Ever since she first started going on yearly scuba trips as a child, College of William and Mary professor of kinesiology and health sciences Carrie Dolan has been making waves in both life and her academic career. Whether it be through one of her classes or through one of her many active research projects, Dolan has made a significant impact on campus. Exemplifying this impact, Dolan made headlines earlier this year for her induction into the Explorer’s Club at the highest level as a fellow. While her commitment to research is showcased in the various research labs she leads around campus, Dolan’s love for research was first sparked during her time spent in the Peace Corps in Jamaica. There Dolan had the opportunity to plan the allocation of around $20,000 from the German Development Bank. This task inspired her to think more about epidemiology and consider the systematic allocation of public health resources, especially within the health services field. “The peace corps was where I learned the value of quantitative methods and thinking about systematically allocating our public health resources,” Dolan said. “My peace corps project was to figure out how to spend about twenty thousand dollars from the German Development Bank, and so it’s really where I got interested in doing epidemiology. After the Peace Corp I went back and did epidemiology as a masters at Tulane.” When she returned to the United States, Dolan pursued her newfound interest by receiving a Master’s degree in Epidemiology from Tulane University in New Orleans. Following that initial stint in academia, Dolan decided to continue her education by seeking out a Ph.D. “I wanted a seat at the table to talk about how resources are allocated, so I looked for a Ph.D. program that had a strong economics core,” Dolan said. Dolan decided to attend Virginia Commonwealth University, where she
graduated with a doctorate in Healthcare Policy and Research in 2017. Her involvement in research at the College began during her time at VCU, where she began to work with AidData.
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It’s exciting to watch students learn about something that they didn’t know about yet, or had preconceived notions about.
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CARMEN HONKER / THE FLAT HAT
Maddie Douglas Business Manager Amelia Sandhovel Business Manager
COURTESY PHOTO / CARRIE DOLAN
Dolan spent time in Jamaica as a peace corps volunteer, where she planned the allocation of funds from the German Development Bank for public health resources.
— Carrie Dolan
Dolan demonstrates her passion for working with students by enthusiastically discussing her research projects with her classes. She teaches several classes in the Kinesiology and Health Sciences department and identified her two favorite courses as Health Policy and Foundations of Epidemiology. She especially treasures her Healthy Policy class, as she says it provides her students with hands-on experience building their knowledge, skills, and abilities. While her Foundations of Epidemiology class is much larger, Dolan enjoys working with students who are learning about completely new topics and subjects in a more lecture-style setting as well. “I really like my health policy class because it’s small and hands on,” said Dolan. “In that class we build knowledge skills and abilities … I also like my epidemiology class because it’s new content for a lot of people. That’s a larger class, and I don’t get to know the students as well as the smaller classes which I really like. But I think it’s exciting to watch student learn about something that they didn’t know about yet.” Outside of the classroom, Dolan works as an advisor to the College’s SOMOS and Medical Aid Nicaragua: Outreach Scholarship research projects and recently started Ignite, a new research lab under the umbrella of the Global Research Institute. Ignite uses research to address allocating public health resources in the most efficient and fair way possible. Ignite’s research closely follows Dolan’s own passions and previous research through Ignites efforts to make resource allocation more effective through specific targeting of resources. “William and Mary students in particular are willing to try new things and are independent learners and thinkers in a lot of ways, so they bring a lot of new insight to my research,” Dolan said. Dolan’s recent induction into the Explorer’s Club this August is an especially notable
milestone in her career because of the extensive professional and research opportunities it brings to the table. Being inducted as a fellow is a mark of a person’s commitment to research, particularly in the field of geographical exploration or a related field. Joining the Explorer’s Club as a fellow not only highlights Dolan’s achievements in her research, but also adds her to the ranks of such impressive Explorer’s Club members as Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. Regardless, Dolan is less focused on the prestige of the organization and is instead occupied with the organization’s opportunities for professional and research development. “I think that is going to be really interesting in terms when I meet people with different backgrounds and who are doing field research all around the world … I think it’s going to be really intellectually stimulating because it’s not all people who are doing the same kind of work I do,” Dolan said. Dolan emphasizes that not only have connections with students made her experience withtheCollegespecial; encounterswithprofessors have too. Dolan credits her collaborative work with associate professor of economics Ariel BinYashay with helping her learn and work more with using quantitative methods in her research, as well as her efforts with retired sociology professor David Aday, Jr. with helping her to focus on research questions in a structured, interdisciplinary effort. This unique approach to research has helped hone Dolan’s research on campus. “He really helped me to think about questions from a structural and organizational perspective and incorporating different disciplines into the way I think about the research I do,” Dolan said. From teaching classes and working on various research projects, Dolan’s large impacts on this campus are clear. Following important accomplishments like her induction into the Explorer’s Club and the spark of her new research lab, Dolan is excited for the future opportunities that lie ahead.
COURTESY PHOTOS / CARRIE DOLAN
Dolan started a new research lab within the Global Research Institute called Ignite, which studies how public health resources are allocated internationally.
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The Flat Hat
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
POLITICS
Debate Society, AMP host political debate
Student-run event covers immigration, healthcare, income
LULU DAWES THE FLAT HAT
Friday, Oct. 25, amidst the beginning of the House of Representative’s official inquiry into the impeachment of President Donald Trump and the Democratic Party’s presidential primary debates, eight students sitting on a brightly lit stage at the College of William and Mary opened their laptops, grabbed their microphones and prepared to debate their political views. At the event, AMP Contemporary and Cultural Issues Committee teamed up with the Debate Society to host an “Election Debate” between the College Republicans, Young Democrats, Young Moderates and the Young Democratic Socialists of America. All four political organizations chose two student representatives to share and debate their personal political opinions at the event. Moderated by two members of the Debate Society, each group was given two minutes to answer questions regarding an array of current political topics. “Debate society is all about fostering communication between people who hold different beliefs and promoting constructive discussions,” debate moderator Amelia Larson ’21 said. “It's really important for us to be able to help provide a platform today for people to talk across these boundaries and for audience members to get a sense of where other people are on issues. We think that kind of communication is really important for people both to communicate their beliefs but also to form their beliefs and find where they fit.” The debate began with the moderators asking the groups six questions that the students had prepared for before the debate. Covering immigration reforms, healthcare, foreign intervention, geopolitical challenges, universal income and student activism, the debaters shared their perspectives on the ongoing issues before arguing how federal and state governments should address these topics. While audience spectator Aaraj Vig ’23 attended the debate to
show his support as a dual member of two participating political organizations on stage, he was also interested to see what students with opposing political ideologies had to say. “It was really great seeing a few varying political ideologies discuss what their different takes are on different political issues,” Vig said. “The questions were all very topical and relevant, especially with regard to the current political climate, and I think that the moderators and audience questions combined created a very robust line of questioning that gives a lot of good insights into what these leading political ideologies are.” After the prepared questions, the audience submitted additional questions to the debaters. Two audience members directed their questions to the College Republicans’ representatives specifically, inquiring about their opinions on transgender rights and North Carolina's racial gerrymandering. Audience member Michael Gibson ’23 attended the event to gain better exposure to political groups on campus and believed that the AMP event had a better atmosphere for dialogue than recent Democratic primary debates. “It just seemed better moderated and a little bit more civil,” Gibson said. “They were given more time to talk and instead of a ton of people just trying to sell themselves in short little soundbites that sound really idealistic, this seemed more like a debate to me. Like actually bouncing back and forth different ideas to each other.” While each group had varying opinions on each topic, one of the most contested issues of the event was China’s role within the international community. When the moderators asked debaters what the main threat to the United States was, the College Republicans indicated their concerns with China’s carbon dioxide emissions and decried their involvement in the South China Sea. While the Young Moderates echoed these sentiments in their response, citing the trade war and pollution, the Young Democrats defended China, mentioning its investment in the environment and infrastructure involvement
in Asia and Africa. “China is far from a perfect country, but we have to return to the first thing YDSA mentioned: climate change,” Young Democrats Representative Louisa Janssen ’20 said. “It is a little bit shameful we’re out here bashing China when they have done more than the United States to fix the wrongs they have done to the climate; they have done so much to invest in green energy sector in ways that the United States would never dream of.” In the first and only out-of-order response of the night, the Young Republicans defended their original statement after Janssen’s rebuttal. Going against the ideal of learning from China, Eugene Lee ’23 cited China’s recent repression of Uyghurs, an indigenous Muslim people. Following this question round, each group was given one minute to discuss any issue of their choice. The Young Democrats used this time to discuss the systemic oppression of votes, the YDSA credited meaningful change to grassroots organizations, and the College Republicans discussed how Trump’s efforts to strengthen the border do not stem from racism. However, the Young Moderates, who spoke last, addressed a previous comment from the YDSA regarding the two young moderates’ privilege and class interest. The Young Moderates’ response was the only statement of the night to be awarded with a standing ovation. “I wanted to talk to the YDSA, not talking me facing forward, but talking to you,” Young Moderate Will McCleery ’19 said. “I'm not going to sit here and be insulted by you, because I’m not insulted by what you said. You can't have a dialogue with people unless you're willing to listen to people, and I’m listening to you man, and I hear what you're saying about privilege. I checked mine out at the door. Trust me on that, and if you don’t think I did, I'm trying and that's sometimes the best we can ever do.” After the debate, each of the four clubs had a table set outside, where audience members could learn more about their organizations and ask any further questions about their group’s political ideologies.
CAMPUS
Smithsonian botanist presents on species interaction Anthropocence lecture illustrates importance of complexity, diversity of life PHILIP SCHUELER THE FLAT HAT
Senior Research Botanist and Curator of Botany at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History John Kress visited the College of William and Mary Thursday, Oct. 24 to give a talk before students and professors entitled “Coevolution of the Anthropocene: The Complexity of Nature in a Rapidly Changing World.” Kress has spent decades studying plants and animals, receiving his bachelor’s from Harvard University in 1975 and his Ph.D. from Duke University in 1981, specializing in tropical biology and ethnobotany. Kress has spent much of his time studying hummingbirds and their interaction with the Heliconiaceae family of flowering plants in tropical areas such as Costa Rica and throughout the broader Caribbean region. In his talk, Kress described how the Anthropocene — meaning age of man — is a proposed term for the historical period in the history of the Earth in which we live, which is increasingly defined by the impact of the human species on the planet’s environment.
Kress explained that scientists disagree over when the Anthropocene began. “Some say the Anthropocene really started with the first extinction of animals caused by humans, others say, no, it was really 10 to 11 thousand years ago when agriculture first began, others talk about the great Columbian exchange where Columbus and the exploration of the Earth began to exchange animals, plants and diseases from one continent to the next,” Kress said. “Most believe the Industrial Revolution is the beginning of the major impact, when fossil fuels were first used. ... there are some geologists who say the best marker is when the first atomic bomb was exploded on July 10, 1945.” A key element of Kress’ presentation was his argument that people should appreciate what he terms the complexity of life, as well as the diversity of life. Kress also cautioned that evaluating the diversity of life is not simply looking at the number of species in a country or habitat and making conjectures from those factors alone. “I’d like to propose that there are other things that we need to think about when we’re discussing the diversity of life on planet
Earth,” Kress said. “One is species traits, so the characteristics that species possess, that are different between every species, … but almost more importantly are species interactions. There are no species on the planet, including our own, that don’t interact with other species. Species interactions, I actually think, are more important in understanding what I would like to call the complexity of life on the planet, not just the diversity.” Kress concluded his talk by describing the amount of species in danger of extinction and the vast number of animal deaths and disappearances which can be attributed to human activity. “It was reported that in North America alone three billion birds have gone missing over the last 50 years,” Kress said. “They estimated there were about ten billion individual birds in North America in 1970. There are now about seven billion. Individuals, populations and species are decreasing, and this is one of the major impacts of the Anthropocene on the planet.” Abigail Buffington, an environmental archaeologist, said she was impressed by Kress’ scholarship.
“I was fascinated by the research that the scholar has done, really interesting findings, in terms of coevolution,” Buffington said. “I thought he had a really compelling framework that he had devised for the research.” Genevieve Kennedy ’23 attended the talk to hear Kress speak as well as to see and meet the other visitors from the Smithsonian. Kennedy said that she enjoyed Kress’s lecture and found its content thought-provoking. “I really enjoyed learning … about different evolutionary features of different hummingbirds in the Caribbean and stuff like that, but I also thought it was cool to hear about the Anthropocene and the effects it has on the planet, but also very sad at the same time,” Kennedy said. Ireland Degges ’22 said she attended Kress’s talk because she is interested in environmental science. “I liked when he talked about the Anthropocene and how that has impacted the environment,” Degges said. “I think the way humans have impacted the environment is sad but really interesting to study, and I think that learning about it will hopefully improve our environmental policies.”
APIA, AASI emphasize legacy of Asian American students Campus community celebrates minority stories, plans commemorations of first Asian Americans at the College American history in general. This is not something the college is overlooking solely but a widespread issue amongst American colleges as a whole.” Hong played a key role in shaping APIA’s curriculum, and will continue to work with APIA in celebrating the legacy of Asian Americans throughout the College. While the APIA program has been working hard to raise the voices of Asian students, some members of the community feel that the administration is not doing enough to help. The Asian American and Pacific Islander community at the College would like to see the prominent support of pushing for this celebration and creating awareness for Asian-American stories all over the campus. Jacob spoke on how vital it is for every Asian student to feel support during their time here since there are only four years to do so. “First of all, I think that the College still overlooks a lot of underrepresented students, but I can only speak for the Asian-American community in my answer,” Jacob said. “It’s important because it’s necessary that APIA students feel like they belong here — that they are not only here for four years but that their time here becomes part of history forever. It’s also important to highlight different
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First of all, I think that the College still overlooks a lot of underrepresented students, but I can only speak for the AsianAmerican community in my answer. It’s important because it’s necessary that APIA students feel like they belong here — that they are not only here for four years but that their time here becomes part of history forever.
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APIA from page 1
— Jamelah Jacob
perspectives, which is a reason why it’s important to highlight stories of Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders.” Aguas looks forward to expanding APIA studies at the College. He is dedicated to looking into the history of the College and examine where minorities, specifically Asian and Pacific Islanders, have helped shape the College in its formative years. He emphasized how past students’ stories can uplift and encourage all current students on campus, partially motivating his interest in establishing a formal commemoration of notable milestones in the College’s minority communities. “I believe it’s crucial for William and Mary to research its own history with all students of color,” Aguas said. “Imagine the power of the story to the students of today if we were able to find out of other early students of color who were here, not just of those we know now, such as the first transgender students of LGBTQ+, Latin American students or first Muslim students, what were their lives like at William and Mary. So that the students of today can benefit from their experiences, while their experience now is not necessarily the first such experience. Because when these histories are mined then we don’t have to repeat them.”
Portraits : of pioneers e images of th n earliest Asia students at the college
Art Matsu '28, the first person of color to attend the College.
Hatsuye Yamasaki '37, the first female Asian American to be enrolled at the College.
Ming Pan '25, who came to the College in 1924 from Changsha, China.
COURTESY PHOTOS / EARL GREGG SWEM LIBRARY SPECIAL COLLECTIONS
The Flat Hat
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
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CAMPUS
Tack Lecture examines animal rights Morse analyzes racism, sexism, disability rights in ‘Black Beauty’ Wednesday, Oct. 23, the College of William and Mary presented its 16th talk of the Tack Faculty Lecture Series, featuring professor Deborah Denenholz Morse. Her presentation, which was entitled “Liberating Black Beauty: A Narrative on Animal Rights, Gender, Race, and Nation,” analyzed Anna Sewell’s 1877 novel “Black Beauty” and examined its sociopolitical nuances. Morse, an English professor at the College, specializes in Victorian studies, the English novel, the animal in Victorian literature and feminist studies. Morse began by reflecting on animal rights issues and devoted the event to animals who are suffering. “This lecture is dedicated to all the homeless animals,” Morse said. “May they one day find a home at last, as Black Beauty does.” Morse then discussed her interpretation of the novel. In addition to exploring animal rights, gender, race and nationhood, Morse argued “Black Beauty” deals with the concepts of temperance and pacifism. “The groom Reuben Smith in ‘Black Beauty’ drunkenly ruins Beauty, damaging his knees, and can be considered as part of a very large, late-Victorian genre of temperance novels, many of which were published by the Religious Tract Society and Scottish Temperance League,” Morse said. “Believe me, I’ve read a lot of them in the Bodleian and the British Library. Black Beauty is also a Quaker anti-war text with its chapters on Captain, a war horse who describes his terrifying experiences during the Charge of the Light Brigade in the Crimean War, an event made infamous by Tennyson’s poem.” According to Morse, Sewell’s personal experiences fostered her love for animals and greatly influenced the thematic notions of “Black Beauty.” Sewell experienced a physical handicap which made her dependent on horses. Additionally, Sewell’s Quaker upbringing encouraged her criticism of warfare and the violent mistreatment of animals. After providing background on the author, Morse segued into a discussion of animal consciousness. Morse explained that this concept dates back centuries, when Charles Darwin proved the biological links between humans and animals in 1872. Morse said that his research has been expanded upon in the 21st century by academics such as Barbara King and Peter Godfrey-Smith. These scholars, Morse suggested, have made attempts to understand the emotional intelligence of animals and to see them as fellow sentient beings. Morse argued that
Black Beauty shares a similar perspective with the works of King and Godfrey-Smith. “King’s and Godfrey’s humane impulse was shared by the most famous late 19th-century literary representation of animal consciousness, Englishwoman Anna Sewell’s ‘Black Beauty,’” Morse said. “Sewell’s literary strategies were based upon close observation of her horse Hero as well as upon extraordinary human imagining and empathy, nurtured by Sewell’s devout Quaker background. She was greatly concerned about cruelty enacted against her beloved horses by people of all social classes.”
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The narrative strategy of trans-species, cross-gender narration in these texts creates a powerful space in which animal minds can exist.
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ANNA BURNS THE FLAT HAT
— Deborah Denenholz Morse
Morse described how Sewell was greatly concerned by the popularity of the bearing rein, a device used to constrain horses that was fashionable during the era of “Black Beauty.” It forced horses to hold their heads higher than normal, causing them great discomfort and ultimately shortening their lifespans. Sewell wrote “Black Beauty” during the final months of her life while very ill, and Morse said that Sewell’s affliction enhanced her sympathy for animals, encouraging her to write the novel. “It is reasonable to suggest that her own suffering infused the suffering she depicts so powerfully in the consciousness of Black Beauty and in the speeches of the many other equines who voice their outrage against human injustice,” Morse said. Sewell’s expansive knowledge of horses, Morse said, was
unusual for the time period and greatly resisted traditional gender expectations. Morse also said Sewell’s insight as an equestrian gave her a greater understanding of animal consciousness and communication. “Certainly, Anna Sewell did try to learn their language in ‘Black Beauty: His Grooms and Companions’ — the full title — which Sewell promises is translated from the original equine,” Morse said. “Issues of language, voice and translation are intertwined in this novel purporting to be the autobiography of a horse. The fiction that Beauty tells his own story and his own language to his human auditor and translator — Sewell herself — is partly a reflection of Sewell’s attentiveness to horse expressiveness over her entire life.” Morse continued by discussing how the novel challenges Victorian gender constructs. By giving a male horse a female translator, Sewell employed a subversive and innovative strategy in this work. According to Morse, “Black Beauty” breaks down the constructs of Victorian masculinity by drawing attention to male violence and antagonism through an equine narrator. Morse interpreted the character Ginger as representative of the mistreatment of women and imperial subjects in Victorian Britain. As Morse said, Ginger’s breaking in by her handlers is indicative of gang rape, serving as a commentary on male sexual aggression against women. Morse also said that Ginger’s name is evocative of England’s imperial connection to Ireland and India. After the talk, Natalie Spage ’23 shared her thoughts on Morse’s analysis and the gender narratives present within the novel. “I was mostly fascinated by Ginger and the kind of parallels with rape, specifically, and kind of the gender presence in both the horses,” Spage said. Jen Dunn ’20 saw Morse’s interpretation as applicable to the resolution of contemporary social issues. “I think it’s so interesting to study these novels with the lens of understanding the oppression and situations that the authors are putting into the novels and trying to express frustration or anger or discomfort in their own lives,” Dunn said. In her closing statements, Morse talked about the value of the novel with respect to the advancement of animal rights. She also drew attention to the innovation of Sewell’s novel, specifically its unique stylistic methods and the pointed commentary it provides. “The narrative strategy of trans-species, cross-gender narration in these texts creates a powerful space in which animal minds can exist,” Morse said.
CAMPUS
Undergraduates present interdisciplinary research Students talk original research projects in mathematics, natural science, art, history Friday, Oct. 25, students and faculty at the College of William and Mary gathered in Earl Gregg Swem Library for the annual Fall Undergraduate Research Symposium. During the event, undergraduates involved in or conducting their own research at the College presented their findings to members of the College’s community. Student presentations encompassed research conducted in a variety of interdisciplinary fields, including mathematics, science, arts and history. Among the research projects presented at the symposium was a psychology study titled “Effects of Acute Nicotine in an Animal Model of Social Anxiety,” conducted by Ryan Farmer ’21, Ross Fladeland ’20 and associate professor of psychology Robert Barnet. In humans, smoking has been associated with increased likelihood of anxiety disorders, but in both humans and animals, it has been established that nicotine is both anxiety causing and anxiety reducing. Therefore, the goals of the research were to investigate the effects of nicotine on the social anxiety of rats, specifically the Sprague Dawley breed, and to assess nicotine’s overall effects on social anxiety and social recognition memory. “Specifically, we are kind of curious to see how nicotine affected anxiety pathways with regards to voluntary choice through sociability,” Fladeland said. “So how rats would interact with other rats, and then also through their social recognition memory, which basically examines how rats interact with other rats previously given the fact that they already met another way.” The research was conducted in two phases,
one involving a sociability/anxiety test and the other involving a social recognition memory test. In the first phase, the subject rat was placed in a center chamber, with another rat on one side and an empty chamber on the other side. The subject rat’s preference assessed its social anxiety. In the second phase, the subject rat returned to a chamber, but one side chamber contained the previous rat from the previous phase and the other side chamber contained a new, unfamiliar rat, assessing social recognition memory. “The saline rats, which we used as our control, spent significantly more time with the stranger rat, which is what we expected to see because rats exhibit prosocial behavior when they’re not stressed,” Farmer said. “The rats we injected with 0.40 mg/kg of nicotine, which is a very high dose, got rid of that sociability effect which could imply that the high dose of nicotine was leading to social anxiety.” The research’s conclusions established that the rats treated with nicotine exhibited high anxiety, reduced sociability and impaired social recognition memory, implying that nicotine may be connected to increases in social anxiety or social withdrawal behavior. “Currently today, there has kind of been an upswing on the amount of nicotine being consumed in the United States, and the common argument that people say is if it’s not cigarettes, it’s not going to be bad for me because nicotine isn’t bad for you,” Fladeland said. “Our research, although it’s not pointed to always give us results, it is examining what just nicotine can do and I think from this we’re learning all kinds of things that can be applied.” Another project at the symposium with
approaches more grounded in the humanities was “Contours of Constitution: Geography, Interests, and the Early Political Institutions of Vermont and New Hampshire,” which was conducted by Antonia Coyote Farrell ’21.
“
If you can get in a lab not only are you helping to advance what we know as a society, you’re also learning how to do research, how to answer questions, which is a skill for everyday life.
“
KARINA VIZZONI FLAT HAT NEWS ASSOC. EDITOR
— Ryan Farmer
“I researched the differences in the political characteristics between Vermont and New
Hampshire,” Farrell said. “I grew up in Vermont, and the politics are very town based and very collective — it’s all about provision of public goods. In New Hampshire, there’s very strong libertarian streak, which is just about the opposite of Vermont, and so my research question was how do we get to that point?” Farrell conducted her project at home in Vermont, working out of Dartmouth College’s library system, delving into histories of towns and states, examining old state records and other artifacts in order to determine the economies of the towns and evaluating the geographical dispersion of early towns. “My conclusion was essentially that the geography and attributes of Vermont and New Hampshire, meaning whether they have pine trees or maple trees, how many rivers they have, influence the constitutions, and it led to a system in Vermont where politics were very localized, and in New Hampshire where there was a very strong libertarian streak because there was a lot of discontent in politics,” Farrell said. Regardless of the topic or subject, some undergraduates at the event expressed genuine interest in their research and that research experiences have been integral parts of their college life in addition to being intellectually stimulating ones. “I think undergraduate research is really important because you can sit in a lecture hall and learn things all day long, but at the end of the day, research has to move forward and research only moves forward by people doing it,” Farmer said. “If you can get in a lab not only are you helping to advance what we know as a society, you’re also learning how to do research, how to answer questions, which is a skill for everyday life.”
BOV holds public hearing, discusses new tuition implemention Advisory board receives community feedback on six-year plan, elaborates on funding procedures BOV from page 1
financial aid, and that has been an area of emphasis for the board for a long time. That is in terms of providing appropriate need-based aid for students but also it helps with the diversity of the student body as well and first-generation students in terms of making sure we provide adequate support.”
When discussing changes for the tuition budget, the Board has a specific process that follows key questions such as the adequacy of current expenditures, possible opportunities for cost savings, appropriate faculty-student ratios, incremental funding for need-based financial aid goals and if there are any new program or services needed. “The bottom line we are asking is if
William and Mary is cost competitive given the value and quality of the education students receive,” Jones said. Patrick Salsburg ’21, one of two students who attended the College’s tuition hearing, attended out of personal curiosity. “I just wanted to know the breakdown of tuition and fees and how money is raised and how it is spent,” Salsburg said.
The College’s Executive Director of Events Steve Tewksbury attended the event as a board member and felt the hearing was important to demonstrate how the budget is influenced by broader statewide events and how it can subsequently lead to change on campus. “I think a better understanding of the true workings of the budget are
needed to make comments for there to be a real understanding of change,” Tewksbury said. “Coming to meetings like this, and paying more attention at board meetings would be helpful to better understand it. It is a rare opportunity to have members of the board who are willing and available to answer questions, particularly about the budget, on campus at one time.”
opinions
Opinions Editor Anna Boustany Opinions Editor Chloe Folmar fhopinions@gmail.com // @theflathat
The Flat Hat | Tuesday, October 29, 2019 | Page 5
STAFF COLUMNS
Halloween elicits strong student emotions
Celebrating Halloween as a college student emphasizes holiday’s flaws
Halloween provides fun chances for costumes alongside one’s community
Carina Pacheco
Georgia Thoms
THE FLAT HAT
THE FLAT HAT
I can distinctly recall feeling disappointed as a child who initially loved the concept of Halloween. During In order to fully portray the spirit of Halloween, I fully believe that people should go all out. I’m most of my novice trick-or-treating experiences, I found my Jack-O-Lantern pail regularly severely lacking in not sure when my absolute love and fascination with Halloween and everything spooky began. At Tootsie products, I frequently got really freaked out by a number of neighbor’s eccentric decorations and my a young age, I fantasized about being able to wear monochrome, black outfits with skull accents mom often forced me to wear a long-sleeve shirt underneath my costume. and plastering my room with rock bands posters and vintage items. After some time, I found my Now, there are several things that bother me about the Halloween season rather than just the festivities. limelight — the perfect time to go all out with these desires: Halloween. Not one Halloween have First, Halloween is placed in an unfortunate season. I find that the generally tumultuous autumn weather in I not planned at least a month ahead for my costume and gone completely in costume even when the Northeast and East Coast makes it difficult to encapsulate those extra spooky and festive vibes that the the Northeast made it snow on my favorite Halloween occasion needs and deserves. From certain Halloweens being preceded by weeks with 75-degree night of the year. weather to my home state’s former governor, Chris Christie, canceling the holiday in advance of Hurricane While arriving at the College of William Sandy seven years ago, Halloween is rarely perfect but is more commonly uncomfortable and undesirable. and Mary has thrown a new twist in the Halloween preparation is scary enough in and of itself. My family dog would begin cowering in a corner spooky season, my passion for the holiday early in the morning, knowing full well that one of us would be forcing her pudgy little body into an ill-fitting has not wavered. At this point in my life, Yoda animal costume. As I got older, I began to sympathize more with my parents, who would recall that I am a broke student with little free time, last year they ran out of eight pounds of candy by 8 p.m., so this year they ought to buy at least 11. Every once so the art of creating something from in a while, there were those too kind families, who naively believing in the intrinsic good of children, would nothing is a necessary trade. This year my leave out a bowl of candy with a note that read “Take One Please” accompanied by a smiley face. inspiration came from my sophomore high However, with my first Halloween as a student of the College of William and Mary fast approaching, I school self. I decided to dust off the Harley am left relatively defenseless against the whims of the season. To be fair, I no longer have to worry about Quinn cosplay that I already owned. handing out candy, nor must I concern myself with dressing my dog as various Star Wars characters. And, When thinking of other costumes, even if it is cold outside, my mom can only tell me to wear a long-sleeve shirt underneath my costume over look through your own closet — you the phone — and what authority does that really give her? will be amazed at what you can create. I find that being a college student during spooky season highlights the consumption that small children For a simple yet alternative costume, and their parents prioritize, but seems to have little meaning to virtually everyone else. I know for a fact I was try a modern princess or to be more not the only child who sat in her costume on the floor in front of her TV categorizing her candy in a solemn, mainstream, go for such classics as a forlorn way knowing that the next day would soon be Christmas and that all her hard work collecting candy doctor. Now is the perfect time of year to would soon be cast into oblivion. It’s as if one second Reese’s are pumpkin-shaped and then turn into let your creativity run wild, whether that be with a makeup brush or chic costumes. The best part Christmas trees the second the clock strikes 12:01 a.m. Nov. 1. But now, I’ve realized that a good number of Halloween is that no matter what you do or what you wear, you can have fun with it and enjoy a of my classmates absolutely don’t care at all how Reese’s are shaped, not to mention how old they might holiday where everyone can dress-up and become a different person for a night. be. Are they from this Halloween or last year? Does it matter? An additional plus to the Halloween season is to have a buddy. Partner costumes with The answer is no, it does not. friends or significant others can be hilarious or romantic. There are so many different paths Now, along with other hordes of other mostly post-teenage, mostly pre-adult, college-attending to take as inspiration, it’s a wonder at all when you can decide on just one! For some of humans, we contribute best to the Halloween commercialization machine by purchasing costumes from these costumes, you can go to Party City, where you can find everything from Shark pop-up Halloween cites or Amazon Prime. It would be unfair to fail to acknowledge the significant effort Boy and Lava Girl costumes to princesses and princes and matching onesies. exerted by companies trying to sell the most ridiculous costumes this world has ever seen — I’ve If after rampaging your closet and Party City you still have no seen a wide array of unimaginable inspiration, take to social media. Celebrities are known to concepts, but they truly lost me at go all out, and they can give some new perspective for “Sexy Ronald McDonald.” Nonetheless, either DIY or bought costumes. A quick Google search there is something to be said about the creative can point you in the proper direction of which celeb component of strategically marketing distinct and to follow for inspiration. Known fellow Halloween eccentric characters by putting “sexy” in front of the enthusiasts are Vanessa Hudgens, Katy Perry, description; and people are buying them. College students Heidi Klum and Lady Gaga. are actually buying them. So, apparently someone is doing Costumes, candy and bomb movies galore, it something right. Right? is quite obvious Halloween In this awkward in-between stage of childhood and is one of the best holidays adulthood, students at the College can agree that and takes very little in the Halloween experiences away from home are likely way of inspiration for drastically different than what one is accustomed some very creative to. We are faced with questioning our products and fun. understanding of the holiday: is Halloween While college about pumpkin spice and “Twitches,” or students may be is it about a provocative Amazon-primed too old for trick“Sexy 5-Piece Deadly Ninja” costume or-treating, college (784 reviews), or babies and dogs dressed can provide the against their will or knowledge for the perfect opportunity amusement of onlookers? I’ll leave that for to perfect your you to decide, but maybe it’s all of the above. costume game. Email Carina Pacheco at Email Georgia Thoms at capapcheco@email.wm.edu. gthoms@email. HEADSHOTS BY KAYLA PAYNE AND GRAPHIC BY SUNNY AHN / THE FLAT HAT
In order to fully portray the spirit of Halloween, I fully believe that people should go all out.
INDEPENDENT GRAPHIC
Finding Halloween costumes precipitates annual stress GRAPHIC BY CAITLIN MCCLAIN / THE FLAT HAT
The Flat Hat
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
Page 6
STAFF COLUMN
STAFF COLUMN
Mike Mullin performs well in office, offers fitting choice for Delegate this November
College homecoming celebrations neglect current students, revolve exclusively around alumni’s desires
Aidan White THE FLAT HAT
Virginia is a great place for political junkies and policy nerds like me to live, because we have an election every single year. Although President Donald Trump is not on the ballot this year — and the way things are looking with the recent impeachment inquiry, he may not be on it next year either — Virginians will head to the polls Nov. 5 to elect the members of the Virginia General Assembly, including seats in the Virginia Senate and the Virginia House of Delegates. Since 2017, Williamsburg and the rest of the Virginia House’s 93rd district have been represented in the House of Delegates by Mike Mullin. Mullin, a Democrat, is up for reelection this year, and I am urging you to vote for him. As one of the Democratic co-whips in the House of Delegates, Mullin was a leader of some of the most impressive reforms to come out of Richmond in the last few years. These reforms included the 2018 Medicaid expansion, which provided healthcare to nearly 400,000 Virginians, and the public-school teacher pay raise that passed earlier this year, which was the first pay raise of this magnitude in almost a decade. Additionally, Mullin has been a part of some amazing proposed reforms that were not signed into law. Earlier this year, he co-sponsored a bill that called for universal background checks on all Virginia gun sales and voted to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment. Mullin has also proven that he is able to reach across the political aisle to help those in need. This year, he introduced and sponsored a bill to protect children from abusers. The bill unanimously passed both the House of Delegates and the Senate. Gov. Ralph Northam signed the bill into law in July. But don’t just take it from me. Take it from some of the terrific organizations that have endorsed Mullin. Planned Parenthood Virginia, NARAL Pro-Choice Virginia, the Virginia Education Association, the Sierra Club and the League of Conservation Voters all support him. Mullin also received an F-rating from the National Rifle Association, which means the gun lobby really doesn’t want to see him re-elected.
He’s supported by Planned Parenthood Virginia, NARAL Pro-Choice Virginia, the Virginia Education Association, the Sierra Club and the League of Conservation Voters. Mullin also received an F-rating from the National Rifle Association, which means the gun lobby really doesn’t want to see him re-elected. Meanwhile, Mullin’s opponent Heather Cordasco received an 86 percent support rating from the National Rifle Association and has been endorsed by the Virginia Society for Human Life, an anti-choice lobbying group. Beyond politics, Mullin is also just a nice guy. As a volunteer on his campaign, I’ve had the pleasure of spending some time chatting with him about the issues that face Virginians. His charisma, intelligence and passion for change make him one of the most approachable politicians I have ever met. I should also add that he is amazing at Cards Against Humanity. At the end of the day, isn’t that all we’re really looking for in our leaders? If you are registered to vote in Williamsburg, do not forget to go to the polls Nov. 5. Voting is a right that countless activists have fought and died for across our nation’s history. Regardless of your political leanings, participation in the democratic process is what makes this country great. All I ask is that while you’re in that booth, you consider filling in the bubble next to Michael Mullin. Email Aidan White at amwhite02@email.wm.edu.
Anhthu Cung THE FLAT HAT
Last week, the College of William and Mary had its annual Homecoming and Reunion Weekend. As a current freshman, I was excited to see what homecoming in college would be like. Many of my favorite high school memories were from homecoming: the spirit days, the class competitions, the game, the dance. During homecoming week, it felt like the entire school came together to be a part of something, and the excitement and energy was palpable in the air even as we went about our normal school days. Unfortunately, homecoming at the College did not meet the expectations I had coming in. While homecoming in high school revolves around its current students, homecoming here seems to only involve the alumni. Of course, college fosters more longlasting connections and networks than in high school, so it isn’t surprising that its alumni play a relevant role in the community. Additionally, Homecoming and Reunion Weekend is one of the few opportunities where such a large quantity of people are able to visit and reconnect with old friends. However, I was disappointed at how little homecoming was talked about among current students, and how few opportunities there were for us to participate. The main events that were open to students were the parade and
the football game. The parade with its showcase of some of the many diverse clubs on campus should have been better advertised, as many students were not even aware that it was taking place. The football game, though more well known, doesn’t appeal to everyone and for some of those who were interested, it was difficult to get tickets. I would have liked to see more activities for current students and different types of activities to reflect our many interests. There were significantly more receptions and events available to the alumni and if there were other activities for students this year, they were not sufficiently made aware and accessible to students. Going into college, with its intimidatingly larger population than high school, I wasn’t sure how developing a community would be possible. But seeing all the alumni walking around campus, eating at restaurants in Colonial Williamsburg, and gathering on the Sunken Garden together showed me the strength of our community and gave me hope. It was so great to see how close the alumni still were to each other and how passionate they still were about the College, even after graduating. It made me feel more confident that after I graduate, I, too, will always have a place at the College. But right now, it’s hard to feel that sense of community. Yes, it has not been a full semester yet, but making homecoming more engaging for students could foster a stronger sense of community early and make the newest members of the school feel more welcome. Why not use homecoming as an opportunity to celebrate both the College’s alumni and its current students? I’d like to be able to consider myself as a part of the Tribe now, and not have to wait until after I graduate. Email Anhthu Cung at atcung@email. wm.edu.
There were significantly more receptions and events available to the alumni and if there were other activities for students this year, they were not sufficiently made aware and accessible to students.
GRAPHIC AND HEADSHOTS BY KAYLA PAYNE / THE FLAT HAT
LETTER TO THE EDITOR: TRANSPORTATION OPTIONS FOR UNDERCLASSMEN NEED IMPROVEMENT
As of today, I’ve happily lived on campus — in the Botetourt Complex, no less — for a little more than two months. I’ve found my niche, favorite place in Earl Gregg Swem Library to study, and successfully manage to get to most of my classes on time thanks to my trusty bike. The problem appears, though, when I need to leave the center of Williamsburg. As a freshman, I’m not allowed to have my car on campus, so leaving campus is an activity that requires I take the bus, bike in tow. It really requires good planning since the buses are, at most, once an hour. This week, I thought, “I need to go to run
some errands, let me check out one of the Zipcars.” At first, everything seemed to go well. The problems started on Tuesday morning when I learned the reservation I made was cancelled. “Not a problem,” I thought. “I’ll rebook for another time this week.” I rebooked for Wednesday night, spent 15 minutes on the line with customer service only to find out that the person in front was late. As a last ditch I tried again on Thursday, but the car was in the shop, and I had to spend another half hour on the phone waiting to get a customer service rep. I was just trying to get to the grocery store — a task that would have been done quickly if my
means of transportation hadn’t fallen through. There is so much more to the Hampton Roads than what lies on either end of Duke of Gloucester Street, and I would love to go to the theatre in Norfolk or shopping in Richmond. But without reliable transportation, I would have to plan carefully far in advance just for those simple things. I love Williamsburg. I don’t love the dearth of transportation options available to me. Perhaps it’s time to reconsider whether an Alumni House enlargement or additional bus service throughout Williamsburg is worth it . Justin Oei jmoei@email.wm.edu
variety
Variety Editor Zoe Beardsley Variety Editor Adithi Ramakrishnan flathat.variety@gmail.com
The Flat Hat | Tuesday, October 29, 2019 | Page 7
BREAKING the
LANGUAGE BARRIER
International Fellows host community events at Language Houses, promote engagement, inclusion, learning among residents and non-residents alike VERONICA MANTHA // THE FLAT HAT
F
reshman halls have a reputation of being extremely close and forming strong bonds that often last long beyond students’ first years, yet most students never experience those strong bonds after their first year. However, some have the chance to live in Language Houses, which present the opportunity to be immersed in a language and culture outside of the English-dominant campus environment. The College of William and Mary has language housing for students interested in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Japanese and Russian. In each of these houses, students live and study alongside peers also interested in that language. There are also Language House International Fellows in each different house. These Fellows are native speakers of the language of their house, and they tutor their students, plan fun events and immerse residents in the culture of their respective house. Celeste Cabral, the Fellow of the Hispanic House is from Argentina; Claus Heinze, the Fellow of the German House, is from Münster, Germany; and Sasha Orlova, the Fellow of the Russian House, is from Moscow, Russia. "We try to make it fun ... something more fun than just grammar," Cabral said. The International Fellows’ main responsibility is tutoring their students, but they make sure to do so in captivating and interesting ways. "We call [conversation hours] Russian Tea, and
students can ask all the questions which they cannot ask during their classes," Orlova said. Movie screenings and game nights are also common methods of reaching out and immersing students. "Through the events that we're hosting, we're trying to give them an insight into the culture and give them explanations to what are the concepts that are lying behind it," Heinze said. International Fellows are all very passionate about being able to teach students about their home cultures, but they also perceive their jobs as mutually beneficial. "I was at a point where I really wanted to do something different and be abroad," Cabral said. “I work in a human rights institution that has a study abroad program with William and Mary and they said there was there was this position where I could ... apply, so I applied, and they selected me." International Fellows add a personal touch when it comes to the language immersion process, allowing for students to feel as though they are not only getting to know the language, but getting to know the culture of their Fellow’s home. "I can give a perspective about something that's not on the text," Cabral said. "It's a perspective I think we only have." Cabral's experience as a Fellow has been a learning experience, not only for her students, but for her.
VERONICA MANTHA / THE FLAT HAT
STAYING IN TUNE
Music recommendations from the Language Houses
VERONICA MANTHA / THE FLAT HAT
"I think that we are immersed in a totally different culture, and sometimes it's like you're the one that's getting such an experience,” Cabral said. Heinze feels the same way, and even came into the program with the intention of learning from students both inside and outside of the German Language House. "I've been to the States before, and I perceive the U.S. as a country that has very good and very bad sides, and I perceive it as a very interesting place to work at," Heinze said. "When I saw the offer, I was thinking about it, because I was into American Studies; therefore, I knew a bit about the States before and I'm trying to expand this knowledge. ... I was given the opportunity to teach a little, which was very interesting to me. Looking into these curious, ... sometimes confused, ... sometimes alienated faces ... every teaching experience is a surprise. I learn from them, I think it's good learning in both ways, in both directions.” Learning from students is one of the most rewarding parts of being a Fellow, but Cabral, Heinze and Orlova also find that teaching itself is one of the most important parts of their job. Orlova's main reason for applying to be a Fellow was to share her language and culture with students around the world. "I got my bachelor’s degree in Russian theology, but I decided it wasn't enough to teach Russian students because I wanted to share my culture with students from all over the world; that's why I got my associate's degree in teaching Russia as a foreign language," Orlova said. "I got this opportunity to come here and I'm really happy." The International Fellows appreciate the
willingness of students to learn from and with them; the response from the student population plays a significant role in making the position special for the fellows. "Students’ thankfulness is also very important," Heinze said. "It's something I treasure a lot." Putting on events is another way the Fellows are able to connect and educate their residents on the culture of their respective nations. The German House will be putting on an event to celebrate the 30-year anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall, and the Hispanic House will be hosting a carnival party that will mark the beginning of carnival season in Colon. Dia de Los Muertos is a celebration of life celebrated in Mexico, and the Hispanic House will be having a celebration of their own Nov. 2. The language houses are meant to be inclusive, whether or not a student is majoring in the specific language of a house. "I think that there are many residents who are not majoring, are thinking about maybe minoring, but wanted to live in a language house because the environment is more like a community than in other dorms," Cabral said. "Others have heritage that they want to recover or keep in touch with the culture." The Fellows believe there shouldn't be boundaries up to students outside of the houses or languages. "I think they are and should be open to everyone,” Heinze said. “I always tell [other students] about German events. ... I think there's no boundaries.” Language House events are open to all students to promote a community of inclusion and a celebration of culture on campus. "Our language house is open for everyone, all kinds of people attend our events, and that's how it should be," Orlova said.
LA CASA HISPANICA: Como La Flor by Selena GERMAN HOUSE: Schifoan by Wolfgang Ambros RUSSIAN HOUSE: by Voskreseniye COURTESY PHOTOS / CREATIVE COMMONS
VERONICA MANTHA / THE FLAT HAT
The Flat Hat
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
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Don’t say it, show it
‘Dancevent’ dazzles with contemporary choreography and thoughtful conception FREDA DENG // THE FLAT HAT Hosted by College of William and Mary dance faculty and Orchesis Modern Dance Company, Saturday night’s six-act “Dancevent” brought the audience pleasure both visually and audibly. Strong and expressive choreography, vivid portrayal from dancers, perfectly matched costumes, appropriate lighting and music and even the shadows on the stage composed an unforgettable viewing experience. Choreographed by associate professor of dance Denise Damon Wade, the show started with “After the Four,” which was divided into three sections: Apocalypse, Difficult Conversations, and Rising from the Ashes. Drawing inspiration from the Four Horseman of the Apocalypse, the dance expressed the endless cycle of conquest, war, famine and death. The symbolism of revitalization was interesting even without the explanatory flyer: some dancers took off armbands which represented mourning for dancers who had already lied down and “passed away,” followed by the sudden fall of the rest of the dancers. Dancers then rose up from the stage floor, completing the “rebirth.” The next dance was “Placeless,” directed by Vicki Fink, adjunct instructor in the dance department. Aiming to convey the idea of statelessness and forced displacement, the dance was not limited by the stage. Dancers jumped off the stage to express the concept of separation. The monk style cross-front clothes and warm tone background light also amplified the theme of loneliness. “Lynchtown” ended the first half of the event as a tribute to the renowned choreographer Charles Weidman. Reconstructed by professor of dance and Director Leah Glenn, the show recreated the violent and bizarre vibe it had when first performed in 1936. Dancers portrayed a sacrifice-like scene vividly by dancing in a circle with ritualistic body movements. While one dancer wore
BEHIND CLOSED DOORS
red, the rest of the dancers were all dressed in plain-colored clothes, symbolizing the prey and predator relationship expressed in the dance. The second half of the performance opened with a short film. The video began with a woman facing a mirror in a bathroom. It then switched to a dancing male and later transitioned and showed two female dancers.
“
This show has entirely changed my perception of beauty.
”
The film then placed emphasis on the three dancers but still called back to the woman in the bathroom from time to time. The meaning was not revealed until the very end of the film: the dancing group was a reflection of the woman’s inner world. The next dance, entitled “The Facts Between,” was inspired by
Glenn’s study abroad experience in Cape Town, South Africa. It presented a mixture of poetry recitation and dance. The primitivestyle music and spoken word of Capetonians helped express “the disparities that are cloaked in the beauty and richness of the dance.” The orange-toned background light transported the audience to the sunset in Cape Town. Last but not least, “BreakDown” offered a memorable ending to “Dancevent.” Choreographed by professor of dance Joan Gavaler along with the performers, the dance interpreted an interesting question, “What happens when a jukebox plays for the last time?” Though this piece won the most laughs during the showcase, performer Elizabeth King ’20 had more to say. “While it’s a tragedy because we are ‘playing for the last time,’ it’s supposed to be kind of comical too,” King said. “So, what I really like about this performance is that they really give you a character to play, instead of just movement that you are contriving to.” The futuristic silver costumes and the coin-dropping sound that implies the start of the jukebox contributed to what was the most whimsical and bittersweet dance of the night. Viewers gave the performance high praise, reacting with cheers and applause that seemed to go on forever. “I think this is really cool,” Grace Liscomb ’23 said. “Especially considering it’s made by our faculty and performers.” “This show has entirely changed my perception of beauty,” said Sara Xu, a member of the Williamsburg community. “I used to think skinny bodies are the only beautiful ones, but I see such unbelievable strength in tonight’s performance and I know I love it.” “Dancevent” made an impact on the audience and performers alike. Its unique structure and diverse inspirations covered a wide variety of topics and issues that are relevant today.
Anxious and Available
How online dating can add extra stress to a college student’s already busy schedule Caitlin M. THE FLAT HAT
Dating: it’s something that incurs both lots of excitement and lots of anxiety, especially for young adults. There’s such a thrill when you meet a potential new love interest and the sparks begin to fly. You begin to measure your time based on when you’ll get to see them again, and you fly to check every notification on your phone in case it’s them, and then you end up majorly disappointed when it’s your mom asking if you got the socks she mailed you (sorry, Mom). However, along with this thrill comes major anxiety. This is already a very nerve-wracking time in our lives, and dealing with the inherent ups and downs of dating on top of that can only add to our stress. Technology has become an important part of our everyday lives. We use it for everything from music to directions to funny cat videos, and now technology has found its way into our dating lives as well. Dating apps have risen in popularity recently, especially among college students. While there are upsides to dating
apps, there can also be lots of negatives, particularly for people who want more serious relationships. I recently tried dating apps for the first time, and it was a very enlightening experience for me, but I’m not sure if I would do it again. I wanted to experiment with the apps to understand the process a little bit more and to see what would happen. At the beginning, I was nervous, but as I used the apps more and more, I got used to them, and eventually using them became almost like an addiction for me. This became both dangerous and damaging for my mental health, my friendships and my overall well-being. As someone who has had a lifelong struggle with anxiety as well as other mental health challenges, these apps just fed the fire of my struggles. On the one hand, I loved having tons of matches because it meant more relationship opportunities, but by the end I began to feel like I was running a never-ending conversation marathon and I despised how it made me feel. My conversations began to blend together and feel meaningless and repetitive. For someone that craves deep conversations and meaningful connections, this became quite stressful and made me begin to lose hope in the legitimacy of dating apps. College causes enough stress on its own, and adding these
apps only amplified that. Just being in college enhances these problems, let alone adding an extra stressor like this. Lots of other college students deal with the same problems that I deal with, so dating apps may not be the best method of dating for them either. In some circumstances, dating apps are ideal, such as for more casual relationships; however, in my case and for many others, this is more of an obstacle to dating than a helpful tool. There is an expectation that many others are on dating apps as well, and that it is inevitable that it’s the way you’re going to meet people. Along with the expectations that many people are using dating apps as the main mode of meeting others, there is also the factor of time. College students are notoriously busy, so there is an appeal to the quickness and straightforwardness that dating apps provide. It’s definitely a good way to meet people you might not have otherwise met, both in college and in the outside world, but it can also distract from the potential relationships sitting right in front of you. Caitlin M. is a Behind Closed Doors columnist and she would like to remind you that sometimes the most meaningful connections happen when you look up from your phone at who is right in front of you.
sportsinside
The Flat Hat | Tuesday, October 29, 2019 | Page 9
FIELD HOCKEY
JAMIE HOLT / THE FLAT HAT
Cardinal defensive efforts in regulation time nearly locked in the match, sophomore midfielder Cara Menges and junior defender Haley Hopkin’s goals were able to turn the tide and cause a major upset in favor of the College.
Tribe hosts No. 5 Louisville, pulls off 2-1 upset in overtime Despite Cardinal dominance in first period, College able to rebound in last five minutes BELLA SMALL FLAT HAT STAFF WRITER Thursday, Oct. 24, William and Mary faced off against No. 5 Louisville at Busch Field in Williamsburg. The Tribe was on a sixgame winning streak, coming off of a 3-2 overtime victory versus Lafayette the previous Sunday. The Tribe forced an upset when it defeated the Cardinals (13-3) in a dramatic 2-1 double overtime victory. In the first period, the Cardinals were dominant. The Tribe had one shot on goal, no penalty corners and no momentum to build upon. Just a minute into the game, the Cardinals already had a scoring attempt when Cardinals midfielder Mercedes Pastor had a shot on goal that ultimately went high. A minute later, Cardinals defender Carter Ayars drew the first penalty corner of the game, on which Tribe sophomore goalkeeper Kimi Jones saved the shot by Ayars. The Cardinals had another chance to score when Ayars drew another penalty corner four minutes later, but, yet again, Jones recorded a save, this time on a shot by Cardinals defender Alli Bitting. After two more shots on goal by the Cardinals, Ayars was awarded a penalty stroke, on which she scored her fifth goal of the season. The Tribe got one shot in with four minutes left in the period, but it was saved by Cardinals goalkeeper Hollyn Barr, and the period ended with the Tribe trailing the Cardinals 1-0. In the second quarter, the Tribe regained their footing and began to match the Cardinals’ level of aggression. Because of this more evenlymatched playing style, the quarter was not as one-sided in terms of
shots on goal or corners. A minute in, the Tribe had a scoring attempt from senior forward Woodard Hooper, though her shot went wide left. As the ball came back towards the Tribe goal, Cardinals midfielder Mattie Tabor was able to shoot, but the ball went wide right. The next scoring attempt came ten minutes after this, when Cardinals midfielder Erica Cooper shot on goal, but her shot was saved by Jones. Going into the half, the score remained 1-0 with the Cardinals beating the Tribe. In the third period, both the Tribe and the Cardinals established some good plays and scoring opportunities. Just a minute in, the Cardinals drew their third penalty corner of the game from Ayars, though they were unable to get a shot on goal. Soon after, the Tribe regained control and Hooper had a shot on goal that was saved by Barr. Just twenty seconds later, Tribe senior midfielder Annie Snead drew a penalty corner. On this corner, Tribe senior midfielder Cassidy Goodwin had her shot on goal saved by Barr. Tribe sophomore midfielder Cara Menges shot the rebound back towards the goal, but Barr continued her dominant performance and saved the ball again. After these good chances for the Tribe, the Cardinals began to gain more and more time with the ball as they continued to gain possession. Cardinals forward Biz Allgeier had a shot blocked, but soon after Ayars again drew a penalty corner for the Cardinals. On the corner, Cardinals forward Whena Munn’s shot on goal was saved by Jones. The Tribe drew one more penalty corner, again by Snead, but after no shot, the period ended with the Cardinals still leading by one. Going into the fourth quarter, the Tribe needed to score to stay in the fight. This looked unlikely early on, with Ayars drawing another penalty corner for the Cardinals, though Cardinals forward
Bethany Russ had her shot blocked. After another shot by Cardinals midfielder Minna Tremonti that was saved by Jones, the Tribe regained their possession and power. Tribe senior midfielder Christie van de Kamp passed the ball into the circle from the side corridor, where Menges got the ball in stride and shot on the goal. Barr was unable to save this fast play, and with just five minutes left, the Tribe had tied the Cardinals 1-1. The period ended, and the Tribe went into overtime with the fifth-ranked team in the country. In overtime, the Cardinals came out with a new fire. Both Cooper and Russ had shots on goal that were saved by Jones, keeping the Tribe’s chances alive. Bitting drew a penalty corner, though Russ’ shot went wide left. At the end of the ten-minute overtime, it was still 1-1, and the Tribe and the Cardinals went into double overtime. A minute into the double overtime, the Tribe was awarded a penalty corner, which provided their chance to win the game. However, van de Kamp’s shot on this corner went wide left, and the Cardinals got a chance to score again. Jones saved a shot by Cooper, and the Tribe regained possession of the ball. Tribe junior defender Haley Hopkins passed to freshman forward Sally Snead, who dribbled the ball down and passed back to Hopkins near the goal, where Hopkins was able to shoot the ball into the center net and score the game-winner. With 73 minutes of hard play, the Tribe beat the Cardinals in double overtime 2-1. The Tribe is now on a seven-game winning streak. In the next match, the Tribe will have the momentum behind them from this win when it plays Northeastern Oct. 27 at Busch Field in Williamsburg at 1 p.m.
MEN’S SOCCER
College defeats Delaware 5-1 in regular season home finale after three losses Tribe and Blue Hens entered match with losing streaks; despite win, College drops next game to Northeastern CAMERON BRAY THE FLAT HAT William and Mary defeated Delaware 5-1 in the regular-season home finale at Martin Family Stadium Tuesday, Oct. 22. Hosting a make-up match of an early September game that was postponed due to Hurricane Dorian, the Tribe (5-7-2, 3-2-1 CAA) entered after a 3-1 loss against Hofstra on Saturday, its third loss in a row. Meanwhile, the Blue Hens (2-7-3, 1-3-2 CAA) arrived after a 3-2 loss against Holy Cross on Wednesday, also its third loss in a row. Both teams tried to reverse their losing streaks, but the Tribe emerged victorious after scoring four-straight goals during an explosive second half. The Tribe began the game with possession of the ball, controlling much of the play throughout the first half but finding trouble scoring. The College had two promising corner kicks in the first 10 minutes of the game, but all their shots from the middle went off target. Freshman forward Diba Nwegbo scored the first goal of the game in the 12th minute, but his would be the only goal scored by the Tribe in the first half. Although they found few shooting opportunities, the Blue Hens scored in the 34th minute when defender Timo Hummrich converted on a corner kick. During the first half, the Tribe attempted eight shots and two shots on goal, while the Blue Hens managed only three shot attempts and one shot on goal. But at the end of the first half, the Tribe saw the score tied at 1-1. After the first half, the Tribe took the lead against the Blue Hens, scoring four goals and attempting 11 shots in the second half. The Blue Hens started the second half with possession of the ball, but
the Tribe quickly regained control and retained it throughout much of the period. During the second half, the Blue Hens only had three shot attempts and no shots on goal. Senior forward Julian Ngoh, who scored two goals, began his offensive run early into the second half, making two shot attempts within the first five minutes. Senior back Tanner Shane scored the first goal of the second half in the 54th minute, with a corner-kick assist by freshman midfielder
Alfredo Bonzalongo. Sophomore midfielder John Eberle then scored the second goal only 40 seconds later, with another assist by Bonzalongo, after the referees called a yellow card on Blue Hens defender Hummrich. Ngoh scored the third and fourth goals of the second half in the 71st and 75th minutes, respectively. Approaching the goal for the second time in five minutes, Ngoh faked around the Blue Hens defender, dribbled the ball up, and launched
JAMIE HOLT / THE FLAT HAT
Making up for the match cancelled by Hurricane Dorian, offensive efforts by senior forward Julian Ngoh locked in the win.
it into the net. Ngoh said he credited his goals to the team’s persistence in the second half. “We just kept pressing them,” Ngoh said. “I got into a good spot, was able to keep my composure, go around the defender, and have a good finish. But I think more so it was just the team was playing so much better. We were getting better chances in the second half, we were more clinical, so I just felt … if I kept working, if I kept making the runs, the goals would come.” Bonzalongo, who gave Ngoh the assist on his second goal, recorded the Colonial Athletic Association’s first three-assist match of the year. Ngoh’s goals sealed the 5-1 victory for the Tribe over the Blue Hens. Head coach Chris Norris said he attributed the Tribe’s win to its sharpshooting on goal in the second half. “The biggest thing, I think, that we did differently in the second half from the first half was we put our shots on target,” Norris said. “At halftime, we talked about trying to get past the fact that we were disappointed that we hadn’t scored more goals, that we’d given away a lead, and that we were even in a game that we felt like we were fairly dominant in.” Norris added in some praise for Ngoh’s effort. “It was great to see Julian start to score some goals again,” Norris said. “We haven’t been a prolific goal-scoring team this year, so we’re going to need him to be hot at the important end of the season here.” After Tuesday’s win, the College went on to Boston, Massachusetts where it was defeated 2-0 by Northeastern. The Tribe will travel to Harrisonburg, Virginia. to take on James Madison Nov. 2.
sports
Sports Editor Gavin Aquin-Hernández Sports Editor Avery Lackner flathatsports@gmail.com @FlatHatSports
The Flat Hat | Tuesday, October 29, 2019 | Page 10
College squanders comeback
FOOTBALL
Loss to Maine extends Tribe losing streak to five games NATHAN SEIDEL FLAT HAT SPORTS ASSOC. EDITOR
William and Mary suffered its fifth defeat in a row Saturday Oct. 26, falling victim to a 24-0 scoring run from Maine (3-5, 1-3 CAA) to lose 34-25. The Tribe (2-6, 0-4 CAA) started off strong, taking its opening drive 67 yards on 10 plays to take a 6-0 lead on a six-yard touchdown scamper by freshman quarterback Hollis Mathis, who started his first game at the position in three weeks due to injury. The extra point attempt was blocked by the Black Bears. Neither team gained momentum for the remainder of the quarter, punting twice each and ending the period with the Tribe still up 6-0. The Black Bears began the second quarter with the ball and motored inside the Tribe red zone with a mix of runs and passes. With 12 minutes, 33 seconds remaining and the ball at the 19, Black Bears quarterback Joe Fagnano tossed an overhand lateral to running back Earnes Edwards, who lofted a 19-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Jaquan Blair to give the Black Bears a one-point advantage after the extra point. Freshman safety Bronson Yoder returned the ensuing kickoff to the Tribe 40-yard line and a 25-yard rush from sophomore running back Owen Wright moved the offense across midfield. Yoder then took a handoff and powered 18 yards down to the Black Bears 4-yard line. On the next play, Yoder ran straight up the middle for the Tribe’s second touchdown of the game, but a two-point conversion attempt failed, making it 12-7 with 9 minutes, 57 seconds left to play in the half. The Black Bears wasted no time responding, with a Fagnano pass finding Edwards for a 67-yard touchdown to earn Maine the lead, 1412, with 9 minutes, 22 seconds to play. Yoder once again gave the Tribe a favorable starting field position at its own 45-yard line. However, a Mathis fumble on a quarterback run set the Black Bears up in Tribe territory to begin their next drive. The Tribe forced a 3rd-and-1 on its own 32-yard line, but a 27-yard rush from running back David Young advanced the Black Bears to the Tribe 5-yard line. Young took it the remaining distance on the following play to make it 21-12 Maine with 6 minutes, 12 seconds left in the half. The Tribe offense sputtered on the next series, gaining one yard on three plays and punting to give the Black Bears the ball near midfield
as the clock ticked under five minutes in the half. The defense held strong, with a diving pass breakup from freshman cornerback Latrelle Smith forcing a punt. However, a fake punt fooled the coverage team and advanced Maine into Tribe territory with under two minutes left. The defense stayed in it, with a tackle for loss from sophomore defensive lineman Carl Fowler forcing a 3rd and 12, which became a 3rd and 22 following a holding penalty. The defense sniffed out the following screen pass to force a genuine punt, which senior cornerback Corey Parker blocked to set the College’s offense up at the Maine 29yard line. Three runs advanced to the Black Bear 20, but time expired before the Tribe could attempt a field goal, ending the half still down nine, 21-12. The Black Bears outgained the College 233-141 in the first half and 149-15 through the air.
25 WILLIAM AND MARY TRIBE
34
MAINE
BLACK BEARS
Maine started the second half on offense, and after a first down run, Fagnano launched another 64-yard bomb to Blair, who streaked through the secondary to extend the Black Bear lead to 28-12 with 14 minutes left in the third. The offense once again failed to gain any ground and punted to the Maine 26-yard line. After the Black Bears moved across midfield, the Tribe forced a fourth down and stopped Fagnano inches short on a scramble. Two strong runs from senior running back Albert Funderburke moved the offense within the Maine 40, but several stops from the Maine defense held them there and eventually forced a Funderburke fumble to regain possession. Maine engineered a sustained drive to close out the third quarter
with a field goal, and the Tribe regained possession down 19 with 14 minutes, 51 seconds left in the game. The teams traded punts until the Tribe managed a sustained drive as the clock ticked under 11 minutes to advance near the Black Bear red zone. With 10 minutes, 25 seconds to play, Mathis slipped free for a 16-yard touchdown run, his second of the day, to cut the lead to 31-18. The Tribe proceeded to recover an onside kick to regain possession and advanced near midfield. The Black Bears forced a 4th and 11, but Mathis lofted a dime down the sideline that senior wide receiver Zach Burdick hauled in for a 34-yard gain to the Maine 11-yard line. Two plays later, Mathis escaped the Maine pressure and sliced through the defense to cross the goal line for his third score of the day, cutting the deficit to 31-25 with 6 minutes, 59 seconds remaining. The Black Bears’ offense proceeded to inch down the field, converting a 3rd and 10 to move deeper into Tribe territory. The defense forced a 3rd and 15, but a facemask penalty gave the Black Bears a first down at the Tribe 9-yard line. The defense forced a field goal, but the additional three points made it a two-possession game, 34-25, with a minute left. The Tribe failed to score again and suffered the nine-point loss to drop its fifth game in a row. Head coach Mike London noted that despite the losing streak, the fortitude the team showed bodes well for the future. “Another close game that we got to learn how to close out, with how we go about doing things, and that falls on me,” London said. “But at the same time, in terms of an effort and a fight and a resiliency of a team, again I’m proud of this team. Obviously having ‘W’s is important, but at the same time the way that no one ever quit, came back, had an opportunity at the end there to do something special, it just wasn’t our day today.” Mathis finished with three rushing touchdowns on the day but struggled through the air, completing just four of 22 attempts. “They did a good job of playing back deep,” he said. “And they did a good job of covering us up; they did what we expected them to do, we’ve just got to execute better, have to do better on my pawrt to be able to get us the ball, moving down the fields. It wasn’t anything too unexpected, I wasn’t back there seeing ghosts or anything; I’ve got to do better and get the ball moving.” The Tribe will attempt to snap the losing streak Sat. Nov. 2 at Elon at 2 p.m.
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